"I o ,t know~, that I'm with you all the weayon this protest. fit couse -
"I o ,t know~, that I'm with you all the weayon this protest. fit couse - -4 casnnot coi done violemne GKN for Cabora Bassa A "WILL THEY-WON'T THEY" mys- be used in building a dam". Investment kept in Rhodesia. They are thus put on stry has developed around the possible this year is expected to total R200,000. the same footing, in the eyes of British involvement by the giant engineering (f£17,000). law,asany home- grown Rhodeaian corporation Guest, Keen and Nettlefold Already the prospect of UK firms par- company. So co- operation between GKN in the C150 million Cabora Bassa dalh tieipating in Cabor, Bassa has provoked Mills (Mozambique) and the Rhodesian project. A reeent Reuter report from discussion that they might breach factories of Bolt Manufacturers Africa Johannesburg said that GKN had estab- British sanctions law, as much of the Ltd would put the sanctions legislation lished a new subsidiary company near supplies for the dam will come fron to a tough test. Louenco Marques in Mozambique in Rhodesia. So far the British goveroment If a Labour government is ever going order to supplythe Zamc consortium has taken the view that onlyif a com- to take a strong stand against British which is building the datn. According to pauy directly handles Rhodesian goods firms helping to build Cabora Bassa, it is this report, thenew companywould will it break the law. In this way it h-a unlikely to find temptation stronger than' work in conjunetion with GKN's exist- let Barclays Bank DCO, which is helping in the case of GKN. The company has, ing subsidiaries in South Africa and to finance the dam's constroction, off the for same years, been the biggest single Rhodesia. legalhook. industrialcontributortoConservative But enquiries in Londonhaveproduced Partyfunds.In1969itgave£33,000. a denial that GKN "has tendered for, or But even on this somewhat narrow And even though profits jumped last has been invited t tender for" any part interpretation of the law GRIN would be year from £31.5 million to £7.1 million of the Cabora Bassa contract. GKN does, sailing very clse to the wind. For most (before tax) aided by some lucrative however admit that it has taken-legal of thecement which will go into the dam government contracts, GEN chairman advice and that it believes it would not wall is likely to come from Rhodesia, and Raymond Brooket was moved to conbe in breach of UK sasctions law if it the.GKN-bilt equipment would directly demnthegovernmentlastmonthforitsdidparticipate. handle this cemept. Furthermore, if the "dismal retreat" from anti-trade union This admission will inevitably, provoke Reuter report does turn out to be true, legislation last year - "a retreat", said "pecsition that even if no formal deal then the co-operation by the new cod-' Mr Brookes, "from the responsibility to has vet been concluded betwesn>GKN pany with GKN's existing suteidiary 1n govern'. mos hit BARCLAYS BRANCHES it picketed on and around Ms Brighton (Sussex University Committee - SUSAC also Ih day's May Day fair, organid Trades Council): Portsmou AAM - Portsmouth will be next Saturday): Farnboro Hants.: Newport, Mon.: C bridge Freedom Fighei Huddersfield (Yorkshire Young Liberals): Manches and Cheshire Y.C.L.): Edisb University World Poverty Bletchley: Bristol and AparhLeid Societ,. . r4
QUE AN ...-et ye1s., the number of non-South . iear living in the Republic hae btwreea half and three-quarteru of a I..-Mt of themse -called 'foreign' . "oe ontrt labourers on the and white-owned farms. Soms come Sow timeu, others Istle down in the o pmunently, but most upend gat"c pt of thesr working liesu tig back ad ferth between their and their jeo v m res Mocaahiuxe, Lesothie an, MluwI. Rhodeuu, Nueeibia. lad dd Angela - roughly in that Of nuesber, Meombique being the st Ilbgl sore. WiWy do they do it, anonymous trovellers, eadulng te and yen, s oseparation from their en. walking and riding hundreds us albg dusty uo.de roads., wtiog g.,.Id in the mines for a few shillings I Why thie life-long tread-miIl of Ly and physial baednblp? No choice truth is tbet they have no Choic. in the victims of e system opiltwiebtolin throughout Southern cthblnhud, bycolonialconquestndintheSemof ll di'Id a St is n opetm which has use only , black moo's labe., ond oone for ght. h alth appinous er needa Th, vdque Conve nti. between in, Poo esthoeltie, and lh SOoth Afeien -nt. iliotcteo the nuture of thi 0io - 1fr 0tleast 1b menths. tlderdcvelopmoent and exploitation take this extreme Ind harel form in Moeambiq e, but similar drives operate in the tee e-protcetorates and indeed througheet much If Southern Africa a . whole. Th, poll" which complements this push'" is the voracious need of the great mining com,nles fr cheap black lahour. Outy its nvallabiltty outside the borders of South Africa hon enblod the mines to oontinue to operate preitobly despite the fixed price of gold io the past three decades. In this purled the proportion of oon-South African bloek labour employed on the mines has rien from 48 to 66 per coat - eloquent trntlmony to the reluotance of South Africs to work for negligible wgs on 'the deeperatios of their brothers outuldo the country to ied work at oay price. Reel wcges for Africaso on the mines. have 0o increased since 0911. And the gap between African and white muiers' wageu has risen inthe.same period from ot1. to 1:17.6. Exploitation Thus the migratory lobour system which brings no many Africans into the .mbit of The aartheid statc can be ,ecn as a process which beneits the Portuguese Government and the Sooth A rican mine-owner. But it uchieves only the exploitation oS the black man. since he gine by it a miserable (in real terms, diminishing) pittance, which allow, him fl chance to acrumulate wealth, purebose property or escape the pressures of the ystem On a huge scale, South Africa n, punderig Soothern Afeict of its ment dfal uset - its manpower, and the ecposes of 'ndependent African states to this situation reflect, how far they are usee.ng a genuine independence, or much they are trading their own people's lives for ahbot-te m cash gains. Tanziala has ended the recruitment of her nationals for. employmeas on the mines; Malawi is prometing the recruitment of hers. SIn many ways, the gulf between white SUth, Africa and her black hinerland reseh01e that between the Third orid and ls Wet. Bloch means poor, migrant, rural, exploited. White means rich, stable, urban .ad exploiting. The black man whu comes to Seeth Africa has less choice even than the Jamaican er Pakistani coming to Britain. Both are victims of elninllsm, d wn by the msanet of industrial employmoet away f5om their homes. But for the hIk moo .in Southern Africa it is a case of o of the frying p.n into the fre". Te sno -hops of emaeplag from either ,ntil the armed liberatioo struggle has b*rcd ath a ndfineand putl. theisr hert of soeiety which bI not nd on the inhuman eport of Its own speality is Cllod'. ee. they prertt re in Vietam and rise Over the very minds of the employees in the offices and factories of Milwaukee,' So speaks the Milwauk Committee of range programme of attack on Muftinati . I orporatlions headquartered in Milwaubee and involved in South Africa. Their campaign Ia sentred en American ' big huoinem' that is intent on sustaining the '-statue quo' by their involvement in'the South African eonomy. An eleetrical fel, Cetler-Hammes Igranie Ltd, Johannesburg is a jolat venture with British and South.African capital, and beasts that It is now 'the largest producer of electrical controls in the fast growing South African Industrial market'. The Milwaukee CRV aim to present the reasons for this * suceessa' -.O.... OPEARS that some Amnerian firms holdings in South Afria are finding tuation a little awkward, to say the This was also Indicated In a report rded from the Department of Urban es at Shaw University, North Carolina. asked why his company preferred to n unnamed in an article on South a In a local newspaper, an official of ompany explined: t out -nO -O r11 Otteitiub t- anr Bradford 0t 0stcr. urgeo Ito mem-er's "to use all reaonable means at their dispoal" to stop the forthoeming all-white cricket tour. The resolution. which was inally pased Overwhelmingly, called un students be lobby local Councils and tread unionists "to stop public transport and services to grounds where matches against the South Africans e to be played". For the first time. the NUS has offernd full moral support and materiel help to the leading liberation movements in Southern Africa, including ANC and ZAPU, This move was opposed by uome pocfsts. but the vast majority of the delegates accepted the inevitabelity for violence in the South African situation. A campaign is to be launched in conjnction with the Anti- Aparthuid Movement against British educational involvement in Southern Africa. An elected committee will sek information from Students' Unions ehout thclr colieges' contact with the reit t egimee. Another, section of the resolution dealt with the role of Barclays Bank in the UNA condemns Cabora Bassa AT ITS GENERAL COUNCIL I. York In April, the United Nations Assoclation (UNA) passed resolution. of support for the liberation movements in Southern Africa, called for the halting of trade and investment with South Afcisa. and resolved to work with the Anti-Apartheid Movement and Stop the Seventy Tour committee in its protests against the visit of the all-white South African cricket team. UNA condemned the Cabera Bassa dom project, and calld upon the government to prevent any British company from partielpating in the project, either directly or through its subsidiaries. They also stated their concern at NATO Support for Portughi. and called upon the British goenment to ensure that no NATO arems were used by Portugal in Africa. Thu resolution passed on Rhodesia urged that sircraft using Rhodesian airports should be refused landiln rights. 