Environmental Assessment Report

Initial Environmental Examination () Project Number: 37066 March 2010

India: Rural Roads Sector II Investment Program (Project 5)

Prepared by [Author(s)] [Firm] [City, Country] Prepared by Ministry of Rural Development for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Prepared for [Executing Agency] [Implementing Agency]

The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

No. SECTION - 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 BACKGROUND 1 1.2 STATUS OF BATCH-V PROJECTS IN MADHYA PRADESH 1 1.3 RURAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROPOSALS 2 1.4 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION 2 1.4.1 Corridor of Impact and Study Area 2 1.4.2 Field Visits 2 1.4.3 Secondary Data Collection 3 1.4.4 Primary Data Collection 3 1-5 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 3 SECTION - 2 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 4 2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT 4 2.2 CATEGORY OF PROJECT 4 2.3 NEED FOR PROJECT 4 2.4 ROADS FOR IEE 4 2.5 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION 5 2.6 SCHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION 5 2.7 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 5 2.7.1 Rural Road Construction Proposals 5 2.7.2 Present Condition 5 2.7.3 Available Right of Way (ROW) 11 2.7.4 Alignment and Profile 12 2.7.5 Traffic 12 2.7.6 Economic Assessment 12 SECTION - 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 14 3.1 GENERAL 14 3.2 PHYSICAL RESOURCES 14 3.2.1 Topography, Geology and soil 14 3.2.2 Earthquake Zone / Sensitivity 15 3.2.3 Climate 16 3.2.4 Land Use 16 3.2.5 Water Resources and Water Quality 17 3.2.6 Ambient Air Quality 17 3.2.7 Ambient Noise Quality 18 3.3 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES 18 3.3.1 Vegetation 18 3.3.2 Wildlife and Protected Area Network 18 3.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 20 3.4.1 Demography 20 3.4.2 Agriculture and Forestry 20 3.4.3 Fisheries 21 3.4.4 Transportation 21 3.4.5 Mineral Resources 21 3.4.6 Industrial Situation 21 3.4.7 Cultural and Religious Resources 22 3.4.8 Energy and Electric Power Potential 22 3.4.9 Education and Health Facilities 23 3.5 OTHER FACIITIES – QUALITY OF LIFE 23 3.5.1 Roadside Sanitation 23 3.5.2 Road Cutting Along Rural Road Proposals 23

Technical Support Consultant i Operations Research Group Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

SECTION - 4 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 24 4.1 GENERAL 24 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DUE TO PROJECT (ROAD) LOCATION 24 4.2.1 National Parks/Wild Life Sanctuaries 24 4.2.2 Archaeological/ Heritage Monuments 24 4.2.3 Natural Habitat/Nature reserves 25 4.2.4 Reserve Forests/ Protected Forest and/or Unclassified Forest Areas/ Lands 25 4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DUE TO PROJECT (ROAD) DESIGN 26 4.3.1 Embankment construction 26 4.3.2 Soil erosion 26 4.3.3 Clearing of vegetation 27 4.3.4 Cross Drainage 27 4.3.5 Roadside Sanitation 27 4.3.6 Road cutting for Conveyance of Irrigation Pipes 28 4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PROJECT CONSTRUCTION 28 4.4.1 Geology / Stone Quarries 28 4.4.2 Hydro-geology/Ground Water 29 4.4.3 Soil/ Borrow Areas 29 4.4.4 Land Use 30 4.4.5 Drainage 32 4.4.6 Water Quality 32 4.4.7 Terrestrial Flora & Fauna 32 4.4.8 Loss of Forest land/ Cover 33 4.4.9 Aquatic Flora & Fauna 33 4.4.10 Air quality 33 4.4.11 Noise 34 4.4.12 Vibration 34 4.4.13 Construction Debris 35 4.4.14 Archaeological/ Historical Monuments 35 4.4.15 Road Side Shrines/Temples 35 4.4.16 Road Side Sanitation 35 4.5 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RESULTING FROM PROJECT OPERATIONS 35 4.6 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT MEASURES 36 4.6.1 Retrieval of Green (Tree) Cover 36 4.6.2 Improvement in Air/Noise Quality 37 4.6.3 Improvement of Road Side Sanitation 37 4.6.4 Socio-economic Benefits 37 4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN 37 SECTION – 5 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 38 5.1 GENERAL 38 5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN 38 5.2.1 Issues / Project Actions / Environmental Attributes 38 5.2.2 Mitigation Measures 38 5.3 RESPONSIBILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATION 38 5.4 EMAP IMPLEMENTATION MONOTORING 38 5.5 INSTITUTIONAL REQIREMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMAP 38 5.5.1 Institutional Requirements- Construction Stage 38 SECTION - 6 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURES 41 6.1 INTRODUCTION 41 6.2 OBJECTIVES 41 6.3 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS 41 6.3.1 Stages and Levels of Consultation 41 6.3.2 Contents 42 6.3.3 Public Hearing, Schedule-IV, under EIA Notification of MoEF 42 6.3.4 Issues Raised and Community Perception 42 SECTION - 7 FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION 45 7.1 FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS 45 7.2 CONCLUSION 45

Technical Support Consultant ii Operations Research Group Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 Madhya Pradesh - Packaging & Details of Road under ADB Batch – V APPENDIX 2 Madhya Pradesh – Batch V: List of Roads Selected for Review

APPENDIX 3 Environmental Management Action Plan for Pre-Construction and Construction Phases APPENDIX 4 Environmental Monitoring Control Matrix – Construction Phase APPENDIX 4 List of persons interacted during Public Consultation

Technical Support Consultant iii Operations Research Group Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

Acronyms and Abbreviations

ADB : Asian Development Bank BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards CD : Cross Drainage CGWB : Central Ground Water Board CO : Carbon Monoxide COI : Corridor of Impact DM : District Magistrate EA : Executing Agency EAF : Environment Assessment Framework ECOP : Environmental Codes of Practice EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMAP : Environmental Management Action Plan EO : Environmental Officer FEO : Field Environmental Officer FGD : Focus Group Discussion FFA : Framework Financing Agreement GOI : Government of GP : Gram panchyat GSB : Granular Sub Base HA : Hectare HC : Hydro Carbon IA : Implementing Agency IEE : Initial Environmental Examination IRC : Indian Road Congress LPG : Liquefied Petroleum Gas MFF : Multitranche Financing Facility MORD : Ministry of Rural Development MORTH : Ministry of Road Transport and Highways MOU : Memorandum of Understanding NAAQS : National Ambient Air Quality Standards NGO : Non Governmental Organisation NOx : Nitrogen Oxide NC : Not Connected NGO : Non-Government Organization NRRDA : National Rural Road Development Agency PIU : Project Implementation Unit PIC : Project Implementation Consultants PRIs : Panchyati Raj Institutions PMGSY : Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana POL : Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants PPTA : Project Preparation Technical Assistance ROW : Right-of-Way RPM : Respirable Particulate Matter RRP : Report and Recommendation of the President RRSIP II : Rural Roads Sector II Investment Program SRRDA : State Rural Road Development Agency SBD : Standard Bidding Documents

SO2 : Sulphur di-Oxide SPM : Suspended Particulate Matter TA : Technical Assistance TOR : Terms of Reference TSC : Technical Support Consultants UG : Upgradation WBM : Water Bound Macadam MPRRA Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Agency ZP : Zilla Parisad

Technical Support Consultant iv Operations Research Group Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION

RURAL ROADS SECTOR II INVESTMENT PROGRAMME: MADHYA PRADESH

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND As one of the key features of the Government’s poverty reduction agenda for the rural sector, the Government of India (GoI) is implementing a nation-wide rural road investment program, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY). PMGSY aims to provide all-weather road connectivity to currently un-served habitations in India’s rural areas, where 70% of the population live. The Rural Roads Sector I Project (RRSIP) under Asian Development Bank Loan 2018- IND covering states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh was approved by ADB Board in November 2003 and the loan was made effective from January 2005. The original scope of the project was to construct and upgrade about 5500 km of rural roads in each of the two states. After subproject preparation, the approved length of roads in Madhya Pradesh worked to 5936 Km with a cost of about Rs. 12,251 million. The state is implementing four batches of subprojects under the project. The GoI has entered into a Framework Financing Agreement (FFA) with ADB for the Rural Road Sector II Project (RRSIIP). The GoI sought financial assistance from ADB through a Multitranche Financing Facility (MFF) for the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY).The requested MFF is for $750 million over 5 years. It represents 36% of the total financing plan for the identified Investment Program under the PMGSY. The MFF has a maximum utilization period of 5 years. The first Loan for $180 million was made effective on 18 October 2006. It proposed to have a fresh batch of subprojects (batch 5) in the state of Madhya Pradesh under RRSIIP. The Government is now planning to submit to ADB the fifth Periodic Finance Request (PFR) that includes the proposal for the fresh batch of subprojects (batch 5) in the state of Madhya Pradesh as mentioned above. The Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for fifth batch have been prepared. The project as per classification of ADB has been categorised as ‘Category B’ project and therefore requires an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE). The Initial environmental examination (IEE) for the fifth batch was prepared by using environmental checklist. The present volume of the report covers the summary of the environmental checklist for the fifth batch. The report has been prepared by M/s Operations Research Group (P) Ltd., The Technical Support Consultants (TSC) appointed by National Rural Road Development Agency (NRRDA) under the ADB loan assistance.

1.2 STATUS OF BATCH-V PROJECTS IN MADHYA PRADESH

A list of district wise subproject roads under the fresh batch (Batch V) is presented in Appendix 1. Summary of the proposed subprojects is as under:

No. of districts where subprojects are located : 8 No. of Packages : 109 No. of subproject roads : 389 Total length of roads (km) : 1792.75 These districts are located in the northern and central parts of the state. In this batch of subprojects, the longest road is 25.3 km (Piparwas to Bechai in district), while

Technical Support Consultant 1 Operations Research Group Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

the shortest is 0.5 km (T02 to Ladpura in ), the average length works out to 4.61km.

Figure 1.1: District Map of Madhya Pradesh

1.3 RURAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROPOSALS The proposal for rural road construction works typically considers a 10-12 m right of way (ROW), which includes side slopes for embankment, side drains on either side of the alignment. The construction proposals are confined to the existing alignment of the unpaved tracks. Majority of these are foot/pathways traditionally used by the villagers and transformed into the present form of unpaved tracks/roads through minor construction works taken up by the communities, local bodies and State Government over the decades. 1.4 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION 1.4.1 Corridor of Impact and Study Area Based on the proposed cross-section, 15m (7.5m on each side of the existing alignment) has been considered as the direct area of influence or the corridor of impact (COI) for IEE. In addition, a 10 km wide corridor (5 km on each side) of the proposed alignment has been considered for assessment of the baseline environmental conditions of the region as a whole. 1.4.2 Field Visits Based on the environmental checklist of each road, TSC carried out random checking in the field from different stretches / locations in districts covered by the fifth batch in August- December, 2009.

Technical Support Consultant 2 Operations Research Group Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

1.4.3 Secondary Data Collection Upon the completion of field appraisal, secondary environmental data pertaining to the significant environmental issues were collected from various governments and non- governmental / research institutions for assessment of the baseline environment of the project locations / region as a whole. 1.4.4 Primary Data Collection The primary data generation was limited to the ecological investigation of typical sensitive areas among the selected rural road construction proposals. Similarly, a rapid tree enumeration survey was also carried out in some of the selected stretches of the rural road construction proposals. The details of the investigations are included under the section 2 and 3 of this report. 1.5 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT This report summarises the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of the Batch V of 1792.7 km of rural roads in Madhya Pradesh and is based on the environmental checklists prepared for the sub projects by the PIUs and PIC. The IEE has been carried out in accordance with the Bank’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 and new Safeguard Policy Statement 2009.

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SECTION 2: DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT

The PMGSY program has mandate to provide all-weather roads to all the rural habitations within the country. The PMGSY guidelines have the following priorities for establishing the rural connectivity. ¾ Unconnected habitations with population of 1000 or more ¾ Unconnected habitations with population of 500 to 999 or in population located in designated hilly or desert areas or with predominantly scheduled caste or scheduled tribe population, greater than 250. ¾ Population of 1000 or more presently connected by all-weather gravel roads. ¾ Population that satisfy the criteria described in category two above presently connected by all weather roads. ¾ Population of 1000 or more presently connected by all weather paved or WBM roads requiring rehabilitation. ¾ Population that satisfy the criteria described in category two above presently connected by all weather paved or WBM requiring rehabilitation

2.2 CATEGORY OF PROJECT

The Batch V roads of Madhya Pradesh Rural Road that funded by the Rural Road Development Program under the PMGSY is categorised as ‘B’ in accordance with the ADB’s Environmental Policy 2003 as translated into the ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 as well as new Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 and Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) are to be carried out for projects under the Category B. The Category B projects are judged to have some adverse environmental impacts but of lesser degree and/or significance than Category A projects, which require detailed EIA studies.

2.3 NEED FOR PROJECT

The rural road connectivity is seen as a catalyst for rural sector development by promoting access to health, education facilities and as an avenue to increased economic opportunities, leading to increased agricultural income and productive employment opportunities. The rural road development project is expected to play a dominant role in development of rural sector and ensuring sustainable poverty reduction program.

2.4 ROADS FOR IEE

The 1792.75 km of rural roads of the Batch V is spread over 8 districts. The district wise detailed distribution of the 1792.75 km roads is given in Appendix 1 and district wise summarised in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1: Summarised District wise Distribution of Rural Roads under Batch V Sr. Name of the No of No. of Length of Roads (km) No. District packages Roads Total Minimum Maximum 1 Rajgarh 22 82 411.7 1.0 16.6 2 Datia 13 31 142.2 0.7 13.0 3 5 14 54.62 0.8 6.7 4 12 59 180.3 0.75 7.5 5 Sehare 19 46 268.825 1.10 14.45 6 Sheopur 3 11 60.9 0.50 25.3 7 23 91 437.05 0.7 20.5 8 12 55 237.155 1.2 15.5 Total/ Overall 109 389 1792.75 0.50 25.3

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2.5 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

The construction cost of rural roads of 1792.75 km under the Batch V is broadly estimated at Indian Rupees 5243 million approx. (excluding maintenance cost). Package wise cost is given in Appendix 1.

2.6 SCHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION

The 1792.75 km rural road construction works are likely to commence from April, 2010.

2.7 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.7.1 Rural Road Construction Proposals

The rural road construction work will provide 7.5 m roadway width with 3.75 m carriageway in plain terrain. The proposal considers a 3.75 m cement concrete pavement with lined storm water drains for stretches passing through waterlogged/water overtopping/ flood prone areas. The proposal also considers a 3.75 m bituminous pavement with lined storm water drains for stretches passing through the habitations. The pavement design considers a base layer of variable thickness as per the design with granular sub base, 150 mm thick water bound macadam (WBM grade I & II) and finally topped with 20 mm thick bituminous pavement. Adequate cross drainage structures like pipe or slab culverts/bridge structures are considered for drainage channels across the roads. The construction will be in accordance with Indian Roads Congress (IRC) road manual. Figure 2.1 is showing typical cross section of the rural roads.

The rural road construction works will be in conformance with the Rural Roads Manual and / or Technical Specifications (IRC: SP20: 2002) for Rural Roads published by the Indian Road Congress (IRC) on behalf of Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India.

2.7.2 Present Condition

The project roads mainly pass through plain or undulating or rocky or riverine terrain with agricultural area. The project roads have several cross drainage structure, electric post and telephone post along the existing alignment. There are some Shops, Temple, Mosque, Primary or Secondary Schools, Anga Nari Siksha Kendra, Offices beside the roads alignment, but will not be affected for the widening of roads.

The present environmental condition of the roads from the environmental impact sample checklist is summarized in Table 2.2 and road wise salient environmental features from field observation and checking of sample checklist (39 nos. road, 10% of the total road, i.e. 389 nos. under the Batch V as presented in Appendix -2 is shown in Table 2.3.

Table 2.2: Summary of Environmental Condition of Batch V sample Roads Environmental impact checklist points Status as reported in the Checklists A. Climate Conditions Temperature (oC) High Maximum 47oC Low Minimum 2oC Humidity (%) High Maximum 75% Low Minimum 25% Rainfall (mm/year) 1000 mm to 2200mm Rainy Season (---month to ---month) June to September B. Locations of the Road Coastal area None of the roads are in coastal belt Mangrove (along roadside) None of roadside having mangroves

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Environmental impact checklist points Status as reported in the Checklists Hilly/Mountainous area Seheore district Forest area Rajgarh, Datia, , Shivpuri and Vidisha districts have social forests or unclassified forest within 500m from the project road. Lake/Swamp Inhabited area Rajgarh, Datia, Gwalior, Morena, Sehore, Sheopur, Shivpuri and Vidisha districts Agricultural land Rajgarh, Datia, Gwalior, Morena, Sehore, Sheopur, Shivpuri and Vidisha districts Barren land Morena, Sehore, and Vidisha districts Flat area Rajgarh, Datia, Gwalior, Morena, Sehore, Sheopur, Shivpuri and Vidisha districts C. Description of the Road Environment Is the area along the project road prone to No landslide problems? Is the area along the project road prone to No flooding problem flooding problems? Along the road and within 500 m of the road None of the roads have Natural habitats along or shoulder, is there any area with natural within 500m from the project road. habitat? Along the road and within 500 m of the road None of the roads have any species of flora and shoulder, is there any species of flora and fauna that is classified as endangered species. fauna that is classified as endangered species? Along the road and within 500 m of the road None of the roads have any faunal breeding shoulder, is there any faunal breeding ground. ground? Along the road and within 500 m of the road None of the roads have any bird migration area. shoulder, is there any bird migration area? D. Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures Encroachment on historical/cultural areas? None of the roads have encroachment of historical areas. In few cases some religious structure like temples are located with 3-5 m from the centerline. Disfiguration by road embankments, cuts, None of the roads have disfiguration by road landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, embankments, cuts, landscape by road and quarries? embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries. Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. None of the roads have encroachment on sensitive or protected areas)? precious ecology. Only tree cutting is required Water hydrology of waterways crossed by There are few roads in Rajgarh, Datia, Gwalior, roads, resulting in increased sediment in Morena, Sehore, Sheopur, Shivpuri and Vidisha streams affected by increased soil erosion at districts having waterways cross by the road construction site? (mitigation measures are proposed). Deterioration of surface water due to sanitary None (mitigation measures are proposed) wastes from worker-based camps and chemicals used in construction? Inconvenient environmental condition due to None (mitigation measures are proposed) poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction camps and work sites? Inconvenient environmental condition due None (mitigation measures are proposed) possible transmission of communicable diseases from workers to local populations? Deterioration of surface water quality due to None (mitigation measures are proposed) silt runoff? Increased local air pollution due to rock None (mitigation measures are proposed) crushing, cutting and filling works, and chemicals from asphalt processing?

