Why Virtual Memory? ● Programs Needed More Memory for Data and Code
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DOS Virtualized in the Linux Kernel
DOS Virtualized in the Linux Kernel Robert T. Johnson, III Abstract Due to the heavy dominance of Microsoft Windows® in the desktop market, some members of the software industry believe that new operating systems must be able to run Windows® applications to compete in the marketplace. However, running applications not native to the operating system generally causes their performance to degrade significantly. When the application and the operating system were written to run on the same machine architecture, all of the instructions in the application can still be directly executed under the new operating system. Some will only need to be interpreted differently to provide the required functionality. This paper investigates the feasibility and potential to speed up the performance of such applications by including the support needed to run them directly in the kernel. In order to avoid the impact to the kernel when these applications are not running, the needed support was built as a loadable kernel module. 1 Introduction New operating systems face significant challenges in gaining consumer acceptance in the desktop marketplace. One of the first realizations that must be made is that the majority of this market consists of non-technical users who are unlikely to either understand or have the desire to understand various technical details about why the new operating system is “better” than a competitor’s. This means that such details are extremely unlikely to sway a large amount of users towards the operating system by themselves. The incentive for a consumer to continue using their existing operating system or only upgrade to one that is backwards compatible is also very strong due to the importance of application software. -
Guest OS Compatibility Guide
Guest OS Compatibility Guide Guest OS Compatibility Guide Last Updated: September 29, 2021 For more information go to vmware.com. Introduction VMware provides the widest virtualization support for guest operating systems in the industry to enable your environments and maximize your investments. The VMware Compatibility Guide shows the certification status of operating system releases for use as a Guest OS by the following VMware products: • VMware ESXi/ESX Server 3.0 and later • VMware Workstation 6.0 and later • VMware Fusion 2.0 and later • VMware ACE 2.0 and later • VMware Server 2.0 and later VMware Certification and Support Levels VMware product support for operating system releases can vary depending upon the specific VMware product release or update and can also be subject to: • Installation of specific patches to VMware products • Installation of specific operating system patches • Adherence to guidance and recommendations that are documented in knowledge base articles VMware attempts to provide timely support for new operating system update releases and where possible, certification of new update releases will be added to existing VMware product releases in the VMware Compatibility Guide based upon the results of compatibility testing. Tech Preview Operating system releases that are shown with the Tech Preview level of support are planned for future support by the VMware product but are not certified for use as a Guest OS for one or more of the of the following reasons: • The operating system vendor has not announced the general availability of the OS release. • Not all blocking issues have been resolved by the operating system vendor. -
Strengthening Diversification Defenses by Means of a Non-Readable Code
1 Strengthening diversification defenses by means of a non-readable code segment Sebastian Österlund Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands Supervised By: H. Bos & C. Giuffrida Abstract—In this paper we present a new defense against Just- hardware segmentation, this approach should theoretically have In-Time return-oriented-programming attacks. By making pro- no run-time performance overhead for Intel x86 architecture, gram code non-readable, the assembly of Just-In-Time gadgets by once it has been set up. Both position dependent executables scanning the memory is effectively blocked. Using segmentation and position independent executables are covered. Furthermore on Intel x86 hardware, the implementation of execute-only code an approach to implement a similar defense on x86_64 using can be achieved. We discuss two different ways of implementing the new MPX [7] instructions is presented. The defense such a defense for 32-bit Intel architecture: one for position dependent executables, and one for position independent executa- mechanism we present in this paper is of interest, mainly, bles. The first implementation works by splitting the address- for use in security of network connected applications (such space into two mirrored segments. The second implementation as servers or web-browsers), since these applications are often creates an execute-only memory-section at the top of the address- the main targets of remote code execution exploits. space, making it possible to still use the whole address-space. By relying on hardware segmentation the run-time performance II. RETURN-ORIENTED-PROGRAMMING ATTACKS overhead of these defenses is minimal. Remote code execution by means of buffer overflows has Keywords—ROP, segmentation, XnR, buffer overflow, memory been a problem for a long time. -
