ARGYLL AND BUTE

mAKInG A DIffeRenCe CommUnITY GRoUPS In ACTIon

i Since the first volume in 1947Discovery and excavation in (DES) has played a vitally important role in Scottish archaeology. Each new issue offers a simple way to keep up to date with current work in the field, and the back issues provide a research tool for anyone seeking information about the archaeology of Scotland.

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The closing date for entries for the next edition of DES is 15� November each year. ii mAKInG A DIffeRenCe CommUnITY GRoUPS In ACTIon

To celebrate the Scottish Community Heritage Conference we are pleased to present reports showcasing the work undertaken by community groups associated with Archaeology Scotland’s Adopt-a-Monument project. A big thank you goes to the Adopt-a-Monument team (Cara Jones, Paul Murtagh, Phil Richardson and Fiona Isobel Watson) for their assistance with the reports. The publication also contains summaries from some of the other community groups who have been working on Scottish sites in 2013–14 and have reported via the new AS online reporting form.

All of the reports were submitted via the new online reporting form for our journal – Discovery and excavation in Scotland. The online form, information on the project and access to the back copies of our journal, which has been in production since 1947, may be found via our website at www.archaeologyscotland.org.uk.

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ARGYLL AND BUTE Kilcalmonell Tarbert Castle Phase 1

Desk-based assessment, field visit and survey Robert McPhail – Tarbert and Skipness Community Trust

The topographic survey NR 86770 68730 The Adopt-a-Monument The work consisted of a desk-based at Tarbert Castle in (AaM) team was approached by the Tarbert assessment, undertaken by Kilmartin progress (Copyright and Skipness Community Trust to help find House Museum; a site visit and topographic AaM, Archaeology out more about the castle (Canmore ID: survey by local volunteers; laser scanning Scotland) 39316; SMR ID: 3906). Tarbert Castle and geophysical survey by Northlight is located on a prominent hilltop ridge Heritage; and engagement sessions with overlooking the fishing village of Tarbert. primary and secondary schools by the AaM It dates from at least the 13th century and team. The engagement work resulted in an comprises the substantial remains of a information leaflet produced by the local 13th-century double walled courtyard set children for castle visitors, an excavation within a much larger, 14th-century curtain and an open evening. This work was wall. Along the SE side of the curtain wall undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt- is the standing remains of a 15th-century a-Monument Scheme. tower. To the west of the castle are the remains of what is believed to be the Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland medieval burgh that surrounded the castle. Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund, Adopt-a- A programme of work was undertaken, Monument (in kind), Tarbert and Skipness 1 September 2011 – 1 September 2013, Community Trust and Argyll and Islands which aimed to encourage the local LEADER Fund community to engage with the castle, to raise awareness of it to a wider audience, and to improve access and interpretation of the castle.

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Kilfinichen and Kilvickeon Kilvickeon Church and Graveyard

Vegetation clearance, recording of tombstones and interpretation Rosie Burgess, Phil Richardson and Biddy Simpson – The Ross of Mull Historical Centre

Work in progress at NM 41198 19621 The Ross of Mull Historical Centre approached Kilvickeon Church the Adopt-a-Monument (AaM) team for support with vegetation (Copyright AaM, clearance, recording and interpretation of this 13th-century church Archaeology Scotland) site (Canmore ID: 21972; SMR ID 448). They were interested in conserving and maintaining the church, in finding ways to promote the site and provide improved access and interpretation information for local residents and visitors. The group worked with AaM and Historic Scotland, 1 September 2011 – 1 September 2013, to determine the condition of the church, identify ways of consolidating the building, and remove vegetation from the graveyard. Research was undertaken on the potential early origins of the church and burial ground, and different forms of on and off-site interpretation. The project also recorded the gravestone memorial inscriptions.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund, Historic Scotland, Scottish Government, European Community Argyll and Islands Highland LEADER 2007–13

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Kilmore and Kilbride Kilbride Kirkyard

Survey and evaluation Bob Irving – The MacDougall of Dunollie Preservation Trust

Left to right: NM 85694 25705 A graveyard survey, possibly two Loch Awe style carving on Kilbride Kirkyard including a condition and measured sandstone (Figures 1 and 2), one Iona style Figure 1 and 2 – survey of the gravestones commenced carving on slate and one Loch Awe style Detail from a West in 2013 as an Adopt-a-Monument and carving also on slate. Highland grave slab Dunollie Preservation Trust project. In the A sand coloured sandstone slab with uncovered in the Upper 2013 season a team of eight volunteers irregular surface contours and markings on Public Burial section located and recorded 200 gravestones, the exposed upper surface (Figure 3) was railed enclosure including several West Highland discovered laying in the upper (western) Sculptured Monuments or fragments part of the graveyard during the survey. Kilbride Kirkyard (DES 2013, 53–54). The markings on the visible exposed upper Figure 3 – Sandstone The 2014 season saw a continuation surface were compared to markings on slab with surface of the measured survey and condition Ogham stones and referred to experts in the markings reporting project for the graveyard and the field. On further examination of the slab, gravestones in the historic public graveyard markings were found on an adjacent side at Kilbride. We have recorded the presence, to the exposed markings when the edge condition, location and inscriptions. was examined in further detail from the Previous reports had documented the top; however, the extent of these markings presence but not the locations of the needs to be determined and this may only medieval West Highland Monuments be achieved by excavating down this side, (Inventory for Argyll, RCAHMS Vol II p142); or by raising the stone. Whatever the origin or had recorded the genealogical data from of the slab, its location in the upper part of the more recently inscribed gravestones, the graveyard with other laying slabs, some but not accurately transcribed it. This year 14th–15th-century West Highland Grave further grave slabs were identified and the Monuments (Loch Awe and Iona styled unstable nature of the SSW side of the hill carving) and an orientation aligned with with the slippage of the graves, headstones the other slabs, indicate that this latest use and grave slabs recorded. was probably as a grave slab. This stone The survey identified the locations of has not been documented previously by 13 medieval West Highland Monuments, others who have reported on the graveyard of which four are in excellent condition; (Inventory for Argyll, RCAHMS Vol II p142,

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and Steer and Dixon notes), but this may Kilninian and Kilmore be due to its slightly sunken position in relation to the surrounding features Baliscate Chapel (grave slabs). As there are few examples of Ogham Stones in Scotland, this should Survey, excavation and preservation be examined in more detail to confirm or Jean Whittaker, Hylda Marsh and Olive Brown – Mull Museum otherwise whether it is an Ogham stone. A laying grave slab was identified in the upper (western) part of the graveyard NM 49677 54068 Baliscate is an example of a 7th-century chapel, during this survey, inscribed to the memory sitting on a ridge near to Baliscate House near Tobermory. It was of Alexander MacDougall of Corrilorne first discovered by Hylda Marsh and Bev Langhorn, two local who died in1623. This had previously been history enthusiasts. The RCAHMS visited the site and concluded documented in 1908 as the top stone of the that it had all the characteristics of a very early chapel site and ‘Cross of Corrilorne’ by The Duke of Argyll burial ground. The site shot to fame when Time Team spent and Mr Jack in 1908 for the stone rubbing three days undertaking a partial excavation of the site back in stored in the archives at Inverary Castle; 2009. Further information about the excavation can be found on however, this may have been confused with Channel 4’s website. the Campbell of Lerags Cross. The stone Archaeology Scotland’s Adopt-a-Monument (AaM) team was reported not found by Steer and Dixon assisted project members with a landscape heritage trail (which in their survey of 1963 (Steer and Dixon has involved way markers and duck boards over boggy areas) notes RCAHMS archive, Edinburgh). and designing a leaflet. The AaM team then supported members A stone with clasped hands carving of Community group Mull Museum by helping them to gain (Figure 4) apparently carved in limestone, LEADER funding for work on the chapel (Canmore ID: 294740; was found close to the south wall of the SMR ID: 57999). This funding went towards a full survey of kirk ruins, possibly from the earlier church the site, research and an excavation. The work was undertaken, on this site. 1 September 2011 – 1 September 2013, and resulted in a better understanding of the site and highlighted the importance of Baliscate Chapel. Since the excavation all soil and turf has been reinstated and the site is being actively managed by Forestry Commission Scotland (FCS) and Mull Museum. Project members will monitor the site and raise any concerns with their local FCS officer. Vegetation and condition monitoring will continue for at least the next five years. Guided walks, workshops (undertaken by Archaeology Scotland) lectures and on site interpretation information have helped the general public learn about the site. Forestry Commission Scotland has prepared and erected guide posts to mark the route to the chapel and other sites. This work was undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt-a- Monument Scheme and results of the excavation will be reported in a future DES entry.

