Environmental Assessment Report

Initial Environmental Examination for SH-41: Agar–Barod–– Project Road Project Number: 43063 November 2010

IND: State Roads Project III

Prepared by Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Table of Contents Executive Summary …………………………………………………………………………vii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Project Background/Rationale ...... 1 1.2. Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) and Environmental Assessment ...... 2 1.3. Purpose of the Study ...... 2 1.4. Extent of IEE ...... 3 1.5. IEE Content ...... 3 1.6. Team Composition and Acknowledgements ...... 3 1.7. Methodology ...... 3 1.7.1. Information/ data Sources ...... 4 1.7.2. Public Consultation ...... 5 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 6 2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project ...... 6 2.2. Environmental Clearance Process ...... 7 2.3. Administrative Structure and the Interactive framework ...... 9 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 10 3.1. Project Location ...... 10 3.2. Characteristics of the Existing road ...... 11 3.3. Category of the Project ...... 14 3.4. Need for the Sub-Project ...... 15 3.5. Existing and Projected Traffic ...... 15 3.6. Key Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities ...... 16 3.7. Material required and Sourcing ...... 24 3.8. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost ...... 26 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 27 4.2.1. Meteorology and Climate ...... 28 4.2.2. Air and Noise Quality ...... 30 4.2.3. Topography and Geomorphology ...... 31 4.2.4. Geology/Soil ...... 32 4.2.5. Seismicity ...... 33 4.2.6. Land use ...... 34 4.2.7. Hydrology and Drainage ...... 35 4.2.8. Groundwater ...... 36 4.2.9. Surface water ...... 37 4.3. Ecological Resources ...... 38 4.3.1. Terrestrial Ecology ...... 38 4.3.2. Aquatic Ecology ...... 47 4.4. Socio-Economic Development ...... 48 4.5. Social and Cultural Resources ...... 50 4.5.1. Population and Communities ...... 50 4.5.2. Literacy ...... 52 4.5.3. Occupational Status ...... 52 4.5.4. Structures or sites of historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural significance ...... 53 5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 54 5.1.1. Climate ...... 54 ii

5.1.2. Natural Hazard ...... 55 5.1.3. Air Quality ...... 55 5.1.4. Noise ...... 56 5.1.5. Impact on Land and Soil ...... 58 5.1.6. Groundwater ...... 61 5.1.7. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies ...... 61 5.1.8. Hydrology and Drainage ...... 63 5.2. Impact on Biological Environment ...... 64 5.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology ...... 64 5.2.2. Aquatic Ecology ...... 68 5.2.3. Fauna ...... 69 5.3. Management of Construction Debris/Waste ...... 69 5.4. Socio-Economic Impact ...... 70 5.4.1. Positive Impacts ...... 70 5.4.2. Anticipated Negative Impacts ...... 70 5.4.3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic ...... 73 5.4.4. Transportation and Storage of Materials ...... 74 5.5. Cumulative and Induced Impact ...... 76 6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 78 6.1. Consultation Method and Information Disclosed ...... 78 6.2. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements ...... 78 6.3. Beneficiaries’ Comments ...... 81 7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDDRESS MECHANISM 84 7.1. Environmental Management Plan ...... 84 7.1.1. Social Development and Indigenous People Development Program (IPDP):84 7.1.2. Emergency Response Plan ...... 84 7.2. Environmental Monitoring Program (EMoP) ...... 84 7.2.1. Monitoring schedule and performance indicator ...... 85 7.2.2. Authorities and their Responsibilities for Implementation of EMoP ...... 86 7.3. Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement ...... 86 7.3.2. Institutional / Capacity Building ...... 90 7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 92 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 93 8.1. Conclusions ...... 93 8.2. Key Recommendations: ...... 94

List of Tables Table 1.1 : Road Sections under MP State Highways III Project ...... 1 Table 1.2 : Primary and Secondary Information Sources ...... 4 Table 2.1 : Permissions/Clearances Required for the Sub-Project ...... 6 Table 3.1 : Carriageway Details ...... 11 Table 3.2 : Road Stretches for Reconstruction ...... 12 Table 3.3 : List of Major and Minor Intersections ...... 13 Table 3.4 : ADT of Project Road ...... 15 Table 3.5 : Summary of Projected Traffic for the Project Road ...... 16 Table 3.6 : Details of Existing Carriage Way with Widening Proposal ...... 18 Table 3.7 : Cement Concrete Lined Drain ...... 19 Table 3.8 : Crash Barrier Location ...... 20 Table 3.9 : Lighting ...... 21 Table 3.10 : Bus Stop Locations ...... 21 iii

Table 3.11 : Stone Pitching ...... 23 Table 3.12 : List of Borrow Area ...... 25 Table 4.1 : Summary of Important Features of the Project Districts ...... 27 Table 4.2 : Monthly Rainfall data (mm) in the project districts for the last six years ...... 30 Table 4.3 : Ambient Air Quality Along the project section (24 Hourly) ...... 31 Table 4.4 : Noise Level in dB (A) Along the Project Corridor ...... 31 Table 4.5 : Physiochemical Characteristics of soil in the project road ...... 33 Table 4.6 : Land Use Pattern in the State ...... 34 Table 4.7 : Chainage wise Land Use Pattern along the project road ...... 35 Table 4.8 : List of Surface Water Sources Along/Across Project Corridor ...... 36 Table 4.9 : Groundwater Quality Along the Project Corridor ...... 37 Table 4.10 : Surface Water Quality of the river in project area ...... 37 Table 4.11 : List of Plant Species found in the Study Area ...... 40 Table 4.12 : List of Fauna found in the Study Area ...... 43 Table 4.13 : List of Reptiles in the Study Area ...... 43 Table 4.14 : List of Avifauna found in the Study Area ...... 44 Table 4.15 : Trees along Project Road (within 20m width) ...... 45 Table 4.16 : Demographic Profile of the State and the country ...... 50 Table 4.17 : List of villages in the project road ...... 51 Table 5.1 : List of Noise-Sensitive Locations along the Alignment ...... 57 Table 5.2 List of Trees to be Cut ...... 64 Table 5.3 : Common Property Resources Along the Alignment ...... 75 Table 6.1 : Summary of Consultation held with various Government Departments ...... 79 Table 6.2 : Summary of Consultation with NGOs ...... 80 Table 6.3 : Consultation with local community ...... 82 Table 7.1 : Roles and Duties of Implementing Agency/Organisations ...... 87 Table 7.2 Combined Training Budget for MPSRSP II ...... 90

List of Figures Figure 2.1 : Environmental Clearance Procedure in ...... 8 Figure 2.2 : Legislative Interface among various regulatory bodies ...... 9 Figure 3.1 : Connectivity to the project Road ...... 11 Figure 3.2 : Typical Cross section of the project Road ...... 17 Figure 4.1 : Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh ...... 29 Figure 4.2 : Hazard and Seismic Zoning Map ...... 34 Figure 4.3 : Drainage map of the project road SH-41...... 36 Figure 4.4 : Forest Cover Map of Madhya Pradesh ...... 39 Figure 4.5 : National Parks and Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh ...... 42 Figure 4.6 : Demographic Status of the Project Section ...... 52 Figure 4.7 : Literacy rate along the project section ...... 52 Figure 4.8 : Occupational status along the Alignment ...... 53 Figure 7.1 : Proposed Structure for EMP/EMOP Implementation ...... 89

List of Appendix Appendix 3.1: Inventory and Survey Condition of Bridges ...... 96 Appendix 3.2: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist ...... 97 Appendix 3.4: Details of Chainage-wise Existing and Proposed Design Speed and Curve Radius ...... 101 Appendix 4.1 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards ...... 102 Appendix 4.2 : Ambient Noise Level Limits (In Leq dB(A)), India ...... 103

iv

Appendix 4.3 : Drinking Water Standards And Probable Effects on Human Health (BIS: IS: 10500, 1991) ...... 104 Appendix 4.4 : Water Quality Criteria And Standards for Freshwater Classification (CPCB, 1979) ...... 107 Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management ...... 108 Appendix 7.1: Environmental Management Plan (SH-38: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora 108.70 km) ...... 112 Appendix 7.2: Monitoring Plan for the Performance Indicators ...... 134

v

Map 1: Location Map of MP State Highways Project

vi

Map 2: Location Map of SH-41: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora Project Road vii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction 1. Madhya Pradesh, with abundant mineral resources, and growing agricultural and industrial pr oduction, n eed a w ell dev eloped r oad ne twork to cater to the increasing intra-state and regional traffic. Also, since it is centrally located within the country, most of the long haul north-south and east-west bound road traffic passes through the state. Therefore, the existing inadequate and damaged road infrastructure needs to be improved on priority to sustain the economic and social progress of the state. The improved road network with good interlinking between national, s tate hi ghways and major di strict roads w ill not onl y c ontribute i n significantly developing rural economy and r educing poverty but also increase the road capacity to cater the high projected traffic, reduce travel time and al so contribute for lesser vehicular pollution emission. 2. Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), the executing agency (EA), is responsible to provide an integrated transport system in the state that i s s afe, e fficient, a ffordable, ac cessible to al l and env ironmentally sustainable. As per its mandate, MPRDC plans to improve various major district roads t o at l east two l anes c arriage way le vel with funding s upport from A sian Development Bank (ADB). 3. To addr ess t his p roblem, Government o f M adhya P radesh ( GOMP) has approached ADB for financial assistance for improving a total of 15 state roads covering a length of about 1081 kms under Madhya Pradesh State Highways III P roject (MPSRSP III) programmed to be p rocessed for i mplementation i n 2010.The project also includes the institutional strengthening of the road sector under s eparate TA 7198(IND) which will enhan ce E A’s c apacity f or r oad a sset development and management.

Description of Project 4. The proposed upgrading/rehabilitation of the State Highway-41: Agar-Barod-Alot- Jaora Sub-project, one of t he 15 s tate highway subprojects, is divided into five sections. T he Agar-Barod section covers 25. 6 km, followed by B arod J unction- bor der w hich c overs 8. 03 k m, B arod J unction- di strict bor der (14 km) in district and border-Alot section covers 13 km finally ending at Agar-Jaora section covering 48 kms. The subproject will upgrade the ex isting bad to v ery bad r oad c ondition i nto a pav ed 2 -lane di vided carriageway c onfiguration w ith i mproved r oad geometry, pr oper and ad equate embankment, r ehabilitation o f ex isting br idges, ade quate c ross d rainage structures and side drains, improvement of junctions/intersections, underpasses, and way side amenities. This road design will be adequate to cater to the volume of traffic until 2030 which is predicted to increase from the current range of 2502- 4748 to 28942 vehicles (average annual dai ly traffic). The s ub-project wil l b e implemented in 18-24 months with an estimated cost of INR 1558 Million. 5. The sub-project was classified as Category-B as provided in the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) based on screening of likely impacts and sub-project location which does not pass through or located near any national park, wildlife sanctuary, o r any ot her ec ologically s ensitive or pr otected a reas. N o archaeological/protected m onument i s l ocated i n t he pr oject v icinity. U nder t he

viii

EIA Notification, 2006 promulgated under Environment (Protection) Act 1986, the subproject is categorised as Category ‘B” and does not require prior environmental clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)1. 6. IEE w as c onducted bas ed on Detailed Project R eport and s ub-project det ails provided by the design team during the preparation of this report. The IEE covers all ac tivities pr oposed under t he pr oject i ncluding v arious b ridges and c ross- drainage structures constructions. The core zone of impact is taken as 100 meters ei ther s ide o f t he al ignment. H owever, t he s tudy ar ea i mpact z one i s considered up to 7 km on bot h sides o f r oad alignment t o al low f or a l arger analysis of landuse and other environmental features.

Description of Environment 7. The Sub-Project road is mainly passing through the Shajapur and Ratlam district where the climate is characterized b y hot summer and g eneral dr yness except during t he s outh west monsoon season. T he m aximum t emperature r eceived during summer season is 39.9°C and 45°C while minimum during winter as 9.6°C and 3°C in Shajapur and Ratlam district respectively. The average wind speed is observed as 17 k m/hr during summer s eason. The r ainfall pat tern o f b oth t he districts is almost same. The maximum rainfall recorded during last five years is 1634 mm in Ratlam district. 8. The ambient ai r quality levels conform to t he prescribed National A mbient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) with concentrations of SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx ranging from 62.8 to 190.5 µg/m3, 30.6 to 85.3 µg/m3, 4.3 to 12.7 µg/m3 and 4.3 to 12.1 µg/m3 respectively in the project area. The noise levels are also within the prescribed limits. 9. The road section passing through the falls under the Agar plateau, Kali Sindh Basin and the Shajapur Upland. The rest of the road section passes through Ratlam district where the physiology comprises of Plateau with the elevation r anging from about 1, 650 to 2, 000 feet ( 500 t o 600 m etres). Geologically the project area constitutes the extensive Deccan Trap Basalts (Upper C retaceous t o L ower E ocene i n ag e), o verlain b y v ariable t hickness o f alluvium of recent origin. The dominant soil type is clay with good organic content 10. The land use along the project section is predominantly agricultural on either side of the project road. Built-up area constitutes about less than 10% and rest is occupied f or plantation, water bodies, community pr operty resources, and miscellaneous use. 11. The pr oject r oad i n t he Ratlam di strict falls i n G anga and C hambal s ub bas in. The watershed areas of the Ratlam district are Upper-Chambal, Middle-Chambal Shipra. The project area is crossed by rivers like Chambal, Sipra, Kachhal, Choti Kalisindh and other small streams. The surface water sample taken from Shipra and Kalisindh has been found suitable for Irrigation- Class D and propagation of wild lif e a nd fisheries -Class-E. The ground w ater av ailability al ong t he pr oject

1 The EA has yet to formally approach MoEF for formal categorisation and grant of environmental clearance.

ix

road area is poor. However, the quality conforms to the prescribed standards for drinking water. 12. There are no wildlife-sanctuaries and nat ional park near the project area. Since most pa rt o f the pr oject c orridor pas ses through open ag ricultural l and, l arge number of roadside trees is not affected considering to the length of the project road. T rees along r oadside ar e m ainly non -fruit bear ing i n nat ure whereas privately owned orchards are mostly comprised of fruit bearing trees. The major species obs erved ar e Mango, t eak, neem , jamun, pal as, s aja, s easam, mahua etc. During t he survey l angur and macaque were s ighted i n different l ocations. The existence of fauna like jackals, foxes, hare, and macaque was also reported. 13. Despite abundant water bodies in the project area, large scale/organized fishing was not observed along the project road due their seasonal behaviour. There is no breeding or spawning ground of these species in any of the water bodies in the project area since the water av ailability and flow velocity is quite low and unfavourable for breeding. No migratory fishes are found in these rivers. 14. The ec onomy o f M adhya P radesh is bas ed on agr iculture, forest p roducts, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The agriculture along the project section is dominated by Oilseed (Soyabeen in particular). The state is one of the largest producers of cement in the country. The major industries in the state are- cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Prints and S ugar mills. The total number o f households i n t he v illages o f t he pr oject r oad i s 14263 w ith a t otal population of 82906. Out of these, about 85% is general. The SC/ST population accounts for about 15% of the total population. The project road passing through the Ratlam and Shajapur districts of Madhya Pradesh covering villages have total l iteracy r ate o f 6 1.40 % .The popul ation of l iterate m ale ( 59.62%) i s comparatively high than female literate (40.37%). Tribal population in the project area is low (2% in the project area).

Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 15. All p re-construction, c onstruction, and ope ration ac tivities t hat w ere l ikely t o cause env ironmental impacts were i dentified, and ev aluated t o as sess t heir magnitude, dur ation, and pot ential r eceptors i n c onsultation w ith t he stakeholders. C onsultations w ere m ade w ith t he g overnment representatives (District Forest Office, State Pollution Control Board, Water Resources Department, D irectorate of E conomics and S tatistics, and t he D istrict R ural Development A uthority), l ocal c ommunities (Islamnagar and A lot), and N GOs ( Yuwa Paryavaran Shikshan and Samajik Sansthan, Ecosake Society for Environment C onservation and S ocial A wareness, G reen H eart N ature C lub, Forum for Environmental Protection, Energy Environment and Development Group, C entre for E nvirocare and E nergy T echnology) bet ween April to J une 2010.

Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 16. The s ignificant i mpacts dur ing des ign and c onstruction s tage i nclude t he constricted sections of the roads which will be by-passed or require road alignment i mprovement to avoid and m inimize r esettlement and other sensitive

x

structures and l ocations par ticularly i n Islamnagar ( Ch. 59 .5), A lot ( Ch. 44. 5). Since t he s ub-project ar ea i s hav ing m ixed t errain, flood s ituation m ay g et exacerbated due to i nadequate c ross dr ainage structures and r aising of embankments without proper balancing culverts. An estimated 144 t rees will be removed along the ROW to allow for road expansion but will be compensated at a rate of 1:10 plantations. Short-term deterioration of air quality may take place due t o i ncrease i n fugitive d ust em issions and noi se l evel f rom ea rthmoving, ground s haping, unpav ed t ransport, and e missions from heav y eq uipment and other m obile sources. Water sprinkling to control dus t, use o f clean fuels, changing t he l ocation and t iming o f c onstruction ac tivities and maintenance o f equipments will minimize these impacts. Land use conversion particularly of residential areas and relocation of structures within the ROW will only be implemented following a m eaningful consultation and ac ceptable c ompensation and relocation agreements. All borrow areas will comply with national laws and regulations. Impacts from t he es tablishment an d oper ation o f the c onstruction camps l ike generation and di sposal o f s olid wastes, s ewage, po table w ater requirements, health/hygiene, and safety is part of the contractor’s responsibility highlighting the need for c ompliance w ith appl icable l aws. Waste and material use minimization will be promoted to decrease the volume of wastes that will be generated. Tr affic s afety t o workers and pede strian, pa rticularly t o c hildren i s considered through the strict implementation of a Traffic Control Plan to be prepared by the contractor prior to construction activities and in consultation with the affected communities. 17. During operation stage, the main impacts are on the surface water hydrology since the construction of a road crosses several river/rivulets in the flood-affected sections which can ac t as i mpediment t o na tural flow of w ater. O ther i ssues relate to i ncrease i n m obile em issions, r oad s afety to motorist, pedes trian and animals. To minimize the impact on the local hydrology, adequate cross drains and their proper maintenance will be implemented. Information and education campaign t hrough the u se o f s igns and pos ters di stributed al ong the roadside encouraging m otorist t o pr operly m aintain their v ehicles, and pr oper driving habits to reduce emissions, reduce fuel consumption, and promote safety will be made. Fi nally, t raffic c ontrol m easures will be implemented t o ens ure safety t o pedestrian.

Conclusion 18. In general, t he s ub-project r eceived i mmense support from l ocal peo ple w ith some concerns and apprehensions related to compensation for land and safety on r oads. The l ocal pe ople appr eciated that b esides pr oviding an al l w eather efficient connectivity to large population and i mproving the traffic scenario in the region, it will bear out several other positive economic and s ocial benefits which outweigh the negative environmental impacts. 19. This i nitial env ironmental ex amination ( IEE) as certains that t he sub-project i s unlikely t o c ause any significant env ironmental i mpacts. Few impacts w ere identified attributable to the proposed sub-project, all of which are localized and temporary in nature and can be easily mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts. No additional studies or need of undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged at this stage. 1

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Project Background/Rationale 20. Madhya P radesh, with abundant mineral r esources, and g rowing agricultural and industrial production, need a well developed road network to cater to the increasing intra-state and regional traffic. Also, since it is centrally located within the country, most of the long haul north-south and east-west bound r oad traffic passes through t he s tate. Therefore, t he existing inadequate an d dam aged r oad i nfrastructure needs t o be improved on pr iority t o sustain t he economic and social pr ogress of t he state. The improved road network with good interlinking between national, state highways and m ajor district roads will not only contribute i n significantly developing r ural ec onomy and reducing poverty but al so increase the road capacity to cater the high projected traffic, reduce travel time and also contribute for lesser vehicular pollution emission. 21. Madhya P radesh R oad D evelopment C orporation ( MPRDC), th e executing agency (EA), is responsible to provide an integrated transport system in the state that is safe, efficient, affordable, accessible to all and environmentally s ustainable. A s per its mandate, MPRDC pl ans to improve v arious m ajor district roads to at l east t wo l anes carriage way level with funding support from Asian Development Bank (ADB). 22. Government o f M adhya P radesh ( GOMP) has appr oached A DB f or financial as sistance for improving a t otal o f 15 state r oads c overing a length o f about 1081 k ms under Madhya P radesh State H ighways I II Project (MPSRSP III) programmed to be processed for implementation in 2010. The road sections details under MPSRSP III are given in Table 1.1

Table 1.1 : Road Sections under MP State Highways III Project

S. Road SH Length Districts Name of Roads No. No. No. (KM) I. BHOPAL PACKAGE 1 1 Bhind-Ater-Porsa SH-2 60.85 Bhind –Morena Mihona-Lahar-Daboh-Bhander- 2 2 SH-45 85.70 Bhind-Datia Chirgaon Shivpuri - Pichhore-Chanderi-Mungawali-Onder- 3 3 SH-19 146.50 Ashoknagar- Kurwai Vidisha 4 7 Manawar-Mangod SH-38 49.63 Dhar 5 9 Sardarpur-Rajgarh-Bagh SH-35 50.43 Dhar Shajapur- 6 10 Agar-Barod-Alot-Jawara SH-41 108.70 Ratlam-- Pachor-Chapikheda-Jirapur-Machalpur- Rajgarh- 7 11 SH-51 86.70 Soyat Shajapur 8 13 Badi-Baktar-Dobi-Shahganj-Budhni SH-15 58.78 Raisen-Sehore 9 14 Silwani-Udaipura Road SH-44 28.58 Raisen Total (Bhopal Pkg) 675.87

2

S. Road SH Length Districts Name of Roads No. No. No. (KM) II. PACKAGE 10 16 Rahatgarh-Khurai-Khimlasa SH-42 47.48 Sagar Damoh-Hata-Gasiabad i/c Hata Town 11 18 SH-47 62.66 Damoh Portion Hata-Patera-Kumhari & Raipura- Damoh-Panna- 12 19 SH-48 91.28 Salaiya-Bahuribandh-Sihora Katni-Jabalpur 13 20A Amarpatan-Gorsari-Badera SH-13 46.50 Satna-Katni Sundara-Singhpur-Kothi-Jaitwara- Panna-Satna- 14 21 SH-52 85.29 -Semaria Rewa 15 22 Sidhi-Beohari SH-55 71.29 Sidhi-Shahdol Total (Jabalpur Pkg) 404.49 Grand Total (Bhopal Pkg + Jabalpur 1,080.36 Pkg) Source: MPRDC

1.2. Project P reparatory Technical Assistance ( PPTA) and Environmental Assessment 23. ADB has f ielded TA: 7198 IND to a ssist MPSRDC Road C onstruction Department ( RCD) in pr oject preparation f or possible f inancing o f MPSRSP III. As a part of this TA and safeguard requirement of ADB, environmental assessment has been carried out in accordance with relevant country’s applicable laws, regulations and in consistent to ADB’s Environmental A ssessment Guidelines, 2003 and S afeguard P olicy Statement (SPS), 2009. Each sub-project was scrutinized as to its type, location, s cale, and s ensitivity and the m agnitude of i ts pot ential environmental impacts. 24. The present report pertains to Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora (SH-41) sub- project. This s ub p roject i s categorized as Category ‘ B’ and henc e an initial environmental examination (IEE) has been undertaken. 1.3. Purpose of the Study 25. This I EE r eport doc uments t he env ironmental a ssessment o f the Agar- Barod-Alot-Jaora Road Subproject and i dentifies the env ironmental issues t o be c onsidered at p roject pl anning and design stage. The IEE addresses the environmental management requirements of (i) the Government o f I ndia ( GOI); ( ii) t he donor , A sian D evelopment B ank (ADB), and (iii) the Project. In general, an IEE addresses the following:

o Provides i nformation about t he bas eline env ironmental s etting o f t he subproject; o Provides information on potential environmental impacts of the proposed subproject activities with its magnitude, distribution and duration o Provides i nformation o n required mitigation measures with c ost to minimize the impacts 3

o Analyses the al ternatives opt ions considering al ternative l ocations, designs, management approaches, for selection of most feasible and environmental acceptable options. o Provides details of stack holders consultation o Suggest environmental m anagement and monitoring pl an with institutional measures for effective implementation of mitigative measures proposed. 1.4. Extent of IEE 26. IEE was conducted based on Detailed Project Report (DPR) provided by the design team during the preparation of this report. Certain changes may oc cur in the sub-project structural components but t hese c hanges are unl ikely t o cause significant environmental impacts. The IEE c overs all ac tivities pr oposed u nder t he pr oject i ncluding v arious br idges and cross-drainage structures constructions. The core zone of impact is taken as 100 meters ei ther s ide o f the al ignment. H owever, t he study ar ea i s considered up to 7 km on either side of road alignment for larger analysis of landuse and ot her environmental f eatures. Assessment is carried out for al l c omponents o f env ironment c overing t errestrial and aq uatic ecology, soil, water, noise and socio economic aspects. 1.5. IEE Content 27. The IEE has been largely structured as per SPS , 2009 and A DB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines ( 2003). This i ncludes f ollowing eight chapters including this introduction Chapter. • Chapter 1- Introduction • Chapter 2- Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework • Chapter 3- Description of Project • Chapter 4- Description of Environment • Chapter 5- Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures • Chapter 6- Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation • Chapter 7 - Environment Management Plan and Grievance Redress Mechanism • Chapter 8- Conclusion and Recommendation 1.6. Team Composition and Acknowledgements 28. The environmental assessment has been carried out by the team of the environmental Experts of EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. The environmental team acknowledges the support extended by the executing agency, design consultant, and state departments/agency of forest, water resources, and pollution control Board etc. 1.7. Methodology 29. Suitable methodology was adopted to accomplish the study. As the first step, project-scoping exercise was undertaken identifying the parameters needed t o be c onsidered for t he s tudy and t o outline t he ac tivities f or collecting dat a on ea ch par ameter. D ata pe rtaining t o al l facets o f environment viz. physical, ecological and socio-economic environment

4

both through pr imary and s econdary s ources w ere c ollected. The stepwise activities includes: • Review of legal requirements • Review of feasibility study • Reconnaissance s urvey f or i dentification o f k ey i ssues da ta requirement and preliminary consultation. • Primary and Secondary data Collection • Consultation with stakeholders • Identification of Impacts and Mitigation measures • Institutional Review and finalization of EMP in consultation with EA. 1.7.1. Information/ data Sources Key relevant information sources has been summarised in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2 : Primary and Secondary Information Sources

Environmental Parameters Information Sources Project o bjectives, Technical Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation information on existing r oad (MPRDC) and Design Consultant features and pr oposed rehabilitation work Inventory of r oad features l ike Ground P hysical s urveys and S trip P lans b y water B odies, C ommunity Design Consultant structures, env ironmentally sensitive locations ar eas, congested locations etc. Climatic Condition India meteorological Department, DPR, primary data collection Geology, Seismicity, Soil and Central Ground Water Authority, State of Topography Environment r eport p ublished by SPCB, Government websites and primary data collection Land Use/ Land Cover Survey of I ndia ( SoI) T oposheet, O bservation during survey and Satellite Imagery Drainage Pattern Survey of India Toposheet, water resources, field observation and local people, GIS Based land use analysis Status of forest areas. Compensatory afforestation Divisional Forest Office, Ratlam and Shajapur norms etc. Status of Fishing Activity District Fisheries offices and Local Fishermen Air quality Noise, Soil and Water Onsite monitoring and analysis of field samples Borrow Areas, Quarries and other Design c onsultant an d pu blic c onsultation d uring construction material source field visit River geo-morphology, hydrology, Water r esources depar tment, DPR and drainage, flood patterns, information from local people, field observations Socio-economic Environment Different Govt. ag encies/civic bod ies, Official websites maintained by state Govt., census of India 2001 and Public Consultation during the Field s urvey, through f igures c ollected f rom Directorate of Statistics. 5

1.7.2. Public Consultation 30. Extensive c onsultations w ere h eld with al l s takeholders’ v iz. l ocal and beneficiary population, govt. departments/agencies, fishermen, road users and N GOs w ith i ntent t o collect bas eline i nformation, for better understanding o f the pot ential i mpacts and appr eciate the perspectives/concerns of the stakeholders. Information thus gathered was used to integrate it in project design and formulating mitigation measures and environmental management plan.

6

2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project 31. The legal framework of the country consists of several acts, notifications, rules and regulations to protect environment and wildlife. The Indian legal system has been c ritically r eviewed t o i dentify i ts appl icability t o t he project. A l ist o f al l r equired clearances/ per missions r elated to environment has been summarised in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 : Permissions/Clearances Required for the Sub-Project2

Concerned S.No. Clearances Acts/Rules/Notifications/Guidelines Responsibility Agency A. Pre-construction Stage Environmental EIA N otification, 20 06 amended t ill State Not applicable Clearance3 date, promulgated under Environment Environmental for this (Protection) Act 1986 Impact particular road (not required Assessment stretch as it is 1 for this Sub- Authority an expansion Project) (SEIAA)4. of existing road and no new by- passes are to be constructed Permission for Forest Conservation Act (1980) District Level felling of trees Procedural G uidelines de veloped b y Committee the Department of Environment GoMP, constituted b y 2 MPRDC under t he or ders of t he H on’ble H igh the State Court; T ree r emoval will b e gui ded as Govt. per state government rules. B. Implementation Stage

2 Since this pr oject i s not pas sing t hrough any pr otected ar eas or ground water aut hority not ified areas, therefore t he following list of laws will not be applicable to this project. a. Central Ground Water Authority b. Wildlife (Protection) Act 2002 and rules thereof c. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remain Act 1958/Rules 1959

3 This Particular clearance is appl icable to al l new r oad projects as mentioned underneath. However for t his road stretch as i t i s expansion of existing r oad and n o bypasses are being c onstructed so t his cl earance is n ot applicable. The N otification and i ts latest a mendment entails r equirement of pr ior env ironmental clearance t o t he f ollowing r oad projects. Category A -i) New National High ways; and ii) Expansion of National High ways greater than 30 km, involving additional right of way greater than 20m involving land acquisition and passing through more than one State. Category B-ii) All State High ways; and ii) Expansion projects in hilly terrain (above 100 m mean seal level (msl) and or ecologically sensitive areas)

Note: A general condition applies to both of the above category: “Any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries”. 4 The SEIAA has varying opinion about its applicability. EA propose to take official confirmation about applicability of this notification. EA will obtain the environmental clearance in case SEIAA directs about the same. 7

Concerned S.No. Clearances Acts/Rules/Notifications/Guidelines Responsibility Agency River Board Authorities/ Permission f or Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Department of 3 Sand Mining Development) A ct, 195 7 a s a mended Contractor Mining Govt. from river bed in 1972 of Madhya Pradesh Consent to Madhya operate Hot mix Air ( Prevention a nd Control of Pradesh 4 Contractor plant, Crushers, Pollution) Act 1981 Pollution Batching Plant Control Board Authorization Madhya for Disposal of Hazardous Waste (Management and Pradesh 5 Contractor Hazardous Handling) Rules 1989 Pollution Waste Control Board Consent f or Madhya Disposal of Water ( Prevention a nd C ontrol of Pradesh 6 Contractor Sewage from Pollution) Act 1974 Pollution Labour camps Control Board Use of F ly as h within 1 00 k ms Fly Ash Notification, 1999 as amended 7 MoEF Contractor around Thermal up to 17th August 2003: Power plants. Department of Pollution U nder Transport, 8 Control Central Motor and Vehicle Act 1988 Govt. of Contractor Certificate Madhya Pradesh The B uilding a nd O ther C onstruction Employing District Labour 9 Workers ( Regulation of E mployment Contractor Labour/workers Commissioner and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996,

2.2. Environmental Clearance Process 32. The environmental c learance i s not appl icable for t his s ub-project s ince expansion is confined along the existing road corridor with no new bypass. However, the procedure for obtaining environmental clearance has been depicted as Figure 2.1 for reference purposes only.

