Closed science symposium Ground level
Upper level The Shine Dome
The Australian Academy of Science’s Shine built. Nobody knew how to calculate the stresses Dome was created to reflect the inquiring and created by a 710 tonne concrete dome perched innovative nature of science. on 16 slender supports. This was vital, because if they got it wrong the whole dome might collapse Completed in 1959, and reflecting some of the when the building supports were taken away. more adventurous architectural ideas of that In the end they grappled with the problem by time, the Shine Dome remains one of the most building a one-fortieth scale model to see if it unusual buildings in Australia. would work. The dome (roof, walls and structure combined) Those who trusted the model were proved dives down beneath the still water of its moat right. When the massive concrete dome was to give the sense that it is floating. From the built and the forest of wooden formwork and walkway between the moat and the inner walls, supports removed, the top of the dome dropped the arches provide a 360° panoramic sequence of less than a centimetre as it took its own weight. Canberra and the hills beyond. It was a triumph for those who worked on the The dome came about because the Australian calculations and the model. Academy of Science needed a home. In the early The dome’s foundation stone was laid on 2 May 1950s, under the founding presidency of Sir Mark 1958 by Prime Minister Robert Menzies, and the Oliphant, the new Academy and its 64 Fellows Academy’s founding Fellows Sir John Eccles and set about finding funds to create a building of Sir Mark Oliphant. On 6 May 1959, luminaries its own. Once the Academy had found a suitable of science and politics gathered to witness the site, the next step was to select an architect, so Governor-General, Sir William Slim, officially six architects were invited to submit plans to a open the dome. competitive process. For its unique architecture and status as a The committee wanted a building that would be landmark, the Shine Dome was included in the of a very high order aesthetically, judged from a National Heritage List on 21 September 2005. non-traditional standpoint, so they unanimously For many years the dome has been an iconic approved a radical design submitted by landmark of the national capital. It has featured Australian architect Roy Grounds. At the time, in news backdrops, on posters, postcards, tea Grounds was seen as one of Australia’s most towels and even as a souvenir fridge magnet. influential architects. The Shine Dome, which has won a number of The radically different building created radically national and international architecture awards different problems for the architects and and citations, continues to fascinate visitors engineers involved. Some doubted it could be to Canberra.
Credit: Adi Chopra
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium i Contents
The Shine Dome...... i Speakers...... 21
Welcome message...... 4 Dr Dedi Supriadi Adhuri...... 22 Dr Luky Adrianto...... 22 About the symposium...... 5 Dr Firdaus Agung...... 23 Plenary presentations...... 6 Dr Bachti Alisjahbana...... 23 Professor Ambariyanto...... 23 Agriculture workshop...... 7 Dr Justine Bell-James...... 24 Dr Christine Böttcher...... 24 Marine workshop...... 10 Dr Matthew Briggs...... 25 Health workshop...... 13 Professor James Dale...... 26 Dr Liz Dennis...... 26 Dr Dharmadi...... 27 ...... Presidents 17 Dr Fenny Dwivany...... 28 Professor Andrew Holmes...... 17 Dr Jeff Ellis...... 28 Professor Sangkot Marzuki...... 17 Professor Bob Furbank...... 29 Professor Bronwyn Gillanders...... 29 Professor Andrew Grulich...... 30 Convenors...... 19 Dr Sarah Hamylton...... 30 Dr Nani Hendiarti...... 31 Professor David Cooper...... 19 Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg...... 32 Dr Fenny Dwivany...... 19 Associate Professor Andrew Holmes...... 32 Dr T J Higgins...... 19 Professor Jane Hunter...... 33 Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg...... 20 Professor Johannes Hutabarat...... 33 Professor Jamaluddin Jompa...... 20 Professor John Kaldor...... 34 Dr Jim Peacock...... 20 Dr John Kirkegaard...... 34 Dr Herawati Sudoyo...... 20 Dr Alan F Koropitan...... 35 Dr Colin Limpus...... 36 Professor Stephen Locarnini...... 36 Participants...... 56 Dr Safarina Malik...... 37 ...... Professor Asmi Citra Malina...... 38 Dr Ines Atmosukarto 56 ...... Associate Professor Louise Maple-Brown..... 38 Benjamin Bavinton 56 ...... Associate Professor Catriona Macleod...... 38 Dr Beben Benyamin 56 ...... Professor Ben Marais...... 39 Dr Nikola Bowden 56 ...... Dr Stuart Minchin...... 40 Dr Maisuri T Chalid 57 ...... Professor Sofia Mubarika...... 40 Associate Professor Drew Evans 57 ...... Professor David Handojo Muljono...... 41 Dr Aysha Fleming 57 ...... Professor Daniel Murdiyarso...... 42 Bonnie Flohr 57 ...... Professor Brendan Murphy...... 43 Dr Roslyn Hickson 57 ...... Professor Bruce Neal...... 44 Dr Topik Hidayat 58 ...... Dr Satya Nugroho...... 44 Muhammad Rizal Khaefi 58 ...... Professor Scott O’Neill...... 45 Elan Lazuardi 58 ...... Dr Nicholas Paul...... 45 Dr Jonggun Lee 58 ...... Dr Tirto Prakoso...... 46 Professor Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto 59 ...... Professor Bambang Purwoko...... 47 Professor Daniel Murdiyarso 59 ...... Professor Susanne Schmidt...... 47 Dr Sudirman Nasir 59 ...... Dr Surinder Singh...... 48 Dr Elizabeth New 59 ...... Professor Ian Small...... 48 Judy Hart 60 ...... Professor Natalie Stoeckl...... 49 Dr Husna Nugrahapraja 60 ...... Professor Ketut Suastika...... 50 Dr Nicole Robinson 61 ...... Dr Siti Subandiyah...... 50 Dr Panca Jarot Santoso 61 ...... Dr Yanri W Subronto...... 51 Dr Widhi Dyah Sawitri 61 ...... Professor Bambang Sugiharto...... 51 Dr Upendra Shekhawat 61 ...... Professor Suharsono...... 52 Dr Raghvendra Sharma 62 ...... Dr Agus Sutanto...... 52 Dr Alexander H Soeriyadi 62 ...... Professor Adi Utarini...... 53 Dr Ghitarina Syamsu Mappa 62 ...... Dr David Wachenfeld...... 53 Dr Yosmina Tapilatu 63 ...... Professor Ketut Wikantika...... 54 Dr Aiyen Tjoa 63 Luh Putu Lila Wulandari...... 63 Dr Anyu Zhu...... 63
Symposium organisers...... 64 Event information...... 66 Welcome message
The universal language of science plays an delighted to co-host the inaugural Australia– important role in building relationships across Indonesia Science Symposium. This seminal national borders. As close neighbours, Indonesia event will gather early- and mid-career and Australia share many of the same interests researchers, established scientists, public and and concerns regarding the human and private sector organisations, and journalists from environmental issues facing us in our rapidly both countries, with the aim of generating vibrant changing world. Our two countries also have a scientific discussion and increased enthusiasm long history of research collaboration between for scientific cooperation. It is our hope that governments, public research agencies, and this event will create a better understanding of universities, spanning a wide array of topics. the pivotal role of science in supporting both Indonesia and Australia to thrive and excel, and The Australian Academy of Science and the will foster existing links and build new ones Indonesian Academy of Sciences strive to which will help bring our nations closer together. promote a culture of scientific excellence in their respective countries. To this end, we are
Andrew Holmes Sangkot Marzuki President, Australian Academy of Science President, Indonesian Academy of Sciences
4 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium About the symposium
Australia and Indonesia are closely intertwined is the uses and transformative potential of geographically, politically, economically and ‘big data’ and other emerging technologies. socially. The two countries share many of the The symposium will bring together members same issues and challenges, including climate of the Australian and Indonesian scientific change, sustainable agriculture and infectious Academies, early- and mid-career researchers, diseases. Australia and Indonesia stand to and government agencies. In addition to public benefit from collaboration and exchange in events showcasing scientific research from developing solutions to these shared challenges both countries, the event will include in-depth and furthering their common interests. exchanges between Australian and Indonesian The Australia–Indonesia Science Symposium scientists working on questions of common seeks to promote scientific collaboration concern. Researchers from both countries will between Australia and Indonesia. The purpose is also be able to explore opportunities for funding, to enhance scientific cooperation and exchange, discuss career pathways in science, and and strengthen people-to-people links between examine the challenges in linking science the two countries. The symposium builds on to policy in both countries. existing partnerships between Australian and The symposium is jointly organised by the Indonesian scientists, universities and public Australian Academy of Science, the Indonesian research institutions, many of which date back Academy of Sciences (AIPI), the Australian several decades. Early- and Mid-Career Researcher Forum, and The symposium focuses on science that is of the Indonesian Young Academy of Sciences mutual interest to Australia and Indonesia. The (ALMI) with the support of the Australian themes for 2016 are health, marine and climate Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and change, and agriculture. A cross-cutting theme the Knowledge Sector Initiative.
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 5 Program Plenary presentations Tuesday 29 November
8.30 – 8.45 Welcome Professor Sangkot Marzuki AO, President, Indonesian Academy of Sciences Professor Andrew Holmes AM, President, Australian Academy of Science
8.45 – 9.25 Professor Scott O’Neill Institute of Vector-Borne Disease, Monash University The use of Wolbachia to control the transmission of Aedes aegypti–associated viruses: the Eliminate Dengue Program
9.25 – 10.05 Dr Stuart Minchin Geoscience Australia The Australian Geoscience Data Cube
10.05 – 10.45 Professor Daniel Murdiyarso Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bogor Agricultural University Blue carbon science for sustainable coastal development
10.45 – 11.10 Morning tea
11.10 – 11.50 Dr Liz Dennis CSIRO Agriculture and Food Agriculture: putting genes to work–the mystery of hybrids
11.50 – 12.30 Professor Jane Hunter eResearch Lab, University of Queensland Big data and disruptive technologies
12.30 – 1.30 Lunch
1.30 Concurrent workshops commence
6 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Workshops Agriculture Tuesday 29 November
Session 1: Oil seeds and biofuels
1.30 – 1.50 Dr Surinder Singh CSIRO Agriculture and Food Designer plant oils through metabolic engineering
1.50 – 1.55 Q&A
1.55 – 2.15 Dr Tirto Prakoso Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung Plant seed oils properties and processing for biofuels
2.15 – 2.20 Q&A
Session 2: Banana improvement
2.20 – 2.40 Professor James Dale Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities Queensland University of Technology Multiple disease resistant bananas
2.40 – 2.45 Q&A
2.45 – 3.05 Dr Agus Sutanto Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute Indonesian Musa diversity: from exploration to utilisation
3.05 – 3.10 Q&A
3.10 – 3.40 Afternoon tea break
Session 3: Sugarcane
3.40 – 4.00 Professor Susanne Schmidt School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland Nitrogen efficiency of sugarcane cropping
4.00 – 4.05 Q&A
4.05 – 4.25 Professor Bambang Sugiharto Centre for Development of Advanced Science and Technology University of Jember The role and regulation of sucrose-phosphate synthase from sugarcane
4.25 – 4.30 Q&A
4.30 – 5.15 Panel discussion
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 7 Wednesday 30 November
Session 4: Crop management
8.30 – 8.50 Dr John Kirkegaard CSIRO Agriculture and Food Australia’s conservation farming revolution
8.50 – 8.55 Q&A
8.55 – 9.15 Professor Bambang Purwoko Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University Rice crop management
9.15 – 9.20 Q&A
Session 5: Geographic information systems
9.20 – 9.40 Professor Bob Furbank ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis Australian National University Photosynthesis and food security: a new green revolution
9.40 – 9.45 Q&A
9.45 – 10.05 Professor Ketut Wikantika Remote Sensing and GIS Research Division, Institut Teknologi Bandung Remote sensing and GIS approaches to monitor Indonesian agriculture for supporting national food security
10.05 – 10.10 Q&A
10.10 – 10.40 Morning tea break
Session 6: Aquaculture
10.40 – 11.00 Dr Matthew Briggs Ridley AgriProducts Novacq: the path to sustainability
11.00 – 11.05 Q&A
11.05 – 11.25 Professor Johannes Hutabarat Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University Local protein sources available for aquafeeds development
11.25 – 11.30 Q&A
Session 7: Frontier technologies
11.30 – 11.50 Professor Ian Small ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Designing and creating energy-efficient hybrids
8 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 11.50 – 11.55 Q&A
11.55 – 12.15 Dr Satya Nugroho Research Center for Biotechnology Research Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Studies and development of abiotic stress tolerant rice
12.15 – 12.20 Q&A
12.20 – 12.40 Panel discussion
12.40 – 1.40 Lunch break
Session 8: Crops and diseases
1.40 – 2.00 Dr Jeff Ellis CSIRO Agriculture and Food The use of genetic disease resistance to control crop diseases
2.00 – 2.05 Q&A
2.05 – 2.25 Dr Siti Subandiyah Research Center for Biotechnology, Universitas Gadjah Mada Diagnosis and management of horticultural crop diseases
2.25 – 2.30 Q&A
Session 9: Horticulture
2.30 – 2.50 Dr Christine Böttcher CSIRO Agriculture and Food Hormonal control of grape berry ripening
2.50 – 2.55 Q&A
2.55 – 3.15 Dr Fenny Dwivany School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung Banana fruit ripening transcriptomics study and application in Indonesia
3.15 – 3.20 Q&A
3.20 – 3.50 Afternoon tea break
3.50 – 4.20 Panel discussion
4.20 – 4.30 Move to theatre for closing session
4.30 – 5.30 Closing session
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 9 Marine science and climate change Tuesday 29 November
Session 1: Coral reefs and change
1.30 – 1.50 Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Global Change Institute, University of Queensland Meeting the challenge of change: the Great Barrier Reef
1.50 – 1.55 Q&A
1.55 – 2.15 Professor Suharsono Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
2.15 – 2.20 Q&A
Session 2: Blue carbon and coastal ecosystems
2.20 – 2.40 Dr Alan Koropitan Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University Marine biogeochemical flux in the slope region of Java–Flores seas
2.40 – 2.45 Q&A
2.45 – 3.05 Dr Justine Bell-James TC Beirne School of Law, University of Queensland An introduction to blue carbon: science and policy
3.05 – 3.10 Q&A
3.10 – 3.40 Afternoon tea break
Session 3: Managing megafauna
3.40 – 4.00 Dr Dharmadi Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Managing megafauna in Indonesia: challenges and opportunities
4.00 – 4.05 Q&A
4.05 – 4.25 Dr Colin Limpus Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage Protection Managing marine megafauna in the Indonesian–Australian region
4.25 – 4.30 Q&A
4.30 – 5.15 Panel discussion
10 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Wednesday 30 November
Session 4: Coastal livelihoods
8.30 – 8.50 Professor Natalie Stoeckl James Cook University Climate change, marine ecosystems and human wellbeing
8.50 – 8.55 Q&A
8.55 – 9.15 Dr Dedi Supriadi Adhuri Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Combining resource management and livelihood development
9.15 – 9.20 Q&A
Session 5: Tropical aquaculture
9.20 – 9.40 Dr Nicholas Paul College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University Challenges and opportunities for tropical aquaculture in Australia and Indonesia
9.40 – 9.45 Q&A
9.45 – 10.05 Professor Asmi Citra Malina Hasanuddin University
10.05 – 10.10 Q&A
10.10 – 10.40 Morning tea break
Session 6: Small-scale fisheries
10.40 – 11.00 Dr Luky Adrianto Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University Building marine and fisheries knowledge management systems through university and research networks in Indonesia
11.00 – 11.05 Q&A
11.05 – 11.25 Professor Bronwyn Gillanders School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide Fishing in a multiple-use marine environment
11.25 – 11.30 Q&A
Session 7: Remote sensing
11.30 – 11.50 Dr Sarah Hamylton School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong Remote sensing of climate change in marine environments: mapping, monitoring and modelling
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 11 11.50 – 11.55 Q&A
11.55 – 12.15 Dr Nani Hendiarti Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs Remote sensing technology for sustainable ocean management in Indonesian seas
12.15 – 12.20 Q&A
12.20 – 12.40 Panel discussion
12.40 – 1.40 Lunch break
Session 8: Coastal resource management
1.40 – 2.00 Professor Ambariyanto Diponegoro University Development of marine endangered species protection in Indonesia: problems and prospects
2.00 – 2.05 Q&A
2.05 – 2.25 Associate Professor Catriona Macleod Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania Coastal resource management: an overview of some globally relevant issues from an Australian perspective
2.25 – 2.30 Q&A
Session 9: Managing marine parks
2.30 – 2.50 Dr Firdaus Agung Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries
2.50 – 2.55 Q&A
2.55 – 3.15 Dr David Wachenfeld Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Protecting the Great Barrier Reef in the 21st Century: challenges and opportunities
3.15 – 3.20 Q&A
3.20 – 3.50 Afternoon tea break
3.50 – 4.20 Panel discussion
4.20 – 4.30 Move to theatre for closing session
4.30 – 5.30 Closing session
12 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Health Tuesday 29 November
Session 1: Diabetes and metabolic syndrome
1.30 – 1.55 Associate Professor Louise Maple-Brown Menzies School of Health Research Diabetes and related conditions among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities
1.55 – 2.00 Q&A
2.00 – 2.25 Professor Ketut Suastika Udayana University Obesity and type 2 diabetes in Indonesia
2.25 – 2.30 Q&A
Session 2: Tuberculosis
2.30 – 2.55 Professor Ben Marais Marie Bashir Institute, University of Sydney The rise of drug-resistant tuberculosis and how children are affected by the global epidemic
2.55 – 3.00 Q&A
3.00 – 3.25 Dr Bachti Alisjahbana Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University Tuberculosis and infectious disease research in Indonesia: translating research into action is a necessity
3.25 – 3.30 Q&A
3.30 – 4.00 Afternoon tea break
Session 3: Hepatitis B
4.00 – 4.25 Professor Stephen Locarnini Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory Can hepatitis B be cured? New viral targets and therapies
4.25 – 4.30 Q&A
4.30 – 4.55 Professor David Handojo Muljono Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology From epidemiological and biological findings to clinical and public health impacts: hepatitis B is a model
4.55 – 5.00 Q&A
5.00 – 5.15 Panel discussion
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 13 Wednesday 30 November
Session 4: Cardiovascular disease
9.00 – 9.25 Professor Bruce Neal George Institute for Global Health Clinical versus public health strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention
9.25 – 9.30 Q&A
9.30 – 9.55 To be confirmed
9.55 – 10.00 Q&A
10.00 – 10.30 Morning tea break Session 5: Cancer (HPV and NPC)
10.30 – 10.55 Professor Andrew Grulich Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia Prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anal cancer in people with HIV
10.55 – 11.00 Q&A
11.00 – 11.25 Professor Sofia Mubarika Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HPV related cancers in Indonesia: an attempt to decrease the incidence through prevention, diagnostic and immunotherapy approaches
11.25 – 11.30 Q&A Session 6: Emerging infections
11.30 – 11.55 Professor Brendan Murphy Australian Department of Health Emerging infectious diseases and pandemic threats: an Australian perspective
11.55 – 12.00 Q&A
12.00 – 12.25 Professor Adi Utarini Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada
12.25 – 12.30 Q&A
12.30 – 12.40 Panel discussion
12.40 – 1.40 Lunch break Session 7: HIV
1.40 – 2.05 Professor John Kaldor Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia Research collaborations to improve uptake of HIV testing and treatment in Indonesia
14 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 2.05 – 2.10 Q&A
2.10 – 2.35 Dr Yanri Subronto Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada HIV in Indonesia: challenges and opportunities
2.35 – 2.40 Q&A Session 8: Microbiome
2.40 – 3.05 Associate Professor Andrew Holmes School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney Diet, genetics and microbes in the global epidemic of modern lifestyle diseases
3.05 – 3.10 Q&A
3.10 – 3.35 Dr Safarina Malik Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology IMELDA: linking genetic diversity, gut microbiota and lifestyle disease
3.35 – 3.40 Q&A
3.40 – 4.10 Afternoon tea break
4.10 – 4.20 Panel discussion
4.20 – 4.30 Move to theatre for closing session
4.30 – 5.30 Closing session
AISS Australia Indonesia Science Symposium 15 Presidents
16 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Professor Professor Andrew Holmes and the Descartes Prize. is a laureate professor of He was elected to the Academy Andrew Holmes the School of Chemistry at in 2006 and served as Foreign President, the University of Melbourne. Secretary from 2010 to 2014. Australian Academy of Science In October 2004 he was He became President of the appointed ARC Federation Academy in May 2014. Fellow and inaugural VESKI Fellow at the Bio21 Institute at the University of Melbourne and at CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies. Professor Holmes has been recognised for his groundbreaking work on light-emitting polymers. He has also been the recipient of a long list of awards including the Royal Society’s Royal Medal