Archive: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Kilbride Kirkyard Figure 4 – Stone with clasped Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund, Historic Scotland, Scottish hands carving Government, European Community Argyll and Islands Highland LEADER 2007–13 Future work will include; survey of the ruins of the 1706 church including the original floor level and plans for future consolidation of the kirk remains, the location of previously recorded Western Highland carved slabs which have not been found in this survey so far and to prepare management plans.

Archive and report: RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Argyll and Islands LEADER Fund

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Kildavie Township

Vegetation clearance, survey and excavation Kevin Luscombe, Bill Patterson, Suzanne Patterson and Ian Hill – North West Mull Archaeology Interest Group

Surveying in progress NM 39200 53160 Kildavie is an 18/19th- (by HARP Archaeology) and two project at Kildavie (Copyright century settlement at Langamull (near designs to attract additional funding. The AaM, Archaeology Dervaig) on the Isle of Mull. Members of work was undertaken as part of the 2011– Scotland) the North West Mull Archaeology Interest 16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme. Group (NWMAIG) initially conducted an archaeological survey of the site as part of Archive: Archaeology Scotland and the Scotland’s Rural Past project to record RCAHMS (intended) the visible remains of the township. With Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund, Historic the help of Heritage and Archaeological Scotland, European Community Argyll and Research Practice Ltd (HARP) members Islands Highland LEADER 2007–13 also undertook a small scale programme of trial trenching to glean more information about the settlement. With advice and support from the Adopt-a-Monument team a programme of vegetation clearance, survey, excavation and educational work was undertaken, 1 September 2011 – 1 September 2013, by NWMAIG and HARP. The work aimed to raise awareness of the site, create a trail linking this site to other archaeological sites in the area and create opportunities for young people and adults to be involved with the project. The work consisted of a full survey of the township; historical research; Phil Richardson trial excavations; removal of vegetation working with volunteers from walls; bracken management; at Kildavie (Copyright organisation of educational visits; talks AaM, Archaeology to local groups; production of a report Scotland)

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DUNDEE Dundee Dighty Connect

Desk-based assessment and field visit David Drummond, Ann Lolley, Paul Murtagh and Cara Jones – Dighty Connect

Dighty Connect is a project working with volunteers in communities situated along the to research and record the heritage along the burn. Dighty Connect is an offshoot of the Environmental Project (BFEP), and has received funding from Scottish Natural Heritage. The work undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme aims to provide active engagement opportunities, help build up the existing record of heritage features along the burn and disseminate the results of the work at local events. Work carried out by local volunteer David Drummond, 1 March – 31 May 2013, identified 21 archaeological features. These features, in the main, relate to the extensive water management that took place along the Dighty, including sluice gates, lades, ponds, weirs and dams, which were important for a number of the industrial processes that were being undertaken at the various bleachfields and mills which occupied the Dighty from at least the 16th century. The results of work undertaken at Site 82 – Culvert, Ballunie Bleachfield, Claverhouse Bleachfield, Douglas Bleachfield, Ballunie Bleachfield Dundee Bleachfield and Trottick Bleachfield are presented below. (Copyright David Drummond/ Archive: RCAHMS (intended) Archaeology Scotland) Funder: HLF and Historic Scotland

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Ballunie Bleachfield Claverhouse Bleachfield

NO 44968 32522 (Canmore ID: 190726) NO 40463 33725 A 19th-century lade The Ballunie Bleachfield is shown on the survives as a partially infilled hollow, which 1st Edition OS map of 1856 as well as the is 3m wide, up to 2m deep and runs for subsequent additions and revisions. Little 66m in an E/W direction, from the Trottick now remains of this site but two well Ponds to the former site of the Claverhouse preserved stone culverts can be seen. The Bleachfield. A section of the lade, located first stone-built arched culvert sits proud behind a stretch of modern housing, is used of the surrounding area, the associated as a path. The lade would have provided wall apparently destroyed. This culvert has running water for the various industrial a maximum width of almost 5m, with an processes that would have been taking internal diameter of 2m. The smaller stone place at the bleachfields, and then carried arched culvert, which is located within the the water back towards the Dighty Burn. retaining wall of the Dighty, is 2m wide and 2m high. It is possible that one of these culverts was associated with the mill lade which carried water from the bleachfield to the Dighty, and is shown on the 1st Edition OS map. Another feature associated with this bleachfield is a 3m long stretch of very badly preserved wall.

Ballunie Bleachfield

NO 44858 32547 (Canmore ID: 190726) Between the Douglas and Ballunie Bleachfields, where a mill lade crosses the Dighty, there are a series of features including a sluice gate and weir, which were used to divert water to the Ballunie Bleachfield. This feature is 3m long, 1.8m wide and 2m high, and formed part of the extensive water management of the Dighty, which was essential for the successful operation of the many mills and bleachfields along its length. A bridge, Site 76 – Mill used to cross the Dighty and shown on the lade, Claverhouse 1st Edition OS map, partially survives as a Bleachfield (Copyright small stone platform, 1m wide and 1m high, David Drummond/ which is partially submerged by the Dighty. Archaeology Scotland)

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Douglas Bleachfield

Site 85 – Sluice gate, To the east of Drumgieth Park, in the area from the bleachfields. The full length of the Douglas Bleachfield of the former school site of St Saviours lade was not recorded, but it can be seen (Copyright David (Canmore ID: 275963), which was recently on the current OS map, running across Drummond/ demolished, the last vestiges of the water the old school playing fields and an area Archaeology Scotland) management works associated with the of rough ground known locally as ‘The Douglas Bleachfield (NO 43487 32612) Sands’. The part of the lade seen during were recorded. These include a sluice gate the survey would have been connected to (NO 43268 32695), an associated weir the sluice and the bleachfield, which are (NO 43264 32688) and the remains of depicted on the 1st Edition OS map. The a lade (NO 44091 32802). All of these now silted up lade would have formed features are shown on the 1st Edition part of an impressive water management OS map. system, which would have been responsible The sluice gate is one of the best for carrying the used water away from preserved along this stretch of the river, its the bleachfield and back to the Dighty. As metal work and original stone setting are such this feature represents the remains still in place, standing to a maximum height of a substantial and once important piece of 2m and 3m wide. On the eastern side of of industrial heritage, one that altered the the sluice is a small stone-built weir, which landscape around the Dighty Burn. crosses the Dighty and is 4m in length. The bridge depicted on the 1st Edition OS map appears to have been replaced, at an unknown date, by a modern footbridge (NO 42275 32672). The 3m wide and 2m deep lade would have formed the outflow