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Environmental impact checklist points Status as reported in the Checklists Noise and vibration due to blasting and other None (mitigation measures are proposed) civil works? Inconvenience due to land slide or erosion? None Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of None people? Other social concerns relating to None inconveniences in living conditions in the project areas that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress? Creation of temporary breeding habitats for None (mitigation measures are proposed) mosquito vectors of disease? Accident risks associated with increased Yes (mitigation measures are proposed) vehicular traffic leading to loss of life? Inconvenience due to transportation of None (mitigation measures are proposed) construction materials? E. Public Consultation Consultation with local community was Yes (for each road) conducted before finalizing the alignment? Any suggestion received in finalizing the Yes for all districts alignment? If suggestions received, do they get Yes for all district roads incorporated into design? F. Permit/Clearance Required Prior to Commencing Civil Work SPCB–No objection Certificate None Forest Department Yes, As per state rule MOEF None For water extraction Yes from CGWB in case of Ground water For Quarry Having Licensed quarries For Disposing Spoil Materials None Others(Describe in the remarks column) SPCB-No Objection Certificate required for vehicles deployed for the construction work.

Table 2.3: Salient Environmental Features: Batch V Sample Roads under observation

Package Road Name District Block Salient Environmental Features No. (length) • Forest area is located from CH- 11000m to CH-12000m • Road is passing through agricultural A. B. Road to land 3061 Amargarh • Ghora-Pachhar river crossing the (16.6 km) project road at CH-4000m • Drainage crossing the road at CH- 5000m.Thre area along the project is not flood prone Biora Malawar to • Drainage crossing the project road at jamoniya CH-250om Rajgarh Rajgarh (3.1 km) • 100 no. of trees felling • Flat and agricultural land NH-12 to • Temple located at CH-2400 m – no 3058 Motipura impact (3.2 km) • No trees along the road to be impacted NH – 12 to • Ajnal river crosses project road at CH- Muwaliya Dangi 2600m. (2.6 km) • 10 no. of trees felling

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Package Road Name District Block Salient Environmental Features No. (length) • Flat agricultural land along the road • Sukhad river crosses the project road at CH-5000m. The area along the Jhadla to project road is not flood prone. Barkhera Dor • Two temples located at CH -2900m (5.4 km) and CH-5200m. Religious places not 3070 affected • 230 no. of trees felling Ekrela Kurawar • Flat agricultural land Road to • Two drainages crossing the project Jangibad road at CH-400m and CH -800m.

Narsinghgarh (1.0 km) • 60 no. of trees felling • Four drainages crossing the project Narsinghgarh to road.

Rajgarh Sarana (2.5 km) • No trees along the road • ParvatiI river passes 100m away from project alignment. 3067 Raghunathpura • Six drainages are located namely at to Ramgarh CH-600m, CH-1000m, CH-4000m, (7.4 km) CH-4600m , CH-4800m, CH-4900m. • 10 no. of trees are required to be felled. Rajgarh • Flat agricultural land Road to Rajgarh 3074 • No trees along the road Kharcha (5.0 km)

• One lake start from the CH-100m to 350m right side of the road.- no flood Datia Unao prone area Road to Datia 963 • Unclassified Forest area from CH- Gharaba 700m to CH-1400m LHS and from- (3.1km) 1500m to CH-2000m RHS. • Only 2 trees need to be felled

Datia Alampur • Drainage crosses the road at CH- 957 Talgaon Road to 600m. Jouri (1.6 km) • No trees along the road Bhander • Flat agricultural land Dhanpiri to • One temple located at CH-4000m – 958 Tentana (4.5 shifting may required km) • No trees impacted

• Flat agricultural land Bijouji Gundhara • 1 drain crosses the project road at CH- Road to 100m. Morar 1456 Santalpur • Accumulation of water at CH-100m to Gwalior Gwalior (0.8 km) CH-600m on proposed alignment. • No trees impacted

• No agricultural land , road passing M.S. Road to through barren land 2562 Manpur Balla • No trees along the road (2.0 km) Morena

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Package Road Name District Block Salient Environmental Features No. (length) • Barren and agricultural land M.S. Road to • Canal just before starting the project Joura 2562 Chiraytini road and doesn’t cross the road. (2.8 km) • Only 1 tree is required to be felled • Mainly agricultural land Rithora Road to • Canal runs along the road from Ch- Bhensora 00m to Ch-3000m and doesn’t cross (6.0 km) the project road • Agricultural land mainly Morena A.B. Road to Morena 2560 • Two drainages cross the project road Gopalpura at CH- 300m and CH-2000m. (2.3 km) • One temple located along the road at CH – 650m – not impacted A.B. Road to • Agricultural land mainly Masoodpur • No trees along the road (2.6 km)

• The road passes through the hilly area. • Social Forest area CH 600m to 1600 m. • The road passing through agricultural land between CH- 1800m to 4500m. • 7 drainages crossing the road namely at CH-500m, CH-600m, CH-950m, Bordikalan to CH-1100m, CH-1150m, CH-1900m 3580 Jamli and CH-3000m. The area along the (5.05 km) project road is not flood prone. • No tree need to be felled • Suggestion from local villages - road should be constructed from back side of Jamli School so that the playground of school may remain intact. • Road is passing through agri. land Sehore • 7 cross drainages along the project Sehore road namely at CH-1200m, CH- Jute Geo Shyampur Road 1400m, CH-1500m, CH-1700, CH- Textile To Gulkhedi 2000m, CH-2100m, CH-2500m. (3.25 km) • 8 no. of trees are required to be felled. • Requirement of shifting of Electric poll Sehore at CH-2000m. • Flat agricultural land mainly Heerpur • Forest area starting from CH-9200m to (Ahamadpur CH- 12500 m on both sides. 3585 Road) To • One temple located at CH-7500m Satanwani (RHS, 4m from center line of the road) (13.9 km) • 30 no. of trees are required to be felled

• The road passing through agricultural land and barren land

• Two drainages crossing the road Bhadakhedi To namely at CH-500m and CH- 1000m. Sehore 3589 Mullani • The area along the project road is not

Sehore (1.10 km) flood prone • One temple located at CH-1100 m (RHS, 10 m from the center line of the road) – will be not affected

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Package Road Name District Block Salient Environmental Features No. (length) • Pond located at CH- 6000m (RHS, 35m from center line of road) and Dabri To Duka There is a small pond at CH-3000m Astha 3571 (6.3 km) (LHS, 20 m away form center line of the road)- no impact expected • 30 no. of trees are required to be felled

• Canal crosses the project road at CH- 6800m and one pond at CH – 700m (LHS, 20m away form the center line of Pali kunjapura the road). Also there are 3 drainages Jute Geo Road To cross the road at CH-1200m, 2200m Sheopur Textile Nagargawada and CH-3700m.

Sheopur Sheopur (7.70 km) • One temple located at CH-3500 (RHS, 5m from center line of the road) – shifting may required • 3 no. of trees are required to be felled.

• Forest area 30 m away from the project road • The road is passing through NH-25 To agricultural land and barren land Khoha • One temple located at Ch- 0 (RHS) 5m (6.30 km) from center of road) – shifting may be Karera required 4079 • No tree felling required NH-25 To • The road is passing through Kalithara agricultural land and barren land (1.50 km) • 10 nos. tree felling is required

Shivpuri Shivpuri Saliya Damron • No tree need to be felled To Chasusiia • Road is passing through agri. land (2.20 km) • One canal runs along the road from Satanwada Ch-0 to Ch-800m (approx.15 to 20 m Narwar Narwar away from the center line of the road) 4077 Bhitarwar Rd. • One temple located at Ch-750m (LHS, To Khyaoda 10 m from center line of the road.) (2.60 km) • No tree felling • Canal runs along the road from Ch- 2000m to Ch- 2500m (approximately 5 m away from center line of the road) and crosses at Ch-3000m- impact Magroni To should be mitigated 4077 Thati • One pond at Ch- 6000m – no impact (8.0 km) Narwar • One temple located along the road at CH-6000m (LHS, 200m from center line of road) • No tree need to be felled.

Shivpuri Khudawal • Agricultural and barren land Samuha To 4078 • No tree felling is required Kadora Imaliya (0.75 km) • The road is passing through Karai Road To Shivpuri agricultural land and barren land 4072 Kherona Jhiri • One temple located along the road at (8.3 km) Ch- 500m- no impact

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Package Road Name District Block Salient Environmental Features No. (length) Sikrawda To • The road passing through agricultural 4072 Gahloni land and barren land

(2.15 km) • No trees will be impacted Shivpuri • The road passing through agricultural land S.S Road To • Two temples located along the project Shivpuri 4070 Chhar road at CH- 5000m (RHS, 200m from (7.30 km) center line), CH-6000m (LHS, 100m from center line)

• The road passing through agricultural Rasoolpur land Klrarkhedi MDR • Two drainages crossing the project Basoda 4567 To Sairwasa road namely at CH-600m and CH-800 (7.88 km) m. • 2 No of tree are required to be felled. • Two drainages crossing the project SH-19 To road namely at CH-200m and CH- 4562 Parewara 1100m. (2.20 km) • 2 trees are required to be felled. • Forest area located CH-0m to 1500m, CH-2600m to 6600m and CH-8200m to 9800m. Jhukar Jogi To • Road passes through agricultural land 4559 Danwas (12.7 (CH-1500m to CH-2600m , CH-6600m km) to 7700m, CH-9800m to 11300m) • 15 nos. of trees are required to be felled. • Plateau is located from CH-300m to CH-400m

Vidisha • Barren forest land on both sides of the proposed road. SH-14 To • The road is passing through Lateri 4559 Masuri agricultural land mainly (1.20 km) • Four drainages located namely at CH- 100m, CH-300m, CH-600m and CH- 1000m. • No tree felling SH--14 To • The road is passing through 4561 Veerpur agricultural land (1.43 km) • No tree need to be felled. • Two drain crosses the project road at CH-0m and CH-4200m • Canal crosses the road at CH-2000m Hat To and river PALAK crosses the project Vidisha 4564 Sugnakhedi road at CH-3600 m. (4.68 km) • The area along the project road is not flood prone. • 80 no. of trees are required to be felled

2.7.3 Available Right of Way (ROW)

The existing width of tracks generally varies between 3-12 m in stretches passing through agricultural lands or habitations and 8-15m in stretches through the open lands / agricultural fields. As per the information available with MPRRA, in most of the roads the

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required ROW of 10-15m is available even in stretches passing through the agricultural lands. The ROW has been encroached and put to agricultural use by the adjacent landowners in some of the road construction proposals. In case of barren land there is no problem to get required alignment width.

The private landowners along the proposed right of way (ROW) are voluntarily parting the encroached land and in some cases parted even their own private land without any compensation, anticipating the developmental benefits from the road construction works. In case of construction works through the intermediate rural settlements / habitations the carriageway width is restricted to 3.75 m and sometimes a cement concrete pavement is considered in such cases.

The ROW requirement in built up area may be squeezed to 6 m along with the drain and for these stretches, a provision of service lane before and after the stretch in both direction has been proposed.

2.7.4 Alignment and profile

The existing road is generally earthen track with some stretches of moorum in poor condition. Thus the project road is a new connectivity road. The existing Right of Way (ROW) is varying from 3.0 m to 6.0 m.

The construction works are to be confined to the existing alignment. The existing horizontal and vertical alignment / profile will be generally maintained except for minor smoothening or corrections to sustain consistent design speed without causing any land acquisition requirements and thereby the possible social and/or environmental concerns.

2.7.5 Traffic

The present traffic data on each of these rural roads typically vary between 10-15 vehicles per day on most of the rural stretches. The traffic largely comprises motor cycles/two wheelers, tractors, light commercial vehicles, animal drawn carts and bicycles.

2.7.6 Economic Assessment

The economic analysis carried out under the project has indicated that the rural road construction works will act as a catalyst for the rural economic growth and poverty alleviation of the community in the region.

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SECTION 3: DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 GENERAL

The baseline environment of the study area1 along with environmental profile within the corridor of impact (COI) of the project roads are given in this section.

3.2 PHYSICAL RESOURCES

3.2.1 Topography, geology and soil

Madhya Pradesh the second largest state of the country has a geographic area of 30.82 million hectare, which constitutes 9.37% of the land area of the country. “Madhya Pradesh” by virtue of its geographical location can be termed as “Heart of India”. The project area lies between latitude 230 25' North and longitude 80021' and 81023' East. The life line of State is river “Narmada” which runs from East to West between Vindhya & Satpura ranges. Madhya Pradesh is surrounded by in the West, in the North-West, in the North-East, Chattisgarh in the East and Maharashtra in the South. Landlocked in the central part of the country, Madhya Pradesh has a topography that is crossed from north to south by plains separated by upland areas. Geographically the state is divided as northern plains, hilly region of Vindhyas, Narmada Valley, Pleateau and plains of Chattisgarh. Ground elevation in the project region varies from 500 m to 750 m above mean sea level.

The soils of state are rich and fertile. The state has a variety of soils ranging from rich clayey to gravely. The major groups of soils found in the state can be divided in to following four categories i.e. alluvial, medium & deep black; shallow & medium black; and mixed red & black. Categorically state has two agro-climatic zones namely (i) Central Plateau & Hill Region and (ii) Western Plateau & Hill Region. These two zones have been further sub-grouped and the description regarding area and its soil & geological features is given in Table 3.1 below:

Table 3.1: Geological features of the State

Zone Sub-group District covered Rainfall Climate Type of Soil (Region) (mm) Chattarpur, Datia, Dry sub- Mixed red & 700 Tikamgarh humid Black Chhattisgarh Moist sub- , Dindori 1570 Red & Yellow Hills humid Keymore , Panna, Satna, Plateau & Rewa, Sidhi, Seoni, Dry sub- Satpura Katni, Balaghat, 1100 Medium Black humid Hills Shahdol, Anooppur, Central Umariya Plateau Vindhya , Damoh, , Dry sub- Shallow to and Hill 1130 Plateau Sagar, Sehore, Vidisha humid Medium Black Region Satpura Betul, Chhindwara, Dry sub- Shallow to 1220 Plateau Narsinghpur humid Medium Black Central Dry sub- Narmada Hosangabad, Harda 1300 Deep Black humid Valley Gird Morena, , Medium Black Gwalior, Guna, Shivpuri, 670 Semi-arid alluvial Ashoknagar, Sheopur

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Zone Sub-group District covered Rainfall Climate Type of Soil (Region) (mm) Medium to deep Jhabua Hills Jhabua 988 Semi-arid black Western , , , Plateau Ratlam, , Malwa & and Hill Mandsaur, Rajgarh, Medium to Nimar 874 Semi-arid Region Shajapur, Khandwa, deep black Plateau Khargone, Neemuch, Badwani, Burhanpur

The geological map of the project districts and state as a whole is given in Figure 3.1.

Figure 3.1: Geographical Map of Madhya Pradesh

3.2.2 Earthquake Zone / Sensitivity

Earthquake History In peninsula India the state of Madhya Pradesh, along with Gujarat and Maharashtra, has suffered from frequent earthquakes, both deadly and damaging, although not located on or near any plate boundaries. All the earthquakes here, as in all of peninsula India, are intraplate events. Most of the activity is confined to the Narmada-Son fault zone which runs across the state. Several faults have been identified in this region out of which many show evidence of movement during the Holocene epoch. Among them and the most prominent is the Narmada-Son South Fault zone that runs from near Khargaon in western Madhya Pradesh in an east-northeasterly direction right upto the Rihand reservoir in southern Jharkhand in the east. The Gavilgadh Fault extends from near Bhusawal in Maharashtra and extends up to in Madhya Pradesh. In the north, the Great Boundary Fault runs along the river which forms the state border with Rajasthan. This fault has repeatedly reactivated in the past changing the course of the Chambal and Yamuna rivers. However, it must be stated that proximity to faults does not necessarily translate into a higher hazard as compared to areas located further away, as damage from earthquakes depends on numerous factors such as subsurface geology as well as adherence to the building codes. Technical Support Consultants 15 Operations Research Group Pvt. Ltd

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Seismic Hazard

The seismic hazard map of India was updated in 2000 by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Apart from the merging of Zones I and II into Zone II in the latest map, there are no major changes from the BIS 1984 map. Zone III stretches across the length of the state, and includes all the districts that lie in the Narmada and Son Valleys, where the maximum expected intensity is VII (MSK). The rest of the state, i.e. north and south of the Narmada-Son Valleys, including the capital, Bhopal, lie in Zone II, where the maximum expected intensity is VI (MSK). Since the earthquake database in India is still incomplete, especially with regards to earthquakes prior to the historical period (before 1800 A.D.), these zones offer a rough guide of the earthquake hazard in any particular region and need to be regularly updated

According to GSHAP data, the state of Madhya Pradesh falls in a region of low to moderate seismic hazard. As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) map, Madhya Pradesh also falls in Zones II & III. Historically, parts of this state have Figure 3.2 Classifications of Earthquake experienced seismic activity in the M 5.0- Zones of Madhya Pradesh 6.0 range.

3.2.3 Climate

The region experiences typical tropical climate. It is characterized by hot summer season and general dryness except in the southwest monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons. The cold season from December to February is followed by the hot season from March to about the middle of June. The period from mid-June to September is the southwest monsoon season. October and November constitute the post monsoon or retreating monsoon season. The maximum temperature during summers ranges from 33ºC to 47ºC while minimum temperature from 30ºC to 19ºC. The Temperature during the winter season ranges between of 27ºC to 2ºC. The monsoon season spreads from the month of June to September with average rainfall of 1000 mm in the west to 2000 mm in the eastern part of state. The mean annual rainfall in the state is 1200 mm. The salient climatic features of the state are as fallow:

Average Annual Rainfall - 1200 mm Concentration of precipitation - June to September Humidity - 25 to 75 % Cloudiness - Heavily clouded in monsoon Wind - Generally light Mean Temperature - Summer: 290C, Winter: 90C

3.2.4 Land Use

The most of the geographical area (307560 sq. km i.e. about 98 percent) of the state is available for utilization. This means about 98 percent of the land area in the state in available under various land uses. Major portion of the land use is under agriculture followed by forest cover (about 49 percent). About 28 percent area is under forest cover. Agriculture is the major land use in state followed by forests. The area under various land uses in the state is presented in the Table 3.2. Land use pattern along the project road is also mixed type dominated by agriculture, barren and residential areas.

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Table 3.2: Land Use Pattern in the State

Land Use Area in ‘000 ha Percentage Total Geographical area 30,824 - Reporting Area for land utilization 30,756 100.00 Forests * 8,688 28.25 Not available for cultivation 3,364 10.94 Permanent Pasture & Grazing land 1,341 4.36 Land under misc. tree crops & groves 20 0.06 Cultivable waste land 1,175 3.82 Fallow land other than current fallows 596 1.94 Current fallows 596 1.94 Net area Sown 14,975 48.69

3.2.5 Water Resources and Water Quality

Two facts of the vital importance need to be mentioned about state. Firstly, the land of Madhya Pradesh is criss-crossed by India’s four major rivers namely Narmada, Tapti, Sone and Mahanadi along-with their numerous tributaries. Secondly, the state is sitting a top the largest coal reserves of India. These are the two commodities which alone can keep the wheel of progress turning. Availability of water in the state from major rivers of the state is more than 81000 million cubic meters out of which approximately 56857 million cubic meters i.e. 69.74% had already been utilized.