Professor Professor Sangkot Marzuki is University of Queensland, the President of the Indonesian and Professor of Medicine Sangkot Marzuki Academy of Sciences. He at the University of Sydney. President, graduated from the Faculty He has also served on the Indonesian Academy of Sciences of Medicine at Universitas Indonesian National Research Indonesia in 1968, then Council (1994-2004) and continued his studies at Higher Education Council Mahidol University in Bangkok, (1996-2000; 2003-2008), as where he received an MSc in Governing Council Member of 1971. He received a PhD from the Asia-Pacific International Monash University in 1975. Molecular Biology Network His scientific interests are (1998-2008), and as Chairman in the biogenesis of energy of the Asia Pacific Network transducing membranes of Human Geneticists (1995- and related human genetic 2005). Professor Sangkot’s disorders, an interest he contribution to science has developed during his 17 years been recognised by a number at the Faculty of Medicine at of awards, including a higher Monash University. Between doctorate from Monash 1992 and 2014 he served as University in 1998, a Doctor the director of the Eijkman Honoris Causa from Utrecht Institute for Molecular Biology University in 2006, and in Jakarta where he extended Doctor of Science Honoris his interests to encompass Causa from the University of human genome diversity and Queensland in 2010. In 2010, infectious diseases. He has Professor Marzuki received held honorary appointments an Order of Australia for his as Professor of Medicine ongoing service to Australia– at Monash University, Indonesia relations through Professor of Medical Sciences scientific collaboration and at Universitas Indonesia, the promotion of Australian Professor of Biochemistry tertiary education in Indonesia. and Molecular Biology at the
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 17 Convenors
18 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Professor University Hospital in Future program which was Bangkok, Thailand. Currently, Indonesia’s first space biology David Cooper he is leading several large experiment. Dr Dwivany has Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia international clinical trials been awarded an International and cohorts to optimise L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Science Fellowship (2007), in low- and middle-income an Australia Award (2010), countries. He has been author the Schlumberger Foundation or co-author of more than 800 Faculty for the Future Award peer-reviewed publications, (2011), the Science and has served on the editorial Technology Award (2012) from boards of many journals and the Indonesian Government, maintains a clinical practice at and Karya Inovasi (2015) from St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney. Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Dr Fenny Dwivany Dr TJ Higgins David Cooper, Scientia School of Life Sciences and CSIRO Agriculture and Food Professor of Medicine at the Technology, Institut Teknologi University of New South Wales, Bandung is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences. He is Director of the Kirby Institute for infection and immunity in society, which is funded by the Australian Government to conduct research into the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Australia, with the ultimate aim of reducing TJ Higgins’ research the burden of the HIV/AIDS interest is the application epidemic for the affected Fenny Dwivany was awarded of biotechnology to plant community. Kirby Institute her PhD in biology from the improvement. He is particularly work also includes extensive University of Melbourne in interested in protecting research into viral hepatitis, HIV 2003. She is an associate legumes from insect pests biomedical prevention studies, professor at the School of and enhancing the nutritional laboratory-based research, Life Sciences and Technology, quality of plant products for sexual health, Indigenous Institut Teknologi Bandung. feed and food uses. Dr Higgins health and numerous Her group dubs itself the has made contributions to our international collaborations. ‘banana group’, due to its knowledge of seed protein Professor Cooper’s previous research interests in bananas biology, to the development of positions include President of (www.thebananagroup.org). biotechnological techniques the International AIDS Society Its projects focus on big data for grain and pasture legume (IAS) and Chairman of the using a multi-omics approach improvement and to the World Health Organization- that correlates biodiversity, development of grain legumes UNAIDS HIV Vaccine Advisory disease and fruit ripening, that are protected from Committee (VAC). He is a as well as examining the use coleopteran and lepidopteran former director of HIV-NAT, of advanced nanomaterials insect damage both in the field a clinical research and trials as bio-fungicides, and edible and during storage. His focus collaboration based at the coatings to delay fruit ripening. is on international agriculture, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Her group is also involved in especially in Africa and India. Centre at the Chulalongkorn the Space Seeds for Asian
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 19 Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Global Change Institute, University of Queensland
and was awarded a PhD Dr Peacock was Australia’s from James Cook University, Chief Scientist from March Queensland, in 2001. Professor 2006 to August 2008. An Jompa is a senior lecturer and outstanding scientist with a currently serves as Dean of record of academic excellence, the Faculty of Marine Sciences he is highly respected by the and Fisheries, Universitas science, engineering and Ove Hoegh-Guldberg is the Hasanuddin. From 2004 to technology community. inaugural director of the Global 2013, he served as Director of He was President of the Change Institute (GCI) in the Research and Development Australian Academy of Science Brisbane, which focuses on the Center for Marine, Coasts from 2002 to 2006. Dr Peacock challenges that face humanity and Small Islands, is an award-winning molecular with respect to healthy oceans, Universitas Hasanuddin. In biologist and fervent science food security, clean energy and 2007, Professor Jompa was advocate. He is recognised sustainable water. Professor seconded to the Indonesian internationally as an eminent Hoegh-Guldberg also leads an Ministry of Marine Affairs researcher in the field of active research group that is and Fisheries, managing plant molecular biology and focused on the biology of coral and directing the national its applications in agriculture. reefs and the marine impacts Coral Reef Rehabilitation and He is a strong advocate for of climate change, and is one Management Program Phase the integration of science and of the most cited scientists on II (COREMAP-II). In the last global business, and drives climate change with over 300 few years, he has also been innovative communication peer-reviewed publications. involved in various programs efforts to inform the general He is a Fellow of the Australian and organisations, including public of the outcomes and Academy of Science, becoming the president of the value of modern science. He coordinating lead author of Indonesian Young Academy has brought the excitement the IPCC (AR5), and has been of Sciences (ALMI), Chairman of science to a broad cross- recognised by a Eureka Prize of the South Sulawesi Sea section of the community and in 1999, the Prince Albert II of Partnership Program, to Australian school students. Monaco Climate Change Award President of the Association of in 2014, and a Banksia Award Diving School International— in 2016. Indonesia, and a member Dr Herawati Sudoyo of National Fisheries Stock Eijkman Institute for Assessment. Professor Molecular Biology Jamaluddin Jompa Hasanuddin University Dr Jim Peacock CSIRO Agriculture and Food Jamaluddin Jompa was born in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Jim Peacock is a Fellow at He graduated from McMaster CSIRO and Distinguished University, Canada, with a Professor at the University master’s degree in 1996, of Technology, Sydney.
20 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Speakers Dr Dedi Centre in the Netherlands; the Research Institute for Supriadi Adhuri Humanity and Nature (RIHN) in Indonesian Institute of Kyoto; and the Refugee Studies Sciences (LIPI) Centre at Oxford University. Combining resource management and livelihood development: some reflections from two project implementations on ecosystem-based fisheries management Luky Adrianto has a Bachelor of Science in fisheries science This presentation examines from the Institut Pertanian two projects implementing Bogor (Bogor Agricultural the Ecosystem Approach to University) and a Master of Fisheries Management (EAFM) Science in fisheries science Dedi Supriadi Adhuri has in Flores Timur, East Nusa from the Graduate School over 20 years’ experience Tenggara, and in Jor Bay, East of Fisheries, Kagoshima researching social conflict, Lombok, Indonesia. The first University, Japan. He was ethnicity, marine resource is the implementation of a awarded a PhD from the United management and governance conventional EAFM approach Graduate School of Marine (community-based and co- by which the Flores Timur Environmental Sciences, management), fisheries District, the World Wildlife Kagoshima University, conflict, post-disaster coastal/ Fund and universities based in majoring in fisheries resource fisheries rehabilitation and Kupang worked collaboratively management in 2004. Dr development, and community towards the formulation of Adrianto has been working development. In the last district policies pertaining for more than 15 years in two years, he has also been to fisheries management in coastal and marine resource involved in studies of coastal Flores Timur. The second management, including communities and climate was the implementation of fisheries. His work has been change as well as cultural a project in Jor Bay, East published in Marine Policy, heritage management in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. the Environmental Impact Indonesia. Formally educated While the general framework Assessment Review and at the Research School of of this second project was Environment, Development Pacific and Asian Studies designed around EAFM, in its and Sustainability, as well as in at the Australian National implementation the projects reputable journals on related University, Canberra, he has took different directions. While studies in Indonesia. In 2010, also accumulated knowledge the former took a conventional he published the Food and about these issues through his approach, the latter was also Agriculture Organization of experience as the coordinator combined with a livelihood the United Nations’ technical of the Maritime Study Group approach. By comparing book on mainstreaming at the Research Center these two cases, I argue fisheries co-management for Society and Culture, that the combination of both in Indonesia and, funded by Indonesian Institute of approaches is complementary the International Collective Sciences (LIPI), and through and may be necessary to in Support of Fishworkers participation in various achieve environmental and (ICSF), published the book fellowship programs. The social sustainability. Local construction of fisheries latter includes fellowships at management in Indonesia. the Resource Management in With other colleagues from the Asia–Pacific Program (RMAP) Dr Luky Adrianto ZMT Bremen, he co-led the at the Australian National Faculty of Fisheries and Marine SPICE II Cluster 6 on Social- University; the Wageningen Sciences, Bogor Agricultural Ecological System Analysis for University and Research University Coastal and Marine Resources
22 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Governance 2005–2010. He responsible for conservation Collaboration has seen rapid was also an author of Coral partnership development with advancements in research governance in Indonesia the private sector, universities, into TB, HIV and infectious (IPB Press, 2013). research institutions, and non- diseases in our institution. government organisations, With an urgent need for Building marine and local, national and international. infectious disease control, we fisheries knowledge would expect that subsequent management systems projects would focus on making through university and a societal impact. Indonesian research networks in Dr Bachti Alisjahbana investigators have been Indonesia actively involved in providing Faculty of Medicine, contributions to the National This presentation will focus on Padjajaran University initiatives to build knowledge Programs, and a number management systems in Bachti Alisjahbana completed of laboratory technologies fisheries and marine resource his medical studies at derived from research projects governance in Indonesia by the Faculty of Medicine, have also been utilised in strengthening and enriching Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta clinical services. In spite of knowledge networks in the (1989), and conducted his such positive progress, several fisheries and marine sectors. field duty in the Central challenges remain. Generally, Highlands of Papua (1990– in terms of human resources, 1993). Following his residency the overall capacity to conduct Dr Firdaus Agung in internal medicine at research is still low. In many the Faculty of Medicine, areas, the implementation of Indonesian Ministry of Marine Universitas Padjadjaran, new laboratory techniques Affairs and Fisheries in 1999, he became a staff is hampered by the lack of member of the department, supporting policies while, in with a focus on infectious terms of funding, national diseases. Dr Alisjahbana resources tend to be directed began contributing to research towards research concerned projects while undertaking with biomedical products. his PhD at the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center in the Netherlands Professor (2000–2007), and has continued Ambariyanto to lead many investigators and Diponegoro University projects related to TB, HIV and general infectious diseases Firdaus Agung has a bachelor’s in Bandung. He is currently degree in marine science Chair of the TB–HIV Research and a master’s degree in Center, Faculty of Medicine, coastal management from Universitas Padjadjaran. Aarhus University, Denmark. He is also Chair of the He completed a PhD in Operational Research integrated coastal and disaster Group which promotes management at James Cook implementation of research for University, Queensland, and has improvement of the National been working at the Indonesian Tuberculosis Program. Ministry of Marine Affairs Tuberculosis and infectious and Fisheries since 2000. Professor Ambariyanto is a He was Deputy Director for disease research in Indonesia: translating marine scientist working at Conservation Use from 2013 to Diponegoro University, 2015 and was appointed Deputy research into action is a necessity Indonesia. He completed his Director for Conservation master’s degree at the Partnerships in 2016, University of North Wales,
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 23 Bangor, and his PhD at the collaboration with Australian An introduction to blue University of Sydney. His main marine scientists will be carbon: science and policy research interests are marine discussed. endangered species and This presentation will biodiversity of marine commence with an introduction organisms. Professor Dr Justine to blue carbon, including a brief Ambariyanto has been working Bell-James overview of the science, and the in collaboration with various opportunities and challenges TC Beirne School of Law, foreign researchers, has for developing projects in this University of Queensland experience working closely space. It will then provide an with coastal communities, update on the work currently (especially on the management under way in this area, including of coral reef and mangrove the establishment of the rehabilitation and conservation) International Partnership for and is often asked to assist Blue Carbon, involving Australia local governments in Indonesia and Indonesia. Finally, it will to help solve problems relating provide an analysis of some of to coastal and marine areas. the key legal issues which need to be addressed in the blue Development of marine carbon area. endangered species protection in Indonesia: problems and prospects Justine Bell-James teaches Dr Christine Böttcher Increasing utilisation of undergraduate and CSIRO Agriculture and Food marine resources without postgraduate courses in the regard for sustainability will areas of environmental law and lead to the extinction of such property law. Dr Bell-James resources. The process will be obtained a PhD from the quicker if there is no attempt Queensland University of to stop it, including by giving Technology in 2010, and was protection to those organisms. awarded an ARC-funded However, protection of marine Postdoctoral Fellowship in endangered species will not be 2011. She undertook her successful if there are many postdoctoral research at the problems hindering the process. Global Change Institute at the This presentation will discuss University of Queensland, focusing on legal, policy and existing problems in protecting Christine Böttcher began her insurance responses to coastal marine endangered species career as a plant physiologist hazards and sea-level rise. in Indonesia. Some of these at the Ruhr-University Bochum, Dr Bell-James’s research include community awareness Germany, studying the focuses on legal mechanisms about protected marine signalling properties of the for protection of the coast, organisms, rapid development defence-related plant hormone drawing upon environmental, in coastal areas, destructive jasmonic acid and the role of planning, property and tort law. fishing, and the quality of jasmonate-containing lipids in In addition to her work on marine protected areas (MPAs). the model plant Arabidopsis. sea-level rise, she is also Recent developments in Following the completion of her particularly interested in novel Indonesia hold out the promise PhD in 2007, she moved to legal mechanisms for of better protection for marine CSIRO in Adelaide to work on protection of coastal organisms. These include wine industry–funded projects ecosystems like mangroves the role of conventional and addressing the understanding and seagrass, protection of social media, improvements and manipulation of grape berry the Great Barrier Reef, and in legislation and policies, as ripening. The main focus of Dr biodiversity offsets in the well as the establishment of Böttcher’s work is to unravel MPAs. The need for stronger coastal context.
24 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium the molecular mechanisms Dr Matthew Briggs commercialisation project, that are involved in the managing all aspects of the regulation of the timing and Ridley AgriProducts project producing and rate of berry ripening and to marketing NovacqTM in investigate how plant growth Australia, Thailand and regulator applications can southeast Asia. be used to manipulate these processes. Novacq: the path to sustainability Hormonal control of grape berry ripening Over the past 10 years, CSIRO has developed a microbial Fruit ripening is a complex process which is used to process which seems to be produce a bioactive substance largely regulated by plant within a special microbial floc hormones. In contrast to which acts as a metabolic climacteric fruit, the ripening Matthew Briggs has 30 years’ stimulant in crustaceans. of non-climacteric fruit (for aquaculture experience This process utilises low- example, strawberries and specialising in shrimp farming, cost agricultural by-products grapes) is less dependent on and a PhD in shrimp culture to produce a sustainable, ethylene and is controlled and nutrition from the Institute environmentally friendly, by several other hormones. of Aquaculture, University of highly effective raw material We are investigating the Stirling, Scotland. He has called Novacq which is grown, role of hormones during worked worldwide in research, harvested and dried before grape berry development development and training, and inclusion in feeds. and are testing their ability managing shrimp health, to manipulate ripening. The breeding, larval rearing and Including Novacq into the application of some hormones grow-out projects for diet increases food intake (for example, abscisic acid international NGOs (including and improves feed efficiency. and brassinosteroids) can the Food and Agriculture Because of this, the animal advance the onset of berry Organization of the United will grow faster and use less ripening (veraison); others Nations, and the Network of feed—saving money, as feed (for example, auxins) delay it. Aquaculture Centres in Asia– accounts for 50 per cent of Of particular interest is the Pacific) and private companies. the operational cost of prawn ability of synthetic auxins to This has included extended farming. Novacq is also able retard grape berry ripening periods in the United Kingdom, to help completely replace and therefore harvest, which Kenya, Indonesia, Ecuador, the use of fishery resources has multiple advantages for Thailand, Vietnam, Australia in the diet, and even reduce wine producers facing the and other countries. Between the optimum levels of dietary challenges of a changing 2002 and 2013, Dr Briggs was protein, further reducing cost climate. A decrease in the Director of his own company, and effluent discharge, while concentration of indole-3- Vannamei 101, based in increasing sustainability. acetic acid (IAA), the most Thailand, as a consultant and Novacq also seems to improve abundant auxin in plants, trainer on shrimp breeding, disease resistance and occurs during the pre-veraison hatchery and grow-out promote maturation and stage of berry development, projects, product and larval development. whereas a conjugate of IAA broodstock/PL sales, working Ridley AgriProducts has with aspartic acid (Asp) in the shrimp culture industry secured the exclusive licences accumulates throughout the throughout Asia and Latin from CSIRO to produce and ripening phase. The role of IAA America. Since 2013, he has market Novacq in Australia, and IAA-Asp in the ripening been employed by Ridley Thailand, Indonesia, the of fruit as well as potential AgriProducts in Australia, Philippines and Malaysia, interactions with ethylene will working together with CSIRO and is currently producing in be discussed. as Technical Project Manager Australia and will soon begin of the NovacqTM (biofloc meal) production and sales in Asia.