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Dundee Bleachworks, Road

Site 79 – Wall, Dundee Bleachfield (Copyright David Drummond/ Archaeology Scotland)

NO 42660 32829 The Dundee Bleachfield NO 42629 32886 (Canmore ID: (Canmore ID: 159572) was one of the most NO43SW 157) On the Pitkerro Road important industrial sites in the Dighty area are the remains of the boundary wall and survived as a functioning site until the and entrance to the bleachfield. The wall mid-20th century. This is one of the oldest survives in three portions, 48m, 29m and sites on the Dighty and has a long history 17.5m in extent, and a maximum of 1.9m of use, first as a medieval mill and as a high. The original entrance to the site bleachfield from 1735. appears to have been preserved in situ and NO 42581 32928 (Canmore ID: the stretches of wall curve to form a 6.4m NO43SW 157) Along the edge of the wide entrance. Dighty there are the last vestiges of the outer brick wall of the bleachfields, which measures 32m long by 3m high. The building which this wall formed part of was not shown on the 1st Edition OS map of 1856, but by the time the 2nd Edition OS map of 1903 was published it can be seen that the factory had expanded, and a building occupied this site. NO 42612 32920 (Canmore ID: Site 81 – Gate, Dundee NO43SW 157) A stone-built platform Bleachfield (Copyright appears to have been associated with these David Drummond/ buildings. The platform protrudes onto Archaeology Scotland) the Dighty and is 5m long, 2m wide and 1m high.

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Trottick Bleachfield

NO 40458 33732 A collection of 19th- by 2m high. The second gate is not well century features that relate to the Trottick preserved and only the concrete base and and Claverhouse Bleachfields. All of the outline of the sluice survives, measuring features are shown on 1st Edition OS 1.5m in width and 1.5m in height. map as well as subsequent editions and Opposite the sluice gates are two stone- revisions, though are most clear on the built, arched culverts which may have been 2nd Edition OS map of 1902. associated with the Trottick Bleachfield. There are two sluice gates, which The first of these culverts is the best would have been used to control water preserved, measuring 3m in width and up flow from the Trottick’s Ponds. The most to 2m in height and protruding into the complete example includes what appear Dighty. The second culvert, which measures to be the original wooden apparatus and 2m in width and 1m in height, is not as associated metal workings and fittings. The well preserved, and is almost completely first gate is well preserved and is 1m wide obscured by silt and vegetation.

Site 70 – Sluice gate, Trottick Ponds (Copyright David Drummond/ Archaeology Scotland)

Trottick Bleachfield

NO 40382 34006 The remains of a 19th- century stone and concrete dam, 20m long, 2–3m wide and 3–4m high. The dam is located below the former site of the Balmuir Mill and related mill dam, and above the Trottick Bleachfield. This site was shown on the 1st Edition OS map, and all subsequent editions and revisions.

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Rose Window, Park

Condition survey and interpretation board Phil Richardson and Hilda Spear – Friends of Balgay

View of the Rose NO 3798 3077 (Canmore ID: 239664) A condition survey was Window, Balgay Park carried out on the Rose Window in Balgay Park in April 2011 as (Copyright AaM, part of Archaeology Scotland’s Adopt-a-Monument Scheme. The Archaeology Scotland) work provided a baseline survey of the stonework against which to measure future change. Some of the stones showed signs of damage from recent weathering and there was moss growing in some of the cracks on some of the stones; however, most of the weathering was not recent. The majority of the stonework of the Rose Window is currently well protected below the ground surface, and there does not appear to be any visible damage from the flowers and shrubs that are growing in the window ‘panes’. A second condition survey was undertaken and an interpretation board installed between 1 March and 15 May 2013.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic Scotland

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EAST RENFREWSHIRE Eastwood Rouken Glen Park Archaeology Programme

The project represents part of a wider public engagement with the heritage of Rouken Glen Park in relation to East Renfrewshire Council’s Parks for People Award, funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and contributes to the key themes outlined in the archaeological project plan: Living on the land – The park as a living estate; Working the land – The parks industrial heritage; Enjoying the land – A park for the people; Marking the land – The park in prehistory. This work was undertaken by Archaeology Scotland as part of the wider Rouken Glen Park Improvement Project. The results of work undertaken at Birkinshaw House, Rookend Mill, Rouken Glen Walled Garden and The Devils Staircase are presented below.

Archive and report: RCAHMS and WoSAS (intended) Funder: East Renfrewshire Council and Heritage Lottery Funds Parks for People

Rock cut channel to feed mill from river, Rouken Glen (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

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Birkinshaw House Rookend Mill

Excavation Evaluation Phil Richardson and Paul Murtagh Paul Murtagh, Fiona Isobel Watson and Phil Richardson

NS 54888 58261 An evaluation was carried NS 54890 57906 An evaluation was out in September 2013 at the former site undertaken, 24–31 August 2014, at of the 19th-century Birkinshaw House the site of the 19th-century Rookend (Canmore ID: 197155). A total of three Mill (Canmore ID: 171008; SMR ID: trenches were excavated, each measuring WoSAS 40045). The work aimed to 2m N/S and 1m E/W. Substantial deposits assess the date of the mill, when it was relating to the house’s demolition were abandoned, what it was used for, and recorded along with a number of artefacts whether it had been reused in later periods. relating to its occupation. In addition, Large amounts of vegetation and the remains of a mortar bonded, brick undergrowth were removed from the area built wall were recorded. The wall, which surrounding the building and this work survived as one or two courses and to a revealed a substantial stone-built structure. maximum height of 100mm, was 0.65m The building is aligned N/S and is 10m wide and orientated E/W across the trench. long and 5m wide externally and 9m long The discovery of the wall highlighted and 3.8m wide internally. A single trench, the potential for the discovery of further measuring 2.5m N/S by 3.5m E/W, was significant archaeological remains relating excavated across the southern portion of to the house. Artefacts recovered included a the interior of the building. Due to health number of fragments of glass bottles, china and safety concerns it was not possible to and ceramics. full excavate the trench. The exposure of large amounts of tumble, both within and around the structure suggests that the building has been destroyed, though whether this was deliberate or as a result of natural processes is unclear. However, it is clear that substantial effort would be required to excavate and remove this tumble. The substantial remains exposed indicate that the site has the potential to significantly further our knowledge of the industrial heritage of Rouken Glen Park and the wider region. However, the nature of the structure, which is defined by large sandstone blocks, combined with the large amount of tumble mean that the work undertaken has only partially revealed this important site and a number of questions remain unanswered. The foundations of the building were not exposed, the date for the foundation of the structure was not established, and no artefacts predating the 20th century were recovered. In addition the location of the mill lade and the mill wheel were not discovered, and while it Work in progress may be suggested that these elements at Rookend Mill were located on the south side of the (Copyright AaM, structure testing this hypothesis would Archaeology Scotland) require further work.