Chapter 3 Protected-Mode Memory Management
CHAPTER 3 PROTECTED-MODE MEMORY MANAGEMENT This chapter describes the Intel 64 and IA-32 architecture’s protected-mode memory management facilities, including the physical memory requirements, segmentation mechanism, and paging mechanism. See also: Chapter 5, “Protection” (for a description of the processor’s protection mechanism) and Chapter 20, “8086 Emulation” (for a description of memory addressing protection in real-address and virtual-8086 modes). 3.1 MEMORY MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW The memory management facilities of the IA-32 architecture are divided into two parts: segmentation and paging. Segmentation provides a mechanism of isolating individual code, data, and stack modules so that multiple programs (or tasks) can run on the same processor without interfering with one another. Paging provides a mech- anism for implementing a conventional demand-paged, virtual-memory system where sections of a program’s execution environment are mapped into physical memory as needed. Paging can also be used to provide isolation between multiple tasks. When operating in protected mode, some form of segmentation must be used. There is no mode bit to disable segmentation. The use of paging, however, is optional. These two mechanisms (segmentation and paging) can be configured to support simple single-program (or single- task) systems, multitasking systems, or multiple-processor systems that used shared memory. As shown in Figure 3-1, segmentation provides a mechanism for dividing the processor’s addressable memory space (called the linear address space) into smaller protected address spaces called segments. Segments can be used to hold the code, data, and stack for a program or to hold system data structures (such as a TSS or LDT). -
ACPI Project for Ecomstation
The ACPI Project for eComStation David Azarewicz www.88watts.net [email protected] Warpstock USA 2012 About Me • I am primarily a hardware developer. I started my career designing hardware for IBM 360 mainframe clones. • I then joined a small company building Cray compatible computers where I did a little of everything including microcode and embedded systems hardware and software. • Since then I have worked on projects from auto industry process controllers, to home automation, to radiation effects testing for satellite electronics. • I have been using OS/2 and developing software for OS/2 since the beginning. • Being an experienced hardware developer gives me an advantage in writing device drivers. Warpstock USA 2012 - The ACPI Project - David Azarewicz - Page 2 of 20 This Presentation • What is ACPI? • What is the ACPI Project? • What does the ACPI Project software do? • The Big Picture • The benefits and limitations of the ACPI Project software • How to work around problems • Using ACPI in your applications • Questions Warpstock USA 2012 - The ACPI Project - David Azarewicz - Page 3 of 20 What is ACPI? • ACPI stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface • ACPI is supplied by your computer vendor and is part of your computer’s BIOS. • ACPI provides a standard interface to your computer’s hardware through a list of objects and methods called the ACPI tables. • Software can use the ACPI tables to learn about what hardware is available • Software can use the ACPI tables to do things in the system. • ACPI is an extremely large and complex topic and is not really the subject of this presentation. -
MP Assignment V.Pages
MP Assignment V 1. A. With a neat diagram, explain the internal structure of Pentium Pro. The Pentium Pro is structured d i f f e r e n t l y t h a n e a r l i e r microprocessors. The system buses, which communicate to the memory and I/O, connect to an internal level 2 cache that is often on the main board in most other microprocessor systems. The level 2 cache in the Pentium Pro is either 256K bytes or 512K bytes. The bus interface unit (BIU) controls the access to the system buses through the level 2 cache, which is integrated in Pentium Pro. The BIU generates the memory address and control signals, and passes and fetches data or instructions to either a level 1 data cache or a level 1 instruction cache. The instruction cache is connected to the instruction fetch and decode unit (IFDU). Pentium Pro can process two integer instructions and one floating-point instruction simultaneously. The dispatch and execute unit (DEU) retrieves decoded instructions from the instruction pool when they are complete, and then executes them. Pentium Pro has a RU (Retire unit) which checks the instruction pool and removes decoded instructions that have been executed. B. List the new features added to Pentium Pro when compared with its predecessors with respect to memory system. The memory system for the Pentium Pro microprocessor is 4G bytes in size, similar to 80386DX–Pentium microprocessors, but access to an area between 4G and 64G is made possible by additional address signals A32-35. -