The rural road construction proposals are normally cross small drainage channels, which eventually join the major channels/rivulets. All of these channels generally remain dry for most part of the year and drain the storm water for few weeks only during or after the monsoon.

Several hand operated tube wells/wells are seen alongside of the existing tracks in many of the proposed road construction proposals. These tube wells appear to be serving as the main source of drinking water for rural communities in the region. . 3.2.6 Ambient Air Quality

The Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Board maintain database on the ambient air quality of the state. However, such database is limited to major cities/ urban centres and some selected industrial areas. No secondary data is available for the project districts particularly representing the rural areas.

Along the proposed road construction proposals, neither there is any industrial activity nor significant vehicular traffic contributing to air pollution. Therefore the ambient air quality is expected to be within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for all parameters2 excepting the dust or particulate matter. The occasional vehicular movement on unpaved roads lead to formation of dust clouds over short periods The airborne dust increases the concentration of both the Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM< 10 micron) beyond the limits of the NAAQS.

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3.2.7 Ambient Noise Quality

Similar to the database on air quality, the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution control Board maintain a database on the ambient noise levels for major cities/urban centres and some selected industrial areas. No secondary data is available for the project districts particularly representing the rural areas. Along the proposed road construction proposals, neither there is significant industrial activity nor significant vehicular traffic contributing to ambient noise levels. The occasional vehicular movement on the unpaved roads contributes to increased noise levels over short duration limited to daytime. The existing roads do not appear to have vehicular traffic in the night time. Therefore the ambient noise levels are expected to be within the National Ambient Noise Standards.

3.3 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES

3.3.1 Vegetation

Variability in climatic and edaphic conditions brings about significant difference in the forest types of the state. There are four important forest types viz. Tropical Moist, Tropical Dry, Tropical Thorn, Subtropical broadleaved Hill forests. The forest area can also be classified based on the composition of forest and terrain of the area. Based on composition, there are three important forest formations namely Teak forest, Sal forest and miscellaneous Forests. Bamboo bearing areas are widely distributed in the state. To obviate pressure on the natural forests, plantations have been undertaken in forest and non forest areas to supplement the availability of fuel wood, small timber, fodder etc. Madhya Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources and it is a reservoir of biodiversity. The forest area of the state is 8688 sq. km constituting 28.25% of the geographical area of the state. State covers about 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Legally this area has been classified into "Reserved Forest, Protected Forest and Unclassified Forest", which constitute 65.36%, 32.84% and 1.7% of the forest area respectively. Per capita forest area in the state is 0.16 ha. as against the national average of 0.07 ha.

The forest cover has been classified in dense forest and open forest. The latest estimates of Forest Survey of India (FSI), published in the State of Forest Report (SFR) 2003, suggest that the total forest cover of M.P. is 76,429 sq. km., which is 24.79% of the land area - dense forest constituting 13.57% and open forest 11.22%. In addition to these two categories of cover, the land having canopy cover of less than 10% is classified as scrub. The area under scrub is not included in the forest cover. Central, eastern and southern parts of the state are rich, whereas northern and western parts are deficient in forest. Figure 3.3 shows the forest map of the state.

The major species envisaged are of Babool, Liptis, Pipal, Neem, Jamun, Mango, Bargad, Shesham, Liptus, Mahua, Subabul, etc. along the project road.

3.3.2 Wildlife and Protected Area Network

Madhya Pradesh is a pioneer state in the national movement for conservation of flora and fauna. Conservation oriented legal provisions were made in the erstwhile Acts regulating hunting of game -birds and wild animals. In tune with the national consciousness towards conservation of flora and fauna the state government began setting up a network of in-situ conservation areas (national parks and sanctuaries) under the provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. There are 9 National Parks and 25 Sanctuaries spread over an area of 10,862 sq. km constituting 11.40% of the total forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of the state. Efforts are under way to increase the Protected Area network to 15% of the forest or 5% of the geographical area as suggested by State Wildlife Board.

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Figure 3.3: Forest Map of Madhya Pradesh

Table 3.3 shows the details of National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries of the State.

Table 3.3: Detail of Protected Areas in Madhya Pradesh

National Parks Wildlife Sanctuaries Name Area (sq. km) Name Area (sq. km) 1. Kanha 940 1. Bori 646 2. Bandhavgarh 446 2. Bagdara 478 3. Panna 543 3. Phen 111 4. Pench 292.85 4. Ghatigaon 511 5. Satpura 524 5. Gandhisagar 369 6. Sanjay 1471 6. Karera 202 7. Madhav 156 7. Ken Ghariyal 45 8. Vanvihar 4.45 8. Kheoni 123 9. Fossil 0.27 9. Narsinghgarh 57 10. N. Chambal 435 11. Nauradehi 1197 12. Pachmari 417 13. Panpatha 249 14. Kuno 345 15. Pench 449 16. Ratapani 435 17. Sanjay Dubri 365 18. Singhori 288 19. Son Ghariyal 209 20. Sardapur 348 21. Sailana 13 22. Ralamandal 5 23. Orchha 46 24. Gangau - 25. V. Durgawati 24 Source: Office of the Chief Wildlife Warden, Forest Department, Madhya Pradesh

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The project region has rich flora and fauna and does not pass through Wildlife Sanctuary/National Park.

3.4 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

This section presents the demographic and socio-economic conditions of the State. The information relevant to the socio-economic indicators i.e. demographic, poverty, agriculture, fisheries, industries, energy, transport etc. has been included.

3.4.1 Demography

Madhya Pradesh is a land-locked state in the central part of country with a population of about 60.3 million with more than about 74 percent of the population living in the rural areas. The human population density is 196 persons/km2 compared to 313 persons/km2 for the entire country. Sex ratio is 919 against the 933 in the country. The demographic feature of Madhya Pradesh is unique in that there are many recognized tribes (about 40 percent of country), which inhabit mostly the remote areas and each with distinct culture, ethos, and traditional knowledge systems. The major tribal groups in the state namely Gonds, Bhils and Oraons. The majority of the people survive on subsistence economy based mainly on the agriculture, supplemented with forest produces, animal husbandry, crafts/handloom, etc. Table 3.4 below presents the demographic features of the state.

Table 3.4: Demographic Features of Madhya Pradesh and Country as per 2001 census

Sl. No. Feature Madhya Pradesh All India 1 Geographical Area (sq.km) 3,08,245 32,87,240 2 Total Population 6,03,48,023 1,02,86,10,328 3 Male Population 3,14,43,652 532,156,772 4 Female Population 2,89,04,371 496,453,556 5 Rural Population 4,43,80,878 742,490,639 6 Urban Population 1,59,67,145 286,119,689 7 Density 196 313 8 Sex ratio (female/1000 male) 919 933 9 Literacy (%) 63.7 64.8 10 Male (%) 76.1 75.3 11 Female (%) 50.3 53.7 Source: 1) Census Data, Census of India, 2001

The Net Domestic Product of the state was Rs.112859 crore in the year 2006-07. A stagnant agriculture sector combined with poor industrial activity has severely limited employment opportunities outside the government. This has also put the government under fiscal stress as expenditure on wages and salaries including pensions and interest payments consume almost half of the total government expenditure.

3.4.2 Agriculture and Forestry

Agriculture is the basis of State's economy. Less than half of the land area is cultivable; however its distribution is quite uneven because of variations in topography, rainfall, and soils. The main cultivated areas are found in the Chambal valley, the Malwa Plateau, the Rewa Plateau, and the Chhattisgarh Plain. The Narmada valley, covered with river-borne alluvium is another fertile area.

In 2006-07 the State is at present producing about 24.9 million tones of food grains (comprising Cereals 8.83 million tones and 6.58 million tones of Pulses) and about 4.8 million tones of total Oilseed (Soybean Production is 4.78 million tonnes). In the production level the State was contributing about 20% growth in Cereals and Pulses.

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The Contribution in national oilseed Production is about 22.1%. Thus the State is the highest producer of Pulses and second oilseed producer in the country in 2006-07. Madhya Pradesh is predominantly Kharif Crops growing State. Kharif Crops (03-04) occupies about 58.4 % whereas Rabi Crops occupies about 41.6% area out of the total cropped area in the State. About 41% of cropped area generally occupied by cereal crops, while pulses occupied 20% area and oilseed occupied about 30% area. Rest 9% area is occupied by Vegetables, fruits, fodder and other horticultural crops.

3.4.3 Fisheries

The state has potential for fisheries by enhancement of ponds, irrigation reservoirs, other water resources, the rivers. The fish production for the year 2006-07 was 66.04 thousand metric tonne where as the production in 2005-06 was 61.08 thousand metric tonnes. It shows the growth in production of fish by 8-9%.

The important fishes commonly found in the region’s plain and river basins are Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Labeio calbase, Cirrihinus mirigale, Clarius, batrachus, Rita rita, Heteropneuptus fonilis, Notopterus nontopterus, N. Chitala, Macrobrachum rosenbergii, M. malconsoni, M. Chapral, Channa punetatus C. gaehua, C. striatus.

3.4.4 Transportation

Transportation system is a key factor in the socio-economic development of any state. In comparison with other Indian states, Madhya Pradesh is poorly served with transport and communications facilities. State has about 21 km of roads per 100 sq. km, as amongst an all India average of 62 km per 100 sq. km. The road network is seriously deficient both in the quantum network connectivity as well as in riding quality of the roads, mainly the state highways, district roads and village roads. The main railroads that pass through the state were originally laid down to connect the ports of Madras, Mumbay, and Kolkatta with their hinterlands. Important railway junctions include Bhopal, Ratlam, Khandwa, Itarsi and Katni. Also connecting the state with other parts of India are airports at Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore, Jabalpur, Rewa, and Khajuraho, as well as several national highways.

3.4.5 Mineral Resources

Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals, though these resources have not yet been fully exploited. There are large reserves of coal and important deposits of iron ore, manganese ore, bauxite, limestone, dolomite, copper, fireclay, and china clay. Diamond reserves at Panna are of particular interest. There are 24 Cement factories in the state. The state is thus one of the largest producers of cement in the country. The reserves of dolomite (66 million tonnes), fuller’s earth (1.2 lakh million tonnes), clay (12030 million tonnes), limestone, quartz etc. reported in project area. Important mineral resources of the Madhya Pradesh are shown in Figure 3.4.

3.4.6 Industrial Situation

The major industries of the state are electronics, telecommunications, petrochemicals, food processing and automobiles. The state has also taken a lead in the production of cement. The state is also famous for its traditional handicrafts and handlooms manufactured at Chanderi and . The major industrial units in the state include Cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Print, Sugar etc. Project area is devoid of industries.

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Figure 3.4: Mineral Map of Madhya Pradesh

3.4.7 Cultural and Religious Resources

The state of Madhya Pradesh has great cultural value. Festivals and cultural activities are being celebrated throughout the year in the state. Specific events are being organised by tribal communities i.e. Gonds, Bhils, and Banjaras, throughout the year. The state has several well-known annual cultural events, such as Kalidas Samaroh (for performing and fine arts) in Ujjain, Tansen Samaroh (music) in Gwalior, and a dance festival in Khajuraho, where artists from all over India participate. The state has important yearly religious melas (gatherings) in Mandasor and Ujjain, as well as the religious Dashhara festival in the Bastar region.

Among the temples known throughout the world for their erotic art are those at Khajuraho in the in the north of the state; dating from AD 1000, they were built by the Chandela kings. The temples at Gwalior and in its vicinity should also be mentioned. The palaces and mosque at Mandu (near Dhar), the majestic Bandhogarh built in the 14th century, and the --perhaps the most impressive of the residences of the former princes of Madhya Pradesh--represent other notable architectural achievements.

There are few temples are located along the project roads. In some cases those need to be shifted.

3.4.8 Energy and Electric Power Potential

The state is well endowed with potential hydroelectric power. Main hydroelectric projects (jointly developed with other states) are the Babanthadi with Maharashtra, the Ban Sagar with Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the Chambal Valley with Rajasthan, the Narmada Sagar with Gujarat and Rajasthan, and the Rajghat and Urmil with Uttar Pradesh. The Hasdeo Bango, Bargi, and Birsinghapur thermal power projects are also within the state.

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Installed power capacity of Madhya Pradesh is 6305 MW, of which 2990 MW is produced from state’s own projects, 1599 MW from joint-venture projects and 1716 MW from the central sector allocation. Per capita electricity consumption in the state is 270 Kwh About 97.43% villages in the state have been electrified. Some 50,474 villages have already been electrified in Madhya Pradesh. Total of 13,40,123 pumps have so far been energized (up to the end of 2005-2006) while 21,499 Dalit basties have been electrified by the end of Mar’ 2006.

3.4.9 Education and Health Facilities

The project areas belong to rural area of state and have limited educational facilities. There are few schools exist along the project road.

During site visit it was recorded that no as such health care facility is available along road.

3.5 OTHER FACIITIES – QUALITY OF LIFE

3.5.1 Roadside Sanitation

The local bodies and the State Governments have constructed tube wells/ dug wells along side of the existing unpaved roads/ tracks, particularly near habitations to meet the water supply needs of community. These have been provided with a platform around the tube well, which connect to nearest pit through a lined open drain. The drains appear to be of standard type design and often do not connect up to the nearest pits as per specific site requirements or the pits are often seen to be overflowing without proper drainage leading to improper and unsatisfactory sanitary conditions in and around the tube wells. In few roads un satisfactory sanitation condition is noted.

This situation prevails not only near tube wells along the proposed road construction proposals but also in many other tube wells along side of other roads in the region. At times, the over flowing pits or clogged drains near the tube wells pose a threat to road condition and damage the bituminous surface along with base and sub base layers of the road. Several such instances of damaged pavement due to improper sanitary condition of the nearby tube wells have been seen along the roads in the project region.

3.5.2 Road Cutting Along Rural Road Proposals

During the field investigations, it has been observed that along many stretches of the road construction proposals agricultural landowners across the tracks appear to share the water for irrigation purposes. The tube well water from one side of the track is taken to other side through pipes beneath the track by making a temporary incision at the road/track surface. This appears to be a very common practice in most of the districts and instances of even digging up bitumen paved roads is seen at several places for taking the pipes across the road.

This practice of the local people requires to be addressed during the project preparation of construction works so that the incisions on the newly constructed roads could be prevented and prolong the life of the new road construction works.

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SECTION 4: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 GENERAL

The environmental impacts due to construction of rural roads particularly along existing alignment induce relatively less adverse Impacts as compared to construction along new alignments. The impacts due to construction of rural roads can be largely mitigated through engineering designs. Good construction practices accompanied by appropriate environmental mitigation measures or Environmental Code of Practices. The screening of potential impacts due to the rural road construction works in Madhya Pradesh along with the appropriate mitigation measures (wherever applicable) are summarized under the following different stages.

ƒ Environmental Problems due to Project Location ƒ Environmental Problems Related to Design ƒ Environmental Problems Associated with Construction Stage ƒ Environmental Problems Resulting in Project Operations ƒ Potential Environmental Enhancement Measures ƒ Additional Considerations

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DUE TO PROJECT (ROAD) LOCATION

4.2.1 National Parks/Wild Life Sanctuaries

Potential Impacts: Out of the 39 nos. of sample rural road construction works in 8 districts, none are passing through the National Parks/wild life sanctuaries.The current environmental regulations of the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India does not permit development activity within the National Parks/Wild Life sanctuaries that are not in consonance of section 29 of Wild Life Act 1972.

Mitigation: As none of the construction proposals are through the National parks/ sanctuaries, no environmental/ecological threat to any National Park/ Wildlife sanctuaries are perceived due to the location of any of the 39 nos. (179 km, 10% of the total length) sample roads. Further, the rest of the roads under batch V and subsequent batches that pass through sanctuaries, national parks or roads that will affect the movement or life of endangered species will be excluded and not considered under the ADB loan assistance program.

4.2.2 Archaeological/ Heritage Monuments

Potential Impacts & Mitigation: Although, Madhya Pradesh is known to have several archaeological and historical/ protected heritage monuments spread all over the state, none of them are situated within 5 km on each side from the sample rural roads of 179 km. Therefore no environmental impacts are envisaged on the Archaeological/Heritage Monuments due to the location of road construction proposals. In case, archaeological/ heritage monuments are situated within 5 km on each side from the sample rural roads of 179 km (39 nos.) of the remaining 1614 km (350 nos.) of roads in the fifth batch and roads that will be taken up under the subsequent batches, the Department of Archaeology, Government of Madhya Pradesh will be consulted for seeking the required regulatory clearances including any preventive measures that may be required for protection of the monuments during construction phase.

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4.2.3 Natural Habitat/Nature reserves

Potential Impacts: None of the sample rural roads are within 5 km on each side from natural habitat/ nature reserves notified by the Government of India. Therefore no environmental/ecological threat to any Natural Habitat/Nature reserves is perceived due to the location of road construction proposals.

Mitigation: As none of the proposals is either passing through or within 5 km on each side from the sample rural roads of 179 km of Natural habitat/nature reserves notified by Government of India. Therefore, no ecological threat to any Natural habitats/ nature reserves is perceived due to the location of any of the 39 nos. sample roads. Further, the remaining 1614 km (350 nos.) of roads in the fifth batch and roads that will be taken up under the subsequent batches that pass through natural habitat/ nature reserves or roads that will affect the movement or life of endangered species will be excluded and not considered under the ADB loan assistance program.

4.2.4 Reserve Forests/ Protected Forest and/or Unclassified Forest Areas/ Lands

Potential Impacts: Out of the 179 km of sample rural roads in 39 stretches, only 6 roads; 2 in , 1 in Datia district, 1 in and 2 in are passing through the social/ unclassified forest areas. In most of the cases forest plantations are located away from the impact zone, hence felling of trees are not required.

Mitigation: In case of road of above district it is noted that ROW for the proposed road is clear no impact on forest flora and that issues are jointly verified by Forest Department and PIU. Other than that no proposals are through the Reserve Forests/ Protected Forest and; or Unclassified Forest Areas/Lands, no environmental; ecological threat to any forest areas are foreseen due to the location of any of the 179 km sample roads. Further, In case of the remaining 1614 km of roads of fifth batch and roads that will be taken up under the subsequent batches, if the roads pass through reserve Forests/ protected forest and/or unclassified forest areas/lands, necessary permissions will be obtained from the Department of Forests, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh and Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.

The road construction works through forest land and causing diversion of forestland to non-forestry activities comes under the purview of Forest Conservation Act 1980 of Government of India. Under this act, diversion of forestland for non-forestry activities will require prior mandatory clearances from the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India. The MPRRA (project implementation agency) will seek the required forest clearances in the prescribed format from Department of Forests, Government of Madhya Pradesh and Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India.