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The excavation revealed a great deal Birkinshaw House had been extensively of evidence relating to the destruction landscaped it is possible that the of the building as well as evidence for abandoned mill might have been reused its reuse and remodelling. It is clear that as a garden folly during the Victorian the structure was once used as a grain period. Further evidence for the reuse mill, given the discovery of the mill of the building can be seen in the large stone, propped up against the western number of fragments of glass bottles that wall. The building appears to have been were discovered in the post abandonment remodelled sometime in the past. A door deposits. These artefacts were all was blocked, and the western and eastern 20�-century in date and relate to the use of walls were consolidated or remodelled. the structure as part of the park. Fragments What this remodelling might mean is of a number of old Irn Bru bottles and unclear, and requires further investigation. other soft drinks were discovered as However, as the landscape surrounding well as fragments of alcohol bottles.

Possible slot for water wheel, Rouken Glen (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

The broken mill stone, Rouken Glen (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

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Rouken Glen Walled Garden

Excavation Phil Richardson, Jonathan Wordsworth and Paul Murtagh

Clearing the vegetation NS 54687 58419 The excavation of a single in the walled garden test pit was undertaken on 26 June 2014. (Copyright AaM, The test pit, which measured 1.6m N/S Archaeology Scotland) by 1.2m E/W, was excavated over an area identified on the basis of cartographic evidence as the location of the glass house. The foundation cut for the glass house was recorded below a deposit of made ground and demolition material. The cut was 0.4m wide by 0.2m deep and ran in a NE/SW direction below the baulk of the trench. The exposed foundations were measured, drawn and photographed. Further work would be required to investigate the date and design of the glass house and the layout and construction of the garden.

Glass house foundations, Walled Garden (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

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The Devils Staircase, Rouken Glen

Fieldwalking Paul Murtagh and project volunteers

The ‘Devil’ from the Devils Staircase by Rookend Mill (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

NS 54882 57892 A field survey undertaken in Rouken Glen Park, 24–31 August 2014, discovered a carved anthropogenic figure at the site known locally as the ‘Devils Staircase’. The carving, which is 0.2m long and 0.1m wide, takes the form of a head of possible ‘Celtic’ design, though its date is unknown.

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EDINBURGH Edinburgh Digging the Scene – ‘Ghost signs’ Royal Mile and existing signs Grassmarket

Recording, research and engagement Cara Jones working with Grassmarket Community Centre, Crisis

NT 25619 73347 The Adopt-a-Monument The project aimed to engage with the (AaM) team, in partnership with Crisis attendees and to create a base line record Skylight Edinburgh, has been working with of historical commercial signage in participants at the Grassmarket Community the Royal Mile area of Edinburgh and Project on the ‘Digging the Scene’ project. existing shop fronts in the Grassmarket, AaM delivered 16 workshops, 1 September Edinburgh. Research was undertaken into 2011 – 1 January 2013, which aimed to help the history of the buildings and identified participants identify and learn more about historical photographs of the locations their immediate historic surroundings and recorded during field work. This work was equip individuals with new transferable undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt- skills such as identifying historic sites, a-Monument Scheme. research and recording techniques. Crisis houses homeless and vulnerable Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland people and most of the attendees were Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund; Historic early school leavers, some with learning Scotland; Argyll and Bute LEADER difficulties and/or serious health issues. programme; Highland LEADER programme

Participants recording one of the historical One of the historical signs recorded during the commercial signs, Digging the Scene (Copyright Digging the Scene project (Copyright AaM, AaM, Archaeology Scotland) Archaeology Scotland)

Leith at War

Desk-based assessment and field visit Paul Murtagh and Kate Phillips NT 26989 75932 Archaeology Scotland in association with Citadel Arts Group, based in Leith, created a series of small community based projects connected to Leith during WW2. This work was undertaken on the 20 June 2014 and consisted of a desk-based assessment and a field visit to assess the archaeological and heritage potential of important sites and places associated directly with WW2 in Leith. This work was undertaken as part of the 2011–2016 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme.

Archive and report: RCAHMS and Edinburgh Council (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic Scotland

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FALKIRK Dunipace Tappoch/Torwood Broch

Vegetation clearance, excavation and laser scanning Geoff Bailey, Murray Cook, Cara Jones, Phil Richardson, Fiona Isobel Watson, Graeme Cavers and Gemma Hudson

NS 83335 84986 A programme of augmented bedrock shelf. The bank had vegetation clearance, an excavation been disturbed in places, probably during supported by volunteers, and laser forestry planting. A peck-marked stone, scanning was undertaken at Tappoch/ which may have been used for fire lighting Torwood Broch (Canmore ID: 47004). and a large (50mm long) piece of charcoal, The work which was undertaken, were recovered during sieving of the rubble 27 January – 1 February 2014, formed part from the bank. The peck-marked stone was of the Lowland Brochs Project funded by c100mm long with a peck mark just off- Forestry Commission Scotland. centre. Funding has been secured from the The vegetation, which included heather Catherine Mackichan Trust to radiocarbon and bracken and covered most of the broch date the charcoal. was removed, by hand, by volunteers, A subsequent phase of work at the the AaM team (Cara Jones and Phil site consisted of the laser scanning Richardson), staff from Stirling Council of the broch, by AOC Archaeology (Fiona Isobel Watson and Murray Cook), (Graeme Cavers and Gemma Hudson) and the Archaeology Officer for Falkirk and the production of drawings. (Geoff Bailey). Two trenches were then opened across Archive: Archaeology Scotland and a previously unrecorded feature, which RCAHMS (intended) lay outside of the scheduled area. The Funder: Forestry Commission Scotland, excavation established that the feature Adopt-a-Monument (in kind) and Stirling consisted of a bank built on top of an Council Archaeologist

Staircase at Tappoch Broch (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

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Falkirk Canal College

Vegetation clearance and excavation Phil Richardson and Cara Jones

Clearing overburden, Canal College The third phase of a project to provide successfully identified the buried edge of (Copyright AaM, tuition to young people attending Canal the lock. The fill from the trench indicated Archaeology Scotland) College in vegetation clearance, excavation that the area had been infilled with waste and archaeological recording was carried from industrial furnaces. The students were out 7–22 July 2014. The project was given training in excavation techniques, delivered by Archaeology Scotland in planning, section drawing, photography conjunction with Canal College, funded and backfilling. by the Scottish Waterways Trust and in NS 86890 79380 Union Canal Lock 10 partnership with Scottish Canals. Canal (Canmore ID: 185290) A programme College works with Scottish Canals to of vegetation clearance, clearing of provide training for young people and is overburden and training in excavation and based at the Falkirk Wheel. recording took place at this 19th-century Two locks, numbers 9 and 10, were lock. The area was cleared of butterbur and investigated in 2014. The numbering an overburden of c0.5 x 1.0 x 1.5m was of the locks reflects that shown on the removed from the edge of the path. Once 1st Edition OS map of 1843–1882, and does the section had been exposed the students not correspond to Scottish Canals current were given practical training in section numbering of the locks. drawing and photography. NS 86830 79430 Union Canal Lock 9 (Canmore ID: 185299) A programme of Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland vegetation clearance and excavation of a and RCAHMS (intended) single trench took place at this 19th-century Funder: Scottish Waterways Trust lock. The area was cleared of butterbur and a 2 x 5m trench excavated, which

20 GLASGOW

GLASGOW Glasgow Clay Pits

Excavation and Heritage Treasure Hunt Cara Jones, Phil Richardson and Kate Shafer

