FINAL Programmatic Environmental Assessment Great Lakes Shoreline Stabilization Projects
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Natural Disasters in the Middle East and North Africa
Natural Disasters in Public Disclosure Authorized the Middle East and North Africa: A Regional Overview Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized January 2014 Urban, Social Development, and Disaster Risk Management Unit Sustainable Development Department Middle East and North Africa Natural Disasters in the Middle East and North Africa: A Regional Overview © 2014 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 13 12 11 10 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundar- ies, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorse- ment or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Recon- struction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. -
Exposure and Vulnerability
Determinants of Risk: 2 Exposure and Vulnerability Coordinating Lead Authors: Omar-Dario Cardona (Colombia), Maarten K. van Aalst (Netherlands) Lead Authors: Jörn Birkmann (Germany), Maureen Fordham (UK), Glenn McGregor (New Zealand), Rosa Perez (Philippines), Roger S. Pulwarty (USA), E. Lisa F. Schipper (Sweden), Bach Tan Sinh (Vietnam) Review Editors: Henri Décamps (France), Mark Keim (USA) Contributing Authors: Ian Davis (UK), Kristie L. Ebi (USA), Allan Lavell (Costa Rica), Reinhard Mechler (Germany), Virginia Murray (UK), Mark Pelling (UK), Jürgen Pohl (Germany), Anthony-Oliver Smith (USA), Frank Thomalla (Australia) This chapter should be cited as: Cardona, O.D., M.K. van Aalst, J. Birkmann, M. Fordham, G. McGregor, R. Perez, R.S. Pulwarty, E.L.F. Schipper, and B.T. Sinh, 2012: Determinants of risk: exposure and vulnerability. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation [Field, C.B., V. Barros, T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, D.J. Dokken, K.L. Ebi, M.D. Mastrandrea, K.J. Mach, G.-K. Plattner, S.K. Allen, M. Tignor, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA, pp. 65-108. 65 Determinants of Risk: Exposure and Vulnerability Chapter 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................67 2.1. Introduction and Scope..............................................................................................................69 -
Technical Deep Dive on Deep Dive Technical Summary Report Summary
TECHNICAL DEEP DIVE ON SEISMIC RISK AND RESILIENCE - SUMMARY REPORT SUMMARY - RESILIENCE AND RISK SEISMIC ON DIVE DEEP TECHNICAL TECHNICAL DEEP DIVE ON AND SUMMARY REPORT This report was prepared by World Bank staff. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions: The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to the work is given. The material in this work is subject to copyright. © 2018 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / International Development Association or The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Cover image: Varunyuuu/Shutterstock.com TECHNICAL DEEP DIVE (TDD) ON SEISMIC RISK AND RESILIENCE MARCH 12–16, 2018 This Technical Deep Dive (TDD) was jointly organized by the World Bank Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Hub, Tokyo, and the Tokyo Development Learning Center (TDLC), in partnership with the Government of Japan (the Ministry of Finance; the Cabinet Office; the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism [MLIT]; the Japan International Cooperation Agency [JICA]; the Japan Meteorological Agency [JMA]; Sendai City; and Kobe City). -
Shoreline Development 99 Chapter
The Lake Book Shoreline Development 99 Chapter Canandaigua Lake offers beautiful scenery, clear blue waters, good fishing, and is an excel- lent lake for water sports. These factors have proven to be an irresistible combination for thou- sands of homeowners and vacationers. Much of the lake front development occurred during the 1950s and 60s, a time period when there was less concern about the effects of development on the lake shore and water quality. Building along Canandaigua Lake has continued since then. Today there are around 1100 seasonal and year round residences on approximately 1400 lake shore parcels. High building densities, building on mar- ginal lands, greater numbers of septic systems, View of development along the north end of the lake. and aging pictureseptic systems of scenic risk lakeshore overwhelming develop- Canandaigua Lakes natural abilityment to effectively dilute wastes and nutrients from runoff and seep- age. In an effort to protect public health, safety, and to address potential environmental impacts that building and altering the landscape might have, most municipalities have adopted regula- tions that govern design and construction in and around the lake. Contained in the zoning ordi- Table showing the increased residential nances, these regulations pertain to type and lo- development within the watershed. cation of septic systems, home distance from shore, maximum building height, etc... Ordi- 49 Shoreline Development nances vary from town to town, so it is impor- count before any construction. tant to check with your local zoning officials as to the particulars of your area. They will also Sediment Control for Building and Property know which other agencies it will be necessary Improvements to contact before building. -
Seismic Risk Perception and Household Adjustment in Salt Lake