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 25 This presentation will outline disease resistance projects are Dr Liz Dennis the use of Novacq in diets aimed at resistance to banana for various crustaceans and bunchy top virus and Fusarium CSIRO Agriculture and Food provide data gathered from wilt Tropical Race 4, with field numerous trials conducted trials in Malawi and the using this product. Northern Territory. Multiple disease–resistant Professor bananas James Dale Banana production worldwide Centre for Tropical Crops and is constrained by a multitude Biocommodities, Queensland of diseases. The big four University of Technology are black Sigatoka, a leaf disease caused by the fungus James Dale was the Mycosphaerella fijiensis; foundation director of the Fusarium wilt or Panama Liz Dennis is a Fellow at CSIRO Centre for Tropical Crops disease Tropical Race 4, a Agriculture and Food in and Biocommodities at the soil-borne disease caused Canberra and a Distinguished Queensland University of by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Professor at the University of Technology. His research cubense (Foc TR4); banana Technology, Sydney. Dr Dennis interests are the biofortification bunchy top caused by banana is a past president of the of bananas and the bunchy top virus (BBTV); Australian Society for and banana Xanthomonas Biochemistry and Molecular wilt caused by the bacteria Biology. She is a Fellow of the Xanthomonas campestris Australian Academy of pv musacearum. The most Technology and Engineering appropriate control for and of the Australian Academy these diseases is to develop of Science. She was Chair of resistant cultivars. That can be the Multinational Arabidopsis achieved through conventional Steering Committee. breeding or through genetic Dr Dennis’s research has modification. We are using studied the molecular genetic modification to basis of plant development, enhance resistance in the especially flowering and development of disease- dominant Cavendish cultivar seed development, plant resistant bananas through focusing on Foc TR4 and gene regulation including genetic modification. Professor BBTV resistance. We have epigenetic regulation, Dale has led research and transferred an R gene from and plant responses to development programs in a wild diploid banana, Musa environmental stress such Australia, Asia and Africa and acuminata ssp. malaccensis as waterlogging conditions currently has two major that is naturally resistant to and, most recently, the international projects funded Foc TR4, and have taken a molecular basis of heterosis by the Bill and Melinda Gates number of transgenic lines (hybrid vigour) and especially Foundation. The first is to through a three-year field the role of epigenetics. Her develop bananas with high trial in the Northern Territory, awards include the Avon levels of provitamin A and iron with one line showing high Spirit of Achievement Award, for countries where bananas resistance. Further, we have and the Lemberg Medal of are a staple, such as Uganda. transformed Cavendish with the Australian Society for This project is in Phase 3 with RNAi constructs directed Biochemistry and Molecular advanced field trials in Uganda towards BBTV. We have Biology. In 2000, she was and a 2021 target release date. identified a number of awarded the inaugural Prime The project was identified as lines with resistance in the Minister’s Science Prize (jointly one of TIME magazine’s Top 25 glasshouse and these are with Jim Peacock). She has Inventions of 2014. The banana now in a field trial in Malawi. recently been awarded the
26 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Farrer Memorial Medal by the hybrids generating the large ecological equilibrium of Farrer Memorial Trust and phenotype. the world’s oceans. With the the MJD White Medal of the exception of sharks, marine Hybrid mimic technology may Genetics Society of Australia. megafauna are often not the be applicable to crops and intended targets of hunting, provide high yields without the Agriculture: putting genes but populations are being costs and difficulties of hybrid to work—the mystery of depleted by fisheries’ bycatch, seed production. They may hybrids through habitat destruction also be valuable in crops in and, possibly, declining prey A major increase in the which there is no hybrid seed from overfishing. Meanwhile, yield of crop species has technology. been provided by hybrids. In plans are moving forward for hybrids, the F1 generation the establishment of marine outperforms its parents but Dr Dharmadi protected areas (MPAs) in the F2 generation loses much the region, and knowledge of the hybrid advantage and Indonesian Ministry of about the status of marine shows great heterogeneity Marine Affairs and Fisheries megafauna is an important in phenotype, particularly in component for determining biomass and flowering time. their optimal location, size and We have developed a method configuration. Additionally, of producing high-yielding, these iconic species can pure breeding lines without be used to build public and the need to make hybrids each political support for the generation. We have selected establishment of MPAs and, from the F2 plants those with in turn, MPAs can provide an a phenotype similar to the effective platform for effective F1 hybrids. Using recurrent species conservation. selection in the F3, F4 and F5 Sharks and rays are generations, we have produced increasingly being targeted independent pure breeding Dr Dharmadi graduated from by small-scale fisheries in lines with a biomass and seed National University majoring in Indonesia. There is an urgent yield similar to the F1 plants. biology fisheries. He has need to understand the efforts We called these lines ‘hybrid authored and co-authored a and catch of these fisheries. mimics’ because, although they number of books, and more There is also a need for are not hybrids, they resemble than 20 of his scientific papers conservation interventions, them in phenotype. These on chondrichthyans and such as raising the awareness hybrid mimics shows them to marine mammals have been of local peoples on the be essentially homozygous, published nationally and status and non-consumptive carrying genomic segments internationally. He is a member economic value (for instance, from both parents—indicating of the Shark Specialist Group the diving, snorkelling and that the large biomass for the Southeast Asian Region dolphin-watching industries) phenotype does not require 2016–20. of megafauna species, and heterozygosity. The hybrid Managing megafauna in developing community- phenotype must result from based opportunities interactions both genetic and Indonesia: challenges and opportunities for nature tourism and epigenetic between these sustainable fisheries. Our genomic segments. Gene Marine megafauna face the study aims to: 1. assess the expression analysis indicates serious threat of extinction. overall condition of marine that, in the hybrid mimic lines, Many of these species, for megafauna in Indonesia; 2. many genes show the same instance sharks and rays, describe important threats level of expression as in the marine mammals (cetaceans to these species; 3. identify F1 hybrids. Pathways for auxin and dugongs) and sea priority areas for megafauna and for cell expansion are turtles, are suffering from conservation as part of a upregulated in all the hybrid declining populations, which planned marine protected mimic lines and in the F1 could severely damage the area network; and 4. identify
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 27 opportunities to give these the Indonesian Government, animals value as living and Karya Inovasi (2015) from resources for local people. Institut Teknologi Bandung. Banana fruit ripening transcriptomics study and Dr Fenny Dwivany application in Indonesia School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bananas are an important Bandung crop globally, and Indonesia is an important centre for banana diversity. However, only a few indigenous cultivars have been explored for resistance and the application studies into fruit ripening. Our of research knowledge to study has focused on genes control of diseases in crops. involved in indigenous banana The use of genetic disease ripening processes. Recently, resistance to control crop transcriptomics research diseases has been undertaken in order to understand the gene Diseases of crop plants expression profile during the are controlled by breeding ripening of Musa acuminata resistant varieties and the use Fenny Dwivany was awarded AAA Group. The results of pesticides. Which of these her PhD in biology from the identified a large number of methods is used is determined University of Melbourne in differentially regulated genes by economics and biology. 2003. She is an associate during banana fruit ripening. Economic considerations professor at the School of Life Many of these are associated include the cost of appropriate Sciences and Technology, with molecular functions, such treatments and the return on Institut Teknologi Bandung. as DNA binding transcripts, the investment into pesticides. Her group dubs itself the nucleic acid binding, Biological considerations ‘banana group’, due to its transcription factor regulation, include potential research interests in bananas and transcription regulator environmental damage that (www.thebananagroup.org). Its activity. Gibberellin 3-beta- may result from the use of projects focus on big data dioxygenase (GA3ox4) found pesticides, the durability of using a multi-omics approach to be involved through the gene-based controls and, that correlates biodiversity, inactivation of GA mechanism significantly, the availability of disease and fruit ripening, as was observed to be highly genetic resistance to particular well as examining the use of expressed in ripening fruit. diseases. While adequate advanced nanomaterials as The data from this study could genetic resources exist, for bio-fungicides, and edible help in the development of example, to control rust in coatings to delay fruit ripening. better strategies to control wheat, for other diseases (like Her group is also involved in fruit ripening in order to reduce Fusarium wilt of bananas, the Space Seeds for Asian postharvest losses. or Panama disease) genetic Future program which was solutions are not available. Indonesia’s first space biology The challenge is to develop experiment. Dr Dwivany’s has Dr Jeff Ellis new sources of resistance to been awarded an International intractable diseases. L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in CSIRO Agriculture and Food Science Fellowship (2007), an Jeff Ellis’s research focus Australia Award (2010), the for over 20 years has been Professor Schlumberger Foundation the interaction between crop Bob Furbank Faculty for the Future Award plants and fungal pathogens, (2011), the Science and and has covered fundamental ARC Centre of Excellence for Technology Award (2012) from questions of plant disease Translational Photosynthesis, Australian National University
28 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium global demand. Spectacular Bronwyn Gillanders completed improvements in rice and her Bachelor of Science at the wheat yields were made University of Canterbury, New in the early 1970s through Zealand, her Master of Science introduction of dwarfing at the University of Otago, New genes and subsequently by Zealand, and her PhD at the improvements in crop genetic University of Sydney. She has potential for grain number previously held ARC and harvest index. It is now Fellowships and is now a widely appreciated by crop faculty member at the breeders that scope for University of Adelaide. further improvement in these Professor Gillanders’s research Bob Furbank’s research is traditional breeding targets focuses on freshwater, targeted at strategies to is limited or exhausted in rice estuarine and marine systems improve photosynthetic and wheat. Major breeding including fisheries, ecological performance of C3 and C4 targets are now biomass and and environmental questions. plants for increased crop yields. radiation use efficiency (the She uses calcified structures of Professor Furbank is currently efficient conversion of sunlight aquatic organisms as innovative a chief investigator in the C4 into biomass). Radiation use tools to understand past Rice Consortium, a Bill and efficiency can be most readily environments and biological Melinda Gates Foundation– improved through increases in processes, such as age, growth funded project aimed at photosynthetic efficiency and and movement patterns. Her installing a C4 photosynthetic capacity. In this presentation, broader interests include pathway into rice. He has two approaches for achieving integrated marine management worked across many levels of photosynthetic improvements and understanding cumulative complexity in a variety of crops, in crops will be illustrated: environmental impacts. developing a program in 1. combining high-throughput She is a past president of the integrative plant biology at phenomics and genomics Australian Society for Fish CSIRO which included on existing germplasm Biology and current President establishing the High resources to identify superior of the World Council of Resolution Plant Phenomics breeding material and genes Fisheries Societies. Centre national facility. underpinning photosynthetic Professor Furbank has received performance; and 2. Fishing in a multiple-use several awards, including a engineering novel traits into marine environment Goldacre Award, ACT Innovation crop plants using transgenic awards, a CSIRO Leadership Coastal and marine waters breeding. Award and, recently, a Doctor are becoming increasingly of Science Honoris Causa from crowded. Besides fishing and the University of Wollongong in aquaculture ventures, there are recognition of his achievements Professor also significant other human in plant science and Bronwyn Gillanders activities operating in and agriculture. School of Biological Sciences, around the sea that have the University of Adelaide potential to interact and cause Photosynthesis and food stress to marine and coastal security: a new green habitats and the species they revolution support. Understanding the cumulative impacts of multiple Annual yield improvements activities remains a critical from traditional plant breeding gap in marine management. of the world’s major cereal In this presentation, Spencer crops have fallen to below 1 Gulf, South Australia, will per cent in the past decade. be used as a case study to An increase in cereal grain demonstrate how we have production of between 40 and considered the spatial extent 70 per cent is required over the of different activities, including next 30 years to meet projected
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 29 fishing, and the process used executive committee. His Dr Sarah Hamylton to assess cumulative risk that research interests include the also incorporated climate links between infection, School of Earth and stressors. In addition, potential immune function and cancer; Environmental Sciences, interaction among industries and the transmission and University of Wollongong will be considered for fisheries prevention of HIV and sexually and aquaculture, alongside transmitted infections in current and proposed changes homosexual men. He is to shipping. Our results Principal Investigator of the demonstrate that management Study of Prevention of Anal solutions are required to avoid Cancer (SPANC), a three-year congestion in the narrow cohort study investigating anal shipping paths of northern cytology, high-resolution Spencer Gulf and to minimise anoscopy and HPV testing as the potential impacts and a possible future anal cancer risks of increased disturbance screening program. on the gulf environment and other industries supported by Prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV)- Sarah Hamylton, a geographer, the gulf. Our approach helps is a senior lecturer at the facilitate resource allocation in related anal cancer in people with HIV University of Wollongong, a region of increasing social, where she is Co-Director of the economic and environmental Antiretroviral therapy has GeoQuEST Research Centre importance, and can be applied led to enormous declines and Academic Director of the to marine regions where in morbidity in people with Spatial Analysis Laboratory. empirical data are lacking. HIV. Rates of most HIV- Her Bachelor of Science was associated viral malignancies in Environmental Sciences have decreased dramatically (Southampton, UK); she has Professor in people with HIV. These two master’s degrees (marine Andrew Grulich cancers include non-Hodgkin environmental science, Southampton, UK; GIS and Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia lymphoma (caused by Epstein- Barr Virus, EBV), Kaposi’s remote sensing, Cambridge, sarcoma (human herpes virus UK); and her PhD was on 8) and Hodgkin disease (EBV). remote sensing of coral reefs However, as these cancers in the Red Sea and Seychelles have declined, one other (Darwin College, Cambridge, cancer, HPV-associated anal 2010). Dr Hamylton sits on the cancer, has increased. In HIV- council of the Australian Coral positive gay and bisexual men Reef Society and co-founded (GBM), incidence of this cancer the Women in Coastal now approaches 100/100,000 Geoscience and Engineering per year, making it one of the Network. She has worked on most common of any cancers various aspects of coastal in this population. Current climate change, including Professor Andrew Grulich is a approaches to prevention and sea-level rise, ocean medical epidemiologist and treatment are inadequate acidification, coral bleaching public health physician. He is and levels of morbidity are and tropical cyclones. Recently Head of the HIV Epidemiology unacceptably high. This nominated as a ‘Woman of and Prevention Program at the presentation will describe Impact’ by the University of Kirby Institute, University of how a detailed understanding Wollongong, Dr Hamylton has New South Wales, a past of the natural history of anal authored over 60 publications president of the Australasian HPV infection can inform our in the field of coastal spatial Society for HIV Medicine and approach to treatment and analysis. Dr Hamylton’s maps past member of the prevention. have helped establish marine International AIDS Society protected areas; her shoreline
30 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium change assessments have particular interest because been a researcher at the been used as evidence in the of the wealth of management Agency for Assessment and European Court of Human challenges currently facing Application of Technology since Rights; and her models of how coastlines that are setting 1994. Her area of interest is climate change impacts coral research agendas, including marine observation, including reefs have informed the climate change–related monitoring for coastal Australian Government’s impacts, such as sea-level rise, processes using satellite coastal policies. She has increased storms and cyclones, remote sensing as well as carried out projects in Fiji, coral bleaching and ocean in situ measurements for Thailand, the Philippines, acidification. identifying potential areas the Seychelles, Saudi Arabia, for ocean renewable energy Egypt, Belize, New Caledonia in Indonesia. and Australia at Cocos Dr Nani Hendiarti Remote sensing technology (Keeling) atoll and on the Coordinating Ministry for Great Barrier Reef. for sustainable ocean Maritime Affairs management in Indonesian Remote sensing of seas climate change in marine environments: mapping, Due to its strategic position, monitoring and modelling the Indonesian waters are believed to influence Many research challenges, the global atmospheric management problems and conditions which are related policy issues are geographical to climate change, which are at heart. The application of developed and affected by spatial analysis, particularly El Nino Southern Oscillation using remote sensing (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean technology, can contribute Dipole. Sustainable ocean insight through targeted management is required to mapping, monitoring and Nani Hendiarti has a Bachelor support the United Nation’s modelling exercises that help of Science in oceanography Sustainable Development us to express and develop from the Institut Teknologi Goals (SDGs), particularly our understanding of coastal Bandung (Bandung Institute of Goal 14, which relates to phenomena. This talk will Technology) and a master’s the maritime sector and raise awareness of the many degree and PhD in marine maintaining a sustainable and varied forms of spatial remote sensing from the maritime livelihood. analysis, and how these University of Dundee, UK, and can be profitably applied the University of Rostock, Sustainable management is to coastal environments. A Germany. Dr Hendiarti carried based on robust information convergent, critical mass of out postdoctoral research in collected through a variety of technological developments, marine science at the National methods. In certain situations, including remote sensing, Taiwan University. Since June remote sensing applications GPS and associated analytical 2015, she has been Director for are the most appropriate or techniques such as spatial Maritime Science and even the only way of collecting statistics, GIS and geospatial Technology at the Coordinating this information, both in modelling software has made Ministry for Maritime Affairs, support of scientific research data available at the requisite which is concerned with as well as for monitoring, quality (accuracy, consistency, stakeholder coordination in the control and surveillance (MCS), precision and resolution) areas of marine observation both critical components of the to support rigorous applied integration systems, ocean ocean management process. geospatial analysis that renewable energy We have been applying long- furthers our understanding of development, and the term satellite remote sensing coastal phenomena in tangible utilisation of science and data and its analysis on the ways. Their application to technology for maritime seasonal variability of different coastal environments is of industries. Dr Hendiarti has coastal and ocean phenomena in Indonesian seas in order
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 31 to improve understandings of challenges that face humanity At the same time, impacts their general characteristics, with respect to healthy oceans, such as the extensive mass and to support sustainable food security, clean energy and coral bleaching which occurred management, including of sustainable water. Professor earlier this year have focused resources such as fisheries. Hoegh-Guldberg also leads an attention on whether we are Remote sensing technologies active research group that is doing enough to preserve coral allow the identification of focused on the biology of coral reefs for the future, and what vessel position, fishing reefs and the marine impacts must be done to solve this operations, fishing effort, of climate change, and is one complex issue. In all of this, catches, fish migration, and of the most cited scientists on there is the opportunity for estimates of stock abundance climate change with over 300 Australia and Indonesia to join and distribution. They can also peer-reviewed publications. He forces to understand and tackle enable the observation of water is a Fellow of the Australian the very real problems facing pollution as well as freshwater Academy of Science, coral reef resources in both discharge containing organic coordinating lead author of the our countries. and inorganic materials IPCC (AR5), and has been originating from different recognised by a Eureka Prize in sources. The application of 1999, the Prince Albert II of Associate Professor remote sensing technologies Monaco Climate Change Award Andrew Holmes to the ocean has a crucial role, in 2014, and a Banksia Award School of Molecular Bioscience, especially where conventional in 2016. University of Sydney methods cannot be used or are prohibitively expensive. Meeting the challenge of change: The Great This presentation provides Barrier Reef an overview of the array of remote sensing technologies The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) available to inform sound is one of Australia’s most scientific advice and ocean valuable ecological assets, MCS in support of sustainable generating tourism and management. fishing worth to $6 billion each year to the Australian economy. The Australian Professor Ove Government has recognised Hoegh-Guldberg the value of the GBR and has Andrew Holmes has general invested significant resources interests in microbial diversity, Global Change Institute, into its management since University of Queensland its evolutionary origins and the mid-1970s, when it was ecological applications. He did proclaimed the world’s largest his PhD at the University of multi-use marine park, with Queensland (1989–1992), World Heritage listing in 1981. before postdoctoral stints at Despite these investments, the University of Warwick, UK the health of the GBR has (1992–1996) and Macquarie declined due to agricultural University (1996–2002). In 2002, pollution (sediments, nutrients he commenced his current and agrochemicals) and position at the University of climate change (warming Sydney, where he is now and acidification). Long-term Associate Professor in the surveys have revealed that at School of Molecular least 50 per cent of the corals Bioscience, and Microbiome Ove Hoegh-Guldberg is the on the GBR have disappeared Project node leader in the inaugural director of the Global since the early 1980s. Similar Charles Perkins Centre. Change Institute (GCI) in reports have surfaced for He has particular interests Brisbane, which focuses on the southeast Asian coral reefs. in the relationship between
32 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium animal nutrition and the Professor Professor host–microbiome interaction. He is a senior editor for The Jane Hunter Johannes Hutabarat ISME Journal and a member of eResearch Lab, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine the Editorial Board of University of Queensland Sciences, Diponegoro University Environmental Microbiology. Diet, genetics and microbes in the global epidemic of modern lifestyle diseases Diseases with aberrant host– microbiome associations have emerged as the most important public health problems facing modern societies. It is widely accepted that changes in nutrition have been a major driver of this Jane Hunter leads a team of Johannes Hutabarat is a pattern, but understanding researchers and software motivated lecturer and of the extent to which engineers in the development researcher at the Faculty of microbial changes and genetic of services to support the Fisheries and Marine Sciences, differences also contribute management, integration, Diponegoro University, is very limited. Systematic analysis and preservation of Semarang, Indonesia. He has exploration of macronutrient large-scale, multivariate a degree in fisheries from intake in mice has shown that datasets to solve complex Diponegoro University, a microbial community assembly cross-disciplinary real-world master’s of aquaculture and is fundamentally shaped challenges. She has published fisheries management and a by a dichotomy in bacterial over 150 peer-reviewed PhD in coastal aquaculture strategies to access nitrogen publications in scientific data from the Institute of in the gut environment. The management and analysis and Aquaculture at the University ability to utilise host secretions is on the editorial boards of the of Stirling, Scotland, and has such as mucin and avoid Journal of Web Semantics, been a professor in innate immune defences are International Journal of Digital aquaculture at Diponegoro key distinguishing features of Curation and SoftwareX. She is University since 2000. bacteria that are successful also on the executive of the Professor Hutabarat’s research on the health-promoting low- International Committee on is into fish nutrition, with a protein high-carbohydrate Data for Science and focus on dietary nutritional diets. Our findings suggest Technology (CODATA). requirements for cultured that an important diet- species. He is seeking to related driver of the lifestyle Big data and disruptive determine cost-effective diet disease epidemics is the technologies formulations with innovative industrialisation of the food- This presentation will provide techniques to synchronise supply chain (which alters a number of case studies nutrient content available in microbial availability), and that highlight how research local materials. Professor that this may intersect with in big data and disruptive Hutabarat is a member of the genetic differences in human technologies is helping to board of scientists of the populations. An ethno- solve global, trans-disciplinary Indonesian Aquaculture Society geographically defined study on scientific and social challenges and other scientific boards in diet–microbiome relationships of relevance to both Australia fisheries and marine sciences in Bali has identified distinct and Indonesia. in Indonesia. effects of diet and human genotype on microbial community compositions.