NS 5850 6722 The Friends of Possilpark and pipe work may have been part of a Greenspace organised a weekend of toilet block that was a later addition to the activities as part of the ‘Bats, Beasties original structure, which was represented and Buried Treasure’ activity days on the by the earlier phases of concrete flooring 11–12 June 2011. During the weekend and brickwork. Trench 2 revealed a probable Archaeology Scotland’s Adopt-a- wooden floor and possible brick and metal Monument (AaM) team, British Waterways machinery settings in the interior of the and volunteers from Headland Archaeology foundry building. The destruction deposits and Heritage and Archaeological Research above the remains suggested that the building Practice organised a series of archaeological was deliberately demolished and burnt prior activities and a small trial excavation at the to a series of ground levelling events. site of the former Victoria Iron Foundry. On the 22 June 2012 a treasure hunt was The site of the former Victoria Iron organised by Kate Phillips of Archaeology Foundry (SMR ID: 4734) lies just to Scotland’s AaM team as part of the next the W of the British Waterways offices ‘Bats, Beasties and Buried Treasure’ event on Applecross Street. The two trenches organised by the Friends of Possilpark excavated were targeted on the likely Greenspace. The treasure hunt used location of the remains of the main information from the 2011 excavation. foundry building, and although they were This work was undertaken as part of the limited in size, they contained significant 2011–16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme. archaeological remains. Trench 1 revealed at least three phases Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland of floor construction and a small brick wall Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic with associated water pipes. The brick wall Scotland

Recording in progress at Clay Pits (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

21 GLASGOW

Govan Govan Old Parish Church Burial Ground

Excavation Frazer Capie – Govan Workspace

Volunteers excavating NS 55349 65869 (Canmore ID: 167616) The work was carried out by a mixture of Monument 260 During July 2013 Glasgow City Council’s undergraduate and postgraduate students (Copyright Friends Land and Environmental Services began from the University of Glasgow and of Govan Old Parish work on the first phase of a programme volunteers from the Govan Stones Project. Church) of graveyard improvements at Govan Children from the Govan Youth Information Old Churchyard which involved work on Project attended the site and were given 48 gravestones of varying types. As part the opportunity to learn the basic skills of of this project seven flat ledgerstones archaeological excavation. The trenches suffering from collapse were raised and set were excavated in 100mm spits and all in new beddings. It was also decided that spoil was sieved in order to retrieve the a previously enclosed monument would maximum artefactual evidence. Although have its original iron railings re-installed. the excavations were of a limited nature This provided the opportunity to conduct they still provided some key information on trial excavations to the maximum depth of the potential benefits of future excavations 300mm under eight monuments. However, at Govan Old Churchyard. It was found one grave was so badly collapsed that no that in several instances incomplete excavation was possible. fragments of sculpted stone had been

22 GLASGOW

Gravestone components including table legs found underneath ledgerstone (Copyright Friends of Govan Old Parish Church)

buried underneath the known ledgerstones. sherd of 17–18th-century Throsk ware and Building bricks found underneath the one sherd of medieval green glaze which ledgerstones also suggested that less had a secondary reddish glaze, used to sophisticated graveyard maintenance produce a decorative stripe. A substantial had been attempted previously. volume of chert fragments throughout the The majority of artefacts recovered were area raised questions about the structure of post-medieval, with a further focus towards historic path surfaces. Fragments of cannel the Victorian and modern. Fragments of coal, rectangular in profile, and worked, clay pipe, an incomplete medicine bottle, partial discoids of shale could be further decorative glass buttons and stamped iron evidence of early medieval craft activities at coffin fittings were among the artefacts the site. recovered. However, corroded iron fragments and Victorian to modern glass Archive and report: Govan Old Church and ceramics were the predominant finds. Funder: Glasgow University Hunter The ceramic assemblage also included one Marshall Bequest

Incomplete block of carved stone with two recessed panels, found underneath a ledgerstone (Copyright Friends of Govan Old Parish Church)

23 HIGHLAND

HIGHLAND Ardnamurchan ACA Landscape Survey – Wendy’s Cairn

Field visit and survey Jonathan Haylett and Wendy Macfadyen – Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology

Recording in progress at Wendy’s Cairn (Copyright Jonathan Haylett)

NM 46438 69557 A survey was undertaken on 26 August 2014 of a lozenge-shaped cairn. The cairn, which is 6m long by 1.8m wide and a maximum of 0.5m high, is located in a small glen that cuts through the line of hills, lying on the Achnaha side. At the top of this glen is a possible boundary marker. The cairn is aligned down the slope, and has a view across the flat land to Achnaha. We speculate it may be a grave site. This work formed part of Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology’s survey of the Ardnamurchan peninsula.

Archive: Kilchoan Funder: Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology

24 HIGHLAND

Swordle Bay, Ardnamurchan

Consolidation, clearance, interpretation and engagement Oliver Harris, Jon Haylett, Cara Jones and Phil Richardson – Ardnamurchan Transition Project and Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology Group

Swordle Bay (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

NM 54700 70760 A programme of newly established Ardnamurchan archaeological work, including the Community Archaeology Group to carry excavation of sites from the Neolithic, out a programme of trench consolidation, Bronze Age, Iron Age and post-medieval improvements to a perimeter fence, periods, has been undertaken at Swordle vegetation clearance, installation of an Bay since 2006 by the Ardnamurchan interpretation board, and education and Transitions Project (ATP), with the aim public engagement activities. of characterising the changing forms of The former excavation trenches occupation within Swordle Bay. In 2011 the at Cladh Aindreis, a Clyde-type project attracted international interest with chambered cairn (Canmore ID: 22360) the discovery and excavation of a Viking have been consolidated. The cairn boat burial. The mainland position of the and the Viking boat burial are now burial makes the site unique, and visitor actively managed for vegetation and numbers to the bay are increasing. monitored for signs of erosion. Archaeology Scotland’s Adopt-a- The heritage of Swordle Bay is Monument (AaM) team has worked now actively promoted through an in partnership with the ATP and the interpretation panel, erected in a prominent position upon entering the bay. This information aims to generate greater awareness of the unique heritage found on the Ardnamurchan Peninsular This work was undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme.

Archive: Archaeology Scotland and A geophysical survey RCAHMS (intended) in progress at Swordle Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund, Bay (Copyright AaM, Historic Scotland and Highland LEADER Archaeology Scotland) Fund 2007–13

25 HIGHLAND

Arisaig and Moidart Glenuig, Moidart

Desk-based assessment and survey Ken Bowker, Jean Bowker, Phil Richardson and Paul Murtagh

NM 66946 77788 Within a sheltered bay to the west of Glenuig, members of the Moidart History Group discovered four possible cairns of varying sizes and shapes which are of unknown date and function. The cairns are covered in rough grass and moss and are surrounded by mature woodland. They are located in an area of dry, flat ground which is surrounded to the east, south and west by steep and rocky ground, which is very boggy and poorly drained, while the bay to the east is dominated by large rock outcrops and a rock and pebble beach. The interface between the beach and the flat ground where the cairns are located is being eroded by the sea and it is possible that there may have been more cairns in the past, which have been lost due to coastal erosion. The Adopt-a-Monument team conducted a two day survey workshop, 19–21 May 2014, with members of the Moidart History Group, to provide training in archaeological survey techniques, and to help establish a baseline survey of the cairns, which may be used to guide any future archaeological investigation. This work was undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme. Cairn 1 is the largest of the four cairns and is roughly lozenge shaped, measuring 3.5m in length and 1m in width and surviving to a height of 0.4m. A number of beach worn stones, measuring 0.3 x 0.15 x 0.1m can be seen protruding from the vegetation which covers it. It is aligned in a roughly north/south direction. Cairn 2 is 5m to the west of Cairn 1. It is roughly circular and measures 3m in diameter and 1m in height. Cairn 3 is located 6m to the east of Cairn 1 and is lozenge shaped and is orientated in a north/south direction, measuring 2m in length, 0.5m in width and surviving to a height of 0.4m. Cairn 4 is located 6m to the south of Cairn 3 and is the smallest of the cairns, measuring 1.5m in length, 0.5 m in width and surviving to a height of 0.3m. It appears to have been damaged by root action from the surrounding trees and storm damage.