aphy & N r at og u e ra G l Nicoll et al., J Geogr Nat Disast 2016, 6:2 f D o i s l a Journal of a s DOI: 10.4172/2167-0587.1000168 n t r e u r s o J ISSN: 2167-0587 Geography & Natural Disasters ResearchResearch Article Article OpenOpen Access Access Assessing “Preparedness Elevated”: Seismic Risk Perception and Household Adjustment in Salt Lake City, Utah Nicoll K*, Cova TJ, Siebeneck LK and Martineau E Department of Geography, University of Utah, USA Abstract Determining household earthquake risk perceptions and adjustments is important for improving our understanding of community preparedness and establishing baselines fro improvements. Greater than 90% of the Utah population lives within 25 km of the Wasatch Fault System (WFS), and a 2012 FEMA report ranked seismic risk in Utah as the 6th highest in the U.S.A. We administered a geocoded, mail-out survey to households located in high-risk ground shaking and liquefaction hazard zones. We examined relationships between adoptions of 13 household adjustments and how respondents perceive risk and responsibility in the context of demographic characteristics, house location, and construction type (e.g. year built, unreinforced masonry (URM) or not, number of floors). Results characterize a population that perceives seismic risk as high, but varies significantly in its preparedness and sense of vulnerability. Further research is needed about how residents obtain information, given that fewer than 10% of respondents were aware of Utah's earthquake preparedness guide. Keywords: Earthquake risk; Preparedness; Geocoded survey; studies in the New Madrid Fault area in the south-central U.S.A., Unreinforced masonry; Hazard mitigation; Hazard adjustment an intra-plate zone that includes areas of Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi [3,9,10]. -
Disaster Risk Management in South Asia: a Regional Overview
DISASTER RISK & CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT DSouth CAsia Region - World Bank The World Bank Group • South Asia Region Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change Unit • Sustainable Development Network December 2012 DISASTER RISK & CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT DSouth CAsia Region - World Bank Disaster Risk Management in South Asia: A Regional Overview The World Bank, 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org All Rights Reserved Printed in Washington, DC First Printing: December, 2012 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this book are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The boundaries, colors, denomina- tions, and other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply on the part of The World Bank Group any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will promptly grant permission to reproduce portions of the work under normal circumstances. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, as well as all other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, please send a request with complete details to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: [email protected]. -
Integrated Feasibility Study & Draft Environmental Assessment
Integrated Feasibility Study & Draft Environmental Assessment Section 204 Studies: Beneficial Use of Dredged Material for Ecosystem Restoration Woodland Islands, Lower Columbia River Estuary February 2018 DRAFT 1 This page is intentionally blank 2 Woodland Islands, Lower Columbia River Estuary Section 204 Studies: Beneficial Use of Dredged Material for Ecosystem Restoration Feasibility Study and Draft Environmental Assessment Prepared by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Portland District Lower Columbia River Beneficial Use of Dredged Material for Ecosystem Restoration Project Delivery Team 3 This page is intentionally blank 4 Executive Summary This integrated Feasibility Study and draft Environmental Assessment (FS/EA) has been prepared by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District (Corps) to develop and evaluate the feasibility of alternatives for the strategic placement of dredged material to restore and expand shallow water and scrub-shrub wetland habitat for fish and wildlife species in the Lower Columbia River estuary. This evaluation resulted in the recommendation of a Tentatively Selected Plan (TSP), also referred to as the “Proposed Action” for purposes of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). In accordance with regulations implementing NEPA, this FS/EA compares the environmental consequences of the alternatives, including the Proposed Action, and identifies a preferred alternative (the TSP/Proposed Action). This project is authorized under the Continuing Authorities Program (CAP) pursuant to Section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 1992, as amended by Section 2037 of WRDA 2007, which provides the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers with the authority to restore, protect, and create aquatic and wetland habitats in connection with construction, operation, or maintenance dredging of an authorized navigation project. -
Multidisciplinary Integrated Tools in Seismic Risk Management
Multidisciplinary Integrated Tools in Seismic Risk Management Vahdat, K. School of civil Eng.,University of Leeds (email: [email protected]) Smith, N.J. School of civil Eng.,University of Leeds (email: [email protected]) Abstract Earthquake disaster is inevitable but it is possible to manage the potential risk by assessing contributory factors in a hierarchical manner. In this paper the risk assessment techniques are classified into two major groups: Conventional Methods, based on the classical perspective of reducing consequences or impacts of earthquake damages; Holistic Models, based on modelling characterisation of the risk sources through a multidisciplinary approach. Since the conventional methods target a limited audience, holistic models are suggested to cover a new range of applications. A decision support tool is proposed which includes a matrix presents a multi attribute technique to demonstrate the ability and scope of analysis appropriately. General framework of the indicator system as core concept in holistic models is also discussed. This tool would help decision makers to incorporate the knowledge of seismic risk to build an appropriate strategy at national, regional or local level. Keywords: seismic risk management, holistic models, indicator system 447 1. Introduction Making decisions in high-seismic regions usually involves different considerations than in areas without any earthquake threat. Mitigation projects without effective risk assessment may fail to reduce the seismic risk and its consequences. Mora et al (2006) pointed out many reasons for lack of proactive risk management and stressed on incorporating multi attribute factors of mitigation, such as financial and social protection to control the cause and consequence of seismic risk in early stage of projects. -
