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A Companion to First Ladies WILEY BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO AMERICAN HISTORY This series provides essential and authoritative overviews of the scholarship that has shaped our present understanding of the American past. Edited by eminent historians, each volume tackles one of the major periods or themes of American history, with individual topics authored by key scholars who have spent considerable time in research on the questions and controversies that have sparked debate in their field of interest. The volumes are accessible for the non‐specialist, while also engaging scholars seeking a reference to the historiography or future concerns. A Companion to the American Revolution A Companion to American Technology Edited by Jack P. Greene and J. R. Pole Edited by Carroll Pursell A Companion to 19th‐Century America A Companion to African‐American History Edited by William L. Barney Edited by Alton Hornsby A Companion to the American South A Companion to American Immigration Edited by John B. Boles Edited by Reed Ueda A Companion to American Women’s History A Companion to American Cultural History Edited by Nancy Hewitt Edited by Karen Halttunen A Companion to American Indian History A Companion to California History Edited by Philip J. Deloria and Neal Salisbury Edited by William Deverell and David Igler A Companion to Post‐1945 America A Companion to American Military History Edited by Jean‐Christophe Agnew and Roy Rosenzweig Edited by James Bradford A Companion to the Vietnam War A Companion to Los Angeles Edited by Marilyn Young and Robert Buzzanco Edited by William Deverell and Greg Hise A Companion to Colonial America A Companion to American Environmental History Edited by Daniel Vickers Edited by Douglas Cazaux Sackman A Companion to American Foreign Relations A Companion to Benjamin Franklin Edited by Robert Schulzinger Edited by David Waldstreicher A Companion to 20th‐Century America A Companion to World War Two (2 volumes) Edited by Stephen J. Whitfield Edited by Thomas W. Zeiler with Daniel M. DuBois A Companion to the American West A Companion to American Legal History Edited by William Deverell Edited by Sally E. Hadden and Alfred L. Brophy A Companion to the Civil War and Reconstruction Edited by Lacy K. Ford PRESIDENTIAL COMPANIONS A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt A Companion to Woodrow Wilson Edited by William Pederson Edited by Ross A. Kennedy A Companion to Richard M. Nixon A Companion to Dwight D. Eisenhower Edited by Melvin Small Edited by Chester J. Pach A Companion to Theodore Roosevelt A Companion to John Adams and John Quincy Adams Edited by Serge Ricard Edited by David Waldstreicher A Companion to Thomas Jefferson A Companion to Gerald R. Ford & Jimmy Carter Edited by Francis D. Cogliano Edited by V. Scott Kaufman A Companion to Lyndon B. Johnson A Companion to Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Edited by Mitchell Lerner and Herbert Hoover A Companion to George Washington Edited by Katherine A. S. Sibley Edited by Edward G. Lengel A Companion to First Ladies A Companion to Andrew Jackson Edited by Katherine A. S. Sibley Edited by Sean Patrick Adams A Companion to First Ladies Edited by Katherine A. S. Sibley This edition first published 2016 © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc Registered Office John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Offices 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148‐5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley‐blackwell. The right of Katherine A. S. Sibley to be identified as the author of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Names: Sibley, Katherine A. S. (Katherine Amelia Siobhan), 1961– editor. Title: A companion to first ladies / edited by Katherine A. S. Sibley. Description: Chichester, UK ; Malden, MA : John Wiley & Sons, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015045050 | ISBN 9781118732229 (cloth) Subjects: LCSH: Presidents’ spouses–United States–Biography. Classification: LCC E176.2 .C65 2016 | DDC 973.09/9–dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015045050 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Cover image: © B Christopher / Alamy Stock Photo