8

Figure 2.1 : Environmental Clearance Procedure in India

9

2.3. Administrative Structure and the Interactive framework 33. The Government through specific legislations regulates the environmental management system in India. The MoEF and the pollution control boards (CPCB i.e. Central Pollution Control Board and SPCBs i.e. State Pollution Control B oards) together form the regulatory an d adm inistrative c ore o f the par t. Other Ministries/Statutory B odies/departments responsible for ensuring environmental compliance and g ranting v arious c learances includes S tate m inistry / Dept. o f env ironment, r egional o ffices o f M oEF and state forests/wildlife departments. Their key roles and responsibilities and interface among them have been concisely depicted through the flow diagram in Figure 2.2.

Figure 2.2 : Legislative Interface among various regulatory bodies

10

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 3.1. Project Location 34. The s ub p roject road s ection A gar-Barod-Alot-Jaora (SH-41) measuring 108.7 k m i n l ength and l ocated i n S hajapur and R atlam di stricts of Madhya Pradesh State. The topography of the region is mixed type. It has mostly pl ain t errain with s ome section of rolling t errain. The l and us e is predominantly a gricultural M ost o f the p roject r oad i s c overed by vegetation. The Location map of project road is given as Figure 3.1. The project road holds strategic importance as both districts shares interstate boundary w ith R ajasthan S tate near B arod and A lot Town. The pr oject road also provides a v ital connectivity with the other state highways like SH-27 and SH-31.(Refer Figure 3.2 for schematic view))

Figure 3.1 : Location Map of SH-41 11

Figure 3.2 : Connectivity to the project Road 3.2. Characteristics of the Existing road

35. Right o f Way and car riage way width: The e xisting c arriageway i s a single or i ntermediate-lane r oad hav ing flexible pav ement, w ith w idths varying bet ween 3. 0 m to 7. 0 m along t he ent ire length of project road. The existing road has earthen shoulder of about 1.0 m to 1.5 m on either sides o f the p roject road. R OW available f or the ent ire p roject r oad i s around 7.5 – 10 m on ei ther side from road centre line except in built up areas where it is noted as low as total 5.5m. Chainage wise carriageway widths are provided in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 : Carriageway Details Chainage Carriageway Remarks Shoulder Shoulder Start End Width Type Width Agar – Barod (up to Rajasthan Border) 0/000 0/100 4.20 BT ES 0.25 0/100 1/000 3.50 BT ES 0.50 1/000 33/700 3.75 BT ES 1.20 Barod – Alot (Ratlam District Boundary) 0/000 8/500 3.00 BT HS 1.10 8/500 9/000 7.00 BT HS 1.00

12

Chainage Carriageway Remarks Shoulder Shoulder Start End Width Type Width 9/000 14/000 3.00 BT HS 1.00 Jawara – Alot 0/000 31/400 5.50 BT HS 1.00 31/400 36/700 7.00 BT HS 1.10 36/700 41/000 3.00 BT HS 1.10 41/000 42/000 3.50 BT HS 1.15 42/000 43/000 4.50 BT HS 1.10 43/000 44/000 5.00 BT HS 1.10 44/000 47/000 6.80 BT HS 1.10 47/000 48/000 3.00 BT HS 1.00 Alot – Barod (Ratlam District Boundary) 0/000 7/000 3.00 BT ES 1.10 7/000 7/200 6.50 BT - - 7/200 13/000 3.00 BT HS 1.00 Source: DPR 36. Pavement and carriage way conditions: The pavement condition along the entire length of the road can generally be rated as moderate to fair to moderate. R iding quality i s m oderate. Mostly c racking exists t hroughout the road except in few stretches where pavement quality is good. Based on abov e obs ervations, r econstruction of pavement r ight from bas e/sub base l ayer i s r ecommended where ex isting p avement found i n poor condition. A ccordingly s tretches i dentified f or m ajor improvement are listed below in Table 3.2

Table 3.2 : Road Stretches for Reconstruction S. No. Chainage From To Agar – Barod Section 1 0/700 25/400 2 25/630 33/700 Barod – Alot Section 3 13/000 0/000 Alot – Jawara Section 4 44/000 31/300 5 31/000 28/450 6 26/460 19/000 7 19/000 15/000 Source: DPR 37. Alignment and G eometrics: There a re m any hor izontal c urves comprising very sharp turns which need to be improved to State highway standards. An average travel speed of 40 km/hr could be maintained due to sub standards geometry. There is no coherence between horizontal alignment and vertical profile. Set back distances are almost non- existent at curve locations; especially at sharp curves the provision is worse. 38. Cross Drainage (CD) Structures: The project road runs generally in line with gr ound p rofile or a t l ow / m edium e mbankment ex cept a t br idge 13

approaches. However Project road requires an efficient drainage network and stable embankment slopes. Due to water runoff during rainy season, extensive soil erosion is experienced at such places. There are five minor bridges, eleven causeways including CC roads and about fifty culverts along the project road. List of major and minor bridges along with survey chainages and c onditions o f ex isting s tructures ar e appende d as ” Inventory and Condition Survey for Bridges” in Appendix 3.1. 39. Terrain and Landuse: The pr oject r oad al ignment traverses t hrough plain t errain t hroughout the l ength except i n few s tretches where r olling terrain i s enc ountered. T he abut ting l and al ong t he pr oject r oad i s observed to be utilized mainly for agricultural purposes. At some locations habitation / built up area were encountered whereas in few section land is left barren. The r oad passes t hrough four i mportant t owns A gar, B arod, Alot and Jaora. 40. Road I ntersections: There ar e 2 m ajor i ntersection and 52 m inor intersections sighted on the road. Almost all of these intersections are poor in geometrics and junction developments. The chainage-wise details of these intersections are given in Table 3.3.

Table 3.3 : List of Major and Minor Intersections S. Chainag Major Link Type Width (m) Direction No. e (Km/m) / L/R/Cros Minor s Agar-Barod (Up to Rajasthan border) 1 0/000 Major Ujjain-Kota(SH-27) BT-BT 5.60-5.60 Start Point 2 0/100 Minor Colony City BT 4.20 Right 3 4 / 500 Minor Chota-Lala BT-BT 2.60-3.75 Cross 4 5 / 450 Minor Kolmadi CC 2.60 Right 5 7 /020 Minor Jaysingpura BT 3.75 Right 6 9 /550 Minor Chipiya - Jumli BT- ER 3.75 – 5.0 Cross 7 12 /000 Minor Bangli Kheda- ER-ER 2.60-2.60 Cross Guradiya 8 15 /500 Minor Garbada BT 3.75 Left 9 17 /200 Minor Mandkota BT 3.75 Left 10 17 /400 Minor Mandkota BT - Right 11 17/790 Minor Tanodiya BT 3.75 Left 12 20 /247 Minor Fulkheda-Khadvala ER-BT 2.60-3.75 Cross 13 22 /750 Minor Asnady BT 3.75 Left 14 24 /150 Minor Narela BT 3.75 Right 15 25 /650 Minor Barod BT 7.00 Right 16 25 /620 Minor Alot BT 3.75 Left 17 26 /249 Minor Jahangirpura- BT-BT 5.00 -5.00 Cross Gangapura 18 30 /250 Minor Kankdel BT 3.75 Right 19 33 /000 Minor Mahudia BT 3.75 Right Barod-Towards Alot (Ratlam Border District) 20 1/300 Minor Hanuman temple CC 3.00 Right 21 5 /780 Minor Lodghakhedi Gravel 2.6 Left 22 6 /100 Minor Barkheda ER 7.00 Right 23 7 /200 Minor Lotiakisan GRAVEL 2.00 Right

14

S. Chainag Major Link Type Width (m) Direction No. e (Km/m) / L/R/Cros Minor s Alot-Towards Barod (Ratlam Border District) 24 8/300 Minor Bhim BT 2.60 Left 25 5 /900 Minor Bhoja Khedi – BT- ER 3.75 – Cross Village Road 5.13 26 0/200 Minor Khajuri Solanki BT 3.75 Right Jawara-Alot 27 0 /000 Major Husain Takeri-Jaora BT 7.0 -7.0 End point 28 1 /800 Minor Bamankhedi BT 3.75 Right 29 5 /250 Minor Makanpura Metal 2.50 Right 30 6 /950 Minor Nayanagar ER 2.5 Right 31 8 /580 Minor Lusudiya Jangli BT 3.75 Left 32 10 /380 Minor Pirhingolia BT 3.75 Right 33 11 /500 Minor Badiyagoyal BT 3.75 Left 34 15 /000 Minor Rajpipaliya BT 3.75 Right 35 15 /100 Minor Uni BT 3.80 Right 36 16 /100 Minor Arjala BT 3.75 Left 37 18 /800 Minor Village ER 2.60 Left 38 21 /320 Minor Mundlakala ER 2.60 Left 39 26 /200 Minor Village ER 2.60 Left 40 26 /650 Minor Bhesana BT 3.75 Right 41 27 /620 Minor Madnupur BT 2.6 Left 42 27 /750 Minor Tal Colony BT 3.00 Right 43 27 /800 Minor Tal Colony BT 3.00 Left 44 27 /980 Minor Village Road BT 3.00 Left 45 28 /030 Minor Nagrun BT 3.75 Right 46 31 /200 Minor BT 7.00 Left 47 31 /400 Minor Saonliya BT 3.78 Right 48 34 /020 Minor Manunia BT 3.75 Right 49 36 /700 Minor Bagunia-Kachaliya BT-BT 3.75 -3.75 Staggered 50 39 /010 Minor Gulbalod-Jangalia BT-BT 3.75 -3.75 Cross 51 40 /750 Minor Knaspura ER 3.75 Left 52 41 /600 Minor Dudhiya BT 3.75 Left 53 44 /890 Minor ALot - 3.00 Left 54 45 /700 Minor Nageshwar -A Lot BT 3.75 -8.90 Left Note: BT – Black Top, CC-Cement Concrete, WBM – Water Bound Macadam ER – Earthen Road 3.3. Category of the Project

41. The sub-project has been evaluated using the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist issued by ADB (Appendix-3.2) for Roads and Highways of the ADB‘s Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003. The subproject road passes mainly through plain terrain with some undulations. The topography of the region is mixed type with combination of hor izontal and v ertical c urves. The project s ection neither pas ses through nor is located near any Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park, or any other env ironmentally s ensitive or ec ologically or ar cheologically protected ar eas. The environmental impacts envisaged are m inimal and majority are co-terminus with the construction phase. Hence, the project has been classified as Category “B” in accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. 15

3.4. Need for the Sub-Project

42. The main aim of developing this State highway is to provide connectivity to the selected townships with other major social and commercial centres within the districts as well in the other parts of the state. Agar-Barod-Alot- Jaora r oad s ection serves as a l ink c onnecting S hajapur an d R atlam Districts. The i mprovement o f r oads i nfrastructure i n the r egion w ill enhance t he tourism po tential as w ell as w ill lead t o i ncreased s ocio- economic ac tivities i n bot h t he districts. With socio-economic development of the districts and the state, the traffic is bound to increase. The sub project road will benefit more than 1.2 million populations (mainly rural) by providing improved transport and communication facilities which will contribute in accelerating the local economy. 43. The sub project road also provides a vital connectivity with the other state highways l ike S H-27 an d S H-31. The t raffic i ntensity at t his s ub pr oject road i s increasing, nec essitating au gmentation of c apacity f or s afe and efficient movement. The road condition is poor which reduces the average traffic s peed a nd al so r esults i n hi gher fuel c onsumption and vehicular pol lution. T herefore, i mprovement o f t his s ubproject r oad is proposed to provide safe m ovement of increasing traffic at higher travel speeds w ith r educed travel t ime, ac cidents, o verloading, and v ehicle emissions. 3.5. Existing and Projected Traffic 44. Existing Traffic Volume: 45. Average Daily Traffic (ADT) of project road is studies at various locations and is presented in the Table 3.4. The ADT for SH-41 road Agar – Barod – Alot – Jaora varies from 2502 in terms of number of vehicles to 4748 number o f v ehicles and in t erms o f P CU i t v aries f rom 2565 t o 4524 . Highest traffic volume has been recorded near the CVC Location at Km 44/000 near Alot Village. Lowest t raffic volume has been r ecorded near the CVC Location at km 21/400 near Mudrakala Village.

Table 3.4 : ADT of Project Road S. Location Total Vehicles Total (PCUs) No. 1 Agar town (Km 2/000) 4646 4049 2 Barod Village (Km 2/200) 3387 2565 3 Alot town (Km 44/000) 4748 4524 4 Near Mudrakala (21/400) 2502 4207 Source: DPR 46. Projected Traffic: The maximum traffic is expected to vary from 28942 ADT (21457 PCU) at Agar to 28616 ADT at Alot (22224 PCU) and 15555 ADT near Mudrakala (19159 PCU) by the year 2030. The above projection is based on the growth rates of 9.4% for Cars, 6.6 % for Buses, 5.8% for G oods V ehicles, 10. 6% for 2-wheeler and 7.5% f or T ractors which was derived through “IRC-108, Econometric Model”) The summary of projected traffic for the year 2009 to 2030 is given at Table 3.5.

16

Table 3.5 : Summary of Projected Traffic for the Project Road Project Road Year Year Year Year Year From To 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Near Agar Village(2/200) Agar Alot 5911 8820 13191 19635 28942 (5254) (7499) (10709) (15221) (21457) Near Alot Village (44/000) Alot Nagda 6043 8934 13242 19552 28616 Junction (5882) (8228) (11512) (16048) (22224) Near Mudrakala Village (21/400) Nagda Jawra 3384 5041 7430 10821 15555 Junction (5735) (7918) (10778) (14467) (19159) Source: DPR Note: Values in bracket indicate PCUs/day 47. The capacity of different carriageways is 6000, 15000 and 18000 PCUs per day for intermediate lane, 2 lane with earthen shoulders and 2 lane with P aved s houlders r espectively. A nalysing t he c apacity of D esign Service Volume of Carriage ways and the projected traffic, the sub project road requires two lanes with earthen shoulder by 2011-2012 and two lane with paved shoulder by 2024-2026. 3.6. Key Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities 48. The sub p roject road rehabilitation i nvolves ac tivities l ike w idening, realignment, intersections improvement, correction in road geometry and raising the embankment height in at certain stretches of the road to meet the design norms defined for state highways under IRC codes. The brief of all key project activities are described below: 3.6.1. Realignment and Curvature Improvement: 49. To avoid resettlement / rehabilitation and l and acquisition issues existing alignment is followed with substandard geometry. There are many sharp curves in the existing road which need to be improved to develop a high- speed highway. In plain or rolling terrain, a minimum curve radius of 230 m is considered t o ac hieve design speed. Absolute minimum radius o f 150 m i s us ed a t l ocation w ith s pace c onstraints ( e.g. ur ban ar eas, structure approach & Forest Areas). These locations are tabulated in Appendix 3.3. 3.6.2. Proposed Cross Section Details 50. Lane W idth and E arthen S houlder : I n or der t o m eet future t raffic requirement the existing carriageway is proposed to be upg raded to Two Lane with Earthen Shoulder to achieve high speed of travel with comfort and safety. 7m wide carriageway is proposed with basic traffic lane width of 3.50m. . Earthen shoulders of 2.50 m wide is proposed on either side of the proposed main carriageway for rural plain and rolling terrains. 51. Footpath: The minimum width of footpath in urban stretches is proposed to be 1. 00 m. The s ide dr ain i n s uch s tretches may be ac commodated under the footpath. 17

52. Utility Corridor: Minimum width of utility corridor for rural sections will be 2.0m and for urban/ built-up sections will be 1.00 m. 53. Side Slopes: The side slopes are proposed based on embankment height and is as follows: Embankment height up to 3.0 m - 2H: 1V Embankment height from 3.0 m to 6.0 m - 1.5H: 1V Embankment height exceeding 6.0 m - To be designed based on soil parameters. Cut slopes will be Soil - 1H: 1V 54. Cross fall : Carriageway will have crossfall of 3.0%. For earthen shoulders crossfall value will be 4.0%. Figure 3.3 shows the typical cross section to be followed on the project stretch.

Figure 3.3 : Typical Cross section of the project Road 3.6.3. Pavement Design and Widening : 55. Existing road will be widened to improve the capacity as well as horizontal geometrics. A combination of overlay and new construction will be followed for proposed improvements. At a number of places, the vertical profile will be changed to improve the vertical geometrics. This will require reconstruction after partial or full removal of the existing pavement, depending upon subgrade condition. In urban areas cement concrete pavement along with side drain is proposed. 56. Concentric widening scheme is followed to minimise land acquisition issues and to ensure maximum utilisation of existing carriageway. The improvement is proposed to the existing pavement to meet the design requirement of 2.5 m. In specific stretches where the pavement is damaged / deteriorated special treatments, are proposed. The improvement proposal includes overlay of BC=30mm, DBM=55mm, or raising and reconstruction with WMM, or raising and reconstruction with GSB. The details of existing carriage way and widening proposal is given at Table 3.6

18

Table 3.6 : Details of Existing Carriage Way with Widening Proposal S. Existing Proposed Chainage Length Existing Proposed No. Chainage (km) (km) Carriageway Carriageway From To From To Agar-Barod Road 1 0.700 1.050 0.700 1.050 0.350 3.500 7.000+ES 2 1.120 2.000 1.002 2.003 1.001 3.500 7.000+ES 3 2.000 3.000 2.003 3.003 1.000 3.700 7.000+ES 4 3.000 5.753 3.003 5.820 2.817 3.500 7.000+ES 5 5.803 7.705 5.870 7.790 1.920 3.500 7.000+ES 6 7.977 8.000 7.980 8.003 0.023 4.500 7.000+ES 7 8.000 21.000 8.003 21.089 13.086 3.500 7.000+ES 8 21.000 23.000 21.089 23.089 2.000 3.750 7.000+ES 9 23.000 25.400 23.089 25.496 2.407 3.600 7.000+ES Barod-Rajasthan Border 1 25.630 26.500 0.000 0.375 0.375 3.600 7.000+ES 2 26.000 30.126 0.375 4.450 4.075 3.750 7.000+ES 3 30.251 33.700 4.550 8.014 3.464 3.750 7.000+ES Barod-Alot Road 1 1.425 1.665 27.160 27.400 0.240 3.200 7.000+ES 2 1.765 7.050 27.500 32.840 5.340 3.200 7.000+ES 3 7.170 8.000 32.960 33.834 0.874 3.200 7.000+ES 4 8.000 8.200 33.834 34.050 0.216 2.800 7.000+ES 5 8.200 8.300 34.050 34.150 0.100 4.400 7.000+ES 6 8.380 8.400 34.240 34.260 0.020 4.400 7.000+ES 7 8.400 8.590 34.260 34.450 0.190 6.000 7.000+ES 8 8.800 9.000 34.700 34.900 0.200 6.000 7.000+ES 9 9.000 10.852 34.900 36.900 2.000 3.000 7.000+ES 10 10.921 12.514 36.970 38.520 1.550 3.000 7.000+ES 11 12.525 13.675 38.600 39.750 1.150 3.000 7.000+ES 12 13.868 11.907 39.850 41.270 1.420 3.000 7.000+ES 13 11.618 8.000 41.370 44.805 3.435 3.000 7.000+ES 14 8.055 8.465 44.860 45.270 0.410 3.000 7.000+ES 15 7.526 7.200 45.350 45.676 0.326 3.000 7.000+ES 16 7.200 7.116 45.676 45.760 0.084 6.500 7.000+ES 17 7.070 7.000 45.820 45.890 0.070 6.500 7.000+ES 18 7.000 6.390 45.890 46.500 0.610 3.000 7.000+ES 19 6.322 5.500 46.570 47.390 0.820 3.000 7.000+ES 20 5.500 4.100 47.390 48.778 1.388 2.500 7.000+ES 21 4.100 0.144 48.778 52.730 3.952 3.000 7.000+ES 22 0.094 0.000 52.780 52.874 0.094 3.000 7.000+ES Alot to Jawara 1 48.000 47.874 52.874 53.000 0.126 3.000 5.500 2 47.874 47.239 53.000 53.635 0.635 3.000 3.500 3 47.239 44.000 53.635 56.506 2.871 6.800 7.000+ES 4 44.000 43.716 56.506 56.790 0.284 5.000 7.000+ES 5 43.651 43.000 56.860 57.511 0.651 5.000 7.000+ES 6 43.000 42.000 57.511 58.517 1.006 4.500 7.000+ES 7 42.000 41.000 58.517 59.529 1.012 3.500 7.000+ES 8 41.000 40.035 59.529 60.500 0.971 3.000 7.000+ES 9 40.000 37.000 60.535 63.571 3.036 3.000 7.000+ES 10 37.000 36.700 63.571 63.825 0.254 5.500 7.000+ES 11 31.400 31.300 69.191 69.321 0.130 5.500 7.000+ES 19

S. Existing Proposed Chainage Length Existing Proposed No. Chainage (km) (km) Carriageway Carriageway From To From To 12 31.000 28.450 69.621 71.950 2.329 5.500 7.000+ES 13 26.460 25.300 74.200 75.360 1.160 5.500 7.000+ES 14 25.300 24.270 75.360 76.400 1.040 5.300 7.000+ES 15 23.687 23.554 76.830 77.000 0.170 5.300 7.000+ES 16 23.434 22.000 77.120 78.560 1.440 5.300 7.000+ES 17 22.000 19.536 78.560 81.040 2.480 5.500 7.000+ES 18 19.452 19.000 81.130 81.582 0.452 5.500 7.000+ES 19 18.891 15.786 81.700 84.820 3.120 5.500 7.000+ES 20 15.718 15.198 84.900 85.420 0.520 5.500 7.000+ES 21 15.138 12.276 85.480 88.350 2.870 5.500 7.000+ES 22 12.205 9.105 88.430 91.550 3.120 5.500 7.000+ES 23 9.000 7.671 91.655 92.990 1.335 5.500 7.000+ES 24 7.593 7.513 93.070 93.150 0.080 5.500 7.000+ES 25 7.463 0.000 93.200 100.713 7.513 5.500 7.000+ES Source: DPR 3.6.4. Improvement Proposal for Intersection 57. Improvement s cheme i n r espect o f each j unction has been f inalised. Wherever, t he realignment has been pr oposed, us efulness o f t he abandoned r oad has been examined and i f found, s till us eable by l ocal commuters, new junctions at both extremes have been proposed. 3.6.5. Design of Road Side Drains 58. For a sound drainage system open lined drain and chute drains in RCC on hi ll s ide in m ountainous t errain and slopes of hi gh em bankment respectively and as r apids on hi gh cut s ections i s followed. T he construction of an underground dr ain 1 m x 1 m l ined with R CC-20 c m thick and covered with RCC slab 10 cm in thickness is proposed at urban and semi-urban stretches. Details about the drainage are given in Table 3.7

Table 3.7 : Cement Concrete Lined Drain Sr. Existing Chainage (km) Proposed Chainage (km) Length Remarks No. From To From To (mt.) Agar – Barod 1 0/000 0/700 0/000 0/700 70 Both Sides 2 25/400 25/630 25/496 25/722 226 Both Sides Barod – Alot 3 0/000 0/650 25/722 26/392 670 Both Sides Alot – Jawra 4 31/300 31/000 69/321 69/621 300 Both Sides 5 28/450 26/460 71/950 74/200 2250 Both Sides Source: DPR 3.6.6. Traffic Control and Safety Measures 59. In addition to adequate provisions for roadway width, geometric elements and j unction i mprovement, the following pr ovisions ar e pr oposed to enhance the safety of road users. Due consideration has been made for

20

the pr ovisions c ontained i n I RC: S P 44 -1994, “ Highway S afety C ode”. Also, various measures have been proposed to increase traffic control for the High-speed highway. 3.6.6.1 Crash Barrier 60. Safety barrier of rigid, flexible or semi-rigid type are proposed at following locations. In general W-beam crash barrier is proposed.

♦ Non-traversable road side embankments ♦ Where embankment height is 3m or more ♦ Where embankment is retained by a retaining structure ♦ On valley sides of highway in hill sections ♦ Miscellaneous hazardous locations (like proximity to water structures, non- collapsible sign supports, buildings etc.) ♦ Between main carriageway and footpath in bridges 61. The crash barrier locations are given in Table 3.8:

Table 3.8 : Crash Barrier Location Left side Chainage(m) Length (m) Right side Chainage(m) Length (m) From To From To 18/330 18/370 40 9/440 9/470 30 24/380 24/410 30 24/490 24/520 30 24/490 24/520 30 27/380 27/520 140 76/530 76/640 110 71/000 71/030 30 76/920 77/070 150 76/530 76/640 110 92/770 92/820 50 76/920 77/070 150 93/210 93/260 50 82/940 82/970 30 85/330 85/360 30 92/770 92/820 50 93/210 93/260 50 Source: DPR 3.6.6.2 Road Signs 62. Adequate road signs are proposed for the project road in order to provide advance i nformation to regulate/control traffic flow and ens ure s afety o f operations. All road signs are provided in accordance with IRC 67. 63. Appropriate road markings are provided with stop signs, give-way signs, traffic merging and di verging signs, lane closure signs, compulsory keep left/right s igns or any o ther s igns as per I RC-67. A dvance c autionary signs are proposed for sharp curves along with chevron signs at the outer edge o f the c urves. In hilly ar eas, c urve-ahead s igns are ac companied with appropriate delineators. 64. The signs will be of retro reflective sheetings of high intensity grade with encapsulated lens and fixing details as per of MoRT&H Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, 2001(4th Revision, latest reprint) are proposed. 3.6.6.3 Pavement Markings 65. In pr oject road, pavement markings are proposed as per I RC: 35 -1997, “Code of Practice for Road Marking” with centre-line, edge line, continuity line, s top l ine, give w ay l ines, di agonal/chevron m arkings and z ebra 21

crossings. The pav ement marking s hall be o f hot appl ied t hermoplastic paint w ith g lass beads as per the M ORT&H s pecification for R oad an d Bridge Works, 2001(4th Revision, latest reprint). 3.6.6.4 Lighting 66. The project road is proposed with lighting systems in urban stretches/built up areas as shown in Table 3.9.

Table 3.9 : Lighting S. Existing Chainage (km) Proposed Chainage (km) Length No. From To From To (mt.) Agar – Barod 1 0/000 0/700 0/000 0/700 700 2 25/400 25/630 25/496 25/722 225 Barod – Alot 3 0/000 0/650 25/722 26/392 670 Alot – Jawra 4 31/300 31/000 69/321 69/621 300 5 28/450 26/460 71/950 74/200 2250 Source: DPR

3.6.7. User Facilities 3.6.7.1 Bus Stop 67. Bus s tops a re p roposed at following l ocations. E xisting bus s tops a re proposed t o be r etained. A ppropriate maintenance measures s hall b e made to keep it in working conditions (Table 3.10)

Table 3.10 : Bus Stop Locations S. Existing Proposed Side Village Name No. Chainage(Km) Chainage(Km) 1 7/100 7/240 RHS Jesingpur 2 10/600 9/633 RHS Chipiya 3 12/000 12/145 RHS Guradiya 4 13/086 13/167 LHS Mudpura 5 16/450 15/482 LHS Garbada 6 17/500 17/405 LHS Mandkota 7 30/259 4/670 RHS Kakdal 8 30/727 5/049 RHS Village 9 6/000 31/830 LHS Barkheda 10 7/200 32/940 LHS Lotiakisan 11 10/617 36/664 LHS Bargadi 12 12/900 40/100 LHS Village 13 8/100 44/800 RHS Village 14 5/863 47/016 RHS Bhojakhedi 15 5/450 47/473 RHS Laxmipura 16 45/753 54/645 LHS A lot Town

22

S. Existing Proposed Side Village Name No. Chainage(Km) Chainage(Km) 17 40/732 59/915 RHS Kaspura 18 39/000 61/485 LHS Gulabalod 19 36/750 63/932 RHS Bakudiya 20 33/940 66/617 RHS Bhutiya Village 21 23/200 78/400 LHS Ramsadh 22 16/200 84/333 LHS Arjala 23 8/550 92/035 LHS Lasudiya Jangli 24 6/950 93/755 LHS Naya nagar 25 5/860 94/830 RHS Village 26 5/200 95/552 RHS Village 27 4/180 96/550 LHS Islam nagar 28 2/830 98/800 LHS Village Source: DPR 3.6.8. Slope Stabilisation and Protection Works 68. Erosion is proposed to be minimized largely by the use of flat side slopes, rounded and bl ended w ith nat ural t errain; s errated c ut s lopes; dr ainage channels des igned w ith due r egard to w idth, dept h, s lopes, al ignment, and pr otective t reatment; i nlets l ocated and spaced for e rosion c ontrol prevention of er osion at c ulvert out lets; pr oper facilities f or groundwater interception; dikes, berms, and o ther protective devices to trap sediment at strategic locations; and protective ground covers and planting. 69. High embankment will be site specifically designed considering the quality of the available material, prevalent moisture condition and associated pore water pressure, bearing capacity of the founding strata and the requirement of any preloading etc. Stone pitching is proposed at the locations mentioned in the Table 3.11 70. Other s tabilisation m easures as C oncrete bl ock pitching and Launc hing apron i n C C bl ocks ar e pr oposed t o be adopt ed on c ase t o c ase bas is after thorough study of the problematic sites.

23

Table 3.11 : Stone Pitching S. Proposed Chainage Length Side No. From To (mt.) 1 9.440 9.470 30 Right 2 10.020 10.030 10 Right 3 10.060 10.070 10 Right 4 10.100 10.110 10 Right 5 18.260 18.270 10 Left 6 18.330 18.370 40 Left 7 24.380 24.410 30 Left 8 24.440 24.450 10 Both 9 24.450 24.460 10 Left 10 24.470 24.500 30 Right 11 27.140 27.150 10 Right 12 27.380 27.430 50 Right 13 31.800 31.810 10 Right 14 34.280 34.320 40 Both 15 34.320 34.390 70 Left 16 34.830 34.840 10 Left 17 36.010 36.020 10 Right 18 42.350 42.360 10 Right 19 42.710 42.720 10 Right 20 52.320 52.330 10 Right 21 56.560 56.570 10 Left 22 60.770 60.790 20 Left 23 61.100 61.110 10 Left 24 70.290 70.300 10 Left 25 71.000 71.020 20 Right 26 71.030 71.040 10 Left 27 76.520 76.530 10 Left 28 76.540 77.070 530 Both 29 82.940 82.960 20 Right 30 92.770 92.780 10 Right 31 92.790 92.800 10 Left 32 93.210 93.260 50 Both 33 93.260 93.270 10 Left Source: DPR 3.6.9. Improvement Proposal for Bridges and Drainage Structure 71. There i s one major br idge, ei ght minor br idges, one ex isting c auseway and sixty three culverts along the Project road. The project road crosses railway l ine at t hree l ocations at s ame grade l evel. The r ehabilitation of the br idge i ncludes t he ac tivities like c hange o f damaged handr ails, replacement o f de fective ex pansion j oints, r epairing o f m inor c racks, repairing of solid slab having signs of damage, cleaning by sand blasting of corroded steel reinforcement and addi tional reinforcement where necessary, strengthening and repairing with PMC of RCC solid slabs which s how hone ycombing, r emoval of ex isting w earing c oat and replacement with new wearing coat of 50 mm thick bituminous concrete after laying 12 mm thick mastic asphalt, strengthening of approaches.