Archive and report: RCAHMS and Highland Council (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund and SSE Sustainable Development Fund

26 HIGHLAND

Fodderty Heights of Fodderty

Field visit, relocation and interpretation John Wombell and Susan Kruse – Neil Gunn Memorial Trust

NH 51060 60714 A cup- and ring-marked stone (SMR ID: MHG55106) was drawn to the attention of the Adopt-a-Monument (AaM) team by concerned local residents. The stone was located within a proposed house plot, which had received full planning permission in 2006. Whilst a condition had been attached to the planning permission, to protect the stone in situ, local residents noticed that the stone had been disturbed and became concerned about its future. Local residents with assistance from the AaM team recorded the original site of the stone, gained permission for the stone to be moved and relocated the Side 1 of the cup- and stone to the Neil Gunn Memorial site. ring-marked stone, The stone measured 0.8 x 0.7 x Heights of Fodderty 0.3m and was weathered to the point (Copyright John that although the cup marks were fairly Wombell) visible the rings were only faintly visible. Interpretation information was provided and the stone now forms part of a wider heritage trail, which has improved access to the monument. This work was undertaken, 1 January 2012 – 25 March 2014, as part of the 2011–16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland Funder: Adopt-a-Monument LEADER Fund, Strathpeffer Initiative, Neil Gunn Trust, Heritage Lottery Fund and Highland LEADER Fund 2007–13

Side 2 of the cup- and ring-marked stone, Heights of Fodderty (Copyright John Wombell)

27 HIGHLAND

Kiltarlity and Convinth ACA Landscape Survey – Achnaha Farmstead

Field visit and survey Jonathan Haylett and Wendy Macfadyen – Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology

Building 2, Achnaha Farmstead (Copyright Jonathan Haylett)

NM 45894 68972 A survey of the remains of a small group of buildings, located beside the stream which is forded by the Achnaha–Plocaig track, was undertaken on 26 August 2014. NM 45894 68972 – Building 1 measures 10.3 x 4.7m, has square corners and 0.7m thick walls, which stand to a maximum height of 0.5m. The long wall is aligned at 320°. On the east side of the building there is a triangular area of rocks which, away from the building, becomes a stone wall. The wall is 9m long and ends at the burn. NM 45907 68974 – Building 2 measures 8 x 5m, has square corners and 0.7m thick walls. The long wall is aligned at 60°. There are possible door gaps in the north and south walls. Building 2 is located 2m from Building 1. NM 45916 68972 – Building 3 measures 8 x 5m and its long wall is aligned at 60°. The building is barely visible, with only a few rocks along the wall base, suggesting it may have been built of turfs. The burn is 3m from the east end of the building and its bank has been reinforced with a short stone wall. The buildings do not appear on William Bald’s 1806 map, but are marked on the OS 6" First Edition of 1843–82, when one building, aligned 60°, is shown, along with a wall to the NW. This work formed part of Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology’s survey of West Ardnamurchan (Ref No 458689).

Archive: Kilchoan Funder: Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology

28 HIGHLAND

Lismore and Appin Keil Chapel and Graveyard

Field visit, recording of tombstones and vegetation clearance Neil Malcolm and Margaret Malcolm – Friends of Keil Chapel

NM 97177 53817 Situated on the shore The Adopt-a-Monument team of Loch Linnhe are the remains of Keil worked with the Friends of Keil Chapel Chapel and burial ground (Canmore ID: on the 1 September 2014 to undertake 23332). The chapel has been identified a programme of work at Keil Chapel as late medieval and is dedicated to and Graveyard. The burial ground was St Columba. The burial ground has cleared of vegetation, mapped and continued to be of wider public interest, tombstone inscriptions were recorded. as the remains of James Stewart, or better An interpretation sign was also mounted. known as James of the Glen or Seumas Future plans include consolidation of the a’Ghlinne, lies within the burial ground. chapel walls, and the online publication of The association with James of the the survey of the graveyard’s tombstones Glen has long made Keil Chapel a for interested parties to search. This prominent location within the landscape work was undertaken as part of the and is regular visited by visitors to the 2011–16 Adopt-a-Monument Scheme. area, despite the site not being actively promoted. The group hopes to improve Archive: Archaeology Scotland, Lochaber access to the chapel and burial grounds, Archives, Fort William Appin Historical as the current access involves climbing Society Port Appin and RCAHMS over a ruinous stone wall. They also (intended). Report: Archaeology Scotland wish to develop a long term funding and Funder: Highland LEADER Fund 2007–13, conservation strategy for the site to enable Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic the preservation of this monument for Scotland future generations to appreciate and enjoy.

Keil Chapel and Graveyard (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

29 HIGHLAND

Nigg Women at War – Fearn Airfield

Recording, archival research and report Cara Jones working with Ross-shire’s Women’s Aid

during WW2, who were mainly employed as WRNS. A basic photographic survey of the site was also produced. The results of the archaeological survey show a large range of structures, some of which are in relatively good condition, whilst others are very poor. Structures include; dispersal pens (possible Blenheim type), an engine testing house, water tanks, sheds, latrine blocks, Romney Huts, rectilinear blast banks, U-shaped blast banks, Nissen Huts, hangars, a concrete water tank, a test firing butt, a control tower, air raid shelters, scramble shelters and workshops. There are also a number of Volunteers examining NH 84370 75970 Women at War was a buildings whose purpose is less clear, but one of the buildings collaborative community engagement it seems likely they were used for training at Fearn Airfield project developed and facilitated by and accommodation purposes. Many areas (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland’s Adopt-a-Monument of the site have become overgrown and this Archaeology Scotland) scheme. The project, which ran from vegetation not only hides the archaeology, 1 January – 31 March 2014, aimed to but may also be damaging it. A few areas support participants in recording the have already been covered over or re-used disused Fearn Airfield and associated camp. for other purposes, e.g. Area D, which is The airbase itself opened in 1941, as located at the north side of the airfield. RAF Fearn, a satellite base to RAF Tain. From previous airfield plans it is possible Originally utilised by the Royal Air force for to identify 35 possible structures in Area D, training, in 1942 the base was transferred but a large proportion of the eastern part to the Royal Navy and became known as of this area has been destroyed and is now HMS Owl. From 1943 the base was used sat underneath a large, modern, potato as a torpedo training unit utilising the Tain storage shed. Now only eleven structures range and surrounding waters for practice. are identifiable. There is scope to do At its peak 3000 men and women were more detailed surveying work on the site, stationed at the base, but many of their especially if currently overgrown areas are accounts have not been recorded. cleared and access is gained. This would The project aimed to attract female allow us to build up a more detailed picture volunteers, and specifically targeted this of the nature of the buildings on site and under represented demographic within also their condition. heritage audiences. Working with the While the project had been devised Dingwall-based Ross-shire Women’s by Archaeology Scotland, the course Aid, Archaeology Scotland provided a content aimed to be community led, with supportive platform for participants to the participant’s individual thoughts and research and record their local WW2 interests contributing towards topics of heritage. This support was in the form of research covered by the project. formal workshops and site visits, as well as providing physical resources such as Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland books, print-outs and digital copies of and RCAHMS (intended) archive material for research purposes. The Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund All Our main focus of the project was to look at the Stories, Highland LEADER Programme and role of women who served at the airbase Historic Scotland

