4.9 Biological Resources
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Egg-Mimics of Streptanthus (Cruciferae) Deter Oviposition by Pieris Sisymbrii (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Oecologia (Berl) (1981) 48:142-143 Oecologia Springer-Verlag 198l Short Communication Egg-Mimics of Streptanthus (Cruciferae) Deter Oviposition by Pieris sisymbrii (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) Arthur M. Shapiro Department of Zoology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA Summary. Streptanthus breweri, a serpentine-soil annual mus- appear to decrease the attractiveness of mature S. glandulosus tard, produces pigmented callosities on its upper leaves which to ovipositing females (Shapiro, in press). are thought to mimic the eggs of the Pierid butterfly Pieris The efficacy of the suspected egg-mimics of S. breweri was sisymbrii. P. sisymbrii is one of several inflorescence - infructes- tested afield at Turtle Rock, Napa County, California (North cence-feeding Pierids which assess egg load visually on individual Coast Ranges). The site is an almost unvegetated, steep serpen- host plants prior to ovipositing. Removal of the "egg-mimics" tine talus slope with a S to SW exposure. S. breweri is the domi- from S. breweri plants in situ significantly increases the probabili- nant Crucifer (S. glandulosus also occurs) and P. sisymbrii the ty of an oviposition relative to similar, intact plants. dominant Pierid (Anthocharis sara Lucas and Euchloe hyantis Edw., both Euchloines, are present). On 10 April 1980 I prepared two lists of 50 numbers from a random numbers table. On 11 April, 100 plants of S. breweri "Egg-load assessment" occurs when a female insect's choice in the appropriate phenophase (elongating/budding, bearing egg- to oviposit or not on a given substrate is influenced by whether mimics) were numbered and tagged. Each was measured, its or not eggs (con or heterospecific) are present. -
Macroevolutionary Patterns of Glucosinolate Defense and Tests of Defense-Escalation and Resource Availability Hypotheses
Research Macroevolutionary patterns of glucosinolate defense and tests of defense-escalation and resource availability hypotheses N. Ivalu Cacho1,2, Daniel J. Kliebenstein3,4 and Sharon Y. Strauss1 1Center for Population Biology, and Department of Evolution of Ecology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; 2Instituto de Biologıa, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico; 3Department of Plant Sciences, University of California. One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; 4DynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark Summary Author for correspondence: We explored macroevolutionary patterns of plant chemical defense in Streptanthus (Brassi- N. Ivalu Cacho caceae), tested for evolutionary escalation of defense, as predicted by Ehrlich and Raven’s Tel: +1 530 304 5391 plant–herbivore coevolutionary arms-race hypothesis, and tested whether species inhabiting Email: [email protected] low-resource or harsh environments invest more in defense, as predicted by the resource Received: 13 April 2015 availability hypothesis (RAH). Accepted: 8 June 2015 We conducted phylogenetically explicit analyses using glucosinolate profiles, soil nutrient analyses, and microhabitat bareness estimates across 30 species of Streptanthus inhabiting New Phytologist (2015) 208: 915–927 varied environments and soils. doi: 10.1111/nph.13561 We found weak to moderate phylogenetic signal in glucosinolate classes -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 182 / Friday, September 19, 1997 / Proposed Rules
49398 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 182 / Friday, September 19, 1997 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR time. The information on candidate taxa Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New will be revised and updated continually Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Fish and Wildlife Service by the Regional Offices identified as Island, Vermont, Virginia, and West having lead responsibility for the Virginia. 50 CFR Part 17 particular taxa. The Service anticipates Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 300 Westgate Center Endangered and Threatened Wildlife publishing annually an update of the Drive, Hadley, Massachusetts 01035± and Plants; Review of Plant and candidate notice of review, annual notice of findings on recycled petitions, 9589 (413/253±8615). Animal Taxa That Are Candidates or Region 6. Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Proposed for Listing as Endangered or and annual description of progress on listing actions. Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Threatened, Annual Notice of Findings Utah, and Wyoming. on Recycled Petitions, and Annual ADDRESSES: Interested persons or organizations should submit comments Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Description of Progress on Listing Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 25486, Actions regarding a particular taxon to the Regional Director of the Region Denver Federal Center, Denver, AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, identified as having the lead Colorado 80225±0486 (303/236±7398). Interior. responsibility for that taxon. Comments Region 7. Alaska. Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and ACTION: Notice of review. of a more general nature may be Wildlife Service, 1011 East Tudor Road, submitted to the Chief, Division of Anchorage, Alaska 99503±6199 (907/ SUMMARY: In this document, the Fish Endangered Species, U.S. -
Streptanthus Morrisonii</Em&G
