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INNOKO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Mcgrath, Alaska ANNUAL

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INNOKO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Mcgrath, Alaska ANNUAL INNOKO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE McGrath, Alaska ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 2002 U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM REVIEW AND APPROVALS INNOKO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE McGrath, Alaska ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 2002 ~J~ '?[L~/o\ Refuge Manager Date Chief of ~~es Date Date REVIEW AND APPROVALS INNOKO NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE McGrath, Alaska ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 2002 /?]·05 ~J~~ II Date Chief of Refuges Date 7ZrJv~v -z./6/r: ------~,~~~----------------- Date TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 6 A. HIGHLIGHTS . 7 B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 1. Summary 8 C. LAND ACQUISITION 1. Fee Title . Nothing to Report 2. Easements . Nothing to Report 3. Other Nothing to Report D. PLANNING 1. Master Plan 11 2. Management Plan Nothing to Report 3. Public Participation. Nothing to Report 4. Compliance with Environmental Mandates Nothing to Report 5. Research and Investigation 11 E. ADMINISTRATION 1. Personnel . 14 2. Youth Programs . Nothing to Report 3. Other Personnel Programs . Nothing to Report 4. Volunteers Program 17 5. Funding 18 6. Safety 18 7. Technical Assistance. 21 8. Other Items 21 F. HABITAT MANAGEMENT 1. General 22 2. Wetlands 23 3. Forests 24 4. Croplands . Nothing to Report 5. Grasslands. Nothing to Report 6. Other Habitats . Nothing to Report 7. Grazing Nothing to Report 8. Haying Nothing to Report 9. Fire Management. 25 10. Pest Control Nothing to Report 11. Water Rights 27 12. Wilderness and Special Areas Nothing to Report 13. WPA Easement Monitoring Nothing to Report G. WILDLIFE 1. Wildlife Diversity 28 2. Endangered and/or Threatened Species Nothing to Report 3. Waterfowl . 28 4. Marsh and Water Birds Nothing to Report 5. Shorebirds, Gulls, Terns and Allied Species Nothing to Report 6. Raptors Nothing to Report 7. Other Migratory Birds 29 8. Game Mammals 31 9. Marine Mammals . Nothing to Report 10. Other Resident Wildlife 32 11. Fisheries Resources . 33 12. Wildlife Propagation and Stocking Nothing to Report 13. Surplus Animal Disposal Nothing to Report 14. Scientific Collections Nothing to Report 15. Animal Control . Nothing to Report 16. Marking and Banding . 34 17. Disease Prevention and Control. Nothing to Report H. PUBLIC USE 1. General 38 2. Outdoor Classrooms-Students 39 3. Outdoor Classrooms-Teachers 42 4. Interpretive Foot Trails . Nothing to Report 5. Interpretive Tour Routes . Nothing to Report 6. Interpretive Exhibits/Demonstrations 42 7. Other Interpretive Programs 43 8. Hunting 44 9. Fishing 45 10. Trapping Nothing to Report 11. Wildlife Observation. Nothing to Report 12. Other Wildlife-Oriented Recreation . Nothing to Report 13. Camping Nothing to Report 14. Picnicking. Nothing to Report 15. Off-Road Vehicling Nothing to Report 16. Other Non-Wildlife Oriented Recreation 46 17. Law Enforcement. 46 18. Cooperating Associations . 47 19. Concessions Nothing to Report 20. Subsistence 47 I. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES 1. New Construction 47 2. Rehabilitation . Nothing to Report 3. Major Maintenance 51 4. Equipment Utilization and Replacement 51 5. Communications Systems Nothing to Report 6. Computer Systems 54 7 • Other. Nothing to Report J. OTHER ITEMS 1. Cooperative Programs. Nothing to Report 2. Other Economic Uses . Nothing to Report 3. Credits 54 K. FEEDBACK 1. Summary Nothing to Report L. INFORMATION PACKET 6 Introduction Innoko National Wildlife Refuge (Refuge) was established December 2, 1980, with the passage of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) . The Refuge is located in west central Alaska, about 270 miles southwest of Fairbanks and 290 miles northwest of Anchorage. The Refuge headquarters is in McGrath, a community located on the south bank of the Kuskokwim River approximately 66 miles east of the Refuge boundary. The exterior boundaries encompass approximately 3.8 million acres. After the conveyance of Native allotments, village and Native regional corporation (Doyon, Inc.) lands, and state lands, the Refuge will consist of approximately 3.5 million acres. Innoko Refuge is a relatively flat plain with the highest point reaching 1,461 feet. Water dominates the landscape with the Yukon River forming the western border of the Refuge; the Innoko, Iditarod, Dishna and Yetna Rivers flow along and through the Innoko Wilderness Area. These rivers tend to be meandering, slow-moving and silt laden. Innumerable small lakes, streams and bogs occur over the southeast quadrant. Many bogs support thick, floating mats of vegetation, which give the appearance of solid ground. Much of this rich wetland area depends on natural extreme water fluctuations as witnessed in almost yearly high spring floods and low fall water levels for nutrient input. Wildfire also plays an important role throughout the Refuge. The vegetation of the Refuge reflects a transition