Clarence Valley Council Clarence Valley Council Area 2011 Census Results

Clarence Valley Council Clarence Valley Council area 2011 Census results

Comparison year: 2006 Benchmark area: Regional NSW

community profile

Compiled and presented in profile.id®. http://profile.id.com.au/clarencevalley Table of contents

Estimated Resident Population (ERP) 2 Population highlights 4 About the areas 7 Five year age groups 10 Ancestry 13 Birthplace 16 Year of arrival in Australia 18 Proficiency in English 20 Language spoken at home 23 Religion 26 Qualifications 28 Highest level of schooling 30 Education institution attending 33 Need for assistance 36 Employment status 39 Industry sectors of employment 42 Occupations of employment 45 Method of travel to work 48 Volunteer work 50 Unpaid care 52 Individual income 54 Household income 56 Households summary 58 Household size 61 Dwelling type 64 Number of bedrooms per dwelling 66 Internet connection 68 Number of cars per household 70 Housing tenure 72 Housing loan repayments 74 Housing rental payments 76 SEIFA - disadvantage 80 About the community profile 81 Estimated Resident Population (ERP) The Estimated Resident Population is the OFFICIAL Clarence Valley Council area population for 2012. Populations are counted and estimated in various ways. The most comprehensive population count available in Australia is derived from the Census of Population and Housing conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every five years. However the Census count is NOT the official population of Clarence Valley Council area. To provide a more accurate population figure which is updated more frequently than every five years, the Australian Bureau of Statistics also produces "Estimated Resident Population" (ERP) numbers for Clarence Valley Council area. See data notes for a detailed explanation of different population types, how they are calculated and when to use each one.

Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Clarence Valley Council area

Change in Change in Year (ending June 30) Number number percent 2001 48,617 -- --

2002 48,823 +206 +0.42

2003 48,977 +154 +0.32

2004 49,183 +206 +0.42

2005 49,580 +397 +0.81

2006 50,089 +509 +1.03

2007 50,295 +206 +0.41

2008 50,467 +172 +0.34

2009 50,880 +413 +0.82

2010 51,137 +257 +0.51

2011 51,252 +115 +0.22

2012 51,285 +33 +0.06

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id The population experts

Page 3 of 83 Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented by .id the population experts Annual change in Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented by .id the population experts

Page 4 of 83 Population highlights Clarence Valley 2011 Regional NSW New South Wales Australia Council area

Median age 46 41 38 37

Median weekly $961 $1,237 $1,234 household $768 income

27% 32% 31% Couples with children 22%

Older couples 14% without children 12% 9% 9%

Medium and 16% 31% 25% high density 12% Housing

30% 32% 33% Households with a mortgage 26%

$220 $300 $285 Median weekly rent $210

27% 29% 29% Households renting 25%

Non-English 5% 19% 16% speaking 3% backgrounds

3% 4% 4% University attendance 1%

12% 20% 19% Bachelor or Higher degree 9%

Vocational 23% 22% 18% 18%

Page 5 of 83 2% 14% 10% Public transport (to work) 0%

Unemployment 9% 6% 6% 6%

SEIFA index of 969 996 1002 disadvantage 919 2011

Page 6 of 83 About the area Location and boundaries The Clarence Valley Council area is located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, about 600 kilometres north of Sydney and 300 kilometres south of Brisbane. The Clarence Valley Council area is bounded by the Kyogle and Richmond Valley Council areas in the north, the Coral Sea in the east, Coffs Harbour City and Bellingen Shire in the south and Glen Innes Severn Council area, Guyra Shire and Tenterfield Shire in the west. Name origin Clarence Valley is named after the Clarence River, which is named after the Duke of Clarence.

Important Population Land area Population density Statistics 49,673 1,044,121 0.05 2011 Usual residents hectares (10,441 persons per hectare Km2)

Clarence Valley Council area

Legend Districts Clarence Valley Council area

Page 7 of 83 Settlement history European settlement dates from the 1830s when cedar timber cutters arrived. A village was established in Grafton from the 1850s, developing as the main town of the area. Land was used mainly for farming, including dairying, sugar cane plantations and maize. Towns developed along the Clarence River, becoming important river ports, while harbours were established at Iluka and Yamba. Growth took place in the late 1800s, aided by the break-up of large pastoral properties and the establishment of fishing and mining industries. The most significant development occurred in the post-war period, particularly from the 1960s when the tourism industry boomed. In the last few decades, population growth has been concentrated in coastal locations, although Grafton has retained its role as a regional centre. Since the early 1990s, the population of the Council area has grown slightly, rising from about 43,000 in 1991 to about 50,000 in 2011. Land use Land use The Clarence Valley Council area is predominantly rural, with expanding residential areas and some industrial and commercial land uses. The Council area encompasses a total land area of 10,440 square kilometres, of which a significant proportion is National Park, State Forest and nature reserves, including beaches, rainforests, mountains and rivers. Much of the rural area is used for forestry, agriculture and grazing, including beef cattle and sugarcane growing. Fishing is also an important industry. In more recent years tourism has become a major industry, especially along the coast. Settlement is based around the main town of Grafton and the townships of Iluka, Maclean and Yamba, with many small villages and localities along the coast and inland. Smaller townships and villages include Alice, Angourie, Baryugil, Braunstone, Brooms Head, Clouds Creek, Coaldale, Copmanhurst, Coutts Crossing, Cowper, Dalmorton, Diggers Camp, Dundurrabin, Glenreagh, Gulmarrad, Jackadgery, Junction Hill, Minnie Water, Newton Boyd, Nymboida, Sandon, Tucabia, Ulmarra, Wooli, Wooloweyah and Woombah. Transport The Clarence Valley Council area is serviced by the Pacific Highway, the Gwydir Highway, the north coast railway line (with a station at Grafton) and Clarence Valley Regional Airport. Major features Major features of the Council area include the Clarence River, Bundjalung National Park, Chaelundi National Park, Fortis Creek National Park, Gibraltar Range National Park, Guy Fawkes River National Park, Mount Pikapene National Park, Nymboida National Park, Nymboi-Binderay National Park, Ramornie National Park, Washpool National Park, Yuraygir National Park, Solitary Islands Marine Park, Banyabba Nature Reserve, Burnt Down Scrub Nature Reserve, Byrnes Scrub Nature Reserve, Chambigne Nature Reserve, Chapmans Peak Nature Reserve, Clarence Estuary Nature Reserve, Flaggy Creek Nature Reserve, Hortons Creek Nature Reserve, Iluka Nature Reserve, Koukandowie Nature Reserve, Mororo Creek Nature Reserve, Munro Island Nature Reserve, Sherwood Nature Reserve, Susan Island Nature Reserve, Tallawudjah Nature Reserve, Waragai Creek Nature Reserve, Woodford Island Nature Reserve, Yaegl Nature Reserve, Grafton Base Hospital, Maclean District Hospital, Grafton Shoppingworld, North Coast TAFE (Grafton, Maclean and Trenayr Campuses), Harwood Sugar Mill, Woombah Coffee Plantation, the Port of Yamba, numerous state forests and various beaches. Indigenous background The original inhabitants of the Clarence Valley area were various Aboriginal groups.

Page 8 of 83 Included areas The Clarence Valley Council area includes the localities of Alice, Alumy Creek, Angourie, Ashby, Ashby Heights, Ashby Island, Banyabba (part), Barcoongere (part), Barretts Creek, Baryulgil, Billys Creek, Blaxlands Creek, Bom Bom, Bookram, Braunstone, Brooms Head, Brushgrove, Buccarumbi, Bulldog, Busbys Flat (part), Calamia, Calliope, Cangai, Carnham, Carrs Creek, Carrs Island, Carrs Peninsula, Chaelundi, Chambigne, Chatsworth, Clarenza, Clifden, Clouds Creek, Coaldale, Coldstream, Collum Collum, Coombadjha (part), Coongbar, Copmanhurst, Coutts Crossing, Cowper, Crowther Island, Dalmorton, Deep Creek, Diggers Camp, Dilkoon, Dirty Creek (part), Dumbudgery, Dundurrabin, Eatonsville, Eighteen Mile, Elland, Esk (part), Ewingar, Fine Flower, Fortis Creek, Freeburn Island, Gibberagee (part), Gilletts Ridge, Glenreagh, Glenugie, Goodwood Island, Grafton, Great Marlow, Gulmarrad, Gurranang, Halfway Creek (part), Harwood, Heifer Station, Hernani (part), Ilarwill, Iluka, Jackadgery, Jacky Bulbin Flat, James Creek, Junction Hill, Kangaroo Creek, Keybarbin, Kippenduff (part), Koolkhan, Kremnos, Kungala, Kyarran, Lake Hiawatha, Lanitza, Lavadia, Lawrence, Levenstrath, Lilydale, Lionsville, Louisa Creek, Lower Southgate, Maclean, Malabugilmah, Marengo, Micalo Island, Minnie Water, Moleville Creek, Mookima Wybra, Moonpar, Mororo, Mountain View, Mount Marsh (part), Mylneford, Newbold, Newton Boyd (part), Nymboida, Palmers Channel, Palmers Island, Pikapene, Pillar Valley, Pulganbar, Punchbowl, Ramornie, Rushforth, Sandon, Sandy Crossing, Seelands, Shannondale, Shark Creek, Sherwood (part), Smiths Creek, South Arm, South Grafton, Southampton, Southgate, Stockyard Creek, Swan Creek, Taloumbi, The Freshwater, The Gulf (part), The Pinnacles, The Sandon, The Whiteman, Towallum, Townsend, Trenayr, Tucabia, Tullymorgan, Tyndale, Tyringham, Ulmarra, Upper Copmanhurst, Upper Fine Flower, Warragai Creek, Warregah Island, Washpool, Waterview, Waterview Heights, Wells Crossing, Whiteman Creek, Wild Cattle Creek, Winegrove, Wombat Creek, Woodford Island, Woody Head, Wooli, Wooloweyah, Woombah, Yamba and Yuraygir.