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 33 Local protein sources Professor The HIV epidemic in Indonesia available for aquafeeds is characterised by its development John Kaldor diversity, both in regard to the Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia populations affected and the The aims of this study were geographic locations in which to identify the production and transmission has occurred. nutritional values of local raw Based on the best available materials available in Central estimates, the uptake of HIV Java, and to develop feeds testing and treatment among using selected raw materials people with HIV has been for aquafeeds. The production substantially lower in Indonesia of local raw materials was than in other countries of determined by using secondary the Asia–Pacific region of data available from relevant comparable income level. technical institutions, followed One explanation put forward by direct site surveys in is that those with HIV belong the production centres of to population groups which do For over 25 years, John Kaldor agriculture and fisheries not feel comfortable accessing has built and led internationally by-catch in Central Java. the available private and public recognised research programs Production levels of local raw health services. materials and their nutritional on the epidemiology and values were determined. The prevention of infectious A collaboration between results indicate that the local diseases, with a particular focus Indonesian and Australian raw materials for protein on HIV, other bloodborne and researchers, known as HATI sources are found in abundance sexually transmitted infections and funded from a variety in Central Java throughout and, more recently, neglected of sources, is under way in the year at a relatively cheap tropical diseases including four large cities, and aims price. These include: trash trachoma. His work has to investigate interventions fish, mysids, squid, blood included the development and that might improve uptake. meal, worm meal and shrimp- implementation of public health The project enrolled over 700 head meal (animal protein); surveillance systems, participants into a cohort during and saga and soybeans (plant investigations of risk factors for 2015–16, and has undertaken protein). The protein levels of infectious disease transmission, qualitative research to identify selected raw materials are and evaluations of public health barriers to, and incentives for, high (41.1–80.3 per cent), and intervention strategies. testing and treatment. Potential intervention strategies to the highest levels are found With 600 peer-reviewed be trialled in the next phase in blood meal, followed by scientific publications that have include the use of oral fluid squid, trash fish and shrimp- been cited collectively over tests outside clinical settings, head meal. The selected raw 20,000 times, Professor Kaldor simplified pathways to initiating materials generally, contained has been a highly influential treatment, SMS reminders 10 essential amino acids contributor to public health for adherence to treatment, (arginine, lysine, histidine, knowledge and policy. He has and counselling to support phenylalanine, leucine, served on numerous policy and treatment initiation isoleucine, methionine, valine, advisory committees in Australia and continuation. threonine and tryptophan) and and internationally, and has had long-chain essential fatty acids close collaborative relationships (n-3 HUFA and n-6 HUFA) which with public health researchers are required by aquafeeds. The in a number of countries of the Dr John Kirkegaard selected local raw materials are Asia–Pacific region. CSIRO Agriculture and Food therefore nutritionally suitable for aqufeed development in Research collaborations John Kirkegaard is a chief Central Java. to improve uptake of HIV research scientist at CSIRO testing and treatment in Agriculture and Food, Canberra, Indonesia and Adjunct Professor at
34 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium variable and changing climate. Ironically, in a land plagued by drought, water has often been used inefficiently by crops, and yields have been well below the potential that is possible for the rainfall received. The conservation farming revolution that commenced in the 1980s involved innovations focused on the improved capture, storage and the School of Plant Biology, efficient use of rainfall, and and a member of the study University of Western Australia, protected and improved the committee of the Indonesian and Charles Sturt University. soil resource. Improved crop Science Agenda towards a He received his PhD from the diversity, reduced soil tillage Century of Independence in University of Queensland in and retention of crop residues 2045 at the Indonesian 1990. Dr Kirkegaard’s research underpinned the new systems. Academy of Sciences (AIPI). He has focused on understanding Ongoing improvements in received his PhD at Hokkaido soil–plant interactions to cropping system productivity University, Japan, in 2008. His improve the productivity, have involved devising ways past and ongoing research is resource-use efficiency and to capture synergies between on modelling biogeochemical sustainability of dryland novel crop management process in the Java Sea, the farming systems. He has led strategies and new crop anthropogenic carbon budget numerous national research varieties to further increase in the Indonesian Throughflow programs, is a regular invitee productivity. The revolution will regime, primary production in to international forums and continue as digital agriculture the Java Sea in a changing advisory committees on makes it possible for farmers environment, and climate agriculture and food security to deliver nutrients exactly change and anthropogenic and was Visiting Professor at where they are needed to impacts (in collaboration with the Crop Science Department, within 2-centimetre accuracy the Southeast Asian Regional University of Copenhagen, using in-crop sensing to Centre for Tropical Biology). in 2012. A hallmark of his improve farm efficiency and Recently, he has initiated a innovative research has been sustainability. Underpinned collaborative research project its rapid adoption and impact by this fundamental and with the National in agriculture. He was the adaptive agricultural research, Oceanography Centre, UK, recipient of the Grains Australia’s innovative farmers to study the fate of carbon in Research and Development now lead the world in the peatland–coastal–deep-sea Corporation’s Seed of Light adoption of conservation systems in Indonesian seas. Award in 2008 and a CSIRO agriculture to improve Medal for Impact from Science production while protecting the Marine biogeochemical flux in 2013. In 2014, his team was soil and environment. in the slope region of the awarded the Eureka Prize for Java–Flores seas Sustainable Agriculture for This presentation will present research to improve the water- Dr Alan F Koropitan the preliminary results of use efficiency of Australian Faculty of Fisheries and Marine observing and modelling agriculture. Sciences, Bogor Agricultural biogeochemical flux in the Australia’s conservation University slope region in order to examine the role of material farming revolution Alan F Koropitan is an inputs from rivers to the associate professor in The global food security anthropogenic carbon in oceanography, Vice-President challenge is felt keenly in the Indonesian Throughflow for Science and Policy, Australia, where agriculture (ITF) regime. Internal tides Indonesian Young Academy operates on fragile soils in a and mixing seem to play of Sciences (ALMI),
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 35 an important role in the research. He was the president marine megafauna are among continental shelf pump, a of the International Sea the most difficult species mechanism of material export Turtle Society in 2009, and a to manage in the context of from shallow to deep parts of board member from 2008 to sustainable use. the ocean. We found that the 2012. Dr Limpus’s research This presentation will examine anthropogenic carbon content interests include reproductive case histories illustrating in the inlet of the ITF (western ecology, population dynamics, biological complexities, Pacific Ocean) is lower than at population genetics and challenges and successes the outlet of the ITF (eastern the migration of long-lived associated with understanding Indian Ocean). This is strongly vertebrates: marine turtles, the temporal and spatial influenced by riverine carbon freshwater turtles, crocodiles, distribution of the species, key input in the coastal shallow dugongs and sea snakes. biological characteristics, and seas to the deep part. Managing marine threatening processes that megafauna in the are relevant for successful Dr Colin Limpus Indonesian–Australian management of migratory region marine megafauna: loggerhead Queensland Department of turtles in the South Pacific; Environment and Heritage Because of their migratory the history of green turtle egg Protection habits and the proximity of harvests in southeast Asia; and the countries, Indonesia learning about dugong biology. and Australia share a great diversity of marine megafauna. The two countries are often Professor co-managers of the genetic stocks (management units) Stephen Locarnini that extend across their Victorian Infectious Diseases international borders: Reference Laboratory including marine turtles, dugong, whales, dolphins and whale sharks. Many of these species have Colin Limpus has a Bachelor long been fished or hunted of Science, a Master of Science for food or for other valued and a PhD from the University products. Technological of Queensland. He is currently advances since about the Adjunct Associate Professor 1940s have, in many cases, in the School of Earth and resulted in the over-harvest Environmental Science, of populations. Unfortunately, James Cook University, many of these taxa have life- Queensland, and Adjunct history characteristics that Stephen Locarnini has worked Associate Professor, School limit the species capacity at the Victorian Infectious of Veterinary Science, at the to recover easily when Diseases Reference Laboratory University of Queensland. He populations are depleted: (VIDRL, originally Fairfield is a recipient of the Public delayed maturity, low Hospital Laboratory) since Service Medal (1993), an breeding rates and complex 1989. He was Director of EPA Employee Excellence life histories. Their migratory Laboratory Services from 1990 Award (2006) for Technical/ behaviour further complicates to 1998 and then assumed the Professional Excellence, and their management when position of Head of Research an International Sea Turtle neighbouring countries have to and Molecular Development. Society Lifetime Achievement cooperate in the management He is also Director of the World Award (2008). In 2005, he of shared populations while Health Organization Regional was a finalist in the Eureka allowing for differences in Reference Laboratory for Awards (2005) for biodiversity cultural values attributed hepatitis B. Professor to the species. Migratory Locarnini’s current major
36 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium research interests include viral DNA found in the nucleus Biochemistry and Molecular hepatitis, hepatitis vaccines, of the infected hepatocyte Biology, Monash University, and antiviral chemotherapy as a minichromosome. Melbourne. She joined the with an emphasis on the basic Theoretically, it could be Eijkman Institute for Molecular virology of the various agents possible to cure HBV simply Biology in 1994 and since 2010 of hepatitis, the molecular by eliminating cccDNA. Since has led the mitochondrial and pathogenesis of hepatitis, as the NAs have minimal or no lifestyle diseases group. well as prevention and public effect on cccDNA, the next Her research interests include health control measures. The generation of novel therapeutic genetic diversity, gut microbes treatment of hepatitis B and C approaches to treat CHB are and lifestyle diseases, as well infections with antiviral agents now focused on developing as early life nutrition. She has represents a major focus. agents that include reducing presented her research at Professor Locarnini is the as well as silencing cccDNA. national and international author of over 230 peer- The molecular approach of meetings and, together with reviewed articles, 18 invited silencing siRNA has shown her collaborators, has editorials and over 85 book substantial promise in published papers in chapters and reviews, and has clinical studies, especially international peer-reviewed delivered a number of invited when formulated with new journals. and plenary lectures at major liver targeting and delivery international conferences. systems. The application of IMELDA: linking genetic He has recently co-founded these new molecular therapies diversity, gut microbiota the non-government such as siRNA should provide and lifestyle disease organisation Coalition to clinicians with the next Indonesia is home to a Eradicate Viral Hepatitis in generation of therapeutics to diverse population with Asia–Pacific (CEVHAP). fully control HBV replication, distinct cultural and linguistic thereby eventually leading to a characteristics, representing Can hepatitis B be cured? functional cure for the patient. New viral targets and immense genome diversity. therapies With more than 300 ethnic groups and 700 living The World Health Organization Dr Safarina Malik languages, the Indonesian has estimated that over two Eijkman Institute for archipelago is endowed with billion people have been Molecular Biology vast genetic resources for infected with the hepatitis the study of human genome B virus (HBV) and, despite and disease association. Wide the availability of efficacious genetic diversity goes hand in vaccines and treatment, hand with complex adaptation over 240 million people mechanisms to environmental suffer chronic hepatitis B conditions. Migration to a new (CHB), of which one-quarter environment and extreme will develop the often fatal lifestyle changes can lead to complications of liver interference in the original cirrhosis and/or liver cancer. adaptation mechanisms, Treatment with high-potency and eventually to disease. nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) Industrialisation of the food has significantly improved supply chain has progressed liver health outcomes for Safarina G Malik graduated alongside the onset of lifestyle people with CHB; however, from the Faculty of Veterinary diseases such as obesity. this treatment is not curative Medicine, Institut Pertanian The development of non- and patients have to take Bogor (Bogor Agricultural communicable diseases is also NA indefinitely. The key University), obtained her influenced by the symbiotic replicative intermediate in master’s degree in biomedical relationship between humans the life cycle of HBV is its sciences from the University of and their gut microbes. transcriptional template, Indonesia, and completed her New evidence has emerged covalently closed circular (ccc) PhD at the Department of following the completion of
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 37 the human microbiome and Associate Professor During the last three decades, Meta-HIT projects showing the number of people with that the gut microbiota have Louise Maple-Brown diabetes has doubled globally. key mechanistic roles in Menzies School of Health In Australia, diabetes is among maintaining host health. Research the 10 leading causes of At the same time, interactions Louise Maple-Brown is Head of death for all Australians. At between gut microbiota, host Department of Endocrinology, least 1.5 million Australians and lifestyle become more Royal Darwin Hospital, and have diabetes and 2 million prominent, as heterogeneity leads the clinical research have pre-diabetes. Australian in human populations program within the Wellbeing Aboriginal and Torres Strait has been shown to shape and Preventable Chronic Islander peoples are three the microbiome, as have Diseases division of Menzies times more likely to report differences in the lifestyle of School of Health Research, having diabetes than non- industrialised versus non- with a focus on diabetes Indigenous Australians, with industrialised communities. and related conditions in rates of diabetes 10 times Greater understanding of the Indigenous Australians. higher in those aged 20 to 50 tripartite influence of genetics, Currently, Associate Professor years. The preventable chronic nutrition and the microbiome Maple-Brown is the lead cardio-metabolic conditions of on the host state is needed. investigator on several large type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney NHMRC-funded projects, disease and cardiovascular The Balinese have undergone disease frequently coexist in lifestyle changes in the past 30 including the eGFR Study (accurate assessment and Aboriginal and Torres Strait years, with the rapidly growing Islander peoples, with high tourist industry one of the main progression of kidney damage in Indigenous Australians) and prevalence from a young age, contributors. Consequently, and are major contributors to the Balinese are experiencing the Northern Territory and Far North Queensland Diabetes in premature mortality among an increased prevalence of this high-risk population. To non-communicable disease; Pregnancy Partnership. After completing the majority of her address the diabetes epidemic the prevalence of obesity in the among Indigenous Australians urban areas is more than two physician and endocrinology training at St Vincent’s Hospital we need to reduce risk as times higher than in the rural early as possible in the life area. We developed a study, the Sydney, she moved to Darwin in 2002 to pursue her passion course. Diabetes in pregnancy Indonesian Model for Epidemic provides an early opportunity Lifestyle Disease Associations for improving the health of Indigenous Australians. for intervention in the life (IMELDA), with the Balinese course for both mother and as the first model. Our data Associate Professor Maple- Brown is currently on the baby. Our current clinical revealed that host genetics, research program in the the gut microbiome and obesity Australian Diabetes Society Council and was previously Northern Territory includes the were associated. Further eGFR Study and Diabetes in results on the meta-analysis a member of the Council of the Australasian Diabetes Pregnancy Partnership, both of the Balinese microbiota as of which will be discussed. compared with seven other in Pregnancy Society. She ethno-geographically distinct has been providing clinical diabetes services to urban populations, both urban/ Associate Professor industrialised and rural/pre- and remote Northern Territory industrialised, placed the communities for over 14 years, Catriona Macleod Balinese microbiota between including more recently via Institute for Marine and rural and urban individuals. telehealth. Antarctic Studies, University of This reflects Bali’s status as Diabetes and related Tasmania a newly industrialised society. conditions among Catriona Macleod is a Senior Australian Aboriginal and Research Fellow with specific Professor Asmi Torres Strait Islander expertise in environmental Citra Malina communities impact assessment. A key Hasanuddin University research focus has been