30 HIGHLAND

Urquhart and Logie Wester Mulchaich West

Vegetation clearance, site protection, survey and research Meryl Marshall and John Wombell – North of Scotland Archaeology Society

Visiting the Mulchaich West settlement site (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

NH 57660 56790 Situated on the NW Their work has significantly improved side of the Black Isle, overlooking the the visibility of these monuments as well Cromarty Firth lies the remains of a small as helped towards stabilising the baseline post medieval township (Canmore ID: condition of the features. The Adopt-a- 31202; SMR ID: MHG54319), believed to Monument team worked with NoSAS, have been the site of a former Ferintosh 1 September 2011 – 1 August 2013, distillery, together with a prehistoric to clear vegetation to allow improved chambered cairn, designated as a scheduled access to the site, constructed/improved monument. The North of Scotland livestock fencing and gates to protect Archaeology Society (NoSAS) has already the site from grazing cattle, and carried surveyed the majority of the site and out a topographical survey and archival has actively managed vegetation, which research. The results of the research will previously obscured archaeological features be published on the NoSAS website and associated with the township and the cairn. used to create an information leaflet, to encourage visitors to the site. This work was undertaken as part of the 2011–16 Adopt- a-Monument Scheme.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund, Historic Scotland and Highland LEADER Funder The excavation in 2007–13 progress at Mulchaich West (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

31 HIGHLAND

Urray Tarradale Archaeological Project – Tarradale Mains Farm

Fieldwalking, evaluation and aerial photographic interpretation Eric Grant – Tarradale Archaeological Project

Antler and bone from shell midden. Antler dated to 6204–6005calBC

NH 54948 48928 Tarradale Archaeological have been destroyed by ploughing since Project is examining a multi-period the aerial photographs were taken. Test landscape centred on Tarradale Mains pitting on a shell midden site (discovered Farm. The project has undertaken extensive during fieldwalking) yielded charcoal fieldwalking, coupled with test pitting and antler that have been radiocarbon and geophysical survey. Results indicate dated: hazel charcoal to 6632–6480calBC a landscape rich in archaeological data (SUERC-46141) and antler to derived from superimposed past activity 6204–6005calBC (SUERC-46140) both at ranging from Mesolithic to post-medieval. 95.4% probability. Most of the landscape is subject to arable Two years of fieldwalking have farming and there is visual and geophysical discovered 500 lithic artefacts, mainly evidence of erosion and destruction of the flint and mainly of microlithic size archaeological context. (<50mm), comprising debitage and The data generated from fieldwalking, tools that can be broadly identified as geophysical survey and selective metal Mesolithic. In addition later lithic artefacts detecting, undertaken 1 November 2012 – have been found including leaf shaped 31 October 2013, are contributing towards arrowheads and barbed and tanged a multi-faceted database that is beginning arrowheads. Controlled metal detecting to yield meaningful temporal and spatial has discovered part of a copper alloy patterning. Geophysical survey of an area socketed axe as well as iron nails and of ploughed out barrows (identified as ring a medieval horse harness pendant. and square ditches on aerial photographs) suggested some features survive under Archive and report: Tarradale House the plough soil while others appear to Funder: NoSAS and University of

32 PERTH AND KINROSS

PERTH AND KINROSS Fortingall Fortingall Kirkyard

Survey Clare Thomas – Fortingall Roots

NN 74176 47012 A measured survey of Fortingall Kirkyard was made, 20–23 August 2013, recording the position of all above- ground gravestones, carved stones and other stones of possible interest. Work on recording details of each gravestone began, and continues, using the Scottish Graveyards recording form. In 2014, work began on a survey of gravestones buried up to 150mm deep, following the protocols established by the Moray Burial Group. The first phase was carried out 7–11 April 2014 with volunteers from the Fortingall Roots committee and from the local community, beginning in the south-eastern portion of the graveyard. A total of 11 buried gravestones and 2 paving slabs were uncovered and recorded. An exposed horizontal slab was also recorded. Four gravestones bore inscribed initials, three dates: DR 1732; IMG 1827; IMG; AR1762. The latter also had a depiction of a plough-share. Further work was carried out 25–29 August 2014, with volunteers from Fortingall Roots and with pupils from Breadalbane Academy, Aberfeldy and Pitlochry High School. Three buried and four exposed tombstones were recorded, three of which bore initials and dates: DC 1710; DC GMcN 1752; NNMG 1792. All stones were drawn at a scale of 1:10, and photographed. All buried stones have been covered. Further survey is planned for 2015. Fortingall Roots is a partnership of The Breadalbane Heritage Society, The Breadalbane Development Association, Fortingall Kirk Session, The James McLaren Society and Glenlyon School. It aims are to further research into the archaeology and history of Fortingall and Glen Lyon

Archive: Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust (intended) Funder: Fortingall Roots Committee

33 SOUTH LANARKSHIRE

SOUTH LANARKSHIRE Lanark Lanark Train Station

Desk-based assessment and field visit Cara Jones, Lachlan McKeggie and Phil Richardson

A view along the NS 88595 43665 A report on this mid-19th-century train station platform at Lanark (Canmore ID: 153171) was produced on behalf of Border Biscuits Train Station (Copyright Ltd and the Lanark community, using information generated by AaM, Archaeology a desk-based assessment and site visit. The work undertaken at Scotland) this site, 1–8 August 2014, aimed to identify the cultural heritage interests within and in the vicinity of a proposed community archaeology project at Lanark Train Station.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic Scotland

34 SOUTH LANARKSHIRE

St Kentigern’s Church

Desk-based assessment and field visit Cara Jones, Lachlan McKeggie and Phil Richardson

NS 88787 43246 A report on this 13th-century church (Canmore ID: 46576) was produced on behalf of Border Biscuits Ltd and the Lanark community, using information generated by a desk-based assessment and site visit in August 2011.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic Scotland

Detail of the arches at St Kentigern’s Church (Copyright AaM, Archaeology Scotland)

35 STIRLING

STIRLING Kincardine Coldoch Broch

Vegetation clearance, excavation and laser scanning Fiona Isobel Watson, Phil Richardson, Jonathan Wordsworth and Murray Cook

The interior of Coldoch NS 69639 98128 A programme of vegetation clearance, test Broch (Copyright AaM, pitting and laser scanning was undertaken at Coldoch Broch Archaeology Scotland) (Canmore ID: 45356; SMR ID: 4629). The work which was undertaken, 27 February – 1 March 2014, formed part of the Lowland Brochs Project funded by Forestry Commission Scotland. The vegetation clearance and test pitting was carried out by the Adopt-a-Monument team, with support from Jonathan Wordsworth, staff from Stirling Council and volunteers, in an area outside of the scheduled area at the broch. A subsequent phase of work consisted of the laser scanning of the broch and the production of drawings by AOC Archaeology.