Page 9 of 83 Five year age groups The Age Structure of Clarence Valley Council area provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities such as child care. It is also an indicator of Clarence Valley Council area's residential role and function and how it is likely to change in the future. Five year age groups present a classic age profile of the population. Each age group covers exactly five years, which enables direct comparison between each group. To get a more complete picture Clarence Valley Council area's Age Structure should be viewed in conjunction with Household Types and Dwelling Types.

Age structure - Five year age groups

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Five year age groups (years) Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 2,824 5.7 6.3 2,585 5.4 6.1 +239

5 to 9 2,954 5.9 6.3 3,272 6.8 6.8 -318

10 to 14 3,444 6.9 6.7 3,695 7.7 7.3 -251

15 to 19 3,201 6.4 6.6 3,229 6.7 6.9 -28

20 to 24 2,116 4.3 5.6 1,765 3.7 5.5 +351

25 to 29 1,863 3.8 5.2 1,783 3.7 5.0 +80

30 to 34 2,065 4.2 5.2 2,333 4.8 5.8 -268

35 to 39 2,662 5.4 6.1 2,732 5.7 6.5 -70

40 to 44 2,979 6.0 6.5 3,328 6.9 7.1 -349

45 to 49 3,386 6.8 6.9 3,744 7.8 7.4 -358

50 to 54 3,843 7.7 7.2 3,588 7.5 6.9 +255

55 to 59 3,870 7.8 6.7 3,643 7.6 6.7 +227

60 to 64 3,879 7.8 6.5 3,156 6.6 5.6 +723

65 to 69 3,292 6.6 5.4 2,709 5.6 4.7 +583

70 to 74 2,537 5.1 4.3 2,314 4.8 3.9 +223

75 to 79 1,998 4.0 3.4 1,912 4.0 3.5 +86

80 to 84 1,498 3.0 2.7 1,319 2.7 2.5 +179

85 and over 1,262 2.5 2.3 1,040 2.2 1.9 +222

Total 49,673 100.0 100.0 48,147 100.0 100.0 +1,526

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 10 of 83 Five year age structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Change in five year age structure, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 11 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the five year age groups of Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a lower proportion of people in the younger age groups (under 15) and a higher proportion of people in the older age groups (65+). Overall, 18.6% of the population was aged between 0 and 15, and 21.3% were aged 65 years and over, compared with 19.4% and 18.0% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between the age structure of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of persons aged 60 to 64 (7.8% compared to 6.5%) A larger percentage of persons aged 65 to 69 (6.6% compared to 5.4%) A larger percentage of persons aged 55 to 59 (7.8% compared to 6.7%) A larger percentage of persons aged 70 to 74 (5.1% compared to 4.3%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, Clarence Valley Council area's population increased by 1,526 people (3.2%). This represents an average annual population change of 0.63% per year over the period. The largest changes in age structure in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in the age groups: 60 to 64 (+723 persons) 65 to 69 (+583 persons) 45 to 49 (-358 persons) 20 to 24 (+351 persons)

Page 12 of 83 Ancestry Ancestry defines the cultural association and ethnic background of an individual going back three generations. Ancestry is a good measure of the total size of cultural groups in Clarence Valley Council area regardless of where they were born or what language they speak. Ancestry data, should be combined with data on Birthplace, Language Spoken at Home and Religion for a more complete picture of Clarence Valley Council area's ethnic characteristics.

Ancestry - ranked by size

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Ancestry Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Australian 22,738 45.8 43.1 24,530 51.0 47.8 -1,792

English 20,977 42.2 40.4 17,715 36.8 36.5 +3,262

Irish 5,921 11.9 11.7 5,212 10.8 10.5 +709

Scottish 5,453 11.0 10.0 4,569 9.5 8.6 +884

German 2,219 4.5 4.2 1,990 4.1 3.9 +229

Italian 623 1.3 2.5 494 1.0 2.4 +129

Dutch 588 1.2 1.3 523 1.1 1.3 +65

Australian Aboriginal 514 1.0 0.6 465 1.0 0.6 +49

New Zealander 245 0.5 0.6 242 0.5 0.6 +3

Welsh 238 0.5 0.7 223 0.5 0.6 +15

Excludes ancestries with fewer than 20 responses, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Ancestry - totals

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Ancestry totals Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Not stated 3,241 6.5 6.7 3,383 7.0 7.2 -142

Total People 49,673 100.0 100.0 48,141 100.0 100.0 +1,532

Total responses 65,750 -- -- 62,011 -- -- +3,739

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 13 of 83 Ancestry, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 14 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the ancestry responses of the population in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 shows that the top five ancestries nominated were: Australian (22,738 people or 45.8%) English (20,977 people or 42.2%) Irish (5,921 people or 11.9%) Scottish (5,453 people or 11.0%) German (2,219 people or 4.5%) In combination these five ancestries account for 57,308 responses in total, or 115.37% of all responses. The major differences between the ancestries of the population in Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of people with Australian ancestry (45.8% compared to 43.1%) A larger percentage of people with English ancestry (42.2% compared to 40.4%) A larger percentage of people with Scottish ancestry (11.0% compared to 10.0%) A smaller percentage of people with Italian ancestry (1.3% compared to 2.5%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the reported ancestries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were: English (+3,262 persons) Australian (-1,792 persons) Scottish (+884 persons) Irish (+709 persons)

Page 15 of 83 Birthplace Country of Birth data identifies where people were born and is indicative of the level of cultural diversity in Clarence Valley Council area. The mix of Country of Birth groups is also indicative of historical settlement patterns, as source countries for Australia's immigration program have varied significantly over time. To get a more complete picture of cultural and ethnic characteristics, Clarence Valley Council area's Country of Birth data should be viewed together with Ancestry, Language Spoken at Home and Religion.

Birthplace - ranked by size

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Country of birth Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 United Kingdom 1,572 3.2 3.7 1,451 3.0 3.7 +121

New Zealand 541 1.1 1.1 499 1.0 1.1 +42

Netherlands 178 0.4 0.3 178 0.4 0.3 0

Germany 157 0.3 0.5 147 0.3 0.5 +10

Philippines 130 0.3 0.3 91 0.2 0.2 +39

United States of America 81 0.2 0.3 59 0.1 0.2 +22

South Africa 78 0.2 0.3 52 0.1 0.2 +26

India 63 0.1 0.3 36 0.1 0.2 +27

Excludes countries with fewer than 20 people, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Birthplace - summary

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Birthplace Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Total Overseas born 3,640 7.3 10.8 3,252 6.8 10.3 +388

Non-English speaking 1,286 2.6 5.2 1,121 2.3 4.9 +165 backgrounds

Main English speaking 2,354 4.7 5.6 2,131 4.4 5.4 +223 countries

Australia 43,575 87.7 83.8 42,265 87.8 83.7 +1,310

Not Stated 2,458 4.9 5.4 2,630 5.5 6.0 -172

Total Population 49,673 100.0 100.0 48,147 100.0 100.0 +1,526

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 16 of 83 Country of birth, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 17 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the country of birth of the population in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a smaller proportion of people born overseas, as well as a smaller proportion of people from a non-English speaking background. Overall, 7.3% of the population was born overseas, and 2.6% were from a non-English speaking background, compared with 10.8% and 5.2% respectively for Regional NSW. There were no major differences between Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW in 2011. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people born overseas increased by 388 or 11.9%, and the number of people from a non-English speaking background increased by 165 or 14.7%. The largest change in birthplace countries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 was for those born in: United Kingdom (+121 persons)

Page 18 of 83 Year of arrival in Australia The Year of Arrival data records when the overseas born population arrived in Australia. The data shows the degree to which areas are 'ports' for new overseas migrants and reveals the role of Clarence Valley Council area in housing the overseas-born. The number of recent arrivals in an area is often determined by housing affordability, employment opportunities and pre-existing communities located in the area. Clarence Valley Council area's Year of Arrival data, when used with Birthplace, Religion and Language Spoken at Home data, is a good indicator of the likely need for services in migrant communities.

Year of arrival in Australia

Clarence Valley Council area 2011

Year of arrival in Australia Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 9 Aug 2011 295 8.1 14.3

2001 to 2005 233 6.4 7.1

1991 to 2000 (10 year period) 283 7.8 9.6

1981 to 1990 (10 year period) 417 11.4 11.2

1971 to 1980 (10 year period) 571 15.7 14.0

1961 to 1970 (10 year period) 836 22.9 19.9

Arrived in 1960 or earlier 800 21.9 18.6

Not stated 211 5.8 5.4

Total 3,646 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Year of arrival in Australia, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 19 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the year of arrival for the overseas born population of Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a larger proportion of people who arrived before 2001, and a smaller proportion of recent arrivals (those who arrived between 2006 and 2011). Overall, 79.7% of the overseas born population arrived before 2001, and 8.1% arrived during or after 2006, compared with 73.2% and 14.3% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between the year of arrival data of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of arrivals between in 1960 or earlier (21.9% compared to 18.6%) A larger percentage of arrivals between 1961 and 1970 (22.9% compared to 19.9%) A larger percentage of arrivals between 1971 and 1980 (15.7% compared to 14.0%) A smaller percentage of arrivals between 2006 and 9 Aug 2011 (8.1% compared to 14.3%)

Page 20 of 83 Proficiency in English Proficiency in English measures the self-assessed proficiency in spoken English of people who speak a language other than English at home. The data, when viewed with other ethnic and cultural indicators, such as Ancestry, Country of Birth, Language Spoken at Home and Religion, reflects Clarence Valley Council area's ethnic composition and how long the overseas born have been in Australia. This helps service providers determine whether they need to communicate with the local population in languages other than English.

