Butte Sink, Willow Creek-Lurline, and North

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Butte Sink, Willow Creek-Lurline, and North U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Butte Sink, Willow Creek-Lurline, and North Central Valley Wildlife Management Areas Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment June 2015 Disclaimer CCPs provide long term guidance for management decisions and set forth goals, objectives, and strategies needed to accomplish refuge purposes and identify the Service’s best estimate of future needs. These plans detail program planning levels that are sometimes substantially above current budget allocations and, as such, are primarily for Service strategic planning and program prioritization purposes. The plans do not constitute a commitment for staffing increases, operational and maintenance increases, or funding for future land acquisition. Butte Sink, Willow Creek-Lurline, and North Central Valley Wildlife Management Areas Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment Prepared By: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Southwest Region Refuges - Natural Resources Division 2800 Cottage Way Sacramento, California 95825-1846 and Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex 752 County Road 99W Willows, California 95988 June 2015 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ xi Chapter 1� Introduction and Background ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1 1. Introduction ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1 2. Need for this CCP ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 3. Legal and Policy Guidance ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 3.1 National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act ...............................................................3 3.2 Appropriate Use Policy ................................................................................................................4 3.3 Compatibility Policy .....................................................................................................................4 3.4 Biological Integrity, Diversity and Environmental Health Policy .........................................5 4. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 5. The National Wildlife Refuge System �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 6. The Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex �������������������������������������������������������������������������6 7. Wildlife Management Areas ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 8. Butte Sink WMA ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������8 9. Willow Creek-Lurline WMA �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 10. North Central Valley WMA ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 11. WMA Purposes �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 11.1 Butte Sink WMA ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 11.2 Willow Creek-Lurline WMA �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 11.3 North Central Valley WMA �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 12. Vision Statement ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������15 13. Existing and New Partnerships ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������15 13.1 Central Valley Joint Venture �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������16 14. Geographic Setting ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������16 14.1 Wilderness Review ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������16 Chapter 2� The Planning Process�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������19 1. Introduction �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������19 2. The Planning Process ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������19 3. Planning Hierarchy ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������20 4. The Planning Team �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������20 5. Pre-Planning �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������20 6. Public Involvement in Planning ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������21 7. Public Outreach �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������21 8. Issues, Concerns, and Opportunities �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������22 9. Development of the Refuge Vision �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������23 10. Determining the Refuge Goals, Objectives, and Strategies ...........................................................23 10.1 Goals ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������23 10.2 Interim Refuge Goals �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������23 10.3 Objectives, Rationale, and Strategies ......................................................................................23 11. Development of the Refuge Management Alternatives ..................................................................24 12. Plan Implementation ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������24 June 2015 Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan v Table of Contents Chapter 3� The Refuge Environment ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������25 1. Wildlife Management Area Descriptions ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������25 1.1 Butte Sink WMA .........................................................................................................................25 1.1.1 Butte Sink Unit ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������25 1.2 Willow Creek-Lurline WMA .....................................................................................................25 1.3 North Central Valley WMA .......................................................................................................27 1.3.1 Llano Seco Unit �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������27 2. Ecosystem Setting ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������28 2.1 Butte Sink WMA Ecosystem ....................................................................................................33 2.2 Willow Creek-Lurline WMA Ecosystem .................................................................................34 2.3 North Central Valley WMA Ecosystem ..................................................................................34 3. Physical Environment ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������35 3.1 Climate and Air Quality .............................................................................................................35 3.1.1 Climate ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������35 3.1.2 Climate Change �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������36 3.1.3 Air Quality ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������36 3.2 Water Supply ...............................................................................................................................37 3.2.1 Butte Sink WMA �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������37 3.2.1.1 Butte Sink Unit .............................................................................................38
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