As per the current regulations, diversion of forest land for non-forestry activities will be considered based on several factors like legal status of forest, extent of the land to be diverted, ecological sensitivity, whether the forest land forms a part of National Park or Wild life Sanctuary among others. The clearance will be given depending upon the merit of case with a stipulation that the concerned project implementation authorities will be required to compensate for afforestation of any other degraded forest in the region twice to the extent of forestland to be diverted for non-forestry purposes. The Department of Forests, of State Government will identify suitable degraded forest in the same region or elsewhere and take up the compensatory afforestation, which shall be funded by the Project Implementation Agency.

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4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DUE TO PROJECT (ROAD) DESIGN

4.3.1 Embankment construction

Potential Impacts & Mitigation: Generally road construction proposals follow the existing alignment of the unpaved roads with minor smoothening of horizontal and vertical alignment/profiles.

Assessment of the present road conditions and the construction proposals indicates that no major embankment construction (embankment height greater than 12m) will be required in any of the sample rural roads construction works. The proposals are also consciously confined to the existing alignment with minor corrections for vertical/horizontal profile In order to minimize environmental and social Impacts. Therefore no major Impacts are foreseen due to the road construction proposals.

4.3.2 Soil erosion

Potential Impacts: The soil in the study area is shallow to medium black alluvial-clayey loam. Erosion will be exacerbated if the vegetation is removed from the sides since roots are known to hold soil together. This will however be for the duration until the compensatory afforestation and roadside turfing have matured. In stretches where raised carriageway has been planned, slope protection measures are required.

To prevent the eroded material from entering the watercourse, silt fencing and/or sand bags can be provided at the end of ditches or cascade arrangements can be provided at the end of ditches as they enter the watercourse. While the former requires frequent cleaning to prevent built-up, the voids in the cascade will be filled up by eroded material and eventually vegetation will be established there.

No soil erosion is envisaged when the road is in operation as all the slopes and embankments of the project road shall be stabilised through sound engineering techniques and checks will be made that the works have been carried out to the required standard.

Soil erosion results in the loss of soil cover, slope stability and addition of sediment loading to drainage channels. The problem of soil erosion is likely to be more pronounced during the construction stage along bridge-end fills, over steep banks and embankment slopes.

Mitigation Measures

The slope of the road embankment has been fixed at 1:2, which is stable and reduces the possibilities of slope failures. This protection will mainly be provided at approaches of major and minor bridges. The slope protection will be done in accordance with recommended practice. For treatment of embankment slopes for erosion control, IRC: 56-1974. All the culverts to be constructed as cross drainage structures, the slopes will be protected by turfing with grasses and shrubs.

To check the slope stabilisation of the borrow pits adjacent to the embankment, the depth of the pit will be so regulated that the bottom edge of pit shall not intersect the imaginary line of slope 1:4 drawn from the top edge of the nearest embankment. To avoid embankment slippage and erosion, borrow pits shall not be dug continuously.

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4.3.3 Clearing of vegetation

Potential Impacts & Mitigation: The vegetative cover/trees within the right of way will be impacted due to clearing operations of the right of way for road construction works. 50% of sample roads have trees on either side of the tracks. Most of the trees within the right of way do not have any significant ecological and/or commercial value but appear to have planted by the adjacent landowners and often perceived as boundary to their private lands.

The clearing of trees within the ROW will have a visible impact on the road users and also temporarily upon the tree dwelling fauna. The clearing operations of the right of way will not have any impact on wild life species, threatened or endangered spices as these are not known to occur along the ROW.

Mitigation: The impacts due to tree clearing operations of the right of way can be retrieved by re-plantation of the corridor. As per the regulations of the State Forest Department, prior approvals are to be sought for tree felling. The approvals for tree felling particularly for road construction works are generally issued by the Department of Forests with a stipulation that at least three new saplings are to be planted for every tree felled and maintained for three years. The cost of re-plantation of the corridor including maintenance up to 3 years will be borne by Gram Panchayat from their annual action plan budget. Convergence of NAREGA with tree plantation along PMGSY roads are under active consideration by various State Governments. The selection of species will be finalized in consultation with the Forest Department, Government of Madhya Pradesh.

The Impacts due to tree felling within the right of way is applicable to both the 179 km sample roads and all the subsequent batches including the balance 1614 km (350 nos.) road of the batch V.

4.3.4 Cross Drainage

Potential Impacts: None of the rural road construction proposals (179 km, 39 different stretches/locations) are across any major river within their respective river basins. However, road proposals cross several small drainage channels, Minor River which are non-perennial and drain the storm water for few weeks only during or after the monsoon. In few cases natural drainage system is exist along the road alignment.

Mitigation: The project preparation of the road proposals has considered cross drainage structures like hume pipe, RCC or slab culverts and minor bridges/cause way in some cases at all such locations to ease the storm discharge during or after the monsoon.

4.3.5 Roadside Sanitation

Potential Impacts: The local bodies and the State Governments have constructed tube wells along the existing roads particularly near habitations to meet the water supply needs of community. These have been provided with a platform around the tube well, which connects to nearest pit through a lined open drain. The drains appear to be of standard type design and often do not connect up to the nearest pits as per specific site requirements or the pits are often seen to be overflowing without proper drainage leading to improper and unsatisfactory sanitary conditions in and around the tube wells.

Mitigation: Provision of adequate sanitary arrangements with lined drains connecting up to the nearest natural drain or the roadside drains constructed, as a part of road construction proposal will improve the sanitary conditions around the tube wells. A cost provision for such arrangement has been made under Environmental Management Action Plan.

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4.3.6 Road cutting for Conveyance of Irrigation Pipes

Potential Impacts: Along many stretches of the road construction proposals, agricultural landowners across the existing roads appear to share the water for irrigation purposes. The tube well water from one side of the road is taken to other side through pipes beneath the road by making a temporary incision at the road surface. Even instances of digging up bitumen-paved roads could be seen at: several places for taking the pipes across the road. Such practice will damage the newly improved road if not addressed during the project preparation of construction works.

Mitigation: The practice of digging the roads for taking the pipes across the road can be prevented by laying 150/300 mm diameter cement concrete pipes at regular intervals to serve as ducts, particularly along stretches having agricultural land on one or either side. This will provide an option to take the irrigation water pipes can be taken across the road through these ducts without road cutting and prevent unwarranted digging of roads. In addition, the village community leaders are to be encouraged to form a watchdog committee to safeguard against un-warranted digging of roads for laying pipes or for any other reasons, unless it is utmost essential. Moreover community consultation during design stage for selection of location of pipe crossing will protect the practice of road cutting.

4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH PROJECT (ROAD) CONSTRUCTION

4.4.1 Geology / Stone Quarries

Potential Impacts: The quantity of stone aggregates for road construction works conforming to specifications are to be sourced from either the existing or the new quarry sites and hauled to work sites through existing roads. Material resource map has been developed by few PIUs, which are extremely valuable. The short term secondary potential impacts for violation of specification for collection of aggregates are, ƒ Sourcing of stone aggregates from unapproved/unlicensed quarries, which is not acceptable ƒ Establishment of illegal quarries without obtaining proper statutory clearances, which is also not acceptable ƒ Injuries and health problems of workers due to lack of proper occupational health and safety equipments

Impact Mitigation: Quarry operations in the region/ state are regulated by the state department and require license and compliance of the state environmental regulations. Nonetheless, implementation of the following measures will limit or mitigate the impacts:

ƒ Aggregates are to be sourced only from the approved/licensed quarry sites, complying the local/ state environmental and other applicable regulations' ƒ At times the contractors may set up their own quarries and/ or aggregate crushing units in nearby areas to the construction sites. Any such practice shall have a consent or No Objection Certificate from the State Pollution Control Board ƒ Occupational safety procedures/practices for the work force should be in place at all quarries as per local regulations ƒ Quarry and crushing units should have adequate dust suppression measures like water sprinklers in work areas and along approach roads to quarry sites. All the work personnel likely to be exposed heavy dust levels shall be provided with dust masks

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ƒ The quarries shall have valid environmental compliance certificates obtained from the state pollution control board from time to time ƒ Water tankers with suitable sprinkling system are to be deployed along the haulage roads. Water shall be sprinkled regularly to suppress the airborne dust due to the dumper/truck movement. The required frequency is to be determined as per site conditions. ƒ Trucks/ dumpers deployed for the material transportation are to be spillage proof. In any case, all haul roads are to be inspected at least once daily to clear accidental spillage, if any; ƒ Material stacking sites are to be access controlled for unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and stray animals;

4.4.2 Hydro-geology/Ground Water

Potential Impacts: The construction water requirement of the road construction works is likely to be met partly through ground water. Therefore, the potential impacts, if any will be from the use of ground water having poor quality (below the specified standard) for the meeting the water requirements of construction works, sprinkling of water for dust suppression, stabilization of embankments/ shoulders, watering of roadside re- plantations, water for the work force camps, and alike.

Selection of location of tube wells for ground water withdrawal is important. Utilisation of ground water from community tube well and continuous withdrawal from agricultural tube wells will have social impairment. An assessment of the construction water demand and the available/ recommended ground water yield/potential of the project region indicate that use of ground water for rural road construction works will not have any significant impacts on the geo-hydrological resources of the region.

Impact Mitigation: Although, the impacts may not be significant due to use of ground water for rural road construction works, following preventive measures are suggested

ƒ Ensure prior approvals are obtained from State Ground Water Authorities, for the construction of new tube/bore wells wherever required ƒ If the water is sourced from existing agricultural tube wells, the contractor must perform a yield test on such wells and the source are to be used under approval of MPRRA. In addition the owner of tube well is to be clearly informed of the implications of water withdrawal in excess quantities than usual) and a written consent is to be obtained ƒ The contractor must be encouraged to source water from more than one agricultural tube well and such tube wells shall be at least 300m away from each other ƒ Extreme precaution is to be exercised while finalizing the locations of new tube/bore wells (wherever applicable); the wells shall be away (at least 300m) from the existing tube wells particularly those which are meeting the daily needs of communities ƒ Under no circumstances the contractor is to be allowed to source water from tube wells, which are being used by the community for their daily needs ƒ The wells constructed for the works are to be left in good working condition for the use of the local community (wherever applicable)

4.4.3 Soil/ Borrow Areas

Potential Impacts: The road construction works will require significant quantities of good quality earth for embankment construction and other components of the road construction as per the engineering design. Technical Support Consultants 29 Operations Research Group Pvt. Ltd

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The project preparation of rural roads has identified all such potential areas for borrowing including assessing the suitability of the material. In certain situations, contractors also negotiate with the local villagers to lease or outright purchase of agricultural lands for mining the earth. Borrowed earth is to be transported to construction sites through existing roads. Borrowing and hauling operations are to be regulated to contain impacts. The potential impacts for improper borrow earth collection are, ƒ Loss of topsoil due to improper preservation of top soil having rich in organic matter ƒ Improper cutting of earth without maintaining slope may result erosion of nearby soil ƒ Collection of borrow earth by unauthorized equipment (having no PUC certification), which is against the guidelines

Impact Mitigation: Impacts due to borrowing earth can be significantly mitigated by the following measures:

ƒ Detailed investigations are to be carried out by the contractor to identify the borrow options/areas. The borrow areas are to be approved by the respective PIUs not only for the material quality but also for its location. ƒ The contractor must the discouraged to use the agricultural land (either through lease or purchase) for borrowing the earth, until no feasible alterative options are available ƒ Within the identified borrow areas, the topsoil (upto 15-20cm) must be preserved and used for re-vegetation of borrowed areas. The actual extent of borrow area/zones to be excavated are to be demarcated with signboards and the operational areas are to be access controlled ƒ Borrowing areas are to be provided with gentle side slopes re-vegetated (to contain erosion and connected to nearest drainage channel to avoid the formation of cess-pools during / after rainy seasons) ƒ As per the current regulations, use of fly ash is mandatory for all construction works within a radius of 100 km from any thermal power plant. Therefore, fly ash will be used in all road construction works which are within the 100 km from thermal power stations. The Rural Road manual specifies design and construction procedures for construction of fly ash embankments ƒ All machinery and vehicles deployed in borrowing operations is to conform to the vehicle emission and noise regulations of the State Pollution Control Board ƒ Operations are to be limited to day hours only. Provisions of protective gears like earplugs are to be made available to the work force exposed to noise levels beyond the threshold limits. Rotation of personnel may be exercised as an alternative option. All operation areas are to be water sprinkled to contain dust levels to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards

4.4.4 Land Use

Potential Impacts: The road construction works will require clearing of right of way {ROW) i.e. 6 to 7 m on either side from the centerline of the present alignment. The land use pattern along the existing tracks is generally agriculture lands interspersed with rural habitations.

The cleaning of the ROW could have following impacts

ƒ Diversion of land under agricultural use ƒ Diversion of forestland (in specific cases) ƒ Loss of tree cover along the existing ROW

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Diversion of land under agricultural use: The clearing operations of the ROW will lead to permanent change in land use in some stretches of the road construction particularly along agricultural lands. The clearing operations for construction of 179 km (39 nos.) of roads will change the present land use, agriculture to road construction. The impact arising out of this change in land use is very negligible as compared to the benefits that can accrue from the road construction to the rural economy, benefits to the community in terms of easy and faster accessibility to better education, health facilities and poverty alleviation among others.

Generally private landowners along the proposed ROW are voluntarily parting their land and in many cases vacate the encroached government land along ROW without any demand for compensation anticipating the social benefits due to the road construction. The MPRRA currently implementing PMGSY works apparently have not faced any social resentment in this regard. In some cases, the assistance of District administration and community leaders has been sought and the matters have been sorted out without any legal channel or compensation. The issues arising out of this is separately addressed in the Social Impact Analysis under Social Assessment Report.

Diversion of Forest Land: Out of the 179 km of sample rural roads in 39 stretches, approx. 14 km of 6 roads (7.8%) is passing through the unclassified/social Forest Areas/Lands and social forestry land. As none of the proposals in the sample rural roads are passing through the Reserve Forests/ Protected Forest, no environmental / ecological threats to any forest areas are foreseen due to the construction of 179 km sample roads. Further, in case of the remaining 1614 km (350 nos.) of roads that will be taken up under the subsequent batches, if the roads pass through reserve Forests/ Protected forest and/ or unclassified forest areas/lands, necessary permissions will be obtained from the Department of Forests, Government of Madhya Pradesh and Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.

The road construction works through forest land causing diversion of forestland to non- forestry activities comes under the purview of Forest Conservation Act 1980 of Government of India. Under this act, diversion of forestland for non-forestry activities will require prior mandatory clearances from the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India. The project implementation agencies (MPRRA) will have to seek the required forest clearances in the prescribed format from the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India.

As per the current regulations, diversion of forest land for non forestry activities will be considered based on several factors like legal status of forest, extent of the land to be diverted, ecological sensitivity, whether the forest land forms a part of National Park or Wild life Sanctuary among others. Based on the current regulation, the proposed diversion of the forest land for these rural roads under the fifth batch should not be a problem for obtaining forest clearance, because those forest land affected has no ecological sensitive. However, it will require to be compensated either by afforestation of reforestation of any other degraded forest in the region. The compensation based on the current regulation will be twice to the extent of forestland to be diverted for non-forestry purposes. The Department of Forests, State Government will identify suitable degraded forest in the same region or elsewhere and take up the afforestation or reforestation, funded by the Project Implementation Agency (MPRRA).

Impact Mitigation: The impacts due to diversion of forest land/loss of tree cover can be retrieved through measures like compensatory afforestation of degraded forest in the same region and re-plantation of the ROW as already mentioned in the mentioned in the previous sub section. The loss of agricultural land although is minimal is irretrievable.

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The CGRRDA is obtaining a No Objection Certificate from State Forest Department. These were obtained for previous batches also. Other than this, establishment of camp sites for the work force, work sites, construction of road diversions during works also will lead to change in land use temporarily and limited to the construction stage and in the construction area. Adopting measures like cleaning of camp site through removal of solid and liquid waste, closure of diversion road will be required right after completion of construction.

4.4.5 Drainage

Potential Impacts: As mentioned in the previous sections, the project preparation has considered cross drainage structures (pipe / RCC or slab culverts and minor bridges in some cases) and therefore the road construction works will not alter and rather improve the existing drainage system of the region. During construction of road particularly CD the short term impact on drainage system will be due to excess sedimentation and pollution of water course.

Impact Mitigation: The cross drainage structures are scheduled for construction during dry season to avoid impacts on watercourses. Further the drainage channels on both upstream and down stream across the road works are to be cleaned for at least 50m on both upstream and downstream and restored to its previous state after completion of construction works.

4.4.6 Water Quality

Potential Impacts: Discharge of effluents from construction sites, liquid and solid waste discharges from POL3 storage areas, work force camps and all other operational areas may impact the water quality of the drainage channels if disposed off directly. As there are no perennial surface water bodies/drainage channels within 5 km on each side from the sample rural roads construction work, no such impacts are foreseen.

Impact Mitigation: Scheduling the construction works to non-monsoon months can prevent the impacts on water quality due to the discharge of effluents from construction and related sites. Disposal of solid and liquid waste disposal into dry channel beds is also to be strictly prohibited at any stage of the road construction.

The work force camps shall be provided with adequate septic tank and soak away pits so that the discharges from these areas do not impact the near by drainage channels. Similarly the discharge of liquid and solid waste from POL storage areas into the drainage channels is to be prohibited.

As the rural roads are not subjected to vehicular traffic carrying hazardous chemicals, the impacts on water courses/quality due to hazardous spills from accidents from vehicles carrying hydrocarbons, chemicals, acids and similar other substances are not foreseen. The impacts arising from wayside amenities are not foreseen as the rural road construction works does not have any provision for such facilities.

4.4.7 Terrestrial Flora & Fauna

Potential Impacts: The impacts on flora due to road construction can be categorised in to the following two types

ƒ Clearing of vegetation cover within the right of way ƒ Loss of forest land/cover due to diversion of forest land to road construction works

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Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

Clearing of vegetation: The vegetative cover within the right of way will be impacted due to clearing operations of the right of way for road construction works. 50% of road construction proposals have trees on either side of the tracks. Most of the trees within the right of way do not have any significant ecological and/or commercial value but appear to have been planted by the adjacent landowners and often perceived as boundary to their private lands.

The clearing of trees within the ROW will have a visible impact on the road users and also temporarily upon the tree dwelling fauna. The clearing operations of the right of way will not have any impact on wild life species, threatened or endangered spices as these are not known to occur along the ROW.

Impact Mitigation: The impacts due to tree clearing operations of the right of way can be retrieved by re-plantation of the corridor. As per the regulations of the State Forest Department, prior approvals are to be sought for tree felling. The approvals for tree felling particularly for road construction works are generally issued with a stipulation that at least three new saplings are to be planted for every tree felled and maintained for three years. The cost of re-plantation of the corridor including maintenance up to 3 years is to be borne by the project Implementation authorities/ Panchyat department under annual action plan budget. The selection of species will be finalized in consultation with the Department of Forests, Government of Madhya Pradesh and generally should represent the common trees of the project region as provided in section 3.3.