Proficiency in English

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

English proficiency Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Speaks English only 46,659 93.9 90.4 45,483 94.5 91.0 +1,176

Speaks another language, 917 1.8 4.5 698 1.4 3.9 +219 and English well or very well

Speaks another language, 107 0.2 0.7 94 0.2 0.7 +13 and English not well or not at all

Not Stated 1,992 4.0 4.4 1,872 3.9 4.4 +120

Total population 49,675 100.0 100.0 48,147 100.0 100.0 +1,528

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Proficiency in English, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 21 of 83 Change in proficiency in English, 2006 to 2011

The most significant changes in the proficiency in English of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in those speaking: Speaks English only (+1,176 persons) Speaks another language, and English well or very well (+219 persons)

Page 22 of 83 Language spoken at home Clarence Valley Council area's language statistics show the proportion of the population who speak a language at home other than English. They indicate how culturally diverse a population is and the degree to which different ethnic groups and nationalities are retaining their language. Clarence Valley Council area's language statistics should be analysed in conjunction with Country of Birth and Proficiency in English to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups in the area and the services required by the multicultural community.

Language spoken at home - ranked by size

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Language (excludes English) Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 German 116 0.2 0.3 105 0.2 0.3 +11

Dutch 79 0.2 0.1 58 0.1 0.1 +21

Italian 69 0.1 0.6 41 0.1 0.6 +28

Filipino/Tagalog 64 0.1 0.2 51 0.1 0.1 +13

Australian Indigenous 58 0.1 0.0 43 0.1 0.0 +15 Languages

Cantonese 55 0.1 0.2 42 0.1 0.2 +13

Excludes languages with fewer than 20 people speaking them at home, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Language - summary

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Language summary Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Speaks English only 46,662 93.9 90.4 45,484 94.5 91.0 +1,178

Non-English total 930 1.9 5.1 737 1.5 4.5 +193

Not stated 2,079 4.2 4.5 1,927 4.0 4.5 +152

Total Population 49,671 100.0 100.0 48,148 100.0 100.0 +1,523

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 23 of 83 Language spoken at home, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 24 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the language spoken at home by the population of Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a larger proportion of people who spoke English only, and a smaller proportion of those speaking a non-English language (either exclusively, or in addition to English). Overall, 93.9% of the population spoke English only, and 1.9% spoke a non-English language, compared with 90.4% and 5.1% respectively for Regional NSW. The dominant language spoken at home, other than English, in Clarence Valley Council area was German, with 0.2% of the population, or 116 people speaking this language at home. There were no major differences between Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW in 2011. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 193 or 26.2%, and the number of people who spoke English only increased by 1,178 or 2.6%. There were no major differences in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011.

Page 25 of 83 Religion Clarence Valley Council area's religion statistics provide an indicator of cultural identity and ethnicity when observed in conjunction with other key variables. Religion data reveal the major concentrations of religions as well as revealing the proportion of people with no religious affiliation. There are a number of reasons for different religious compositions across areas including the country of birth and ethnic background of the population, the age of the population (belief in religion is generally stronger, the older the population) and changes in values and belief systems. Clarence Valley Council area's religion statistics should be analysed in conjunction with other ethnicity statistics such as Country of Birth data and Language Spoken data to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups.

Religions - ranked by size

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Religion Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Anglican 15,213 30.6 26.6 15,400 32.0 28.2 -187

Western (Roman) Catholic 10,986 22.1 26.2 10,832 22.5 26.6 +154

Presbyterian and Reformed 3,311 6.7 4.2 3,544 7.4 4.6 -233

Uniting Church 2,337 4.7 5.8 2,385 5.0 6.6 -48

Christian,nfd 948 1.9 2.0 587 1.2 1.4 +361

Baptist 765 1.5 1.4 722 1.5 1.4 +43

Jehova's Witnesses 345 0.7 0.4 287 0.6 0.4 +58

Buddhism 344 0.7 0.8 208 0.4 0.6 +136

Pentecostal 331 0.7 0.9 455 0.9 0.9 -124

Salvation Army 276 0.6 0.4 300 0.6 0.5 -24

Excludes religions with fewer than 20 adherents, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Religions - summary

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Religion totals Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Christian total 35,069 70.6 71.0 35,117 72.9 73.9 -48

Non Christian total 656 1.3 2.1 476 1.0 1.5 +180

Non-classifiable religious 410 0.8 0.8 264 0.5 0.6 +146 belief

No religion 9,452 19.0 18.4 7,386 15.3 14.5 +2,066

Not stated 4,086 8.2 7.8 4,904 10.2 9.5 -818

Total Population 49,673 100.0 100.0 48,147 100.0 100.0 +1,526

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 26 of 83 Religion, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 27 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the religious affiliation of the population of Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a lower proportion of people who professed a religion and a higher proportion who stated they had no religion. Overall, 71.9% of the population nominated a religion, and 19.0% said they had no religion, compared with 73.0% and 18.4% respectively for Regional NSW. The largest single religion in Clarence Valley Council area was Anglican, with 30.6% of the population or 15,213 people as adherents. The major differences between the religious affiliation for the population of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage who nominated Anglican (30.6% compared to 26.6%) A larger percentage who nominated Presbyterian and Reformed (6.7% compared to 4.2%) A smaller percentage who nominated Western (Roman) Catholic (22.1% compared to 26.2%) A smaller percentage who nominated Uniting Church (4.7% compared to 5.8%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the religious affiliation of the population in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were for those who nominated: Christian,nfd (+361 persons) Presbyterian and Reformed (-233 persons) Anglican (-187 persons) Western (Roman) Catholic (+154 persons)

Page 28 of 83 Qualifications Educational Qualifications relate to education outside of primary and secondary school and are one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Employment Status, Income and Occupation, Clarence Valley Council area's Educational Qualifications help to evaluate the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of the area and identify skill gaps in the labour market.

Highest qualification achieved

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Qualification level Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Bachelor or Higher degree 3,454 8.5 12.4 2,786 7.2 10.4 +668

Advanced Diploma or 2,344 5.8 7.1 1,999 5.2 6.2 +345 Diploma

Vocational 9,333 23.1 22.1 7,786 20.2 20.1 +1,547

No qualification 20,440 50.5 46.8 20,763 53.8 50.3 -323

Not stated 4,874 12.1 11.7 5,261 13.6 13.0 -387

Total persons aged 15+ 40,445 100.0 100.0 38,595 100.0 100.0 +1,850

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Highest qualification achieved, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 29 of 83 Change in highest qualification achieved, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the qualifications of the population in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a lower proportion of people holding formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree; Advanced Diploma or Diploma; or Vocational qualifications), and a higher proportion of people with no formal qualifications. Overall, 37.4% of the population aged 15 and over held educational qualifications, and 50.5% had no qualifications, compared with 41.5% and 46.8% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between qualifications held by the population of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of persons with No qualifications (50.5% compared to 46.8%) A smaller percentage of persons with Bachelor or Higher degrees (8.5% compared to 12.4%) A smaller percentage of persons with Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (5.8% compared to 7.1%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the qualifications of the population in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were in those with: Vocational qualifications (+1,547 persons) Bachelor or Higher degrees (+668 persons) Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (+345 persons) No qualifications (-323 persons)

Page 30 of 83 Highest level of schooling Clarence Valley Council area's school completion data is a useful indicator of socio-economic status. With other indicators, such as Proficiency in English, the data informs planners and decision-makers about people's ability to access services. Combined with Educational Qualifications it also allows assessment of the skill base of the population.

Highest level of secondary schooling completed

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Level of schooling Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Year 8 or below 3,245 8.0 7.0 3,954 10.2 8.4 -709

Year 9 or equivalent 4,967 12.3 10.4 4,809 12.5 11.0 +158

Year 10 or equivalent 14,609 36.1 32.0 14,294 37.0 33.1 +315

Year 11 or equivalent 2,822 7.0 7.1 2,477 6.4 6.8 +345

Year 12 or equivalent 11,096 27.4 34.5 9,314 24.1 30.8 +1,782

Did not go to school 128 0.3 0.4 132 0.3 0.5 -4

Not stated 3,575 8.8 8.6 3,618 9.4 9.3 -43

Total persons aged 15+ 40,442 100.0 100.0 38,598 100.0 100.0 +1,844

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Highest level of schooling completed, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 31 of 83 Change in highest level of schooling completed, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the highest level of schooling attained by the population in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a higher proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 10 or less) and a lower proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent. Overall, 56.7% of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 27.4% went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 49.7% and 34.5% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the population in Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of persons who completed year 10 or equivalent (36.1% compared to 32.0%) A larger percentage of persons who completed year 9 or equivalent (12.3% compared to 10.4%) A larger percentage of persons who completed year 8 or below (8.0% compared to 7.0%) A smaller percentage of persons who completed year 12 or equivalent (27.4% compared to 34.5%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the level of schooling attained by the population in Clarence Valley Council area, between 2006 and 2011 were: Year 12 or equivalent (+1,782 persons) Year 8 or below (-709 persons) Year 11 or equivalent (+345 persons) Year 10 or equivalent (+315 persons)

Page 32 of 83 Education institution attending The share of Clarence Valley Council area's population attending educational institutions reflects the age structure of the population, which influences the number of children attending school; proximity to tertiary education, which can mean young adults leaving home to be nearer to educational facilities and; the degree to which people are seeking out educational opportunities in adulthood, especially in their late teens and early twenties. This data is often combined with Age Structure to identify areas with significant university student populations.

