„It's Still Real to Me, Damn

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„It's Still Real to Me, Damn DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „It’s still real to me, damn it!“ Professional Wrestling: Performance, Fake, Film & Fantum Verfasser Markus Lust angestrebter akademischer Grad Magister der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, 2010 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 317 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Theater‐, Film und Medienwissenschaft Betreuerin / Betreuer: Ao. Univ.‐Prof. Dr. Brigitte Marschall 2 Inhalt I. Danksagung ..................................................................................................................... 7 II. Vorwort ........................................................................................................................... 8 1. „Making his way to the ring…“ – Eine Einleitung ............................................................. 11 2. Wrestling: Kultur und Geschichte .................................................................................... 12 2.1 Urformen und Frühentwicklung: Sport – Agon .............................................................. 12 2.2 Prototypen der Unterhaltung: Attraktion – Figur – Körper ........................................... 15 2.3 Die Show ab 1900 ........................................................................................................... 21 2.4 Gorgeous Wrestling im TV: Hochform gegen Hochkultur .............................................. 23 3. „Time to play the game“ – Struktur, Semantik und Grammatik des Spiels ....................... 32 3.1 Übersicht: Spielregelwerk und Machart, Langue und Parole ........................................ 32 3.2 Terminologie des Spiels .................................................................................................. 33 3.3 Räumliche Anordnung: Die latente Arena ..................................................................... 37 3.4 Zeitlicher Ablauf: Die Grammatik des Kampfes ............................................................. 40 3.4.1 Das Spielregelwerk ................................................................................................. 40 3.4.2 Das Move‐Set ......................................................................................................... 41 4. „You don’t know. I do know.“ – Spiel‐Diskurs, Insiderblick und die magische Frage nach dem Fake im Wrestling ........................................................................................................... 46 4.1 Spiel und Ernst als Kulturbegriffe ................................................................................... 46 4.2 Echtheit von innen: Der Spieler‐Blick und die Machart von Matches ........................... 51 4.3 Dichotomie Spiel – Wirklichkeit, Wirklichkeit – Wrestling ............................................. 56 4.4 „We do a magic show“ – Mythos Wrestling und die Mystik des Fake ........................... 59 4.5 „The Real World is Faker Than Wrestling“ – wider die kategorische Echtheit .............. 61 5. „A wrestled performance“ vs. „a model of capitalism“ – Wrestling als Performance, Performanz und Big Business .................................................................................................. 66 5.1 Einleitung ........................................................................................................................ 66 5.2 Ausgang aus der Antike – der tragische Modus im Spektakel ....................................... 66 5.3 Performance als Prozess – Definition, Abgrenzung, Ästhetik ........................................ 67 3 5.4 Performance total: Verwandte Spielarten und die Kategorisierung von Wrestling ...... 70 5.5 Performance konkret – Körper und Ritual ..................................................................... 73 5.5.1 Ritual und der Einsatz des Körpers ......................................................................... 73 5.5.2 Ritual und die Zerstückelung des Körpers .............................................................. 75 5.6 „Business is about to pick up!“ – Sprachperformanz oder: Wrestling ist Wirtschaft .... 79 6. „I can’t believe this is happening!“ – Wrestling auf Film und als Video ............................ 86 6.1 Ausblick auf die Entwicklung einer Ontologie des Wrestling ......................................... 86 6.2 „The world is watching“ – aber was? House Show, TV und Pay‐Per‐View .................... 87 6.3 „Raw is war“ – hochkonzeptuell, niederschwellig, mittelästhetisch. Eine Fernseh‐ Analyse. ...................................................................................................................................... 89 6.3.1 Allgemeines ............................................................................................................ 