4.4.8 Aquatic Flora & Fauna

Potential Impacts: As mentioned under section 4.4.3, the road construction will also involve construction of drainage structures, which can be scheduled for dry season. Therefore the construction works will not induce any impacts on the aquatic flora & fauna in the region. The short term impact on aquatic faunal life could be due to excess sedimentation and other disturbances during construction of cross drainage structures.

Impact Mitigation: No mitigation measures are required except for cleaning of the channel beds up to 50m on both upstream and down stream sides and restoration to its previous state after completion of construction works.

4.4.9 Air quality

Potential Impacts: During the road construction works, dust and emissions from the construction equipment, hot mix plants and other vehicles deployed various construction activities are the major sources of air pollution. During the operation stage, vehicular emission is a major contributor to the air pollution both in urban and rural environment. The vehicular emissions are determined by several factors like fuel composition, level of engine maintenance, vehicle age, speed and congestion, traffic and road condition. Human health, terrestrial flora and faunal health are the most immediate receptors of the vehicular emissions.

The most notable beneficiaries will be women and children who are exposed to increased dust and other emissions due to poor condition of the present unpaved tracks.

Impact Mitigation: Air quality impacts during the construction stage are transitory in nature and can be largely mitigated by the measures described below

ƒ All construction equipment and machinery deployed shall be regularly maintained ƒ Vehicles/equipments are to be regularly subjected for emission tests and have valid 'Pollution Under Control' certificates. Re-validation of certificates will be done once in a month; ƒ All vehicles deployed for material haulage are to be spillage proof. Water tankers

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with suitable sprinkling system are to be deployed along the haulage roads and in the work sites to suppress airborne dusts from truck/ dumper movements particularly on unpaved roads. Actual frequency may be determined by the con tractor / PIU4 as per the site conditions ƒ Construction or work force camps are to be provided with fuel5 so that dependence on firewood is totally avoided; The use of LPG shall be mandatory in work force camps of road construction works passing through forest lands ƒ All operational areas under the rural road construction works are to be regularly monitored at least bi-monthly for air quality parameters; SPM, RPM, SO2, NOx, HC, CO. This will enable identification of the operations/areas of concern for air pollution mitigation, if any. ƒ Operational areas include work sites, haulage roads, hot mix plants, quarries, borrow sites and spoil disposal sites. ƒ All hot mix plants under the road construction works are to be located at least 500m away from the human settlements and preferably on the leeward side

The operation stage air quality Impacts, which mainly relates to the fuel composition, emission norms for vehicles among others are generally beyond the purview of the road construction authorities.

4.4.10 Noise

Potential Impacts: Both the construction and operation of roads induce noise impacts. While the noise Impacts during the construction stage can be largely controlled, operation stage Impacts are generally beyond the purview of the road construction authorities. The major factors contributing to noise levels during the road operation stage are vehicular (engine) noise, driving behaviour, pavement condition and road geometry, most dominant of these being vehicular noise.

Noise induced by the construction activities is generally intermittent and depends on the type of specific operation, location, function, and equipment usage cycles and attenuates quickly with distance.

Impact Mitigation: Impacts of noise during the construction activities can be largely controlled by the following measures

ƒ All equipment/ vehicles deployed for the construction activities shall confirm to stipulated noise emission criteria by the Central Pollution Control Board and regularly maintained; ƒ Work force likely to be exposed to noise levels beyond the threshold limits is to be provided with protective gears like hear plugs. Rotation of personnel every four hours should be considered as a supplement measure ƒ Limiting the operations to daytime only particularly near the human settlement areas. The noise impacts after the completion of the road construction works is not likely to be significant. Due to the construction works, settlements along the roads are likely to be exposed to relatively lower vehicular noise as compared to the present situation due to the improved pavement conditions and smoother movement of traffic.

4.4.11 Vibration

Potential Impacts: Vibrations induced by heavy traffic can impact on the roadside buildings particularly old or ancient structures. As the rural roads are neither subjected to

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any significant vehicular traffic nor any ancient archeologically important structures have been recorded along any of the road construction proposals, no impacts due to vibration are envisaged. Therefore no specific measures for mitigating vibration are required.

4.4.12 Construction Debris

Potential Impacts: The rural road construction works are not expected to generate construction debris, which require safe handling prior to disposal. Hence no specific mitigation measures are required or suggested.

4.4.13 Archaeological/ Historical Monuments

Potential Impacts & Mitigation: Although, Madhya Pradesh is known to have several archaeological and historical/protected heritage monuments spread all over the state, none of such protected/heritage monuments are situated within 5 km on each side from the sample rural roads of 179 km. Therefore no environmental impacts are envisaged on the Archaeological/Heritage Monuments due to the location of road construction works. In case, archaeological/heritage monuments are situated within 5 km on each side from the sample rural roads of 179 km of the remaining 1614 km of roads in the fifth batch and roads that will be taken up under the subsequent batches, the Department of Archaeology, Government of Madhya Pradesh will be consulted for seeking the required regulatory clearances including any preventive measures that are required for protection of the monuments during construction works.

4.4.14 Road Side Shrines/Temples

Potential Impacts & Mitigation: The 179 km (39 nos.) sample roads have few minor shrines/temples within the right of way and requiring relocation due to road construction. In case, major shrines/temples are situated within the right of way and requiring relocation in any of the remaining 1614 km of roads in the fifth batch and roads that will be taken up under the subsequent batches, the local community leaders of the respective rural habitations and the district administration are to be consulted for obtaining their consent for relocation and or protection works that may required for the purpose.

4.4.15 Road Side Sanitation

Potential Impacts: The local bodies and the State Governments have constructed tube wells along the tracks particularly near habitations to meet the water supply needs of community. In few cases unsatisfactory sanitary conditions has been noticed.

Under the proposed road constructions, the paved surface will extend almost up to the tube wells, in many cases posing a serious threat to the improved road due to the present improper/inadequate sanitary arrangements which can damage the bituminous surface along with base and sub base layers of the road.

Mitigation: All the tube wells along the improved roads are to be provided with adequate sanitary arrangements with lined drains connecting up to the nearest natural drain or the roadside drains constructed as a part of road construction works. A cost provision for such arrangement has been made under Environmental Management Action Plan.

4.5 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RESULTING FROM PROJECT OPERATIONS

No major environmental problems are perceived due to the project operations except for an increased degree of threat to the safety of the pedestrians/ slow moving traffic due to Technical Support Consultants 35 Operations Research Group Pvt. Ltd

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the increased speed of the motorised vehicles in comparison to the present situation. On the contrary, the project operations would enhance certain environmental attributes, which are described in the following section. Some minor impacts and mitigation measures are discussed below.

Impacts During operation phase major impact can result from vehicular pollution. These pollutants include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulates, lead, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon etc. Some secondary pollutants like ozone, Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) etc. are formed depending upon meteorological factors, topography, etc.

As the rural roads are not subjected to significant vehicular traffic, the emissions will not be a major contributor to the air pollution. Instead the road construction will have beneficial impact on the air quality along the roads as compared to present situation. The construction works after completion: will ensure relatively a dust free environment during or after vehicle passage, reduced vehicular emissions due to more uniform speed and less frequent acceleration/ deceleration of vehicles which otherwise contribute to increased fuel consumption and therefore increased pollution as compared to the present: situation. The impact on ambient air quality will be insignificant during operation because numbers of vehicles in a day are expected to be around 25-30 numbers. Due to creation of paved surface dust generation will also be minimised.

In India emission regulations are being made more stringent day by day. Already lead has been abolished from petrol in all metropolitan cities and is expected to be abolished from the entire country very soon. Indian emission standards are now following to meet Bharat lIl norms and if there is effective enforcement there should be reduction, in impacts as these standards take effect over time. By the time construction will be over Bharat lV stage emission norms will be applicable. The present air quality is below permissible limit of CPCB.

Road accident is a serious concern, particularly along the road corridor due to continuous traffic. Inadequate roads widths and design characteristics, the presence of road side trees, poles and absence of provisions for pedestrians, livestock, non- motorized traffic are some of common causes of frequent accidents occurring along the stretch. Since in rural road the numbers of vehicles are less risk of accident is also the minimum.

Mitigation Measures

Compensatory plantation to be taken up will also screen the dust and other emissions. Moreover regular maintenance of road to ensure smooth travel of vehicles will also help to minimize air pollution issues. Arrangement of safety signage, guard post near sensitive location like school, water body will improve traffic safety condition of the road. Moreover awareness program for the villager regarding road safety is necessary.

4.6 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT MEASURES

4.6.1 Retrieval of Green (Tree) Cover

The re-plantation of the corridor (three saplings per tree felled) including maintenance up to three years will enable to retrieve the tree cover in a better managed manner. The retrieved tree cover will enhance the environmental aesthetics and serene to the road users as compared to present situation.

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4.6.2 Improvement in Air/Noise Quality

The post road construction stage will enhance the ambient air quality through reduction of the dust concentration and vehicular emissions. The paved surface will contribute to a relatively a dust free environment during or after vehicle passage due to paved roads, reduced vehicular emissions due to more uniform speed and less frequent acceleration/ deceleration of vehicles The most notable beneficiaries will be the women and children6 who are exposed to increased dust and other emissions due to poor condition of the present unpaved tracks.

4.6.3 Improvement of Road Side Sanitation

Provision of adequate sanitary arrangements around tube wells will improve the present unsatisfactory sanitary conditions along side of the road. The improved sanitary conditions will also prolong the life and aesthetic value of the newly improved road.

4.6.4 Socio-economic Benefits

The road construction works is expected to promote better & faster access to health, education facilities and act as a avenue to increased economic opportunities, increased agricultural income and productive employment opportunities. The economic assessment carried out by the National Rural Roads Development Authority (NRRDA) in Madhya Pradesh and several other states also has amply demonstrated both tangible and non-tangible benefits due to the connectivity of rural habitations under PMGSY.

4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN

The generic Environmental Management Plan (EMP) as part of the ECOP used in the earlier batch and the potential impacts of the next batch, there is a need to revise the EMP to effectively implement all the environmental measures by providing detailed actions, responsibilities and timeframes for each adverse impact anticipated. However, the generic EMP as part of the ECOP will still be used for the bidding document for civil work contract of the fifth batch. The applying of the revised specific EMP (Appendix 3) will be processed and it is expected to be used during implementation.

6 Women spend significant time along roadside either doing various domestic chores or collecting water. Children are seen playing along road side or collecting water along with the elders Technical Support Consultants 37 Operations Research Group Pvt. Ltd

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SECTION 5: INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS & ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

5.1 GENERAL

The IEE of the rural road construction proposals has identified potential impacts and their mitigation measures. An environmental Management action plan (EMAP) has been drawn up for implementing the mitigation measures. A monitoring plan for implementation of EMAP along with the required institutional framework is also given in this section.

5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN

The EMAP broadly comprises; ƒ Identification of the project action (s) and environmental attributes those are likely to be impacted. ƒ Appropriate mitigation and/or environmental enhancement measures ƒ Responsible agency for the implementation of the mitigation measures ƒ Monitoring Frequency

5.2.1 Issues / Project Actions / Environmental Attributes

The project actions, which generally induce environmental impacts are clearing operations of ROW, traffic diversions, construction of campsites, haul roads, quarry and borrowing operations, transportation of materials, construction of cross drainage structures, air & noise pollution at all operational areas from the construction equipment, plant and machinery, sanitation in workforce camps and plant sites among others.

5.2.2 Mitigation Measures

Appropriate mitigation and /or environmental enhancement measures are identified for all project actions during the construction stage, which are likely to impact the certain environmental attributes. The mitigation measures in the form of an Environmental Management Action Plan (EMAP) are given in Appendix 3.

5.3 RESPONSIBILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATION

The EMAP is to be appended to the Standard Bidding Documents (SBD) of all the construction packages so that it serves as a condition of contract for adopting the Environmental Code of Practices (ECOP) by the prospective contractor(s). The implementation of the EMAP and/or ECOP by the contractor (s) is to be administered by the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) of the MPRRA through the Project Implementation Consultant (PIC).

5.4 EMAP IMPLEMENTATION MONITORING

A monitoring frequency for overseeing the implementation of the EMAP is given in Appendix 4.

5.5 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF EMAP

5.5.1 Institutional Requirements – Construction Stage

The Batch V of 1792.75 km will be packaged into several construction contract packages (district wise- 109 total packages) by the Project Implementation Unit (PIUs) of MPRRA. In order to support PIUs and MPRRA, on environmental technical matter NRRDA has appointed Technical Support Consultants (TSC). The technical support consultant has environmental expert in their team. The environmental expert of TSC will periodically

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review the EMAP compliances at site. The project Implementation Consultant (PIC) appointed by the PIU will continue to supervise the Contractor in addressing environmental matter of the Project. The PIC has employed one Environmental Officer (EO) in their team. The contractor shall implement the EMAP through its own FEO (Field Environmental Officer).

The institutional requirement for the implementation of Environmental Management Action Plan (EMAP) is given in Figure 5.1. The roles and responsibilities for implementation of EMAP during the construction stage are described herein. 5.5.1.1 Environmental Expert of TSC As a part of project implementation Environmental Expert of TSC has to carry out following activity, • Providing advisory services to PIUs in environmental aspects including seeking the regulatory clearances, application of the ECOP, implementation and monitoring of the identified provisions of the ECOP by the Contractor including by means of workshops; • Scrutinizing, on a sample (atleast one from each District and minimum 10% of total DPRs) basis the environmental checklists generated by PICs, review of applications seeking the regulatory clearances prepared by PICs; and • Conducting periodic site inspection for determining the efficacy and application level of the ECOP and suggest any modifications required thereof. 5.5.1.2 Environmental Officer of PIC The Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) and PIU will be responsible to supervise the Contractor in implementing EMP. The EO will be responsible to ensure adherence and implementation of EMAP at all stages of works by the contractor. The EO, if found warranting may also conduct field tests, independent of the contractor to determine the effectiveness of EMAP under approval of PIC/PIU.

The broad duties / responsibilities of the Environmental Officer will continue to include • Review of project design and specifications to ensure their adequacy and suitability with respect to the implementation of EMAP and or ECOP • Collection and dissemination of relevant environmental documents including amendments to environmental protection acts issued by the various agencies, namely, ADB, Government of India / State and local bodies; • Interact with the counterpart of the Contractor(s), review work progress/plans and ensure implementation of the EMAP; • Co-ordination with the NGOs, community groups and Government departments on environmental issues, provide clarifications/ and obtain clearances during project implementation if any, as required from the regulatory authorities and/or submitting periodic compliance reports as required by the State Authorities; • Monitoring sensitive environmental attributes during construction to ensure that the suggested mitigation measures in the EMAP are implemented; • Documentation of the environmental management/monitoring activities for the regular project implementation progress report; and • Conducting environmental training/awareness programmes for the contractors, the project implementation personnel and the communities. 5.5.1.3 Field Environmental Officer of Contractor The FEO of contractor have overall responsibility of EMP implementation. He will instruct his labour force how to maintain the safety and statutory requirement as per environmental guidelines. He will arrange periodic training program for the labour and

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health check up camp for the labourer. FEO will supply monitoring data to PIC/IPIU as per their instruction.

5.5.1.4 Environmental Monitoring Agency The Contractor(s) will engage the services of an independent and qualified agency to undertake measurement of environmental quality during the construction stage. The PIU through the PIC responsible to undertake overall environmental monitoring for the Project.

Ministry of Rural Development (MORD), Government of India ADB

National Rural Roads Development Authority (NRRDA) Project Implementation Authority Technical Support Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Agency- Consultants (TSC) MPRRA Appointed by NRRDA (State Level)

Project Implementation Unit Environmental (PIU) Expert of TSC

Several Construction Packages Project Implementation for 1792.7 km (Batch V) roads Consultant (PIC) under each PIUs

Field Environmental Officer (FEO) Environmental Officer (EO) (One per construction package (Provided by PIC –One Part Time/ provided by contractor) full Time on need basis)

Independent Environmental IMPLEMENTATION OF Testing & Monitoring Agency EMAP (On need basis)

Figure 5.1: Institutional Requirements for Implementation of EMAP

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SECTION 6: PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURES

6.1 INTRODUCTION

The rural project comprising of 1792.75 km rural roads is likely to affect the communities residing around the corridor of impact and their activities. Moreover successful implementation of the project requires co-ordinated efforts of various stakeholders at different levels. Hence, consultation at different levels was used as a tool to inform and educate stakeholders about the proposed action both before and after the development decisions were made. Public consultation was useful for gathering environmental data, understanding likely impacts and community’s needs and preferences.

The various alternatives could be evolved and sustainable mitigation measures could be formulated through consultations. It assisted in identification of the problems associated with the project as well as the needs of the population likely to be impacted. This participatory process helped in reducing the public resistance to change and enabled the participation of the local people in the decision making process. The involvement of the various stakeholders ensured that the affected population and other stakeholders are informed, consulted and are allowed to participate at various stages of project preparation.

6.2 OBJECTIVES

The main objective of the consultation process was to minimise negative impacts of the project and to maximise the benefits of the project. Other objectives of the consultation process were the following:

ƒ To promote public awareness about the proposed project especially amongst the potentially impacted communities/individuals; ƒ To educate the communities/individuals close to project roads about the proposed course of action and the project alternatives; ƒ To solicit the views of communities/individuals residing near rural roads proposed for construction on environmental and social problems; ƒ To gather inputs from the affected communities/individuals in crucial decisions regarding mitigation of the identified environmental and social issues; ƒ To stimulate community self evaluation and analysis; and ƒ To ensure lessening of public resistance to change by providing them a platform in the decision making process

6.3 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

6.3.1 Stages and Levels of Consultation

Public consultation was conducted both at screening stage as well as IEE stage. Consultations conducted at screening stage played an important role in scoping the level and extent of consultation to be taken in the project preparation stage. Public consultations have been held at three levels as follows:

ƒ Local level (village level/Block level) villagers through which roads are passing. ƒ District level consultations involving District Magistrates, revenue department, PIU officials, local forest department; and ƒ Institutional level consultations with State Forestry Department and State Pollution Control Board.

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Tools for Consultation

Public Consultation was done using various tools including, discussion with village panchayats, government officials and other stakeholders.

(i) Formal/Informal discussion

During the transect walk, consultations were held with the panchayat officials and villagers. Also during the reconnaissance survey and site visits, discussions were carried out informally drawing people into dialogue to obtain an overview of likely impacts and concerns of the community. Consultation was held at several locations along the rural roads alignment covering areas where public activity was intense and close to proposed alignment covering owners of houses located close to rural roads.