Education institute attending

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Type of institute Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Pre-school 870 1.8 1.9 800 1.7 1.8 +70

Primary school 3,855 7.8 8.2 4,354 9.0 8.9 -499

Primary - Government 3,048 6.1 5.7 3,456 7.2 6.4 -408

Primary - Catholic 509 1.0 1.7 667 1.4 1.8 -158

Primary - Independent 298 0.6 0.8 231 0.5 0.7 +67

Secondary school 3,442 6.9 6.7 3,553 7.4 6.9 -111

Secondary - Government 2,642 5.3 4.5 2,833 5.9 4.8 -191

Secondary - Catholic 527 1.1 1.4 473 1.0 1.4 +54

Secondary - Independent 273 0.5 0.8 247 0.5 0.8 +26

TAFE 1,209 2.4 2.5 1,057 2.2 2.4 +152

University 712 1.4 2.9 463 1.0 2.5 +249

Other 234 0.5 0.5 232 0.5 0.5 +2

Not attending 36,037 72.5 70.5 34,212 71.1 69.6 +1,825

Not stated 3,314 6.7 6.8 3,476 7.2 7.4 -162

Total 49,673 100.0 100.0 48,147 100.0 100.0 +1,526

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 33 of 83 Education institute attending, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 34 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the share of the population attending educational institutions in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a similar proportion attending primary school, a similar proportion attending secondary school, and a lower proportion engaged in tertiary level education. Overall, 7.8% of the population were attending primary school, 6.9% of the population were attending secondary institutions, and 3.9% were learning at a tertiary level, compared with 8.2%, 6.7% and 5.4% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between the share of the population attending learning institutions in Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of persons not attending (72.5% compared to 70.5%) A smaller percentage of persons attending University (1.4% compared to 2.9%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, Clarence Valley Council area's population aged 15 years and over increased by 1,526 people (+3.2%). This represents an average annual change of 0.63% per year over the period. The largest changes in the number of people attending education institutions in Clarence Valley Council area, between 2006 and 2011 were in those who nominated: Primary school (-499 persons) Primary - Government (-408 persons) University (+249 persons) Secondary - Government (-191 persons)

Page 35 of 83 Need for assistance Clarence Valley Council area's disability statistics relate directly to need for assistance due to a severe or profound disability. The information may be used in the planning of local facilities, services such as day-care and occasional care and in the provision of information and support to carers. Clarence Valley Council area's disability statistics help in understanding the prevalence of people who need support in the community, and along with information on Unpaid Care to a person with a disability, how that support is provided. Please note: A person's reported need for assistance is based on a subjective assessment and should therefore be treated with caution. See the specific data notes for further detail.

Need for assistance with core activities

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Assistance needed by age % of total age % of total age group (years) Number group Regional NSW Number group Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 37 1.3 1.1 22 0.9 1.0 +15

5 to 9 105 3.5 3.0 87 2.7 2.2 +18

10 to 19 176 2.6 2.6 148 2.1 2.0 +28

20 to 59 1,121 4.9 3.2 968 4.2 2.9 +153

60 to 64 393 10.1 7.3 237 7.5 6.4 +156

65 to 69 321 9.8 7.7 223 8.2 6.3 +98

70 to 74 267 10.5 9.6 229 9.9 8.9 +38

75 to 79 314 15.6 14.8 305 15.9 14.8 +9

80 to 84 390 26.2 24.7 362 27.5 26.7 +28

85 and over 666 53.4 48.3 532 50.8 49.4 +134

Total persons needing 3,790 7.6 5.8 3,113 6.5 5.1 +677 assistance

Need for assistance with core activities

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Assistance needed by age group (years) Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Total persons needing 3,790 7.6 5.8 3,113 6.5 5.1 +677 assistance

Total persons not needing 43,496 87.6 89.0 42,612 88.5 89.6 +884 assistance

Not stated 2,384 4.8 5.2 2,421 5.0 5.3 -37

Total population 49,670 100.0 100.0 48,146 100.0 100.0 +1,524

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 36 of 83 Need for assistance with core activities, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 37 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the need for assistance of persons in Clarence Valley Council area compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a higher proportion of persons who reported needing assistance with core activities. Overall, 7.6% of the population reported needing assistance with core activities, compared with 5.8% for Regional NSW. The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance in Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of persons aged 85 and over (53.4% compared to 48.3%) A larger percentage of persons aged 60 to 64 (10.1% compared to 7.3%) A larger percentage of persons aged 65 to 69 (9.8% compared to 7.7%) A larger percentage of persons aged 20 to 59 (4.9% compared to 3.2%) Emerging groups The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance between 2006 and 2011 in Clarence Valley Council area were in the age groups: 60 to 64 (+156 persons) 20 to 59 (+153 persons) 85 and over (+134 persons) 65 to 69 (+98 persons)

Page 38 of 83 Employment status Clarence Valley Council area's employment statistics are an important indicator of socio-economic status. The levels of full or part-time employment, unemployment and labour force participation indicate the strength of the local economy and social characteristics of the population. Employment status is linked to a number of factors including Age Structure, which influences the number of people in the workforce; the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area and; the education and skill base of the population (Occupations, Industries, Qualifications).

Employment status

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Employment status Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Employed 17,761 91.0 93.9 16,925 90.1 92.9 +836

Employed full-time 9,759 50.0 56.7 9,542 50.8 56.5 +217

Employed part-time 7,575 38.8 35.0 6,857 36.5 33.8 +718

Hours worked not stated 427 2.2 2.1 526 2.8 2.6 -99

Unemployed 1,746 9.0 6.1 1,869 9.9 7.1 -123

Looking for full-time work 1,105 5.7 3.8 1,269 6.8 4.6 -164

Looking for part-time work 641 3.3 2.4 600 3.2 2.5 +41

Total Labour Force 19,507 100.0 100.0 18,794 100.0 100.0 +713

Labour force status

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Labour force status Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Total Labour force 19,507 48.2 56.4 18,794 48.7 55.9 +713

Not in the labour force 19,132 47.3 38.5 17,869 46.3 38.6 +1,263

Labour force status not stated 1,803 4.5 5.2 1,934 5.0 5.4 -131

Total persons aged 15+ 40,442 100.0 100.0 38,597 100.0 100.0 +1,845

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 39 of 83 Employment status, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 40 of 83 Dominant groups The size of Clarence Valley Council area's labour force in 2011 was 19,507 persons, of which 7,575 were employed part-time and 9,759 were full time workers. Analysis of the employment status (as a percentage of the labour force) in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a lower proportion in employment, and a higher proportion unemployed. Overall, 91.0% of the labour force was employed (43.9% of the population aged 15+), and 9.0% unemployed (4.3% of the population aged 15+), compared with 93.9% and 6.1% respectively for Regional NSW. The labour force participation rate refers to the proportion of the population over 15 years of age that was employed or actively looking for work. "The labour force is a fundamental input to domestic production. Its size and composition are therefore crucial factors in economic growth. From the viewpoint of social development, earnings from paid work are a major influence on levels of economic well-being." (Australian Social Trends 1995). Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the population in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 shows that there was a lower proportion in the labour force (48.2%) compared with Regional NSW (56.4%). Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people employed in Clarence Valley Council area showed an increase of 836 persons and the number unemployed showed a decrease of 123 persons. In the same period, the number of people in the labour force showed an increase of 713 persons, or 3.8%.

Page 41 of 83 Industry sectors of employment Clarence Valley Council area’s industry statistics identify the industry sectors in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the skill base and socio-economic status of the residents as well as the industries and employment opportunities present in the region. When viewed in conjunction with Residents Place of Work data and Method of Travel to Work, industry sector statistics provide insights into the relationship between the economic and residential role of the area.