Butler University Digital Commons @ Butler University Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS College of Liberal Arts & Sciences 1989 Taxonomy of Streptanthus sect. Biennes, the Streptanthus morrisonii complex (Brassicaceae) Rebecca W. Dolan Butler University, [email protected] Lawrence F. LaPre Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/facsch_papers Part of the Botany Commons, and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Dolan, Rebecca W. and LaPre, Lawrence F., "Taxonomy of Streptanthus sect. Biennes, the Streptanthus morrisonii complex (Brassicaceae)" Madroño / (1989): 33-40. Available at https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/facsch_papers/45 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences at Digital Commons @ Butler University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Butler University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Permission to post this publication in our archive was granted by the copyright holder, Berkeley, California Botanical Society, 1916- (http://www.calbotsoc.org/madrono.html). This copy should be used for educational and research purposes only. The original publication appeared at: Dolan, R.W. and L.F. LaPre'. 1989. Taxonomy of Streptanthus sect. Biennes, the Streptanthus morrisonii complex. (Brassicaceae). Madroño 36:33-40. DOI: not available TAXONOMY OF STREPTANTHUS SECT. BIENNES, THE STREPTANTHUS MORRISONll COMPLEX (BRASSICACEAE) REBECCA W. DOLAN Holcomb Research Institute and Biological Sciences Department, Butler University, 4600 Sunset Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46208 LAWRENCE F. LAPRE Tierra Madre Consultants, 4178 Chestnut Street, Riverside, CA 92501 ABSTRACT The S/reptanthus morrisonii complex is a six-taxon group of closely related ser pentine rock outcrop endemics from Lake, Napa, and Sonoma counties ofCalifornia, USA. -
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks. -
Sierra Nevada Framework FEIS Chapter 3
table of contrents Sierra Nevada Forest Plan Amendment – Part 4.6 4.6. Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Fungi4.6. Fungi Introduction Part 3.1 of this chapter describes landscape-scale vegetation patterns. Part 3.2 describes the vegetative structure, function, and composition of old forest ecosystems, while Part 3.3 describes hardwood ecosystems and Part 3.4 describes aquatic, riparian, and meadow ecosystems. This part focuses on botanical diversity in the Sierra Nevada, beginning with an overview of botanical resources and then presenting a more detailed analysis of the rarest elements of the flora, the threatened, endangered, and sensitive (TES) plants. The bryophytes (mosses and liverworts), lichens, and fungi of the Sierra have been little studied in comparison to the vascular flora. In the Pacific Northwest, studies of these groups have received increased attention due to the President’s Northwest Forest Plan. New and valuable scientific data is being revealed, some of which may apply to species in the Sierra Nevada. This section presents an overview of the vascular plant flora, followed by summaries of what is generally known about bryophytes, lichens, and fungi in the Sierra Nevada. Environmental Consequences of the alternatives are only analyzed for the Threatened, Endangered, and Sensitive plants, which include vascular plants, several bryophytes, and one species of lichen. 4.6.1. Vascular plants4.6.1. plants The diversity of topography, geology, and elevation in the Sierra Nevada combine to create a remarkably diverse flora (see Section 3.1 for an overview of landscape patterns and vegetation dynamics in the Sierra Nevada). More than half of the approximately 5,000 native vascular plant species in California occur in the Sierra Nevada, despite the fact that the range contains less than 20 percent of the state’s land base (Shevock 1996). -
Rare and Endemic Plants of Lake County • Serpentine Soil Habitats
OFF_,, C-E COP'-f RARE AND ENDEMIC PLANTS OF LAKE COUNTY • SERPENTINE SOIL HABITATS by Niall F. McCarten Department of Botany • University of California Berkeley, California for • EndangeredPlantProgram California Department of Fish and Game Sacramento, California • RARE AND ENDEMIC PLANTS OF LAKE COUNTY SERPENTINE SOIL HABITATS Prepared by Niall F. McCarten • Departmentof Botany University of California Berkeley, California 94720 • Prepared for Endangered Plant Project California Department of Fish and Game 1416 Ninth Street, Room 1225 • Sacramento, California 95814 Funded by • California Department of Fish and Game Tax Check-off Funds Contract No. C-2037 June 15, 1988 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ....................................... ii LIST OF FIGURES ..................................... iii ABSTRACT .......................................... iv INTRODUCTION ...................................... 1 METHODS ......................................... 1 RESULTS ......................................... 2 Rare Plants .................................. 2 Floristics .................................. 5 Plant Communities ............................ 8 Serpentine soils and geology ................... Ii DISCUSSION .......................................... 17 Plant and serpentine soil ecology .............. 17 • Genetics of Serpentine Soil Adaptation ........... 19 Rare Plant Adaptation to Serpentine Soil ......... 19 CONCLUSIONS ............................................. 20 • Causes of Plant Rarity ............................. 21 -
Terr–3 Special-Status Plant Populations
TERR–3 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT POPULATIONS 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY During 2001 and 2002, the review of existing information, agency consultation, vegetation community mapping, and focused special-status plant surveys were completed. Based on California Native Plant Society’s (CNPS) Electronic Inventory of Rare and Endangered Vascular Plants of California (CNPS 2001a), CDFG’s Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB; CDFG 2003), USDA-FS Regional Forester’s List of Sensitive Plant and Animal Species for Region 5 (USDA-FS 1998), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species List (USFWS 2003), and Sierra National Forest (SNF) Sensitive Plant List (Clines 2002), there were 100 special-status plant species initially identified as potentially occurring within the Study Area. Known occurrences of these species were mapped. Vegetation communities were evaluated to locate areas that could potentially support special-status plant species. Each community was determined to have the potential to support at least one special-status plant species. During the spring and summer of 2002, special-status plant surveys were conducted. For each special-status plant species or population identified, a CNDDB form was completed, and photographs were taken. The locations were mapped and incorporated into a confidential GIS database. Vascular plant species observed during surveys were recorded. No state or federally listed special-status plant species were identified during special- status plant surveys. Seven special-status plant species, totaling 60 populations, were identified during surveys. There were 22 populations of Mono Hot Springs evening-primrose (Camissonia sierrae ssp. alticola) identified. Two populations are located near Mammoth Pool, one at Bear Forebay, and the rest are in the Florence Lake area. -