A checklist of questions was kept ready and responses were elicited from people and guidelines were issued to field assistants for the purpose. The FGDs were held at all the locations of 39 sample roads.

(ii) Institutional Level / Stake Holders Consultative Workshop

The institutional level consultations were held with representatives of institutions having stakes in implementation of the project. The institutions contacted included state forest department, State Pollution Control Board, line agency like public heath engineering department (who is responsible for rural water supply) etc.

In addition to the official listed above the officials from other departments were also contacted on several occasions. The contacted officials included Tehsildars, NGOs, industry department and respective – district magistrate offices. List of persons consulted during FGD are given in Appendix 5.

6.3.2 Contents

The consultation with institutional officials focussed on the following issues. ƒ Project description: - Need for the construction of rural roads and benefits of the project. ƒ Social and environmental assessment processes vis-à-vis- GOI and the multilateral funding agency requirements. ƒ The extent / nature of negative social and environmental impact and the need for rehabilitation and resettlement in the project. Avoidance and mitigation aspects in the project. ƒ People’s participation in planning, implementation and monitoring & evaluation stage.

6.3.3 Public Hearing, Schedule IV, under EIA notification of MoEF

The implementation of fifth batch of rural road projects will not require public hearing in the light of revised EIA Notification in the year 2006 and amended in 2009.

6.3.4 Issues Raised and Community Perception

Some of the general issues raised during the different consultation sessions can be summed up as follows.

ƒ Water Logging and Drainage Participants had a fear construction of rural roads with new alignment may alter natural drainage pattern in the area and may cause flooding and water logging in the agriculture fields if adequate cross drainage structures are not provided.

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ƒ Loss of Livelihood and Income Restoration Options This issue was raised by few of villagers, as loss of fertile land will deteriorate their income sources. ƒ Road Safety Safety issues were paramount in all the consultation sessions. Woman participants raised the issue of their children’s safety. ƒ Land Acquisition People were not much concerned about the land requirements of the project and impact on their agriculture land. They were also of the view that community should be consulted before the road designs are finalised. ƒ Loss of Idols/Shrines Except very few cases no such major concern for shifting of idols/ shrines ƒ Loss of Trees Due to Road Construction Respondents were of the opinion that trees cutting should be avoided or else minimised. But in most of the cases the villagers already felled trees voluntarily. For trees to be cut compensatory plantation should be done. Some villagers expected additional plantation should be done. Recommended tree species for plantation were other local varieties. ƒ Impacts on Health Separate consultation sessions were organised by social team to identify issues pertaining to health specifically for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Settlements along the rural roads were reported to be getting exposed to such diseases as there are no long distance users on the project roads. ƒ Employment during Construction The locals demanded that locals should be given preference in employment during project implementation. ƒ Perceptions and Expectations Perceptions and expectations of the community recorded during the consultation sessions can be broadly listed as: ¾ The public and the PAPs appreciate the rural road construction. ¾ Community and large appreciated overall benefits to the community resulting from project development; ¾ Aware of the increased access, less travel time in commuting after project implementation; ¾ Expect better management of traffic and necessary noise barriers at educational and health facilities during construction; ƒ Addressing of Issues

The project has tried its best to address all the issues raised during consultations under the constraints of suitability from engineering point of view. Some of the provisions made under the project to address the issues and concerns of the community are given in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: Addressal of General Issues and Concerns under the Project

Issue/Concern Addressal under the project Water Logging and Drainage Adequate cross drainage structures have been planned Road Safety Adequate safely signage planned all along the rural road. Land acquisition through The proposed ROW is 12m along the rural road. Minimum donation and Mode of land acquisition is planned for some cases of the project compensation (if any) road. Loss of roadside Idols and shrines will be relocated (if required at all) to the idols/shrines other nearby places with consultation and proper rituals Loss of trees Compensatory afforestation would be done at the ratio of three to four trees for each tree to be cut. Technical Support Consultants 43 Operations Research Group Pvt. Ltd

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Issue/Concern Addressal under the project Increased pollution levels Pollution levels are not crossing the prescribed limits of CPCB and planned plantation will screen the emission. Utilities and basic All the utilities, electric poles, telephone lines, wells, tube infrastructure wells etc. to be impacted will be relocated under the project cost. Employment of locals during Locals will be given preference for employment during the construction project implementation

The issues raised and their incorporation in the design has been explained in Tables 6.2.

Table 6.2: Summarisation of Issues and Findings at Various Locations

Participants Comments and Mitigation Measures Location Issues Suggestions and Action Plan All the 8 • Peoples • The Villagers are in favour of the • Safety measures will districts Perception Project as they see a job be provided. about the opportunity and faster transport. Adequate signage Project • Air and Water especially drinking will be provided. • Air, Water water qualities are not polluted. • For dust problem Quality • Primary water sources are hand during construction • Noise level pump and open well and these sprinkling system will • Water should be relocated first if be considered Source affected. • No construction • Health and • No construction activity will be activity planned Environment taken in the night in built up area. during night time at • Road • Affected water sources will be habitation. Alignment relocated first and then there will • Water Resources be dismantling of the existing will be relocated first sources. before dismantling • The villagers required proper the existing ones. traffic control at the road • Road alignment is junctions to prevent accidents. planned during • Villagers are sound in health transect walk. • Locals will be given preference in employment during construction.

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CHAPTER 7: FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

7.1 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The findings and recommendations of the IEE for the rural road construction works are summarized hereunder:

ƒ The IEE has been carried out for 1792.75 km of rural roads, which represent the fifth batch. ƒ The potential impacts have been screened in accordance with the Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 of ADB and new safeguard policy 2009 and required adequate mitigation measures have been suggested in the form of an environmental mitigation action plan (EMAP). ƒ The anticipated environmental impacts will be insignificant, reversible and will mostly occur during the construction stage. The mitigation measures for minimizing these environmental impacts as stated in the EMP will be easily implemented. ƒ The Institutional requirements for implementation of mitigation measures has been in placed. ƒ The review on environmental compliances carried out by TSC that will be reported quarterly will also be used to monitor the effectiveness of the implementation of EMAP.

7.2 CONCLUSION

Based on the IEE study and screening surveys conducted for the Project, associated potential adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated. No further Environmental Impact Assessment study will be required.

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX 1

Madhya Pradesh - Packaging & Details of Road under ADB Batch – V

S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of PIU - Biora (District – Rajgarh) Bagwaj To Kankaria Gujar 7.60 1 3057 3 Khejda Maharaj To Padligusai 2.80 369.28 Tareni To Khejda Maharaja 2.10 NH - 12 To Motipura 3.20 2 3058 3 Malawar To Jamoniya 3.10 259.92 NH-12 To Muwalia Dangi 2.60 Belas To Manki 3.10 3 3059 3 Moi To Nariyabey 3.80 313.48 Kansorkalan Jod To Dobda 4.10 Panali To Ralayati 4.25 4 3060 3 Karanwas To Panali 3.50 390.35 Jod To Balchidi 4.80 5 3061 1 A.B.Road To Amargarh 16.60 499.64 Ghoghatpur To Jethli 4.70 6 3062 3 Gadiya To Baodikheda 6.00 387.31 To Mohali 2.80 Bamankheda To 6.15 Machalpur To Bhagori 7.40 7 3063 5 Gangroni Jod To Dobda 10.25 904.99 Bhtawada To Bhikanpur 6.00 Rajahedi Kharpa Jod To Pipliya Bijarel 2.70 Semlapura - Bedar Road To Sedra 7.70 - Bhoomriya Road To Barol 4.80 Khilchipur - Bhoomariya Road To 4.35 8 3064 6 792.32 Khilchipur - Bhoomariya Road To Baghela 5.50 Khilchipur Bhomariya Rd To Luhar 1.90 Kherkhedi To Gordhan 3.90 SH - 14 To Gadiyamer 6.55 9 3065 3 NH -12 To Sedri 6.90 501.35 NH-12 To Rupaheda 4.70 Khilchipur To Mehraj Pura 5.55 10 3066 3 Pachor-Machalpur Road To Deoli Sanga 3.10 355.97 Jaitpura Khurd To Lasodli 3.50 Jamuniya Gopchauhan To Miru Khedi 6.00 Narsinghgarh To Sarana 2.50 Raghunathpura To Ramgarh 7.40 Boda - Narsinghgarh Road To Tajpura 6.50 11 3067 9 Narsinghgarh Boda Rd. To Lasoodlya Pata 5.60 1232.73 Shujalpur - Pachor Road To Ralayati 4.30 Berasiya To Bhojpuriya 3.10 Boda-Narsinghgarh Rd. To Kudali 2.80 Mandawar Junction To Harlaya 5.55 NH -12 To Pipliya Bag 3.40 12 3068 2 313.76 NH -12 ( N'garh Bypass ) To Mundali 7.25 Narsinghgarh - Berasiya Road To Panjari 5.20 13 3069 2 207.01 NH-12 To Manpuradeo 1.85 Jhadla To Barkheda Dor 5.40 14 3070 9 Eklera - Kurawar Rd. To Biralkhedi 7.20 1216.91 Eklera Talen Road To Baijad 3.00

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S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Eklera Kurawar Rd. To Jangibad 1.00 Pratappura Jod To Buchakhedi 6.90 3070 9 Pachor Sujalpur Road To Pratappura 3.70 14 Contd. (Contd.) (contd.) Eklera Talen Rd. To Padlyadan 1.15 Kankariya Meena To Terni Dhakad 9.50 Lashkarpur Jod To Lasudliya Haji 6.00 Karanwas To Naiheda 7.10 NH-12 To Padia 2.65 15 3071 4 560.4 NH-12 To Hiran Khedi 2.50 NH-12 To Manda Kheda 7.00 Kila Amargarh To Bankpura 2.40 Rajgarh Kila-Amargarh Rd To Hinoti 6.90 16 3072 4 502.61 Kalipeeth Road ( NH-3 ) To Sandahedi 4.10 Mahabal To Suntanpura 4.00 Khujner -Karanwas Road To Phundia 4.70 17 3073 3 Chatukheda -Sondhiya To Rojya 3.30 372.29 Bakhed ( S.S. Road ) To Rasoolpura 5.50 Rajgarh -Khujner Road To Kharcha Khedi 5.00 18 3074 3 Karedi To Kherasi 3.60 323.14 Rajgarh - Khujner Road To Rajpura 2.60 Piplodi To Chhayan 10.00 19 3075 2 371.97 Piplodi To Dehrinath 4.20 Seradi To Lakhesara 11.8 20 3076 3 Padana To Aknya Khedi 4.10 546.05 Budhanpur To Itawa 2.60 Mundla Lodha To 13.10 21 3077 3 Khajuri Jod To Deolimanjagir 4.60 702.32 Kadlawad To Pipalya Mochi 6.60 Lima Chauhan To Barol 5.20 22 3078 3 Padliya Mata To Kachriya Bhai 3.40 382.98 Sarangpur To Saidabag 4.65 NH- 12 To Senwasa 4.00 111.09 Jute Gio Textile 2 Gilakhedi (Jod)To Shivpura 4.80 144.63 PIU – Datia (District – Datia) Bagpura Road To Sunari 7.800 23 955 3 Badera Sopan To Dhanoti 4.250 435.73 Softa To Kutoli 4.600 Berchh To Patharranarayan 5.000 24 956 2 336.71 Bhind Bhander Road To Badera Haweli 8.200 Almpur Talgaon Road To Jouri 1.600 25 957 3 Saujana To Bindwa 5.750 238.39 Alampur Talgaon Road To Besora 1.700 Indergarh Pandokhar Road To Dhanpipri 3.900 Ahroni To Naogaon 2.600 26 958 5 Dhanpipri To Tentana 4.500 458.93 Indergarh Pandokhar Road To Karra 4.800 Indergarh Kamad Road To Maithanapali 0.700 Bhander Sarsai Road To Dhamna 3.800 27 959 2 182.41 Bhander Sarsai Road To Kulariya 3.000 Gwalior Road To Bamrol 5.000 28 960 2 243.120 Hinotiya Road To Dagra 4.300 29 961 1 Charwara To Guda 13.000 365.85 Diswar To Sujed 3.450 30 962 2 246.52 Unao Baswaha Road To Devra 5.900

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S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Datia Bhander Road To Bhitora 3.000 31 963 2 160.89 Datia Unao Road To Gharaba 3.100 Sindhwari To Nayagaon 13.000 32 2 426.72 964 Datia Seondha Road To Lidhora 2.250 Chirula Road To Karari Khurd 3.550 33 2 113.79 965 Basai Nayakheda Road To Thakurpura 1.100 34 966 1 Datia Mau Road To Bara Bujurg 7.600 201.14 Goraghat Indergarh Road To Syawari 4.450 35 2 220.99 967 Indergarh Pichhore Road To Chimghan 3.800 Bhagurapura Alampur Road To Parsonda 3.20 92.58 Jute Gio Textile 2 Baman Datia Mau Road To Rubha 3.30 99.67 PIU – Gwalior (District – Gwalior) Dabra Chinor Rd (Khadwai) To Khedi 5.80 Parashar 36 1452 3 321.57 Gwalior Jhansi Road To Beru 5.24 Dabra Bhitarwar Road To Nunhari 1.00 Bhitarwar Karera Road Basai 6.70 37 1453 2 303.81 Chinor Bhitarwar Road To Bela 3.60 A.B. Road Chhimak Road To Khurd Par 5.90 38 1454 2 318.83 A.B. Road Chhimak To Surajpur 5.30 Dabra Singhpur Road To Gajapur 4.30 39 1455 3 Pichhore Indergarh Road To Virrat 1.70 283.97 Piproli Road To Purasani 3.35 Hastinapur Road To Mehroli (Chak) 1.96 Utila To Bahangikalan (Via Bahangikhurd) 4.88 40 1456 4 345.92 Behat Arora Road To Benipura 4.10 Bijoli Gundhara Road To Santalpur 0.80 PIU – Morena 1&2 (District – Morena) Rithora Rd To Bhensora 6.00 A.B. Rd To Gopal Pura 2.30 A.B. Rd To Masoodpur 2.60 41 2560 6 466.75 Palpura Rd To Basai Harchand 1.90 Parichha Rd To Bhabhuti Shala 0.75 Bensora Rd To Chak Kishanpur 2.00 Ghuraiya Basai Rd To Hatupura 3.40 Sumawali-Joura Rd To Kaimari 5.10 42 2561 4 Sumawali-Joura Rd To Silarpur 3.00 466.88 Sumawali-Teekari Rd (Via Ghamndi Ka Pura 3.20 To Beda Ka Pura M.S. Rd To Manpur Balla 2.00 Bagchini Rd To Modhana Jawahar Via 6.60 Modhana Bhikam 43 2562 5 445.81 M.S. Rd To Chirayatni 2.80 Bagchini Rd To Modhani Samant 3.50 M.S. Rd To Devkhera 1.00 Dangariyapura Rd To Jhond 7.50 Tiktoli-Doomdar Rd To Bara 4.60 44 2563 4 536.65 Tiktoli-Doomdar Rd To Poeyan Ka Pura 1.90 Pahadgarh-Sahsram Rd To Ghatoli 4.10 Dhanu Ka Pura Rd To Kaimpura 1.00 Bilgaon-Kheriya Mode To Chhole Ka Pura 3.00 45 2564 5 Kharika Rd To Karori 4.70 290.20 Bisnori Rd To Jaunara 0.70 AB Canal Rd To Sukhpura 0.85

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S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 AB Canal Rd To Dabokhari 2.60 Ahroli Rd To Khutiyani Behad 4.90 Khutiyani Behad Rd To Bhudhawali 3.00 Khutiyani Behad Rd To Thehjoura 3.00 46 2565 9 M.S. ABC Via Ahroli Rd To Ranchor Ka Pura 3.50 636.62 Ahroli Rd To Mahdeva 1.70 Ahroli Rd To Khutiyanihar 0.75 Khutiyanihar Rd To Sherpur 0.80 Rasodhana Rd To Parsodi 2.40 Kherli Road To Nahar Pura 2.70 Porsa Kherli Road To Khoyala 1.00 47 2566 4 248.13 Morena Porsa Road To Prathvi Pura 1.00 Nawali To Gilapura Via Lalgeet Ka Pura 3.90 Rupathi Road To Kadam Khandi 2.20 48 2567 3 Sagoli Road To Bholaram Ka Pura 5.75 339.93 Bholrampura Road To Kharagpura 4.20 K.P.Golhari Road To Cheti Khera 2.10 Sujarma Rd To Garmora 2.70 M.S. Road To Maheva 3.50 49 2568 7 M.S. Road To Piprawa 2.30 500.32 K.P. Damezer Road To Piproniya 2.40 K.P.Golhari Rd To Shyam Ka Pura 1.10 M.S. Road To Makunda 1.50 Gobra Road To Berkheda 7.40 50 2569 3 Anchwada Road To Semana 3.60 Semai - Vijaypur Road To Kuarpur 0.80 367.94 Beerpur Road To Kaimara Khurd 7.40 Sahapur Kala Road To Jawahargarh 1.40 51 2570 4 Sabalgarh Beerpur Road To Niwadi 4.50 Sabalgarh Beerpur Road To Khirka 1.80 459.57 Semai - Atar Road To Pason Kalan 1.30 Bateswara Road To Budha Pura 5.50 52 2577 4 Santoshpur Rd To Sivlalpura 3.50 Banwara Road To Neeman Ka Pura 3.50 395.52 Jute Gio Textile 1 Thara To Sarsi Via Nawali, Nakhati Amrpur 6.10 178.01 PIU – Sehore 1 (District – Sehore) 53 3576 1 Satramau To Chikli 10.75 326.20 54 3577 1 Narayanpur to Nonbhet 14.45 470.54 Brijishnagar To Sohankheda 14.4 55 3578 3 Lotiya To Bawadiyachor 3.80 680.4 Bawadiyachor To Balondiya 3.20 Dudlai To Laliyakhedi 6.30 56 3579 2 343.79 Laliyakhedi To Haraspur 5.90 Bordikala To Jamli 5.05 57 3580 3 Nadan Road To 4.20 419.06 Nadan To Alipur 3.80 Jhalki To Gaukhedi 8.70 Molga To Balapura 3.70 58 3581 5 Ram Nagar To Lau Khedi 5.20 857.39 Ramnagar To Satpipliya 2.50 Ram Nagar To Toraniya 5.20