Industry sector of employment

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Industry sector Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Agriculture, Forestry and 1,078 6.1 5.8 1,248 7.4 7.0 -170 Fishing

Mining 95 0.5 2.5 40 0.2 1.7 +55

Manufacturing 1,400 7.9 8.3 1,497 8.8 9.2 -97

Electricity, Gas, Water and 252 1.4 1.5 203 1.2 1.3 +49 Waste Services

Construction 1,375 7.7 7.9 1,248 7.4 7.7 +127

Retail Trade 2,353 13.3 11.4 2,393 14.1 12.3 -40

Wholesale trade 495 2.8 2.8 451 2.7 3.1 +44

Accommodation and Food 1,563 8.8 7.7 1,360 8.0 7.5 +203 Services

Transport, Postal and 757 4.3 4.2 773 4.6 4.3 -16 Warehousing

Information Media and 170 1.0 1.0 306 1.8 1.2 -136 Telecommunications

Financial and Insurance 283 1.6 2.2 304 1.8 2.3 -21 Services

Rental, Hiring and Real 299 1.7 1.4 274 1.6 1.5 +25 Estate Services

Professional, Scientific and 572 3.2 4.6 523 3.1 4.4 +49 Technical Services

Administrative and Support 462 2.6 2.8 410 2.4 2.5 +52 Services

Public Administration and 1,468 8.3 7.2 1,416 8.4 6.9 +52 Safety

Education and Training 1,407 7.9 8.6 1,247 7.4 8.2 +160

Health Care and Social 2,475 13.9 13.0 2,007 11.9 11.5 +468 Assistance

Arts and Recreation Services 200 1.1 1.2 210 1.2 1.2 -10

Other Services 694 3.9 3.9 591 3.5 3.8 +103

Inadequately described or 360 2.0 2.1 426 2.5 2.3 -66 not stated

Total employed persons 17,758 100.0 100.0 16,927 100.0 100.0 +831 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 42 of 83 Industry sector of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 43 of 83 Change in industry sector of employment, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 44 of 83 Occupations of employment Clarence Valley Council area's occupation statistics quantify the occupations in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area, education levels, and the working and social aspirations of the population. When viewed with other indicators, such as Educational Qualifications and Individual Income, Occupation is a key measure for evaluating Clarence Valley Council area's socio-economic status and skill base.

Occupation of employment

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Occupation Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Managers 2,191 12.3 13.4 2,311 13.7 14.5 -120

Professionals 2,564 14.4 17.4 2,379 14.1 16.3 +185

Technicians and Trades 2,503 14.1 15.2 2,400 14.2 15.4 +103 Workers

Community and Personal 2,353 13.2 10.7 1,906 11.3 9.6 +447 Service Workers

Clerical and Administrative 2,137 12.0 13.0 2,014 11.9 12.9 +123 Workers

Sales Workers 2,016 11.4 9.7 1,904 11.2 10.0 +112

Machinery Operators And 1,290 7.3 7.6 1,243 7.3 7.3 +47 Drivers

Labourers 2,407 13.6 11.3 2,480 14.7 12.3 -73

Inadequately described 301 1.7 1.6 290 1.7 1.6 +11

Total employed persons 17,762 100.0 100.0 16,927 100.0 100.0 +835 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 45 of 83 Occupation of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 46 of 83 Dominant groups An analysis of the jobs held by the resident population in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 shows the three most popular occupations were: Professionals (2,564 people or 14.4%) Technicians and Trades Workers (2,503 people or 14.1%) Labourers (2,407 people or 13.6%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 7,474 people in total or 42.1% of the employed resident population. In comparison, Regional NSW employed 17.4% in Professionals; 15.2% in Technicians and Trades Workers; and 11.3% in Labourers. The major differences between the jobs held by the population of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of persons employed as Community and Personal Service Workers (13.2% compared to 10.7%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Labourers (13.6% compared to 11.3%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Sales Workers (11.4% compared to 9.7%) A smaller percentage of persons employed as Professionals (14.4% compared to 17.4%) Emerging groups The number of employed people in Clarence Valley Council area increased by 835 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the occupations of residents between 2006 and 2011 in Clarence Valley Council area were for those employed as: Community and Personal Service Workers (+447 persons) Professionals (+185 persons) Clerical and Administrative Workers (+123 persons) Managers (-120 persons)

Page 47 of 83 Method of travel to work Clarence Valley Council area's commuting statistics reveal the main modes of transport by which residents get to work. There are a number of reasons why people use different modes of transport to get to work including the availability of affordable and effective public transport options, the number of motor vehicles available within a household, and the distance travelled to work. Commuting data is very useful in transport planning as it informs decision-makers about the availability, effectiveness and utilisation of local transport options, particularly when analysed with Residents Place of Work data and Car Ownership.

Method of travel to work

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Main method of travel Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Train 3 0.0 0.8 13 0.1 0.8 -10

Bus 78 0.4 0.9 69 0.4 0.9 +9

Tram or Ferry 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0

Taxi 23 0.1 0.1 23 0.1 0.2 0

Car - as driver 11,022 62.2 65.2 9,925 58.9 61.6 +1,097

Car - as passenger 1,039 5.9 5.9 1,070 6.4 6.6 -31

Truck 359 2.0 1.6 442 2.6 2.0 -83

Motorbike 121 0.7 0.7 103 0.6 0.7 +18

Bicycle 267 1.5 0.7 301 1.8 0.8 -34

Walked only 889 5.0 4.0 919 5.5 4.7 -30

Other 243 1.4 1.3 211 1.3 1.2 +32

Worked at home 1,172 6.6 5.7 1,196 7.1 6.4 -24

Did not go to work 2,168 12.2 11.4 2,229 13.2 12.2 -61

Not stated 331 1.9 1.6 348 2.1 1.9 -17

Total employed persons 17,715 100.0 100.0 16,849 100.0 100.0 +866 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 48 of 83 Method of travel to work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Change in method of travel to work, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 49 of 83 Dominant groups In 2011, there were 81 people who caught public transport to work (train, bus, tram or ferry) in Clarence Valley Council area, compared with 12,541 who drove in private vehicles (car – as driver, car – as passenger, motorbike, or truck). Analysis of the method of travel to work of the residents in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that 0.5% used public transport, while 70.8% used a private vehicle, compared with 1.7% and 73.4% respectively in Regional NSW. The major difference between the method of travel to work of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW was: A smaller percentage of persons who travelled by car (as driver) (62.2% compared to 65.2%) Emerging groups The number of employed people in Clarence Valley Council area increased by 866 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the method of travel to work by resident population in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were for those nominated: Car - as driver (+1,097 persons) Truck (-83 persons) Did not go to work (-61 persons)

Page 50 of 83 Volunteer work The voluntary work sector is an important part of Australia's economy. The level of volunteering can indicate the cohesiveness of the community and how readily individuals are able to contribute to that community. Factors impacting on the level of volunteering in Clarence Valley Council area include the Age Structure of the population, the level of Proficiency in English, Income and Education levels.

Voluntary work

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Volunteer status Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Volunteer 8,401 20.8 20.0 8,404 21.8 10.4 -3

Not a volunteer 28,716 71.0 71.8 26,614 69.0 35.1 +2,102

Volunteer work not stated 3,325 8.2 8.2 3,580 9.3 4.4 -255

Total persons aged 15+ 40,442 100.0 100.0 38,598 100.0 100.0 +1,844

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Voluntary work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 51 of 83 Change in voluntary work, 2006 to 2011

Page 52 of 83 Unpaid care The proportion of people providing unpaid care for the aged and disabled in Clarence Valley Council area can be an important indicator of the level of demand for aged care services and facilities by local and state governments. An increasing proportion of carers among the population may indicate inadequate aged care provision, or the need for in-home support, or support for the carers themselves. The level of care provided by individuals is likely to be affected by Household Income, Age Structure and the ethnic makeup of the community (Language Spoken), as well as the sense of community cohesiveness.

Unpaid care

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Assistance to a person with a disability, long term illness or old age Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Provided unpaid assistance 5,816 14.4 12.5 5,126 13.3 11.5 +690

No unpaid assistance 31,134 77.0 78.9 29,573 76.6 79.0 +1,561 provided

Not stated 3,491 8.6 8.6 3,898 10.1 9.5 -407

Total persons aged 15+ 40,441 100.0 100.0 38,597 100.0 100.0 +1,844

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Unpaid care, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 53 of 83 Change in unpaid care, 2006 to 2011

Page 54 of 83 Individual income Individual Income statistics are an indicator of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Household Income, Educational Qualifications and Occupation, they help tell the story of the economic opportunities and socio- economic status of Clarence Valley Council area. The amount of income an individual receives is linked to a number of factors including employment status, age (as for instance students and retirees often receive a lower income), qualifications and type of employment. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Individual Income Quartiles.

Weekly individual gross income

Clarence Valley Council area 2011

Weekly income Number % Regional NSW Negative Income/ Nil income 2,423 6.0 6.5

$1-$199 3,364 8.3 7.6

$200-$299 6,952 17.2 13.0

$300-$399 6,167 15.2 12.9

$400-$599 6,507 16.1 13.7

$600-$799 4,348 10.8 10.8

$800-$999 2,614 6.5 7.6

$1000-$1249 1,986 4.9 6.6

$1250-$1499 1,151 2.8 4.3

$1500-$1999 1,289 3.2 5.3

$2000 or more 665 1.6 3.9

Not stated 2,976 7.4 7.7

Total persons aged 15+ 40,442 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 55 of 83 Weekly individual gross income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of individual income levels in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a lower proportion of persons earning a high income (those earning $1,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income persons (those earning less than $400 per week). Overall, 4.8% of the population earned a high income, and 46.7% earned a low income, compared with 9.2% and 40.0% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between Clarence Valley Council area's individual incomes and Regional NSW's individual incomes were: A larger percentage of persons who earned $200-$299 (17.2% compared to 13.0%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $400-$599 (16.1% compared to 13.7%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $300-$399 (15.2% compared to 12.9%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $1-$199 (8.3% compared to 7.6%)

Page 56 of 83 Household income Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. Clarence Valley Council area's Household Income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Educational Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to reveal the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of Clarence Valley Council area. It is important to note that income data is not necessarily a measure of wealth. For example, if an area has a large number of retirees this will produce a higher proportion of households with low income but the retirees may have large capital wealth. For this reason, household income should be viewed in conjunction with Age and Household Composition. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Household Income Quartiles.