00d proposed that the Brtish gvement should put this Sorward -s a resotion in the UN Security Council THE LAST SENTENCE of the article beaded "Cricket cash stopped" in the April edition of AA NEWS ,wa inorreet It stated that half of the seil tr for the WaMickshire r'eihkt Club had withdrawi. It, shouldhavaed thetilf th IIleet es appesached had igred the peti tion against the South African tour, and one had withdrawn from the pool. Protesters picket Barclays Bank at Piccadilly CIroUs On ray 1. Further north... THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in Canada was held recently at the International Students' Centre, University of Toronto. In the annual report reference was made to activities in 1969, inoluding a demenetration outside a hotel where a reception was being heid to promote trade and support for the South African regime, and a successful membership eampaign. Reolutions were passed ealling for increased activities in the Trade Union sphere, the opening of a permanent office with staff, ,nd the Joining with the Canadin and New gealand groups to protest to their respectivo goverments at thu planned All-BcInk rhgby teas If Sout Atit .e. Ca Base.fame P-rticular attention was driwn to the campaign to withdraw accounts from Barlays and it i. hoped that many student., ,fI now try to prevent Barlays froom aderising in university and cllege, at the lbegnning of the new academic year in Spember. The debate at thiho Conference ked a turning point, in NUS's invlvmet be Southern Africa. No longer were the delegates prepared to accept pious platitudes about the evils of %apartheid, they nlow demanded positive action. To quote from the rsolution, NUS has now -ecgnlsed that " racialism 1. Souther- Africa can Only be opposed i, Its political context and that the African people are faced with' a situation where their freedom can Only be achieved by the Liberation Movements which are fighting on their behalf ". Bicycles CAMBRIDGE FREEDOM FICHTERS CAMPAIGN 1. collecting bicycle,, for the Liberation Movement. The'bicycles will go, straight to the =~braton M~ovement, if freight costs, etc., ame rasonsdle or CFFC will auction them. Bicycles are widely M.e in the liberated areas of Mozsmhique and the OAU Liberation Co- .itt .f has welcomied the scheme. CFFC is planning a sponsored tie on the bicycle. in June - from Cambridge to Lon, don Dorks. They have act an initial target of 200 bicycles or £1,000 by next Decemb)er. CFFC hop.. that the Idea wfll spend to .then place.. Information about freighthig cast., et... from Richard Robinson, St Castheine's College, Cambridge. Ghana boycott THROUGHOUT GHANA frem March 14-21, a variety of activities were organied to commemorate the tenth anniereary of the 'Sharpeville Massacre'. The week, Joining the Ghana United Nations Ausoclation. the National Committee on Apartheid and the Youth Cotncil of Ghana, included a eyinposnlm. radi and television programmes devoted entirely to the sublect of apartbi, hnd no.erous preso statement. The week ended with a demonstratios in Acera, involving the presentation Of a pretest note to the British and American High Comlission. So their omplicily ever South African Apartheid. Appeals were ,so madef o the boyctting of Barelays nk aN A DEBATE inthe neu'il. If EurePo, he duluatien from the Nst lribnds Pla-Ii.e etme it ele-r that it would 'OIt.any appuiatiun by Portugal to Join the EEC" H also called on countries which suppled ars to Portugal to respect the UN Seeurity Council resolution calling for an embargaon the supply of arms which. might be used by the Portugese in their colonial ware. Bristol TEE RECENTLY FORMED Bristol AA, adding their strength in opposition to the coming cricket tour, are planning to send contingents to three matches - Jone -6 at Lords., June 27 at Edgbaston and July 25 at Swansn Anyone wishing to jon these parties are urged to contint Martin Brent, 12 Cothans Gardens, Redland, Bristol, or phone Bristol 45913 us soon s possible, a estimates ars required for coach boohineu. Goldsmiths WORKING IN CLOSE CO-OPERATION with the South East Committee of Stop the Seventy Tour, Goldsmiths College, London AA are planning full support for activities during the coming tour. A more consistent aspect of their local action, 1s a fortnightly Neusebrief distributed around the College free. Circulation at the present is about 200 and eent topics have included the Heath/Smith scandal. The current issue contains an analysis of the Immorality Laws un the Facts Page. ASl branches and group. are reminded that news of meetings., ativities or advertising the same must he sent to AA NEWS not later than the penultimate week of each month if they are to be published in the current issue. (ED.) Sell ANTI-APARTHEID NEWS tulk ale. M% disdouenta Ol per co pi Aell-Apasthl 1semast, U9 Charltte le pastage.I St. Lanueon WI: TeO 01-SSS'SlL Join the Anti -Apartheid Movement Reseive ANTI-APARTEID NEWS, inforsation bulletins and specli AAM reports N a...... A dd ress ...... Phone ...... Membership f j.;: le/. for students, Affillon : =2 student unteons: A5 national orgsadllons: 92 lcal ortiallsatls. ACTION - NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL sofesthe, pai s s US coUUpaniOs harassed wr .teRIl CUTLI~o-ltAMME~R EXECUTIVES and ______Seethn 0 an't he the Or toret t- to present a ben "nsonIt- tsploalets the arges 'eaptealvea fiet In. the world, en which the South Aflean munltions industry is based. The students alan discovered that the university had substantial Investments In I.e Ti-t-Zoe Corporation Ltd (RT). RTZ's Southern African Interests are canaderble. It has live Rhodesian subsidiaries, and five in South Africa. Mast important ,among the South African holdings It the Paahora mining complex an open.pit cnpper producer with the largest open east ine In Africa. Palabura's net profits In 199 were 117 million. Another company in which the university was found tW have considerable Investments wan Charter Coaleldated Ltd. This is the portion at the Oppenheimer empire which ai. to diversify its interests outside the held of Southern Africa. but a substantial portion of its interests are in South Africa (about 38 per cent). It Is Involved in the Held of mining finance, and the market value of Its equity capital in 1968 wa f£351 million. Canalldated Goldfields had ale been ftvoured by the Oxford Curatrs. It has no less than 40 subsidiary and associate companies in South Africa and Rhdesla. It was found that the university has holdings in Baselayt Bank DCO, whoe rule In Southern Africa is dealt with elsewhere in this issue It Is likely that the Investments uncovered by the occupying students do nut reveal the full extent of the University', involvement in Southern Africa. Like the disclosur of the files at Warwick University, however they have shown the sinister role played by the aendemic establishment in this country in underwriting eacial exploitation in Southern Africa. The mining companies in South Afriee (Charter Consolidated. De Beers, RTZ and Consolidated Goldfields among them) arc notorious for the inhuman conditions under which they keep African workers. The earage cash wage of the whites employed by the mining companies is 17 times greater than that of their African employees. AAM Conference THE ANTI.APARTH9I1D MOVEMENT is balding a major conference on British conomi inveolement in Southern Africa in Birmingham on Sunday, June 2& The conference is being held to mark Africa Freedom Day, which actually falls on June 26, but it is hoped that by holding it on the Sunday. a number of the people fivolved In demonstrations against the ail-whit South Airican cricket team at . E.gbhaton the preyIous day will he able to -6,e'SkySe sa. d .trand Ah qnfeep FU details will he announced In he nel isaue of ANTI APARTHEID NEWS. Students expose Oxford's tainted money OXFORD STUDENTS have exposed the assive investments held by the university In South African mining and finance torpanies. On the night of April 24. 