Evolutionary Sprint 2009/11
Evolutionary Sprint Evolutionary Sprint 2009/11 Speaker: Eugene Gorbunoff software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation 2008/11 “Build non-sinking constructions” 2007/11 “Change your mind” 2006/11 “OS/2 Village” software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation What is Evolutionary Sprint? ● Evolutionary = don't migrate to other platform ● Sprint = 2-3 years to improve situation (starting from fall 2006) software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation Contents of the presentation: (A) (B) (C) What's new? What is successful eCS? PC in 2010 Roles Make quick changes FAQ eComStation 3.0 We need new software software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation Key slide: #04-00 Sci-tech labs.. development of technologies.. software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation Keep in mind.. eComStation 2.0 was started in 2002!! software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation What's new in 2009? # 05-00 eComStation 2.0 RC7, eComStation 2.0 GA Applications: * OpenOffice.org 3.1 GA * PMView (2009/05) improved for SMP/Panorama VESA * always the latest Thunderbird, Firefox * DFSee 10.0 New technologies: * Flash-player software http://ecomstation.ru Perspectives of eComStation What's new in 2009? # 05-02 ACPI * Poor support of users during 2009 * Intel ACPI source code 2008/12 * ACPI is patching the kernel on-the-fly (suspend/resume) * support of Embedded controller is implemented Hardware support: * CUPS (USB, debugging) software http://ecomstation.ru -
Warpstock 2018 Presentations Presenter Session Title Notes
Warpstock 2018 Presentations Presenter Session Title Notes Joe Suttle Public Speaking - You CAN do it! Lewis Rosenthal ArcaOS update In this session, Lewis Rosenthal, Managing Member of Arca Noae, LLC, will provide an update on the status of the 5.0 release cycle and expectations for 5.1. Lewis Rosenthal Creating an ArcaOS How to create an ArcaOS installation stick without an Session (1/2 slot) Bootable USB Stick OS/2, eCS, or ArcaOS system already up and running. from ANY Major OS Following onto the well-received session at Warpstock (with live demo) Europe this year, this edition will feature a live demonstration so that the audience may get a feel for walking through the process and just how quick it really is from start to finish. Lewis Rosenthal Forking an Open This session will discuss the reasoning behind splitting a Source Project: Why, project and taking the code in a different direction from the When, and How main development team. Sometimes, the issues are technological in nature, at other times, philosophical or even political. In no event, however, should the decision to fork be taken lightly or without great care. Afterward, providing clarity on the differences between the fork and the original project, without promoting disharmony, presents challenges of its own. Lewis Rosenthal DOS and WinOS/2 on What works, what doesn't, what Arca Noae is trying to do modern systems with about it, and how long that might take. Issues concern a ArcaOS broad range of brief topic points including long filenames, FAT32, extended attributes, memory management, video, and audio functionality. -
Universidad Nacional De San Agustín De Arequipa Escuela De Posgrado Unidad De Posgrado De La Facultad De Ingeniería De Producc
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTÍN DE AREQUIPA ESCUELA DE POSGRADO UNIDAD DE POSGRADO DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA DE PRODUCCIÓN Y SERVICIOS VIRTUALIZACIÓN PARA LA ALTA DISPONIBILIDAD DE SERVICIOS WAN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTÍN Tesis presentada por el Bachiller: CHRISTIAN AUGUSTO ROMERO GOYZUETA Para optar el GRADO ACADEMICO DE MAESTRO EN CIENCIAS: INGENIERÍA DE SISTEMAS, CON MENCIÓN EN GERENCIA EN TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Asesor: MG. DANTE JESUS VELÁSQUEZ CONTRERAS AREQUIPA PERÚ 2018 PRESENTACIÓN Sr. Director del a Facultad de Postgrado de la Facultad de Ingeniería de Producción y Servicios Sres. Miembros del Jurado Examinador de tesis Doy a vuestra consireación el estudio de investigación titulado “VIRTUALIZACIÓN PARA LA ALTA DISPONIBILIDAD DE SERVICIOS WAN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTÍN”, el mismo que de ser aprobado me permitirá optar el título profesional de Maestro en Ingeniería de Sistemas con mención en Gerencia en Tecnologías de la Información. Arequipa, Diciembre del 2018 ____________________________________ Ing. Christian Augusto Romero Goyzueta DNI: 43244797 Dedicatoria Esta investigación está dedicada a mi esposa, hijos y toda mi familia. Agradecimientos Quiero agradecer a toda mi familia, a quienes me acompañan, colaboran y por haber permitido hacer esta investigación de la mejor forma. A las autoridades, docentes, asesores y colegas que han colaborado con la mejor disposición para apoyar esta investigación. TABLA DE CONTENIDOS LISTA DE FIGURAS .................................................................................................................. -