Weekly household income

Clarence Valley Council area 2011

Weekly income Number % Regional NSW Negative Income/Nil Income 228 1.1 1.2

$1-$199 429 2.1 1.7

$200-$299 836 4.2 3.4

$300-$399 1,979 9.9 8.5

$400-$599 3,309 16.5 12.3

$600-$799 2,559 12.7 10.3

$800-$999 2,083 10.4 8.9

$1000-$1249 1,664 8.3 7.9

$1250-$1499 1,293 6.4 6.9

$1500-$1999 1,630 8.1 10.1

$2000-$2499 891 4.4 6.6

$2500-$2999 520 2.6 5.2

$3000-$3499 311 1.5 3.2

$3500-$3999 81 0.4 1.2

$4000-$4999 65 0.3 0.9

$5000 or more 59 0.3 0.8

Not stated 2,146 10.7 10.8

Total households 20,083 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 57 of 83 Weekly household income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of household income levels in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a smaller proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income households (those earning less than $600 per week). Overall, 5.2% of the households earned a high income, and 33.8% were low income households, compared with 11.3% and 27.2% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences between the household incomes of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of households who earned $400-$599 (16.5% compared to 12.3%) A larger percentage of households who earned $600-$799 (12.7% compared to 10.3%) A larger percentage of households who earned $800-$999 (10.4% compared to 8.9%) A larger percentage of households who earned $300-$399 (9.9% compared to 8.5%)

Page 58 of 83 Households summary Clarence Valley Council area's household and family structure is one of the most important demographic indicators. It reveals the area's residential role and function, era of settlement and provides key insights into the level of demand for services and facilities as most are related to age and household types. To continue building the story, Clarence Valley Council area's Household Summary should be viewed in conjunction with Households with Children, Households without Children, Household Size, Age Structure and Dwelling Type.

Household types

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Households by type Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Couples with children 4,612 22.5 26.7 4,737 24.4 28.2 -125

Couples without children 6,243 30.5 27.7 5,928 30.5 27.4 +315

One parent families 2,362 11.5 11.3 2,206 11.4 11.3 +156

Other families 189 0.9 0.9 143 0.7 0.9 +46

Group household 525 2.6 3.0 461 2.4 2.9 +64

Lone person 5,328 26.0 25.6 4,898 25.2 24.6 +430

Other not classifiable 417 2.0 2.8 400 2.1 2.9 +17 household

Visitor only households 825 4.0 2.0 635 3.3 1.8 +190

Total households 20,501 100.0 100.0 19,408 100.0 100.0 +1,093

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Household types, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 59 of 83 Change in household types, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the household/family types in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a lower proportion of couple families with child(ren) as well as a similar proportion of one-parent families. Overall, 22.5% of total families were couple families with child(ren), and 11.5% were one-parent families, compared with 26.7% and 11.3% respectively for Regional NSW. There were a similar proportion of lone person households and a higher proportion of couples without children. Overall, the proportion of lone person households was 26.0% compared to 25.6% in Regional NSW while the proportion of couples without children was 30.5% compared to 27.7% in Regional NSW. Emerging groups The number of households in Clarence Valley Council area increased by 1,093 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in family/household types in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were: Lone person (+430 households) Couples without children (+315 households) One parent families (+156 households) Couples with children (-125 households)

Page 60 of 83 Household size The size of households in general follows the life-cycle of families. Households are usually small at the stage of relationship formation (early marriage), and then increase in size with the advent of children. They later reduce in size again as these children reach adulthood and leave home. Household size can also be influenced by a lack (or abundance) of affordable housing. Overseas migrants and indigenous persons often have a tradition of living with extended family members which significantly affects household size. Household size in Australia has declined since the 1970s but between 2006 and 2011, the average household size remained stable for the nation as a whole. An increasing household size in an area may indicate a lack of affordable housing opportunities for young people, an increase in the birth rate or an increase in family formation in the area. A declining household size may indicate children leaving the area when they leave home, an increase in retirees settling in the area, or an attraction of young singles and couples to the area. For greater insight, Clarence Valley Council area's Household Size data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Summary, Age Structure, Dwelling Type, Household Income and Language Spoken at Home.

Household size

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Number of persons usually resident Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 1 person 5,325 27.7 26.9 4,893 26.6 25.9 +432

2 persons 7,608 39.5 36.5 7,191 39.1 36.2 +417

3 persons 2,544 13.2 14.3 2,430 13.2 14.5 +114

4 persons 2,192 11.4 13.3 2,250 12.2 14.0 -58

5 persons 1,015 5.3 6.2 1,074 5.8 6.5 -59

6 or more persons 571 3.0 2.9 541 2.9 2.8 +30

1 person 5,325 27.7 26.9 4,893 26.6 25.9 +432

2 persons 7,608 39.5 36.5 7,191 39.1 36.2 +417

3 persons 2,544 13.2 14.3 2,430 13.2 14.5 +114

4 persons 2,192 11.4 13.3 2,250 12.2 14.0 -58

5 persons 1,015 5.3 6.2 1,074 5.8 6.5 -59

6 or more persons 571 3.0 2.9 541 2.9 2.8 +30

Total classifiable households 19,255 100.0 100.0 18,379 100.0 100.0 +876

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 61 of 83 Household size, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 62 of 83 Dominant groups Analysis of the number of persons usually resident in a household in Clarence Valley Council area compared with Regional NSW shows that there were a higher proportion of lone person households, and a lower proportion of larger households (those with 4 persons or more). Overall there were 55.3% of lone person households, and 39.2% of larger households, compared with 53.8% and 44.7% respectively for Regional NSW. The major differences in the household size for Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of households with 2 persons usually resident (39.5% compared to 36.5%) A larger percentage of households with 2 persons usually resident (39.5% compared to 36.5%) A smaller percentage of households with 4 persons usually resident (11.4% compared to 13.3%) A smaller percentage of households with 4 persons usually resident (11.4% compared to 13.3%) Emerging groups The number of households in Clarence Valley Council area increased by 1,752 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the number of persons usually resident in a household in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were: 1 person (+432 households) 1 person (+432 households) 2 persons (+417 households) 2 persons (+417 households)

Page 63 of 83 Dwelling type Dwelling Type is an important determinant of Clarence Valley Council area's residential role and function. A greater concentration of higher density dwellings is likely to attract more young adults and smaller households, often renting. Larger, detached or separate dwellings are more likely to attract families and prospective families. The residential built form often reflects market opportunities or planning policy, such as building denser forms of housing around public transport nodes or employment centres. Dwelling Type statistics should be viewed in conjunction with Household size, Household Types, Housing Tenure and Age Structure for a more complete picture of the housing market in Clarence Valley Council area.

Dwelling structure

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Dwelling type Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Separate house 19,907 83.4 81.5 18,141 81.7 81.7 +1,766

Medium density 2,582 10.8 14.0 2,669 12.0 13.6 -87

High density 248 1.0 2.2 252 1.1 2.1 -4

Caravans, cabin, houseboat 919 3.8 1.7 959 4.3 1.9 -40

Other 184 0.8 0.5 187 0.8 0.6 -3

Not stated 33 0.1 0.2 6 0.0 0.1 +27

Total Private Dwellings 23,873 100.0 100.0 22,214 100.0 100.0 +1,659

Dwelling type

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Dwelling type Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Occupied private dwellings 20,498 85.6 86.9 19,414 87.1 87.1 +1,084

Unoccupied private 3,384 14.1 12.8 2,798 12.6 12.5 +586 dwellings

Non private dwellings 77 0.3 0.4 79 0.4 0.4 -2

Total Dwellings 23,959 100.0 100.0 22,291 100.0 100.0 +1,668

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 64 of 83 Dwelling structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 65 of 83 Dominant groups In 2011, there were 19,907 separate houses in the area, 2,582 medium density dwellings, and 248 high density dwellings. In addition, there were 919 caravans/cabins/houseboats in the area. Analysis of the types of dwellings in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 shows that 83.4% of all dwellings were separate houses; 10.8% were medium density dwellings, and 1.0% were high density dwellings, compared with 81.5%, 14.0%, and 2.2% in the Regional NSW respectively. In 2011, a total of 85.6% of the dwellings in Clarence Valley Council area were occupied on Census night, compared to 86.9% in Regional NSW. The proportion of unoccupied dwellings was 14.1%, which is larger compared to that found in Regional NSW (12.8%). Emerging groups The total number of dwellings in Clarence Valley Council area increased by 1,668 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the type of dwellings found in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were: Separate house (+1,766 dwellings) Medium density (-87 dwellings)

Page 66 of 83 Number of bedrooms per dwelling The Number of Bedrooms in a dwelling is an indicator of the size of dwellings, and when combined with dwelling type information, provides insight into the role Clarence Valley Council area plays in the housing market. For example, an area of high density dwellings that are predominantly 1-2 bedroom are likely to attract students, single workers and young couples, whereas a high density area with dwellings that are predominantly 2-3 bedroom may attract more empty nesters and some families. In combination with Household type and Household size, the Number of Bedrooms can also indicate issues around housing affordability, overcrowding and other socio-economic factors.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Number of bedrooms Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 0 or 1 bedrooms 1,232 6.0 4.7 1,180 6.1 4.7 +52