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Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 59 3582 1 Bhopal Kolar To Saras 8.00 281.47 Jahajpura To Pathoda 3.55 60 3583 2 246.32 Chakaldi To Kotrepipla 4.95 Chitgaon Kanchi To Khadgaon 5.60 61 3584 2 232.09 Chich To 2.80 Heerapur (Ahamadpur Road) To Satawadi 13.90 62 3585 2 756.17 Ahamadpur Road To Hatiyakheda 7.90 Doraha To Shahjanpur 10.90 63 3586 2 433.44 Tinsai To Imaliya 5.40 64 3587 1 Sehore S’ Road (T18) To Nipaniyakhurd 5.80 192.36 NH-86 To Padli Via Jamni 5.10 65 3588 3 Bilkisganj Sehore Road To Chainpura 4.15 446.54 Dhaboti To Dhamankheda 5.28 Sehore To Kalan 5.20 Kahiri Kadeem To Khapra 4.7 66 3589 4 396.55 Moondala Khurd To Manakheda 3.15 Bhadakhedi To Mullani 1.10 Sehore Shyampur Road To Samlikhurd 3.00 73.56 Jute Gio Textile 2 Sehore Shyampur (T18) To Gulkhedi 3.25 98.72 PIU – Sehore 2 (District – Sehore) Richariya To Dewan Khedi 6.50 67 3570 3 Rolagaon To Badkhola 5.10 628.65 T-09 To Guwadiya Bazyaft 8.50 Khamkeda To Bhilkheda 3.80 68 3571 2 293.74 Dabri To Duka 6.30 Siddiganj Road To Dhingakhedi 5.60 69 3572 2 335.2 Siddiganj Road To Govindpura 6.20 Gajna To Samri 10.20 70 3573 2 393.55 Rupeta To Pardhikhedi 2.75 Patariya Goal To Husianpurkhedi 8.50 71 3574 2 339.96 Nipaniya (Shujalpur Road) To Atraliya 2.50 Jute Gio Textile 1 NH- 86 To Sendho Khedi 2.00 60.89 PIU – Sheopur (District – Sheopur) Mewada To Chakk Bamolia 4.55 T-02 To Kashipura 0.70 72 3756 5 T-02 To Ladpura 0.50 401.17 Balawni Juction To Hasilpur Khurd 0.60 L-062 To Chianpur 7.90 L-035 To Maharajpura 2.45 L-059 (Sonthwa) To Dalarna Kalan 7.05 73 3757 4 436.51 L-059 To Barodaram 1.15 Soin Kalan To Dantrda Khurd 3.00 74 3758 1 Piparwas To Bechai 25.30 679.55 Jute Gio Textile 1 Pali - Kunjapura Road To Nagargawada 7.70 196.19 PIU – Shivpuri (District – Shivpuri) 75 4060 1 Barai Chandoriya Road To Rampuri 20.50 671.02 Bamore To Dhamah Toke 3.10 76 4061 2 479.42 Bijrawan To Dhuan 13.50 T-010 To Barai Kheda 9.50 77 4062 3 Barai Kheda L078 To Kanera Chhapar 5.40 625.48 AB Road T-09 Badokhara T To Bahaga 5.60 78 4064 2 Sesai Khurd To Bijrawan 16.00 599.29

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Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 78 4064 2 (Contd.) T-05 Digod To Sesai Khurd 6.00 Contd. Leva To Dang Kherona 4.55 T-07 Rai To Leva 5.90 79 4065 5 To1 To Bedhari 4.30 777.70 Rai (T-07) To Kilawni 7.50 T-07 Kiloni To Ganesh Kheda 6.50 T-08 Karya To Sejwara 4.50 80 4066 2 440.00 T-08 Mohra To Gohari 12.10 A B Road To Panwari 2.20 To1 AB Road To Bhati 3.80 81 4067 5 A.B. Road To Berkhedi 1.50 403.13 To1 To Kumhraua 3.20 T-01 AB Road To Lilwara 3.50 Dangpadora To Atamanpur 2.70 T-010 Kota Road To Kudoniya Ganesh 6.80 82 4068 4 380.16 Kota Road T-09 To Lad-Karan 3.50 T-09 To Netwas 0.90 T-06 To Rinhay 3.00 Dehrda Ganesh To Tamki Jagir 4.55 83 4069 5 Bijri Dhakroura Road To Vijaypur 0.70 523.08 T-05 To Meguna Dang 4.10 T-07 To Toriya 5.15 S.S. Road To Chhar 3.00 NH-25- Hatod To Lakhangawan 4.55 84 4070 4 707.81 Shivpuri (Maniyar) To Itma 0.70 Sirsod To Tonka 4.10 Kharwaya To Navagaon 4.60 Piperghar To Besi 5.30 85 4071 4 539.14 Chakrana To Sevakhede 6.60 S.S. Road To Berkheda 2.20 Karai Road To Kherona Jhiri 8.30 86 4072 3 Kuwarpur To Sikrawda 2.15 383.96 Sikrawda To Gahloni 2.15 M.P.Road To1 To Beelwara Kala 7.50 87 4073 3 MP Road To Nonaheta Khurd 5.50 532.39 Bhatnawar To Mehara 6.60 B.D Road To Thagosa 6.80 88 4074 3 Malvarbay To Aswaya 4.40 432.34 Mp Road To Gobra 5.65 BD Road To Raiyan 6.80 89 4075 3 Toriya To Dhatura 2.90 453.05 BD Road To Sumed 7.10 Kharai To Bhadroni 2.25 Kharai Road To Kharai Jalim 3.25 90 4076 4 364.99 Kharai Road To Segda 3.45 Kharai Road To Baghoda 2.65 Satanwada Bhitarwar Road To Sultanpur 4.60 Satanwada Narwar Bhitarwar Rd to Khyaoda 2.60 91 4077 4 545.56 Magroni To Thati 8.00 Thati To To Kaikhoda 4.80

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Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lamkana Road To Raokala 2.00 Karera Bhitarwar Road To Mihawara 4.00 92 4078 4 287.06 Algi To Dabardehi 3.20 Khudawali Samuha To Kadora Imaliya 0.75 NH-25 To Khoha 6.30 KB Road To Longoori 1.60 93 4079 5 Saliya Damron To Chausija 2.20 429.48 Amolpatha Road To Jainagar 4.20 NH-25 To Kalothara 1.50 Pichhore Gora Road To Bapawali 3.15 Pichhore Gora Road To Khairwas 2.20 Sirsod Pichhore Road To Kalipahadi 1.65 Bamor Damron To Dhuwai 4.40 94 4080 8 772.07 T-03 To To Karmai Kala 5.50 Kachhava To Manaka 3.80 T04 To Rewai 6.70 To 3 To Khurai 1.70 C.P. Road(Achhroni) To Khajera 6.60 Kalipahadi To Sularkala 5.00 95 4081 5 C.P. Road To Kheroda 4.00 659.09 L-036 (Muhari Kalan) To Amarpur Lalan 5.60 Chanderi Pichhore Road To Bamore 1.80 Achhroni Nagrela To Rupanbada 7.15 Rp Road To Salauraasli 2.15 Khajiyadhana-Mayapur Road To Bhodon 3.20 96 4082 6 667.60 RP Road To Guraiya 2.15 Gurukudwaya To Khamkheda 3.15 Nadanwara To Chhirai 6.70 Gooder To Gatajhalkui 12.60 Khaniyadhana Gatajhalkui To Rijoda 4.20 97 4083 4 790.06 Gooder To Erawani 8.00 Gooder Erawani Road To Sekra 3.60 AB Road T- 09 To Barkheda Khurd 1.55 47.51 Jute Gio Textile 2 T-09 AB Road to Khajuri (Atalpur) 5.70 172.77 PIU – Vidisha (District Vidisha) Kaladeo to Chandbad 3.85 Mahoti to Narayanpur 2.23 Barkheda (Bapcha) to Motipur 3.75 Anandpur-Bhagwantpur Rd. (T04) to Lalatora 2.33 98 4559 8 931.10 Malaniya Road (L064) to Veerpur Kala 1.45 Veerpur Kala to Esarwas 3.30 Jhukar Jogi to Danwas 12.70 SH-14 to Masuri 1.20 SH-23 to Karaikheda Kala 2.63 99 4560 3 Chhapu to Ghutua 6.50 504.02 Ratan Barri to Mahuakheda Prithviraj 6.65 SH-14 to Kuja 5.90 100 4561 4 501.65 Kaswatal to Narkheda Tal 6.10

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Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

S. No. Package Nos. of Name of Road Length in Cost of No. Road in Km. Package Package (Lacs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 SH-14 to Veerpur 1.43 100 4561 4 (Contd.) Contd. Shahpur to Sultanpur 3.90 SH-14 to Fatehpur 3.23 Barwai to Nehra 4.38 101 4562 5 Mala to Sirwada 3.40 497.65 Malhargarh Rd. (T07) to Ghousa 3.08 SH-19 to Parewara 2.20 Devli Road (L053) to Umrcha 4.28 Kulhar- Rd. (T04) to Satoh 3.40 102 4563 4 535.24 Pathari to Kankalkhedi 6.30 Kulhar-Pathari Khurai Rd. (T04) to Bisrai 3.58 Sironj-Basoda RD. to Rajakhedi 9.25 Basoda-Uhar MDR to Barri Basoda 3.50 Basoda-Sironj Rd. (T03) to Raikhedi 3.75 103 4564 7 Lateri-Shamshabad Rd. (T07) to Pali 2.03 870.80 T04 to Hasanpur Alias Jathoda 2.50 Satpada Hat to Nadia 3.35 Karariya Hat to Sugnakhedi 4.68 Haiderganj-Begumganj Rd. to Norja 2.60 Gyaraspur-Gulabganj Rd. to Uharkotra 1.68 Sihod to Barkheda Gambhir 9.50 104 4565 7 NH-86 to Padryat 3.40 895.62 Daiyarpur to Semra Tappa Dhamnod 3.95 Kuakhedi-Basoda (T03) to Manpur 1.85 Haidergarh to Dhokheda 6.20 Basoda-Kisnoda MDR to Jhilipur 1.80 105 4566 3 Udaipur to Muradpur 2.80 415.98 Basoda to 9.50 Rasoolpur-Kirarkhedi MDR to Murhar 1.23 Lagdha (Barodiya Bagrod) to Barodiya 3.28 Bagrod 106 4567 5 452.05 Sumer Dangi to Maholi 4.05 Rasoolpur-Kirarkhedi MDR to Sairwasa 2.00 (Basoda-Tyonda Rd.) Sagoni to Karimpur 3.80 Sirnota to Barod 3.00 Dabar to Negma Pipriya 5.08 Basoda-Gulabganj Road to Kulha 2.93 107 4568 6 734.54 Reechhai to Satpadakala 6.13 Sonsera to Dailakheda 3.05 Sanai Rampur Rd. to Karonda Khurd 3.20 108 4569 1 Basoda-Tyonda MDR to 15.50 468.73 109 4570 1 SH-23 to Bhora 8.58 244.79 Jute Gio Textile 1 NH-86 to Daiyarpur 5.3 181.13 Total – 109 Pkgs. 389 1792.75 52429.84

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Madhya Pradesh: Initial Environmental Examination Report – Batch V Roads

APPENDIX 2

Madhya Pradesh – Batch V: List of Roads Selected for Review

Sl. District Block Name of Road No. 1 Ichhawar Bordikalan to Jamli 2 Sehore Sehore Shyampur Road To Gulkhedi 3 Sehore Sehore Heerpur (Ahamadpur Road) To Satawadi 4 Sehore Bhadakhedi To Mullani 5 Ashta Dabri To Duka 6 Basoda Rasoolpur Klrarkhedi MDR To Sairwasa 7 Kurwai SH-19 To Parewara 8 Lateri Jhukar Jogi To Danwas Vidisha 9 Lateri SH-14 To Masuri 10 Sironj SH--14 To Veepur 11 Vidisha Karariya Hat To Sugnakhedi 12 Bhander Dhanpipri To Tentana 13 Datia Bhander Alampur Talgaon Road To Jouri 14 Datia Datia Unao Road To Gharaba 15 Gwalior Morar Bijoli Gundhara Road To Santalpur 16 Joura M.S Road To Manpur Balla 17 Joura M.S Road To Chiraytini 18 Morena Morena Rithora Road To Bhensora 19 Morena A.B Road To Gopalpura 20 Morena A.B Road To Masoodpur 21 Sheopur Sheopur Pali Kunjapura Road To Nagargawada 22 Karera NH-25 To Khoha 23 Karera NH-25 To Kalithara 24 Karera Saliya Damron To Chasusija 25 Narwar Satanwada Narwar Bhitarwar Rd. To Khyaoda 26 Shivpuri Narwar Khudawal Samuha To Kadora Imaliya 27 Narwar Magroni To Thati 28 Shivpuri Karai Road To Kherona Jhiri 29 Shivpuri S.S Road To Chhar 30 Shivpuri Sikrawda To Gahloni 31 NH-12 To Motipura 32 Biaora Malawar To Jamoniya 33 Biaora A.B Road To Amargarh 34 Biaora NH-12 To Muwalia Dangi 35 Rajgarh Narsinghgarh Jhadla To Barkheda Dor 36 Narsinghgarh Eklera Kurawar Road To Jangibad 37 Narsinghgarh Narsinghgarh To Sarana 38 Narsinghgarh Raghunathpura To Ramgarh 39 Rajgarh Rajgarh-Khujner Road To Kharcha Khedi

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

APPENDIX 3

Environmental Management Action Plan for Pre-Construction and Construction Phases

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization A Pre Construction Phase Finalization of alignment • The right of way (ROW) to be finalized to minimize social All through the Pre Part of Project Project Preparation impacts, minimum acquisition of agricultural land, forest alignment of each Construction Cost Consultant areas, avoidance of temples, burial grounds, other religious rural road Phase places to the extent possible (Ref strip plans and design report) Land acquisition • Land acquisition through donation, compensation packages All through the Pre Land to be PIU, Govt. of Madhya if any, resettlement and rehabilitation, poverty alleviation alignment of each Construction made available Pradesh, NGOs and programs for affected people and all other related issues rural road Phase by the state other agencies are addressed in Social Impacts and Resettlement & Government/ recommended in RAP Rehabilitation report MPRRA report

Environmental officer under the PIC will also coordinate and ensure implementation B. Construction phase Setting out and clearing ROW • Trees’ falling within ROW and other vegetative cover are to All through the Rural Pre Necessary PIC, PIU, Forest be removed except those, clearance on both sides of roads excepting in Construction cost provisions Department NGOs proposed median edge. stretches of Phase has been shifting of utilities shall • Compensatory plantations within proposed vegetation strip habitations made. be carried out by of ROW to be undertaken by Forest Department on behalf All other costs respective government of MPRRA are included bodies at cost to be • Re-plantation at rate of 3 for every tree removed is to be under project reimbursed by project, commenced just after disturbance due to construction is cost. implementing agency. stopped and NOT after completion of project. Environmental officer • The species shall be endemic and very similar to the trees, under the PIC will which have been removed unless they are inappropriate for coordinate and ensure valid reasons. implementation.

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • List of species for both roadside and median and may be To increase survival finalized in consultation with Forest Department, Govt. of rate of new saplings, a Madhya Pradesh core Tree Management • Small temples, shrines particularly those which are beneath Committee is to be trees & often are worship places are to be transplanted to created to (TMC) adjacent areas outside ROW in close consultation with ensure complete local community leaders. If required, the Department of retrieval of vegetative Archeology, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh may be consulted to cover and timely transplant such structures on cost basis and such services replacement of perished could be utilized if found warranted. plantations. The TMC is • During ROW clearing operations, any treasure trove, slabs to be represented by with epigraphical evidence or edicts, sculptural or any project implementation material are found and appear to have historical Unit (PIU) of MPRRA, importance, it should be brought to the notice of officials of Forest Department of Archeology, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh Department, Contractor • All public utilities like power transmission cables, telephone and local NGOs and cables, water/sewerage lines, drains, tube wells etc falling coordinated by within ROW to be relocated to services corridor within Environmental officer of ROW or outside as the case may. Public utilities will be Construction generally shifted by respective agencies like Electricity Supervision Consultant board, telecom dept., public health dept. etc and all such for specific package. costs are to be reimbursed from project cost. Forest Areas (In case • In case, the road construction requires diversion of forest All through the Pre construction Necessary Project Design applicable) land for non forest uses i.e. project development, The alignment of rural phase cost provisions Consultant/PIU / TSC, extent of forest area to be diverted and other roads has been Forest Department documentation as per the guidelines is to be submitted to made Forest department for seeking forest clearances and costs Environmental Officer for afforestation is to be deposited with Forest department. under the PIC The costs to cover for maintenance and upkeep to plants Supervision for at least THREE years include replanting of perished Consultancy package ones. This situation is very likely in fifth batch of roads. will coordinate and • As a compensatory measure, plantation is to be ensure implementation undertaken in degraded forests to the extent of TWICE the area to be diverted as per the norms stipulated by Government of India/State Government.

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • The compensatory afforestation shall be undertaken by Madhya Pradesh Forest Department/ Panchyat bodies in accordance with the provisions of State Forest Act and the guidelines from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India. • Afforestation will be carried out in degraded forests as close as to forest area, which has been diverted. The selection of species, timing and extent and implementation schedule shall be decided by Forest department. • Through this, twice the extent of forestland diverted will be compensated by afforestation. More often compensatory afforestation is carried for diversion of forest areas, which is practically have no vegetative cover and thus development projects also contribute to increase in green cover. Diversion of traffic • Appropriate traffic diversion schemes shall be implemented All through the Construction Borne by Diversion schemes shall so as to avoid inconvenience due to project operations to alignment of rural Phase Contractor be prepared by present road users, particularly during nighttime. roads (in specific Contractor and • Proper diversion schemes will ensure smooth traffic flow stretches as per approved by PIC/PIU/ minimizes accidents, traffic snarl ups, and commotion. progress of TSC • The diversion signs should be bold and clearly visible construction work) particularly at night. Construction Camp Sites • The construction campsites shall be away from any local As determined by Pre construction Borne by All facilities are to human settlements and preferably located on lands, which contractor under & Construction contractor planned and are not productive barren/waste lands presently. The approval of PIC/PIU/ Phase implemented by camps shall have adequate water supply, sanitation and all TSC contractor under requisite infrastructure facilities. This would minimize approval by PIC/PIU/ dependence of construction personnel on outside TSC resources, presently being used by local populace and minimize undesirable social friction thereof. Environmental officer • The camps shall be located at a minimum 1 km from forest and other team land/areas to deter the construction labor in trespassing. members of PIC will • The camps shall have septic tank/soak pit of adequate monitor and ensure capacity so that it can function properly for the entire appropriate duration of its use. implementation

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • All construction camps shall have rationing facilities particularly for kerosene/LPG so that dependence on firewood for cooking is avoided completely to the extent possible. • The construction camps shall have health care facilities particularly for kerosene/LPG so that dependence on firewood for cooking is avoided completely to the extent possible. • The camps shall have septic tank/soak pit of adequate capacity so that it can function properly for the entire duration of its use. • All construction camps shall have rationing facilities particularly for kerosene/LPG so that dependence on firewood for cooking is avoided to the extent possible. • The construction camps shall have health care facilities for adults, pregnant women and children. • All construction personnel shall be subjected to routine vaccinations and other preventive/healthcare measures. • The construction camps shall have in house community/common entertainment facilities. Dependence of local entertainment outlets by construction camps should be discouraged /prohibited to the extent possible. Haul roads • Existing tracks / roads are to be used for hauling of As determined by Construction Borne by The planning, design materials to extent possible. contractor under Phase Contractor and construction/up • The alignment of haul roads (in case of new ones approval of PIC / PIU/ gradation of roads to be transportation link shall be finalized to avoid agricultural TSC used as haulage roads lands to the extent possible. In unavoidable circumstances, are responsibilities of suitable compensation may be paid to people whose land contractor under will be temporarily acquired for the duration of operations. approval of PIC / PIU The compensation shall cover for loss of income for the duration of acquisition and land restoration. Environmental officer • Prior to construction of roads, topsoil shall be preserved or and team members of at least shall be used for any other useful purposes like PIC will monitor and using in turfing of embankment rather than allowing its loss ensure appropriate by construction activities. implementation

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • Water tankers with suitable sprinkling system are to be Environmental officer deployed along haul roads. Water may be sprinkled for at will coordinate with the least 3 times per day all along the route to suppress the villagers to ensure that airborne dust due to the vehicular movement particularly on their interests are unpaved roads. protected and no social • The vehicles deployed for material transportation shall be resentment sets in. spillage proof to avoid or minimize the spillage of the material during transportation. In any case, the transportation links are to be inspected at least twice daily to clear accidental spillage, if any. • The borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals. Quarries • Material, particularly aggregates shall be sourced only from As determined by Construction Borne by The selection of licensed quarries. contractor under Phase Contractor quarries and material • A list of such quarries is available from Department of approval of PIC / PIU selection will be mines & Geology, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh contractor responsibility • All such quarries shall have occupational safety under approval of PIC procedures/practices in place and regular inspection shall /PIU/TSC be carried to ensure compliance. Environmental officer • Large material drawls should not be a cause for neglect of and team members of safety procedures which is otherwise common. PIC will monitor and ensure appropriate implementation of mitigation actions. Work sites • All personnel in work sites shall have protective gears like As determined by Construction Borne by Planning and impleme- helmets, boots etc. so that injuries to personnel are contractor under Phase Contractor ntation of all facilities minimized. approval of PIC /PIU by contractor under • Children and pregnant women shall not be allowed to work PIC/PIU/TSC approval under any circumstances. • No personnel shall be allowed to work at site for more than Environmental officer 10 hours per day (8 hour makes one work shift). Personnel and team members of who are likely to exposed to noise levels beyond stipulated PIC will monitor and limits shall be provided with protective gears like ear plugs ensure appropriate etc and regularly rotated. implementation.