Archive and report: Archaeology Scotland and RCAHMS (intended) Funder: Forestry Commission Scotland, Adopt-a-Monument (support in kind), Murray Cook and Fiona Isobel Watson

36 CONTRIBUTORS

Contributors

AOC ARCHAEOLOGY GROUP: Edgefield Road Industrial Estate, Loanhead, Midlothian EH20 9SY ARCHAEOLOGY SCOTLAND: Suite 1a, Stuart House, Eskmills, Station Road, Musselburgh EH21 7PB ARDNAMURCHAN COMMUNITY ARCHAOELOGY: Matenderere, Kilchoan, Acharacle PH36 4LL ARDNAMURCHAN TRANSITION PROJECT: http://www.butstillitmoves.com/atp/Ardnamurchan_Transitions_Project/Home.html BAILEY, G: See Falkirk Museum BOWKER, K and J: Square Cottage, Roshven, Lochailort PH38 4NB BROWN, O: c/o J Whittaker BURGESS, R: See The Ross of Mull Historical Centre CAPIE, F: See Govan Workspace CAVERS, G: See AOC Archaeology Group COOK, M: See Stirling Council CRISIS SKYLIGHT EDINBURGH: 4 Crichton’s Close, Edinburgh EH8 8DT DIGHTY CONNECT: c/o Broughty Ferry Library, Broughty Ferry DD5 2HN DRUMMOND, D: See Dighty Connect FALKIRK MUSEUM: Falkirk Council, Callendar House, Callendar Road, Falkirk FK1 1YR FORTINGALL ROOTS: http://breadalbanedevelopmentassociation.co.uk/fortingall-roots/ FRIENDS OF BALGAY: http://balgay.btck.co.uk/ FRIENDS OF KEIL CHAPEL: c/o Archaeology Scotland FRIENDS OF POSSILPARK GREENSPACE: https://sites.google.com/site/possilgreenspace GOVAN WORKSPACE: http://www.govanworkspace.co.uk/office-space-glasgow.html GRANT, E: See Tarradale Archaeological Project GRASSMARKET COMMUNITY CENTRE: http://www.grassmarketcommunityproject.co.uk/ HARRIS, O: See Ardnamurchan Transition Project HAYLETT, J: See Ardnamurchan Community Archaeology HILL, I: c/o K Luscombe HUDSON, G: See AOC Archaeology Group IRVING, R: See MacDougall of Dunollie Preservation Trust JONES, C: See Archaeology Scotland KRUSE, S: c/o J Wombell LOLLEY, A: c/o D Drummond LUSCOMBE, K: See North West Mull Archaeology Interest Group NEIL GUNN MEMORIAL TRUST: http://www.ambaile.org.uk/en/view_partner.jsp?id=40 MACDOUGALL OF DUNOLLIE PRESERVATION TRUST: http://www.macdougallmccallumheritagefoundation.org/projects/clan-macdougall-centre/ MACFADYEN, W: c/o J Haylett MALCOLM, N and M: See Friends of Keil Chapel MARSH, H: c/o J Whittaker MARSHALL, M: See North of Scotland Archaeology Society MCKEGGIE, L: c/o C Jones MCPHAIL, R: See Tarbert and Skipness Community Trust MULL MUSEUM: www.mullmuseum.org.uk MURTAGH, P: See Archaeology Scotland NORTH OF SCOTLAND ARCHEOLOGY SOCIETY: www.nosas.co.uk NORTH WEST MULL ARCHAEOLOGY INTEREST GROUP: www.nwmaig.btck.co.uk PATTERSON, B: c/o K Luscombe PATTERSON, S: c/o K Luscombe PHILLIPS, K: See Archaeology Scotland RICHARDSON, P: See Archaeology Scotland ROSS-SHIRE’S WOMENS AID: www.rosswa.co.uk SHAFER, K: c/o C Jones

37 CONTRIBUTORS

SIMPSON, B: See Archaeology Scotland SPEAR, H: See Friends of Balgay STIRLING COUNCIL: Municipal Buildings, Corn Exchange, Stirling FK8 2HU TARBERT AND SKIPNESS COMMUNITY TRUST: http://argyllcommunities.org/tarbertandskipnesscommunitytrust/ TARRADALE ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT: c/o Archaeology Scotland THE ROSS OF MULL HISTORICAL CENTRE: www.romhc.org.uk/ THOMAS, C: See Fortingall Roots WATSON, FI: See Archaeology Scotland WHITTAKER, J: See Mull Museum WOMBELL, J: See Neil Gunn Memorial Trust. (Contact for this contributor is site specific) WOMBELL, J: See North of Scotland Archaeology Society. (Contact for this contributor is site specific) WORDSWORTH, J: See Archaeology Scotland

List of abbreviations used in this volume

AaM Adopt-a-Monument FCS Forestry Commission Scotland HLF Heritage Lottery Fund NMRS National Monuments Record of Scotland OS Ordnance Survey RAF Royal Air Force RCAHMS Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland WoSAS West of Scotland Archaeological Service WRNS Women’s Royal Naval Service WW2 World War 2

38 ARCHAEOLOGY SCOTLAND Archaeology Scotland is a voluntary membership organisation, which works to secure the archaeological heritage of Scotland for its people through education, promotion and support: • education, both formal and informal, concerning Scotland’s archaeological heritage • promotion of the conservation, management, understanding and enjoyment of, and access to, Scotland’s archaeological heritage • support through the provision of advice, guidance, resources and information related to archaeology in Scotland

Our vision Archaeology Scotland is a key centre of knowledge and expertise for Scottish archaeology, providing support and education for those interested and involved in archaeology, and promoting Scotland’s archaeological heritage for the benefit of all.

Membership of Archaeology Scotland Membership is open to all individuals, local societies and organisations with an interest in Scottish archaeology. Membership benefits and services include access to a network of archaeological information on Scotland and the UK, three newsletters a year, the annual edition of the journal Discovery and excavation in Scotland, and the opportunity to attend Archaeology Scotland’s annual Summer School and the Archaeological Research in Progress conference.

Further information and an application form may be obtained from Archaeology Scotland Email [email protected] ARGYLL AND BUTE ARGYLL AND BUTE Website www.archaeologyscotland.org.uk

A’ lorg agus a’ cladhach an Albainn The Gaelic translation of DiscoveryThe From andthe Ground excavation Up Project inand Scotland Discovery and was Excavation supplied in Scotland by Margaret MacIver, Lecturer in Gaelic and Education, and Professor Colm O’Boyle,are Emeritus supported by Professor, both at the Celtic, School of Language and Literature, University of Aberdeen.

Cover images

① ③ ④ ⑤

① Detail of the arches at St Kentigern’s ② Clearingm overburden,AKInG A Canal DI ffeCollegeRenCe ③ A viewC ommalong Uthen ITYplatform GRo atUPS Lanark In ACTI Trainon Station ④ The excavation in progress at Clay Pits ⑤ The excavation in progress at Mulchaich West

All cover photographs courtesy of AaM, Archaeology Scotland Archaeology Scotland, Suite 1a, Stuart House, Eskmills, Station Road, Musselburgh EH21 7PB i 40

Published, designed and produced by Cathedral Communications, High Street, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England SP3 6HA

© Archaeology Scotland 2014

ISSN 0419-411X ARGYLL AND BUTE

The From the Ground Up Project and Discovery and Excavation in Scotland are supported by

Archaeology Scotland, Suite 1a, Stuart House, Eskmills, Station Road, Musselburgh EH21 7PB 40