2 bedrooms 3,743 18.3 18.1 3,726 19.2 18.5 +17

3 bedrooms 9,155 44.7 43.3 8,986 46.3 44.6 +169

4 bedrooms 4,374 21.3 23.7 3,856 19.9 22.4 +518

5 bedrooms or more 923 4.5 5.1 819 4.2 4.6 +104

Not stated 1,074 5.2 5.1 839 4.3 5.2 +235

Total households 20,501 100.0 100.0 19,406 100.0 100.0 +1,095

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 67 of 83 Change in number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the number of bedrooms in dwellings in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a higher proportion of dwellings with 1 and 2 bedrooms, and a lower proportion of dwellings with 4 or more bedrooms. Overall, 24.3% of households were in 1-2 bedroom dwellings, and 25.8% of 4-plus bedroom dwellings, compared with 22.8% and 28.8% for Regional NSW respectively. The major differences between the number of bedrooms per dwelling of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of 3 bedroom dwellings (44.7% compared to 43.3%) A larger percentage of dwellings with no bedrooms (includes bedsitters) (6.0% compared to 4.7%) A smaller percentage of 4 bedroom dwellings (21.3% compared to 23.7%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the number of bedrooms per dwelling in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were: 4 bedrooms (+518 dwellings) 3 bedrooms (+169 dwellings) 5 bedrooms or more (+104 dwellings) 0 or 1 bedrooms (+52 dwellings)

Page 68 of 83 Internet connection A fast Internet Connection is increasingly required for accessing essential information and undertaking domestic and non-domestic business. Households with dial-up or no internet service are being left behind in the digital divide' as both government and the private sector are increasingly conducting their business, or aspects of it, on-line. Internet connectivity in Clarence Valley Council area can be affected by availability of connection, Education, Household Income and Age Structure.

Type of internet connection

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Connection type Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Total internet connection 13,322 65.0 68.2 9,461 48.7 52.4 +3,861

Broadband connection 11,844 57.8 61.3 4,378 22.5 28.1 +7,466

Dial-up connection 824 4.0 3.3 4,973 25.6 23.8 -4,149

Other connection 654 3.2 3.6 110 0.6 0.5 +544

No internet connection 5,787 28.2 25.1 8,888 45.8 41.3 -3,101

Not stated 1,392 6.8 6.7 1,067 5.5 6.3 +325

Total households 20,501 100.0 100.0 19,416 100.0 100.0 +1,085

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Type of internet connection, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 69 of 83 Change in type of internet connection, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the type of internet connection of households in Clarence Valley Council area compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a higher proportion of households with either no internet connection or a dial up connection, and a lower proportion of households with broadband connectivity. Overall 32.2% of households had no internet connection or a dial up connection, and 57.8% had broadband connectivity, compared with 28.4% and 61.3% respectively in Regional NSW. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011 the number of households with an internet connection increased by 3,861. The largest changes in the internet connectivity in Clarence Valley Council area, between 2006 and 2011 were: Broadband connection (+7,466 households) Dial-up connection (-4,149 households) Total internet connection (+3,861 households)

Page 70 of 83 Number of cars per household The ability of the population to access services and employment is strongly influenced by access to transport. The number of motor vehicles per household in Clarence Valley Council area quantifies access to private transport and will be influenced by Age Structure and Household Type, which determine the number of adults present; access to Public Transport; distance to shops, services, employment and education; and Household Income. Depending on these factors, car ownership can be seen as a measure of advantage or disadvantage, or a neutral socio-economic measure, which impacts on the environment and quality of life.

Car ownership

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Number of cars Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 No motor vehicles 1,479 7.2 7.6 1,562 8.0 9.0 -83

1 motor vehicle 8,203 40.0 36.0 8,208 42.3 37.3 -5

2 motor vehicles 6,738 32.9 34.4 6,261 32.2 33.3 +477

3 or more motor vehicles 2,732 13.3 15.5 2,240 11.5 13.7 +492

Not stated 1,350 6.6 6.5 1,145 5.9 6.8 +205

Total households 20,502 100.0 100.0 19,416 100.0 100.0 +1,086

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Car ownership, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 71 of 83 Change in car ownership, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the car ownership of the households in Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that 86.2% of the households owned at least one car, while 7.2% did not, compared with 86.0% and 7.6% respectively in Regional NSW. Of those that owned at least one vehicle, there was a larger proportion who owned just one car; a smaller proportion who owned two cars; and a smaller proportion who owned three cars or more. Overall, 40.0% of the households owned one car; 32.9% owned two cars; and 13.3% owned three cars or more, compared with 36.0%; 34.4% and 15.5% respectively for Regional NSW. Emerging groups The largest changes in the household car ownership in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were: 3 or more motor vehicles (+492 households) 2 motor vehicles (+477 households) No motor vehicles (-83 households)

Page 72 of 83 Housing tenure Clarence Valley Council area's Housing Tenure data provides insights into its socio-economic status as well as the role it plays in the housing market. For example, a high concentration of private renters may indicate a transient area attractive to young singles and couples, while a concentration of home owners indicates a more settled area with mature families and empty-nester Household Summary. Tenure can also reflect built form (Dwelling Type), with a significantly higher share of renters in high density housing and a substantially larger proportion of home-owners in separate houses, although this is not always the case. In conjunction with other socio-economic status indicators in Clarence Valley Council area, Tenure data is useful for analysing housing markets, housing affordability and identifying public housing areas.

Housing tenure

Clarence Valley Council area 2011 2006 Change

Tenure type Number % Regional NSW Number % Regional NSW 2006 to 2011 Fully owned 8,723 42.6 36.6 8,655 44.6 38.2 +68

Mortgage 5,431 26.5 29.7 5,036 25.9 28.7 +395

Renting 5,025 24.5 27.0 4,619 23.8 26.2 +406

Renting - Social housing 603 2.9 4.8 649 3.3 5.0 -46

Renting - Private 4,250 20.7 21.4 3,773 19.4 20.1 +477

Renting - Not stated 172 0.8 0.8 197 1.0 1.1 -25

Other tenure type 147 0.7 0.9 121 0.6 1.0 +26

Not stated 1,172 5.7 5.8 985 5.1 5.9 +187

Total households 20,498 100.0 100.0 19,416 100.0 100.0 +1,082

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Housing tenure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 73 of 83 Change in housing tenure, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the housing tenure of the population of Clarence Valley Council area in 2011 compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a larger proportion of households who owned their dwelling; a smaller proportion purchasing their dwelling; and a smaller proportion who were renters. Overall, 42.6% of the population owned their dwelling; 26.5% were purchasing, and 24.5% were renting, compared with 36.6%, 29.7% and 27.0% respectively for Regional NSW. Emerging groups The largest changes in housing tenure categories for the households in Clarence Valley Council area between 2006 and 2011 were: Renting - Private (+477 persons) Mortgage (+395 persons) Fully owned (+68 persons) The total number of households in Clarence Valley Council area increased by 1,082 between 2006 and 2011.

Page 74 of 83 Housing loan repayments Mortgage repayments are directly related to house prices in Clarence Valley Council area, length of occupancy and the level of equity of home owners. When viewed with Household Income data it may also indicate the level of housing stress households in the community are under. In mortgage belt areas it is expected that households will be paying a higher proportion of their income on their housing compared to well-established areas. First home buyer areas are also likely to have larger mortgages than upgrader areas where households move in with equity from elsewhere. Mortgage payment levels are not directly comparable over time because of inflation. For comparison of mortgage payments over time, go to Housing Loan Quartiles.

Monthly housing loan repayments

Clarence Valley Council area 2011

Monthly repayment amount Number % Regional NSW Nil repayments 176 3.2 2.8

$1-$149 31 0.6 0.7

$150-$299 120 2.2 1.3

$300-$449 250 4.6 2.9

$450-$599 206 3.8 2.7

$600-$799 392 7.2 5.4

$800-$999 517 9.5 7.0

$1000-$1199 523 9.6 7.8

$1200-$1399 597 11.0 9.3

$1400-$1599 527 9.7 7.8

$1600-$1799 485 8.9 8.9

$1800-$1999 270 5.0 6.3

$2000-$2199 379 7.0 9.1

$2200-$2399 139 2.6 4.0

$2400-$2599 63 1.2 2.6

$2600-$2999 194 3.6 6.1

$3000-$3999 169 3.1 6.2

$4000-$4999 65 1.2 2.0

$5000 and over 66 1.2 1.6

Not stated 261 4.8 5.4

Total households with a mortgage 5,430 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 75 of 83 Monthly housing loan repayments, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the monthly housing loan repayments of households in Clarence Valley Council area compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a smaller proportion of households paying high mortgage repayments ($2,600 per month or more), and a larger proportion of households with low mortgage repayments (less than $1000 per month). Overall, 9.1% of households were paying high mortgage repayments, and 31.2% were paying low repayments, compared with 15.9% and 23.0% respectively in Regional NSW. The major differences between the household loan repayments of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of $800-$999 (9.5% compared to 7.0%) A larger percentage of $1400-$1599 (9.7% compared to 7.8%) A larger percentage of $600-$799 (7.2% compared to 5.4%) A larger percentage of $1000-$1199 (9.6% compared to 7.8%)

Page 76 of 83 Housing rental payments Rental payments can be a better measure of the cost of housing in Clarence Valley Council area than mortgage repayments because they are not contingent on length of occupancy or equity in the dwelling. High rental payments may indicate desirable areas with mobile populations who prefer to rent, or a housing shortage, or gentrification. Low rental payments may indicate public housing (check Tenure Type), or areas where low income households move by necessity for a lower cost of living. Rental payments are not directly comparable over time because of inflation. For comparison of rental payments over time, go to Housing Rental Quartiles.