38 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium in the resource planning Research Excellence in conversation, and how do Tuberculosis (www.tbcre.org. you communicate with them? au) at the University of Sydney. What is the government’s role His research has focused (developer or guardian)? Can primarily on how children are it be both? Where do trade- affected by the global offs, levies and offsets fit tuberculosis epidemic and the in? What can be done when spread of drug-resistant M. things go wrong—for example, tuberculosis strains. how can we manage impacts on the coastal ecosystem The rise of drug-resistant or, alternatively, how do we tuberculosis and how children are affected by the improving understanding of the manage things where the global epidemic environmental impacts and broader ecosystem becomes interactions of finfish a threat (for example, due Tuberculosis remains the aquaculture, and in providing to biosecurity or pollution number-one infectious disease the system understanding and issues)? The value of killer on the planet. The recommendations to support strategic approaches for risk World Health Organization sustainable development and management and monitoring estimates that 10.4 million management of aquaculture will be briefly considered, people developed tuberculosis operations. Associate and the merits of adaptive (TB) in 2015, causing 1.8 Professor Macleod also has a management. Finally, the million deaths (more than the keen interest in marine and presentation will ‘warm deaths from HIV and malaria coastal resource things up’ and consider how combined). Nearly half a management—in particular, climate change might alter million cases (480,000) had understanding how issues the situation. multidrug resistant (MDR) around multiple-use TB. Indonesia has one of the management can be improved largest tuberculosis case or resolved, and how science Professor loads in the world, second and effective communication Ben Marais only to India. The description can inform and improve Marie Bashir Institute, of multiple well-defined decision making. University of Sydney clonal MDR-TB outbreaks Coastal resource provides proof that these management: an overview drug-resistant strains are of some globally relevant actively transmitted within issues from an Australian communities, with potential for perspective future epidemic replacement. Since TB does not respect This presentation will provide national borders, high and a brief overview of some of the rising rates of drug-resistant issues associated with coastal TB have relevance beyond resource management around the worst affected areas. This Australia. It will then focus presentation provides a brief on some of the key issues overview of the global MDR- associated with resource TB situation, and considers allocation and management Ben Marais works in Paediatric how children are affected for commercial fishing and Infectious Diseases at the by the global TB epidemic, aquaculture, which may also Children’s Hospital at including uncontrolled MDR- be pertinent to Indonesia. Westmead, Sydney. He is TB transmission in TB endemic It will consider issues Deputy Director of the Marie settings. around planning in resource Bashir Institute for Infectious management, such as: how Diseases and Biosecurity do you decide who gets what? (www.sydney.edu.au/mbi) and Who needs to be involved helps to lead the Centre for
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 39 Dr Stuart Minchin organising and analysing Sentinel satellite missions. As large volumes of satellite this work happens, the data Geoscience Australia imagery and other gridded cube will become a key national geospatial datasets covering ‘knowledge resource’ for the Australian continent and decision making across a wide marine estate. Geoscience range of issues. Australia, in collaboration with CSIRO and the Australian National University—National Professor Computational Infrastructure, Sofia Mubarika developed the data cube to Faculty of Medicine, enable the rapid analysis of Universitas Gadjah Mada petascale, high-resolution EO data, effectively ‘unlocking’ Professor Sofia Mubarika large EO data archives. Haryana is an Indonesian Stuart Minchin is the Chief of This approach uses a high physician and researcher the Environmental Geoscience performance data structure, in the Faculty of Medicine, Division of Geoscience set within a high performance, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Australia. Prior to joining data-intensive computing Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Her Geoscience Australia, Stuart system. Data are assigned to research focuses on cancer was a Research Director with a common grid framework molecular biology, in particular CSIRO and a Principal Scientist that spans the full geospatial Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) with the Victorian Government. and temporal extent of the related cancer. She and her Stuart has a strong track record observations available for colleagues have developed an in many areas of environmental the area of interest. The early screening method based science, particularly in the approach is pixel based, on viral peptide antigens and water resources management rather than the traditional this is being used as a routine area. He has an extensive scene-based analysis, and protocol in hospitals. Since the background in the management incorporates the calibration late 1990s Professor Mubarika and modelling and quality assurance of each has collaborated with Professor of environmental data and the Earth surface reflectance Denis Moss and Professor online delivery of data, measurement. Rajiv Khanna from the EBV modelling and reporting tools Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical In its first year of development, for improved natural resource Research Institute. The focus the data cube has already management. Stuart has of this collaboration has been taken in 25 years of information represented Australia in key on EBV and nasopharyngeal from the Landsat satellites, international forums including carcinoma (NPC) – attempting which has been analysed, serving as Australian Principal to do Human leukocyte antigen and reanalysed, to produce Delegate to both the United (HLA) typing and polytope a ‘Water Observations from Nations Global Geospatial vaccine studies. Professor Space’ product, a national Information Management Mubarika has supervised summary of places where Committee of Experts as well several doctorate students, water occurs in the landscape. as the Intergovernmental Group from different institutions in This includes the coast, where on Earth Observations. He also Indonesia, whose research it is being used to map the currently serves on is focused on NPC, cervical extent and dynamics of the the editorial board of the cancer and other types of intertidal zone. Other marine international journal Ecological cancer. One of Professor applications of the data cube Indicators. Mubarika’s students received include the time-series a national award for best mapping of shallow-water The Australian Geoscience research from the Indonesian bathymetry, water quality and Datacube Ministry of Research, benthic habitats; the analysis Technology and Higher The Australian Geoscience of the full MODIS data archive; Education in 2012. Data Cube is a sophisticated and the ingestion of new data new approach to storing, streams from the European
40 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Currently, Professor Mubarika and is most common in is looking at microRNA women aged between 15 and biomarkers for the Indonesian 44 years, with 20,928 new cancer population. cases. Some established preventive strategies Professor Mubarika was have been performed in appointed as Chief of Indonesia, namely cervical Noncommunicable Disease cancer screening, Human and a panel member of the papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine National Institutes of Health’s and acetate acid visual NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases inspection and cryotherapy. In Information Center in 2010. spite of this, incidence of both She was made a member of NPC and cervical cancer is works in the area of basic the Indonesian Academy of considered high compared to biomedical research. He Sciences in 2006. other countries. graduated as medical doctor and had further specialist Epstein-Barr virus (EPV) NPC occurs most frequently training at Universitas and human papillomavirus among men in the Yogyakarta Airlangga (Airlangga (HPV) related cancers province; and is absolutely University), Surabaya, in Indonesia: an associated with the EBV Indonesia. He has a PhD in attempt to decrease infection. Many of the cases are the virology of hepatitis from the incidence through identified at a late stage. prevention, diagnostic and Jichi Medical University, immunotherapy approaches Comprehensive programs Japan. Professor Muljono attempt to decrease the joined the Eijkman Institute for After the 2015 focus on incidence and downgrade these Molecular Biology in Jakarta in noncommunicable diseases, diseases. A campaign on 1995 as Head of the Hepatitis Indonesia has paid special healthy lifestyle and a smoking Unit, and has been carrying attention to viral related cessation awareness program out basic and translational cancers such as the hepatitis is ongoing and supported by research into viral hepatitis. B virus (HBV) and the Epstein- the local government. He is currently the deputy Barr virus (EBV). Besides the director for Translational major carcinogenic exposure Early screening strategies to Research. Professor Muljono from the environment, downgrade NPC, both at the is actively involved in national personal habits such as hospital and in the community, and international activities tobacco smoking, and dietary based on viral peptide targeted at public health in patterns, play a role in the antigens, and development of the prevention and control of etiology of cancer. EBV minimal invasive biomarkers viral hepatitis and emerging causes Hodgkin lymphoma, for diagnosis, follow up diseases. He received the Burkitt lymphoma, gastric and targeted therapies are Ronpaku Award (Gold Medal) cancer and nasopharyngeal also underway. Metastasis from the Japanese Society carcinoma (NPC). Meanwhile biomarkers using EBV for the Promotion of Science HPV plays a major role in oncogenic proteins, namely in 2000; Ksatria Bakti head and neck cancer, anal LMP1, LMP2A and LMP2B, as Husada Kartika (the highest cancer and vaginal cancer. well as EBNA1 are also points recognition of contribution to Additionally, coinfections were of interest to be developed. the national health program) also reported. Therefore a from the Indonesian Minister comprehensive strategy to of Health in 2011; and the decrease the incidence of these Professor David Satya Lencana Karya Bakti infections should be implanted Handojo Muljono Award (recognition of civil synergistically. Eijkman Institute for service to the community) Cervical cancer is the second Molecular Biology from the President of the highest cause of female cancer Republic of Indonesia in 2013. David Handojo Muljono is a death in Indonesia In 2011, Professor Muljono specialist clinician who also was awarded the title Academy
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 41 Professor in Life Science country with intermediate-to- HBV strains undetectable by by the Royal Netherlands high endemicity of hepatitis B. routine serological detection Academy of Arts and Sciences The prevalence could be very tests. Efforts have been made (KNAW) and the Indonesian high in some pocket areas. to collect and characterise Academy of Sciences (AIPI). Efforts to gather national-level the viral strains prevalent He was also inaugurated data were made in 2007, which in Indonesia, with a parallel as Academy Professor observed the prevalence of translational study to develop Indonesia at Universitas HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs diagnostic tools and vaccines Hasanuddin (Hasanuddin of 9.4 per cent, 32.8 per cent, specifically for the archipelago University), Makassar, where and 30.6 per cent, respectively. and its surroundings. Viral he is considered Guru Besar A recent nationwide study strains with mutations in Luar Biasa. He was made an was conducted in 2013; the basal core promoter and Honorary Professor of Sydney provisional analysis showed precore region have also been Medical School in 2014. He HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs identified—independently has supervised postgraduate prevalence of 7.1 per cent, 31.9 associated with liver cirrhosis students (clinical, master’s and per cent, and 35.6 per cent, and HCC, allowing prediction of PhD programs) from Indonesia respectively. In both studies, the risk of development of these and other countries. Professor the anti-HBc prevalence severe complications in patients Muljono serves as Chairman of showed an increasing trend with chronic hepatitis B. the Expert Committee in Viral by age, suggesting the role of Hepatitis, Ministry of Health, horizontal HBV transmission and Advisor in Viral Hepatitis to in the community. It is worth Professor the director of the World Health noting that there has been Daniel Murdiyarso Organization’s Regional Office a decline in the HBsAg Department of Geophysics and for South-East Asia. Since 2013, prevalence (9.4 per cent in Meteorology, Bogor Agricultural he has been a member of the 2007 to 7.1 per cent in 2013), University World Health Organization’s indicating that Indonesia has Strategic and Technical moved from high to moderate Advisory Committee for Viral endemicity of HBV infection. Hepatitis. Indonesia is home to From epidemiological and approximately 250 million biological findings to clinical people of more than 500 ethnic and public health impacts: populations, distributed across hepatitis B is a model more than 13,000 islands. This combination of high host Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genetic diversity and hepatitis infection is a serious global B endemicity showcases a health problem. Approximately prime model for the study of two billion people worldwide host–agent interactions. Our Daniel Murdiyarso is a principal have been infected and more key studies show that the scientist at the Center for than 240 million people are distribution of HBV genotypes is International Forestry Research chronic carriers of this virus, closely associated with host- (CIFOR). He is also a professor with the risk of developing ethnogeographical distribution, at the Department of serious liver diseases such as reflecting the selection of the Geophysics and Meteorology, cirrhosis and hepatocellular virus by the host. Variation of Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor carcinoma (HCC). In Indonesia, host immune recognition sites Agricultural University). His before the implementation has been characterised on research interests are land-use of infant universal hepatitis the surface and core protein change and biogeochemical B vaccination in 1997, the of the virus, distinguishing cycles, climate change prevalence rates of HBsAg HBV C subgenotypes of Asia mitigation and adaptation. among apparently healthy and Papua–Pacific isolates. Professor Murdiyarso has people across several islands Further, studies from different published book chapters and were 4 to 20.3 per cent, places and blood donors in a large number of articles in categorising Indonesia as a Indonesia have identified
42 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium peer-reviewed journals. rapid disappearance of these co-chairs and participates in, He leads a global initiative natural ecosystems. The he is the Australian Member on the Sustainable Wetlands protection and restoration of on the International Agency Adaptation and Mitigation intact and degraded coastal for Research on Cancer (IARC) Program (SWAMP). ecosystems is crucial for Governing Committee and climate change mitigation represents Australia at the Professor Murdiyarso was and adaptation, and for World Health Assembly. Prior a convening lead author of the wellbeing of coastal to his current appointment, several Intergovernmental communities. Professor Murphy was Chief Panel on Climate Change Executive Officer of Austin Scientific information in (IPCC) reports, including Health in Victoria. the ‘IPCC third assessment general, and blue carbon report; the IPCC special science in particular, is needed Professor Murphy is a report on land use, land-use to meet the global Sustainable professorial associate with change and forestry’; and the Development Goals (SDGs). the title of Professor at the ‘2013 supplement to the 2006 Maintaining coastal blue University of Melbourne and an IPCC guidelines for national carbon through protection adjunct professor at Monash greenhouse gas inventories: and restoration is crucial University, a Fellow of the wetlands’. In 2000, he served to enhance the resilience Australian Academy of Health the Indonesian Government of coastal communities to and Medical Sciences, a Fellow as the Deputy Minister of rising sea levels due to global of the Royal Australian College Environment for two years, warming. Restoration poses of Physicians and Australian during which he was also the huge technical and socio- Institute of Company Directors. National Focal Point of the economic challenges as it He was formerly CMO and United Nations Framework has multiple objectives. director of nephrology at St Convention on Climate Change Vincent’s Health, and sat on the and Convention on Biological boards of the Florey Institute Diversity. Since 2002, Professor Professor of Neuroscience and Mental Murdiyarso has been a member Brendan Murphy Health, the Olivia Newton-John of the Indonesian Academy of Australian Government Cancer Research Institute and Sciences (AIPI). Department of Health the Victorian Comprehensive Blue carbon science Cancer Centre. He was also the for sustainable coastal independent Chair of Health development Services Innovation Tasmania, a former president of the The scientific community Australian and New Zealand recognises the wide range Society of Nephrology and of services that coastal former deputy chair of Health ecosystems can provide. Salt Workforce Australia. marshes, mangroves and seagrass meadows are unique Emerging infectious ecosystems that support diseases and pandemic biodiversity, provide hatching threats: an Australian grounds and nurseries for fish, perspective and protect coastal zones from Brendan Murphy is the chief storms, waves and tsunamis. medical officer for the Emerging infectious diseases With carbon burial rates 20 Australian Government and is are enduring threats to health times larger than terrestrial the principal medical adviser to security. Recent global events lowland tropical forests, they the Minister and the have highlighted the need for are large storehouses of Department of Health. He also robust global public health coastal blue carbon. holds direct responsibility for systems to mitigate the risks the Department of Health’s of emerging pandemic threats. Unsustainable coastal Office of Health Protection. In this presentation, Professor development is one of the most Apart from the many Murphy will discuss the significant threats causing a committees he chairs, drivers of infectious disease
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 43 emergence and spread, food supply to deliver large, common. Likewise, describe the Australian cost-effective and equitable the potential for clinical experience with EIDs and health gains. He launched the drug-based interventions how Australia prepares and popular FoodSwitch and public health approaches responds to pandemic threats. smartphone application, which to prevention varies Professor Murphy will reflect is available in Australia and five enormously because of the on international engagement in overseas jurisdictions. Dr very different social, cultural emerging infections and health Neal’s goal is to change the and economic factors across security, and consider shared way food is manufactured, jurisdictions. The World Health opportunities and challenges in retailed and consumed around Organization’s global action addressing emerging infections the world using business and plan for the prevention and in Australia and Indonesia. policy levers. Data, control of non-communicable transparency, accountability, diseases identifies a 25 per sustainability and collaboration cent reduction in premature Professor underpin his research efforts. mortality from cardiovascular Bruce Neal disease as a target for 2025. Clinical versus public This will require concerted George Institute health strategies for action at multiple levels and for Global Health cardiovascular disease a particular focus on the most prevention prominent vascular risks— The burden of non- which, in most countries, are communicable disease in tobacco and blood pressure. both Australia and Indonesia is large, with cardiovascular conditions responsible for a Dr Satya Nugroho large proportion of deaths Research Centre for in both countries each year. Biotechnology Research, The associations of risk Indonesian Institute of Sciences factors with cardiovascular (LIPI) disease are comparable across diverse population Bruce Neal leads the Food groups and, likewise, the Policy Division at the George relative effects of many Institute for Global Health. He established inventions. There is also Professor of Medicine at are, nonetheless, striking the University of Sydney and differences in the importance Professor of Clinical of risk factors across countries Epidemiology at Imperial and the practicalities of College London. Professor delivering intervention Neal completed his medical programs targeting them. training at Bristol University, This reflects the different UK, in 1990 and spent four prevalence of risks and the years in clinical posts. Prior to varied infrastructure by which Satya Nugroho graduated taking up his position at the they can be addressed. Blood from the Australian National George Institute in 1999, he pressure, for example, acts University in 2001 with a PhD worked as an epidemiologist at to cause strokes and heart in molecular biology and the Clinical Trials Research attacks in both Asian and biochemistry. Dr Nugroho and Unit in Auckland, New Zealand, Caucasian populations in a his team work mainly on rice: where he completed his PhD in highly comparable way, but the development of yellow stem medicine. He has a causes a larger proportion of borer resistant rice (currently longstanding interest in the the vascular disease burden in undergoing safety assessment environmental determinants communities with high levels of for release), broad-spectrum of high blood pressure and the salt intake because high blood blast resistant rice (with potential for changes in the pressure is so much more Washington State University),