24

72. Water way/ ventway will be c leaned if vegetation growth is impeding the main water channel. The channel will be dredged if excessive siltation has bl ocked the w aterway. S pur, dy kes w ill be provided t o c hange t he water c ourse i f i t i s found t hat due t o t he flow di rection, ex cessive scouring is occurring near one of pier or abutment and it is in danger. 3.6.10. Improvement Proposal for Causeways 73. There is one causeway which is solid slab type. Almost all causeways get overtopped dur ing monsoon. H ence D ischarge p assing through v ent as well as ov ertopping par t i s c onsidered for r evised s tructure. Wherever possible additional pipes will be introduced by raising road level to economise cost. In typical cases wherever required box type structure is also proposed. 3.6.11. Improvement Proposal for Culverts 74. There are 63 culverts consisting of 48 pipe culverts and 15 slab culverts. The culverts are proposed to be w idened for carriage way width of 12m. The i mprovement pr oposals include d ismantling and r ecasting o f head walls, bed r eplacement with pr oper des igns. M any of t he c ulverts hav e vegetation i n t he c hannels apar t from s ome s and m ounds c ausing vent way obstructions, which need clearing. Pipe diameter less than 0.9 m is to be replaced by 1.2 m diameter pipe. The culverts which are completely damaged or distressed are proposed for reconstruction. The culvert retained and r epaired a s mentioned abov e w ill be w iden t o m atch with formation width of road section. 3.6.12. Utilities and Services 75. Utilities a nd s ervices ar e seen only in t he vicinity of t owns, villages and roadside. Electric and t elephone lines r un almost par allel t o t he existing road. These have to be relocated. 3.7. Material required and Sourcing 76. The various construction materials which will require for the project road construction and other activities are listed below. • Borrow Soil • Aggregate • Granular material • Sand • Cement • Bitumen • Steel • Water 3.7.1. Borrow soil 77. Borrow soil identified during survey revealed that it can be used for road embankment as well as for Sub-grade layer. The details of available source, l ocation, av erage l ead di stance t o t he pr oject r oad and approximate available quantity are given in Table 3.12. 25

Table 3.12 : List of Borrow Area S. Chainage Section Side Type of Approximate Approximate No. Material distance from Quantity project road in (Indicative (M) area) 1 6/000* Agar to Barod Right soil 50 100 m x100 m 2 7/000* Agar to Barod Right soil 60 100 m x100 m 3 8/000 Agar to Barod Right soil 50 100 m x100 m 4 22/000 Agar to Barod Left soil 50 100 m x100 m 5 30/200 Agar to Barod Right soil 60 150m x150 m 6 13/500* Barod – Alot Left soil 50 200m x 200 m 7 8/000 Barod – Alot Left soil 40 150m x 150 m 8 10/600 Alot-Jaora Right soil 50 100 m x100 m 9 6/000 Alot-Jaora Right soil 40 200 m x150 m Source: DPR 3.7.2. Aggregate 78. Aggregate stone is basic ingredient in road construction. Investigation of quarry ar ea w as c arried out f or D PR s tudy t o as certain t he pot ential source of aggregate for the construction of different pavement layers like Bituminous C oncrete (BC), D ense B ituminous M acadam ( DBM), Bituminous Macadam (BM), Wet Mix Macadam ( WMM), Granular Sub- base, s and for c ement c oncrete w orks and G SB. There ar e two quarries/crushers, one is at 10 k m far from Agar and s econd is between Barod to Alot section. 3.7.3. Sand 79. Sand t o be us ed i n t he c oncrete w ork dur ing c onstruction i s av ailable near the project road at the River Kachal at Madhkota which is about 10 km far from Barod and 16 km far from Agar. 3.7.4. Cement 80. There ar e s o m any factories of c ement manufacturing i n M adhya Pradesh. The cement can be procured from the open market. 3.7.5. Bitumen 81. Nearest source of bitumen is Mathura refinery, Uttar Pradesh and K oyali Refinery, Gujarat. B itumen o f V G-10 equivalent o f 80 -100 or V G-30 equivalent of 60-70 penetration grade from above mentioned Refinery, is proposed to be used for bituminous work. 3.7.6. Steel 82. There is numbers of steel rolling factories is situated in Madhya Pradesh, with v arious g rade o f s teel. T he s teel i s t o be pur chase from the open market. 3.7.7. Water 83. Ground w ater and s urface w ater i n t he v icinity of t he pr oject r oad i s proposed to us e as a source o f w ater for c onstruction activities. Th e

26

approximate quantity of water required for construction activities in the project is 500 KL/day. 3.8. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost 84. The Project is in the detailed design stage. The construction of widening of the road to 2-lane road, will be implemented in 18 t o 24 m onths. T he estimated cost of the project excluding R and R and EMP is estimated to be INR 1,55,82,09,743/-

27

4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 85. Baseline env ironmental conditions about al l facets of env ironment v iz. physical, biological and socio-economic have been established using both primary and s econdary s ources. Efforts have been m ade t o c ollect t he latest information both at regional as well as local level especially along the pr oject c orridor. This will he lp t o pr edict l ikely c hanges i n t he environment due to the project and will serve as performance indicators for various components. 86. The pr oject r oad is a section of S H-41 (Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora R oad) measuring 108.70 km i n l ength and l ocated i n Ratlam and S hajapur districts of Madhya Pradesh. A summary of the project district is given in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1 : Summary of Important Features of the Project Districts S. Parameters Ratlam Shajapur No. . Ratlam d istrict lie s . Shajapur District is part of towards t he n orth- the Malwa Plateau. western par t of Madhya Shajpur district lies in the Pradesh in t he M alwa north-western part of region and oc cupies a n Madhya P radesh and area of 4861 sq km. occupies a n ar ea of . The district is bounded by 6,196 sq km. i n t he N orth, . The district is bounded by Jhabua an d D har o n t he Ujjain District to the west, South, Ujjain on the East, and Sehore to the Chittorgarh an d south, Rajgarh to t he 1. General District of east, and Jhalawar Rajasthan on the West, District of Rajasthan to Shajapur of Madh ya the north. Pradesh a nd J halawar of . The di strict ex tends Rajasthan on the North. between the latitude of 23 . The di strict ex tends 06’ a nd 77 19’ north, between the l atitude of longitude of 75 41’ and 77 23° 05' t o 2 3° 52' N orth, 02” east. 74° 31' to 75° 41' East. . It i s l ocated at an . It i s located at a n elevation of 453 m above elevation of 488 m above MSL the MSL.

. Temperature goes up t o . Temperature goes up to 45 °C (max.) and min. 3 39.9 °C (max.) and min. °C 9.6 °C 2. Climate . It r eceives a n ormal . It r eceives a normal rainfall of 1010 mm of rainfall of 1047. 9 m m of annually. annually. Ecologically

Sensitive Area Wild Life None None 3. Sanctuaries National Parks None None Tiger Reserves None None Elephant None None

28

S. Parameters Ratlam Shajapur No. Reserves Reserve/ protected forest, Protected Salana ( kharmore B ird Forests Sanctuary) Geomorphology • The Malwa Plateau Physio-cultural diversities in • The River Valleys the district have led to its sub- division into the following sub- micro regions:-

1.Major • Agar plateau Physiographic • Shajapur Forested Units 4. Upland • Kali Sindh Basin • Shajapur Upland

Shipra R iver, Chambal River, Kali Sindh, Lak hundar N evaj, 2. Major Kurel Nadi, Maleni Nadi, Mahi Parbati R iver C hambal a nd Drainage River, Rattagarhi Nadi.Rajhar Ganga basin. Nadi, Jamar Nadi. The soil is mixed red & black Black Cotton soil, lateritic soil, soil, o lder & younger alluvium mixed silt + clay 5. Major Soil Type alluvium, black cotton soil, laterite soil. Major c rops gr own i n R atlam Soyabean is t he m ajor include wheat, barley, gr am economic c rop of t he di strict. 6. Principal Crops with s ome v ariety of f ruits Wheat and Jawar is also including grapes. major crop of this district. Deccan T rap ( Igneous Predominant Recent a lluvium, l aterite a nd effusive- Basalt a nd 7. Geological Deccan traps associated L avas), al luvium Formations and Laterite. Alluvium, l aterite, weathered Alluvium, l aterite, weathered vesicular and fractured vesicular and fractured 8. Hydrogeology basalts. basalts.

Source: District/Govt. Websites

4.2. Physical Environment 4.2.1. Meteorology and Climate 87. Madhya Pradesh has a subtropical climate characterized by hot summer season and dr yness ex cept s outhwest monsoon season. Li ke most o f north India it has a hot dry summer (April-June) followed by monsoon rains ( July-September) and a c ool and r elatively dr y w inter ( December- February). The m aximum t emperature dur ing summer s eason r anges from 33 to 44 ºC and 10 to 27 ºC during winter s eason. The average rainfall is about 1,370 mm which decreases from east to west. The south- eastern di stricts hav e t he heav iest r ainfall, s ome pl aces r eceiving a s 29

much as 2,150 mm, while the western and north-western districts receive 1,000 mm or less.

Figure 4.1 : Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh 88. Climate: The S ub-Project road i s mainly pas sing through t he S hajapur and Ratlam district where the climate is characterized by hot summer and general dryness except during the south west monsoon season. The cold season, December to February is followed by the hot season from March to about middle of June. The period from the middle of June to September i s t he s outh west m onsoon s eason. O ctober and N ovember form t he pos t monsoon or t ransition per iod. The nor mal m aximum temperature r eceived dur ing the month of May i s 39. 9°C and 45°C with minimum dur ing t he m onth of January 9. 6°C and 3° C in S hajapur and Ratlam district respectively. 89. During t he south- west m onsoon s eason the relative hum idity g enerally exceeds 88% ( July / A ugust m onth). The r est o f the y ear i s dr ier. The driest par t o f the y ear i s t he s ummer s eason, when relative humidity i s less than 33%. April is the driest month of the year. The wind velocity is higher du ring t he pr e monsoon pe riod as c ompared t o post m onsoon period. The maximum wind velocity is 27.0 km / hr. observed during the month of June and minimum 7.1 km/hr during the month of November. 90. More t han 90% of t he annua l r ainfall i s r eceived d uring m onsoon season. A m onthly r ainfall det ail for last five years in the bo th p roject districts has been summarized in Table 4.2.

30

Table 4.2 : Monthly Rainfall data (mm) in the project districts for the last six years Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total Shajapur 2004 19.8 0 0 0 0 43.7 218.6 477 56.5 12.4 0 0 828 2005 0 0 0 9.2 12.9 72.5 273.8 150.1 124 0 0 0 642.5 2006 0 0 37.5 4 44 103.6 324.1 783.4 308.7 23 0 0 1628.3 2007 0 0.7 0 5.5 25.7 85.7 555.7 240.9 145.8 0 0.9 0 1060.9 2008 0 0 4.5 2 0.1 156.2 198.3 155.3 160.7 4.3 11.3 0 692.7 Ratlam 2004 4.6 0 0 0 18.6 94.2 167.4 535.6 28.3 30.1 0 0 878.8 2005 4.3 0 2.4 7.9 0.2 52.5 225.2 162.5 319.4 0.4 0 0 774.8 2006 0 0 13.7 0 4.6 97.9 293.1 858.2 366.3 0.5 0 0 1634.3 2007 0 0 0 0.1 0.1 80 478 531.2 139.5 0 0 0 1228.9 2008 0.6 0 0.2 1.9 0.4 81.9 208.2 186.1 138.4 34.3 0 0.1 652.1 Source: India Meteorological Department, Delhi 4.2.2. Air and Noise Quality 91. In absence of any existing data on ambient air quality and noise levels of the pr oject ar ea, ons ite m onitoring w as c onducted at few selected locations. Most of the project area lies in vast open agr icultural land and is largely free from air pollution and noi se generating sources other than traffic and few brick-kilns existing in the area. Moreover, these are located in open area and operate only for few months. 4.2.2.1 Air Quality 92. The 24 hour ly av erage am bient ai r q uality l evels with r espect t o suspended par ticulate m atter (SPM), r espirable particulate matter (RSPM), Sulphur Dioxide and Oxides of Nitrogen are shown in Table 4.3. The T able r eveals that S PM, RSPM, SO2 and N Ox range f rom 62.8 to 190.5 µg/m3, 30.6 to 85.3 µg/m3, 4.3 to 12.7 µg/m3 and 4.3 to 12.1 µg/m3 respectively in the project area. These ambient air quality levels conform to the pr escribed N ational A mbient A ir Q uality S tandards ( NAAQS) (Appendix 4.1).

31

Table 4.3 : Ambient Air Quality Along the project section (24 Hourly)

Location RSPM SPM SO2 NOX Max 85.3 190.5 12.7 12.1 Agar Town Min 55.8 153.2 6.5 6.3 Avg 68.2 170.3 10.1 9.1 Max 57.6 138.4 8.4 7.5 Islamnagar Min 30.6 62.8 4.3 4.4 Avg 41.5 97 6.2 6 Max 67.5 105.7 10.5 8.7 Mindli Min 40.2 78.4 5.8 4.3 Avg 55.3 90.6 7.6 6.5 Max 71.4 135.8 11.3 10.4 Kalsiya Min 45.7 87.5 8.1 6.2 Avg 58.6 115.3 10.2 8.5 Source: Field Monitoring 4.2.2.2 Noise 93. The ambient noise levels (Table 4.4) at most of the locations is well within the permissible limits as prescribed by CPCB for day time and night time. Overall the noise level in the project region is not disturbing.

Table 4.4 : Noise Level in dB (A) Along the Project Corridor Noise level in dB (A) Station Location Day Night Code Leq Leq N-1 Agar Town 50.6 40.8 N-2 Jawra 54.3 42.4 N-3 Hatpipaliy 50.5 38.3 N-4 Tal Town 47.4 36.7 N-5 Gulabalod 48.5 40.2 N-6 Kheda 48.2 39.7 Source: Field Monitoring 4.2.3. Topography and Geomorphology 94. The project road lies between 75º 6’ E to 76º 4’ E and 23º 38’ N to 23º 38’ N. The topography of the project road section is mixed type. A section of the pr oject r oad i s pas sing t hrough t he S hahjapur Dis trict. The en tire district is a part of Deccan Trap of Cretaceous Eocene age. The alluvium of ec ent pe riod i s, how ever, found al ong the r iver P arbati i n a nar row strip. Physio-cultural diversities in the district have led its sub division into the following sub-micro regions:- Agar plateau Shajapur Forested Upland Kali Sindh Basin Shajapur Upland 95. The road s ection pas sing through t he Sahjapur district f alls under t he Agar plateau, Kali Sindh Basin and the Shajapur Upland.

32

96. The rest of the road section passes through the Ratlam district where the physiology comprises the Malwa Plateau where the elevation ranges from about 1, 650 t o 2 ,000 feet ( 500 t o 600 m etres); er osion has carved the ancient lava f lows into i solated m esas f ound t hroughout t he pl ateau, together with an occasional sandstone hill. The western part of the region is dr ained b y t he Mahi Riv er, t he m iddle s ection by t he Chambal R iver and ot her r ivers i nclude t he S ipra, Maleni, R ajhara and R attagarh, their valleys flanked by terraced slopes. 4.2.4. Geology/Soil 97. Geologically the project area constitutes the extensive Deccan Trap Basalts (Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene in age), overlain by variable thickness o f A lluvium o f R ecent o rigin. Basalts ar e massive, fractured/jointed and v esicular in nature. Most of the vesicles are filled with s econdary minerals like quarts, c alcite and z eolite. The uppe rmost unit of basaltic flow is highly weathered. Alluvium is confined mainly along the rivers and streams, consisting of sand silt and clay, brought by rivers, mixed with line kankar and material derived from nearby hilly terrain. 98. Soil: The s oil t ype o f R atlam di strict i s mainly t he m ixed r ed and black soil, black cotton soil and laterite soil. In some portion of the district older & younger alluvium soil is also found. The alluvium consists of clay, silt, sand, gravels and pebbles. The soil in Shajapur district is of mixed type and there is no distinct boundary in between any two types of soils. There are three categories of soils identified in t he district a rea that of Black cotton, Lateritic and Alluvial. 99. The project road section is basically Black soil. These soils are dark grey to black in color, composed of clay and are plastic & sticky in nature. These s oils ar e fertile i n nat ure and der ived from dec omposition of trappean rocks having thickness of 15 cm to 2m. In some portion Lateritic and alluvium soil is also found. 100. The soil sample has been collected at four locations in the project section as shown in Table 4.5. The Table reveals that the dominant soil type is clay with good organic content.

33

Table 4.5 : Physiochemical Characteristics of soil in the project road S. Parameters Location No. Piplon Jawra Sinduriya Gulabalod 1 Colour Light Light Yellow Yellow Brown Brown 2 pH(20% slurry) 8.4 9 8.5 7.8 3 Conductivity ( μmhos / cm, 20% slurry) 376 420 408 385 4 Moisture (%) 1.45 1.62 1.55 1.72 5 Chlorides (%) 0.0578 0.0635 0.0547 0.0593 6 Bulk density (g/cc) 1.3 1.34 1.22 1.26 7 Porosity (%v/v) 0.65 0.7 0.78 0.58 8 Water H olding Capacity (%) 28.7 27.4 30.9 27.2 9 CEC meq/100g 30.1 27.5 26.8 29.9 10 Carbonate (%) NT NT NT NT 11 Bicarbonate (%) 0.0712 0.0755 0.0648 0.0777 12 Organic Matter (%) 0.51 0.54 0.48 0.62 13 Texture Clay Loam Clay Clay Clay 14 Nitrogen % 1.43 1.35 1.44 1.26 15 Potassium ,kg/h 1.48 1.53 1.65 1.47 16 Phosphorous, kg/h 26.8 27.5 29.3 27.2 Source: Analysis of Field Monitoring 4.2.5. Seismicity 101. The project region falls in Zones I of seismicity & low hazard zone in the seismic and haz ard zoning map respectively as shown in the Figure 4.2 below:

34

Source: Amateur Seismic Centre, Pune Source: IS 1893 (Part 1) 2002

Figure 4.2 : Hazard and Seismic Zoning Map 4.2.6. Land use 102. The area under various land uses in the state is presented in Table 4.6. The Table s hows t hat t he m ajor por tion o f t he l and us e i s under agriculture (48.69%) followed by forest cover (28%).

Table 4.6 : Land Use Pattern in the State Land Use Area in '000 ha Percentage Total geographical area 30824 Reporting Area for land utilization 30756 100 Net area Sown 14975 48.7 Forest* 8688 28.2 Area not available for cultivation 3364 10.9 Permanent Pasture & Grazing land 1341 4.3 Land under misc. tree crops & groves 20 0.06 Cultivable waste land 1175 3.8 Fallow land other than current fallows 596 1.9 Current fallows 596 1.9 Source: DPR; The data is given for 2004-05 (as per availability) including Reserved & Protected Forest 103. Land U se P attern al ong t he P roject r oad S ection: Land us e pat tern along t he project r oad i s al so m ixed t ype dom inated by ag riculture an d residential areas. There are also few public and private settlements along the project road. Chainage wise land use along the project road is given in Table 4.7. 35

Table 4.7 : Chainage-wise Land Use Pattern along the project road Chainage (km) Existing land use Village From To Agar to Barod 0.00 1.00 Residential/ settlement Agar 1.00 5.50 Agricultural land 5.50 9.50 Barren land Agricultural land with patches of 9.50 15.00 Garbada built-up area 15.00 18.50 Residential/ settlement Sudvas, Piplon 18.50 20.00 Agricultural land 20.00 23.50 Barren land Agricultural land with patches of 23.50 33.40 Barod built-up area Barod to Alot 0.00 5.60 Residential/ settlement Barod Agricultural land with patches of 5.60 9.00 Lakshimpura built-up area 9.00 11.50 Barren Land Kheda, Kalsiya 11.50 14.00 Agricultural land 13.00 10.00 Agricultural land 10.00 9.00 Barren Land Agricultural land with patches of 9.00 6.00 built-up area 6.00 0.00 Built-up area Ramkhedi Alot to Jaora 48.00 44.00 Built-up area Alot Agricultural land with patches of 44.00 38.00 Gulabalod built-up area Agricultural land with patches of 38.00 30.00 Bhutiya barren land Built-up area with some patches of 30.00 19.50 Tal barren land Agricultural land with patches of Mindli, , 19.50 10.00 barren land Sinduriya Dughakhedi, 10.00 0.00 Residential/ settlement Islamnagar, Jawra Source: DPR 4.2.7. Hydrology and Drainage 104. Madhya Pradesh represents great river basins and the w atershed of a number of rivers. The entire district of shajapur lies in the drainage area of Chambal which is a major tributary of the Yamuna. The Chambal itself flows towards the north beyond the western boundary of the district. Its tributaries flowing i n t he di strict, a re t he Parbati, the Nawaj, the Kali Sindh, the Lakhundar, the Ahu and the Au and the Chhoti Kali Sindh. The w atershed ar eas o f t he S ahjapur di strict a re U pper-Kalisind, S ind , Lakhundar, A hu, Low er K alisind, R ewan, N ewaz , A jnar, C hapi-Ghani , Upper P arbati and Low er P arbati. The p roject area i s dr ained by K ali Sindh r iver, D udhaliya N, M aleni N and Lak undar r iver. K ali S indh a lso

36

crosses the road which is perennial in nature. Also Dudhaliya river crosses the project road near Barod however it is non-perennial in nature. 105. The drainage map of the project road area is represented in Figure 4.3. The project road in the Ratlam district falls in Ganga and Chambal sub basin. The watershed areas of the Ratlam district are Upper-Chambal, Middle-Chambal Shipra. The project area is crossed by rivers like Chambal, Sipra, Kachhal, Choti Kalisindh and other small streams. The details of the water bodies along the corridor are given at Table 4.8.

Table 4.8 : List of Surface Water Sources Along/Across Project Corridor Whether Crossing or in Perennial or S. No. Name District Buffer Area Non-Perennial 1. Chambal Ratlam Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 2. Shipra Ratlam Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 3. Maleni Ratlam Buffer Area Non-Perennial 4. Choti Kali Sind Shajapur Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 5. Dudhaliya Shajapur Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 6. Kachhal Shajapur Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 7. Au Shajapur Buffer Area Non-Perennial Source: Survey of India Toposheet/ District planning Map Series

Figure 4.3 : Drainage map of the project road SH-41. 4.2.8. Groundwater 37

106. The ground w ater av ailability a long t he p roject r oad ar ea i s poo r. The depth o f w ater t able v aries from 48.0 mbgl -290.41 mbgl. Most of the wells become dry during non-monsoon seasons. The groundwater quality of t he samples collected dur ing field survey in t he study ar ea has been summarised i n Table 4. 9. It reveals that the gr ound w ater quality conforms to the drinking water standards (Appendix 4.3).

Table 4.9 : Groundwater Quality Along the Project Corridor Locations S.No Parameters Islamnaga Tal Alot Ramkhedi r 1 Colour Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless 2 pH 7.7 7.3 7.4 8.2 3 Conductivity (μmhos / cm) 450 405 524 440 4 Turbidity, NTU 2 2 3 3 5 TDS (mg/l) 292 255 330 272 6 TSS (mg/l) 5 5 7 6

7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 74 87 80 82 8 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 26 30.5 23.2 31.2

9 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/l) 20.2 20.8 21.4 21.7

10 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/l) ND ND ND ND

11 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/l) 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 12 Florides as F (mg/l) 0.6 0.59 0.74 0.73 13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.18 0.14 0.08 0.17 14 Lead as Pb (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 16 Nickel as Ni (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 17 Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.68 0.7 0.65 0.78 18 Chromium Total as Cr (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 19 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 20 Oil & grease (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 21 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 28.5 31.5 28.2 35.6 22 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 17.4 20.3 18.6 22.4 Source: Analysis of Field Samples 4.2.9. Surface water 107. Water samples from Sipra river and Kali Sindh Nadi has been compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Irrigation- Class D and propagation of wild life and fisheries -Class-E (Appendix 4.4). The results of the samples conforms their suitability for both t hese pur poses. Results of t he s urface water quality i n t he pr oject area have been summarized in Table 4.10.

Table 4.10 : Surface Water Quality of the river in project area Location S.No. Parameters Sipra river Kali Sindh 1 Colour Colourless Colourless 2 pH 7.4 7

38

Location S.No. Parameters Sipra river Kali Sindh 3 Conductivity (μmhos / cm) 604 490 4 Turbidity, NTU 4 4 5 TDS (mg/l) 393 305 6 TSS (mg/l) 15 20

7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 132 144 8 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 46 36.7

9 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/l) 18.7 19.2

10 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/l) 0.56 0.78

11 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/l) 0.07 0.07 12 Fluorides as F (mg/l) 0.32 0.3 13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.16 0.14 14 Lead as Pb (mg/l) ND ND 15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) ND ND 16 Nickel as Ni (mg/l) ND ND 17 Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.6 0.7 18 Chromium Total as Cr (mg/l) ND ND 19 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.05 0.06 20 Oil & grease (mg/l) ND ND 21 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 30.5 31.2 22 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 17.7 16.8 23 Total Coliform 33 26 24 DO 5.5 5.3 25 BOD 5.4 6.2 26 COD 14 21 Source: Analysis of field Samples 4.3. Ecological Resources 4.3.1. Terrestrial Ecology 4.3.1.1 Forests 108. Madhya Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources. Lying between l at. 21° 04'N an d l ong. 74° 02' and 82 °49' E , i t i s a reservoir o f biodiversity. T he geographical ar ea o f the s tate i s 308 ,144 km2 (118,975 sq mi) which constitutes 9.38 % of the land area of the country. The forest area of the state is 95,221 km2 (36,765 sq mi) constituting 31% of the geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Le gally t his ar ea has been c lassified i nto " Reserved For est, Protected Forest and Unclassified Forest", which constitute 61.7%, 37.4% and 0. 9% of t he forest area r espectively. C entral, eas tern and s outhern parts o f the state a re rich, w hereas no rthern and w estern par ts a re deficient i n f orest. The f orest c over o f M adhya P radesh i s s hown i n Figure 4.4. 39

Figure 4.4 : Forest Cover Map of Madhya Pradesh 109. The forests of Project District: According to Champion and Seth classification m odified b y V .K. S eth t he forests i n t he s tudy ar ea ar e Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous forests. 110. Dry & Teak For ests: It occurs extensively on t he eastern and no rthern slopes of B agh, S ardarpur, D hamnod and M anawar r anges. This i s t he climax vegetation of the area stabilised by the reduction of other varieties due to grazing and fires. In such areas the top canopy is usually filled up by teak well with an increased number of associate species. 111. Mixed For ests: The M ixed f orests v ary f rom t he g eneral t ype. T he admixture of a large number of species to dry types like that of salai and the m altreated ar eas o f s crubs and gr asses. These oc cur ov er v ery undulating t opography. M ostly in degraded c onditions of t he ov er w ood and Underwood ar e har dly distinguishable. Among t he associates salai, anjun, rohan, dhaora, saj and chloroxylon swietenia are most widespread. 112. In t he pr oject di strict R atlam, there i s a B ird s anctuary nam ed S alana (Kharmore S anctuary) which is located at Javra t ehsil. The s anctuary extends over an ar ea of 1296.541 hectares. However, i t does not falls within the study area. 4.3.1.2 Flora

113. The study area is dominated by open, dry barren areas. Some agriculture fields are also observed during the survey. The tree density is very less in the study area. Prosopis juliflora Acacia catechu are most dominant plant species observed dur ing t he survey. T he r oad side vegetation is m ostly thorny and do minated by di fferent s pecies o f Prosopis and Zy zypus. Other t ree s pecies obs erved dur ing the s urvey are Butea m onosperma, Bombax ceiba mangifera indica Eucalyptus spp, Delonix regia, Ipomeas pp., Zy zypus zuzuba, B amboo s pp, Acacia c atechu A cacia ni lotica, prosopis juliflora, Calotropis procera, lantana camera, Azadirachta indica,

40

Ficus benghal ensis, A gave am ericana etc. The l ist of c ommon t rees observed during the present survey along the road is given in Table 4.11. 114. The study area shows presence of medicinal plants. The area abounds in production of many kinds of fruits, flowers, seeds and leaves which have medicinal pr operties. S tudy ar ea has g ot a v ariety of t rees and pl ants owing t o the climatic and g eological factors. There ar e many plants like Acacia c atechu, A cacia ni lotica, Butea m onosperma, E ucalyptus s pp., Calotropis procera, Ficus benghalensis, Mangifera indica, Ficus religiosa, Azadirachta indica which have medicinal value found in the study area. 115. No l oss of any t hreatened, r are o r endang ered pl ant sp ecies is envisaged in the project area. Table 4.11 : List of Plant Species found in the Study Area

S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family Large Trees 1. Achar Buchanania lanzan (spreg) Anacardiaceae 2. Arjun Terminalia arjuna (Bedd) Combretaceae 3. Aam Mangifera indica (Linn) Anacardiaceae 4. Awla Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae 5. Imli Tamarindus indica (Linn) Caesalpiniaceae 6. Kardhai Anogeissus pendula Combrataceae 7. Kala siras Albizia lebbek Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 8. Kevlor Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpinaceae 9. Kumbhi Careya arborea Myrtaceae 10. Kullu Sterculia urens Stcrculiaceae 11. Kem Mitragyna parvifolia Rubiaceae 12. Khair Acacia catechu Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 13. Gular Ficus glomerata Moraceae 14. Gunja Gardenia pinnata Burseraceae 15. Chchwa Albizzia odoratissima Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 16. Chirol Holoptelea integrifolia Legumenosae (Mimoseae) 17. Jamun Syzygium cuimini Myrataceae 18. Kankar Lannea coromandalica Anacardiaceae 19. Tendu Diospyros melanoxeon Ebenaceae 20. Dhavda Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae 21. Dhobin Dalbergia paniculata Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 22. Nilgiri Eucalyptus spp Myrtaceae 23. Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 24. Palas Butea monosperma Leguminosea (papilionaceae) 25. Pakar Ficus infectoria Moraceae 26. Padar Stereospermum suaveolens Bignoniaceae 27. Pangra Erythrina Suberosa Leguminosae (Pipilionaceae) 28. Pipal Ficus religiosa Moraceae 29. Bad Ficus bengalensis Moraceae 30. Bahera Terminalia belerica Combretaceae 41

S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family 31. Babul Acacia nilotica Legumenosae (Mimoseae) 32. Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae 33. Bhirra Chloroxylon Swietenia, D.C. Meliaceae 34. Maharukh Ailanthus excelsa Simarubiaceae 35. Mahua Madhuca indica Sapotaceae 36. Shisham Delbergia latifolia, Roxb Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 37. Safed Siras Albizzia procera, Benth Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 38. Sagwan Tectona grandis Verbenaceae 39. Saj Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae 40. Salai Boswellia serrata Burseraceae 41. Seja Lagerstroemia parviflora Lythraceae 42. Semal Salmalia malabarica, Bombaxcieba Malvaceae 43. Haldu Adina Cardifolia Rubiaceae Small Trees 44. Amaltash Cassia fistula Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 45. Astara Bauhinia malabarica Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 46. Asta Bauhinia racermosa Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 47. Ghont Zizyphus xylopyra Rhamnaceae 48. Ber Zizyphus jujube Rhamnaceae 49. Lokhandi Ixora arborea Rubiaceae 50. Sehra Bauhinia retusa Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) Shrubs and Under Shrubs 51. Adusa Adhatoda vasica Acanthaceae 52. Apamarg Achyranthes aspera Amaranthaceae 53. Arandi Ricinus Communis Euphorbiaceae 54. Aak Calotropis gigantean Asclepiadaceae 55. Gokhru Tribulus terrestris Zygophllaceae 56. Zhadneri Zizyphus nummularia Rhamnaceae 57. Tulsi Ocimum Sanctum Labiatae 58. Thuar Euphorbia nerifolia Euphorbiaceae 59. Dhavai Woodfordia fruticosa Lythraceae 60. Nirgudi Vitex negundo Verbenaceae 61. Neel Indigofera pulchella Leguminosae 62. Pawar Cassia tora Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 63. Beshram Ipomoea pescaparae Convolvulaceae 64. Bhatkatiya Solanum nigrum Solanaceae 65. s Vidyasini Lantana camara Verbenaceae 66. Shatavari Asparagus recemosus Liliaceae 67. Sitafal Anona Squamosa Anonaceae 68. Harsingar Nyctanthes arbortristis Oleacaae 69. Ratanjot Jatropha curacas Evphorbiaceae 70. Gunja Abrus precatorious Leguminosea 71. Gauj Millietia auriculata Leguminosea (Pipilionaceae)

42

S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family 72. Palasbel Butea superba Leguminosea (Pipilionaceae) 73. Amrbel Cuscuta reflexa Convolvulaceae 74. Bans Dendrocalamus Strictus Gramineae Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 4.3.1.3 Fauna 4.3.1.4 Wild Life and Protected Areas

116. There are 9 National Parks and 25 Sanctuaries spread over an area of 10,862 km2 constituting 11.40% of the total forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of the state. The details of National Park and Sanctuaries are shown in Figure 4.5.