89 6.3.2 „Remember the story of Old Yeller?“ – Mannwerdungsritus, Selbstbestätigung und der Mut zu unkommentierter Unklarheit ....................................................................... 91 6.3.3 Fernsehen und die filmische Flüchtigkeit bei Raw ................................................. 94 6.3.4 „Undefeated streak, rest in peace!“ – B‐Movie‐Reminiszenz, Rückbezüglichkeit und die Kino‐Arena als Blick nach innen ................................................................................ 96 6.4 „Yessir, we promised you a great main event.“ – Raummodulation und Großaufnahme, Replay und Dramaturgie. Eine Pay‐Per‐View Analyse. .............................................................. 99 6.4.1 Abgrenzung von der Anwesenheit in der Arena. ................................................... 99 6.4.2 „A Street fight“ in „Satan’s structure“ – Raum, Räumlichkeit und die Modulation der Ring‐Realitäten ............................................................................................................... 100 6.4.3 „It’s not ballet!“ – Dramaturgie, Erwartung und die Bruchstellen der Inszenierung . .............................................................................................................................. 104 6.4.4 „You can’t tell if that’s a cut or a broken nose“ – Fernseh‐Flow und Segmentierung ..................................................................................................................... 114 7. „It’s still real to me, damn it!“ – Fantum zwischen Affekt und Analyse .......................... 130 7.1 Einleitung: Jeff nimmt’s nicht leicht ............................................................................. 130 7.2 Drei‐Klassen‐Fans ......................................................................................................... 132 7.3 „These fans are going nuts!“ – Media Performance und Performativität des Fantums .... ...................................................................................................................................... 136 7.4 „Tune in“ & „Mark out“ – Qualitative Auswertung eines Jahrs an Fan‐Rezensionen .. 137 4 7.4.1 Kategorisierung von Anteilnahme ........................................................................ 137 7.4.2 Beispiel 1: „Worked shoot“ – Jeff Hardy und das Internet .................................. 141 7.4.3 Beispiel 2: „Mark out” – Ric Flair, Shawn Michaels, Undertaker ......................... 143 7.5 Interpretationsdiegese ................................................................................................. 145 7.6 „We wish you could be here“ – Ergänzung mittels teilnehmender Beobachtung ...... 146 8. „Just when they think they got the answers, I change the questions.“ –Schlussbemerkung mit Ausblick. ........................................................................................................................ 150 9. Abstract – deutsch ........................................................................................................ 152 10. Abstract – english ......................................................................................................... 153 11. Bibliographie ................................................................................................................ 154 12. Filmographie ................................................................................................................. 158 13. Abbildungsverzeichnis .................................................................................................. 160 14. Curriculum Vitae ........................................................................................................... 162 5 6 I. Danksagung Ich habe mir sagen lassen, dass Danksagungen bei wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten vom Ausmaß einer Diplomarbeit etwas Höchstpeinliches sind. Wenn ich mir dann wiederum vergegenwärtige, dass im vorliegenden Falle das Thema meiner Arbeit Wrestling ist, erscheint mir dieser Zug aber ohnehin abgefahren und damit implizit der Weg für eine Danksagung der unfrisiertesten Façon geebnet, die ich hiermit ohne weitere Umschweife angehen möchte: Mein Dank gilt in Sachen Austausch und Diskurs vor allem meiner Partnerin Petra Hirzer, die mir mit Ritualdefinitionen und hilfreichen Aufbautipps zur Seite stand wie keine zweite und Ende März 2008 sogar Wrestlemania 24 in Orlando über sich „ergehen“ ließ; sowie Franz Moldaschl für mehr oder minder dasselbe bezüglich Wrestlemania 25 in Houston nebst zahlloser im Diskurs verhafteter Abende mit Materialsichtung; meinem Bruder Manuel Lust für den geteilten Wrestling‐Schauspaß und die schönen Matches, die wir von Kindheit an im elterlichen Wohnzimmer performten; aber auch Rainer Kelz für seine stets sachliche, nüchterne Kritik an der Kunstform und – Spaß beiseite – seine Anregungen zur systematischen
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