Weekly housing rental payments

Clarence Valley Council area 2011

Weekly rental amount Number % Regional NSW Nil 252 5.0 5.1

$1 - $74 136 2.7 3.2

$75 - $99 181 3.6 5.4

$100 - $124 243 4.8 5.4

$125 - $149 312 6.2 6.3

$150 - $174 488 9.7 8.7

$175 - $199 392 7.8 6.9

$200 - $224 601 12.0 9.4

$225 - $249 383 7.6 5.8

$250 - $274 632 12.6 9.0

$275 - $299 385 7.7 5.7

$300 - $324 400 8.0 7.5

$325 - $349 114 2.3 3.4

$350 - $374 147 2.9 4.5

$375 - $399 28 0.6 2.2

$400 - $424 37 0.7 2.4

$425 - $449 15 0.3 0.8

$450 - $549 51 1.0 2.5

$550 - $649 14 0.3 0.8

$650 - $749 14 0.3 0.3

$750 - $849 12 0.2 0.2

$850 - $949 4 0.1 0.1

$950+ 25 0.5 0.5

Rent Not stated 156 3.1 3.9

Total households renting 5,022 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 77 of 83 Weekly housing rental payments, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the weekly housing rental payments of households in Clarence Valley Council area compared to Regional NSW shows that there was a smaller proportion of households paying high rental payments ($400 per week or more), as well as a smaller proportion of households with low rental payments (less than $150 per week). Overall, 3.4% of households were paying high rental payments, and 22.4% were paying low payments, compared with 7.7% and 25.3% respectively in Regional NSW. The major differences between the housing rental payments of Clarence Valley Council area and Regional NSW were: A larger percentage of $250 - $274 (12.6% compared to 9.0%) A larger percentage of $200 - $224 (12.0% compared to 9.4%) A larger percentage of $225 - $249 (7.6% compared to 5.8%) A larger percentage of $150 - $174 (9.7% compared to 8.7%)

Page 78 of 83 SEIFA - disadvantage Clarence Valley Council area SEIFA Index of Disadvantage measures the relative level of socio-economic disadvantage based on a range of Census characteristics. It is a good place to start to get a general view of the relative level of disadvantage in one area compared to others and is used to advocate for an area based on its level of disadvantage. The index is derived from attributes that reflect disadvantage such as low income, low educational attainment, high unemployment, and jobs in relatively unskilled occupations. When targeting services to disadvantaged communities, it is important to also look at these underlying characteristics as they can differ markedly between areas with similar SEIFA scores and shed light on the type of disadvantage being experienced. A higher score on the index means a lower level of disadvantage. A lower score on the index means a higher level of disadvantage.

SEIFA by Local Government Area SEIFA by small areas

Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Ku-ring-gai (A) 1,120.7

Mosman (A) 1,110.7

Woollahra (A) 1,107.0

Lane Cove (A) 1,106.9

North Sydney (A) 1,104.8

The Hills Shire (A) 1,101.1

Manly (A) 1,099.4

Pittwater (A) 1,094.4

Hunters Hill (A) 1,092.2

Hornsby (A) 1,085.2

Willoughby (C) 1,083.5

Palerang (A) 1,081.7

Waverley (A) 1,079.6

Leichhardt (A) 1,078.9

Warringah (A) 1,077.3

Sutherland Shire (A) 1,074.6

Canada Bay (A) 1,067.0

Yass Valley (A) 1,060.6

Kiama (A) 1,054.6

Ryde (C) 1,050.4

Snowy River (A) 1,050.0

Camden (A) 1,047.1

Queanbeyan (C) 1,045.7

Randwick (C) 1,042.7

Conargo (A) 1,040.1

Blue Mountains (C) 1,038.6

Kogarah (C) 1,036.2

Wollondilly (A) 1,033.6

Wingecarribee (A) 1,023.8

Strathfield (A) 1,022.1

Unincorporated NSW 1,021.8 Page 79 of 83 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Marrickville (A) 1,021.6

Hawkesbury (C) 1,020.3

Sydney (C) 1,019.9

Ashfield (A) 1,015.4

Singleton (A) 1,013.0

Hurstville (C) 1,006.9

Upper Lachlan Shire (A) 1,006.3

Gosford (C) 1,006.3

Cabonne (A) 1,000.3

Lockhart (A) 999.3

Jerilderie (A) 997.6

Wagga Wagga (C) 997.6

Penrith (C) 996.3

Burwood (A) 996.1

Lake Macquarie (C) 994.8

Newcastle (C) 993.9

Maitland (C) 992.8

Rockdale (C) 991.2

Bathurst Regional (A) 991.0

Cooma-Monaro (A) 990.6

Greater Hume Shire (A) 989.3

Ballina (A) 988.7

Dungog (A) 988.5

Murray (A) 987.7

Armidale Dumaresq (A) 986.9

Uralla (A) 984.7

Parramatta (C) 983.7

Blayney (A) 982.2

Upper Hunter Shire (A) 981.5

Port Stephens (A) 979.9

Wollongong (C) 979.6

Albury (C) 978.6

Dubbo (C) 977.0

Orange (C) 977.0

Byron (A) 976.6

Oberon (A) 975.9

Wakool (A) 975.7

Botany Bay (C) 975.7

Coolamon (A) 975.1

Bland (A) 974.5

Walcha (A) 973.9

Port Macquarie-Hastings (A) 968.9

Carrathool (A) 968.8

Page 80 of 83 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index Bega Valley (A) 968.7

Shellharbour (C) 968.6

Blacktown (C) 968.5

Muswellbrook (A) 968.2

Corowa Shire (A) 967.8

Holroyd (C) 965.6

Boorowa (A) 963.8

Griffith (C) 963.7

Gundagai (A) 961.6

Mid-Western Regional (A) 961.5

Tamworth Regional (A) 959.9

Tweed (A) 958.5

Coffs Harbour (C) 958.4

Wentworth (A) 957.4

Cobar (A) 956.7

Eurobodalla (A) 955.8

Temora (A) 955.6

Shoalhaven (C) 954.6

Leeton (A) 954.5

Tumbarumba (A) 954.3

Berrigan (A) 954.1

Narrabri (A) 953.4

Lismore (C) 952.7

Bombala (A) 952.5

Wyong (A) 951.7

Goulburn Mulwaree (A) 951.4

Tumut Shire (A) 951.3

Gloucester (A) 951.0

Liverpool (C) 951.0

Bellingen (A) 950.1

Young (A) 947.3

Forbes (A) 946.8

Gunnedah (A) 946.7

Balranald (A) 946.2

Bogan (A) 946.1

Weddin (A) 945.0

Campbelltown (C) 944.8

Parkes (A) 943.5

Harden (A) 941.9

Junee (A) 941.7

Deniliquin (A) 941.6

Cootamundra (A) 941.5

Warren (A) 941.2

Gwydir (A) 939.9 Page 81 of 83 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in New South Wales

Local Government Area 2011 index

Lachlan (A) 938.1

Urana (A) 937.1

Cessnock (C) 936.4

Bourke (A) 932.6

Great Lakes (A) 932.3

Bankstown (C) 931.7

Guyra (A) 931.0

Murrumbidgee (A) 928.3

Cowra (A) 928.0

Hay (A) 927.0

Narromine (A) 926.6

Narrandera (A) 925.2

Lithgow (C) 924.2

Canterbury (C) 922.0

Glen Innes Severn (A) 921.8

Inverell (A) 921.4

Liverpool Plains (A) 921.3

Clarence Valley (A) 919.4

Auburn (C) 916.7

Tenterfield (A) 915.4

Moree Plains (A) 915.1

Greater Taree (C) 913.7

Warrumbungle Shire (A) 911.3

Gilgandra (A) 910.6

Kyogle (A) 907.1

Nambucca (A) 900.0

Broken Hill (C) 899.6

Richmond Valley (A) 899.5

Wellington (A) 893.2

Kempsey (A) 879.7

Coonamble (A) 879.6

Walgett (A) 856.2

Fairfield (C) 854.0

Central Darling (A) 824.4

Brewarrina (A) 788.4

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 82 of 83 About the community profile Demographic change across Australia is recorded by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in the Census collections every five years. Population experts, .id, analyse and convert these raw figures into stories of place to inform council staff, community groups, investors, business, students and the general public. Clarence Valley Council area Community Profile provides demographic analysis for the Council and its suburbs based on results from the 2011, 2006, 2001, 1996 and 1991 Censuses of Population and Housing. The profile is updated with population estimates when the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) releases new figures such as the annual Estimated Resident Population (ERP). Suburb boundaries and Census questions change over time, but .id manages the data to ensure that there is an accurate time series provided for the current geographic boundaries. You can read more about this in the Geography Notes section. Results for Clarence Valley Council area include population, age structure, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, income, qualifications, occupations, employment, unemployment, disability, disadvantage, volunteering, childcare, family structure, household structure, housing tenure, mortgage and rental payments, and the size and type of the dwellings people live in. The Community Profile presents this information in clear maps, tables and charts with concise factual commentary to answer three important questions: 1. What are the characteristics of the people who live here? 2. How are they changing? 3. How do they compare to other areas? This provides the basis for making evidence-based decisions about how to provide services for the community as it changes. You can be confident about the quality of the information as it is derived from Australian Bureau of Statistics data, analysed and presented by population experts and funded by Clarence Valley Council area.

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