Figure 4.5 : National Parks and Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh 117. The vegetation density and diversity is an important factor determining the habitat and thus for particular wild animals. Different animals prefer different types of habitat for food and shelter. During the survey Squirrel, mongoose and macaque were sighted in some locations. Grazing activity mostly performed by domestic animals like cow, buffaloes, goat etc. however, the public consultation revealed the existence of Hare and macaque in the study area. List of fauna present in study area is given in Table 4.12.

43

Table 4.12 : List of Fauna found in the Study Area S. No. Local Name Zoological Name Family 1. Common Langur Presbytia entellus Colobidae 2. Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta Circopthecidae 3. Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi Herpestidae 4. Jackal Canis aureus Canidae 5. Indian Fox Vulpes benglensis Canidae 6. Common five Stripped squirrel Funambulus pennanti Sciuridae 7. Field rat Bandicota bengalensis Muridae 8. Common house rat Rattus rattus-refescena Muridae 9. Common Indian hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 118. The reptile includes the snakes and lizards of various types. T he agriculture field in the study area provides an ideal habitat for many snakes and o ther reptiles. R eptiles s uch a s R ussell v iper, cobra w as found occasionally in the dense vegetation areas as per-narrated by local people. The list of common reptiles found in the study area is shown in Table 4.13. Table 4.13 : List of Reptiles in the Study Area S. No. Scientific Name English Name Family 1 Python molurus Indian python Pythonidae 2 Mabuya carinata Common skink Scincidae 3 Ptyas mucosus Rat snake Colubridae 4 Hemidactyhus flaviviridis House Lizard Gekkonidae 5 Calotes versicolor Garden Lizard Agamidae 6 Bungarus caeruleus Common India Krait Elapidae 7 Viper russelli Russel’s Viper Viperidae 8 Dendrelaphis tristis Tree snake Colubridae Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 4.3.1.5 Avifauna

119. A t otal num ber o f 22 species o f bi rds w ere encountered dur ing the present survey. Dominant bi rd species observed during the survey are green bee eat er, bl ue rock pigeon s mall bl ue k ingfisher, r ose ringed parakeet, house crow, common m yna, H ouse sparrow et c. Li st o f bi rd species found in study area is given in Table 4.14.

44

Table 4.14 : List of Avifauna found in the Study Area S. No. Standard English Name Zoological Name Family 1. Gray Heron Ardea Cinerea Ardeidae 2. Paddy Bird Ardeola grayii Ardeidae 3. Cattle egret Bulbulcus ibis Ardeidae 4. White egret Egretta alba Ardeidae 5. Little Egret Egretta garzetta Ardeidae 6. Black parteidge Francolinus from Colinus Phasianidae 7. Gray partridge Francolinus pond- Phasianidae icerianus 8. Common or gray quail Cotuenix coturnix Phasianidae 9. Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Charadridae 10. Yellow wattled lapwing Vanellus malabaricus Charadridae 11. Common green pigeon Treron Phoenicoptera Collumbidae 12. Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Collumbidae 13. Indian ring dove Streptopelia decaocto Collumbidae 14. Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis Collumbidae 15. Large Indian Parakeet Psittacula eupatria Psittacidae 16. Rose ringed Parakeet Psittacula Krameri Psittacidae 17. Blossom headed parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala Psittacidae 18. Koel Eudynamys Cuculidae scolopaceae 19. Coucal Centropus sinensis Cuculidae 20. Pied king fisher Ceryle rudis Alcedinidae 21. Small Blue king fisher or Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae Common king fisher 22. White breasted king fisher Halcyon smyrnensis Alcedinidae 23. Green bee eater Merops orientalis Meropidae 24. Indian roller blue jay Coracias benghalensis Coracidae 25. Indian pitta Pitta brachyuran Pittiade 26. Golden oriole Oriolus oriolus Orioladae 27. King crow; Black Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis Dicruidae 28. Large Racket tailed drango Dicrurus paradiseus Dicruidae 29. Pied myna Sturnus contra Sturnidae 30. Common myna Aeridotheres tristis Sturnidae 31. Jungle myna Aeridotheres Sturnidae 32. House crow Corvus splendens Corvidae 33. Jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos Corvidae 34. Red whisked bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus Pycnontidae 35. Redvented bulbul Pyenonotus cafer Pycnontidae 36. Jungle babbler Turdoidesstriatus Muscicapidae Timalinae 37. Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata Muscicapidae 38. Magpie Robin Copsychus-saularis Muscicapidae Turdinae 39. Indian Robin Saxicola fulicatus Muscicapidae Turdinae 40. Grey wagtail Motacilla cinerea Motacillidae 41. Yellow Wagtail Motacilla glava Motacillidae 42. Purple sun Bird Nectarinia asiatica Nectarinidae 43. House sparrow Passer-domesticus passerinae 44. Weaver bird Ploceus philippinus passerinae 45. Red Munia Estrilda amandava Estrildinae 45

Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 120. There are no Wild Life Sanctuaries/National Parks, Tiger Reserves etc. in the project area. 4.3.1.6 Roadside Plantations 121. The major species observed are mango, teak, neem, jamun, palas, saja, seasam, m ahua etc. It i s found t hat abou t 3314 t rees ex ist w ithin formation width of 12 m and are likely to be cut. Maximum efforts shall be made to minimize cutting of trees. The Chainage-wise list of trees along the project road is given in Table 4.15.

Table 4.15 : Trees along Project Road (within 20m width) Chainage Left Right Total From To Agar to Barod 0 1 0 2 2 1 2 2 4 6 2 3 32 40 72 3 4 60 60 120 4 5 100 80 180 5 6 27 25 52 6 7 0 0 0 7 8 2 2 4 8 9 0 0 0 9 10 1 2 3 10 11 7 6 13 11 12 6 8 14 12 13 3 0 3 13 14 3 4 7 14 15 6 7 13 15 16 16 4 20 16 17 24 50 74 17 18 28 15 43 18 19 17 20 37 19 20 31 30 61 20 21 68 55 123 21 22 52 60 112 22 23 23 18 41 23 24 10 10 20 24 25 15 40 55 25 26 5 9 14 26 27 6 19 25 27 28 15 15 30 28 29 25 8 33 29 30 8 10 18 30 31 6 21 27 31 32 11 13 24 32 33 4 10 14

46

Chainage Left Right Total From To 33 34 17 8 25 Barod to Alot 0 1 15 14 29 1 2 29 20 49 2 3 16 15 31 3 4 13 25 38 4 5 21 30 51 5 6 45 20 65 6 7 23 15 38 7 8 45 12 57 8 9 30 11 41 9 10 27 17 44 10 11 70 14 84 11 12 3 0 3 12 13 10 0 10 13 14 0 4 4 13 12 5 6 11 12 11 4 3 7 11 10 8 7 15 10 9 0 0 0 9 8 0 0 0 8 7 7 0 7 7 6 5 10 15 6 5 6 8 14 5 4 40 13 53 4 3 20 8 28 3 2 35 10 45 2 1 5 7 12 1 0 8 6 14 Alot to Jaora 48 47 7 11 18 47 46 6 13 19 46 45 10 5 15 45 44 10 16 26 44 43 10 13 23 43 42 6 11 17 42 41 7 5 12 41 40 15 8 23 40 39 10 4 14 39 38 12 9 21 38 37 8 13 21 37 36 5 12 17 36 35 11 8 19 35 34 12 7 19 34 33 8 10 18 33 32 6 15 21 47

Chainage Left Right Total From To 32 31 10 14 24 31 30 8 12 20 30 29 5 10 15 29 28 11 7 18 28 27 9 9 18 27 26 6 5 11 26 25 8 9 17 25 24 10 4 14 24 23 15 8 23 23 22 10 12 22 22 21 8 6 14 21 20 5 25 30 20 19 10 20 30 19 18 6 50 56 18 17 8 35 43 17 16 12 12 24 16 15 15 14 29 15 14 20 17 37 14 13 11 36 47 13 12 9 8 17 12 11 8 10 18 11 10 10 20 30 10 9 5 50 55 9 8 12 40 52 8 7 15 35 50 7 6 30 25 55 6 5 25 10 35 5 4 35 15 50 4 3 11 8 19 3 2 15 10 25 2 1 20 31 51 1 0 12 0 12 Total 1657 1657 3314 Source: DPR 4.3.2. Aquatic Ecology 122. The important fishes commonly available in t he r egion are Catla catla, Labeo r ohita, Labe io c albase, C irrihinus, m irgigale, C larius, bat rachus, Rita rita, Heteropneuptus fonilis, Notopterus nontopterus, N. Chitala, Macrobrachum rosenbergii, M. malconsini, M. Chapral, Channa punetatus C. gaehua, C.striatus.

48

4.4. Socio-Economic Development 4.4.1. Economic Progress 123. The ec onomy o f M adhya P radesh is bas ed on a griculture, forest products, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The gross domestic product of t he state am ounted to R s. 304, 720 m illion i n 1990, i n 1995 t his figure am ounted to R s. 478,410 m illion, and i n 2000 this figure stood at Rs. 737,150 million. 4.4.1.1 Agriculture 124. In 2004-05, the state has produced about 14.1million tones of food grains (comprising C ereals 10. 7million t onnes and 3. 4million t onnes o f pul ses) and about 4.8 million tones of total Oilseed (Soyabean production is 3.75 million tones). The state has contributed 7.43% food grains, 8.7% cereals and 21.4% pulses to the national food storage. The contribution of national oi l s eed pr oduction w as 22. 1% i n the 2003-04. T hus t he state became highest producer of pul ses and s econd oi lseed pr oducer i n the country in 2003-04. 125. Shajapur district is maily agriculture based district. The size of agricultural land holding i s m ostly small. Total land for A griculture in the district is about 446,000 hec tares. T wo c rops ar e t akan u p ev ery year, v iz, R abi and kharif. Main plants production is taken in 396,000 hectares. Soyabean is the major crop in this district. Main plants production is taken in. The other main crops are wheat, Jawar. Maize, Gram, Rice, Bajra, Sugarcane, Groundnut are the less important crops. Animal husbandry is also another widely practiced occupation. Main crop of Ratlam include Soyabin, G ram, Wheat and Maize. I t i s al so k nown f or some v ariety of fruits including Strawberry and G rapes. Important grain crops are Jowar, Maize and Wheat and the important pulses are Chana and Urad. 4.4.1.2 Mineral Resources 126. Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals. There are large reserves of coal and important depos its o f i ron or e, manganese o re, baux ite, limestone, dolomite, copper, fire clay & china clay. Diamond reserves at Panna are of particular interest. There are 24 cement factories in the state. The state is one of the largest producer of cement in the country. The reserves of dolomite (66 m illion t onnes), fuller’s earth ( 1.2 lakh m illion t onnes), c lay (12030 million tonnes), lime stone, quartz etc. reported in project area. 4.4.1.3 Industries 127. The m ajor i ndustries o f t he s tate ar e el ectronics, t elecommunications, petrochemicals, food pr ocessing and au tomobiles. The s tate ha s al so taken a lead in the production of cement. The state is also famous for its traditional handi crafts a nd handl ooms manufactured a t C handeri an d Maheshwar. The major industrial unit in the state are- cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Prints and Sugar mills.

49

4.4.2. Infrastructure Facilities 4.4.2.1 Industries of Project District: 128. Ratlam i s known for the gold, textiles, wire, chemical and pottery industries apart from being a market for grains and milling products. Ratlam has s everal c hemical factories na mely JVL, H ightech, I PCA, Shaba Chemicals, Bordiya Chemicals, Sujjan Chemicals etc. There are a number of manufacturing units of Copper wires and plastic rope etc. Ratlam i s al so f amous f or i ts g old and or naments for i ts pur ity and designs. Ratlami Namkin (sev) is famous throughout the country. 4.4.2.2 Water Supply 129. Madhya Pradesh ranks among top states in accessibility and availability of safe drinking water supply. Nearly 90% of the total population gets safe drinking water. Projects districts are also richly endowed by groundwater and surface water resources. Groundwater is primarily used for drinking and domestic purposes in the project influence area. 4.4.2.3 Transportation 130. Madhya P radesh i s po orly s erved with t ransport and c ommunication facilities. State has about 21km of roads per 100 sq. km, as amongst an all India average of 62 km per sq. km. The road network is deficient both in t he q uantum ne twork c onnectivity as well as i n r iding q uality o f t he roads, mainly the state highways, district roads and village roads. 131. The main railroads that pass through the state were originally laid down to connect the ports of Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata with their surrounding areas. Important r ailway j unctions i nclude B hopal, Ratlam, K handwa, Itarsi and Katni. Major airports connecting the states with other part of the country ar e a t B hopal, , I ndore, J abalpur, R ewa and K hajuraho, as well as several national highways. 132. Transportation of t he Project District: Shajapur di strict i s w ell connected by r ail and road. R ailway line i s well c onnected t o v arious cities. H ere the U jjain-Bhopal,Ujjain-Guna,Makshi-Indoreon, the Ujjain- Bhopal,Makshi, B ercha, A kodiya, S hujalpur, K alapipal ar e m ajor r ailway stations. NH-3 is passing through the district. On the railway track Ujjain- Guna, S hajapur i s t he main r ailway s tation. T he di strict has a N ational High w ay (Agra-Bombay) a s tate hi gh way ( Agar-Kota), and a g ood number of roads which connects the district headquarter with all the tehsils & villages. Ratlam is also well connected both by Rails and Roads. Ratlam j unction i s D ivisional head q uarters o f western r ailways. I t has both Broad Gauge and Meter Gauge Railway Lines. Ratlam is connected to and via National Highway no. 79. 133. The pr oposed A gar-Barod-Alot-Jaora r oad s ection s erves as a l ink connecting Shajapur and Ratlam Districts. The improvement of roads infrastructure in t he region will enhance t he t ourism pot ential as well as will lead to increased socio-economic activities in both the districts. With socio-economic dev elopment o f the di stricts an d t he s tate, t he traffic i s bound t o i ncrease. The s tate realizes the need for s ocio-economic development and t he crucial r ole that roads pl ay i n t his pr ocess.

50

Therefore, t he existing r oad infrastructure u rgently needs repair and improvement. 4.4.2.4 Power Sources and Availability 134. The s tate i s w ell end owed with pot ential h ydroelectric pow er. M ain hydroelectric pr ojects (jointly dev eloped with ot her s tates) a re the Babanthadi with Maharashtra, Ban Sagar with Bihar and U ttar Pradesh, the C hambal V alley with R ajasthan, N armada Sagar w ith Gujarat and Rajasthan, and Rajghat and Urmil with Uttar Pradesh. The Hasdeo Bango, Bargi, and Birsinghapur thermal power projects are also within the state. 135. Installed pow er c apacity of M adhya P radesh is 6305 MW, o f w hich 2990MW i s pr oduced from s tate’s ow n pr ojects, 1599 MW f rom j oint- venture pr ojects and 17 16 MW f rom t he central sector allocation. Pe r capita el ectricity c onsumption i n t he s tate i s 270 Kwh. A bout 97. 43% villages in the state have been electrified. Social and Cultural Resources. 4.5. Social and Cultural Resources 4.5.1. Population and Communities 136. Madhya Pradesh is a l andlocked state in t he central part of t he country with a popul ation o f 60. 3 million wit h m ore t han 74% o f the popul ation living in the rural areas. The population density of the state is 196persons/km2 in compare to 325 persons/km2 of India. Sex ratio of the state is 920 against the 933 in the country. 137. According t o t he c ensus 2001, t he state o f Madhya Pradesh and I ndia have following facts on Population (Table 4.16)

Table 4.16 : Demographic Profile of the State and the country S. No. Feature Madhya Pradesh India 1 Geographical Area (sq. km) 308824 3287240 2 Total Population 60385118 1028737436 3 Male population 31456873 532223090 4 Female population 28928245 496514346 5 Rural Population 44282528 742490639 6 Urban Population 16102590 286119689 7 Density 196 325 8 Sex ratio (female/1000 male) 920 933 9 Literacy (%) 64.08 64.8 Source: Census Data, Census of India, 2001 138. The project road SH-41 is passing through the 20 villages of the Ratlam and Shajapur districts. These villages are listed in Table 4.17.

51

Table 4.17 : List of villages in the project road Name of Chainages Town/Village Start End Agar – Barod Agar Town 0/000 1/200 Sudvas 17/100 17/200 Piplon 17/780 17/900 Barod 25/200 26/700 Jawara – Alot Jawara 0/000 0/400 Islamnagar 4/000 4/200 Dughakhedi 8/100 8/200 Sinduriya 10/100 10/400 Hatpipaliy 14/800 14/900 Mindli 17/000 17/100 Ram sadh 22/200 22/300 Tal Town 26/600 28/300 Bhutiya 33/600 34/100 Gulabalod 39/100 39/200 Alot Town 44/500 48/000 Alot town to Ratlam District Boundary Lakshmipura 5/100 5/400 Kheda 9/100 9/200 Kalsiya 10/600 10/800 Barod town to Ratlam District Boundary Ramkhedi 1/700 1/800 Guradiya 4/700 4/800 Source: DPR and Strip Mapping 139. The t otal number o f ho useholds i n t he v illages of t he pr oject r oad i s 14263 w ith a t otal popul ation of 82906 . O ut of t hese, about 85 % i s general. T he S C/ST p opulation ac counts for about 15% o f t he t otal population as shown i n Figure 4. 6. The figure al so r eveals t hat the gender ratio among SC/ST population is almost the same.

52

2.07% 6000 13.10% 5000

4000 M F GEN SC 3000 ST 2000 Population (Nos) 1000

84.83% 0 SC ST

Figure 4.6 : Demographic Status of the Project Section 4.5.2. Literacy 140. The overall literacy r ate of Madhya Pradesh is 64. 08%, which is almost equivalent to the countries literacy rate (64.8%). The project road passing through t he Ratlam a nd S hajapur districts o f M adhya P radesh c overing villages have total literacy rate of 61.40 %.The population of literate male (59.62%) is comparatively high than female literate (40.37%) as shown in Figure 4.7.

35000

30000

25000 LIT ILL

20000

15000

Population (Nos) 10000

5000

0 Male Female

Figure 4.7 : Literacy rate along the project section 4.5.3. Occupational Status 141. In the villages of the project road 36.02 % of the total population comprise the workforce of t he pr oject a rea. 7 5.52% c omprise t he male w orking class popul ation. M arginal popul ation o f v illages o f the p roject road i s 6.48 % with 63.79 % represented by female population is comparatively high. Maximum percentage of the workers is in the agriculture sector as cultivators or agricultural labourers or employee in agro based industries. 53

21%

30%

MA IN CL MA IN W ORKER MAIN AL 7% MA RG W ORKER MA IN HH NON W ORKER MA IN O T 3%

64% 6% 69%

16000 3500

14000 3000 M F 12000 M F 2500 10000 2000 8000 1500 6000 Population (Nos) 1000 Population (Nos) 4000 500 2000 0 0 MA RG CL MARG AL MA RG HH MARG OT MAIN CL MAIN AL MAIN HH MAIN OT Figure 4.8 : Occupational status along the Alignment 142. Tribal popul ation i n t he pr oject area is low ( 2.06 % i n t he pr oject a rea) they also live in the mainstream of the society as shown in Figure 4.8. 4.5.4. Structures or sites of historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural significance 143. There is no such site of significance either impacted or in the close vicinity of the project area. 4.5.4.1 Areas of Eco-Sensitivity/Protected Area/Restricted Area legislative and others 144. The project road does not pass through any National Park / Wildlife Sanctuary etc.

54

5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 145. Environmental impacts have been assessed considering present environmental setting of the project ar ea, nat ure, and ex tent of t he proposed ac tivities. S uitable appr oach and qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to ascertain likely direct and indirect impacts during design, construction and operation stages of the project. Impacts are classified as being insignificant, minor, moderate and major. The mitigation measures have been presented along with the impacts. . 146. During the field study, a num ber of informal consultations were held with people in the locality including those presently living along the various stretches o f t he s ub p roject c orridor. S ome N GOs w orking i n the ar eas were also contacted. Discussions were held with various concerned Government authorities like with Forests Departments, pollution control boards, S tate env ironmental i mpact as sessment aut hority. Outcome of these consultations is referred for environmental impact assessment and designing of mitigative measures. 5.1. Impact on Physical Environment 5.1.1. Climate Design and Construction Phase 147. Project will ha ve no i mpact on c limate of the ar ea. T he subproject may have minor impact on weather conditions of the area due to cutting of the 144 trees. Mitigation Measures 148. All efforts are made to minimise the cutting of trees. Supervision consultants will further ens ure m inimal cutting o f the t rees during t he construction stage. The compensatory afforestation shall be made on the basis 1: 7. T he pl antations s hall beg in with s tart o f c onstruction. The survival of plantation will be ensured, ev en if they are planted through concerned forest department. Tree of native variety only will be planted. In addition to above plantation, additional trees shall be planted through village Panchayats to improve microclimatic conditions of the area. Operation Stage 149. The s ub-project r oad i s located i n vast open agr icultural l and which w ill provide adeq uate dispersion of gaseous em ission f rom vehicle. Fur ther, extensive plantation will ameliorate/enhance the micro-climate. It also has associated benefits with respect to Green H ouse Gas (GHG) emission reduction. The GHG emission reduction is anticipated due to improved road conditions and better connectivity. The GHG reduction is anticipated due to reduced idling of vehicle. Mitigation Measures 150. It is proposed that M PRDC m ay i nitiate s tudy t o as sess the GHG emission r eduction an d r eap the ec onomic benefits from r oad improvement projects including higher tree plantation. 55

5.1.2. Natural Hazard 151. Flood: The project section at few locations is having rolling terrain which has the possibility of getting flooded during monsoon due to low level of the alignment and choking of drains. 152. Earthquake: The s ub project roads l ies i n s eismic z one I I/III as per classification by B ureau o f I ndian S tandards. T his means lower t o medium seismic intensity. Mitigation Measures 153. In order to prevent the flood-like situation in the Agar-Barod section, the volume of t he c ulverts i n t his s ection m ust be i ncreased i norder t o increase their c arrying c apacity. Fur ther, the hei ght o f the embankment must be ade quately r aised abov e the present level t o avoid any water logging on the road. 154. All subproject s tructures shall be designed with consideration of above seismicity.

5.1.3. Air Quality Design and Construction Phase 155. The potential sources of air emission during the construction phase of the project are: (i) dus t from ear th w orks ( during s ite p reparation), (ii) emissions from t he ope ration o f c onstruction eq uipment and machines, (iii) f ugitive e missions f rom vehicles p lying on t he road, (iv) f ugitive emissions during the transport of construction materials, (v) air emissions other than dust arise from combustion of hydrocarbons particularly from the hot mix pl ants, and (vi) l ocalised i ncreased t raffic c ongestion i n construction ar eas. Most of t he e missions w ill be i n t he form o f c oarse particulate m atter which will s ettle dow n i n c lose v icinity of c onstruction site. Hot m ix pl ant will g enerate carbon m onoxide ( CO), un -burnt hydrocarbon (HC), s ulphur di oxide (SO2), par ticulate matters ( PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. This may affect the air quality of nearby areas, especially, due to emission discharge from low height of the stack. However, this will be a temporary phase and hence, no significant impact is envisaged. 156. The s tone a ggregate will be s ourced from l icensed q uarries. N o new quarries shall be open for the pr oject. The pollution related as pects to these quarries are independently complied by the quarry owner. Mitigation Measures 157. Road pav ement des ign should be s uch t hat t yre fr iction due t o v ehicle movement will b e reduced. Vehicles del ivering l oose and fine materials like sand and aggregates shall be covered. Dust suppression measures like w ater s prinkling, w ater fogging s hall be a pplied i n al l dus t pr one locations s uch as unpa ved haulage r oads5, ear thworks, s tockpiles and

5 Water suppression of fugitive dust can reduce emissions from 12% to 98%

56

asphalt m ixing pl ant ar eas. P PE s hall be pr ovided t o t he c onstruction workers to minimise inhalation of respirable suspended particulate matter. 158. Mixing plants and asphalt (hot mix) plants shall be located at least 1 km away and i n downwind direction of the hu man s ettlements. Material storage ar eas s hall al so be l ocated do wnwind of the habi tation ar ea. Contractor shall obtain consent to establish and oper ate from concerned State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) before its use for the project road. Hot m ix plant shall be f itted with stack of adequate height ( 30 m) or as may be prescribed by SPCB to ensure enough dispersion of exit gases. Diesel G enerating (DG) s ets s hall al so be f itted w ith s tack o f a dequate height. Lo w s ulphur d iesel s hall be us ed i n D G s ets and ot her construction machineries. Construction vehicles and machineries shall be periodically maintained. LPG s hould be us ed as fuel s ource i n construction camps instead of wood, wherever possible. 159. Air q uality monitoring shall be c arried out dur ing c onstruction phas e. Suitable pol lution c ontrol m easures s hall be adopted if monitored parameters are found above the prescribed limit. 160. The aggregate will be transported in the covered quarries through existing national and state highways. Operation Phase 161. The bad road conditions, the idling of vehicles are the main causes of the air and noise pollution at present. The improved road conditions will result in the improved ambient air quality. Since traffic is projected to increase with improved roads and better connectivity, the impact will remain more or less same. Since subproject is largely traverse through vast open agriculture areas, which provides adequate dispersion to gaseous pollutants generated from vehicles. Mitigation Measures 162. It i s proposed to m aintain t he r oad c onditions including s houlders and embankment turfing. Thick trees shall be planted close to sensitive locations such as hospital, school boundaries and near religious places. 163. Caution sign f or s peed r egulation and l ane dr iving s hall be fixed near habitat areas. Educative awareness boards for safe and fuel efficient driving shall be fixed at selective locations. 5.1.4. Noise Design and Construction Phase 164. Ambient noi se l evel m ay i ncrease t emporarily i n t he c lose vicinity o f various construction activities, maintenance workshops and vehicles and earthmoving e quipment. These construction activities ar e ex pected to produce noise levels in the range of 80 – 95 dB(A) (at a distance of about 5 m from the source). Although this level of noise is higher the permissible limit for ambient noise level for residential/commercial levels but w ill oc cur onl y i ntermittently and t emporary. This noi se l evel will attenuate fast with increase in distance from noise source. Impact due to noise dur ing c onstruction ac tivities w ill be m inimal t o i nhabitants s ince most of the built-up areas are located at safer distance from the road. 57

However, there are few noise sensitive locations especially schools close to the alignment (Table 5.1)

Table 5.1 : List of Noise-Sensitive Locations along the Alignment Offset from Chainage S. No. Village District Feature Side the edge of (km) the road(m) Agar - Barod - Rajasthan border 1 17.30 Sudvas Shajapur Temple Left 6.90 Alot to Jawra 1 47.90 Alot Town Ratlam Dargah Left 5.40 2 47.70 Alot Town Ratlam Park Left 3.00 3 47.30 Alot Town Ratlam School Left 4.00 4 45.55 Alot Town Ratlam Temple Left 8.40 5 45.50 Alot Town Ratlam Temple Left 4.00 6 37.10 Bhutiya Ratlam Temple Left 8.90 7 31.20 Tal Town Ratlam Temple Right 7.20 8 26.60 Tal Town Ratlam Temple Left 6.40 9 19.70 Mindli Ratlam Temple Left 9.70 10 17.10 Mindlii Ratlam Temple Left 2.70 11 14.80 Hatpipaliy Ratlam Mosque Right 7.70 12 11.10 Sinduriya Ratlam Temple Right 8.30 13 0.80 Jawra Ratlam Mosque Left 8.90 Source: DPR Mitigation Measures 165. Vehicles and eq uipments should be fitted with silencers and maintained well. The workers shall be provided with personal protection devices such as earplugs and earmuffs. Tree plantation shall be started along with the construction activities. Noise and vibration monitoring shall be carried out as per the s uggested m onitoring plan. The construction equipments/machinery ( stationary) shall be pl aced aw ay f rom habi tat areas Operation Phase 166. During the operational phase, movement of traffic will be the prime source of noise. Traffic congestion and pedestrian interferences increase the use of horns. T his m ay result in i ncrease noi se l evels at c ommercial ar eas, nearby schools and religious places. Mitigation Measures

58

167. Effective traffic m anagement and g ood r iding c onditions shall be maintained t o reduce the noise l evel throughout t he stretch and speed limitation and hon king r estrictions m ay be enforced n ear s ensitive locations especially at Islamnagar (Ch. 59.5), Alot ( Ch. 44.5). Multilayer trees shall be planted close to the sensitive locations. 5.1.5. Impact on Land and Soil 5.1.5.1 Loss of Productive Soil and Change in Land use Design and Construction Phase 168. No la nd us e will c hange due t o the pr oject since r equired R OW is available throughout the alignment. Land use though will change temporarily of construction camp areas and for the period of construction. This will also result in loss of soil productivity. 169. Land use may also change due to borrowing the earth. Land will also loose its productivity if top soil is not preserved. Mitigation Measures 170. It s hall be ens ured t hat t he l and t aken on l ease for ac cess r oad and construction camp is restored back to its original land use before handing it over back to land owner. 171. The top soil from the productive land (borrow areas, road widening areas etc.) shall be preserved and reused for plantation purposes. It shall also be us ed as t op c over of em bankment s lope for gr owing vegetation t o protect soil erosion. Operation Phase 172. The be tter ac cess c an l ead t o c onversion of agriculture land f or residential and c ommercial pur poses c lose t o roads and es pecially i n rural and ur ban ar ea. This m ay r esult i n l oss of p roductive l and and agricultural produce. Mitigation Measures 173. The EA may explore the feasibility of restricting about 50 m area on either side of the road as no development zone on the line restriction is imposed for National Highways in India. 5.1.5.2 Soil Erosion Design and Construction Phase 174. Soil erosion may take place along steep and un compacted embankment slope, and wherever vegetation is cleared. Soil erosion may have cumulative ef fect v iz. s iltation, e mbankment da mage, dr ainage problem etc. Los s o f s oil due t o r un of f from ea rth s tock-piles m ay al so lead t o siltation. The intensity of soil erosion at different locations will be influenced by the lithology, topography, soil type and c limatic condition (mainly rainfall) and drainage pattern.