60 members of the Campaign for a Democratic University caikuld the estates offices of the Univer ,ity Cheat, financial headquarters of Oxford University. While they were there, they opened the ies relating to the investment. made hy the Curators of the Chest. The Curaors manage the central fund of the university, and a pool to which the constituent ollege . ranteihutea They discovered that some U611,000 bad been invested by the Curators in South African mining and finance companies. The -majority of these investments had been obtained in one week during Jnuanry. 1970. Mast of them were with the vompasies listed below De Rees COnselkdated Mine Ltd was one of the major planks in the unveraity's inerstmnt platform. This diamond mining giant has been described by ita chairman Harry Oppenheimer. at a "benevolent monopoly '. .The market value of Its equity capital was dl,3u2 million in 19613 Its net profits in that year (after taxationi were £8 milli-n, . figure Which increased to f73 million last Year. Nat stings Nat in CONFUSION OVER the Sooth African Government's swingeing new job reservation provisions areas recently when the two Ministers concerned appeared to be contradieting each other, Soon after the first announcement by Deputy Minister of Bantu Administration Dr Pit Koorhof had caused a storm throughout the world, the Minister himself, Mr M. C. Botha, made an 'explanatory statement" He said Dr Koornhof's published notice was "an announcement of the intention to introduce certain prohibitions and was an invitation to all Interested persons .r bodies to make whatever representations they may wish to make .... " In fact, Dr Kaornhof's public statement, and his notice is the Government Gaette. had read more like decrees than Invitation. He had simply announced that non-whites would henceforth be prohibited fram worklig as clerks rahiers: typists, tlsphone operator. releptionists. sales lerks countemen In the clties Thie caused a. uproar from organised commere and industry inside South Africa, and worldwide disapproval outside. It is still not clear if Me Botha's statement was an attempt to back down in the face ot this pressure, or to confuse his opponents. Tha situation was complicated by the fact that the whole affair was part at the run-up to the General Election. W- it merey m eftr play to Pql the tight-ig cater- mj ree,Ie D, 4-1-,, bneh to Ihe bosm- of Mr Voestecy BARCLAYS BANK'S ivolveent Is the Portegoete "government's C aors Bassa aeheme bus focussed attention en the bank's rale in Southern Africa. Student groupa at aver 20 universities have organised pickets, protests and withdrawal.. The NUS is backing the campaign (eo-ordinated by the Dambustere Mobilising Committee), and the Haslesoere Group, the SCM and others are piling en the presnure. A report is the 'T7e o Blslnes Nea af April 24 shows that the campaign has already had a deterrent effeet. South African businessmen recently back from Europe and America reported a distinct reluctance by their Brit'sh counterparts to be seen to be associated-with South Africa. The Saud Daily Maia deputy financial editor zaid: 'It is difficult to be convincing in asking a banker to ignore politics and concentrate on South Africa'a great growth potential when his bank's premise. are surrouded by picketing demonstrators Snys the Times coyly: "Though he does not name I company, Mr Seton is presumably referring to Barclays." In this secial feature AA NEWS enwines Barlays' role in Southern Africa. In 1890 Cecil Rhode' hired mercenries entered Rhodesia The Pioneer Column, as it was cailed, wan the muled fist of British imperialism in Central Africa. In 1896, the Ndebele and Mauhona took to arms to defend their land. Negotiution and courtesy had availed them nothing. They were crushed by superior force, and scarcely had the firing died down when Barclays Bank DCO arrived on the soene to reap the fruits of conquest. Barclays' antecedents in South Africa go back much further - to the Eastern Province Bank (founded in 1838) and the Colonial Bank (186), and especially to the National Bank of South Africa Ltd, founded under charter from the Boer leader Paul Kruger, and the bankers to his government and successive governments of the Transenal. The Barclay.s Group ompries" Barclsys Bank, Barclays Bank DCO iDomln, Colonial and Overseas), Martins Bank ad numeres other banking and Inane bases For practical and political purp.s they can be treated as one supra-natioal institution. No one metion of this giant ran dissociate itseli from another. The metion that dominates the financial world Of Southern Africa is Barelays DCO. Its Chairman is Sir Frederick Seebohm, who is also Deputy Chairman aof the parent bank which owns 55 per cent of DCO'S equity cnpital. DCO operates in 38 countries' The gengraphical distribution of branchas I. as follows: SouthernAftria 9a(58percent of totl) RestefAfrica 551 Sudau and Meditrranean 120 tTE, UTSAand Geewany 15 Total 1,44 The 902 branrhes of Barclays DCO give It a short lead aver its narest South African rival, the Standard Bank, which has about 800 branches in South Africa. The composition of OCO's African beards is revealing. The Rhodeslan Board (eight members) has no Africans, but does Include Sir Humphrey Gibbs, Sir Henry McDoweli iChairman of the Council of the University College of Rhodesia and a Director of AngisAmerican), and Sir Frederick Crawford (of wife- and-passport notoriety, described by former Commonwealth Secretary George Thompson as one of the Smith regime's active supporters). Their Zambian Board (acn members) has only one African member, but includes copper magnate Sir Ronald Prale, Their Mocambique Board has four members, two Portcguese and two South African. Even in Kenya their Board reflects their historival THIS IS HOW connction with white supemacy and coloniaism - only two out of Ova members se African In South Africa, DUCO makes no pretence at Afriranization. All the members of the Cape, Natal, Orange Free State and South African boards are pure white, as are il1 their managero at all levels. No prim is offered for guessing the racial empusition et their South West African board (have they beord of Bamiai?, They have not made strenuous efforts to train Africas, as last month's AA NEWS showed More evidence ef Barclays' directly political role can be found in it partialpation in UKOATA, and its support for the rabidly pro-apartheid journal Southern Africa which circulates largely in the City of Lund- so UKSATA is a bsinesmena' lobby which baa offices at the same address as the CRI and the Southern Africa Committee of the British National Export Council There is considerabie over-lapping of personnel amongst them three conveniently situated bodies. UKSATA has persltentiy lobbied against the embargo on the sale of arms to South Africa and for closer trade links with - ancah' el t Souther Africa. Barclays DCO Is a member of TTKSATA and Chairman Seeboht dlte on UKSATA'," Committee. SOuthern Afric., in whichBarclays is the largest regular advertiser, has a fiavore all its own. Here Is an extract trom its editorial of November 8: "A handful (and that's all they are) of midget-anarchists determined to have a'demonstration' at any rout, have now picked on the South African rughy team (in the absence of anything else) in order to demonstrate their 'sense' of disorder against order itself. "In art we elder people must take the blame. . We taught them nothing about the sheltering hand of Gad. Instead wc gave them the text-books of Freud - and let them go nn they pleased, to drugs and nothingness: to the lucrative mastrs at 'permissiveness': to su without Isoa: to life without destiny. It needs strong government to stop the spreading rat among the young." The case against srdays in thee' whelmiag. Its stake In Southern Africa is so enormos that it would be welcm to any sea-socialist group . gsveramaent It is doubly welcome to the white minority regimes which arc inherently utable and seek concrete support from outside to ss,tam their monopoly of power and prilelig This is the burden of the charge. The political lobbying, the staffiag policies, the high profits, the are secondary manifestations of the stake of apartheid. True, other banks bae dirty hands, whether it be in relation, to membership of UKSATA. or involvement is Southern Africa. But w bank. British oI Americas, has an much blood on its hands as Barclays. I 5lan Is 1 o a.anerr -Ts h4se alt Akad Pryeaide qfesee- Pa &-euayln it, 