44 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium tungro virus resistant rice focusing on drought, salinity Association for the and abiotic stress (drought, and shading. We screened rice Advancement of Science. He salinity and shading) tolerant insertional mutant collection, has spent his academic career rice. Other work is on bananas: and identified mutant lines at the University of Illinois, Yale transcriptomics of resistance for those traits. We have done University, the University of to Fusarium and, in the past, characterisation of some Queensland and Monash overexpression of hepatitis B mutants and performed some University where he was Dean vaccine. Recently, they initiated molecular and physiological of Science from 2011 to 2016. research on lignin biosynthesis analyses. The results will be Wolbachia in rice and sorghum with presented and discussed. The use of to Kyoto University. They have control the transmission of Aedes aegypti also collaborated with the –associated International Rice Research viruses: the Eliminate Professor Dengue Program Institute (IRRI) in releasing Scott O’Neill drought-tolerant upland rice, Institute of Vector-Borne Our group is examining the with Friedrich-Alexander Disease, Monash University potential use of inherited University on salinity tolerance, bacterial symbionts of insects and with CSIRO Plant Industry known as Wolbachia as a novel on rice insertional mutant method to interfere with Aedes development. Dr Nugroho aegypti–associated viruses. is also a member of the This work has now progressed National Technical Team for from basic bench studies Environmental Safety of GM to open field trials in five Crops. countries. This presentation Studies and development of will give an overview of abiotic stress tolerant rice Wolbachia–mosquitio–pathogen interactions as well as the Population increase and current status of the global industrialisation has led to land Eliminate Dengue Program conversion, pushing farming Scott O’Neill leads the that aims to deploy Wolbachia areas onto suboptimal land. Eliminate Dengue Program, infections as a cost-effective In Indonesia, the estimated an international research and sustainable approach total of suboptimal land is collaboration which aims to to control Aedes aegypti– around 153.04 million hectares, reduce the global burden of associated viruses. most of it (144.47 million mosquito-borne disease. hectares) in drought-prone His team is implementing a areas. In addition to drought, sustainable control method Dr Nicholas Paul high salinity is becoming a using Wolbachia to reduce the College of Science and problem, especially in coastal ability of Aedes aegypti Engineering, James Cook areas, as well as shading mosquitoes to transmit University (mainly for the purpose of harmful viruses including intercropping). Although dengue, chikungunya and there is much potential, the zika. The program, currently challenges in cultivating these operating in five countries, areas are tremendous as they is now expanding and are prone to losses due to undertaking efficacy trials. abiotic and biotic stress. To Professor O’Neill has received increase land areas for crop many awards including the production, the development Centenary Medal and the of cultivars which can maintain Mackerras Medal, and is a high productivity during stress Fellow of the Australian periods is a priority. We have Academy of Science, the been working on studying American Society for rice response under stress, Microbiology and the American
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 45 Nicholas Paul is a founding environmental regulations doctorate in applied chemistry director of MACRO—the Centre and limited growth despite from the Faculty of Science and for Macroalgal Resources its potential. In contrast, Technology, Keio University, and Biotechnology. He leads aquaculture is rapidly Japan. Since 1995, he has a cross-disciplinary team of increasing in Indonesia for all worked as a lecturer in scientists that has pioneered commodities, with a focus on chemical engineering at the research on macroalgae for seaweed, catfish, milkfish and Institut Teknologi Bandung. new product developments, shrimp. The economic and Dr Prakoso has developed a such as human food, animal social impact of aquaculture is process to convert vegetable oil feeds and renewable fuel, much larger, with a combined to biodiesel and has based on a platform of annual volume of >15 million implemented the process to environmentally sustainable tonnes and a prevalence of produce biofuel in small- and production that simultaneously smallholder farmers. The medium-scale plants. He is treats waste water. This role new Indonesian Government undertaking research in combines research expertise fisheries targets are set to biodiesel properties such as with a strong focus on industry drive a doubling in volume oxidative stability and the role partnerships, innovation over the next five years. This of antioxidants in enhancing and commercialisation. is important, as intensive biodiesel oxidative stability. In his current work with production systems—similar He works in a research group the Australian Centre for to those in Australia—may for the conversion of lipids to International Agricultural be required to reach some hydrocarbons and the Research, he leads two targets. This talk will highlight conversion of biomass to projects on the diversification the common challenges and advanced carbon by of seaweed industries in potential opportunities for hydrothermal processes. Indonesia and the Pacific tropical aquaculture in our Dr Prakoso is a member of the Islands, focusing on developing two countries, focusing on National Research Council of alternative bio-products examples of how we can meet Indonesia and the Indonesian from seaweed, new culture the increased demand for food Association of Bioenergy techniques for mass production in a sustainable manner. Scientists and Technologists. and domesticating new species from these regions. Plant seed oils properties and processing for biofuels Challenges and Dr Tirto Prakoso opportunities for tropical Department of Chemical Biofuels, especially liquid aquaculture in Australia Engineering, Institut Teknologi biofuels converted from plant and Indonesia Bandung seed oils, have their own properties that should match Tropical aquaculture is a the applicable properties in large, rapidly growing and their use, such as for FAME diverse sector that includes biodiesel. The fatty acid fish, crustaceans, molluscs composition of plant seed and seaweed. While the buffet oil must be adjusted so that of species in Indonesia and it can meet international Australia is similar, the socio- biodiesel standards. Not all economic and environmental vegetable oils can be used as landscapes have created very feedstock for biodiesel due to different settings. In Australia, their fatty acid composition. tropical aquaculture is limited This presentation will discuss to ~10,000 tonnes per annum, plant seed oils’ fatty acid predominantly of prawns Tirto Prakoso’s research is in composition, the properties (shrimp) and barramundi. the biofuels area, especially that make them suitable The business snapshot for biodiesel. He is a chemical for biodiesel and biofuel the handful of companies is engineering graduate of the utilisation, and processing one of intensive production, Institut Teknologi Bandung, to convert them to biofuel. high-quality products, strict and has a master’s degree and
46 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Professor Rice crop management Susanne Schmidt is a highly motivated and intellectually Bambang Purwoko Rice is the main food crop expansive researcher with a Faculty of Agriculture, in Indonesia, with the need keen interest in plant biology. Bogor Agricultural University for rice increasing as the An agricultural biology population grows. Paddy graduate of the University of fields are the main production Hohenheim, Germany, she area for rice, but reports completed a PhD at the have shown that, in the last University of Queensland several years, there has been where she has been a a high rate of fertile paddy researcher and educator since field conversion to other uses. 1997, and a professor since With the further challenge 2012. An international leader in of climate change, increased nutrient research with a focus productivity is essential. This on nitrogen and carbon, can be achieved by planting Professor Schmidt’s work is new generations of rice motivated by the nutrient varieties and adopting new inefficiencies in agriculture. Bambang S Purwoko is a highly production technology. So She has advanced the concept motivated researcher with a far we know of a number that plants use not only strong interest in crop of different types of variety: inorganic but also organic production and biotechnology. landrace/old variety, new compounds as nutrients. She is An agronomy graduate of the variety, new plant type, and pursuing the precise analysis Institut Pertanian Bogor, he hybrid variety. Each has its of nutrients with innovative obtained his master’s degree own characteristics. We techniques to synchronise from North Carolina State research some aspects of rice nutrient supply and crop University and completed a crop management for those demand. Professor Schmidt’s PhD at Cornell University, USA. varieties. Aspects discussed research has advanced He has been an educator and will include plant spacing, understanding of natural, researcher since 1993, and fertiliser, substitutions of silvicultural and agricultural Professor since 2005. His fertiliser with organic matter, systems as evidenced by a research focuses on rice crop and planting systems. strong publication record, production and physiology and IPB Prima, a package of an exceptional funding base, the use of cellular techniques technology, will also be national and international to speed up the obtainment of discussed. collaborations, and new lines to support breeding postgraduate student programs. He is also interested completions. She is a member in vegetable crops. His Professor of the Alexander von Humboldt research has advanced Foundation, which promotes understandings of new Susanne Schmidt research excellence globally. methods in indica rice anther School of Agriculture and culture, the obtainment of rice Food Sciences, University of Nitrogen efficiency of lines with good agronomic Queensland sugarcane cropping characters and tolerant to abiotic stresses, and other Nitrogen (N) is quantitatively aspects of rice production, the most important nutrient as demonstrated by his for crops. High-production publication record, grants agriculture ensures adequate obtained, national and N supply with fertiliser international collaborations, application, but inefficiencies and graduate student result in off-site losses which completions. have caused a near tripling of reactive N in the biosphere over the past century. Nitrogen pollution is changing
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 47 biogeochemical cycles and of monounsaturated oleic acid posing health risks for humans in its oil (SHO). The SHO oil and biota. Nitrogen fertiliser is targeted to the industrial efficiency in sugarcane market, and the oil will have production ranges from 10 to industrial applications in the 90 per cent globally, averaging lubricant and biopolymer 50 per cent efficiency. This market. Finally, the talk will contrast the physiology of describe efforts to engineer sugarcane as a carbon crop, seed oil–like levels in leaves. and raises concerns about the sustainability of sugarcane for clean energy production. Professor Ian Small physiology and biochemistry Strategies that address the ARC Centre of Excellence in from the University of Adelaide N problem are pursued with Plant Energy Biology, University in 1985. Dr Singh was a increasing intensity in the of Western Australia Postdoctoral Research Fellow Australian sugarcane industry. at the Australian Institute of This is a most pressing Nuclear Science and Energy, issue as the World Heritage– University of Queensland and listed Great Barrier Reef the Molecular Oncology is experiencing a dramatic Laboratory, Queensland decline, with nutrient pollution Institute of Medical Research exacerbating the effects of (QIMR) from 1987 to 1989, and rising ocean temperatures. an NHMRC research officer at In collaboration with the the Molecular Oncology Australian sugarcane industry, Laboratory, QIMR from 1989 we are devising avenues to to 1991. He joined CSIRO improve N efficiency through Agriculture and Food in 1991. genetic and agronomic He has published more than Ian Small’s research interests measures. This presentation 120 research papers and was involve understanding how looks at how to: 1. sychronise named in the top 20 plants coordinate the soil N supply and crop demand translational researchers for expression of their nuclear and to avoid oversupply of N that is 2014 by Nature Biotechnology. organellar genes in order to vulnerable to loss; 2. improve create the energy conversion Designer plant oils through machinery that drives growth, N supply from biological metabolic engineering N fixation and repurposed development and yield. nutrient-rich waste materials; This talk will focus on the use Following his PhD at Edinburgh and 3. select sugarcane of metabolic engineering for University, he worked at the cultivars with more efficient the development of two new French National Institute for N uptake and use. GM oilseed crops for Australian Agricultural Research (INRA) and global broadacre farming. where his early work on plant One of the crops is canola that mitochondrial genomes, Dr Surinder Singh contains long-chain omega-3 cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restorer genes CSIRO Agriculture and Food fatty acids normally found in fish. We have engineered contributed to the development Surinder Singh obtained the canola crop with algal of technology for breeding his Bachelor of Science in genes such that the canola hybrid canola and other biological sciences from Guru oils contain similar levels of brassicas. He held senior Nanak University, India, in DHA to fish oil. This oil can be positions at the Plant Genetics 1976; his Master of Science used in aquaculture, food and and Breeding Station in in plant physiology and supplements, as well as having Versailles and later at the Plant Biochemistry from the GB Pant pharma applications. The other Genomics Unit in Evry. In 2005, University Pantnagar, India, crop is safflower engineered he was awarded a WA State in 1980; and his PhD in plant to contain super-high levels Premier’s Research Fellowship
48 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium and moved to Perth to become Professor Climate change, marine the director of the ARC Centre ecosystems and human of Excellence in Plant Energy Natalie Stoeckl wellbeing Biology. His research interests James Cook University have evolved to take advantage Human societies and of large-scale functional economies are inextricably genomics technology and linked to oceans and seas. To bioinformatics. the extent that climate change affects marine ecosystems, Designing and creating it will affect socio-economic energy-efficient hybrids systems and human wellbeing. This presentation describes Heterosis, or hybrid vigour, the numerous contributions is said to occur when F1 of marine-based ecosystems individuals exhibit increased to human wellbeing. It then performance for a number focuses on fisheries, using case of traits compared to their studies to describe the way parental lines. Improved traits Natalie Stoeckl was born in the in which climate change and can include increased size, United States (Boulder, other confounding factors are better yield, faster development Colorado), but went to school in likely to disrupt relationships and a higher tolerance the United States, New between fishers, fisheries to pathogens or adverse Zealand, the United Kingdom and fishing communities in conditions. The molecular and Australia. She has a three very different contexts: basis for the phenomenon Bachelor of Economics from small-scale, artisanal and remains disputed, despite the Australian National subsistence-based fisheries, many decades of theorising University, Canberra, a Master traditional/‘cultural’ fisheries, and experimentation and, of Economics from James Cook and commercial fisheries. unfortunately, it is not easy to University, Queensland, and a The case studies highlight commercially produce hybrids PhD from the Australian that climate change will in many crops. We have been National University. She has a not only affect the marine working on identifying restorer- keen interest in environmental environment, but also other of-fertility genes in cereals that and distributional issues parts of the natural and human should facilitate the creation of associated with economic subsystems. The ultimate new hybrid varieties in crops growth—including the impacts impact of climate change on such as sorghum. In parallel, of climate change—and the marine environment and by adding a genetics layer to extensive experience with a associated socio-economic a constraint-based model of variety of non-market valuation systems is crucially dependent plant primary metabolism, techniques. Arguably, what on the context in which the we can realistically reproduce distinguishes her most from initial impacts occur, and on and quantify heterosis in other economists is her track the way in which individuals, a highly complex trait (the record of collaborative cross- communities and institutions rate of biomass production). disciplinary research using (formal or informal) respond, The results demonstrate models that combine economic, interactively, to those changes that additive effects coupled environmental and social over time. This presentation to the complex patterns of variables to explore interactions will highlight the need epistasis generated by a between socio-economic and to learn more about the large metabolic network are ecological systems. She has interconnectedness of related sufficient to explain most or all published widely in both problems (for example, reef the heterosis seen in typical F1 national and international health, fish stocks, fisheries hybrids. Such models provide forums and supervises many and tourism across the globe) a simple approach to exploring (mostly multidisciplinary) and for scientists and policy and understanding heterosis research students. makers throughout the world and should assist in designing to work together for global breeding strategies to exploit solutions. this phenomenon in the future.