59

Mitigation Measures 175. Bank protection m easures s hall be t aken at e rosion pr one ar eas. The protection measures may include use of geo-textiles matting. Provision of side dr ain s hall be m ade t o g uide t he w ater t o nat ural out falls. Stone pitching shall be carried out wherever necessary. When soil is spread on slopes for permanent disposal, it shall be buttressed at the toe by retaining walls. Side slopes of the embankment shall not be steeper than 2H:1V. Turfing/bio-turfing of embankment and slopes shall be done along the s tretch. IRC: 5 6-1974 r ecommended p ractice for t reatment o f embankment slopes for erosion control shall be t aken into consideration. Soil er osion s hall be visually c hecked on s lopes and hi gh embankment areas. In case soil erosion is found, suitable measures shall be taken to control the soil erosion. 176. Though terrain is flat all through the stretch, except at few locations where it i s r olling terrain. Therefore, a ll s teep c uts s hall be flattened and benched. Retaining wall on both sides shall be provided. Shrubs shall be planted in loose soil area. Operation Phase 177. Soil of steep slopes of embankment and near bridge approaches may erode the embankment formation due to unexpected rainfall. Soil erosion condition m ay ar ise i f bor row ar eas ar e not s tabilized/restored pr operly. Regular m onitoring for effectiveness o f s oil er osion m easures (turfing, stone pitching, etc.) shall form part of the environmental monitoring during project operation). Suitable strengthening measures shall be taken to prevent r eoccurrence o f s oil er osion at ex isting erosion prone l ocations and prevent them at newer locations. 5.1.5.3 Borrow Areas and Quarries Design and Construction Phase 178. The project area is generally having a flat terrain with some portion under rolling terrain, particularly between Agar-Barod section. Farmers were ready t o pr ovide ear th from their field up to c ertain dept h on ade quate compensation, based o n agr eements be tween them and the r espective contractor. 179. Borrow areas if left un-rehabilitated may pose risk to people, particularly children and animals of ac cidentally f alling i nto i t as well as become potential breeding ground for mosquitoes and vector born disease. 180. Illegal q uarrying m ay lead t o uns table s oil condition; des troy t he landscape of the terrain, air and noise pollution. Opening of new quarries is not envisaged due t o t he p roposed p roject. Quarry m aterial w ill be sourced from existing nearby quarries. Mitigation Measures 181. It i s recommended t hat bor rowing from a gricultural l and s hall be minimised to the extent possible. Further, no earth shall be borrowed from already low lying areas.

60

182. Borrow pits s hall be selected from ba rren land/wasteland t o the ex tent possible. Borrow areas should not be located on cultivable lands except in the situations where land owners desires to level the land. The top soil shall be pr eserved and dept h s hall be restricted t o t he des ired l evel. Borrow ar eas s hould be ex cavated as per t he intended end us e by t he owner. T he I ndian R oad C ongress (IRC):10-1961 g uideline s hould be used for selection of borrow pits and amount that can be borrowed 183. The depths in borrow pits should be so regulated that the sides are not be steeper t han 25% . To the extent possible, borrow ar eas shall be sited away f rom habi ted ar eas. B orrow ar eas s hall b e l evelled w ith s alvaged material or other filling materials which do not pose contamination of soil. Else, i t s hall be c onverted i nto i ntended us e as per the requirement of land owner/community. The borrow area shall be located/ rehabilitated as per the guidelines given at Appendix 5.1 5.1.5.4 Compaction and Contamination of Soil Design and Construction Phase 184. Soil i n t he adj oining pr oductive l ands be yond t he ROW, haulage r oads, and c onstruction c amp area may be c ompacted due t o movement of construction v ehicles, machineries, e quipments and due t o s iting o f construction camps and workshops. 185. Soil may get contaminated due to inappropriate disposal of liquid waste, (lubricating oil and fuel spills, waste oil and lubricant and vehicle/equipment washing effluent) and solid waste (fuel filters, oily rags) likely to be generated from repair and maintenance of transport vehicles, construction equipment and machinery. Soil may get contaminated due to inappropriate disposal o f domestic solid w aste and s ewage from construction camps. Mitigation Measures 186. To prevent soil compaction in the adjoining productive lands beyond the ROW, the movement of construction vehicles, machinery and eq uipment shall be restricted to the designated haulage r oute. The productive land shall be reclaimed after construction activity. Septic tank or mobile toilets fitted with anaerobic treatment facility s hall be provided at construction camp. D omestic s olid w aste at c onstruction c amp s hall be s egregated into bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste. The non- biodegradable and r ecyclable waste s hall be s old of f. E fforts s hall be made t hat bio-degradable waste shall be c omposted in t he m echanised and m ovable composter by t he c ontractor. N on bi odegradable and non saleable waste shall be disposed off to authorised land fill site. If land fill site not available then burial of the waste in a secured manner shall be ensured. 187. Fuel and lubricants shall be stored at the predefined storage location. The storage area shall be paved with gentle slope to a corner and connected with a chamber to collect any spills of the oils. All efforts shall be made to minimise the waste generation. Unavoidable waste shall be stored at the designated pl ace pr ior to di sposal. To av oid s oil c ontamination at t he wash-down and re-fuelling areas, “oil interceptors” shall be provided. Oil 61

and grease spill and oil soaked materials are to be collected and stored in labelled c ontainers ( Labelled: WASTE OIL; a nd haz ardous s ign b e displayed) and sold off to SPCB/ MoEF authorized re-refiners. Operation Stage 188. No i mpact on s oil i s an ticipated dur ing ope ration phas e of the pr oject except al ong s lope lying areas and near b ridge app roaches w here unexpected r ainfall m ay er ode t he e mbankment formation and deterioration of borrow areas if not rehabilitated properly. Mitigation measures 189. Erosion prone areas shall be visually checked periodically for any erosion and appr opriate c orrective ac tion s hall be t aken i f any er osion i s identified. Regular monitoring of side drains and cross drainage structures to check blockade situation. 5.1.6. Groundwater Design and Construction Stage 190. Water will be m ainly r equired for compaction of formation and dom estic purposes i n the workers c amp. T hese r equirements w ill be m ainly sourced from groundwater (approximately 500 KL per day). However, the regions- Alot and J aora ar e categorised a s O ver E xploited ar ea while Barod and Agar are Critical and S emi-Critical as per the classification by Central Ground Water Authority. Any uncontrolled abstraction can deteriorate the situation. Contamination of groundwater is not envisaged since al l c onstruction c amps w ill ha ve s eptic tanks or m obile t oilets depending on the number of workers in each camp. Mitigation Measures 191. Requisite per mission s hall be obt ained f or abs traction o f groundwater from State Ground Water Board/Central Ground Water Authority. 192. The c ontractor shall make a rrangements for w ater r equired during construction in such a way that the water availability and supply to nearby communities remains unaffected depending on site specific conditions. 193. Water intensive activities shall not be undertaken during summer period to the extent feasible. 194. Provision s hall be m ade t o l ink s ide dr ains with t he near by ponds f or facilitating w ater har vesting. Where ponds ar e not av ailable, t he w ater harvesting pi ts s hall be c onstructed as pe r t he r equirement and rainfall intensity. Operation Stage 195. No im pact is anticipated on groundwater due t o t he pr oject dur ing operation phase, hence, no specific mitigation is proposed. 5.1.7. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies Design and Construction Stage 196. The pr oject s ection i s bei ng c rossed by Chambal, Shipra, K achal and ChotiKali Sindh Rivers which dry up dur ing non-monsoon period. Hence,

62

no impact is envisaged on surface water bodies in the project section. Minimal im pacts a re a nticipated on new w ater har vesting po nds that maybe formed from borrow areas. 197. Since most of the major water bodies are seasonal in nature, siltation impact due to bridge rehabilitation works will be negligible, if construction debris/other w aste ar e c leared i mmediately after construction. T he temporary pollution of water bodies from spillage of chemicals and oil at construction s ites an d waste f rom c onstruction c amps m ay oc cur. S oil erosion has di rect bea ring on s iltation. The s iltation l ikely t o be c aused due t o bank e rosion has al ready been addr essed abov e in s oil er osion section. 198. Accidental oil and chemicals spills can contaminate the water. Mitigation Measure 199. Siltation Issues: Required mitigation as suggested in soil erosion section shall be t aken i nto c onsideration. Bridge r ehabilitation ac tivity i s recommended during non-monsoon (mid-September to mid-June) period. Silt fencing and/or brush barrier shall be installed for collecting sediments before letting them into the water body. Silt/sediment should be collected and stockpiled for possible reuse as surfacing of slopes where they have to be re-vegetated. Chute drains shall be provided to drain surface runoff and prevent erosion from slopes. 200. Fuel and Lubr icant S pillage I ssue: A ll eq uipment ope rators, d rivers, and warehouse personnel will be trained in immediate response for spill containment and eventual cleanup. No vehicles or equipment should be parked or refuelled near water-bodies, so as to avoid contamination from fuel and lubricants. All chemicals and oil shall be stored away from water and c oncreted pl atform w ith c atchment pi t f or s pills c ollection.The emergency response procedures including reporting, preferably written in the l ocal l anguage and simple t o under stand shall be pr ovided b y t he contractors. The slopes of embankments leading to water bodies should be m odified and r e-channelised t o pr event entry of contaminants. Large construction c amps s hall be a voided al ong t he a lignment and l ocated away from habitation and water bodies. 201. Waste Disposal Issues: All wastes arising from the construction should be di sposed i n an env ironmentally ac cepted m anner s o as not t o bl ock the flow of water in the channels. The wastes should be collected, stored and transported t o t he appr oved disposal sites. Construction l abourers shall be preferable from local population. Sewage from labour camps will be treated t hrough septic t anks. N o untreated sanitary wastewater s hall be discharged into surface water bodies. Operation Stage 202. No major or long-term impact is anticipated during the operation phase on the surface water bodies due to the project implementation activities. Oil- contaminated runoff from the road during monsoon will have minimal impacts c onsidering their low c oncentration. However, r egular v isual checks shall be made to observe any i ncidence o f blockade of d rains. 63

Regular c hecks s hall be m ade for s oil er osion and t urfing c onditions of river training structures for its effective maintenance. 5.1.8. Hydrology and Drainage Design and Construction Stage 203. The activities involved with proposed road development will be carried out along w ith e xisting al ignment. N o new br idge i s pr oposed t o be constructed. Existing bridges/cross drainage structures are only to be improved. Diversion of w ater c hannels dur ing rehabilitation o f c ross drainage structures is not envisaged. Mitigation Measures 204. Elaborate dr ainage s ystem s hall be pr ovided t o dr ain t he s torm w ater from the roadway and embankment and to ensure minimum disturbance to nat ural dr ainage o f surface and s ubsurface water of t he area. T he design o f dr ainage s ystem s uch as s urface an d s ub-surface dr ainage shall be c arried out as per IRC: SP: 42 and IRC: SP: 50. Surface runoff from the main highway, embankment slopes and the service roads shall be di scharged t hrough l ongitudinal dr ains, des igned for ade quate c ross section, bed slopes, invert levels and t he outfalls. If necessary, the walls of t he dr ains s hall be d esigned t o r etain t he adj oining ear th. IRC: 3 4- 1970: R ecommendations f or r oad c onstruction i n waterlogged ar ea and IRC: 75 and M OSRTH guidelines for Design of High Embankments shall be referred. 205. Provision of additional cross drainage structure shall be made in the areas w here near by l and i s s loping t owards r oad al ignment i n bot h t he both sides.

Plate 1: Ch. 86.7 (Near Barod) Plate 2: Ch. 76.4 (Near Tal Town)

Operation Stage 206. Water accumulation incidence may occur due to inadequate availability of cross drainage structure or clogging of cross drainage structures. Mitigation Measures 207. Regular r emoval/cleaning of deposited s ilt shall be done from d rainage channels and outlet points before the monsoon season. Rejuvenation of

64

the dr ainage system by r emoving enc roachments/ c ongestions will b e regularly conducted. 5.2. Impact on Biological Environment 5.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology 208. It i s es timated t hat abo ut 144 t rees ar e l ikely t o be c ut i n t he pr oject section due to t he pr oposed r oad i mprovement w ork. The impact and mitigation due to tree cutting has been discussed in following paragraphs. Design and Construction Stage 209. One m onth before t he construction s tarts, c learing and grubbing will be performed by the contractor. All trees within the ROW with 300 mm diameter a t 1 m above the gr ound w ill be c ut, i ncluding t he r emoval o f stumps. All stumps and roots of trees of girth more than 33 mm at above 1 m from the ground level will be culled. 210. There ar e al together 14 4 t rees l ikely t o be af fected due t o t he pr oject. Most of the roadside trees are non-fruit bearing in nature. The list of trees that will be c ut is given in Table 5.2. The cutting of trees will have minor to negligible impact on local environment. Moreover, this will be temporary since large number of trees have been planned to be planted on both sides of the road. This will improve the local climatic conditions in long term.

Table 5.2 List of Trees to be Cut 65

S. Proposed Side Offset from No. Chainage Centreline (km) (m) Agar-Barod junction (0.000 km to 25.773 km) 1 2.140 Left 3.7 2 4.100 Left 6.9 3 4.270 Right 4.5 4 16.870 Left 5.0 5 17.290 Left 4.4 6 21.050 Right 4.8 Barod jn-Ratlam district border (km 25.773 to km 39.980) 7 26.070 Left 4.5 8 28.840 Left 6.7 9 28.900 Left 6.0 10 29.620 Left 5.3 11 29.630 Left 5.5 12 29.630 Right 6.0 13 29.650 Right 5.8 14 29.670 Right 6.2 15 29.690 Left 5.5 16 29.740 Right 4.4 17 29.950 Right 3.0 18 29.990 Right 3.1 19 30.620 Right 6.5 20 30.950 Right 5.8 21 30.970 Right 4.2 22 31.070 Right 4.3 23 31.080 Left 4.5 24 31.120 Left 4.4 25 31.130 Right 6.2 26 31.140 Right 4.3 27 31.150 Left 4.6 28 31.170 Left 6.7 29 31.980 Left 5.6 30 32.070 Right 3.5 31 32.200 Right 3.7 32 32.300 Left 5.4 33 32.320 Left 5.5 34 33.660 Left 4.2 35 34.000 Right 5.3 Ratlam district border-Alot (km 39.980 to km 52.870) 36 40.790 Right 3.5 37 42.760 Left 4.9 38 42.770 Right 6.6 39 43.750 Left 4.7 40 45.250 Left 7.8 41 46.990 Right 7.2 42 47.760 Left 4.1 43 47.860 Right 3.5 44 47.880 Right 3.3 45 48.780 Left 4.8

66

S. Proposed Side Offset from No. Chainage Centreline (km) (m) 46 49.060 Right 5.0 47 49.400 Left 3.9 48 51.230 Left 5.0 Alot - Jawra (km 52.870 to km 100.740) 49 52.700 Left 2.0 50 53.050 Right 2.2 51 53.520 Left 6.1 52 53.530 Right 6.3 53 53.540 Left 6.8 54 53.550 Right 4.6 55 53.600 Right 6.9 56 53.610 Right 6.5 57 53.680 Right 7.5 58 53.720 Right 7.0 59 57.550 Right 7.3 60 58.000 Right 6.0 61 58.000 Right 5.8 62 59.850 Left 7.3 63 59.900 Left 5.8 64 59.920 Left 6.8 65 60.060 Right 7.3 66 60.100 Left 5.8 67 60.100 Left 6.5 68 60.150 Right 6.5 69 60.150 Left 6.2 70 60.300 Right 4.5 71 60.300 Left 5.8 72 61.400 Left 6.2 73 61.500 Left 6.0 74 61.700 Left 7.4 75 62.550 Left 4.9 76 62.840 Right 6.7 77 62.860 Right 7.5 78 62.870 Right 6.8 79 62.900 Left 6.5 80 63.250 Right 5.6 81 63.300 Right 4.5 82 66.620 Right 8.0 83 67.000 Right 7.2 84 67.050 Right 6.0 85 67.150 Right 6.9 86 69.600 Right 4.6 87 70.350 Right 7.2 88 70.650 Right 5.5 89 70.950 Left 6.5 90 71.000 Right 5.0 91 71.560 Right 5.4 92 71.570 Right 4.0 93 71.580 Right 3.5 94 71.600 Right 2.5 95 71.770 Right 3.5 67

S. Proposed Side Offset from No. Chainage Centreline (km) (m) 96 71.780 Right 5.9 97 71.850 Right 6.0 98 72.150 Right 7.8 99 72.200 Right 6.0 100 72.750 Left 5.2 101 74.450 Left 7.0 102 74.700 Left 8.0 103 74.750 Left 6.0 104 74.800 Left 7.0 105 75.100 Left 6.8 106 75.150 Right 8.0 107 77.500 Right 5.0 108 80.800 Left 4.1 109 81.620 Left 8.0 110 81.640 Left 5.6 111 81.660 Left 4.6 112 82.300 Right 7.2 113 82.350 Right 5.1 114 83.300 Left 5.3 115 83.350 Right 3.2 116 90.850 Left 6.2 117 91.150 Right 5.4 118 91.400 Right 7.4 119 91.580 Left 5.7 120 91.600 Left 7.2 121 97.200 Right 5.7 122 99.850 Left 7.8 123 99.920 Left 5.8 124 99.920 Left 5.9 125 99.930 Left 7.1 126 99.940 Left 7.5 127 99.950 Right 6.8 128 99.950 Right 6.3 129 99.960 Right 6.2 130 99.970 Right 5.7 131 99.970 Right 5.8 Barod junction-Rajasthan Border (km 0.00 to km 8.0) 132 0.190 Left 7.1 133 0.270 Left 8.0 134 0.310 Left 7.5 135 0.530 Left 6.5 136 0.530 Left 8.0 137 1.030 Left 7.0 138 1.040 Right 7.7 139 3.160 Left 4.6 140 4.240 Right 5.8 141 5.300 Right 4.5 142 6.320 Right 5.8 143 7.500 Right 6.0 144 8.000 Right 4.6

68

Source: DPR and Strip Mapping Mitigation Measures 211. Requisite permission from forest department shall be obtained for cutting of roadside trees. 212. The project envisages plantation of approximately 1008 trees along both sides of road as per IRC SP: 2 1 specifications as par t o f p roviding the compensatory plantation on 1:7 basis. Besides, additional plantation shall be done on river banks near bridge sites to enhance the aesthetics and check s oil er osion. A ll t ree pl antations w ill be c arried out i n c lose consultation with forest department. 213. A range of 10-15 m centre-to-centre is recommended for spacing of trees (parallel to the road). Setback distance of trees in different situations shall be based on IRC: SP: 21 and IRC: 66. The distance between the kerb, if any, and t he near est e dge o f t ree t runk s hall be at l east 2 m. The plantation in median shall comprise shrubs whose height would normally not exceed 1-1.5 m and shall be as per IRC SP: 21. 214. For s afe t raffic oper ation, v ertical c learance be tween t he c rown o f the carriageway and l owest part of overhang of the tree available across the roadway shall conform to the standards laid down in IRC: SP: 21. The pit size, fencing, watering, and manuring requirements shall also conform to the above standard. Excess use of pesticides shall be restricted. Planting shall be such that it does not obstruct the visibility of traffic from any side and shall be pleasing in appearance. Operation Stage 215. Positive i mpacts on terrestrial ec ology ar e ex pected du ring t he pr oject operation due to the increase in vegetation and landscaping along the state highway. The Project will coordinate with t he local communities to maintain and enhance the trees planted along the state road. ”No adverse impact is ant icipated dur ing oper ation stage except accidental dam ages or absence of proper tree management“. 216. No direct impact is ant icipated dur ing oper ation stage except accidental damages or absence of proper tree management. Mitigation Measures 217. Arrangement shall be made to ensure survivability of the tree plantation. The S ocial For est D epartment or Divisional Forest O ffices s hall be consulted or involved in this programme. The tree survivability audit shall also be conducted at least once in a year to assess the effectiveness of the programme. 5.2.2. Aquatic Ecology Design and Construction Stage 218. Large scale/organised fishing was not observed in the rivers/water bodies of the project area. All water bodies are seasonal in nature 69

219. Improvement o f ex isting em bankments par ticularly a long t he w aterways will increase s ilt while a ccidental s pill o f materials, c hemicals, and fuels will deteriorate receiving water quality. Mitigation Measures 220. Siltation shall be avoided by measures suggested in Para 179. Operation Stage 221. No impact is envisaged during operation phase of the project and henc e no mitigation proposed. However, periodic surveillance shall be conducted to check erosion and siltation in major water bodies. 5.2.3. Fauna Design and Construction Stage 222. Movement of herbivores like Cattle, Goats, Cows, Bulls etc., have been observed in the project section. Mitigation measures 223. Disturbance to these animals will be avoided to the extent possible by restricting t he c onstruction t ime from 6 am – 6 pm . N o food and w aste littering will be ensured to disturb their natural habitat. 224. All precautions will be taken to minimise noise in these areas. Operation Stage 225. Movement of herbivores like Cattle, Goats, Cows, Bulls. Mitigation measures 226. Disturbance t o t hese animals will be a voided t o t he extent possible. N o food and waste littering will be ensured to disturb their natural habitat. 227. All precautions will be taken to minimise noise in these areas. 5.3. Management of Construction Debris/Waste 228. Quarry dust and unused iron bars or damaged support structures constitute significant wastes. Mitigation for solid waste from construction camp has been given in construction camp section. Mitigation measures 229. The ex isting bi tumen s urface c an be ut ilized f or pav ing of c rossroads, access roads, and paving works in construction sites and camps, temporary traffic diversions, haulage routes etc. 230. All excavated materials from r oadway, s houlders, verges, drains, cross drainage w ill be us ed for ba ckfilling e mbankments, filling pi ts, and landscaping. 231. Unusable debr is m aterial s hould be s uitably di sposed o ff at pr e- designated di sposal l ocations, with appr oval of the c oncerned authority. The bi tuminous wastes shall be d isposed i n s ecure l andfill s ites onl y in environmentally accepted manner. For removal of debris, wastes and its disposal MOSRTH guidelines should be followed.

70

232. Unusable and s urplus materials, as determined by the Project Engineer, will be removed and disposed off-site. 233. The l ocations o f dum ping s ites s hould be selected w ith f ollowing considerations. 234. Unproductive/wastelands shall be selected for dumping sites. 235. Away from residential areas and l ocated at least 1000 m downwind side of these locations, 236. Dumping sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc, and 237. Dumping sites hav e ad equate c apacity e qual t o t he a mount o f deb ris generated. 238. Public per ception and c onsent from the v illage P anchayats about t he location of debris disposal site has to be obtained before finalizing the location. 239. Form works will be re-used to the extent possible, more than 20 times as dictated by good practice. All stripped formworks will be examined for any damage and rectified in the workshop for re-use. Rectification includes plugging holes, and straightening bent steel props. 5.4. Socio-Economic Impact 240. Assessment of project impact on socio-economic conditions point to the conclusions that positive benefits are many fold compared to its adverse impact. 5.4.1. Positive Impacts 241. Road-side ec onomic ac tivities w ill increase due t o i ncreased nu mber of vehicle us ing t he r oad. E conomic ac tivities s upporting transport l ike gasoline stations, aut omotive r epair shops, lodging, and r estaurants are expected to increase. Increase agro-industrial activities are also expected to take advantage of improved access to urban centres where there are higher demands and better prices for agricultural products. Other generic benefits of such projects are (i) Reduction in travel time (ii) better mode and f requency of transport ( iii) access t o q uality heath care f acilities, educational and other infrastructural facilities (iv) enhanc ed tourism activities i n t he area and s tate which i n m any t erms will boos t the l ocal economy (v) bet ter investment c limate for industries creating more employment opportunities to local people. 5.4.2. Anticipated Negative Impacts 242. Minor losses like problems in accessibility and community linkage, health and s afety dur ing and a fter construction, an d t emporary c hange i n demographic configuration are mitigable with minor to negligible residual impacts. 5.4.2.1 Impacts due to Construction Camp and Immigration of Workers 243. Poor siting and improper management of construction camp may lead to several adverse impacts on en vironment viz. (i) loss of vegetation due to use of wood as fuel source for cooking (ii) deterioration in nearby surface water bodi es’ q uality ( iii) c ompaction and c ontamination o f s oil due t o 71

uncontrolled di sposal of s olid waste ( iv) Poor s anitation m ay r esult t o transmission of communicable diseases among the workers and the host communities. This i nclude t he pos sible s pread o f s exually t ransmitted disease, diseases from improper handling and supply of foodstuffs, poor water supply, insect-borne diseases, and alcoholic and drug. Mitigation measures 244. Construction camp shall be sited at such locations so as to utilise the existing infrastructure. No productive land should be utilised for construction c amp. A ll s ites m ust be gr aded, di tched and r endered free from depressions to avoid water stagnation and necessary provisions for adequate drainage must be made. Accommodation and ancillary facilities including recreational facility for workers shall be erected and maintained to standards and scales approved by the resident eng ineer. All c amps should m aintain minimum di stance o f 500 m f rom habitation and w ater bodies. 245. All construction camps shall be provided with sanitary latrines and urinals with provision of septic tanks attached with soak pits. Storm water drains shall be provided for the flow of used water outside the camp. Drains and ditches s hall be t reated w ith bl eaching pow der on a r egular bas is. Garbage bins m ust be pr ovided i n t he c amp and r egularly em ptied and disposed off in a hygienic manner. The possibility of using LPG cylinders as fuel source for cooking to avoid any tree cutting should be explored. 246. At every workplace, the Contactor will ensure, in collaboration with local health aut horities t hat a r eadily available first-aid uni t i ncluding an adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and appliances shall be provided. Workplaces r emote and far aw ay f rom r egular hos pitals shall have indoor health units with one bed for every 250 workers. 247. The Contractor will ensure the good health and hygiene of all workers to prevent sickness and epidemics. These include the HIV/AIDS prevention program to reduce the risk and transfer of HIV virus between and among the workers and community, promote early diagnosis and as sist affected individuals. A ctivities u nder t he p rogram i nclude m onthly i nformation, education, and c onsultation c ommunication c ampaigns t o w orkers, drivers, delivery crew, and communities on the risk, dangers, and impacts of STD and HIV/AIDS. 248. The C ontractor w ill ens ure t hat s ufficient s upply of s uitable and hygienically prepared food at reasonable price is available to the workers. 249. The Contractor will provide adequate and safe water supply for the use of the workers. 250. The Contractor will ensure that all precautions to protect the workers from insect and pest to r educe t he risk t o heal th. This i ncludes t he us e of insecticides which should comply with local regulations. 251. No alcoholic liquor or prohibited drugs will be imported to, sell, give, and barter to the workers of host community. 252. Migrant workers may be the potential carriers of various diseases. Local community may get exposed to the diseases carried by migrant workers.

72

Regular health check-up and immunization camps shall also be organized for the workers and nearby population. 5.4.2.2 Safety of Construction Workers and Accident Risk to Local Community Design and Construction Stage 253. The following s afety as pects v iz. ( i) s afety o f construction w orkers, (ii) safety of road users including pedestrians and cyclists (iii) safety to cattle; (iv) safety of local community (iv) unsafe/ hazardous traffic conditions due to c onstruction v ehicle movement need to be c onsidered dur ing de sign and construction stage and (v) conduct of safety audit. Mitigation measures 254. During the construction phase, contractors shall be required to adopt and maintain safe working practices. Internationally accepted and widely used safety procedures should be followed during (i) road works (ii) handling of large construction equipment and machineries, (iii) handling of chemicals and haz ardous m aterials and i nflammable s ubstances (iii) w elding ( iv) electrical works etc. A set of mitigation measures for construction workers have been provided in EMP matrix table. 255. Contractor s hall arrange all PPEs f or workers, first-aid and f ire f ighting equipments at c onstruction s ites. A n em ergency pl an s hall be pr epared duly approved by engineer in charge to respond to any instance of safety hazard. The contractor will be required to appoint an Accident Prevention Officer (APO) who will conduct regular safety inspections at construction sites. The APO will have the authority to issue instructions and take protective measures to prevent accidents. 256. The pa rtial c ontrol on access for the p roject road s hall be ac hieved through measures like service road with physical separation for local traffic, i ntersections, a cceleration/deceleration l anes, v ehicular and pedestrian underpasses, median openings with shelter lane. 257. Grade s eparated i ntersections/junctions s hall be pr ovided at al l m ajor intersections in consistent to IRC: 92 258. Pedestrian/cyclist and c attle passageways s hall be pr ovided near identified l ocations. These facilities s hall be pl anned i n ac cordance with the relevant provisions contained i n IRC-11, IRC-17 and IRC-103. T he crossing facilities c an be des igned ei ther i n c onjunction w ith g rade intersections or through underpasses. 259. To av oid di sruption o f the ex isting t raffic due to c onstruction a ctivities, comprehensive t raffic m anagement pl an s hall be dr awn up by t he concessionaire. Traffic in construction zones shall be managed as per the provisions of IRC SP 55. 260. After construction is completed in a particular zone, it shall be opened f or normal oper ation. A ll di versions/access r oads should be c losed bef ore start of normal operation. 261. Use of r etro-reflectorized t raffic s igns, and c antilever/gantry t ypes overhead signs, thermoplastic road marking paints, delineators, traffic cones, e mpty bi tumen drums, ba rricades, and flagmen w ill be us ed t o 73

ensure traffic management and safety. Conduct of regular safety audit on safety m easures adopt ed dur ing c onstruction. T he audi t w ill c over manpower and t heir safety, machinery, temporary works, equipment and vehicles, m aterials s torage a nd handl ing, c onstruction pr ocedures, environment, site safety guidelines, and miscellaneous services. Operation phase 262. Important issues related w ith s afety dur ing operational phas e ar e monitoring of emergencies and establishing procedures to carry out rescues during sudden disasters s uch a s floods, fires e specially near habited areas. Mitigation Measures 263. It is proposed to explore the feasibility of providing the following facilities: . Highway pat rol uni t(s) for r ound t he c lock pa trolling t o provide assistance t o the users in case of any need, monitor the t ravel conditions to provide information to the control section and to undertake i mmediate m easures for managing t he t raffic flow i n case of any incident. . Phone boot hs for ac cidental r eporting and a mbulance s ervices with minimum response time for rescue of any accident victims. . Tow-away facility for the break down vehicles. 264. MPRDC may also explore the possibility of coordination with operating agency of intersecting National Highways to have common facilities and share the costs as appropriate. 5.4.3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic Construction Phase 265. Disruption o f ac cess to i nfrastructure o r s ocial r esource due t o construction activity will cause nuisance and to a certain extent additional cost to t he public i n t erms o f l onger travel per iod due t o di version or heavier traffic. It will also pose risk of accident to motorist at night if these blockages and disruption are not clearly demarcated. Mitigation Measures 266. The contractor will submit a Traffic Plan to the Project Engineer at least two w eeks before the c onstruction s tarts that w ill r esult t o obs truction. The pl an w ill include a drawing o f t emporary diversions and det ails o f arrangement. It will al so i nclude pl an f or t ransportation of r aw m aterials like quarry, sand etc. A section of the Traffic Plan will be a Control Plan that details how the safety of the pedestrians and workers and delineation of t he r oadway at ni ght. T his pl an w ill r ecommend f or appr oval of s afe and convenient temporary diversion of traffic during construction, design of barricades, delineators, signs, markings, lights, and flagmen, among others. 267. Paved shoulder will be provided on one side of the existing road by the contractor with the following minimum requirements: • At least one 3.5 m lane to remain to traffic at all times