15w a .a di ,h Massie sad Atidis, ef Aai f A, t Cosqasv Bardays share cerltiflcate: passport to enloitition jobs row Thae who ay that it was, and that it will never be seriously implemented, target one thing: thee has never been a single piece of apartheid legislation which has not been implemented Certainly the new ban will be difficult to carry out. There is already a shortage of skilled and proessional worker In South Africa. The Government and organiard commerce have been advertising freely in Britain and other countries in an effort to attract more white workers. How many Africans will lose their jobs and when? One estimate says the figure miii he 10,000 in the Transvaal alone, mainly I. Johannesburg' This seems a conservative estimate. The Bantu Laws Amendment Act, which was passed by Parliament in February, and on which the new measure is baed, empowers the Minister, after unsltation with the Minister of Labour and giving one month's notice, to prohibit employment of any African in: any specified area; any clam of employment; any trade; the service of any specified emplayer or class of employers, The South African Congress of Trade Unions, the country's only nos-racial trade union ecordining body, has appealed to British Workers to help it fight the new ban which it called "a cynical pre-eleetion ploy "Even if the aroPased restriotions are only implemented partifay at present, it is the African worker who is thrown Into laenriy a -1ticyl.o the sIV)i~h,' whim."ieLnospesefe BP admits SWA oil bid BP. in which the British government has a 49 per cent hlding, has admitted that It Is exploring for oil in South-West Africa although Britain ofietally doe nst reegain South Africa's administration of the territory. SPa exploration work. which is -at an early stage at present ", it part of a 504D joint venture with Shell in the area. They are understod to be operating an off4hore rig, and a BP spokesman In London aid "obviously Soth Africa knows all about It, s at eourse there is same sort of agreement". Reaction an this from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office was evasive The government It isfflally "not aware of any Shell-fp operations in South West Afrea ", but "no permission for this would be needed anyway ". The goveenaent has two neat. fated direetors an Bips beard, but SP i regarded as "a completely independent commerelal company ". When asked fer the government reaction to British firms operating In South West Africa. the FICO spokesman replied "the UK dlret investment In South West Afria Is amost al, and indiret Investment i ey low " Beyond that he refused to comatent, Tne Ano - all irm Gulf, who have smajor drillngs is Angola ar I al tie. Namible. Barclays exploits 0< ~ - ovovai>
Sot Afrc' deecesrae - NAT - SATONATO and the, arms embargo: . Africa bids for- Britih suppt P._ -VBtaRa dirlH .Bemn THE ONLY REAL THREAT to white South Africa's security lios within its own bordes. It is the African people of South Africa who wil, in the cod, destroy the white ager. Against this threat Sooth Africa is trying to draw to the whole might of the West. Every yoar Westen economic involvement in South Africa increases, more Wete capitot is invsted, more Western goodt ate smd. The West has a stake in apartheid. South Africa is working to make I it defen that etak- by toe tae of arms to South Africa, by incorporating South Afric mit own efence sytem. Tt Cape route Th iOhota o ooomio~otree je t3P otroto usedto hiest theWeo ew intctic sto taing poiot to the Capt 00000. t aioous to build up the Russian ,h-t It the Indian Oceon and the South Atlantic and to present itself as a defence against it. Simonstown Historically Britain is the Weten fco ty most concerned with the Cape roue. It woo to protect the route to India and the ast that Britain became involved in Southe Africa. It is with Britain that South Africa has its strongest military links. f. 1955 Britain ani South Africa signed te Siaonstown aormnt. Te Royal Navy was given the use of . base at Smonstowcr in retur Britain facilities to the South African navy. South Africa looks thrst to Britain for its arms imports =id it looks to Britain for an entree to the West's defence system. Th. Sharieville a-sacr 1960 and the growing miitrization within South Africa led to an international campaign for ' atoro embargo. During 1963 and 1964 the Secty Council adopted esolutions on this subject. The Conservative Government in Britain supported the resolution with the proviso that Britain would go on supplying South Africa with arms "for external defence". In 1964 when the Labour Govetrment won power, the new Prime Minister Harold Wilson announced that Britain would suppet the embargo. But the British embargo is moot foenl than real. All it pretends to do is to stop arms exports and even here thoere ae loopholes. When Wilson announced Britain's support foo the embargo he said that existing contracts would be fulfiled. A week late, he announeod that Britain would supply South Africa with 16 Bucoatet low-flyheg naval tike aircraft .0 the agomesnt tdeor which them were to be supplied had already been signed. Britain e0011spples "spu parts" for equipment Theme inctude Puts bar the Boteerpt foe the Soot Afi tI e 'ooe6ut Iuftbut bombes and for the navy's Shackeaon. It atto includes tmooniion for South Africa's Centurion tank and 25-pounder go. What. nstitotes "arms" is narrowly interpreted. In June 1965, the go ent sanctioned the sate of £400,000 worth of four-whee drive Vauxhall motor chasft for armourd sate or ltries to South Africa. Both the Ut.S and Canada have already refused licences to their own rms to sell South Africa ieitat ehcletsa. The arms embargo does not caor naval equipment supplied under the Simonstown Agreement. The equipment includes such items as 4.5 inch noav shells, changed slightly so that they qualify as "practice tamunition". Neither does it include the purchase of icences and bhe-prints for military equipment. Engines fo the Impala aircraft = built oin South Africo ate of British deign, British IBns can invest freely in South African industries, including the arms industry. The munitions manufactring firm, African Explosives and Chemicals, pat of which was recently taken ovee by the South France sells arms IN AUGUST 1963 the UN Security Council calwed on all States "to cease forthwith the suat and shipment of arm, ammunition of all types and military vehicles to South Africa". France has openly defied the UN resoltien. Aecording to Le Monde in May 1968 "During the period in which the arms ebago has been supported by the US and Great Britain, Peace has become the principl supplier of anns to South Africa". In 1968 South Aftica was France's thied biggest customer fo mitary equipment after Lrael and Belgium. Fance has suppied the South African tieforce with its most moden fighter planes, jot bombers and helcopters, including Mirage Dlts jet fighte-bombers, small Alouete helicopters and iggest SuptePrelon heficpot. In May last year France and touth Africa signed a new agreenent fo the ospply of Tesaft - heavy mltiaey transport pilase developed joiotly by France and Gesany. In Apl, 1967 South Africa and'Fience negotiated the purchase of the South African Navy's fret mbmarne France was to build thee Dapme submarines, worth £41h million each, fan Soth Africs. The submarines can cry 12 tnperde, have a tbtocesgied spe of 16 knot sai a Fads of 300 tiles. In 1968 South African naval personnel visited France for taining ad the jost submarine launched at Nantes, was delivered to South Africa last year. In March this year it was revealed that South Africa ws negotiating to buy three tisle-filng gunboats from Franc and that Defence Minister Botha would visit Cherbourg shipyards later that month. The gunboats ate tnflar to those which France sold to Isael late lasg year. France has helped South Africa to develop a ground-to-ai missile system - the Cactus air defence weapon. When he released details of the project lat May Botha ad that the project had been partly financed by France arnd was "a happy example of fruitful international cooperation". South Africa will receie its fist hatiery of anti-aiecraft misiles in 1971. South Africa has plans to sell the Cactus weapon to other countries: late last year Botha refused to comment to the alleged ede of Cactos units to Lebaton. Italy has also been an important smotp of arms to South Africa. ily .bs supplied Sooth Afica th h 16 -acci jet utainegs:since1967S Aica sbuiltitsown MaccM,.ljt: ned the Impala, under hcebce Italy. Italy make, no attempt to whitewash it attn sales: the Impala is a good African governtment, began as a joint venture in which I.C.I. held 42 par cent of the shames Skilled British techdclans can emigrate to South Africa. Work on the Impala aircoat has been supevised