Taming the Dragon - Dalmatia 2002
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Taming the Dragon - Dalmatia 2002 Index Exercise "Taming the Dragon - Dalmatia 2002" General outline Exercise aims and objectives Exercise area Intro Exercise scenario Press Advisory 7 May 2002 14 May 2002 Exercise "Taming the Dragon - Dalmatia 2002" Field Exercise "Taming the dragon - Dalmatia 2002" is a Croatian contribution to the Partnership Work Programme (PWP). The exercise will be primarily conducted as a PWP Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC) and Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Unit (EADRU) activity. It will also involve other existing networks and organizations such as the Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Initiative (DPPI) of the Stability Pact, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) and the South East Europe Group (SEEGROUP). The scenario for the field exercise is developed on "wild fires", which is one of the risks common to all countries of South East Europe and adjacent countries. Therefore, the exercise builds upon experiences and lessons learnt by Croatia, other countries of the Region, and the EADRCC during wild fires in previous years. The exercise will be conducted in the area between the cities of Trogir, Ploce, Imotski and Sinj in the Southern coastal part of Croatia. and mainly in the city of Makarska. It will be conducted from 21 to 24 May 2002, prior to the "wild fire season". Exercise general outline The exercise has attracted a large number of participants. At this stage there are 19 countries, including the host nation, participating with teams of staff officers. Another 3-5 countries will participate with observers. All the countries in the Balkan area will be there, either with teams or with observers. Altogether there will be: * 650 people from Croatia forming around 60 teams * 450 people from assisting nations, around 50 teams * 250 Vehicles * 6 Aircraft * 8 Helicopters * 1 Ship * 10 Boats Teams participating in the exercise are expected to arrive on 21 May 2002 before 16.00 to receive information and prepare for the actual exercise. On 22 and 23 May 2002, a full-scale field exercise will be conducted (22 May from 05.00 until 17.00; on 23 May 2002 from 05.00 until 14.00). In addition, on 24 May 2002, a joint demonstration will be conducted in Basko Polje near Makarska, at the foot of the Biokovo Mountain. Exercise aims and objectives Exercise Aim The aim of Exercise "Taming the Dragon - Dalmatia 2002" is to practice Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC) procedures and Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Unit (EADRU) capabilities in order to improve the EAPC and other South East European countries' ability to respond to a disaster. Exercise Objectives The objectives for this field exercise include: * Regional Cooperation among neighbouring countries; * Deployment of various civil or military disaster response elements within the stricken nation; * Reception and host nation support for civil or military disaster response elements; * Coordination and communication of the Croatian Local Emergency Management Authority (LEMA) with national and international disaster relief elements; * Cooperation between international disaster response elements and Croatian disaster relief elements; * Cooperation with UN-OCHA; * Fire-fighting, search and rescue, mountain rescue, water rescue, evacuation of affected population and medical evacuation; * Interoperability of communication procedures; * Training of Croatian LEMA and liaison officers from participating National Elements; * Logistic support of National Elements of an EADRU during operations; and * Public information during disasters. Exercise sites Lead-in scenario and Startex situation In the early hours of 19 May 2002, sudden thunderstorms without rain but with strong south-east winds set the vegetation ablaze in various locations between the cities of Makarska and Basˇka Voda, north of the Adriatic highway. Due to long periods of drought, the fires - carried by the strong wind and facilitated by the vegetation and terrain characteristics - spread very rapidly towards Basˇka Voda with the risk of merging into one big fire. Most of the fires move towards Basˇka Voda and the villages located at the foot of the Biokovo Mountain, producing a minor fire front towards Makarska. After six hours, the wind direction changes and a strong north-western wind starts to blow, carrying the fires towards Makarska, the villages on the steep slopes of Biokovo, the Adriatic highway and the sea. The villages that are immediately endangered by the fire are Andrijasˇevici (on the northern side of the Adriatic highway), Promajna (on the coast), "Djecje selo" (a holiday and health resort), Basˇko Polje (a campsite and holiday resort), as well as a few villages on the Biokovo slopes. After the change of the wind direction, the villages of Turnici, Gojaci, Puharici, Batinici, Sv. Ivan, Makar, Mlinice, north of Makarska, are endangered. The high-voltage power transmission lines have to be disconnected