74

• The s urface us ed by t he t hrough traffic w ill be firm bi tuminous compacted surface free of defect • The m aximum c ontinuous l ength ov er w hich c onstruction under traffic may take place is limited to 750 meters. • Construction ac tivity will be r estricted t o onl y one s ide o f t he existing road. 268. On stretches where it is not possible to pass the traffic on t he part width of existing carriageway, temporary paved diversions will be constructed. These pav ed di versions w ill comply with s tandards on junctions and temporary cross drainage. 269. Transportation of quarry material to the construction sites through heavy vehicles s hall be done t hrough ex isting major r oads to t he ex tent possible. This will restrict wear and tear to the village/minor roads. Small vehicles/un-motorised v ehicle c an al so be us ed for i ts further transportation to the construction sites from temporary storage areas. 5.4.4. Transportation and Storage of Materials 270. The c onstruction m aterial pr imarily will c onsist o ff a ggregate, s and, cement, bi tumen, l ubricating oi l and fuel for v ehicle and c onstruction equipments. These will be stored temporarily at construction camps. Oils, fuels and c hemicals w ill be s tored on concreted pl atform w ith s pill collection p its w hile c ement w ill be s tored under c over. A ll t hese temporary s torage ar eas will be located at least 150 m aw ay from the habitat areas. T he l ikely i mpacts due t o t ransportation and s torage including fugitive emission hav e al ready been covered under di fferent section above. 5.4.4.1 Impact on Land and Private Properties 271. The assessment made by t he resettlement expert shall be r eferred for exact loss of private properties and measures to compensate such losses. Environmental screening of resettlement sites, if required for the project, shall be carried out. Besides monetary compensation for any loss of private trees, compensatory afforestation and extensive plantation has been incorporated in the EMP to have long-term environmental benefits. 272. Income restoration measures/livelihood options for vulnerable group/resource poor sections and ot her affected pe rsons as recommended by social de velopment/resettlement expert shall be implemented. 5.4.4.2 Impact on Common Property Resources 273. There ar e v arious t ypes o f c ommunity s tructures/ facilities/utilities a long the pr oposed al ignment. Geometric adj ustments hav e been made t o minimize the loss to any such facilities. Any such structures even falling within ROW but out of required formation width shall be s aved. Alternate access has to be p rovided to these structures during construction stage. No community s tructures ar e l ikely t o be di smantled/relocated. The impact on other community properties has been provided at Table 5.2. 75

Table 5.3 : Common Property Resources Along the Alignment Offset from edge of S. No. Chainage, Km. Type of Properties Side road (m) Agar - Barod - Rajasthan border 1 0.15 Temple Left 14 2 6.75 Temple Left 32 3 9.30 Bus Shelter Right 24 4 15.40 Bus Shelter Left 12 5 17.30 Temple Left 7 6 17.40 Bus Shelter Left 6 7 24.20 Bus Shelter Right 7 8 24.70 Petrol Pump Left 13 9 27.75 Temple Right 38 10 28.20 Temple Left 15 11 28.30 School Right 41 12 29.05 Temple Left 20 13 30.10 Bus Shelter Right 12 Barod to Alot 14 4.48 Temple Right 14 15 5.43 Temple Right 14 16 9.03 Temple Left 36 17 12.33 Temple Right 47 18 13.00 Bus shelter Left 5 19 10.80 Temple Left 16 20 5.75 Bus shelter Right 9 Alot to Jawra 21 47.90 Dargah Left 5 22 47.70 Park Left 3 23 47.30 School Left 4 24 45.72 Bus Shelter Left 5 25 45.55 Temple Left 8 26 45.50 Temple Left 4 27 45.35 ATM Left 9 28 40.70 Bus Shelter Right 10 29 39.00 Bus Shelter Left 11 30 37.10 Temple Left 9 31 36.80 Bus Shelter Right 13 32 31.20 Temple Right 7 33 30.40 Petrol Pump Right 10 34 29.80 Petrol Pump Right 13 35 29.50 Petrol Pump Left 10 36 26.60 Temple Left 6 37 24.10 Bus Shelter Left 6 38 22.20 Temple Wall Left 15

76

Offset from edge of S. No. Chainage, Km. Type of Properties Side road (m) 39 22.00 Bus Shelter Left 13 40 19.70 Temple Left 10 41 19.20 Temple Left 11 42 17.10 Temple Left 3 43 16.95 Temple Left 11 44 16.20 Bus Shelter Left 11 45 14.95 Petrol Pump Right 10 46 14.80 Mosque Right 8 47 11.10 Temple Right 8 48 10.50 Temple Left 11 49 10.40 Bus Shelter Left 10 50 10.20 Temple Left 10 51 8.50 Bus Shelter Left 8 52 7.80 Bus Shelter Left 12 53 6.90 Bus Shelter Left 9 54 5.80 Bus Shelter Right 7 55 5.20 Bus Shelter Right 5 56 4.30 Bus Shelter Left 6 57 1.80 Bus Shelter Left 5 58 0.80 Mosque Left 9 Source: DPR 5.5. Cumulative and Induced Impact 274. Cumulative I mpact: T he ar ea al ong t he present r oad s ection S H-41 i s developing. The road already exists and proposed project will facilitate the pac e o f dev elopment. S ome o f t he c umulative impacts w ill be deterioration i n t he ai r and noi se q uality es pecially at t he c ongested locations like Ringnod, Taanda, Bagh on SH-35 and Gopalpur, Jeerabad and Amjhera due t o increased traffic. The ancillary development activity due t o t he i mproved r oad c onditions w ill f urther put pr essure o n agricultural lands and vegetated areas such as Kanjrota, Bheelkhedi, Ambasoti, Lunhera, Borjeeri, Dedli. However, these activities will be slow and impacts are expected to be minimal. 275. The project is expected to improve long time water flooding, soil erosion conditions es pecially ne ar S hipra, K alisindh and K anchal R ivers and a t other drains due to additional culverts and over-toppings. The higher amount of compensatory afforestation (1:7) will increase the aesthetics along the ROW and help in countering the polluting the air. The improved accessibility will a lso r esult in increased i ndustrial and c ommercial developments es pecially near A gar, P iplon, B arod, R amkhedi, Islamnagar, Jawra etc. The net impacts are expected to be more positive. 276. Induced Impact - The induced impact from the project will be m ainly due to the r elated developmental ac tivities and i mproved i nfrastructural development l ike bui lding c onstruction and commercial establishment. 77

This i s l ikely t o r esult i n net pos itive i mpact due t o ov erall s ocial development

78

6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 6.1. Consultation Method and Information Disclosed 277. Consultations w ere hel d dur ing di fferent s tages o f t he preparation o f IEE. To address the key environmental issues, consultations at various levels with local people and government departments were conducted to arrive at s ocially and t echnically ac cepted s olutions. A comprehensive consultation with all stakeholders was conducted at the project section. 278. Stakeholder’s consultations were held with the intent to understand their concerns, apprehensions, overall opinion and s olicit recommendations to improve project design. Informal meetings, interviews were organized covering t he ent ire pr oject s tretch. The i nformal c onsultation generally started w ith ex plaining t he s ub pr ojects, followed by an e xplanation t o potential impacts. Participant’s views were gathered with regard to loss of agricultural l and, effect on air and noise quality of the area due to traffic, water availability, accident and risk. 279. The di scussions w ere d esigned t o receive m aximum i nputs from t he participants regarding their ac ceptability and env ironmental c oncerns arising out o f t he s ub-project. They w ere g iven t he br ief out line o f t he project to which their opinion was sought. Suggestions were also sought for mitigating any potential adverse impact. 6.2. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements 280. In India, public consultation is mandatory in case of Category A and B 1 category projects6 in select conditions. Being category B project as per ADB SPS 2 009, consultation was carried out dur ing the ear ly stage of IEE report preparation. The requirement of public consultation during the implementation of the project has been proposed as part of the mitigation plan. 281. Public c onsultation w as under taken c onsistent w ith t he A DB requirements. All the five principles of information dissemination, information solicitation, integration, co-ordination and engagement i nto dialogue were incorporated in the consultation process. A framework of different environmental impacts likely from the project was strengthened and modified based on opinions of all those consulted, especially in the micro l evel b y s etting up dialogues with t he v illage peopl e f rom whom information on site facts and prevailing conditions were collected.

6 As per schedule I of EIA notification number S.O. 1533, dated 14th September 2006. This notification also defines when a public consultation is mandatory. 79

6.2.1. Consultation with Executing Agency 282. Officials of executing agency provided technical information’s about the project. All issues related to effective implementation of EMP, grievance redress m echanism, various c learances/consent and pe rmission required pr ior t o and dur ing implementation were discussed. Mr. Vivek Agarwal and Mr. P.K. Chaturvedi, Managing Director and Deputy General M anager o f M adhya P radesh R oad D evelopment C orporation (MPRDC), expressed their organization’s committment to implement the project i n env ironmentally s ustainable way and as per the applicable laws/regulations/guidelines and safeguard requirements of ADB and the country. They also shared about lessons learnt from ongoing project. 6.2.2. Consultation with other Government Departments 283. All r elevant g overnment depar tments/agencies i ncluding forest and wildlife, fisheries, pollution control board, water resources, and DRDA were c onsulted f or c ollection of av ailable i nformation t heir v iews/ comments and suggestions about the project. 284. The list of government officials contacted, along with purpose/objective has been summarised in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1 : Summary of Consultation held with various Government Departments S. Name of Official Department Issue discussed No. Consulted PCCF (Working Plan), Status of forest in state, Impacts on 1. Mr. Dubey Forest D epartment, forest, mitigation options, Satpura Bhavan, Bhopal Environmental friendly forest activities Sr. Scientist, Environmental Issues in the state, legal Madhya P radesh framework of MoE F and r evised E IA 2. Dr. Rita Kauri Pollution Control Board notification 2006, a pplicable p ermits & Paryavaran B havan, clearances, Impacts of proposed project Bhopal on environment, Scientist, Environmental Issues in the state, legal Madhya P radesh framework of MoE F and r evised E IA 3. Dr. Abhay Saxena Pollution Control Board notification 2006, a pplicable p ermits & Paryavaran B havan, clearances, Impacts of proposed project Bhopal on environment, Environmental qua lity i n the state and Superintending Engineer major urban centres. Capacity of Mr. Rajesh Madhya P radesh pollution control board in environmental 4. Srivastava Pollution Control Board management and m onitoring Paryavaran B havan, requirements of S PCB in t he pr oposed Bhopal project. Dy. Conservator of Status of forest in state, Impacts on 5. Mr. S. P. Sharma Forest, F orest forest, mitigation options, Department, Bhopal Environmental friendly forest activities Conditions of r oad net work i n s tate, scope of road improvement, Managing Director, 6. Mr. Vivek Aggarwal environmental issues r elated with r oad MPRDC, Bhopal improvement, capacity enhancement of MPRDC, future plans

80

S. Name of Official Department Issue discussed No. Consulted Conditions of r oad net work i n s tate, DGM (Enviornment), scope of road improvement, 7. Mr. Alok Chaturvedi MPRDC, Bhopal environmental i ssues related with r oad improvement Conditions of r oad net work i n s tate, scope of road improvement, Mr. Piyush K. environmental issues r elated with r oad 8 DGM, MPRDC, Bhopal Chaturvedi improvement, i mplementation s chedule of various activities, organizational setting of MPRDC, Chandan Kumar, Status of forests along the project road, Girija Shankar Forest Guards, Range presence of f lora and f auna s pecies i n 9. Pandey, Munni Lal, officers, l ocal c ommunity the f orests, forest boun daries and r oad Pratap Chaubey – leaders encroachments community leaders

6.2.3. Consultation with NGOs 285. All t he N GOs welcome t he pr oject. T hey ex press c oncern ov er afforestation programme. NGOs also demand to pay attention for survival rate o f the t rees. A wareness c amp am ong t he peopl e r egarding r oad safety is also suggested. The outcome of consultation with NGOs is summarised below in Table 6.2.

Table 6.2 : Summary of Consultation with NGOs Name of NGOs Contact Remarks Person BYPASS - Bhopal Y uwa Mr. Akhilesh • Welcomed the project Paryavaran Shikshan Singh Yadav • Raised concerns about the impact on and Samajik Sansthan reserve forests through the project stretch Chunabhatti, • Expressed his concern about use of fodder Bhopal,M.P.-16 from t he f orest bei ng us ed during construction phase • Suggested m inimal t ree c utting an d proportional afforestation Ecosake Society for Mr. Kinshuk • Welcomed the project Environment Tiwary • Expressed hi s d esire that a dequate Conservation and Social compensation should b e provided, as per Awareness the l atest R &R policy, to t he pe ople Bhopal-16 affected from this project • Desired m inimal i mpacts on f orest and other m ineral resources in the region f rom the project • Desired i nvolvement of Loc al s killed a nd unskilled labour dur ing c onstruction activities Green Hurt Nature Club Jai Sharma • Welcomed the project M.P. Nagar, Bhopal-11 • Emphasized the need of plantation of local tree species for the roadside plantations. • Raised his c oncerns on t he l and filing/borrow ac tivity s uggested abo ut 81

Name of NGOs Contact Remarks Person prevention of top soil • Desired the need of awareness/ training program for t he c ontractors and l abourers to educate them for environmental issues. Forum for Environmental Dr. R. Mathur • Welcomed the project Protection • Expressed h is c oncern r egarding water Gwalior - 474011 logging problem during construction phase at many places. • Raised h is c oncerns a bout h ealth and safety s chemes t o be pr ovided t o construction labours es pecially d uring monsoon period. • Emphasized on the need of identification of sites f or d isposal of c onstruction d ebris before the start of civil works. • Wanted ba nning of o ld vehicles on t hese roads b y G overnment t o r educe t he pollution. Energy Environment and Ajit Kumar • Welcomed the project Development Group Saxena • Raised h is c oncerns a bout t he pr oblem of R-12, II Floor electricity and its r ole i n num ber of Above Central Color Lab accidents that occurred on this road due to Bhopal - 462003 it. • Enquired a bout t he compensation to be provided to the displaced/affected people. Centre for Envirocare Mahendra • Welcomed the project and Energy Technology Kumar Shukla • Expressed h is c oncerns about t he c utting E-7/466 Arera Colony of trees and stressed the need for their Bhopal - 462016 rehabilitation and afforestation. Madhya Pradesh • Suggested the need of increasing the awareness am ong c ontractors, l abourers and villagers. 6.3. Beneficiaries’ Comments 286. The p roject has i mmense ac ceptability am ong the l ocal peopl e. They perceived that in addition to providing all weather connectivity, the sub- project road will bring positive socio-economic changes in the area. Local peopl e m ainly di scussed on i ssues related t o rehabilitation and resettlement and proper vigilance of construction work. They suggested minimising ac quisition of a gricultural l and as m uch as pos sible s ince livelihood of the people is principally dependent on agriculture. 287. Other common demands included issues related with increase in traffic due to improved road conditions. The list of participants, their views, and outcome of the consultations have been summarised in Table 6.3.

82

Table 6.3 : Consultation with local community S.No. Village Name of Particpiant Issues and Outcomes 1. Islamna Fakhruddin (resident) . Welcomed the project gar Hakimuddin . Complained about bad r oad c ondition w hich (plumber) plays havoc during monsoon. Zakir Hussain . Expressed t heir concern on t he safety aspect i n (resident) the post-project scenario. Shaukat (vendor) . Complained about drainage situation due to Mohd. Rafi which water logging takes place. (shopkeeper) . Complained about the problem associated with a Aziz Bhai electric pole on the project section. (shopkeeper) . Complained about t he s ewer pr oblem o f t he Taj Mohammad (auto area. rickshaw driver) . Due t o people living adj acent t o t he road hence Sabir Patel (resident) cautioned that problem related to air pollution will be acute during construction phase of the project. . Informed about the problem of traffic congestion on this stretch due to unavailability of space. 2. Alot . Welcomed the project . Emphasized t he need o f pl antation o f l ocal t ree species for the roadside plantations. . Complained about t he r oad c onditions and informed about the accidents on the road. . Enquired about the land acquisitions and compensations by the Government. . Enquired about the compensation if any agricultural land is affected. . Agreed to pr ovide bo rrow ear th m aterial i f suitable paid.

83

Plate 1: Discussion with local people at Islamnagar describing the present condition

84

7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDDRESS MECHANISM 7.1. Environmental Management Plan 1. The E nvironmental M anagement P lan ( EMP) i s pr epared t o facilitate effective i mplementation o f r ecommended mitigations measures w ith defined r oles and r esponsibility, r egulatory c ompliance r equirements, stages o f i mplementation w ith l ocation, t ime f rame and c osts. The mitigation measures are proposed to eliminate or minimise the identified impact associated with design, construction and oper ation stages of t he project, to acceptable level by adopting the most feasible options. 2. The EMP consists of action plans for (i) implementation of recommended mitigation measures, (ii) environment quality monitoring during construction and operation stage to assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures pr oposed, an d ( iii) i nstitutional c apacity bui lding and t raining. The EMP is detailed at Appendix 7.1.

7.1.1. Social D evelopment and I ndigenous P eople D evelopment P rogram (IPDP): 3. A s eparate S ocial I mpact A ssessment s tudy i s under taken and s ocial development programme is addressed as per this study. The involuntary resettlement issue is also addressed under separate study. However, the correlated i ssues l ike safety o f habi tats and w orkers, pr otection of common phy sical c ultural r esources, s afe pa ssage o f habi tats ar e addressed under environmental assessment and mitigation plan. 4. Since there is no indigenous population likely to be affected in the project area, IPDP i s no t env isaged. This has t o be c onfirmed bas ed on t he social assessment.

7.1.2. Emergency Response Plan 5. Assessment of nature, type and extent o f project activities establishes that accidents on paved roads and c onsequent spillage can be t he more frequent em ergency. O ther s ituation i ncludes r oad ov ertopping due t o heavy f lood. I t i s s uggested to dev elop a c ommunication and r esponse system t o minimize t he response time. The project authorities shall be prepared to counteract against such emergency either by developing in- house capabilities or by associating with any competent agency. 7.2. Environmental Monitoring Program (EMoP) 6. The env ironmental m onitoring p rogramme i s pr epared w ith the aim t o monitor the env ironmental per formance o f env ironmental m anagement plan. The EMOP is planned with the focus on following objectives: • To the assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed • To as sess t he c hange in env ironmental quality dur ing c onstruction and operation stage with respect to before the project scenario. • To assess compliance to regulatory requirements 85

• To monitor the status of c orrective ac tion taken in c ase o f deviation from the planned measures or regulatory requirements. This will be used as performance indicators for the project. A monitoring plan defining the parameters to be monitored, with sampling locations, frequency o f measurements, c ost and responsibility f or v arious component of env ironment i s prepared for al l s tages o f pr oject and provided as Appendix 7.2.

7.2.1. Monitoring schedule and performance indicator 7. The monitoring schedule has been developed based on the possible occurrence of adverse impacts and required mitigation actions. However, this schedule is subject to change depending on the analysis results obtained. The performance indicators and protocol for changing the monitoring schedule is given below. 7.2.1.1.1 Tree Plantation 8. The 75% s urvival r ate o f re-plantation s hall be m onitored on t he first year of t he ope ration p hase. I f the s urvival r ate i s f ound bel ow 75%, necessary m easures w ill be t aken t o i ncrease the survival r ate and monitoring shall be again taken up on the third year of operation. This cycle should continue until the 75% survival rate is achieved. 7.2.1.1.2 Soil Erosion and Drainage Congestion 9. No s ignificant s oil er osion pr oblem i s ant icipated due t o t he p roject either in the construction phase or in the operation phase. However, in the c onstruction phas e, s ome l ocalised s oil er osion m ay be not iced owing t o c onstruction ac tivities. H owever, i f soil er osion i s not iced during construction and operation phase, the corrective action shall be initiated and frequency of check be increased to assess the tendency of occurrence. 10. The cross dr ainage structure shall be free from s iltation. V isual c heck shall be m ade periodically to identify any drainage congestion or water logging along the road. Appropriate corrective action shall be taken to clear the congestion and prevent reoccurrence. 7.2.1.1.3 Air and Noise Quality 11. Due t o t he variability of t he c onstruction activities, nam ely c hanges i n batch composition, type of construction activity and other anthropogenic influences, the ambient air quality of the project area may change. If the air quality with respect to any parameter exceeds by more than 25% of its last monitored value, the monitoring frequency shall be doubled and cause of the increase investigated. If the construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted. 12. Similarly, due to the variability in traffic movement, namely changes in traffic volume, traffic compositions and ot her anthropogenic influences, the noi se q uality i n t he pr oject ar ea i s l ikely t o c hange. I f t he noi se quality ex ceeds by 20 % o f the appl icable am bient noi se quality standard or 10% of i ts last m onitored value, t he m onitoring frequency

86

shall be increased and the cause of the increase investigated. If the construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted. 7.2.1.1.4 Water Quality 13. No significant change in water q uality is per ceived due t o t he pr oject in the operation phase. However, in the construction phase, the monitored values f or pH , B OD, C OD, TDS, D O and O il & G rease might change owing to construction activities. Hence, it is suggested that if the monitored v alue f or any w ater quality par ameter ex ceeds by m ore than 20% o f i ts l ast m onitored s tatus t he monitoring frequency s hall be increased.

7.2.2. Authorities and their Responsibilities for Implementation of EMoP 14. The most essential component of the Environment Monitoring Plan is the execution of the Plan in accordance with the monitoring schedule provided therein. The field officer concerned at PIU will be responsible for timely monitoring of various parameters and compliance with the mitigative m easure pr oposed. H e c an ex ecute t his t ask through supervision c onsultant. A r esultant dat abase i s pr oposed t o b e maintained. A Management Information System (MIS) is also put in place for effective flow of information between various levels and functions within the MPRDC. 15. The monitoring reports shall be sent to Sr. Manager (Environment & Social) at head office with copy to Divisional Officer. 7.3. Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement 16. M. P. State Road Development Corporation (MPRDC) is responsible for the dev elopment o f s tate r oads. M PRDC has s et up di visional of fices which act as Project Implementation Unit (PIU). Each PIU is headed by Divisional officer who is supported various engineers (field officers). These field officers also have the responsibility to comply with various regulatory per mitting a nd c ompliance m onitoring r equirement. A S r Manager ( Environment & S ocial) is p osted at H ead Q uarter w ho i s responsible for overall environment and social management of sub projects. He reports to Dy General Manager who is responsible for the implementation of M PSRP_II and c o-ordinate w ith ADB t o m onitor a ll env ironmental requirements of this subproject. 17. For s ubproject pl anning and i mplementation, P roject I mplementation Unit/s (PIUs) are established. This is headed by Divisional Officer and supported by Fi eld o fficers. It i s pr oposed t o d esignate one o f t he field officers w ith addi tional r esponsibility of env ironment and s ocial management. This officer shall be given adequate training for effective environmental m anagement and m onitoring. The designated field officer will be r esponsible f or i mplementation and monitoring o f E MP. Fi eld Officer will monitor the compliance directly or with the help of supervision consultant. SQC will also supervise the contractor for complying the EMP requirements, monitoring requirements and obtaining the required permits. Divisional officer will be overall responsible for ensuring effective implementation of EMP at PIU level who will ensure it through field officer 87

and S QC. Fi eld o fficer w ill be f ully r esponsible f or oper ation s tage monitoring. 18. The EMP will be i ncluded in the construction contract and t he contractor will be r esponsible f or i ts i mplementation. M PSRDC will m onitor t he implementation of these m itigation measures by t he contractors t hrough Sr M anager E nvironment, Fi eld O fficers at P IU and S QC. T he f ield officers at P IU l evel w ill be r esponsible for compliance m onitoring an d periodic reporting to divisional officer and Sr. Manager Environment at Head office. 19. The roles and duties of various agencies responsible for monitoring have been out lined i n Table 7. 1. The f low di agram d epicting the i nstitutional arrangement for i mplementation E MP and E MoP has been g iven as Figure 7.1. Table 7.1 : Roles and Duties of Implementing Agency/Organisations HQ MPRDC Contractor PIU Supervision Consultant • Obtain s tatutory • Obtain per mits as • Joint verification to • Assist and ad vise t he clearances r equired required during be c arried o ut by PIU in matters relating during pre-construction construction stage HQ, P IU, S C to en vironment and stage Contractor Env. social matters. • Joint V erification Manager. • overall project Exercise i ncluding, • Compliance r eporting coordination a nd PMU C MU, SC f or • Overall Supervision to EMP and clearance management t hrough review of EMP of i mplementation of conditions PIU supported by SC EMP • Interaction with S r • Provide c orrective • Interaction a nd Manager ( Env. & • Environmental action i f any de viation Reporting to ADB. Social) , PIU and SC monitoring t hrough to EMP is identified Submission of approved laboratory progress r eports to • Contractor’s E nv. or through SC • Part of Joint ADB a tleast onc e i n a Officer will be primarily Verification E xercise • Verification of year. responsible f or to be c arried out by implementation EMP consent t aken b y HQ, P IU a nd • Effective contractor for Contractor f or r eview • implementation of Filling of R eporting opening of bor row of E MP f or EMP and Monitoring of Format and submitting areas, and setting up modification in EMP to SC labour c amps. enhancement Ensuring r estoration • Compilation of data • Monitoring t hrough measures (if required) as per initial relating t o approved agency. agreement w ith l and • Ensure that the implementation of • Preparation of v arious owner contractor def ine t he EMP. plans f or ef fective cost of env ironmental • Keeping records of • Advising and implementation of measures l ike bor row all consents obtained suggesting corrective EMP as detailed out in area r ehabilitation et c by contractor. measures to adhere to EMP and s ubmitting it which are s hown as time schedule for for approval to SC • Compilation of dat a part of c onstruction implementation of relating to cost under E MP • EMP. Identification of s ites implementation of matrix ( Appendix 7. 1) for l abour c amps, hot before t he s tart of • EMP. Carry o ut mix pl ant, batch m ix construction. T his • verification/supervision plant, debris disposal Filling of Summary amount s hall be exercises f or etc Sheets and reporting released aga inst implementation of to HQ. completion of EMP w ith respect t o • Approval of pl ans respective E MP modification (if prepared b y measures.

88

required) for contractor • Supervise enhancement implementation of • Addressing measures. EMP/EMoP by grievances of l ocal contractor community and information • Develop good dissemination practices construction through guidelines t o as sist NGOs/CBOs. contractor i n implementation of EMP • Conduct Consultations programs w ith t he stakeholders on regular bas is t o g et first hand information on t he inconvenience caused to contractor’s activities su ch a s noise, debris di sposal etc. • Ensure s ubmission of compliance r eport t o EMP/EMoP on ce in six month to PIU

89

HQ MPRDC Asian DY General Manager Developmen (MPSRSP II) t Bank

Social and Env. Group (Proposed) Sr. Manager (Env and Social) Supported by Manager Env. and Social (proposed)

PIU Supervision Consultant Contractor Divisional Officer supported by field Officers

Field Officer – (Proposed to be designated with additional responsibility of Env. And Social)

Need Based Support from Approved Monitoring Agency and Independent Subject Experts and Institutions

Figure 7.1 : Proposed Structure for EMP/EMOP Implementation

90

7.3.2. Institutional / Capacity Building 20. Capacity B uilding: As per t he ex isting s tructure, one o fficer a t S r. Manager Level is responsible for Environmental and social aspect at MPRDC. Considering t he i ncreasing magnitude of ac tivities, i t i s proposed that another manager level officer be appointed to support Sr. manager’s ac tivities. T he g roup s hall be nam ed as E nvironmental and Social G roup. To f acilitate and streamline this group’s a ctivities it is proposed to develop the Environmental and social impact guidelines. This will standardise the impact assessment, regulatory compliance and environmental quality monitoring mechanism. 21. Training and Awareness: To enh ance t he capacity of o fficials for effective implementation of proposed mitigation measures and monitoring the resultant effects, as well as create awareness amongst workers and public, the training and awareness programme is planned and is given as Table 7.2. The institutions/agencies like regional office of MoEF, SPCB/CPCB, and I ndian I nstitute o f Technologies c an be c onsulted for such trainings. Independent subject’s experts/consultants (e.g., fo r the environmental awareness program, impact assessment specialist will be the resource person) can also be the resource persons to i mpart trainings. These experts / agencies shall be appointed based on specific need for the training. Table 7.2 Combined Training Budget for MPSRSP II Combined Training Budget for MPSRP II

S. Target Subject(s) Method Time Basis for Costs Estimation No. group Frame and Estimated Training Training Delivery Cost Material Preparation 1 All staffs of Environmental Lectures Before @ Rs 2.0 Lacs Reproduction of Training MPSRDC Overview: cum beginning Material Rs 24,000 (@ Rs. 200 including Environmental interaction of the per set for 120 sets ) PIU project Regulations, s ub- implement staff project related ation of Training Delivery: Honorarium involved in provisions of various the sub- and travel cost of the faculty implementa Acts/ G uidelines, E IA project. Rs 2.0 lac (@ 50,000 per tion of the notification, pr ocess programme for 4 programmes) project and and methodology for INR 6.24 Select IEE, EMPs Lakhs Venue and other facility costs NGOs. Rs 2.0 lacs ( @ Rs 50000 per programme with 25 participants in each) 2 Field Implementation of Workshop Before the @ Rs 2.0 -do- Officer EMPs: s and constructio Lacs (Env) at Basic features of an Seminars n begins PIU, EMP, Planning, Supervision designing a nd INR 6.24 Consultant’ execution of Lakhs s environmental Environmen mitigation a nd tal enhancement Specialists measures, m onitoring and Select and ev aluation of 91

NGOs environmental conditions – during construction and operation

3 Sr Environmentally Workshop Before the @ Rs 3.0 Lacs -do- Manager, Sound C onstruction s and Site constructio Manager at Practices: visits n Head Clean construction Quarter and technology, INR 6.24 Field officer alternatives materials Lakhs at PIU, , and techniques for design construction, Waste team, Management and Supervision minimization in Consultant construction, pollution Constructio control devices and n methods for Contractors construction sites and ’ staff equipment, Environmental clauses in contract documents and their implications, protection of flora and fauna Environmental monitoring during construction 4 PIU and Monitoring Lectures, During @ Rs 1.5 Lacs Reproduction of Training Supervision Environmental Workshop initial Material Rs 24,000 (@ Rs. 200 Consultant, Performance d uring and site phases of per set for 120 persons ) NGOs and Construction: visits constructio community Air, Water, Soil and n Training Delivery: Honorarium representati Noise, t ree s urvival and travel cost of the faculty ves Monitoring INR 5.0 Rs 1.6 lac (@ 40,000 per requirement a nd Lakhs programme for 4 programmes) techniques, Evaluation and Venue and other facility costs Review of r esults, Rs 1.6 lacs ( @ Rs 40,000 per Performance programme with 25 participants indicators a nd t heir in each) applicability, pos sible corrective ac tions, reporting requirements a nd mechanisms Total Rs 23.72 Training lacs or Costs Say Rs. 24 lacs

22. Management System: It is proposed to develop standard environmental guidelines for impact assessment, management plan, and monitoring. It is recommended to develop an Environmental Management and Reporting Systems following international standards like ISO 14001.