in South Africa by a team from Rolls-Royce. Under the Simontown Agreement there is close naval co-opraton between Britain and South Africa. Britain traim South African Onvel personnel. In Match this year the British and South African navies held joint anti-lubmarin exercises off the South Aftocan coast. UKSATA Thc arms embargo is subject to constant attack by one of the wealthiest piessve groups in Britain. It include' most of Britain's inegeet caanpoaianod many Trry.MPt Hi1 Ptale cadel by the U.. - South Afica Trade Associntin (UKSATA) ad by the CB1 and the Southern Africa Committee of the Bpad of Trade sponsored British National Export Council. UKSATA's Chairman aid in 1968 "The Pesident and I have been in direct touch with the Prime Minister, the President of the Board of Trade, the Foreign Office, the Leader of the Opposition and SIt Alsa on toe aems embargo isse and an other matters affecting or trade with the Republic. It my also net be appreciated that tey effective prmie ae continually exerted through CBI and BNEC". The Conservative Party Is firmly committed to ending the arms embargo. Last March Tory Shadow Defence Minister Anthony Bathe visited South Africa. "I can state", he said "without fear of contadiction that a Conservative government wil revert to the policy of selling ams to South Africa. South Attica boar llyand we wit treat it as toch". A resumption of arems sales from Britain is Soth Africa's minimum demand. Her ral aim is a place i the "tre world" defence system. For over two years Sir Alec Doghas-Home has argued for closer defence ioks between Britain and Soude Africa. He to SA "caunte-imrgency" weapon, useful in guerilla warfare. West Germany, South Africa's fourth largest treding partner, also pays ip-erict to the UN resolution. But it Is widely believed to be collaborating closely in South Africa's attempts to develop its nuclear potential. The US, like Britain, claim tHat it supports the UN embargo. It has refused permission for Beagle aircraft, whom engines are built under US icece in Britain, and for Mystores, built in France with US engines, to be exported to Sooth Africa. But like Britain, it defones what constitutes "arms, ammunition and miltary equipment" narrowly. in 1968 the South African army wa able to replace itsBritith-built Bedford lorties with over 500 Americn Chevrolet lorries, shipped to South Africa without bodies, to get round objections that their sale was an infringement of the ares embargo. Thr US, mot than any othe Westen country, i recent month has stressed South Africa's "Stabiizing" role in the Southern Africa sub-cotinea. US capital is pouring into oil and rnning ventes in Angola, Congo and Mozambique. It is difficult to believe that the US wouh not relax the anne ban if it became a real set-back to Sooth Africa's miitr strength. has suggested that NATO should come to an agreement with Sooth Africa tO defend the Southen Ocean area. Moreecetly Geoffrey Rip.. M.P. elaborated this idea in tome detail when he addressed UKSATA in October last ye: "The Simorntow Agreement is of major strategc significance in teRms of the South Atlantic and the Indian Oce-s The spectacular growth of Soviet naval power and its extenion into the Atlantic and Indian Oceans ca-not be ignored. The closre of the Suez Canal and the development of the large supe rtnkem has intensified the importance of the Cape mate to the maintenance of our tmode ad communicatlom - and thon of our NATO allies". Ma. Ripon went on to my that he had "get sympathy" with what the Portugoese 00d at atod T.. ty A a meeting in Libon in October 1968. He quoted the Portoguese Mo ister "The NATO Alliance should nut be indifferent to the preservation for the West of vital strtegic poeitiens. We have ever understood, for example, how one can separate the North Atlantic from the Southern Atlantic, or how one can ensuea the secuity of one without taking into account the security of the other". At the end of last year a NATO journal circulating among member countries published a long article by the President of the South Africa Foundation entitled "South Africa and its importance to the Western World". Also in 1969 a US military joumal caed an unsigoed article 'The Strategic Importance of Sooth Africa." These and other articles hae been putting Sooth Atrica's arguments for its formal integration in the Western detence system The pressures on South Africa's side ae very strong. Will Britain's Labour goveotmen stand up to them Last December saw another crisie over arms supply. South Africa asked for more Hawker Siddeley Buccaneers. The Sunday Telegraph screamed "Wilson to sell strike planes to South Africa". The goernment on net there are other m growing defence nt South Atric . ya Last Nove c reportl that ttoB a Sicence to the Clydeside tob sitip ordered Antmnenla Hose of Co that a licence d In Jn-, Ay Commandi vitdSooth. the Mm fuemvellcor "-. Then 0t wu r tatlks with Det higihmntergnI Thenh hiMa Liutenant Ge Frame i. S. "counter-imurge is belived to he with top Brihm The arms lobby hope of. I Lb. According to theC South Afica ge,, placing of ennit. a-e=ies and sub countries as longao change of goireeto heart by the Soctals The arms be exclusion from the important. Not jut Africa's military ek Afica' caoplogn ag bid, on all fronts ,h and ceognition brow the South African press d Of Trade had granted in shipbuilding frm on s1 oceanographt survey ihe South African ,, er questioed i. the Bitilth Minister denied gruntd. Sir Jole Bush. th. h theWesternFleet *s vit gordin to. eb',, was routine,a Intens his retirremsent. theAdriel hadhadN Bothaaswellas W came the visit to Britain of - C. Alan Fraser. General Africa's expert in r y -sn guerila darare. H e had extensive discussions ntry persoanel. ,byliaS certainly not given up aloss arms ben revrsl. e Chain- of UKSATA the ge tient "will delaythe tent foe meral craft nd airbone weapons with other I aposibIe in the hopes of a -s nt here or a change ofla't government". ban and South Africa's the West's defence system is ust because B weakens South strength. But because South nagainst it is part of a wider ,for international acceptance Impala jet fighter plan-es, mnua-tndred under liesce in Sous Africa S. Africa builds up massive arms industry SOUTH AFRICA is one of the most heavily defended countries in the world. In 1969-70 it spent l159 rillion or 2.7 per coent of its Gross National Product on defence. In the lout ten years defece expenditure has shot up: in 1969-70 it was six times greater than it was in 1960. South Africa has the higgest army i Africa, except, perhaps, far Egypt. Aeaording to the June 1969 issue of the Sonth Africa House magaoine Report from South Africa ground forces "actually under arms at my time" comprise a 10,000-ma professional army, mo0r than 20,000 conscripts nd the 30,000-steong police fore. Within hours South African can molitse its 13,000-man Pole seserve, its 50,000man "commando" units and a citizen force reserve mde up of men who have completed their full-tme national service. According to the magazine South Africa "swould have no difficulty fielding 200,000 trained armen ia matte. of days". South Africa's army is el-equipped with tanks, farst ououred cas, rockets, FN rapid fire rifles end Machiegunes. South Africa's ariforce has 230 combat areaft, including 12 Buccaneer light jet boherhs, 9 Canberm, 20 Mirage fighte-bonbers carrying ar-t-=urfe emissils 16 Mirage interceptors and over 80 helicepters. South Africa's navy has two destroyers, 6 frigates, 12 minesweepers, 10 scawavd-efence btats and three dcep-livisnh submarines. Nearly all these form are white. All white South Afrians mut spend 9-12 months training in the Citizen Force. Much of South Africa's present equipment Centurion tanks, Bucmeer aicraft, Mirage fighter-bombers - were bought from the West. But since the early 1960s South Africa has made a determined drive to become self-ufflcient in arrms manufacture. In April 1963 Defeoce Minister Fouche said that Smuth Africa ceuld manufacture all the ammunition it needed; In 1965 he said that South Africa had already obtained 120 lcenes to manufacture nepasps locally and was "already practically self-sufficient .n far as the production of small weapons, ammunition. and explosives were conaerned. In 1968 the South African government established ARMSCOR, a state-owened rmsu industry which provides financial assistance where private cronet regard the making the 11011111 ams as an unrecnomac propoition. By 1968 cooperation with a French electronics Him Aeding to the newspaper D Cal de Wet, Seth Africa had developed its own anti-tank South Africa hod developed the Cactus air South Africa's Minister of Health, Mines and mine, which it claims is cheaper then defence pstemn, "the most advanced and Planning "lifted the ve off