4.9 Biological Resources
METROPOLITAN BAKERSFIELD METROPOLITAN BAKERSFIELD GENERAL PLAN UPDATE EIR 4.9 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES The purpose of this Section is to identify existing biological resources within the Metropolitan Bakersfield area. In addition, this Section provides an assessment of biological resources (including sensitive species) impacts that may result from implementation of the General Plan Update references General Plan goals and policies, and, where necessary, recommends mitigation measures to reduce the significance of impacts. This Section describes the biological character of the site in terms of vegetation, flora, wildlife, and wildlife habitats and analyzes the biological significance of the site in view of Federal, State and local laws and policies. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The study area for the Metropolitan Bakersfield General Plan Update encompasses 408 square miles of the southern portion of the San Joaquin Valley, the southernmost basin of the Central Valley of California. Prior to industrial, agricultural and urban development, the San Joaquin Valley comprised a variety of ecological communities. Runoff from the surrounding mountains fostered hardwood and riparian forests, marshes and grassland communities. Away from the influence of the mountain runoff, several distinct dryland communities of grasses and shrubs developed along gradients of rainfall, soil texture and soil alkalinity, providing a mosaic of habitats for the assemblage of endemic plants and animals. Agriculture, urban development and oil/gas extraction have resulted in many changes in the natural environment of the San Joaquin Valley. For example, lakes and wetlands in the delta area have been drained and diverted, native plant and animal species have been lost and a decrease in the acreage of native lands has occurred. -
Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species Account CALIFORNIA JEWELFLOWER Caulanthus californicus CLASSIFICATION: Endangered Federal Register 55:29361; July 19, 1990 http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/federal_register/fr1729.pdf (3.5 MB) STATE LISTING STATUS AND CNPS CODE: This species was listed as endangered by the California Department of Fish and Game in January 1987. The California Native Plant Society has placed it on List 1B (rare or endangered throughout its range). CRITICAL HABITAT : None designated RECOVERY PLAN : Recovery Plan for Upland Species of the San Joaquin Valley, California 1998 http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery_plan/980930a.pdf 5-YEAR REVIEW : Initiated 2006 California Jewelflower http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/federal_register/fr5047.pdf Rosalie Faubion U.S. Bureau of Reclamation DESCRIPTION: California jewelflower, is an annual herb in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). Erect, hairless stems, which are usually branching, range from less than 10 centimeters (4 inches) to more than 50 centimeters (20 inches) tall. They produce several flowering branches. The leaves are wavy-margined and most are in a basal rosette. Upper leaves are egg-shaped and clasp the stem, unlike the leaves at the base of the plant, California Jewelflower Habitat © 2009 Dr. Dean W. Taylor which are oblong. Maroon buds clustered at the tip Jepson Herbarium of the stem contrast with translucent, white flowers below. Seeds begin to germinate in the fall, and seedlings may continue to emerge for several months. The seedlings develop into rosettes of leaves during winter months, after which stems elongate and flower buds appear in February or March, blooming as late as May if rainfall and temperatures are favorable. -
Table of Contents Page
BIOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY FOR WOODVILLE PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT’S WATER WELL REPLACEMENT PROJECT ( NEAR WOODVILLE, TULARE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA ) Prepared for Woodville Public Utility District P.O. Box 4567 16716 Avenue 168 Woodville, CA 93258 (559) 686-9649 September 2019 Prepared by HALSTEAD & ASSOCIATES Environmental / Biological Consultants 296 Burgan Avenue, Clovis, CA 93611 Office (559) 298-2334; Mobile (559) 970-2875 Fax (559) 322-0769; [email protected] Table of Contents Page 1. Summary ..............................................................................................................................1 2. Background ..........................................................................................................................2 3. Project Location ...................................................................................................................2 4. Project Description...............................................................................................................2 5. Project Site Description .......................................................................................................2 6. Regulatory Overview ...........................................................................................................3 7. Survey Methods ...................................................................................................................7 8. Wildlife Resources in the Project Area ................................................................................8