92

7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism 23. Any en vironmental g rievance r eceived f rom publ ic or s takeholders concerning the project will be directed to the concerned PIU. Firstly, field officer w ill as sess i f t he g rievances ar e genuine or s uggestion i s acceptable. Accordingly, response will be given within 15-30 days through suitable m ode by t he field of ficer with t he appr oval of Divisional O fficer. In case PIU is unable to resolve the issue, the matter will be forwarded to Sr. Manager ( Environment & Social) at head quarter who will take it up further and r esolve. The corrective and pr eventing action will be t aken in a time bound manner as per response given to the stakeholders. The outcome shall also form part of quarterly report to ADB. 24. The local community will be informed by the respective supervision consultants about t he o ption t o ex press t heir grievances i f any t hrough the mechanism described above before the start of construction activities. The grievance redress mechanism with the name of concerned official shall also be displayed at MPRDC website, and on notice boards of the PIU office and construction sites. 93

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1. Conclusions 25. The findings of Environment Assessment indicate that project is unlikely to c ause any s ignificant environmental i mpacts. While s ome o f the impacts are negative, there are many bearing benefits to the area. Most of t he i mpacts ar e l ikely t o oc cur dur ing c onstruction s tage and ar e temporary in nature and can be mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts. Some impacts require design consideration and are suitably addressed. The pr oject r eceived i mmense s upport from l ocal peopl e as they perceive that this project will improve the overall connectivity and bring various economic opportunities to the people of the area. 26. The alignment does not pass through or located nearby any ecologically sensitive or pr otected a reas. N o ar chaeological/protected monument i s located in the project vicinity. The land use pattern around the alignment is predominantly agricultural. The significant impact during construction is mainly as sociated w ith m inor i ncrease i n du st bor ne ai r pol lution, increased noise level, nuisance due to movement and operation of vehicles, es tablishment o f t emporary f acilities, h indrance i n ac cessibility to common property resources etc. During operation stage, the main impact m ay be related t o ai r q uality and noi se. O ther i ssues r elates t o road safety including pedestrian and cattles. 27. Environmental s creening and a ssessment o f l ikely i mpacts, the pr oject has been categorised as Category ‘B’. The effective implementation o f environmental management plan will facilitate in minimising the environmental impact to acceptable level. No additional studies or need of undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged at this stage. 28. Key findings of the IEE are summarised in following paragraphs: • There are several rivers and drains cutting across the project alignment. The major r ivers c rossing t he p roject ar ea a re Chambal, ChotiKali S indh, K achal, which ar e found t o be non-perennial as per the physical verification. Further, the topography of the subproject area is marked by elevated plains and low altitude hills which cause flooding during monsoon season, especially near the surface water bodies and canals. Therefore adequate c ross dr ainage structures ar e r equired to avoid f looding dur ing m onsoon s eason. All nec essary m easures as suggested i n IEE i ncluding I RC specifications for em bankment formation in waterlogged areas shall be taken into account. • The groundwater condition i n t he pr oject s ection i s poor . Hence, provisions of water harvesting should be adopted. • Since no l and ac quisition i s i nvolved, t he pr oject w ill not a ffect any family. Also, there will be no Impact on community infrastructure as the upgradation is limited to the available ROW. • Ambient noise l evel i s w ithin pr escribed l imit ex cept nea r bus y intersections such as Agar, Barod, I slamnagar, Tal, A lot, Jaora etc. Some of the key suggested measures during construction are provision of t emporary noi se bar riers and r egulating c onstruction t imings near

94

sensitive locations. Operation stage mitigation includes multilayered plantation and r estricting hon king near s ensitive ar eas, m aintaining good road conditions and congestion free traffic movement. • Large q uantity of earth is required for the p roject. The availability of government waste land/barren land/uplands etc. is limited in the area. It is recommended to follow the guidelines for borrow area management as suggested in IEE. • The c ompensatory afforestation s hould be unde rtaken at 1: 7 basis in close consultation with f orest department. Roadside plantation should be done as per IRC specifications. Additional plantation should be done in consultation at river banks especially at major bridge locations. • Soil er osion al ong em bankment s lope, river bank s, b ridge sites an d river training structures shall be checked through measures suggested in IEE. These measures coupled with silt fencing/brush barrier etc will also help to minimise siltation of water bodies though required at only few locations since most of the water bodies are seasonal in nature. • Predominant land use along the project alignment is agricultural/open area which helps in adequate dispersion of air emission. The increased pollution level during construction stage will be largely localised and temporary in nature. Corridor specific measures to curb emission include m aintaining good r oad c onditions, improved t raffic regulations and roadside plantation with pollutant absorbent species. • Siting and management of temporary construction facilities i.e. construction c amp, w orkers c amp, hot mix plant, bat ching pl ant, dumping s ites, s tone crusher et c. s hall be do ne i n env ironmentally accepted manner as mentioned in IEE. • Dismantled m aterial s hall be r eused t o t he ex tent pos sible. Le ftover debris shall be di sposed off in environmentally acceptable method and at designated sites. • Risk involved with accidents, community and occupational health safety should be mitigated as per measures provided in IEE. A proper traffic management plan shall be in place well before start of the construction. 29. Post Environmental Assessment Surveillance and Monitoring is essential to s ustain the e ffectiveness o f the m itigative measures s uggested. A detailed monitoring plan has been prepared as part of the Environmental Management Plan. The focus areas of monitoring covers air, surface water q uality, noi se, s oil er osion, dr ainage c ongestion and t ree s urvival rate. The reporting requirements along with the follow up actions in case of deviation from the norms have been detailed out as a part of EMP. The frequency has been set in consideration of the likely impacts. 8.2. Key Recommendations: 30. Any major changes or any major additional work other than the proposed project ac tivities w ill r equire pr eparation o f anot her env ironmental assessment. This additional assessment will have to be submitted to concerned Government authorities and ADB for concurrence before civil works commence. 95

31. The implementation of prescribed mitigation measures will minimize/avoid the adverse impacts. Moreover, the impacts shall be monitored continually b y i mplementing and upda ting the E nvironmental Management pl an and E nvironmental M onitoring P lan. E nvironmental Management and M onitoring Plan may be updat ed if deemed necessary as per site conditions. MPRDC shall submit six monthly compliance/update reports to ADB. 32. All nec essary c learances/permissions/No-objections/Consents should be obtained as required at di fferent s tages and as out lined i n l egal framework chapter o f I EE. MPSRDC shall en sure t hat env ironmental clearance as may be required is obtained before start of construction. 33. Executing agency shall ensure that EMP and EMoP is included in Bill of Quantity (BOQ) and forms part of bid document and c ivil works contract. The same shall be revised if necessary during project implementation or if there is any change in the project design and with approval of ADB.

96

Appendix 3.1: Inventory and Survey Condition of Bridges 97

Appendix 3.2: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist

Roads and Highways

AGAR-BAROD-ALOT-JAORA (SH-41) SECTION

Instructions:

(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be at tached t o the e nvironmental c ategorization form and s ubmitted to the Environment and Safeguards D ivision ( RSES), for e ndorsement b y D irector, RSES and f or appr oval b y t he C hief Compliance Officer.

(ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately c onsidered, r efer al so t o A DB's ( a) c hecklists on i nvoluntary resettlement and Indigenous P eoples; ( b) pov erty r eduction h andbook; ( c) s taff gui de t o c onsultation an d participation; and (d) gender checklists.

(iii) Answer t he q uestions assuming t he “ without m itigation” c ase. T he pur pose i s t o i dentify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

IND/Sub-regional T ransport E nhancement P roject – Road i mprovement w/ Country/Project Title: bituminous overlay: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora (108.70 km)

Sector Division: IND TA: 7198

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS A. Project Siting

Is The Project Area Adjacent To Or Within Any Of The Following Environmentally Sensitive Areas? . Cultural Heritage Site None

. Protected Area None

None . Wetland

. Mangrove None

. Estuarine None

. Buffer Zone of Protected Area None

. Special Area for Protecting Biodiversity None

98

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE… No encroachment on historical or Encroachment on h istorical/cultural ar eas; cultural areas is envisaged. disfiguration of l andscape by r oad em bankments, cuts, fills, and quarries? The to pography o f p roject r oad i s mainly fl at. B ut, m inor i mpacts o n landscape by road embankments to improve profile, cuts and fills cannot be ruled out.

None. The project road does not Encroachment on pr ecious ec ology ( e.g. s ensitive pass th rough sensitive ecological or protected areas)? areas. Minimal, since no new construction Alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways of bridges is proposed. Most rivers crossed b y r oads, r esulting i n i ncreased s ediment in project a rea ar e sea sonal. in s treams af fected b y increased s oil er osion at Necessary measures shall be taken construction site? to p revent i mpacts o n watercourses. Suitable prevention measures such Deterioration of s urface w ater qu ality d ue t o s ilt as si lt f encing w ill r educe si lt r un runoff and s anitary wastes f rom w orker-based off. camps and chemicals used in construction? Adequate measures for sanitary waste and silt runoff shall be taken to prevent any such condition. Local air pollution level i s likely to Increased local a ir po llution du e t o r ock c rushing, be increased for short duration cutting and filling works, and chemicals from during construction period asphalt processing? particularly d ue to e arth w ork. Appropriate d istance fr om settlement a rea and w ind direction may b e ta ken i nto account to locate a ir p olluting f acility li ke stone c rushing u nit e tc., i f required. Risk i s t emporary an d asso ciated Risks and vulnerabilities related t o occupational with construction phase. health and safety due to physical, chemical, biological, an d r adiological ha zards dur ing project Construction workers will be construction and o peration dur ing pr oject provided with proper occupational, construction and operation? health an d saf ety g ear. S afety officer w ill b e a ppointed b y contractor to l ead i mplementation of o ccupational a nd c ommunity health a nd s afety p lan d uring construction phase 99

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Minimal i ncrease i n a mbient n oise Noise and v ibration d ue t o bl asting a nd other c ivil level i s e xpected due t o v arious works? construction a ctivities. N ecessary mitigation measures will b e t aken in noise sensitive locations such as schools, temples and forest areas. Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people None.

No displacement. Dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people Project improvement work is to be living in right-of-way? carried out within existing available ROW, no resettlement is envisaged. None. Disproportionate impacts o n the p oor, women and children, I ndigenous P eoples or ot her v ulnerable groups? All p ossible m itigation measures Other social concerns relating to inconveniences in will b e ta ken to a void a ny living c onditions i n t he p roject ar eas t hat m ay inconvenience d ue to th e p roject. trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and Efforts w ill al so b e m ade t o keep stress? air p ollution w ithin p ermissible levels t o p revent r espiratory problems a nd s tress among th e nearby inhabitants. Traffic m anagement p lan to b e Hazardous driving conditions where construction followed d uring c onstruction w ill interferes with pre-existing roads? be prepared. Appropriate w aste m anagement Poor s anitation an d s olid waste di sposal in shall b e adopted to p revent a ny construction c amps and w ork s ites, and pos sible such conditions. Awareness p lan transmission of communicable d iseases f rom for workers w ill b e p repared to workers to local populations? educate them about communicable diseases. Creation of t emporary breeding ha bitats f or No such condition is anticipated mosquito vectors of disease? Temporarily d uring c onstruction Accident r isks as sociated w ith i ncreased v ehicular stage. Adequate m easures w ill b e traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic materials provided to p revent th em such as and loss of life? speed r eduction, p rovision o f crash barrier & proper traffic signage system at sensitive places will e nsure s mooth tr affic fl ow which will reduce accidental risk Increased noise and air pollution resulting from Temporarily d uring c onstruction traffic volume? phase. Increased r isk o f w ater pol lution f rom oi l, gr ease Temporarily d uring c onstruction and f uel s pills, and ot her materials f rom v ehicles phase. using the road? Adequate preventive measures will take to prevent such risks.

100

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Most o f t he workers w ill b e h ired Social conflicts if workers from other regions or locally. countries are hired?

Most o f t he workers w ill b e h ired Large po pulation i nflux dur ing project construction locally. All g roundwater extraction and operation that causes increased burden on will b e co vered b y necessary social infrastructure a nd s ervices ( such as water permits and a ll c onstruction s ites supply and sanitation systems)? will have sanitary toilets with septic tank. No b lasting w ill b e m ade, b itumen Risks t o c ommunity he alth and s afety d ue t o the handling will be consistent with the transport, s torage, and u se and/ or d isposal of Material S afety D ata S heet, materials such as explosives, fuel and other occupational and community chemicals during construction and operation? health and safety provisions included in the EMP Community and o ccupational Community safety risks due to both accidental and health a nd s afety p lan w ill fo rm natural c auses, es pecially where t he s tructural part of EMP. elements or c omponents of t he project ar e accessible t o m embers of the af fected c ommunity or where t heir f ailure c ould r esult i n i njury t o t he community t hroughout pr oject c onstruction, operation and decommissioning.

The Project is categorized as B. As per MO EF latest E IA notification, E nvironmental C learance f or t he pr oject i s not r equired. However, other consent conditions will be required.

101

Appendix 3.4: Details of Chainage-wise Existing and Proposed Design Speed and Curve Radius

Sr Existing Proposed Remarks No Chainage Radii Speed Chainage Radii Speed Start End (m) (kmph) Start End (m) (kmph) Agar – Barod Road 1 0.03 0.07 55 20 0.039 0.081 60 Jun Junction 2 0.087 0.138 210 25 0.1 0.15 300 Jun Junction 3 24.34 24.37 85 35 24.38 24.4 100 40 Approach to Bridge 4 24.46 24.49 170 25 24.56 24.58 170 40 Approach to Bridge Barod – Rajasthan Border 5 26.361 26.38 35 20 0.69 0.71 50 20 Urban Area 6 32.94 33.01 100 7.94 8 100 Jun Junction Barod – Shajapur-Ratlam District 7 0.077 0.16 150 20 25.8 25.88 250 40 Urban Area 8 12.535 12.54 25 20 38.558 38.562 80 40 Shajapur – Ratlam District to Alot 9 8.12 8.1 30 20 44.81 44.83 80 40 Sharp Curve 10 7.59 7.615 45 20 45.3 45.32 90 40 Sharp Curve 11 7 6.99 30 20 45.78 45.79 50 30 Sharp Curve 12 5.83 5.82 180 20 47.076 47.084 200 40 13 5.79 5.75 65 20 47.11 47.16 80 20 Approach to Bridge 14 0.03 0.02 80 20 52.84 52.85 100 10 Junction+Urban Area

Alot – Jawara Road 15 48 47.97 100 20 52.89 52.93 125 10 Urban Area 16 47.94 47.93 15 10 52.97 52.98 20 10 Urban Area 17 47.91 47.92 6 5 52.99 53 10 10 Urban Area 18 47.9 47.86 90 20 53.01 53.06 95 10 Urban Area 19 47.85 47.79 150 20 53.07 53.12 200 10 Urban Area 20 47.76 47.755 5 5 53.15 53.16 10 10 Urban Area 21 47.756 47.75 6 5 53.16 53.17 6 10 Urban Area 22 47.728 47.717 30 10 53.19 53.2 40 10 Urban Area 23 47.715 47.687 60 10 53.2 53.23 75 10 Urban Area 24 47.666 47.661 50 10 53.25 53.26 100 10 Urban Area 25 47.609 47.557 380 10 53.31 53.36 400 10 Urban Area 26 47.431 47.386 70 10 53.49 53.53 90 10 Urban Area 27 47.364 47.342 200 10 53.55 53.57 200 10 Urban Area 28 46.394 46.389 180 30 54.525 54.53 200 10 Urban Area 29 46.242 46.235 100 25 54.677 54.685 200 10 Urban Area 30 46.185 46.162 30 5 54.73 54.76 18 Jun Junction 31 45.265 45.246 75 10 55.235 55.254 100 20 Urban Area 32 45.238 45.198 135 25 55.26 55.3 200 20 Urban Area 33 44.025 43.922 60 20 56.48 56.59 68 20 34 43.885 43.872 100 20 56.62 56.63 150 20 35 43.682 43.673 50 10 56.82 56.83 80 40 36 24.271 24.167 76.41 76.51 100 25 Realignment Portion 37 23.72 23.65 76.78 76.85 150 25 Realignment Portion

102

APPENDIX 4.1 : NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

The finding as N otified on 16 th November 2009 by t he C entral P ollution C ontrol Board (CPCB) in exercise of its powers conferred under Section 6 and Section 25 of the Environment Protect Act, 1986.

Time-Weighted Concentration in Ambient Air

Ecologically Industrial, Pollutant Sensitive Area Residential Average (Notified by and other Central rural area Government) Annual* 50 20 3 SO2 ug/m 24 hours** 80 80 Annual* 40 30 3 NOx ug/m 24 hours** 80 80 Annual* 60 60 3 PM10 ug/m 24 hours** 100 100 Annual* 40 40 3 PM2.5 ug/m 24 hours** 60 60

Annual* 0.50 0.50 3 Lead ug/m

24 hours** 1.0 1.0

8 Hours** 2000 2000 3 CO ug/m 1 Hour** 4000 4000 8 Hours** 100 100 3 O3 ug/m 1 Hour** 180 180 Annual* 100 100 3 NH3 ug/m 24 hours** 400 400 Source: Gazette of India, Part II-Section-3-Subsection (i)

* Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24-hourly at uniform interval. ** 24-horly / 8-hourly values or 0.1 hourly monitored values shall be complied with 98% of t he t ime i n t he year. H owever, 2% of t he t ime, i t may ex ceed but not on t wo consecutive days.

103

APPENDIX 4.2 : Ambient Noise Level Limits (In Leq dB(A)), India

Day Time Night Time Area/Class (6:00 AM to 9:00 PM) (9:00 PM to 6:00 am)

Standard Standard

Industrial 75 70

Commercial 65 55

Residential 55 45

Silence 50 40 Source: Environment Protection Rules, 1986, Schedule III

104

APPENDIX 4.3 : Drinking Water Standards And Probable Effects on Human Health (BIS: IS: 10500, 1991)

S. Prescribed limits Parameters Probable effects No. Desirable Permissible 1 COLOUR (HAZEN UNIT) 5 25 Aesthetically undesirable. 2 ODOUR Essentially free Aesthetically undesirable. 3 TASTE Agreeable Aesthetically undesirable. 4 TURBIDITY (NTU) 5 10 Indicates pollution/ contamination. Affects t aste, c orrodes supply 5 pH 6.5 8.5 system. Causes s caling, ex cessive s oap HARDNESS, as CaCO3, 6 300 600 consumption, c alcification of mg/l arteries. Causes s taining of l aundry a nd 7 IRON, as Fe , mg/l 0.30 1.00 porcelain. I n t races i t i s e ssential for nutrition. May be injurious to heart or kidney patients. T aste, i ndigestion, 8 CHLORIDE, as Cl , mg/l 250 1000 corrosion and palatability are affected. RESIDUAL CHLORINE, only Excessive c hlorination causes 9 when 0.20 - asthma, colitis and eczema Water is chlorinated May c ause gastro-intestinal TOTAL DISSOLVED 10 500 2000 irritation, c orrosion a nd l axative SOLIDS, mg/l effect to new users. Excessive C ause incrustation, deficiency c auses rickets, 11 CALCIUM, as Ca, mg/l 75 200 essential f or ner vous, m uscular, cardiac f unctions a nd i n coagulation of blood. Its s alts are c athartics and diuretic. E xcessive m ay c ause laxative ef fect; def iciency causes 12 MAGNESIUM, as Mg, mg/l 30 100 structural an d f unctional c hanges. It i s ac tivator of many enzyme systems. Beneficial in human metabolism, deficiency r esults i n nutritional anaemia in infants. Large amounts may r esult i n liver dam age, 13 COPPER, as Cu, mg/l 0.05 1.50 causes central nervous system irritation and depression. Enhances corrosion of Al in water supply systems. Causes g astro-intestinal i rritation. Along w ith Mg or Na can hav e a 14 SULPHATE, as SO4, mg/l 200 400 cathartic effect. Concentration more t han 750 m g/l m ay have laxative effect. Causes infant methaemoglobinaemia, at very 15 NITRATE, as N, mg/l 45 100 high c oncentration c auses gas tric cancer and effects central nervous 105

S. Prescribed limits Parameters Probable effects No. Desirable Permissible and cardiovascular system.

Reduces dental c arries, very h igh 16 FLUORIDE, as F, mg/l 1.00 1.50 concentration may cause crippling skeletal fluorosis. Acute toxicity m ay b e as sociated with r enal, ar terial h ypertension, 17 CADMIUM, as Cd, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation itai-itai ( bone di sease). C d s alts cause cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Burning i n m outh, s evere inflammation of gas tro-intestinal tract w ith v omiting and d iarrhoea. 18 LEAD, as Pb, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation Chronic toxicity pr oduces naus ea, severe abdominal pa in, paralysis, mental c onfusion, visual disturbances, and anaemia etc. Essential and beneficial in hum an 19 ZINC, as Zn , mg/l 5 15 metabolism. Imparts astringent taste to water. Cr6+ produces lung tumours, 20 CHROMIUM, as Cr, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation coetaneous and nasal m ucous membrane ulcers and dermatitis. Causes skin damage, circulatory 21 ARSENIC, as As, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation problems, and i ncreased r isk o f skin cancer. Raises blood cholesterol, l owers 22 ANTIMONY, as Sb, mg/l 0.006 No relaxation blood sugar. 23 ALUMINIUM, as Al, mg/l 0.030 0.200 Leads to neurological disorders. 24 BARIUM, as Ba, mg/l 2 No relaxation Increases blood pressure. 25 BERYLLIUM, as Be, mg/l nil 0.0002 Is carcinogenic Causes nerve damage, thyroid 26 CYANIDE, as CN, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation problem. Neurological a nd r enal disturbances. Excess ca uses 27 MERCURY, as Hg, mg/l 0.001 No relaxation gonadotoxic and mutagenic effects and di sturbs t he cholesterol metabolism. Essential as a cofactor in enzyme systems and m etabolism processes. E xcessive ca uses change i n ap petite and r eduction 28 MANGANESE, as Mn, mg/l 0.10 0.30 in metabolism of iron to form haemoglobin. Imparts undesirable taste a nd s tains plumbing fixtures and laundry. Leads t o h air, f inger l oss, and 29 SELENIUM, as Se, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation numbness i n f ingers or t oes, circulatory problems. Affects c entral ner vous system, 30 BORON, as B, mg/l 1.00 5.00 salts m ay c ause n ausea, cramps, convulsions, coma, etc. 31 ALKALINITY, as CaCO3, 200 600 Imparts unpleasant taste,

106

S. Prescribed limits Parameters Probable effects No. Desirable Permissible mg/l deleterious to humans in presence of high pH, hardness and TDS. Imparts t oxicity, accumulates i n different or gans of bod y, a nd 32 PESTICIDES, ug/l nil 0.001 affects i mmune and nervous systems. Carcinogenic. High concentration causes vomiting and diarrhoea s timulates 33 PHOSPHATE, as PO4, mg/l No guideline secondary hyperthyroidism and bone loss. Harmful t o p ersons s uffering f rom 34 SODIUM, as Na, mg/l No guideline cardiac, r enal and circulatory diseases. Essential nutrition e lement but 35 POTASSIUM, as K, mg/l No guideline excessive amounts are cathartic. Non-toxic e lement but m ay be carcinogenic in animals, can react 36 NICKEL, as Ni , mg/l No guideline with DN A r esulting in DNA damage in animals. PATHOGENS Causes water borne diseases like a)TOTAL COLIFORM coliform j aundice; Typhoid, 37 No/dl 1 10 Cholera et c. produces i nfections

b)FAECAL COLIFORM involving skin m ucous m embrane No/dl of eyes, ears and throat. RADIOACTIVITY: -BETA PARTICLES 0-4 milligram/year 38 Increases risk of cancer. -ALPHA PARTICLES 0-15 picocuries/year -RADIUM 0-05 picocuries/year

107

APPENDIX 4.4 : Water Quality Criteria And Standards for Freshwater Classification (CPCB, 1979)

Characteristics A B C D E

Dissolved Oxygen (DO), 6 5 4 4 - mg/L, Min Biological Oxygen Demand, BOD, mg/L, 2 3 3 - - max Total Coliform organism 50 500 5000 - - **, MPN/100ml, Max pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6 – 9 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 Free Ammonia (as N), - - - 1.2 - mg/L, Max Electrical Conductivity, - - - - 2250 µmhos/cm, max Sodium absorption Ratio - - - - 26 Boron, mg/L, Max - - - - 2

A) Drinking water sources without conventional treatment but after disinfecting B) Outdoor Bathing (organized) C) Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfecting D) Propagation of wildlife, fisheries E) Irrigation, industrial cooling, controlled waste disposal

108

Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management

1. SELECTION OF BORROW AREAS Location of b orrow ar eas shall be f inalized as per IRC: 10 -1961guidlines. The finalization of l ocations in c ase of bor rows ar eas i dentified i n pr ivate l and s hall depend upon t he formal ag reement bet ween l andowners and c ontractor. If, agreement i s not reached bet ween t he c ontractor and l andowners for the identified bo rrow ar eas s ites, arrangement for l ocating t he s ource o f s upply of material for embankment and s ub-grade as well as c ompliance t o environment requirements in respect of excavation and borrow areas as stipulated from time to t ime by t he M inistry of E nvironment and Forests, G overnment o f India, and local bodies, as applicable shall be the sole responsibility of the contractor. The contractor in addition to the established practices, rules and regulation will also consider following criteria before finalizing the locations. (1) The borrow area should not be l ocated in agriculture field unless unavoidable i.e. barren land is not available. (2) The borrow pits preferably should not be located along the roads. (3) The loss of productive and agriculture soil should be minimum. (4) The loss of vegetation is almost nil or minimum. (5) The Contractor will ensure that suitable earth is available. 2. CONTRACTOR’S RESPONSIBILTY The C ontractor s hall obt ain r epresentative s amples f rom ea ch o f t he i dentified borrow ar eas and ha ve t hese t ested at t he s ite l aboratory f ollowing a t esting programme app roved by t he E ngineer. I t s hall be ens ured that the s ub-grade material when compacted to the density requirements shall yield the design CBR value of the sub-grade. Contractor shall begin operations keeping in mind following; (1) Haulage of material to embankments or other areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient spreading and c ompaction plants is operating at the place of deposition. (2) No excavated acceptable material other than surplus to requirements of the C ontract s hall be removed from t he s ite. C ontractor should be permitted t o r emove acceptable m aterial f rom the site to s uit his operational procedure, then shall make consequent deficit of material arising there from. (3) Where the excavation reveals a combination of acceptable and un- acceptable m aterials, t he C ontractor shall, unl ess ot herwise ag reed by the E ngineer, c arry out t he ex cavation i n s uch a m anner t hat t he acceptable materials are excavated separately for use in the permanent works w ithout c ontamination by t he un -acceptable m aterials. The acceptable material shall be stockpiled separately. (4) The Contractor shall ensure that he does not adversely affect the stability of excavation or fills by the methods of stockpiling materials, use of plants are siting of temporary buildings or structures.

109

3. BORROWING FROM DIFFERENT LAND-FORMS

A. Borrow Areas located in Agricultural Lands

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 c m t opsoil w ill be stripped o ff from the bo rrow pi t and t his will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrowing of ear th w ill be c arried out up t o a depth o f 1. 5m from t he existing ground level. (iv) Borrowing of earth will not be done continuously through out the stretch. (v) Ridges of not less t han 8m widths will be l eft at intervals not exceeding 300m. (vi) Small drains will be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to facilitate drainage. (vii) The slope of the edges will be m aintained not steeper than 1:4 (vertical: Horizontal). (viii) The depth of borrow pits will not be more than 30 cm after stripping the 15 cm topsoil aside.

B. Borrow Areas located in Elevated Lands

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 c m t opsoil w ill be stripped o ff from t he bo rrow pi t and this w ill be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) At l ocation w here pr ivate ow ners des ire t heir fields t o be l evelled, t he borrowing s hall be done t o a dept h of not m ore t han 1.5m or up to the level of surrounding fields

C. Borrow Areas near River side

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 c m t opsoil w ill be stripped o ff from t he bo rrow pi t and this w ill be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrow area near to any surface water body will be at least at a distance of 15m from the toe of the bank or high flood level, whichever is maximum.

D. Borrow Areas near Settlements

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile.

110

(ii) A 15 c m t opsoil w ill be stripped o ff from t he bo rrow pi t and this w ill be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrow pi t l ocation w ill be l ocated a t l east 0. 75 km from v illages and settlements. I f un-avoidable, the pit will not be dug for more than 30 c m and drains will be cut to facilitate drainage. (iv) Borrow pi ts l ocated i n such l ocation w ill be r e-developed i mmediately after borrowing is completed. If spoils are dumped, that will be covered with a l ayers of s tockpiled t opsoil i n ac cordance w ith c ompliance requirements with respect MOEF/PPCB guidelines.

E. Borrow Pits along the Road

Borrow pits along the road shall be discouraged and if deemed necessary and permitted by the Engineer; following precautions are recommended (i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 c m t opsoil w ill be stripped o ff from t he bo rrow pi t and this w ill be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Ridges o f no t l ess than 8m w idths s hould be l eft a t i ntervals not exceeding 300m. (iv) Small drains shall be cut through the ridges of facilitate drainage. (v) The depth of the pits shall be so regulated that there bottom does not cut an imaginary l ine having a slope o f 1 vertical to 4 horizontal projected from the ed ge of the final section of bank, the m aximum dep th of any case being limited to 1.5m. (vi) Also, no pit shall be dug within the offset width from the toe of the embankment required as per the consideration of stability with a minimum width of 10m. 4. REHABILITATION OF BORROW AREAS The objective of the rehabilitation programme is to return the borrow pit sites to a safe and secure area, which the general public should be able to safely enter and enjoy. S ecuring borrow pits in a s table condition is fundamental requirement of the rehabilitation process. This could be achieved by filling the borrow pit floor to approximately the access road level.

Re-development plan shall be prepared by the Contractor before the start of work inline wit h the owners will require and to the satisfaction of owner. The Borrow Areas shall be rehabilitated as per following; • Borrow pits shall be backfilled with rejected construction wastes and will be given a vegetative cover. If this is not possible, then excavation sloped will be s moothed and depression will be f illed in such a w ay that it looks more or less like the original round surface. • Borrow ar eas m ight be us ed for a quaculture i n c ase l andowner w ants such development. I n that case, such borrow area will be photographed 111

after t heir pos t us e r estoration and E nvironment E xpert o f S upervision Consultant will certify the post use redevelopment. The Contractor will k eep r ecord of phot ographs of v arious st ages i .e., before using materials from t he l ocation ( pre-project), f or t he period borrowing activities (construction Phase) and after rehabilitation (post development), to ascertain the pre and post borrowing status of the area.

112

APPENDIX 7.1: Environmental Management Plan (SH-41: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora 108.70 km) All activity for supervision is on part of SQC unless involvement of different department Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision A. Design and Construction Stage 1. Alignment  Pavement • Selection of suitable pavement Design requirement • All habitat areas throughout During the Included i n Design SQC/MPRD damage and design i n habitat ar eas the alignment design construction Consultant C inadequate considering a lignment l evel and stage cost drainage drainage provisions in • Raise r oad l evel abov e t he habitat areas nearby ar eas w ith pr ovision of adequate side drains to evacuate the rain water and domestic discharges ( drained by habi tats occasionally) to prevent damage to r oad and r ain w ater e ntry t o habitats’ houses. • Provision of ade quate no of cross drainage structures based on dr ainage pat tern ar ound t he alignment  Safety along the • Make provisions of crash barriers Design requirement • Crash barriers are proposed During the Included i n Design SQC/MPRD proposed at accident prone areas at the following chainages design construction Consultant C alignment • Provision of rumble strips in along the project corridor stage cost habitat areas to regulate speed. Left side Right side • Provision o f re tro-reflective Chainage(m) Chainage(m) warning s ign bo ards ne ars From To From To school, hospital, religious places 18/33 18/37 9/44 9/470 24/38 24/41 24/49 24/52 and forests areas 24/49 24/52 27/38 27/52 • Provision of f ootpaths al ong t he 76/53 76/64 71/00 71/03 road near habitat areas, school, 76/92 77/07 76/53 76/64 hospital, r eligious p laces and 92/77 92/82 76/92 77/07 forests 93/21 93/26 82/94 82/97 • Compliance with norms specified 85/33 85/36 in I RC c odes f or s tate highway 92/77 92/82 for curvature and grading 93/21 93/26 • Provision of safety kerb with 113

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision footpath at all bridges • The des ign should at tempt t o equalize c ut an d f ill. T he centerline s hould be aligned s o that on al l s lopes b elow 60 degrees, half cut and half fill can be achieved. • Minimize the cutting in hill areas. Incorporate slope s tabilization measures t o pr event any l and slide situation. • 2. Natural Hazards  Protection from • Design considering the IRC:34 Throughout the stretch Design Project Design SQC/MPRD damage from earthquake pot ential t hough t he Recommendations Stage preparation Consultant C Earthquake area f alls un der l ow ear thquake for road construction Cost intensity of 2/3 in waterlogged area and IRC: 75 and MOSRTH guidelines  Protection of road • Raise embankment height above for Design of High All the existing culverts/bridges Design Included i n Design SQC/MPRD embankment in the HFL levels in the flood prone Embankments are improved to increase their and construction Consultant C Flood prone areas. carrying capacity. Constructi cost Areas • Provision of adequate balancing on Stage culverts. 3. Weather Conditions and Air Quality  Local Weather • Geometric adjustment to reduce Kyoto Protocol, Throughout project corridor, Design Road Side Design SQC conditions tree cutting. Environmental mainly at level c rossings, and Plantations Consultant /MPRDC • Compensatory t ree P lantation Protection Act, haulage r oads, ea rthwork, Constructi +Additional and Contractor (1:7) 1986; The Air construction si tes, loading on stage Plantation • Additional P lantation o n r iver (Prevention and areas, s torage ar eas, t ransport During the cost7=1.2 banks, bor row areas a nd Control of Pollution) route Constructi Million sensitive locations to increase Act, 1981 on stage (@1200/tree)

7 The total no. trees likely to be cut are estimated to be 144. Compensatory afforestation norm is 1:5. Additional Plantation of 1;2 is suggested. Hence, 1008 trees have to be planted in lieu of compensatory plantation. Project has the provision of planting trees on both sides of the road. The lump sum cost of cutting a tree, its afforestation and maintenance is taken as Rs. 1200.