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 49 Professor Obesity and type 2 Dr Siti Subandiyah diabetes in Indonesia Ketut Suastika Research Center for Udayana University The prevalence of obesity, Biotechnology, metabolic syndrome (MS) Universitas Gadjah Mada and diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that predisposes an individual to atherosclerosis which may eventually lead to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is now general agreement regarding the criteria (characteristic features) often used for the Ketut Suastika is Chairman of diagnosis of the syndrome— Siti Subandiyah has a Bachelor the Indonesian Endocrine that is, glucose intolerance; of Science from the Universitas Society, Bali Chamber; a obesity (body mass index); Gadjah Mada (Gadjah Mada lecturer within Udayana raised blood pressure and University), a Master of University’s Division of dyslipidemia with elevated Agricultural Science from the Endocrinology and Metabolism; triglycerides; and low levels of University of Queensland, and a and a visiting professor at Kobe high-density lipoprotein (HDL) PhD from Gifu University, Japan. Women’s University, Hyogo, cholesterol—but different She has been a professor in Japan. He has been President definitions use different cut-off Plant Protection at Universitas of Udayana University since points for the parameters used Gadjah Mada since 2007. 2013. Professor Suastika for diagnosis, and also different completed his master’s degree concepts of mandatory Diagnosis and management at Udayana University and his inclusion criteria. of horticultural crop General Internist at Airlangga diseases University, East Java. He was This presentation discusses a approved as a consultant cross-sectional study enrolling This presentation looks endocrinologist by the 1,840 subjects aged 13–100 at horticultural crops Indonesian Endocrinology years at seven villages across including banana, citrus, Society and Indonesian Internal the island of Bali. Criteria chilli and shallot onion— the Medicine Association. for obesity were based on commodities that have been Internationally, Professor those from the World Health the subject of our ACIAR Suastika has completed a short Organization for Asia–Pacific research projects. These course on genetic type 2 populations (2000); for pre- commodities are the top diabetes at Yamaguchi diabetes (impaired fasting priorities to be improved University, Japan, and was an glycaemia and impaired through national programs run observation physician on glucose tolerance) and by the Ministry of Agriculture. obesity at Royal Adelaide diabetes mellitus by the Indonesia is one of the Hospital. He is active as a American Diabetes Association countries where bananas reviewer and is on the editorial (2009); and for metabolic originated, with high diversity boards of several international syndrome by a joint statement of the plant—unfortunately, journals, with work published of the International Diabetes this includes its diseases. in various international Federation, the National Heart, Key banana diseases in publications. His research Lung, and Blood Institute, the Indonesia include Fusarium interests are in obesity, World Heart Federation, the wilt Tropical Race 4, bacterial metabolic syndrome and type International Atherosclerosis blood disease, banana bunchy 2 diabetes. Society, and the American top virus and foliar diseases. Heart Association (2009). Citrus in Indonesia suffers from Huanglongbing (HLB)
50 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium and root/stem rot diseases. medicine specialist and reached CD4 counts of Shallot onion (Allium cepa consultant on tropical and >350 cells/mm3 by month group Aggregatum) and chilli infectious diseases. 14. Condom use in non-key are the most important populations is below 20 per Dr Subronto’s research vegetables in Indonesia, cent, resulting in more than interests are tuberculosis, used in almost every meal. 60 per cent of the transmission hepatitis–HIV and TB–HIV co- Several viruses and fungal and risk being heterosexuals. infections, ART monitoring, bacterial diseases were found There is a sharp increase in and the evaluation of HIV damaging the commodities in HIV prevalence among the policy. She is member of the the field and after harvesting. homosexual community. The HIV National Expert Panel, Diversity of pathogens in the high rates of loss to follow- and has carried out several subspecies levels was found, up contribute to ongoing short-term consultancies for and molecular identification transmission in the community. the World Health Organization, is needed. Integrated disease With more than 2,000 testing AusAID/Department of Foreign management and coordination and 600 treatment sites, and Affairs and Trade, and the among all stakeholders an increase in the national Ministry of Health. She is one involved in crop production budget in anticipation of the of the main contributors to is necessary. termination of Global Fund SAINS45: Indonesian Science funding, we hope to see an Agenda towards a Century end to HIV problems. Dr Yanri W Subronto of Independence in 2045, a publication facilitated by Faculty of Medicine, the Indonesian Academy of Professor Universitas Gadjah Mada Sciences (AIPI), and a member of the Indonesian Young Bambang Sugiharto Academy of Sciences (ALMI). Centre for Development of Advanced Science and HIV in Indonesia: Technology, University of Jember Challenges and opportunities HIV is an important medical and public health issue in Indonesia, with approximately 30,000 new cases per year. Co-infection with tuberculosis or hepatitis adds to the Yanri Wijayanti Subronto is an problem. The prevalence of internist–infectiologist who HIV among TB patients is 2 per Bambang Sugiharto’s research currently heads the Division of cent, whereas TB among HIV Tropical and Infectious patients is up to 60 per cent. Diseases, Department of Our study of 126 HIV–hepatitis Bambang Sugiharto’s research Internal Medicine, Faculty of co-infections showed that focuses on the development of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah the rates of triple infections sugarcane biotechnology, Mada (Gadjah Mada University) (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, including conducting confined and the HIV clinic at the Dr HIV), HIV–HCV, HIV–HBV co- field trials and biosafety Sardjito teaching hospital. infections, and mono-infection assessments of GM sugarcane. Dr Subronto began her career were 4.8 per cent, 34.1 per He is a professor in plant at the Village Health Centre cent, 3.2 per cent, and 57.9 biochemistry at Universitas in Sukoharjo, Central Java per cent respectively. Many Jember (University of Jember), Province. After completing patients still present at late lecturing on plant her PhD at Leiden University stage with median CD4 counts biochemistry, molecular 3 in the Netherlands on the of 52.5 cells/mm and 50 per biology and biotechnology. immunology of tuberculosis, cent were at stage III of IV of Recognised as an expert on she became an internal infection. Furthermore, only sugarcane biotechnology, 25 per cent of 312 patients
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 51 Professor Sugiharto has overexpressed in Escherichia of Agriculture since 1992. published numerous articles coli, two forms of SPS1-A Dr Sutanto has been involved and reports in this area and on and SPS1-B proteins were in several Musa-collecting related topics in the physiology detected, one with a full-length missions and disease surveys and biochemistry of C4 plants. size and the other with a in Sumatra, Kalimantan, He received a bachelor’s truncated form shorter by ca 20 Sulawesi, the Moluccas and the degree in soil science in 1981 kDa, respectively. Biochemical Papua islands as part of a from Universitas Jember, characterisation of the deleted collaboration between the a master’s degree in 1989 and SPS1-B has higher specific Ministry of Agriculture and a PhD in 1992 from Nagoya activity and no regulation by Bioversity International. He is University, Japan. From 1992, an allosteric effector. Thus, in currently involved in banana he was an assistant professor planta studies on the function germplasm management, and, from 1997 to 2004, Head of the engineered of SPS1-B breeding programs and of the Research Center for are needed to determine molecular biology to generate Molecular Biology at the regulation. In addition, molecular markers for banana Universitas Jember. He biological structural studies on disease resistance. became a professor in 2005 sugarcane SPS are necessary and was appointed as Director to better understand the Indonesian Musa diversity: of the Center for Development allostery property. from exploration to of Advanced Science and utilisation Technology in 2012. Professor Indonesia, as one of Musa’s Sugiharto has served as a Professor countries of origin, has all biotechnology consultant and Suharsono kinds of Musa—from wild co-researcher at the state- Indonesian Institute of Sciences species that still grow in owned sugarcane company, (LIPI) the forest to commercial PT Perkebunan Nusantara XI, cultivars that are grown both which is developing GM traditionally and in modern sugarcane, and as an academic Dr Agus Sutanto cultivation. Musa exploration advisor on biosciences at the Indonesia Tropical Fruit activities have been carried Jember State Agricultural Research Institute out in Indonesia, both by Polytechnic. universities and government The role and regulation research institutes. Some of sucrose-phosphate collections have been synthase from sugarcane established to conserve the banana plants. However, the Sucrose-phosphate synthase germplasm collection is not (SPS; EC 2.4.1.14) is believed to optimally utilised. Most of be the key enzyme controlling them are used as collections photosynthetic carbon flux and for educational purposes. into sucrose. Molecular Research has been carried studies found the presence out to select accessions for of two isogenes for SPS specific purposes, such as in sugarcane leaves; they to produce cultivars that are were photosynthetic SoSPS1 Agus Sutanto received his pest- and disease-resistant, and non-photosynthetic bachelor’s degree in 1991 from high in vitamin A, of a high SoSPS2 genes. To identify the University of Brawijaya and fruit quality, and so on. One of their function, the SoSPS1- his master’s degree from the banana cultivars, Kepok cDNA was overexpressed Universiti Putra Malaysia in Tanjung, a unique cultivar and resulted in elevation 2001. In 2014, he completed his without a male bud flower, of SPS activity and sucrose doctoral studies in plant has been used to control blood accumulation in leaves breeding and biotechnology at disease in East Kalimantan. of transgenic tomato and the Institut Pertanian Bogor sugarcane. However, when (Bogor Agricultural University). the SoSPS1-cDNA was He has been with the Ministry
52 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Professor Adi Utarini and www.eliminatedengue.com those communities and strong (Eliminate Dengue Program). community support. Egg Faculty of Medicine, Universitas mosquito release has now Gadjah Mada Establishment of Wolbachia been initiated in the city of in Aedes aegypti populations Yogyakarta in order to study in a small-scale release the impact on dengue cases. in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: a potential innovative approach in Dengue control Dr David Wachenfeld Dengue positions as the most Great Barrier Reef Marine important mosquito-borne viral Park Authority disease worldwide and remains David Wachenfeld leads a a major health problem in team of 10 technical, policy Indonesia. Currently available and management experts control methods have been with a focus on: adapting implemented, but they have marine park management to Adi Utarini is Vice Dean for been insufficient to diminish climate change; improving Research, Community Service the significance of dengue as land management to and Collaboration, Faculty of a public health threat. This reduce pollution to the reef; Medicine, Universitas Gadjah has led to a call for novel prioritising coastal ecosystems Mada (Gadjah Mada University). technologies and, recently, for protection and restoration; She has a master’s degree the World Health Organization working with fishers to from the Institute of Child Vector Control Advisory Group improve sustainability of Health, London, and a PhD has recommended carefully fishing activities; encouraging from the Department of Public planned pilot deployment of communities to protect their Health and Epidemiology, Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti, local environments; and Umea University, Sweden. accompanied by rigorous improving tactical responses Dr Utarini’s areas of interest independent monitoring and to crown-of-thorns starfish include quality assurance in evaluation. This presentation outbreaks. Working at the infectious disease describes successful Marine Park Authority since management, public-private establishment of Wolbachia 1997, Dr Wachenfeld was part partnerships in TB control, Aedes aegypti in a small-scale of the team that developed and evaluation of health programs, release. implemented the most recent hospital quality improvement zoning plan in 2004 and led the and implementation research. Following extensive community first responses to the emerging Her current research project, engagement and stakeholder issue of climate change from funded by the Tahija consultations, adult mosquito 2000 to 2007. In 1993, he Foundation, Indonesia, is release was carried out in completed a PhD studying the applying Wolbachia Aedes Nogotirto and Kronggahan behaviour and ecology of coral aegypti intervention to reduce villages, Sleman district, reef triggerfish in the Red Sea dengue cases in Yogyakarta. in January 2014, followed and Indian Ocean. Although This initiative is part of the by egg mosquito release in his career has concentrated on Eliminate Dengue Program led Jomblangan dan Singosaren coral reef management he has by Monash University. The villages, Bantul district, in also worked in reef tourism Eliminate Dengue Program is November 2014. Throughout and science. currently being implemented in the release, Wolbachia frequencies were continuously Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Protecting the Great monitored, and the results Brazil, Colombia and several Barrier Reef in the 21st showed a high frequency of other countries. More century: challenges and Wolbachia in the Aedes aegypti information about the program opportunities can be found at: www. populations. Dengue cases eliminatedengue.or.id and community concern The Great Barrier Reef (Eliminate Dengue Program— were also closely monitored, Marine Park is often used Yogyakarta) showing no significant local as an example of global transmission of dengue in
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 53 best practice in marine park Ketut Suastika is Chairman dry fields (gardens), shifting management. Yet the reef of the Indonesian Endocrine cultivation, and temporarily ecosystem is in decline, Society, Bali Chamber; a unused land. In the context and the forecast outlook is lecturer within Udayana of monitoring systems, it is ‘poor’. This decline has been University’s Division of difficult to observe agricultural driven mostly by climate Endocrinology and Metabolism; land using traditional methods change, degraded water and a visiting professor at Kobe because of the characteristics quality, coastal development Women’s University, Hyogo, of topographic aspect, and its and unsustainable fishing Japan. He has been President location across a wide area practices. To halt and reverse of Udayana University since over a multitemporal period. the decline will take strong 2013. Professor Suastika An alternative approach is action to mitigate climate completed his master’s the use of remote sensing change, better integrated degree at Udayana University technology, which can be used catchment management and his General Internist at to collect, process, analyse, and improved marine park Airlangga University, East visualise and model objects management. These actions Java. He was approved as a or phenomena on the Earth’s are needed at all spatial consultant endocrinologist by surface. This talk presents scales, from global to local. the Indonesian Endocrinology experiences in the application Global action to reduce Society and Indonesian of remote sensing in Indonesia, greenhouse gas emissions Internal Medicine Association. especially in monitoring paddy and meet the objectives of the Internationally, Professor field, oil palm and sugar cane Paris agreement, particularly Suastika has completed a agriculture. Remote sensing ‘to pursue efforts to limit the short course on genetic type can be used to observe paddy temperature increase to 2 diabetes at Yamaguchi growth stages from initial 1.5°C above pre-industrial University, Japan, and was stages through to postharvest. levels’, is essential for the an observation physician on Remote sensing data can future of the world’s coral obesity at Royal Adelaide also quantify oil palm trees reefs. At the same time, Hospital. He is active as a and analyse biomass in the marine park managers must reviewer and is on the editorial perspective of climate change, adapt to deliver the most boards of several international while sugar cane growth can effective resilience-based journals, with work published also be observed using remote management possible. in various international sensing and GIS (geographic publications. His research information system) analyses. interests are in obesity, Currently, remote sensing Professor metabolic syndrome and type and geospatial approaches Ketut Wikantika 2 diabetes. are used as standard tools to determine the characteristics Remote Sensing and GIS Remote sensing and GIS of Indonesian agriculture to Research Division, Institut approaches to monitoring support national food security Teknologi Bandung Indonesian agriculture purposes. to support national food security According to the Center for Agriculture Data and Information Systems, Ministry of Agriculture, in 2013 there was a total of around 14 million hectares of agricultural land in Indonesia. Agricultural land consists of irrigated and non-irrigated paddy fields,
54 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Participants
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 55 Dr Ines Atmosukarto published widely, including in influential journals such as Lipotek Pty Ltd Nature, Nature Genetics and The American Journal of Human Genetics. He has obtained more than $2 million in research funding and fellowships.
Dr Nikola Bowden University of Newcastle policy and research for over 10 years, both in Australia and internationally. He is currently Ines Atmosukarto has worked based at the Kirby Institute for in the biotechnology sector in infection and immunity in the Asia–Pacific region for the society, University of New last 15 years, with experience South Wales, as Project Leader in Asia and Australia. Dr of the Opposites Attract Study, Atmosukarto joined Lipotek an international cohort study Pty Ltd in late 2006, following of HIV transmission and HIV some time at the Indonesian treatments in homosexual Institute of Sciences (LIPI) male serodiscordant couples. Centre for Biotechnology and Nikola Bowden graduated from the Indonesian-based natural the University of Newcastle product drug discovery Dr Beben Benyamin with a Bachelor of Biomedical company PT Indo Bio Pertiwi. University of Queensland Science (Honours) and a PhD in She was initially tasked with medical genetics. She was an establishing Lipotek operations NHMRC Early Career Fellow at as its chief scientific officer, the University of Newcastle and but has more recently taken on trained at the National Cancer the role of CEO, focusing on Institute in Washington DC, building strategic alliances for USA. Dr Bowden is currently the company. She has seen the a Cancer Institute NSW Career company conduct its first Development Fellow and DNA clinical trial and has Repair Group Leader at the progressed its Hunter Medical Research commercialisation efforts. Dr Institute/University of Atmosukarto holds a PhD in Newcastle, New South Wales. molecular and cellular biology Dr Bowden leads a team of Beben Benyamin uses from the University of Adelaide. researchers investigating statistics applied to large-scale She is the recipient of a the repair of DNA damage omics data (big data) to number of awards including caused by sunlight and understand the genetic causes the 2012 Research and chemotherapy in melanoma of human traits and diseases, Technology Award presented and ovarian cancer. She including neuropsychiatric by the President of Indonesia. leads a large collaboration of diseases. He graduated from researchers and clinicians that the Institut Pertanian Bogor are repurposing traditional (Bogor Agricultural University), Benjamin Bavinton chemotherapy for new cancer Indonesia in 2000, the treatments. Dr Bowden is the Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia University of Sydney in 2002 current Chair of the Australian Ben Bavinton has worked in and the University of Academy of Science’s Early and the field of HIV prevention, Edinburgh, UK, in 2007. He has Mid-Career Researcher Forum.
56 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Dr Maisuri T Chalid Associate Professor to facilitate change. I work in many areas (agriculture, Faculty of Medicine, Drew Evans fisheries, forestry, health, Hasanuddin University University of South Australia technology) but focus on environmental change including climate change.
Bonnie Flohr CSIRO Food and Agriculture
Maisuri T Chalid graduated as Drew Evans is a research a medical doctor in 1993 from leader in Energy and Advanced the Faculty of Medicine, Manufacturing at the University Universitas Hasanuddin of South Australia, leading a (Hasanuddin University), group in the development and Makassar, and has been a translation of materials lecturer since 1996. Since research into commercial Originally from a wheat/sheep 2002, Dr Chalid has been an products. After completing his property in South Australia, obstetrician and gynaecologist, PhD at the Australian National Bonnie Flohr is two years into and maternal fetal medicine University in 2006, he worked her PhD, based at CSIRO and consultant, at Wahidin in the private R&D industry on the Australian National Sudirohusodo Hospital and new digital printing technology. University in Canberra. After Hasanuddin University Since 2010, he has been based gaining a Bachelor of Science Hospital. She completed a at the University of South (Agriculture) from Adelaide postgraduate course in Australia. During this time, University, she was an reproductive health research at he has published numerous Australian Youth Ambassador the World Health Organization scientific papers, and for Development, working on in 2004 and a DAAD summer commercialised technology an Australian Centre for school on Maternal and Child with industry, such as the International Agricultural Health at the University of world’s first plastic automotive Research project in Tibet, Göttingen, Germany, in 2012. mirror. Associate Professor China. After returning from Her research interests include Evans currently sits on the Tibet, she spent a year working pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, South Australian Science at the Australian Centre for and infectious diseases in Council, and on the Executive International Agricultural pregnancy, particularly of the Australian Academy of Research in the graduate mother-to-child transmission Science’s Early and Mid-Career program in Canberra; this of hepatitis B. She is also Researcher Forum. He experience supported her developing a program for received a 2013 South decision to pursue a PhD in medical students to assist Australian Young Tall Poppy agronomy with leading pregnant women from poor Science Award, and 2016 scientists at CSIRO. families and is a trainer in BioSA Young Achiever Award. emergency obstetrics and obstetrics ultrasound. Since Dr Aysha Fleming Dr Roslyn Hickson 2014, she has been the director CSIRO IBM Research Australia of education, training and Roslyn Hickson works at research at Hasanuddin I am a social scientist looking the intersection of applied University Hospital. at language to understand values and decision making mathematics and public
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 57 from plant taxonomy and School of Oriental and African biosystematics to molecular Studies (SOAS), London. Before phylogenetics. He takes a coming to UNSW, she worked molecular approach to as a researcher in the Centre addressing taxonomic and for Tropical Medicine, Faculty phylogenetic problems in of Medicine and Department various plant groups, such of Anthropology, Faculty of as Orchidaceae (Subtribe Cultural Sciences at Aeridinae), Anacardiaceae Universitas Gadjah Mada, (Mangifera), Euphorbiaceae Indonesia. She is currently (Phyllanthus), Bromeliaceae enrolled in a doctoral degree at (Ananas) and Solanaceae. the Kirby Institute, UNSW. Her health. She has developed Current projects include the research is looking at how a mathematical models for a molecular phylogenetic global health strategy is being number of infectious diseases screening of Indonesian adopted and refashioned at the to identify risk of importation medicinal plants and their national and local levels, by and transmission, and to barcodes. Dr Hidayat is also clinics and clients, through a inform control strategies and interested in biodiversity case study of current HIV policy. Dr Hickson completed literacy and citizen science. treatment in Indonesia. Her her Bachelor in Electrical study will be conducted Engineering through UNSW through a qualitative method, Canberra in 2006, followed by Muhammad applying in-depth interviews, a PhD in applied mathematics. Rizal Khaefi participant observation, and She was a Research Fellow at archival work. the National Centre for I’m a Data Scientist in the Data Epidemiology and Population and Analytic Division, Jakarta Health at the Australian Smart City. On a daily basis, Dr Jonggun Lee National University from we are responsible for Jonggun Lee is a data scientist May 2010 to November 2011, providing objective, accurate and the research lead at then a University of Newcastle and fast information for public Pulse Lab Jakarta of United Postdoctoral Fellow from policy improvement using data Nations Global Pulse. Pulse December 2011 until April driven analysis. Lab Jakarta is an innovation 2014. Roslyn joined IBM initiative of the UN Secretary- Research Australia in General on data revolution May 2014. Elan Lazuardi for sustainable development and humanitarian action, Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia harnessing new digital data Dr Topik Hidayat to better protect vulnerable Universitas Pendidikan population around the world. Indonesia (UPI) He leads a number of research projects analysing big data such as social media, mobile data, satellite imagery, transportation data, and financial data. He is a frequent speaker at events organised by the public sector, private sector, and academia, and a Elan Lazuardi earned a member of the Global Working bachelor’s degree in cultural Group of Big Data for Official anthropology at Universitas Statistics by UN Statistics Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, and Division. Topik Hidayat is a botanist with a master’s degree in the research interests ranging Before joining Pulse Lab anthroplogy of media at the Jakarta, he worked for Orange
58 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Labs (France Telecom R&D) in Dr Sudirman Nasir France and Ericsson research lab in Ireland, and received his Hasanuddin University PhD at Université Pierre et Marie Curie, applying various statistical data analytics and mining methods to reveal hidden patterns from complex data.