our Air Force nd imported mines effective of its kind in existence". Malsvi's new airport" in an interview with In 1965 South Africa tited preparing to South Africa is one of the world's major jouaaets The paper quotes de Wet as saying make its own miliary aircraft and in 1967 the uraan producers. In August 1965 Prime =With ayeyeoa theanesiableand Atlas Aircraft Corporation began producing Minister Verwoerd inaugurated Somth Africa's dangerous position in which we find ourself, Italian Impala jel aircraft under lioes. In frst nuclear reactor and said: "It is the duty it will ean much if an aiefeuld or an airport is March 1968 Sie Eric Yarow, Claiman of of South Africa net onlyto coader the built in M lwi which rould aloe ud hy Yar ows of Clydeside, visited South Africa miiitary use of the materialbtalse ta trec .t meta airaft." But the Mindter's re rnoks and held talks with the Minister of Defense. its uses for peaceful purposes". were hastily denied. He widthat he wouldprobablyexpend hI Beth West Gmanenyand Franer have interests in South Africa to include the roliahoeated with South Africa in developing SOUTH AFRICA'S building of wrsip. In August 1968 the its nuclear potential. The South African DEFENCE STRATEGY South Africa firm Dorman Long (Africa) Ltd. Atomic Energy Board has close links with the built South Africa's first miliary naval venal West German company Krupp and Siemens by Abdrul S. Minty - a £250,000 torpedo reovery ese rthe and with the Atomic Centre at Julich. In South African navy. 1968, the head of Sdeteg, the firm which with an introductio by Sauth Africa has also moved into the fold designs, tests and builds France's nclear the Rt. Rev. Trevor Huddleston of rocket research. In 1963 it established its warheads visited South Africa. own National Inslitate of Rocket Research. In May1968 South Africa announced that Publiaiith bythe in October 1968 Defence Minister Botha I would refuse to sign the international treaty Anti-Apartheid Movement, anmouncedthata bssse ewastobe tostopthespieadofnuclear weapons. CharlotSt LondnW . established on the Zululand coast and in Defence Minister Botha told the UN's December the first rocket was successfly poliicl onnitter that South Africa would Tel. 01-580-5311 fired. notopenheruranhnminestointernational Prie 2/6 In 1969 Botha umaced that, n inspection. SATO planned in S. Atlantic SOUTH AFRICA is anasis to build up her South Africa in international affairs. Recently Minister Caetana visited Brazil in July 1969. forces in the Soth Atlantic. She is genuinely Australia increased its subsidy to South In May 1968 Defence Minister Botha afraid that Russia will move into the area African wanting to settle in Austrhia. Last reewied that there hd heen a seceet defence when Sriten withdawns from the Indian February Australia's trade commissioner in conference "at service level" with Southern Ocean in 1970. She also wants to impress the South Africa wid that Australian trade with emisphese roastes. Next year the Western powees with her usefulnesn as em South Africa should show n increae of 120 CoempnderentChiesf a the Aegeestee Nary anti-Communist bulwark in the Southern per cent over the last two years, when the visited South Africa as the official geest of hemisphere. She is trying to build a place for flre heae available. South African the Defence Department and South Afrian herself in the "tree world's" defence strategy. Airways and Qates am planning to incee Foreign Minister Muller visited Buens Aires South Africa's 1969 Defence White Paper their flights between South Africa and and Rio de Janeiro, Aegentina now has a revealed plans to expand Soth Africa's Australia to four a week by the end of the permnent Naval Attache at its emhsy in maritime facilities - to build a new submarine yeAed109che lahtuansin base at Simonstown. to obtain fast patrol In South AmericaSouth Afica i speculatedi"Theseareearlydeystotalkaeb ut boats, spotter aircaft and a helicopter force expanding its business links. In November at d NTheeeal it s otal aho equipped with guided missiles. It also provides 1968 Economics Minit Hank said that thinking in terss e regsosal tinks aero the for the building of a radio network which South Africa has purchased bonds from the Atlantic. They represent anthe facet t would enable South Africa's naval HQ to keep loter-Amsrimn Bank. The South Mfrmu Soth Africa's presein 'otw d'foegu in touch with my ship or aharft operating General Mining Co. has landed a contsact in poitcies". between Seuth Africa nd Australia. Peru and i March1969 placed an order for As part of this strategy South Africa is South Africam-produced area with African Australia, Brazil and Australia hove all strengthening its links with Australia on the Explosives and Chemical Industries Ltd. leied they are negotiating for a "SAT(". oee side and South America on the other. South Africa's ally Portugal has cloe inks But through their expansion of trade, Australha and South Africa already have much with South America, especially with investment and other lnks with tenth Africa in common. Australia has often sided with Portiguese-paking Brazil. Portuguese Prime they are clearly enoing towards it. *1 SA plano fly over Zambia "SOUTH AFRICA in futtre may have to esa he beder t dstny her eneies" aid Dr. F. ven der Meewe, Chairman of the National Paity' Foreign Affairs Committee in the reaft election campaign. South African troops have already -ntsed their hraders to go to the aid of Swith's tterms. Rhodesi end of Portugal in Angolaaed Mommbique. South African "paramilitary police" have been fighting in Rhedesia since 1967. South Africa has a base uear the Kuene dons site in Angola. It has sant at least three battalionis of troops to the Tote province of Moambique. South Africa blows hot and cold against the Liberation Movements' allies to the North. With .nr hand it offers -the "benrfits" of "economic partership": with the other it threatened retalistion for spport fur the gueriis. The sort of retaliation South Africa's defence chiefs went to favour is the quick pre-erpive sthke. Van dest. Mewe went an to cite Israel as an example which South Africa could well follow. He mnaen Zambia and Tanzana eas posibeis target, South Africa is well prepared for war against the African states. She has a filitry base in the Caprivi strip, the naeow finger of trary that stretches east frem South West Africa and borders on Zambis and Botswin. South Afeican planes fly high on reconnsissnce nmloes over Zambia One of the functions of BOSS, with an amual budget of almost 3 million, is to carry en intelfigence work outside South Africa's borders. Speaking in support of the bill that set up BOSS in the South African Parlament in May last year Minister of the Interior Louares Mulie referred to the Liberation Movemenits in the coetrims aljoining Sth Africa and said "It is vitally important forte Republic to know i advance if possible wink ,inov09chs njit e eeted.edit recent mo in South Africa', slliarv buldd'np in Southern Afica hms b- the Nationalist newspaper Die Berld's allgation that South Africa will use Malewi's eLilongwe uirport es a military air bas in it "fight alaist the terrorists from she noth". shy real Importance, Politcal or military. simording to the Portuguese. UNITA, the third party, in a relatively new movement. Its programme is simple - merely promising the villagers %in, food and women'. So -tar UNITA iN considered a the leaser evil ad the Portguese would be rather sorry if _ eomethiag happened to Dr Jones Malhereo, it leader His aim being materialistit, it in jail priest FATHER JOAQUIM PINTO DE ANDRADE. one of Portugal's best-known negro priests has onee again been detained by the security police in Lisbon. Father Pinto do Andrade is no stranger to Portuguese prisons He was arrested first in 1960 for carrying on a correspondence with his brother, the poet Mario Pinto de Andrade, a leader of the MPLA - the Angoln liberation movement. The Lisbon Government has said nothing abeut Father Pinto de Andrade but it has broken its customary silence on detentions by announeing that several MPLA supporters have been arrested in the eapital Ten of the detainees are to be sent for trial: in addition three students have been de,ed 'with bhee more retena..d on belii Zambian link threatened THE PORTUGUESE in Angola are taking r1episals against Zambia for the successful attack by MPLA on the Karipande barracks iNoetuber 1969. Alarmed at the damage done to the Karipande barracks by MPLA mortar fire, the Portuguese colonialsts have tried to blame their defeat on alleged action by Zambian frontier guards. This has been heid as an eacuse by the Portuguese for yiliaging Zembin merchandise transported by the Henguelo railway line. Until vowe MPLA have rerained rm attacks on the Benguela railway