zone between the boreal forest of interior Alaska, and the shrub-land and tundra types common in western and northern Alaska. White spruce dominates in large stands along the rivers where soils are well­ drained. Numerous fires have set vast areas back to earlier seral stages of aspen, birch, and willow. Black spruce muskegs and bogs develop on poorly-drained soils. Dense willow stands are common along the rivers and sloughs. The most conspicuous characteristic of the vegetation is the complex interspersion of plant species. A primary focus of the Refuge is the protection of the extensive wetlands which serve as nesting and breeding habitat for thousands of waterfowl; primarily wigeon, pintail, scaup, white­ fronted geese, Canada geese, tundra and trumpeter swans. Innoko Refuge is well known for its large beaver population as evidenced by the number of lodges and dams scattered throughout the Refuge. Moose are abundant and provide an important source of meat for local residents. The large moose population is attributed to flooding that enhances the growth of willows which are the major winter food of moose. In addition to these 7 species, wolf, black bear, grizzly bear, other furbearers, and caribou inhabit the Refuge. Fish, including salmon, sheefish and especially northern pike, abound in Refuge streams and lakes, supporting both subsistence and sport fisheries. PURPOSES OF INNOKO REFUGE Section 302.3. B of ANILCA sets forth the following major purposes for which the Innoko Refuge was established and shall be managed: (I) to conserve fish and wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diversity including, but not limited to, waterfowl, peregrine falcons, other migratory birds, black bear, moose, furbearers, and other mammals and salmon; (ii) to fulfill the international treaty obligation of the United States with respect to fish and wildlife and their habitats; (iii) to provide the opportunity for continued subsistence uses by local residents; and (iv) to ensure water quality and necessary water quantity within the Refuge. A. Highlights Refuge built first airplane hanger (Section I.l). Received new generator for field camp and started construction of new generator building (Section I.l). Participated in eleventh annual Earth Week celebration at the McGrath School (Section H.7). Put on tenth annual Environmental Education Science camp for rural students (Section H.2) Received new 4x4 Dodge, 1-ton flat bed pickup, with 300 gal Av-gas fuel tank (Section 1.4). Hired temporary pilot and first permanent full time Refuge Operations Specialist (ROS) (Section E.l). Water Rights Filing project finished by the Regional Water Resources Division (Section F.ll). 8 Finished neotropical bird habitat analysis project (Section G. 7) • Refuge Lead Biologist Bob Skinner moved to Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge, in Lewistown MT (Section E .1) • General Biologist Beverly Skinner terminated her position at Innoko Refuge (Section E.1). Several fires burned hundreds of thousands of acres (Section F. 9) • Due to medical reasons, lead pilot, Paul Ladegard worked with Department of Natural Resources (DNR) from June-August to assist with firei (Section E.1). Received second airplane, Piper Super Cub (669), to be shared with Koyukuk/Nowitna Refuge (Section I.4). B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 1. Summary January and December are typically the coldest and darkest months. Daylight begins to increase following the winter solstice in December, so February and March typically bring milder temperatures. In March, the typical weather pattern is full days of sunshine, and above-zero temperatures. April's weather was extremely mild and spring-like. May was an average month with temperatures ranging from low thirties to low eighties. During river break-up, ice jams caused flooding in McGrath around the 13th of May. McGrath was again hit with a near catastrophe when a fire came within 5 miles of the town at the end of May. In mid May the field camp was flooded and crews could not go out until early June. By June, the weather warmed into the 70's with the high temperature reaching 82°F on June 16 and 17. The only unfortunate aspect to all this warmth and sunshine is the unwelcome arrival of the hoards of mosquitoes. July began with little to no rain. As a result of multiple lightening strikes and dry weather, wildfire activities were very high throughout Alaska. August brought the year's highest temperature of 85°F on the 2nd. Along with the warm weather came the start of the fall season with a monthly low of 34°F on the 14th. The mosquitoes were greatly reduced due to the cool temperatures but the gnats and black flies were not affected. 9 The opening of moose season came with the milder temperatures of September. September is one of the most enjoyed months on the Refuge by the staff because of the absence of insects and fall like weather. October is typically the transition month into the long winter, bringing the first taste of below zero temperatures. October is the month that the river usually begins to freeze and the airplane gear is changed from floats to wheel-skis. November brings shorter days and usually colder temperatures.
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