Set in 10/12pt Galliard by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India 1 2016 Contents Notes on Contributors viii Acknowledgements xiv Introduction 1 Katherine A. S. Sibley 1 Martha Washington 6 Robert P. Watson 2 Abigail Adams: The Life and the Biographers 20 Margaret A. Hogan 3 Martha Jefferson Randolph, First Daughter 38 Billy L. Wayson 4 James and Dolley Madison and the Quest for Unity 59 Catherine Allgor 5 Elizabeth Monroe 75 Finn Pollard 6 A Monarch in a Republic: Louisa Catherine Johnson Adams and Court Culture in Early Washington City 89 Catherine Allgor, Margery M. Heffron and Amanda Mathews Norton 7 Rachel Donelson Robards Jackson: A Reluctant First Lady 111 Christina Mune 8 Angelica Singleton Van Buren, First Lady for a Widower 129 John F. Marszalek 9 The Ladies of Tippecanoe, and Tyler Too 142 Christopher J. Leahy and Sharon Williams Leahy vi CONTENTS 10 Sarah Polk: Ideas of Her Own 159 Valerie Palmer‐Mehta 11 Margaret Taylor, Abigail Fillmore, and Jane Pierce: Three Antebellum Presidents’ Ladies 176 Elizabeth Lorelei Thacker‐Estrada 12 Harriet Rebecca Lane Johnston 197 Thomas J. Balcerski 13 Mary Todd Lincoln 214 William D. Pederson 14 Eliza McCardle Johnson and Julia Dent Grant 230 Pamela K. Sanfilippo 15 Lucy Webb Hayes, Lucretia Rudolph Garfield, and Mary Arthur McElroy 247 Benjamin T. Arrington 16 Rose Cleveland, Frances Cleveland, Caroline Harrison, Mary McKee 265 Merry Ellen Scofield 17 Ida McKinley: A Life of Contrasts 283 Louie P. Gallo 18 Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt: The Victorian Modern First Lady 298 Catherine Forslund 19 Helen Herron Taft: The Forgotten Impact of a Memorable First Lady 320 Rafaele Fierro 20 Ellen Axson Wilson 339 Lisa M. Burns 21 Edith Wilson: The First Lady in Charge 357 Barbara Klaczynska 22 Florence Kling Harding: Celebrity and Activist 379 Katherine A. S. Sibley 23 Grace Coolidge 404 Teri Finneman 24 The Historiography of Lou Henry Hoover 423 Nancy Beck Young 25 Anna Eleanor Roosevelt: Her Life before and during the White House Years 439 Maurine H. Beasley 26 Eleanor Roosevelt: First Lady of the World 459 Maurine H. Beasley 27 Elizabeth Virginia “Bess” Wallace Truman 476 Michael J. Devine CONTENTS vii 28 Overrated Pleasures and Underrated Treasures: Mamie Eisenhower, a Bridge between First Lady Archetypes 492 Anthony Rama Maravillas 29 Jacqueline Kennedy 503 Katherine Jellison 30 Lady Bird Johnson 517 Lisa M. Burns 31 An Unlikely First Lady: Pat Nixon 535 Mary C. Brennan 32 Betty Ford: “When Ordinary Becomes Extraordinary” 552 Myra G. Gutin 33 Eleanor Rosalynn Smith Carter 569 Kristin L. Ahlberg 34 Nancy Reagan 585 Jason Roberts 35 Barbara Pierce Bush: Choosing a Complete Life, I: 1925–1988 604 Diana B. Carlin 36 Barbara Pierce Bush: Choosing a Complete Life, II: 1988–2015 621 Diana B. Carlin 37 Hillary Rodham Clinton 635 Janette Kenner Muir 38 Laura Welch Bush: Strength and Serenity in Turbulent Times 653 Anita McBride 39 First Lady Michelle Obama: The American Dream Endures, I 677 Nancy Kegan Smith and Diana B. Carlin 40 First Lady Michelle Obama: The American Dream Endures, II 696 Diana B. Carlin and Nancy Kegan Smith Index 716 Notes on Contributors Kristin L. Ahlberg is assistant to the has also published Dolley Madison: The Prob- general editor in the Office of the Historian, lem of National Unity (2012); The Queen of US Department of State. She is the author America: Mary Cutts’s Life of Dolley Madison of Transplanting the Great Society: Lyndon (2012); and A Perfect Union: Dolley Madison Johnson and Food for Peace (2008); co‐ and the Creation of the American Nation compiler of Foreign Relations of the United (2006). States, 1969–1976, volume 38: Foundations of Foreign Policy, 1973–1976 (2012); and Benjamin T. Arrington is a career historian compiler of Foreign Relations of the United and park ranger at the National Park Service. States, 1977–1980, volume 2: Human Rights He holds a PhD in history from the Univer- and Humanitarian Affairs (2013) and of sity of Nebraska, Lincoln and has published Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977– on numerous subjects related to the Civil 1980, volume 1: Foundations of Foreign War, westward expansion, and presidential Policy (2014).
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