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • Regular water sprinkling of water shall be ensured so that dust levels are kept to minimum. Construction Equipment • All equipment / vehicles deployed for construction activities As determined by Construction Borne by Contractor is Vehicles shall be regularly maintained and not older than 5 years. contractor under Phase Contractor responsible for ensuring • Vehicles/equipment shall be regularly subjected for approval of PIC /PIU provision of facilities emission tests and shall have valid POLLUTION UNDER under approval by PIC / CONTROL certificates. Revalidation of certificates shall be PIU done once in a month. • All vehicles deployed for material movement shall be spill Environmental officer proof to the extent possible. and other team • In any case all material movement routes shall be members of PIC will inspected daily twice to clear off any accidental spills. monitor and ensure appropriate implementation

Environmental officer will regularly interact with the local people who are likely to be affected to ensure that their interests are protected and no social resentment sets in. Water resources & Drainage • The rural road construction will also require construction of At all locations of CD Construction To be borne by The planning, and channels several cross drainage structures, minor and major bridges structures along the Phase contractor construction / up to facilitate development in accordance with design rural roads gradation of requirements and standards. existing/new cross • Most water bodies across roads are non-perennial and drainage structures drain storm water only for few weeks during monsoon roads are season. responsibilities of • Impacts arising out of construction of drainage structures is contractor under not likely to impact drainage pattern since under the road approval by PIC /PIU/ design, pattern of flow and discharge capacities of all TSC drainage structures are reviewed and designed to negate any heading up or flooding problems.

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Initial Environmental Examination Report – Madhya Pradesh

Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • Impacts on water quality are not significant or either Environmental officer negligible since construction activities to be scheduled to and other team complete during dry months of year. members of PIC will • Adequate precaution is to be taken to prevent monitor and ensure oil/lubricant/hydrocarbon contamination of channel beds. appropriate Spillage if any shall be immediately cleared with utmost implementation caution to leave no traces. • Channel beds are to be cleaned up (50 m u/s & 50 m d/s sides of water courses) and restored to its previous state after completion of construction but prior to onset of monsoon. Borrow areas • Borrow areas identified / suggested during project As determined by Construction To be borne by Sourcing of borrowing preparation are to be investigated for presence of contractor under Phase Contractor materials and all related ecologically sensitive areas if any and cleared thereof. approval of PIC / PIU activities like planning & • Within these locations, the actual extent of area/zones to deployment of the most be excavated areas is to be demarcated with signboards. optimum, number of All such operational areas are to be access controlled vehicles without particularly for locals and for grazing cattle. disregarding the • Through this project, the borrow areas / pits may be existing users in case of converted into surface / ponds wherever possible, as a existing linkages and derivative of development. Some of the ponds could serve construction / as source of water for agriculture, a practice prevalent in upgradation of existing / Madhya Pradesh new haulage roads • The top soil recovered from newly acquired land areas for under approval by PIC road construction is preserved and used for turfing of /PIU. embankment(s) Environmental officer • As per the current regulations, use of fly ash is mandatory and other team for all construction works within a radius of 100 km from members of PIC will any thermal power plant. Therefore, fly ash shall be used in monitor and ensure all road construction works, which are within the 100 km appropriate from thermal power stations. implementation •

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Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization Air Quality • All operational areas under the road construction works are All operational areas Construction Necessary Contractor is to be regularly monitored (atleast ONCE in a season) for air as determined by PIC phase cost provisions responsible for ensuring quality parameters such as SPM, RPM, SO2, NOx, HC, CO /PIU have been a occupationally healthy etc. made environment for all • This will ensure identification of operations/areas of personnel irrespective concern with regard to air pollution. Operational areas of category under include, work sites, haulage roads, hot mix plants, quarries, approval of PIC borrow sites, human settlement etc. mitigation measures /PIU/TSC such water sprinkling for dust suppression, permitting Environmental officer construction equipment/vehicles having POLLUTION and other team UNDER CONTROL certificates will reduce work area members of PIC will concentration of air pollutants like RPM, SO2, NOx, HC, CO monitor and ensure etc. does not exceed permissible limits and therefore does appropriate not contribute to build up of pollutants implementation Environmental officer shall requisition services of private / governmental agencies for undertaking periodic environmental monitoring if necessary to ensure compliance of contractor in this regard. Soil erosion and conservation • Along rural roads the widening activities will raise, extend At all sections of road Construction Forms part of Erosion and enlarge existing roadway / tracks all along the construction involving phase project cost Control/embankment alignment therefore mitigation measures to contain erosion embankment section. protection measures in and drainage problems are essential along ROW accordance with the • Measures to ensure embankment stabilization including DPR and/or as selection of less erodable material, good compaction, re- governed by local site vegetation, placement of gabions or any suitable measures conditions shall be around bridges and culverts etc. (in case required) are prepared by contractor included in technical specification and contract documents. under approval of PIC The engineering measures for countering soil erosion, /PIU slope protection, drainage wherever required considered for project highway and detailed project report.

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Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • Many of impacts on soil due to road construction can be Environmental officer significantly mitigated by some of the following measures and other team a) Minimizing area of ground clearance only to the extent members of PIC will required. monitor and ensure b) Balancing the filling and cutting of earth to the extent appropriate possible. implementation. c) Avoiding creation of cut slopes and embankment which are of an angle greater than natural angle of repose for Environmental officer locally available soil type. may consult with the d) Replanting disturbed area(s) immediately after regional forest officers disturbance due to construction has stopped and NOT of Forest Department, after construction has been completed. Govt. of Madhya Pradesh in selecting endemic species, which also can serve engineering functions. Archeological • Strict adherence of Mitigation measures such as controlled All through the Pre construction To be borne by Contractor is monuments/ruins/religious movement of men and material particularly heavy alignment of rural and contractor responsible for ensuring structures/temples vehicles/construction equipment, avoiding/minimizing road construction a noise/vibration free activities which produce vibrations, use of vibration phase environment especially dampers ;if vibrations are unavoidable, prohibiting in such stretches. unauthorized movement of construction personnel / labour Appropriate measures near ruins etc. are to be enforced to prevent any damage to as stipulated in DPR temple environs due to project development. and / or governed by • All construction activities of rural roads are to be carried out local site conditions are with utmost care. In case any slabs with epigraphical to be implemented by evidence or edicts, sculptural, historical remains or any contractor under other materials pertaining to archeological / historical approval of PIC / PIU importance, Department of Archeology, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh should be immediately informed and all activities Environmental officer in and around such stretches site is cleared by Department and other team of Archeology. members of PIC will • Any coins, artifacts or any other chance find will be notified monitor and ensure by the contractor. The work will be stopped and instruction appropriate will be taken from archeological department. implementation.

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Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • Number of small temples / and idols falling within ROW are to be transplanted / relocated to suitable places acceptable to local community. Interactions with local community leaders are to be initiated well in advance and necessary measures required for relocation of structures to complete satisfaction of local community. Governmental agencies such as Department of Archeology, Government of Madhya Pradesh will also be contacted in case assistance required. Hot Mix Plants • Hot mix plants shall be at least 500 m away from any As determined by Construction To be borne by Contractor is human settlements and preferably located on leeward side. contractor under phase contractor responsible for ensuring • Hot mix plants / sites shall be located on barren / approval of PIC /PIU a occupationally healthy uncultivable lands. Diversion of cultivable/agricultural lands, and hazard free even preferred by local people for economic gain shall not environment for all be allowed unless otherwise warranted by specific local personnel irrespective conditions. of category and also for communities in and around operational areas under approval of PIC /PIU. Environmental officer and other team members of PIC will monitor and ensure appropriate implementation. Environmental officer shall requisition services of private /Governmental agencies for undertaking periodic environmental monitoring if necessary to ensure compliance of contractor in this regard.

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Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization Loss of Fertile soil • Clearing operations within ROW and at all places of All through the ROW Pre construction To be borne by Contractor is operational areas like borrow areas, work areas, labour of roads and at and contractor responsible for ensuring camps, construction of new/ up gradation of existing to new Borrow areas construction a proper utilization of haulage roads, hot mix plants, storage areas etc. shall phase fertile soil under consider preservation of fertile soil. approval of PIC /PIU • As a first option, topsoil should be restored to its initial Environmental officer place after the specific activity is completed for which the shall requisition area was vacated, or for enriching some other place like services of private / embankment slopes for turfing/erosion protective measure. governmental agencies The topsoil can also be used for supporting re-plantation for undertaking periodic activities within ROW/median. monitoring if necessary to ensure compliance of contractor in this regard. Accidental risks from blasting • All hazardous operations like blasting, deep excavations All selected stretches Construction Forms part of Contractor is along road way and in quarries shall be access controlled for nearby local of alignment / ROW phase project cost responsible for ensuring people/onlookers. where rocks are To be borne by a occupationally healthy • Adequate caution regarding blasting shall be notified for encountered, contractor and hazard free people living by if any well in advance. (anticipated rarely) environment for all • The blasting operations if required shall be carried out in personnel irrespective lean traffic hours with adequate precautionary signs for of category and also for existing traffic particularly for slow moving traffic to prevent communities in and any accidents / injuries due to operations. around all operational areas under approval of PIC /PIU Environmental officer and other team members of PIU will monitor and ensure appropriate implementation Location of campsites, storage • The location of campsites, storage depots shall preferably As determined by Construction To be borne by Contractor is depots on unproductive/barren lands, away from forest areas contractor under Phase Contractor responsible for ensuring (minimum 1 km). approval of PIC /PIU suggested actions • Use of agricultural/ cultivable lands shall not be allowed under approval of PIIC/ under any circumstances. PIU

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Project Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Cost Implementing / Action/Environmental Responsible Attributes Organization • All fuel loading, unloading, storage areas shall be spill Environmental Officer proof, leakage proof and carried out on paved areas. and other team • The sites shall have suitable system to drain storm water, members of PIC will sanitary facilities and shall not contaminate any near by monitor and ensure water courses / drains. appropriate • The site shall also have a system for handling any implementation emergency situation like fire, explosion etc. Storage of hazardous materials • All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials shall As determined by Construction To be borne by Contractor is be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to contractor under Phase Contractor responsible for ensuring combat emergency situations. approval of PIC /PIU a occupationally healthy • The personnel in charge of such areas shall be properly and hazard free trained, licensed and with sufficient experience. environment for all • The areas shall be access controlled and entry shall be personnel irrespective allowed only under authorization. of category and also for communities in and around all operational areas under approval of PIC /PIU

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Appendix 4

Environmental Monitoring Control Matrix – Construction Phase

S. Environmental Mitigation measures (for detail Monitoring Frequency No. Attributes / description refer to EMAP Appendix 3) Project Actions Daily Weekly Quarterly Monthly 1 Setting out and Archeological evidence / idols / tombs if clearing ROW noticed /found –inform Archeological 3 Department 2 Relocation of Ensure complete restoration without Utilities impacting existing users 3 3 Traffic Diversions & Diversions to be smooth sign boards in Sign Boards place, clear & bold particularly in night & 3 cause least inconvenience to road users 4 Borrow Areas Seek prior approval from local environmental regulatory agencies and 3 3 compliance at all stages of operations. After borrowing ensure re-vegetation, drainage, erosion protection as per EMAP 5 Quarries Compliance of local environmental regulations in project specific quarries and 3 at all stages of operations 6 Haul roads Avoid agricultural lands, finalization of compensation for land owners, regular 3 inspection to check inconvenience to locals, spillage, dust levels /watering frequency, noise level. Restoration after ;operations with wearing course and handing over road to local community 7 Work sites Comply with local Environmental regulations for air quality, noise, 3 occupational hazard & safety procedures at all stages work 8 Ground water level Bore wells shall be away form human in and around settlements determine sustainable yield 3 construction tube restrict withdrawal of water within yield wells recommended for region. Monitor depth of water below ground level in wells in and around construction tube wells before start and after completion of water withdrawal for the day 9 Construction Ensure vehicles are regularly maintained Equipment / have pollution under control certificates 3 3 Vehicles revalidated every month

10 Air quality at all Record SPM, RPM, CO, HC, Nox, SO2 operational areas levels for 24 hourly in 8 hr. shifts as per 3 3 under project methods / procedures recommended by CPCB/SPCB 11 Noise at all Record noise levels at every 5 minutes for 3 operational areas 24 hours (both day time & night time) 12 Vibration near Restricted movement of work force, temples, Mosque & equipment and activities. Also record 3 3 any other similar vibration levels during a typical working religious structure shift from a specialized agency before the start, during and after completion of operations

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S. Environmental Mitigation measures (for detail Monitoring Frequency No. Attributes / description refer to EMAP Appendix 3) Project Actions Daily Weekly Quarterly Monthly 13 Top soil from land Preserve and restore the topsoil. If can not clearing operations be used for restoration, divert for other applications like re-vegetation, As and when the situation arises embankment turfing and alike 14 Hot Mix Plants Located at least 500 m from settlements, barren land and not agricultural lands. 3 3 Monitor air quality, waste discharge and noise levels regularly as mentioned under Sl. No. 10, 11 above. Ensure all operations comply with local environmental regulations 15 POL (liquid and POL storage areas have impervious lining, solid waste) / containment ditches, oil & grease traps as 3 3 Hazardous Storage per EMAP. Regular inspection & Areas maintenance. Comply all local environmental regulations 16 Soil erosion and Borrow areas shall have gentle slopes conservation connected to near by natural water 3 bodies, re-vegetated 17 Channel / River Ensure most activities are scheduled for beds dry months reshaping of channel bed after 3 completion of construction 18 Archeological Archeological evidence / idols /tombs if monuments /ruins / noticed / found-inform Archeological religious structures Department. Temples within ROW are / temples relocated in consultation with community As and when the situation arises leaders. Coordinate with Social team. 19 Water Supply Adequate water supply as per norms Sanitation & Health septic tanks and soak away pits. 3 at camp sites Kerosene and LPG supply, health care facilities vaccination for work force camps 20 Construction of Consult affected parties like hospitals, Noise Barriers educational institutions for eliciting opinion As and when the situation arises during constructing barriers

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Appendix 5

Persons/PIUs/PRIs Consulted During Field Visit

District Name Designation Contact Number Mr. Sanjay Dubey Chief Executive Office 9425050333 Mr. M K Gupta E-in-C 9425300296 Bhopal Mr. S C Sahu CGM-II 9425004042 Mr. A K Nagaria GM, Tech. 9425673358 Mr. H Sharma AM, Hq. Mr. N K Pitaliya GM, Sehore I 9425393711 Mr. K K Chore GM, Sehore II 9425193218 Mr. Ashutosh Sukla AGM, Sehore II Mr. Arjun Singh Sarpanch, Mullani Mr. Balram Chandra Panchayat Secretary, Mullani Mr. Gendalala Yadav Sarpanch, Barkheda Dor Mr. C S Verma Panchayat Secretary, Nipania Mr. K N Verma G P Member, Nipania Sehore Mr. Mohan Singh Secy, Dupadiya Mr. Dev Chand G P Member, Dupadiya Mr. Promod Singh Villager, Farmer Mr. Gulab Singh Villager, Farmer Mr. Bhopal Singh Villager, Farmer Mr. Chandrapal Singh Villager, Farmer Mr. Mangilal Villager, Farmer Mr. Harinarayan Pandey School teacher Mr. Balaram Villager Mr. S K Tamrakar AM, Vidisha Mr. Arya AM, Vidisha Mr. R P Mishra AM, Vidisha Mr. Ramprasad Singh Villager, Farmer Vidisha Mr. Sitaram Villager, Farmer Mr. Ajay Singh Villager, Farmer Mr. Harman Singh Villager, Farmer Mr. Manmohan Villager, Farmer Gwalior Mr. K M Jain GM, Gwalior 9425075378 Mr.U C Agrawal AM, Morena 9438289566 Morena Mr. Netram Pujari Sarpanch, Manpur Bhalla Mr. Manoj Acharya GM, Biaora 9893243688 Mr. A P Sharma AM, Biaora Mr. Ramnaryan Yadav Ex Sarpanch Mr. Kishore Singh Villager, Farmer Rajgarh Mr. Durga Prasad Villager, Farmer Mr. Suresh Sarma Villager, Farmer Mr. Ramesh Malui Villager, Farmer Mr. Sanju Singh Villager, Farmer Shivpuri Mr. S Khuswaha GM, Shivpuri 9425019042 Mr. S S Kashyap GM, Sheopur 9425825117 Sheopur Mr. D K Parashar AM, Sheopur Datia Mr. Rajiv Kumar Sharma GM, Datia 9425339638

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