Unit 10: Interoperability

10.3. The Interix Subsystem for Windows 2000

AP 9/01 The Interix Subsystem for Windows 2000

• Interix - a full POSIX subsystem for Windows 2000 – Interix replaces the original POSIX subsystem on Windows 2000 – Full network support – Interoperability between POSIX and Win32 subsystems (CreateProcess()) – Bundled with many essential UNIX tools (including X11R5 clients)

• Microsoft acquired Softway Systems, the makers of Interix on Sept. 17, 1999 • Interix allows to run UNIX applications and scripts on Windows. • Microsoft Interix 2.2 was released to manufacturing on Jan. 26, 2000.

AP 9/01 What is Interix?

• A complete, high-performance environment to run UNIX applications and scripts on Window NT and Windows 2000. • The easiest way for customers to take advantage of their previous investments in UNIX-based legacy applications as they move to the Windows platform.

AP 9/01 Interix Benefits

• Easily run UNIX-based applications and scripts on Windows • A Single Enterprise Platform to run all Windows, UNIX, and Internet applications • Take advantage of existing UNIX expertise

AP 9/01 Easily Run UNIX Applications and Scripts on Windows

• A complete environment – Over 300 utilities and tools • High-performance environment • Software Development Kit – Supports over 1900 UNIX APIs

AP 9/01 Single Enterprise Platform

• Full integration with Windows – Desktop, security model, file system • Lower TCO • Enhanced application development

AP 9/01 Leverage Existing UNIX Experience

• Extensive Scripting support • Familiar administration tools • UNIX look and feel

AP 9/01 Interix Features

• A complete environment to run UNIX applications and scripts on Windows – Fully integrated with Windows • Over 300 utilities and tools • A complete software development kit – Support for more than 1900 UNIX APIs

AP 9/01 Interix 2.2 Features

• Shells: KornShell and C Shell • Scripting languages: awk, perl, sed, and Tcl/Tk • Admin tools: rsh, rlogin, telnet and xterm • Batch tools: At, cron and batch

AP 9/01 Interix 2.2 SDK

• Support for 1900+ interfaces – ANSI C, POSIX.1 and POSIX.2 interfaces • Development tools: make, RCS, lex, yacc, cc, c89, nm, ar, strip • Compilers: gcc, g++, g77 • Color curses library • BSD-style sockets library support • X11R5 libraries and header files • MS Visual C/C++ 4.0 & 5.0 support

AP 9/01 The Windows 2000 Architecture

Environment Subsystems Functional Subsystems

Microsoft Win32 INTERIX I/O Security POSIX Subsystem Subsystem Subsystem Subsystem Subsystem

Windows 2000 Kernel

Hardware Abstraction Layer

AP 9/01 Applications and Subsystems

Win32 Win32 Interix Interix Interix App App App App App

Functional Interix Win32 Subsystem Subsystems Subsystem

Windows 2000 Kernel

AP 9/01 Interix/Win32 Integration

Interix Common Win32 App Desktop App Interix Win32 App App

Pipes, sockets Interix Shared memory Win32 Subsystem Win32exec Subsystem COM

Windows 2000 Kernel Common File Systems CDFS NTFS FAT AP 9/01 Common Desktop

• Interix shell appears in a console window with standard controls • Cut-and-paste support between Interix, Windows, & X11 applications • Launch Interix applications from a desktop icon or menu • Standard Windows tools apply – InstallShield, etc.

AP 9/01 Common File System

• Interix supports NTFS, FAT, CDFS. • NTFS provides case sensitive filenames, group ownership, file modes (ACLs) and hard links • NTFS I/O operation audit features are now available to ported UNIX apps on Interix

AP 9/01 Common Execution Environment

• Interix applications can exec( ) Win32 applications • Can shell script Win32 apps – Used in the product in lp and cc • Write Win32 apps explicitly for the “UNIX” environment

AP 9/01 Interprocess Communication

• Applications can share data between subsystems via – Pipes – Sockets (Local and Remote) – Shared Memory (Win32 mapped files to SVID shared memory)

AP 9/01 INTERIX COM Example App

Existing X11 Existing UNIX Graphical Character-based New Windows Application Application Graphical Application VBTIDE.EXE xtide tide TIDEWRAP.DLL TIDE.XLS UNIX X11 C UNIX C INTERIX COM Visual Basic GUI Application Application DLL Module Or Excel Plug-in

INTERIX Subsystem Win32 Subsystem

Windows 2000 Kernel AP 9/01 Interix Futures

• The Interix subsystem to be improved • Interix and Services For Unix to merge – One comprehensive UNIX interoperability and application migration solution. • For more information – www.microsoft.com/windows/sfu

AP 9/01