line, because they did not wish to harm Zambia, whose economy is at present partly dependent on import, and eoports carried on the line It 1, indisputable tha t i within MPLA's power to purelyne 1th line, since a eonsiderable sction of it goes through portions of Angola under MPLA military otro. But in a eceant communique, the Steering Committee of MPLA warned that if Zambian traffic along this route wee auperded as a result of Portuguese action, they would proceed to sabotage the line. , horrection: the caption under pictures of reed ontrutlon worker, in last month's AA NEWS cente page feature Worker" ..nder Apartheid" should have read "They eac about 14 or V5 a week " and not "about ,7/ a week OAfinit of "Wrekers unde Apartheid " ae available at 7/6 per hundred from Anti9pheihold Movement, 89 Charlotte Si, Londo Wl: Tel 01-580-l111 A NEWS - MAY 1970 - page 6; SA paper THE SOUTH AFRICAN fortnightly. "'Personality reently carried a aneoest of ' what the mar agalnat terrorias in Angola In really like ". The author, Claide Joul er neeompanle Porugnese sut an wo expeditions in the Esatern war sane Clahids Joubet Is a white Smith Aean whose aympatbiea were teary wilk Ike Portuguese. But unlntentlonaUy hi ntory hows how the Portuguese are losing the tar in Anghia. Jobert flow frem Luanda, capital of Angola, to Lueo, In the "Eastern Military Zone ", Near Luso at a village called Casani, he met Alferes (Second Lleutenant) Cardoo. "We call him or Che Guevara," said another Portuguese officer. -"He is one of the few officers who has grasped the pIohemas of guerrilla warfare." Three days hetere Joubert arrived Casa1 had been attaeked by guerrillas. A badge on an abandoned cap showed that the attackere belonged to MPLA A t villager had spotted a dugot an the river near the village. Joubert joined the unit which went to investigate* Sure enough, the dugout belonged to the guerrillas who were camped on the opposite side of the river. A. the Portuguese waited fot them to cross the villagei who had guided them to the spot dipped his water bottle In the river and gave their piesence away. The goerrillat vanished. For the next four day. the unit searche.d lee signs of guerrillas. According to Joubert, "The results of the operation were poor. We had walked over 80 miles in five days. The only terrorists we had spotted apart srm the group on the river, was a group of thie on the third day. But they had vatohcd before we Could pounee on them. 'The Portuguese have to investigate each track like hounda. Then they follow the track often tor days, With luck they wilt catch up with aa enemy group - but the latter never do battle. Immediately they are attacked they turn tail and run. This, more than anything else might eaptein the low spirita of many of the offcer. to whem I talked," Aocording to Joubert:'"The biggest and nmst dangerous oS the terrorist orgoniatiens to the MPLA. It inspiration s cearly .reist. The seeond movement is the old UPA of Roberto Roden. UPM do not have not impossible that he might one day Come exert proper control. The solution is in re- e don't have enough money for 'Chopper to an agreement with the Portuguese." settlement vIllages" heileopterat. So we carry on with trucks Joobert suggests that the Portuguese have Aeeordlng to Joubert: "In the military although one of them is destroyed on almost given up trying to win militarily in Angola. Sold, the Poetugnee have several short. every convoy." "Fighting Angolan terrorisis an ensmeus .'nEig. 'They d ant have enough planes, Joubert denies knowledge of the largetask. After trying for yeara to crash the heftempters or other technical devices eh mate Sooth Atriean assistane already going goerrilnas the Portgene no, eonentrate as the efillating chemical. need in Vietnam to Angola. Hat he ends with an impassioned on psychological manoeuvres. The future of by the Aserteana,' said a high-ranking plea fSr South African aid. "What Portugal Angola lies in the attitude instilled in its Portugease officer 'It'. Just too expensive -eeda, before it ti too late, Is a massive entire population, white and black, and the for s.' Another officer explained that the assistance programm. The onlyeaantryin effort is aimed at the latter." Portuguese were short of transport. "Yes- a position to provide it s Sooth Afriea, A Portuguese officer told him: "Ou first terday a track was destroyed and the driver The dark shadows 01 terrerism might soa duty to to protect the civilian Population, was killed along with eleven soldiers. A loom up on our horizon if we don't take The country is se big that onr troops cannot fortune blasted *to pieces, It's argued that positive steps.' S EM te Si '0gi detailedadm intrtion wiltbe in tjehnda , , -rghgmhqeinotbmiteiy~n lloaGon.octha - c Afc .e in Rde-i-,totheft,,lee ii n puppetbedimhave neither the skills nor ,,tintheirgranttothemisnionnehols. theeperinenetodealwiththeverygetrr ThishanalreadyeaueetheRomanCSth u Lj peohlemswhich will taco them. otoChrhbe~iee tooll.teteachers Theregimeismakingsurethestandard of inAfricanmissionprimaryshooastthough s ri t d educationoSteachers In l training Col. aC hehspooesman tessedthisdidnot legesareonlyallowedtotakeasmall premeantheshoolwduld 1o9e 5etaidthe portionoftheirintake with Higher CertiiChurch woo unable to make op tho eaten Ideal is the Control of over 90 per sent of at - the reat mut have tower Certifnte. live per cent from its own funds. African primary education by the churehes irrespective of the ember of appicants In a totalitarian state, education is an and missionary societles. In 1967, 549.000 out with Higher Certificate). Important means of moulding the future of 647,00 African children were in mission An Afriean population which is getting generation.TheRhodeianFront'sviewoon school. poorer,bethelativelyand absolutely, is the purpose of African eductatton are Clearly The regime's declaion to cut ts grant to being asked to pay more per child at school, expressed by a reant Parliamentry Corn- them mission schools represents an attempt at the anme time as thee are more children mittee. They " stengly recommend that the on Its. part to soften theo upprior to a to payfor. It is 0oly a matter of time before Division of African Education change their take-over, despite the official reason given African education is taken ever by the policy, and include in the curriculum for all that the cut will enable the regime to spend Ministry of Internal Affairs - the Rhodesian primary schools the inculeation of the dig- moreonsecondaryeducation. equivalent of the South African Department nityoflabour". IfandwhentheChurchesdohandover . of Bantu Affairs The attainment of apartheid A major obstacle to the attainment of this primary education to the regime, the will then be complete. Tangwena resist Smith A MEMBER of Rhodesia's Thagwena tribe, to the regime, who Issued a proclamation M, Wanesayl Noah, is suing the Minister of requiring Rekay Tangwena and 35 of his Internal Affairs for about 5400 for lose of close associates to move by September 1909. property when the regime tried to evict the On September 18 last year - after deTangwena from their home at Inyanga laring Inyanga a "prescribed area" to keep Because the Tangwena were useful in reporters out - the regime moved in with providing labiour to the local farser, they police, dogs, lorries and buldoers. were not prosecuted under the Land Appor- In destroying the homes of the 86 named tionment Act till 1967. In that year Rekayl people, the police also destroyed the home. Tangwena. the demoeratically elected chief of 26 other families. Mr Noah isn on of them (unreeognised by the administration) was -and his action is a test Case for the others. prosecuted, found guilty, and fined, As a result of the new Land Tenure Act Again he was proeccuted in 196. He ap- the whites intend to move hundredn of pealed and his appeal wao upheld. His tribe thousands of other rural African from had been on the land since before it was existing "blank aPots". It seems likely that designated Crown land in 190, so the Act the Smith regime eh itten off a lot more did not apply to them. Thi was intolerable than it can chew. No British help for 22 NO CHARGES are pending against the 22 Miss Naldoo was the subject of several African- who were re-arreoted in February questions in the Indian Parliament last after being found not guilty of charges year. Evidence that she had been tortured under the Suppression of Communism Act. while in detention was given to the United They include Mrs Winnie Mandela and Mint Nations ad ho committee in January, JoyceSikakane. "IamhauntedbythefactthattwodeAlleffortsby families of the detainecs to tainees, arrested at the same time as Ohanti, get information about them, have been have died Injail,"hermother aid. fobbed off by the Security