IA-32 Architecture
Outline IA-32 Architecture Intel Microprocessors IA-32 Registers Computer Organization Instruction Execution Cycle & IA-32 Memory Management Assembly Language Programming Dr Adnan Gutub aagutub ‘at’ uqu.edu.sa [Adapted from slides of Dr. Kip Irvine: Assembly Language for Intel-Based Computers] Most Slides contents have been arranged by Dr Muhamed Mudawar & Dr Aiman El-Maleh from Computer Engineering Dept. at KFUPM 45/٢ IA-32 Architecture Computer Organization and Assembly Language slide Intel Microprocessors Intel 80286 and 80386 Processors Intel introduced the 8086 microprocessor in 1979 80286 was introduced in 1982 8086, 8087, 8088, and 80186 processors 24-bit address bus ⇒ 224 bytes = 16 MB address space 16-bit processors with 16-bit registers Introduced protected mode 16-bit data bus and 20-bit address bus Segmentation in protected mode is different from the real mode Physical address space = 220 bytes = 1 MB 80386 was introduced in 1985 8087 Floating-Point co-processor First 32-bit processor with 32-bit general-purpose registers Uses segmentation and real-address mode to address memory First processor to define the IA-32 architecture Each segment can address 216 bytes = 64 KB 32-bit data bus and 32-bit address bus 8088 is a less expensive version of 8086 232 bytes ⇒ 4 GB address space Uses an 8-bit data bus Introduced paging , virtual memory , and the flat memory model 80186 is a faster version of 8086 Segmentation can be turned off 45/٤ 45 IA-32 Architecture Computer Organization and Assembly Language slide/٣ -
Operating Systems: from Every Palm to the Entire Cosmos in the 21St Century Lifestyle 5
55 pages including cover Knowledge Digest for IT Community Volume No. 40 | Issue No. 11 | February 2017 ` 50/- Operating ISSN 0970-647X ISSN Systems COVER STORY Computer Operating Systems: From every palm to the entire cosmos in the 21st Century Lifestyle 5 TECHNICAL TRENDS SECURITY CORNER Cyber Threat Analysis with Blockchain : A Disruptive Innovation 9 Memory Forensics 17 www.csi-india.org research FRONT ARTICLE Customized Linux Distributions for Top Ten Alternative Operating Bioinformatics Applications 14 Systems You Should Try Out 20 CSI CALENDAR 2016-17 Sanjay Mohapatra, Vice President, CSI & Chairman, Conf. Committee, Email: [email protected] Date Event Details & Contact Information MARCH INDIACOM 2017, Organized by Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management (BVICAM), New 01-03, 2017 Delhi http://bvicam.ac.in/indiacom/ Contact : Prof. M. N. Hoda, [email protected], [email protected], Tel.: 011-25275055 0 3-04, 2017 I International Conference on Smart Computing and Informatics (SCI -2017), venue : Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology & Sciences Sangivalasa, Bheemunipatnam (Mandal), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, http://anits.edu.in/ sci2017/, Contact: Prof. Suresh Chandra Satapathy. Mob.: 9000249712 04, 2017 Trends & Innovations for Next Generation ICT (TINICT) - International Summit-2017 Website digit organized by Hyderabad Chapter http://csihyderabad.org/Contact 040-24306345, 9490751639 Email id [email protected] ; [email protected] 24-25, 2017 First International Conference on “Computational Intelligence, Communications, and Business Analytics (CICBA - 2017)” at Calcutta Business School, Kolkata, India. Contact: [email protected]; (M) 94754 13463 / (O) 033 24205209 International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communications, and Business Analytics (CICBA - 2017) at Calcutta Business School, Kolkata, India. -
Base Drivers for Ecomstation Code: ALL01 Speaker: Eugene Gorbunoff
Base drivers for eComStation Presentation: Base drivers for eComStation Code: ALL01 Speaker: Eugene Gorbunoff software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation JFS.IFS Improved JFS file system driver NTFS.IFS NTFS file system driver ACPI ACPI subsystem (Power management, PnP, SMP) ? What is your demand? software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation Applications e r a Drivers w d r a JFS.IFS NTFS.IFS ACPI ... H Kernel software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation What is JFS? ● Filesystem is a named set of files and directories joined by one storage structure. ● JFS filesystem – Journaled file system. Uses database journaling techniques to record changes sequentially in a special log. ● JFS for OS/2 – the design goals were to use the proven JFS technology developed for 10+ years in AIX and expand in areas: Performance, Robustness, SMP support. ● Less problems with CHKDSK because of new UJFS.DLL. software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation Performance comparison: JFS and HPFS filesystems (sec) 71 Full system loading (PM+WPS) 110 48 System loading in command line 66 6 Mozilla loading 11 JFS 3 HPFS Mozilla loading (repeat) 6 7 OpenOffice loading 12 4 OpenOffice loading (repeat) 9 software http://ecomstation.ru Base drivers for eComStation Jrescuer/JUne ● Unerase deleted files ● Recover data from dead JFS ● Maintenance check-up (.LONGNAME EA) software http://ecomstation.ru