114

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision the green cover and improve the + aesthetics IRC and  Dust Generation • Transport, loading and unloading MORTH Included in Design SQC/MPRD due to of loose and fine materials Specifications for project cost Consultant C construction through covered vehicles. Road and Bridge and Contractor SQC/MPRD activities and • Paved approach roads. works C Air (P and CP) transport, storage • Storage areas to be located Act 1974 and and handling of downwind of the habitation area. • Water spraying o n ea rthworks, Central Motor and construction unpaved haulage roads and Vehicle materials other dust prone areas. Act 1988 • Provision of PPEs to workers.  Emission of air • Regular maintenance of Asphalt mixing plants, crushers, During the Included i n Contractor SQC/MPRD pollutants (HC, machinery and equipment. DG sets locations Constructi project cost C SO2, NOX, CO • Batching, a sphalt mixing pl ants on stage etc) from vehicles and crushers at downwind (1km) due to traffic direction from the nearest congestion and settlement. use of equipment • Only crushers licensed by the and machinery PCB shall be used Included in • DG sets with stacks of adequate monitoring cost height and use of l ow s ulphur diesel as fuel. • Ambient air quality monitoring • Follow t raffic m anagement p lan as given in Section 8. 4. Noise  Noise from • All eq uipment t o be t imely Legal requirement Throughout project section During the Cost for Contractor SQC/MPRD construction serviced and pr operly Noise P ollution especially at c onstruction s ites, Constructi Plantation C vehicle, maintained. (Regulation and residential areas and identified on stage already equipment and • Bottlenecks to be removed. Control) R ules, sensitive l ocations as gi ven in indicated machinery. • Construction eq uipment a nd 2000 and Table 5.3 above. machinery t o b e f itted with amendments silencers an d m aintained thereof properly. + • Only I S appr oved equi pments Clause No 501.8.6. shall b e u sed f or c onstruction MoSRTH 115

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision activities. Specifications for • Timing o f no isy c onstruction Road and Bridge activities shall be done during works Monitoring night t ime a nd w eekends near Cost as sensitive receptors su ch as indicated I n schools and temples, concurrent EMoP. noisy operations may be separated t o r educe t he t otal noise g enerated, and i f possible re-route traffic during construction t o av oid t he accumulation o f noi se beyond standards. Else p rovision of temporary no ise b arrier at sensitive locations or near sources. • Time r egulation ne ar r esidential and forest areas construction shall be r estricted t o day light hours. • Initiation o f m ulti l ayered plantation, to serve as mitigation option for operation phase • Honking r estrictions n ear sensitive areas • PPEs to workers • Noise monitoring as per EMoP. 5. Land and Soil  Land use • For construction non -agricultural Project requirement Throughout t he pr oject section During Included i n Contractor SQC/MPRD Change and Loss areas t o b e us ed as bor row and borrow areas design construction C of productive/top areas. and cost soil • If using agricultural land, top soil constructi to be preserved an d l aid o ver on Stage either on the embankment slope for growing vegetation to protect soil erosion.  Slope protection • Bio-turfing of e mbankments t o IRC: 56 -1974 Throughout the stretch Design Construction Design SQC/MPRD and Soil erosion protect slopes. recommended especially along hilly areas and cost consultant and C

116

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision due to • Slope protection by providing practice for constructi Contractor, construction frames, dry s tone pi tching, treatment of on stage activities, masonry retaining walls, planting embankment slopes earthwork, and of grass and trees. for erosion control cut and fill etc. • The side slopes of all cut and fill Clause No. 306 and areas will be graded and covered 305.2.2 with s tone pi tching, gr ass a nd MoSRTH shrub as per design Specifications for specifications. Care should be Road and Bridge taken that the s lope gr adient works shall not be greater than 2:1. Guidelines IX for  Soil erosion at • The earth stockpiles to be Soil erosion At earth stockpiles Design Construction Contractor SQC/MPRD earth stockpiles provided w ith gent le s lopes t o and cost C prevent soil erosion. constructi on stage  Borrow areas • Non-productive, bar ren l ands, IRC G uidelines on Borrow sites location. During Construction Contractor SQC/MPRD upland s hall b e used f or borrow areas and Design cost C borrowing ear th w ith t he for quar ries and necessary permissions/consents. (Environmental constructi • Depths of b orrow pi ts t o be Protection A ct and on Stage regulated and sides not steeper Rules, 1986; W ater than 25%. Act, Air Act) • Topsoil t o be s tockpiled and + C lause N o. protected f or use at t he 305.2.2 MoSRTH rehabilitation stage. Specifications for • Transportation of earth materials Road and Bridge through covered vehicles. works • IRC recommended practice for Guidelines V f or borrow pits (IRC 10: 1961). Borrow Are as • Borrow areas not to be dug Management continuously. • To the extent borrow areas shall be sited away from habitated areas. B orrow ar eas s hall be leveled with salvaged material or other filling materials which do not po se c ontamination of s oil. Else, i t shall be c onverted i nto 117

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision fishpond in consultation with fishery depar tment a nd l and owner/community. Rehabilitation of the borrow areas as per Guidelines f or r edevelopment of Borrow Areas.  Quarry • Aggregates will be sourced from Clause N o. 11 1.3 Operations existing licensed quarries. MoSRTH • Copies of consent/ approval / Specifications for rehabilitation pl an f or a n ew Road and Bridge quarry or u se o f ex isting source works G uidelines V I will be submitted to EO, MPRDC. for Q uarry Are as • The c ontractor w ill dev elop a Management Quarry Redevelopment plan, as per the Mining Rules of the state and submit a copy of the approval to EA.  Compaction of • Construction vehicles, Design Parking ar eas, H aulage r oads Just Included in Contractor SQC/MPRD soil and impact on machinery, and equipment to be requirement and construction yards. before construction C quarry haul roads stationed in the designated ROW commenc cost due to movement to avoid compaction. ement of of vehicles and • Approach roads/haulage roads constructi equipments shall be de signed al ong the on barren and har d s oil area to reduce the compaction. • Transportation of quarry material to the dumping site through heavy vehicles s hall be done through existing m ajor r oads t o the ex tent po ssible t o restrict wear and t ear t o t he village/minor roads. • Land taken for construction camp a nd other t emporary facility shall b e r estored to i ts original conditions.  Contamination • Construction vehicles a nd Design Fuelling station, c onstruction Just Monitoring Contractor SQC/MPRD of soil due to equipment will be maintained requirement sites, an d c onstruction c amps before Cost Included C leakage/spillage and disposal location. commenc in EMoP

118

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision of oil, bituminous and r efueled i n such a f ashion ement of and non that oil/diesel spillage doe s not constructi bituminous debris contaminate the soil. on generated from • Fuel s torage and refueling s ites demolition and to be k ept aw ay f rom dr ainage road construction channels. • Unusable d ebris s hall be dumped in ditches and low lying areas. • To av oid s oil c ontamination Oil- Interceptors shall be provided at wash down and refueling areas. • Waste oil and o il soaked cotton/ cloth shall be s tored in containers l abeled ‘ Waste Oil’ and ‘Hazardous’ sold off to MoEF/SPCB authorized vendors • Non-bituminous wastes to be dumped in b orrow pi ts w ith t he concurrence of l andowner a nd covered w ith a layer o f t opsoil conserved from opening the pit. • Bituminous w astes w ill be disposed off in an identified dumping site approved by the State Pollution Control Board • Soil quality monitoring 6. Water Resources Sourcing of water • Requisite per mission s hall be - Throughout the Project section During Included i n Contractor SQC/MPRD during Construction obtained f or abstraction of Constructi construction C groundwater f rom C entral on stage cost Groundwater Authority • Arrangements shall b e m ade by contractor t hat t he w ater availability and supply to nearby communities remain unaffected.  Disposal of water • Provisions s hall be m ade t o Clause No. 1010 EP Throughout the Project section During Included i n Contractor SQC/MPRD during connect road side drains with Act 1986 MoSRTH Constructi construction C 119

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision Construction exiting near by po nds otherwise Specifications for on stage cost make pr ovision of w ater Road and Bridge harvesting pits intermittently. works  Alteration in • Existing drainage s ystem to be Design requirement, Near all drainage channels, river During Included i n Contractor SQC surface water maintained and further Clause No 501.8.6. crossings etc. Constructi construction hydrology due to enhanced. MoSRTH on stage cost embankment • Provision shall be m ade for Specifications for adequate size and number of Road and Bridge cross drainage structures esp. in the ar eas w here l and i s s loping towards road alignment. • Road level shall be raised above HFL level wherever road level is lesser than HFL.  Siltation in water • Embankment slopes to be Design requirement Near all river water bodies, such During Included i n Contractor SQC bodies due to modified suitably t o r estrict t he , as Chambal, Choti Kali Sindh, Constructi construction construction soil debris entering water bodies. Clause No 501.8.6. Kachal ri ver embankment on stage cost activities/ • Provision of Silt fencing shall be MoSRTH slopes. earthwork made at water bodies. Specifications for • Silt/sediment should be collected Road and Bridge and stockpiled for possible reuse works as s urfacing of slopes w here (CP and CP) they have to be re-vegetated. and worldwide best • Earthworks an d s tone w orks t o practices be pr evented f rom i mpeding natural f low of r ivers, s treams and w ater c anals or ex isting drainage system.  Deterioration in • No vehicles or equipment should The Water Water bodies, refueling stations, During Construction Contractor SQC Surface water be par ked or r efuelled n ear (Prevention and construction camps. Constructi cost quality due to water-bodies, so as to avoid Control of Pollution) on Stage leakage from contamination f rom f uel a nd Act, 197 4 and Monitoring cost vehicles and lubricants. amendments as i ndicated in equipments and • Oil and grease traps and fuelling thereof. EMoP waste from platforms t o be provided at re- construction fuelling locations. camps. • All c hemicals and oi l s hall be stored aw ay f rom w ater and

120

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision concreted platform w ith catchment pit for spills collection. • All equipment operators, drivers, and warehouse personnel will be trained in immediate response for s pill c ontainment and eventual cleanup. Readily available, simple t o und erstand and preferably written in the local language e mergency r esponse procedure, i ncluding r eporting, will be provided by the contractors • Construction camp to be sited away from water bodies. • Wastes must be collected, stored and t aken t o ap prove di sposal site only. • Water quality shall be monitored periodically. 7. Flora and Fauna  Vegetation loss • Minimize tree cutting to the Forest Conservation Throughout project corridor During the Indicated MPRDC SQC due to site extent possible. Act 1980 design above through preparation and • Roadside trees to be removed + and competent construction with prior approval of competent IRC SP: 21 and IRC Constructi authority activities and authority. SP:66 on stage Plantation Strategy • Compensatory pl antation at 1:7 basis and a dditional pl antation as per the IRC guidelines in consultation w ith F orest Department. • Regular maintenance of all trees planted. • Provision of LPG in construction camp as fuel source to avoid tree cutting, wherever possible. • Plantation of trees on both sides of t he r oad. Integrate v egetation 121

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision management ( IVM) with t he carriage way completely clear of vegetation. From the edge of the road t o t he bo undary of R OW, vegetation structured w ith smaller plants near the line and larger trees further away to avoid costly and pr ovide habitats for a wide v ariety of pl ants and animals. Additional pl antation near river banks to check erosion as part of compensatory plantation. • In t he event o f de sign c hanges during t he c onstruction stages additional assessments including the possibility to save trees shall be made by the EA. • Road side Plantation Strategy as per I RC s pecifications including manuring. • Control use of pesticides/fertilizers 8. Construction Camps  Impact associated • All c amps should m aintain Design Requirement All construction camps During Included i n Contractor and SQC with location minimum distance from Constructi construction EO following: on stage cost # 500 m from habitation # 1000 m f rom f orest ar eas where possible # 500 m from water bodies where possible # 500 m from through traffic route where possible • The av erage d istance be tween two camps should be 50 km

122

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  worker’s Health in • The location, layout and basic The Building and All construction camps During Part of the Contractor SQC construction facility provision of eac h labor Other C onstruction constructi Contract camp camp will be submitted to SQC workers ( Regulation on stage prior t o t heir c onstruction. T he of Employment and construction shall commence Conditions of only after approval of SQC. Service) A ct 1 996 • The contractor will maintain and necessary l iving a ccommodation The Water and ancillary facilities in (Prevention and functional and hygienic manner Control of Pollution) as approved by the EA. Act, 197 4 and • Adequate w ater and s anitary amendments latrines w ith septic t anks thereof attached to soak pits shall be provided. • Preventive m edical c are to be provided t o w orkers including a First-Aid k it t hat m ust be available in the camp. • Waste d isposal facilities s uch a s dust bins must be provided in the camps an d regular disposal of waste must be carried out . • The C ontractor w ill take a ll precautions to pr otect th e workers from insect and pest to reduce t he r isk t o hea lth. T his includes t he us e of i nsecticides which s hould c omply w ith l ocal regulations. • No al coholic l iquor or pr ohibited drugs w ill b e i mported t o, s ell, give, barter to the workers of host community. • Awareness r aising t o immigrant workers/local community on communicable and s exually transmitted diseases. 123

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision 8. Management of Construction Waste/Dismantled Debris  Selection of • Unproductive/wastelands s hall Design Requirement At all Dumping Sites Constructi Part of the Contractor. SQC Dumping Sites be selected for dumping sites. and M oSRTH on contract • Away from residential areas and guidelines water bodies • Dumping s ites hav e a dequate capacity equal to the amount of debris generated. • Public perception and consent from t he v illage P anchayats has to be ob tained be fore f inalizing the location.

124

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Reuse and • The existing bitumen surface disposal of shall be utilized f or pav ing of construction and cross roads, access roads, and dismantled waste paving works in construction sites a nd camps, t emporary traffic diversions, and haulage routes. • All excavated materials from roadway, s houlders, v erges, drains, cross drainage will be used f or ba ckfilling embankments, f illing pi ts, a nd landscaping. • Unusable debr is m aterial should be s uitably di sposed off a t p re- designated d isposal l ocations, with appr oval of t he c oncerned authority. The bituminous wastes shall be di sposed i n s ecure landfill sites only in environmentally accepted manner. F or r emoval o f debris, wastes and its disposal MOSRTH guidelines should be followed. • Unusable and surplus m aterials, as d etermined by t he P roject Engineer, w ill be r emoved a nd disposed off-site. 8. Accessibility, Traffic Management, Accident and Safety Risks  Design • Temporary t raffic di version s hall Throughout the pr oject c orridor During Project Contractor SQC requirement and be planned by the contractor and Design requirement especially at intersections. constructi preparation Traffic Planning approved by the ‘Engineer’. and on stage and During • The t raffic c ontrol pl ans s hall IRC SP:55 construction Construction contain details of diversions; cost Stage traffic safety arrangements during c onstruction; safety measures for nighttime traffic 125

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision and precautions f or transportation of hazardous materials. T raffic c ontrol pl ans shall be prepared in line with requirements of IRC’s SP 55 document’. • The C ontractor w ill en sure t hat the diversion/detour is a lways maintained i n running c ondition, particularly dur ing t he m onsoon to avoid disruption to traffic flow. • On s tretches w here i t i s not possible to pass the traffic on the part w idth of ex isting carriageway, temporary paved diversions will be constructed. • Restriction of c onstruction activity t o on ly one s ide of t he existing road. • The c ontractor shall inform l ocal community of c hanges t o t raffic routes, and p edestrian ac cess arrangements w ith as sistance from “Engineer”. • Use of adequate s ignages to ensure t raffic m anagement and safety. Conduct of regular safety audit on safety measures.  Pedestrians, • All m easures for t he s afety of Design requirement Near habitation on both sides of Included i n Contractor in SQC animal and traffic during c onstruction v iz. and schools, t emples, ho spitals, construction consultation Vehicular signs, markings, flags, lights and • IRC: S P: 2 7 - graveyards, c onstruction s ites, cost. with Forest movement, flagmen a s pr oposed i n t he 1984 R eport haulage r oads, di version s ites department Traffic C ontrol P lan/Drawings Containing (refer Table 5. 3. Some of the and MPRDC shall be taken. Recommendation specific locations are: Agar, s of IRC Regional • Temporary access and diversion, Workshops on Barod, Islamnagar, Tal, Alot and with proper drainage facilities. Highway Safety Jaora • Access t o t he schools, t emples • IRC:SP: 32 -1988 and other public places must be Road S afety f or maintained w hen c onstruction Children ( 5-12

126

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision takes place near them. Years Old) • Fencing w herever c attle • IRC:SP: 44 -1994 movement is expected. To avoid Highway S afety Code the need for cattle underpasses, • IRC: S P: 5 5 - some of the proposed culverts 2001 G uidelines `near hab itations may be for S afety i n widened to facilitate cattle Construction movement. Zones  Safety of Workers • Contractors to adopt and • The Building and Construction sites Constructi Included i n Obligation of SQC and accident risk maintain safe working practices. other on period construction Contractor from construction • Usage of fluorescent and Construction cost activities workers Act 1996 retroflectory signage, i n local and Cess Act of language at the construction 1996 sites • Factories Act • Training to w orkers on s afety 1948 procedures and precautions. • Mandatory appointment of safety officer. • All r egulations r egarding safe scaffolding, l adders, w orking platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and s afe means of entry and egress shall be complied with. • Provision of PPEs to workers. • Provision of a r eadily av ailable first ai d uni t i ncluding an adequate supply of dr essing materials. • The c ontractor w ill not em ploy any person below the age of 14 years for any work • Use of h azardous material should b e m inimized an d/or restricted. • Emergency plan (to be approved by engineer) shall be prepared to respond to any accidents or 127

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision emergencies. • Accident Prevention Officer must be appointed by the contractor.  Accident risk to • Restrict a ccess t o co nstruction Construction sites local community sites to authorized personnels • Physical separation must be provided for movement of vehicular and human traffic. • Adequate signages must be provided f or s afe t raffic movement 9. Common Property Resources and other Utilities  Utilities • All telephone and electrical Project requirement Throughout the corridor Before Included i n Contractor/SQ SQC poles/wires an d und erground Constructi construction / C cables should be shifted before on R and R cost. start of construction 10. Enhancement Measures  Environmental • Maintenance of tree Environmental Throughout the corridor Design Construction Contractor SQC enhancement plantations. Enhancement as and cost along the corridor • Enhancement/rehabilitation of part of pr oject Constructi borrow areas and c amp s ites requirement on Stage etc. 11. Contractor Demobilization

128

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Clean-up • Contractor w ill pr epare s ite Project requirement Throughout the Corridor and Immediate ---- Contractor SQC Operations, restoration pl ans, which will b e borrow areas ly a fter Restoration and approved by the ‘Engineer’. Constructi Rehabilitation The clean-up and restoration on operations ar e t o b e implemented by t he c ontractor prior to demobilization. • All construction zones including river-beds, culverts, road-side areas, c amps, ho t m ix pl ant sites, crushers, batching p lant sites and any other area used/affected by the project will be l eft c lean and tidy, at t he contractor's ex pense, t o t he satisfaction o f the Environmental officer. All t he opened borrow areas will be rehabilitated .and ‘Engineer’ will certify in this regard. B. Operation Stage 1. Climate and Air quality  Air pollution due • Roadside t ree p lantations s hall Environmental Throughout the Corridor Througho Indicated In SQC/contractor to due to be maintained. Protection Act, ut EMoP vehicular • Regular maintenance of the road 1986; The Air operation movement will be d one to e nsure g ood (Prevention and period surface condition Control of Pollution) • Vehicular ai r pollution will be Act, 1981 managed a nd m onitored a t t he toll plazas. • Ambient air quality monitoring. If monitored parameters are above the pr escribed l imit, s uitable control measures must be taken. • Technological and behavioral changes • Road s igns shall b e pr ovided reminding the motorist to 129

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision properly m aintain t heir v ehicles to ec onomize on f uel consumption and pr otect t he environment. 2. Noise Environment  Noise due to • Effective traffic management Noise P ollution Noise s ensitive locations as Througho Included in SQC movement of and good riding conditions shall (Regulation and given in Table 5.1 (chapter 5) ut additional traffic be m aintained t o r educe t he Control) R ules, operation plantation cost. noise level throughout the 2000 and period stretch and speed limitation and amendments honking restrictions may be thereof enforced near sensitive locations. • The effectiveness of the multilayered plantation should be m onitored and if nee d b e, solid noi se bar rier s hall b e placed. • Create awareness amongst the residents a bout l ikely noi se levels from road operation at different d istances, t he safe ambient no ise l imits a nd ea sy to implement noise reduction measures w hile c onstructing a building close to the road.

3. Land and Soil  Soil erosion at • Periodic checking to be carried Project requirement At bridge locations specifically at Througho Included in SQC embankment to as sess t he ef fectiveness of Chambal, C hoti K ali S indh, ut Operation/ during heavy the s tabilization m easures v iz. Kachal r iver and embankment operation Maintenance rain fall. turfing, stone p itching, r iver slopes and ot her probable s oil period cost training structures etc. erosion areas. • Necessary m easures t o b e followed w herever t here ar e failures 4. Water Resources

130

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Contamination of • Monitoring of surface water Near surface Water bodies surface water bodies specifically a t C hambal, C hoti Indicated in quality due to Kali Sindh, Kachal river EMoP leakage of oil  Siltation • Regular visual checks shall be made to observe any incidence of bl ockage o f dr ains/culverts. Regular checks shall be made for s oil er osion and t urfing conditions of r iver t raining structures fo r its e ffective maintenance.  Water logging • Regular checks s hall be d one Throughout the corridor due to blockage along t he al ignment t o en sure of streams that flow of water is maintained through c ross dr ains and o ther channels/streams. • Monitoring of w ater bor ne diseases due to stagnant water bodies  Protection of • Immediate removal of deposited Project requirement Identified Flood prone areas During Operation and SQC Embankment in silt f rom dr ainage channels a nd whole Maintenance Flood prone out-let poi nts. R ejuvenation of operation Cost Areas the drainage system by removing stage encroachments/ congestions. This s hall be don e i n c lose coordination w ith c oncerned department. • Long term strategy to be w orked out with water resources, agriculture, soil and other department. 5. Flora and Fauna 131

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Vegetation • Planted trees, shrubs, and Forest Conservation Throughout project section During Indicated in SQC grasses to be properly Act 1980 whole Monitoring cost maintained. operation in EMoP • The t ree s urvivalist a udit t o b e period conducted at least once in a year to assess the effectiveness • Maintenance of b ox c ulverts, wherever provided. 6. Flooding/ inundation  Road inundation • MPRDC will ens ure t hat al l Project operation Throughout t he s tretch During Overall SQC due to choking of drains (side drains and all cross requirement particularly in rolling topography whole Operation cost drainage drainages) are per iodically section operation channels cleared e specially be fore period monsoon season to facilitate the qu ick pa ssage of rainwater and avoid flooding. 7. Right-of-Way Maintenance  Accident Risk due • Efforts s hall be made t o m ake Project requirement Throughout the Project route During Included in SQC to uncontrolled shoulder completely clear of whole operation/ growth of vegetation. operation Maintenance vegetation • Regular maintenance of period. cost plantation along the roadside • Invasive plant not to be planted near the road. 8. Accidents and Safety  Accident risks • Traffic c ontrol m easures, IRC:SP:55 Throughout the Project route During Included in SQC associated with including s peed limits, will be whole operation/ traffic movement. enforced strictly. operation Maintenance • Further e ncroachment a nd period. cost squatting within the ROW will be prevented. • No s chool or ho spital w ill be allowed to be es tablished within 100 m of t he h ighway w ithout permission f rom t he pl anning authorities.

132

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision • Monitor/ensure t hat a ll safety provisions included in design and construction p hase ar e properly maintained • Highway pat rol un it(s) f or r ound the c lock pa trolling. P hone booths f or ac cidental r eporting and ambulance s ervices w ith minimum response time for rescue of any accident victims, if possible. • Tow-away f acility f or t he br eak down vehicles if possible. • Coordination with operating agency of i ntersecting N ational Highways t o h ave c ommon facilities and share the costs as appropriate if possible.  Transport of • Preparation of spill prevention Throughout the project stretch Included in SQC Dangerous and c ontrol and em ergency operation/ Goods preparedness and responsive Maintenance plans based on an ana lysis of cost. hazards, i mplementation of presentation and c ontrol measures. • Emergency plan for vehicles carrying hazardous material 9. Monitoring Operation Performance  Monitoring • The M PRDC will monitor the Throughout the corridor Included in SQC Operation operational performance of the EMoP Performance various mitigation/ enhancement measures carried out as a part of the project • The i ndicators s elected for monitoring i nclude t he s urvival rate o f tr ees; u tility o f enhancement provision, status of rehabilitation of borrow areas, Air 133

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision quality, w ater qu ality, no ise levels, s oil quality, dr ainage pattern, etc. EA: Executing Agency, MPRDC: Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation, SQC: Supervision Quality Controller, EO: Environmental Officer, IRC: Indian Road Congress

134

APPENDIX 7.2: Monitoring Plan for the Performance Indicators Env. Project Frequency Approximate Indicator Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Standards Implementation Supervision Stage and Duration cost (Rs) s High v olume s ampler Hot mix plants, stone crushers to be l ocated 50 m 24 hr Contractor and construction/ earthwork Construction from t he pl ant i n t he continuous, 6x5000x3x3 through approved sites and as suggested by NAAQS SQC stage downwind direction. 3/year for 3 =Rs. 2,70,000 monitoring SQC Use method specified years agency SPM, (Total 6 Locations) by CPCB for analysis Air RSPM, SO2, High v olume s ampler Quality NOX, CO, to be l ocated 50 m Major R oad I ntersections and 24 hr SQC through HC from the selected 6X5000x3X1 Operation Residential area continuous, approved locations i n t he NAAQS =Rs 90,000 SQC stage (6 Locations) 3/year for 1 monitoring downwind direction. year agency Use method specified by CPCB for analysis Groundwater at C onstruction Camps/site and Surface water Ground at and downstream of river Contractor Construction water: (IS: Chambal, Choti Kalisindh and 3/year for 3 6x 4000x3X3 through approved CPCB SQC stage 10500:1991) Kachal and any l arge pon d years =Rs 216, 000 monitoring and Grab s ample c ollected located close to the alignment agency Surface from s ource and being us ed by l ocal water for analyze as per Water Class D and community. Quality Standard Methods for Class E as Groundwater at 2 locations and Prescribed Examination of Water by CPCB and Wastewater Surface water sample of river EO through and for Chambal, Choti Kalisindh and Operation 3/year for 1 6X3x4000 approved Kachal (downstream of bridge CPCB SQC stage vector borne year =Rs 72, 000 monitoring diseases Location) and s tagnant water agency bodies dev eloped du e t o borrow areas Once during Guidelines Siltation Visual Checks f or pr esence of All ri vers/streams/drainage rainy seasons Routine work from water in Water Construction construction de bris/waste and channels a nd major w ater of the of Engineering Contractor SQC resources Bodies bodies along the stretch construction Team blockade of drainage channels department period. 135

Env. Project Frequency Approximate Indicator Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Standards Implementation Supervision Stage and Duration cost (Rs) s Guidelines EO, with support Once during Routine work from water of Water Operation operation of of Engineering SQC st resources Resource 1 year Team department Department Construction sites, major road Free field at 1 m from intersections and 1 each at 24 hr 10x1500x3x3 Construction the eq uipment w hose residential, c ommercial an d continuous, =Rs. 1,35,000 SQC SQC stage noise levels are being sensitive l ocations al ong t he 3*/year for 3 Equivalent determined. alignment. years Noise levels Noise (10 Locations) on dB (A) MoEF levels Equivalent Noise scale for day levels u sing an Near residential, commercial and night Operation integrated noi se level and silence zone. 3 / year for 1 6x3000x3X1 SQC SQC stage meter kept a t a (6 Locations) year =Rs 54, 000 distance of 15 m from edge of Pavement NPK (ICAR standard ) Once during CPCB and Construction and heavy agricultural l and an d H MP whole NPK as per 12,000 SQC SQC Stage metals for sites construction ICAR Soil dredging stage standard Quality sites At o il s pillage lo cations a nd Once for the Operation Oil and As specified by the other pr obable s oil first year of CPCB 12,000 SQC SQC stage grease site eng ineer contamination location operation MPRDC/SQC Part of routine Construction Visual action of After first rain Contractor MPRDC Stage Visual check Throughout the project Checks engineering Soil for Soil corridor es pecially at R iver team Erosion erosion and banks, br idge l ocations Part of routine Once during Operation siltation structures Visual action of operation of Engineering Team of MPRDC Stage st Checks engineering 1 year team Throughout the P roject Part of routine Drainage Once in a Construction Corridor especially at probable None action of Contractor’s Congesti Visual Checks year before SQC stage drainage congestion areas as Specific engineering Engineering Team on rainy season described in IEE team

136

Env. Project Frequency Approximate Indicator Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Standards Implementation Supervision Stage and Duration cost (Rs) s Once in a Part of routine Operation year before None action of MPRDC Engineering Team Stage rainy season Specific engineering for 3 yrs team IRC guidelines Identification of and Best Contractor with Construction Visual Once in a borrow areas as per Borrow areas to be operated Practices approval from SQC Stage Checks month IEE for Borrow MPRDC Borrow Part of the area Areas Contract operation Borrow Operation Visual Rehabilitation as Quarterly for 1 Area Closed Borrow Areas MPRDC Stage Checks recommended in IEE year rehabilitatio n Plan Storage Area, Construct Construction IRC Quarterly ion Sites for guidelines Part of the Contractor with Construction Rapid a udit as p er during Sites and Hygiene, Construction Sites and Camp and to the regular approval from SQC stage reporting format construction Labour drainage satisfaction monitoring E.O., MPRDC period Camp Medical of SQC Facilities Etc. During site Surveillance m onitoring of t rees Construction Throughout t he P roject clearance in felling SQC/Local Forest Departments Stage Section construction As phase Included in Tree suggested overall The Engineer will be responsible Plantatio by Forest plantation Cost for monitoring upto the Defect n Operation Audit for survival rate of trees Throughout t he P roject Once in a Dept. Liability Period in any particular stage plantation Section year for years stretch. After this period the SQC will be responsible for monitoring Monitoring Costs: INR 0.86 Million MPRDC – Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation Limited, EO: Environmental Officer, SQC-Supervision Quality Controller; IS - India standard; NOx - Nitrogen Oxide; Pb - Plumbum, (lead); RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter; SO2 - Sulfur Dioxide; SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter, HC- Hydrocarbon, CO- Carbon monoxide