Polie, As they "Shanti is frail and delicate - I am going are now being detained under the Terrorism aot of my mind with worry." Act, there is not even the shred of a guaran- Many British people and organisations tee that theywill ever be sm again, including Frank Judd MP and the AAM pretested to the Foreign Office after the "I am franticallyworried about my re-arreat oS the 1. Hut all protests received daeghter Shanti, who has been detained the =sa1 toethless-butideg 2 e2pone inoemmunicado since Jane last year," Mrs "We fully appreciate your concern at this Mononmoney NoIdoo said in Johannesburg action, although your claim thatpublicieently. opinionasawholeislikelyto be 'shocked' Shanti Notdo was supposed to be one-of Is disputable," Miss rbora Rogers af the the State witnesses at the original trial FO wrote in reply to the AAM's urgent teieof the 22. She made a brief appearance, re- giant aftcr the re-arrest, "However, that fused to testify, and wa immediately jailed le peho . a matte fo you, Orgoloatriet for two months. That wa in December. to judge?" Mrs. Haroun sues SUMMONSES FOR DAMAGES of more than d10i00 have been served on the Miniater of Police and the Minister of Justice by Mrs Galtema Hroun, widow of the Imam Abdullah Haroun who died in detention, aged only 45, last year. The autopsy dooter said at the Inquest that some of the bruises found on his body were similar to tjories seen on n victim who had been hit with . stick. The Imam was arrested at his home in Repulse Road, Athlone on March 28 last year. He died in detention at Maitland on September 27. lis Haron alleges in her summonnses made 0n behalf of her three young children - that her husband', death mas ca..ed by assautso or Ill-treatment by members of the police. Alternatively, she claims failure by the police to provide adequate medical attention for the Itam. (A full account of the iquest proceedings appeared on the front page of ANTIAPARTHEID NEWS lst month.) South Africa: RACISM IN SPORT by Cls do Brogltie Published by Christian Aeion Publelariom on behalf of the Internatione l Defence and Aid Fuld AvaJlaht at lh end of May Srn She AAM sed the Intrnaienolfeneare sshd Ald Fund tells of MPLA success
LESOTHO: TORTURE ALLEGED AFTEB COUP British cops Jfight rebels LAURENCEPFJ'KETHLY,reC.stly TernÉ.aed4giee streck-em b vtitee L-*tho tvith a BBC Ttveeete F-n' in~aOnhavsgtns laorasthel~awn Je,mes ~ea team. Here hec deoerihe the oft EnOhe B~I5 .nd 1*Mhe ~n tosen~n åttitt fcuoe-iug the eomp ~eir this -.h yerin T~e --nt -1,"aalee toehee tri-na sisin, th 4le y- hiy o.an etilv es "TOW5 184 Match bete ender tate) BIern ia Ce Previn-~~ the Hettentota w-n. 1888 Seoth Afric a Ceiket Asneiatian. the gverneg hedy af white erieket la Saath Afriea formad. 1~81-2 Seond tur by an English team .... Ti~ team played XVIII Malays. ,hon, they hnt by 10 eikets, the only occasien en whiah an Englih team has met a nnn-white team in South Afrien hiFirt vi6t by a Saeth Aflienn team ta Engnd.. .lie rskel Fel.. nted that the Sth Afriean team weeld rege before the sennen was aut that t e0 wert mo particular abeat the eoiar of their men. in h tmment about the omiasion of their last bwler T. Hendrika., aMalny.1lehadbeen, Ifrted a a resut of "the grealestperesurebythoseInhigh-authorlty in Authorities cspire to crush protest SEVEN YOUNG MEN, ix af them student. at University College, Cardiff, are faeing trial at Glissanrgan Asaines at eanspiraly They atm ehargad with onnapiring mal I0~unly te eammit damage te aperle grmunda in Cardiff. tontrany t Ceomen La. It la a t that the use of ~tnupiraey charges by the polle will have saias implieatiens for Iata?. antl-Spingboik demenstrn.t, partieularly in vie of the atavistlie e ie for "lew 'n order' whtch will becme ineteariagly atdent as the General Eleetien appaoaehe. Cesepleney charges, here s in the United Statas, are tensaekabie in s far as thay prelde the=praatttien with an pportnity ta met hlgher penalties than thant which w-id fln. from a enavietinn for netaally tieg the thing whirl the atesaed are -~ppaed to have enaaptred th have done. 188 rnnevaal Indian ih nie 1897 Snth Afritat Calnuted Cticet a"d 193C7 t 1. Yuaef made the highéet mdldaal se.re in Seathern Ariea. 412. fle SehOOi Ceket Ciuh v. St, Cricket ClabinBaiawgy. " 1942 '. Rom (an Afrlan) made 184 fr Crwn Mine. v. Mein Reel at Jahenneashbrg Ie was the r st Smath Afrea t ake evå 100 centaries in his eamer. lls5 + Basil d'Oliveira, in a match between CenXley and Mariedale. sored 46 in an 8-ball over, the South Afilean reerd .... Ha hit the frat flve ball, he reecived for a sle 1961 Sayed Hagre's (Indian) XI played egaint Johnny Waitans (White) XI. with nine Springbks, ineluding All Baeher, In the side. Hagre's XI wen by 20 rena. Don't go! ATTFENTION all Wet Hassisnppartera who oppose apartheid. Atcoding to Privata Eye, Bobby Mare and Geoff Herst are going to South Africa to falfil a eaahig agreement Imamedintely alter the World Cup ~aspetltioa in Mexitt City. Ionthall i. as thoraghY ngegated an any aport in South Afrina. Recently the South Afriean goverment banned nonwhite attendane at home fiaturen of the Pietermaritzhurg Foatball Club, last year's winaera of the Castle Cup, Smith Africas prensaer s~neer traphy. Last yrar 60 per gent of the fans who wnatehed Pietermaritzbug play were nanwhite The elub' Charman say that if the gvnenment goe ahead with tts ban the ctub wauld hae ta eut playes'' wages by 75 per tant. Schools STST SCHOOLM SYST w formaed t. meobinse shoal student1 agatet the all-white Soth African cricket toa. SAnyona wanting help in settlug up a seheal where a grtap might be set up coneatt: Danny Friedman, 7 Fernereft AVa, London NW3: Tel 7844835. unchallenged T"E RESULT= of South Africa-, whites.ny letian shaw the annihilation of the uitre-tight etIgte Nasionale Party, aend gatn by the United Party at the espense al the ga erning Netional Party. In addition, the Pragrenelve Party neariyn -eeded in ceptaring n eond sat The inal statre af the parties: 117 Nntionalitn; 48 United Party nembere and ea Progressive. Thia maetans gn e nif n seata by the United Party frn,, the Na±i.nallit. Seftas al the Britiah press heramlded this at'a "awiag le the leltf Suth an Inte?preetiato is granely ieading. The electivn w att the leetien te be used in mattalinig racián suppreanien The question of whethne pawar .ght ta reman in the hand. el lee whites was .n.t entlaned by any- f the partiet. This appeare elnarly last the falt.entg heleetien al qaottean leken freeo eiaetann peeehe~ and sletemant . "Nationaism i- S-ath Afiea is imposatble witheat apartheid. ] am nt forbidding peaple to bana Aflicn aneante if they want let. er netd thenm. Ba lat tat. live In tieir awn areas and est l ydr backyards. Africana are natarlly b testeras and it in better that th y expien thm-telves among their own peaple, whare it la aplreciatad, than where it is not appr.ieted." M. C. Botha. Minister el Eats Admninietration "If thei. is t be any eharing ef politieal re.pnsihiltity with heaih Arina's nen-whlts the untey wil .epetienne thnsa and rbellio.'-C de Wet. Minister af Planning. "We believe Gld pnaed an in Åfrien with a task nd an w an destned peeple we lay Sponsor S. Africans for ld amn THE SOUTHERN AFRICA Medical Aid Fund'swalkra nearly 18fI,the liberatien movameta. New tt in lasnihlng a new anheme: sponsor the all-white South Afriean team lte id a cun - for every ea the white South Afrien sore you nd Rd te the Medleal Aid F Ld, It you eantffod Id a te .h.n yn piayer iepentnig .ht as'ltt etcam h, patieul Dr C. Maidte, Mi "In white soath there."-Philip Mybeirgb. United Party lass didata. "Ceeln politieiana hae ted te 1eete an impression that the Progrehive Pa,t stande for on. man ene veta. This in t.deflaitely not the as--Dr Jan Stytits Progresive Party leader. "Thetovernmenthas tad a blath ek t Inte etatt in the midst of a white attitty Harry Oppenheimer, whom we ae askedt h recognals as a elea- shaven Father Christ man, te patting . stranglehid en tia ..ntrys ecomay."-Jaap arala,HN] enedideta. - When the HNP rutles. itzenship wll h grantad only to Imraigrants wh sta .5 almoiinhle. The Afrikaner r. in danger . heing ploighed under by a streat of lmm1 grant, want al what. are not inmilable. -Professor P. F. D. Weiss, HNP eanildate. PETER HAIN, Chirs., STST Comnttna, and Jeff Cre o.nL lemana, West Indien Stndling Casfe are the tv- t.an .peake a a sneeling ergant-ed by Wem ic/]taee- AA tl.lesI 'Stop Apythald Spot', to be held at p.n n May la in Coplaad Sehoe, Wemsbey. (Near..t tube-Wemlbey Centeal.) Datails of this .eettng and all ather ativitiva daring the aemtag sntha Iram Peter Jones, phone: 902 2117. Pubtisied by Ani-Apartheid Movornent 8 SPORT AND APARTH-EID PuELI, MWl7NG orgsslsed by Maaehester AAM W. sd s.. Ma 20. t 745 u... - Albert Rall. Peter St. Maehanter