Professor Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). He is also a Universitas Andalas professor at the Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Sudirman Nasir obtained his Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor PhD from the University of Agricultural University). His Melbourne and is currently a research interests are land-use senior lecturer at the Faculty change and biogeochemical of Public Health, Universitas cycles, climate change Hasanuddin (Hasanuddin mitigation and adaptation. University), Makassar. Dr Nasir Professor Murdiyarso has is also a member of the published book chapters and Indonesian Young Academy of a large number of articles Sciences (ALMI) and the head in peer-reviewed journals. of its Science Education He leads a global initiative Section. He has published Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto’s on the Sustainable Wetlands several journal articles relating research interests include Adaptation and Mitigation to HIV and drug use among obesity, metabolic syndrome, Program (SWAMP). young people in Indonesia and fatty acids and antioxidants. also publishes op-eds regularly She has a medical degree from Professor Murdiyarso was in numerous Indonesian Universitas Andalas (Andalas a convening lead author of newspapers and magazines. University) and graduated with several Intergovernmental a master’s degree in medical Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) science from Sheffield reports, including the ‘IPCC University, UK, in 1993. She third assessment report; the Dr Elizabeth New completed her PhD at Monash IPCC special report on land use, University of Sydney University in 2002. She has 10 land-use change and forestry’; publications in international and the ‘2013 supplement refereed journals. Recently, to the 2006 IPCC guidelines she was appointed as an for national greenhouse gas Invited Research Fellow of the inventories: wetlands’. In 2000, China International Foodology he served the Indonesian Institute and has also been a Government as the Deputy Fellow of Asian Public Minister of Environment for Intellectuals. two years, during which he was also the National Focal Point of the United Nations Framework Professor Daniel Convention on Climate Change and Convention on Biological Murdiyarso Diversity. Since 2002, Professor Elizabeth (Liz) New undertook Bogor Agricultural University Murdiyarso has been a member her undergraduate and master’s studies at the Daniel Murdiyarso is a principal of the Indonesian Academy of University of Sydney before scientist at the Center Sciences (AIPI).
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 59 completing her PhD in 2010 at develops new photocatalytic maize during crossing the University of Durham, UK. materials using computational incompatibility events, focusing Dr New was then a Royal and experimental approaches on the genetic interaction Commission for the Exhibition in parallel. In particular, between ovules, silks and of 1851 Research Fellow at the density functional theory pollen and identifying the University of California, calculations are used to molecular basis behind the Berkeley. In 2012, she returned understand the relationships process. During his PhD, Dr to the University of Sydney, between the structure, Nugrahapraja discovered the holding an ARC Discovery Early composition and electronic role of non-coding genomes, Career Researcher Award from properties of semiconductors. especially long non-coding 2012 to 2014, and a Westpac Current research areas RNA (lncRNA), in maize near- Research Fellowship from include understanding isogenic lines (NILs). To date, 2016. Dr New’s research how semiconductor solid his research has focused on interests lie in the development solutions and multilayered data analysis of big-data of fluorescent and magnetic nanostructures can be biology, such as genomics and resonance sensors for designed to optimise transcriptomics, and application in medical photocatalytic efficiency and deciphering the role of lncRNA research, with a particular developing manganese- in molecular systems of living focus on oxidative stress and based photocatalysts. Dr Hart organisms. He is currently understanding the interactions collaborates across of wide involved in analysing of metal ions with biological range of fields, providing transcriptomics datasets systems. Her awards for computational analysis to from fruit ripening and research, engagement and support experimental studies. plant–disease interactions. teaching include the Royal Society of Chemistry Dalton Ni Luh Putu Young Researchers Award Dr Husna (2011), a New South Wales Satyaning Pradnya Nugrahapraja Young Tall Poppy Science Paramita Award (2015), the OLT National Institut Teknologi Bandung I’m currently working with Award for Teaching Excellence United Nations Global Pulse (2015) and the Premier’s Award Lab Jakarta as Junior Data for NSW Early Career Scientist. I hold a dual master’s Researcher of the Year (2016). degree in Applied Mathematics and Social Sciences (with Dr Judy Hart minor Population Analysis) from Aix-Marseille University UNSW Australia in France and Statistics from Judy Hart is a lecturer in the Institut Teknologi Sepuluh School of Materials Science Nopember in Indonesia. Prior and Engineering at UNSW to joining Pulse Lab Jakarta, Australia. After completing I worked with Abdul Latif her PhD at Monash University, Husna Nugrahapraja received Jameel Poverty Action Lab she was a postdoctoral a PhD from the international Southeast Asia and Save the researcher and lecturer in doctoral program in Children International. the School of Chemistry, agrobiodiversity at Scuola University of Bristol, U.K., for Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, five years. Her research is in Italy, in 2015. Dr Dr Teguh Rahardjo the field of nanostructured Nugrahapraja’s research is Dr Rahardjo completed his semiconducting materials for concerned with genomics and undergraduate from Indonesia renewable energy applications, transcriptomic data analysis of University, and graduated from particularly hydrogen pollen–pistil interaction in master and doctor degree from generation by photocatalytic maize mutants. The major Yamanashi University in Japan. water splitting using solar objective is to decipher the He was a Deputy Minister for energy. She designs and pollen–pistil mechanism in S&T Program in 2008-2013
60 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium and a Senior Adviser to the Dr Panca Minister in 2013-2015 in the Ministry of Research and Jarot Santoso Technology. Currently he joined Indonesian Ministry of Indonesia as Science Director. Agriculture New to his post, he is tasked to provide direction to DIPI’s existing research call, including joint call.
Dr Nicole Robinson lecturer at the Graduate School School of Agriculture and of Biotechnology, Universitas Food Sciences, University of Jember (University of Jember). Queensland She is currently working on protein engineering and plant biotechnology for the Panca Jarot Santoso received a development of sugarcane in bachelor’s degree from Indonesia. She graduated in Muhammadiyah University of 2011 with a master’s degree Malang in 1994 and a Master of in agriculture, particularly Science from Universiti Putra plant molecular breeding, at Malaysia in 2005. He received Kyungpook National University, his doctorate in biology South Korea, and received a (genetics and molecular doctorate from the Department biology) from the School of Life of Biological Sciences, Graduate Science and Technology, School of Sciences, Osaka Nicole Robinson’s broad Bandung Institute of University, Japan. While in research goal is to develop Technology, in 2015. Since Osaka, from 2012 to 2016, she sustainable agricultural 1997, he has been a researcher also conducted research into systems. For the past 12 years at the Indonesian Tropical Fruit protein X-Ray crystallography she has been based at the Research Institute in the at the Institute for Protein University of Queensland and Indonesian Ministry of Research, Osaka University. part of a collaborative group, Agriculture. His projects mainly involving researchers and deal with durian-tree research industry, aiming to improve (germplasm management, Dr Upendra nitrogen use efficiency of genetic markers, breeding, Shekhawat sugarcane cropping. Dr propagation, agronomy and Pythiaceae pathogens. His Queensland University of Robinson’s focus has been on Technology varietal improvement and current research project is on characterising plant traits markers-assisted selection of linked to nitrogen use durian varietal improvement, efficiency. Prior to her current funded by the Indonesian role, she was a research National Budget 2015–2016. scientist with the Department of Conservation and Land Management in Western Dr Widhi Australia investigating the role Dyah Sawitri of trees in salinity control. Her University of Jember PhD, awarded by the University of Queensland in 2003, was on Widhi Dyah Sawitri is a the regulation of nitrate researcher at the Center for assimilation of plant species Development of Advanced Upendra Shekhawat joined the from an ecological perspective. Science and Technology, and a Centre for Tropical Crops and
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 61 Biocommodities at the of novel disease-resistant Current work includes Queensland University of traits from Vavilov wheat collaboration with Technology in June 2015. Since landraces of Russia. Mochtar Riady Institute for then, he has been working to Nanotechnology (MRIN) and identify the genes responsible Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB). for resistance towards Dr Alexander Fusarium wilt in wild banana H Soeriyadi species. Prior to joining the UNSW Australia Dr Ghitarina university, he spent 11 years Syamsu Mappa honing his molecular biology Mulawarman University skills in India. He obtained his PhD from Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, in 2014.
Dr Raghvendra Sharma University of Queensland
Alex Soeriyadi was born in Jakarta, Indonesia. Graduate of University of New South Wales Ghitarina Syamsu Mappa (B.Eng, 2009 and PhD, 2012). studied at James Cook Postdoctoral Fellow, University University, Queensland, from of New South Wales (2012- 1998 to 2000, and from 2003 to 2014). NHMRC Early Career 2007. She has been a lecturer Research Fellow (2015- since 1990, and is Secretary of Present). Awarded with UNSW the Association of Indonesian Co-op Scholarship (2005-2008), Coastal Management (HAPPI), ARC Australian Postgraduate East Kalimantan. She was an Raghvendra Sharma was Award Industry (APAI, 2009- Australia Alumni Ambassador brought up in a farming family 2012), Alexander von Humboldt for East Kalimantan from 2008 in rural India and has wanted a Postdoctoral Fellow (2015), and to 2016. Her research areas scientific career in plant NHMRC Early Career Research have included the monitoring science since childhood. He Fellow (2015-2018). Member of of water quality and pollutant has a bachelor’s and a Royal Society of Chemistry content in water, sediment, master’s degree in (RSC), American Chemical and aquatic organisms in biotechnology. With a short Society (ACS), Masyarakat Mahakam Watershed, East period of exposure to plant Nano Indonesia (MNI), and Kalimantan; heavy metals in science research at the Material Research Society- prawns and fish cultured in National Institute of Plant Indonesia (MRS-id) Mahakam Watershed; land Genome Research in India, he His research interest is in sustainability and productivity recently started tertiary studies the field of stimulus of ponds in the area around at CSIRO and the Queensland responsive material, NPU–Total E&P Indonesie, Alliance for Agriculture and biomaterial from natural Mahakam Delta; and nutrient Food Innovation, University of resources, and nanomedicine. pollutant distribution and Queensland. With the ultimate His work has been published analysis of the impacts on goal of safeguarding global in various international water quality in the coastal food production, his research is journal publications, waters of Kutai Kartanegara. focused on generating rust and presented at various disease–resistant wheat international conferences, cultivars through the mining including Indonesia.
62 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium Dr Yosmina Tapilatu Aiyen Tjoa is a senior member evaluation consultancy of teaching staff at the Faculty work, in reproductive health Indonesian Institute of Sciences of Agriculture, Tadulako and HIV for Bali Provincial (LIPI) University, Central Sulawesi. AIDS Commission and She earned her bachelor’s various international NGOs degree at the Agriculture in Indonesia. She has also Faculty of Universitas Jambi been involved with the Kirby (Jambi University), Indonesia; Institute’s Field Research her Master of Science from Training Programme in the Royal Veterinary and Indonesia, initially as a trainee Agricultural University (KVL) in and for the last several years Copenhagen, Denmark; and her as mentor. Her PhD will focus PhD in soil chemistry and plant on improving HIV testing among nutrition from the Hohenheim clients of female sex workers in University, Stuttgart, Germany, Indonesia, examining strategies working under Professor to address HIV among this Yosmina Tapilatu received her Volker Römheld. Dr Tjoa’s largely under-researched doctorate in oceanology from main area of research is on population. Aix-Marseille II University, hyperaccumulating heavy France. Her research group at metal in plants. She is also Dr Anyu Zhu the Center for Deep-Sea working intensively on soil Research, Indonesian Institute emissions in agriculture caused CSIRO Agriculture and Food of Sciences (LIPI), specialises by fertilisation and changes in deep-sea exploration. Her in land use. Her group and interests include both deep-sea international collaborators microbiology and biotechnology. have produced several Her goal is to make known the publications. Aside from her understudied, but very diverse, research activities, Dr Tjoa has marine organisms in Moluccan been involved for some years in waters and surrounding areas. the early stages of developing Recent projects include eastern proposals with partners at Indonesian deep-sea microbial European universities for diversity exploration, marine human capacity building natural products studies, and and is coordinating several European Commission–funded nanochitosan utilisation for Anyu Zhu is a postdoctoral projects. She is the Indonesia yellowfin tuna preservation. Fellow working at CSIRO in coordinator of a Deutsche Canberra. He received his PhD Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) from the University of research fund for the University Dr Aiyen Tjoa Technology, Sydney, in 2016. of Göttingen, Institut Pertanian Tadulako University Dr Zhu specialises in molecular Bogor (Bogor Agricultural biology and has experience in University), the Universitas plant physiology and Jambi and Tadulako University. bioinformatics. During his PhD, he studied the molecular Luh Putu Lila mechanism of hybrid vigour in Wulandari Arabidopsis and found that gene activities in hybrids change UNSW Australia earlier relative to those in Ms Wulandari was a lecturer parents at a young seedling in the School of Public Health, stage. He is now continuing Faculty of Medicine, Udayana heterosis research in canola to University in Bali, Indonesia. improve the seed yield by using She has undertaken various his knowledge on heterosis research projects and program from Arabidopsis.
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 63 Symposium organisers
provide opinions, advice, and recommendations on matters relating to science and technology to the government and the public; and encourage The Australian Academy of Science the development of scientific knowledge and The Australian Academy of Science is a not- excellence through scientific conferences and for-profit organisation of individuals elected for policy discussion forums, publications, and their outstanding contributions to science and national and international connections. research. It was founded on 16 February 1954 AIPI’s membership comprises leading Indonesian by Australian Fellows of the Royal Society of scientists selected on the basis of a strong track London with the distinguished physicist Sir Mark record of scientific excellence. Membership of Oliphant as founding President. It was granted the Academy is the highest form of recognition in a Royal Charter establishing the Academy the field of science and technology in Indonesia. as an independent body with government New members must have the approval of at least endorsement. two-thirds of the members, and membership is The Academy’s Constitution was modelled on ratified by the President. The Academy currently that of the Royal Society of London. It receives has 61 members, divided into five commissions: government grants towards some of its activities Fundamental Research, Medicine, Engineering, but has no statutory obligation to government. Social Sciences, and Culture. The Academy strives to support and promote www.aipi.or.id science through a range of programs and activities. It has four major program areas:
• championing, celebrating and supporting excellence in Australian science;
• promoting Australia’s international scientific engagement;
• building public awareness and Early- and Mid-Career Researcher Forum understanding of science; and (EMCR Forum) • providing independent, authoritative The Australian Early- and Mid-Career and influential scientific advice. Researcher Forum is the national voice of www.science.org.au Australia’s emerging scientists, representing researchers who are up to 15 years post-PhD (or other research higher degree), irrespective of their professional appointment. It examines critical issues including career structure, job security, funding, education, training and gender equity. The forum engages with early- and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) from around Australia and advises the Academy Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (AIPI) on issues relevant to EMCRs, to help inform The Indonesian Academy of Sciences its policy recommendations to government and develop its EMCR activities. It also liaises The Indonesian Academy of Sciences is an with other national organisations to positively independent body established in October 1990 by contribute to both Australia’s scientific research an Act of the Republic of Indonesia. Its mandate and the future careers of emerging research is to: experts. The forum provides a vital connection
64 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium between Australia’s most eminent scientists and tomorrow’s future scientific leaders. The EMCR Forum’s mission is to serve as the voice of Australia’s early- and mid-career researchers, championing improvement in the national research environment through advocacy. The Australian Department of It focuses on sustainable and transparent Foreign Affairs and Trade career structures, gender equity, stable funding policies, career development opportunities, and The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade’s raising awareness of issues facing the future purpose is to help make Australia stronger, of science. safer and more prosperous by promoting and protecting Australia’s interests internationally www.science.org.au/supporting-science/early- and contributing to global stability and economic and-mid-career-researchers/emcr-forum growth. The Department provides foreign, trade and development policy advice to the government and works with other government agencies to ensure that Australia’s pursuit of its global, regional and bilateral interests is coordinated effectively. www.dfat.gov.au
Akademi Ilmuwan Muda Indonesia (ALMI) The Indonesian Young Academy of Sciences The Indonesian Young Academy of Sciences is Indonesia’s foremost organisation of young scientists. It was established on 20 May 2015 as an autonomous body under the Indonesian Academy of Sciences. ALMI’s mission is to: The Indonesian Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas) promote the role of young scientists in advancing scientific discovery and a culture of scientific The Ministry of National Development Planning excellence in Indonesia in order to improve is an Indonesian central government institution Indonesia’s competitiveness; which is responsible for national development planning and budgeting. The Ministry also • encourage the advancement of science coordinates international development through interdisciplinary collaboration cooperation. among young scientists; www.bappenas.go.id • foster the development of a scientific disposition and a culture of scientific excellence in the younger generation;
• promote the use of scientific research in public policy; and
• contribute to the worldwide movement of academies of young scientists in responding to global challenges. Knowledge Sector Initiative • ALMI currently has 40 members, divided into four interdisciplinary working groups: The Knowledge Sector Initiative is a joint Frontiers of Science, Science and Society, program between Indonesia’s Ministry of Science and Policy, and Science and National Development Planning (Bappenas) and Education. the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs
AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium 65 and Trade that seeks to improve the lives of and relevance of policy research, and supports the Indonesian people through better quality better communication of research results to public policies that make better use of research, inform public debate on key policy issues. The analysis and evidence. The program works with program is supporting the Indonesian Academy a range of government agencies to build their of Sciences to strengthen its role in developing capability to source and use evidence to inform scientific excellence. policy decisions, collaborates with Indonesian www.ksi-indonesia.org universities and think tanks to improve the quality
Event information
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Contacts The following Academy staff will be available to assist you. Shannon Owen 0438 339 078 Nancy Pritchard 0417 286 921
66 AISS Australia-Indonesia Science Symposium