leaving the whole area without power supply . In addition, the water supply for a large part of the region is interrupted. The population in the affected area, including the Basˇka Voda municipality and the city of Makarska, is 15,900 people. The Basˇka Voda holiday resort accommodates 250 guests, while twenty-nine families (112 persons) are also staying in the campsite. The fires cross the Adriatic Highway and pose an immediate threat to the inhabitants of Andrijasˇevici and Promajna, as well as to the guests of the hotels in Krvavice holiday resort, the Basˇko Polje campsite and the patients of the "Djecje selo" health resort. They have to be evacuated by sea with the assistance of the Croatian Navy. The Civil Protection Service of the Police Administration of Split-Dalmatia, in cooperation with the Social Care Centre and the Red Cross, have temporarily provided accomodation for these people in hotels in Basˇka Voda. The traffic on the Adriatic highway is interrupted at the village of Andrijasˇevici; from the south, it is redirected from Brela via Sˇestanovci, to Imotski; and from the north, it is also redirected to Imotski from Makarska. Local traffic from the northern entrance into Makarska to Basˇka Voda is also interrupted. In addition to the forest, the dense underbrush and agricultural areas near the villages are now on fire. There are many vineyards, olive-groves, fig-orchards and horticultural plants in the gardens near the villages that catch fire making es fire-fighting more difficult. Immediately after the outbreak of the fires, the voluntary fire-fighting brigades from the Makarska Riviera start operating. However, as the fire continues to spread the Public Fire Brigade of Split and other voluntary fire brigades from Split-Dalmatia County join in to help. The Fire-fighting Air Force and the Fire- fighting Intervention Force of the Ministry of Interior accompany them. As a consequence of the long drought, a large number of wild fires are ablaze in the coastal area of Istra, Sˇibnik-Knin, Split-Dalmatia and Dubrovnik-Neretva. This necessitates deploying all existing national fire- fighting capabilities, consequently the Republic of Croatia requests international assistance. A request is sent to neighbouring states, especially to those that have signed bilateral agreements on cooperation in protection and rescue; member states of the SEECMEP and to NATO/PfP countries through the EADRCC. The requirements for assistance are land and air fire-fighting forces, mountain rescue, search and rescue, water rescue, equipment for the provision of drinkable water, and first aid equipment. The Ministry of Health uses the capabilities of the Split Clinical Hospital (Firule) to organize two mobile medical teams and to establish a field hospital near Basˇko Polje. The mobile teams are used for triage and first aid to possible casualties from the area between Brela and Ploce. Other medical institutions are in a state of preparedness, for a large number of casualties that might occur among fire fighters and inhabitants of the coastal area. On 19 May 2002, the fire in the area of Basˇko Polje is partially under control and the Local Emergency Management Authority (LEMA) requests that specialised units of the Croatian Army participate in the fire- fighting. In some areas the fire has crossed the fire-fighting line and it is necessary to introduce additional forces and to replace those that had already been deployed. Fire-fighters from other parts of the country and members of the intervention fire-fighting units of the Civil Defence are engaged for that purpose. At the morning of 20 May 2002, the fire in the area of Basˇko Polje is not under control and is approaching the outskirts of populated villages. During 21 May 2002, international teams arrive and the LEMA takes stock of national and international resources available for intervention. EXERCISE SCENARIO During 21 May 2002, the major task of the national forces is to get the fire near Brela under control. At the same time, the action plan for the use of international teams in being prepared by the LEMA. In addition, with the assistance of the Liaison Officers from the teams participating in the EADRU, the capabilities for intervention and the equipment of individual national teams are assessed. Also communication matters and the deployment of teams are organised. In the early morning of 22 May 2002, the international fire- fighting and rescue teams are ready to be activated. During the night of 21 to 22 May 2002, the situation near Cista Velika becomes worse and the local fire- fighting forces assisted by the fire-fighting units of the Police Administration Split-Dalmatia can no longer cope with the situation. The assistance of the EADRU is requested. On 22 May 2002 at 09.00, international teams are sent from their campsite in Basˇko Polje to the fire site north of Cista Velika, to carry out the requested tasks. Around 14.30, the fires are under control, and as of 15.30, the control over the burnt area is taken over by the Croatian forces, the international forces return to their base.