Seismic Risk Perception of People for Safer Housing
th The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China SEISMIC RISK PERCEPTION OF PEOPLE FOR SAFER HOUSING 1 2 3 4 5 K. Okazaki , A. Ilki , N. Ahmad , R. C. Kandel , and H. Rahayu 1 Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan 2 Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 3 Program Manager, Disaster Research Institute, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan 4 National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal (NSET), Kathmandu, Nepal 5 Center for Disaster Mitigation, Institute of Technology Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT : The majority of earthquake-caused deaths are instances of people being killed by their own houses. It is thus crucial to convince people that the investment in safer housing will eventually prove to be worthwhile. Because people base their choices regarding housing safety on their own perception of seismic risk, we conducted a field survey in 2007 in Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, and Turkey to better understand the seismic risk perception of residents. The survey targeted approximately 800 households in each country. Trained surveyors visited the selected houses to conduct interviews and fill in questionnaires. The questionnaire includes questions asking whether the residents think their house is safe against earthquakes, how they want to avoid the risks of damage to their house and harm to their family, and what they know about seismic retrofitting, in addition to questions about their sex, age, household income, occupation, and house-related information such as floor area, structural type, cost, and ownership. This study analyses how people perceive seismic risk, how such perception is associated with demographic variables and housing conditions, and how their risk perception affects their behaviour towards earthquake-safe housing measures. -
The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia
Republic of Armenia Rescue Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations (RS) The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia Final Report Vol. II Main Report 1 Risk Assessment of Yerevan City December 2012 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) OYO International Corp. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. GE JR Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd. 12-181 Republic of Armenia Rescue Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations (RS) The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia Final Report Vol. II Main Report 1 Risk Assessment of Yerevan City December 2012 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) OYO International Corp. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd. The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia Structure of Volume of Final Report Vol. Title Language Armenian I Summary English Japanese Armenian Main Report 1 II English Risk Assessment of Yerevan City Japanese Armenian Main Report 2 III English Yerevan Earthquake Disaster Management Plan Japanese Armenian IV Data Book English Exchange rate used in this report 1.00 US Dollar (US$) = 407.43 Armenia Drams (AMD) 1.00 Japanese Yen (JPY) = 5.19 Armenia Drams (AMD) (as of October 8, 2012) Outline of the Project Outline of the Project 1. Background Title: The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia Counterpart Agency: Rescue Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations (RS) Project Period: August 2010 - December 2012 The goal of this project is “Reduction of Disasters due to a large scale earthquake which has a possibility of occurrence in Yerevan City”. -
Bell Umd 0117N 21178.Pdf (8.024Mb)
ABSTRACT Title of thesis: DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM BEACH PROFILES: FORCES OF OFFSHORE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN MARYLAND’S CHESAPEAKE BAY Degree candidate: Lynda Bell Degree and year: Master of Science, 2020 Thesis directed by: Dr. Lawrence Sanford, Professor University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science To examine the impact of shoreline erosion on the near shore environment, it is necessary to estimate the quantity and quality of yearly sediment mass that is likely to be added by erosion. Data were collected in 2008 at ten sites along the Maryland shoreline of the Chesapeake Bay and compared to both empirical and theoretical models of offshore profiles. The data collected at each site included a series of three-dimensional bathymetric profiles from offshore transects run at each site, as well as a series of sediment core data that were acquired along each transect. Relationships between grain size, beach type, sediment composition, and strength of eroding sediments were also explored. The results showed that sands dominated offshore surficial sediments at most locations, even though the source sediments were mixtures of sands and muds. The observed offshore profiles were consistent with expectation from ocean beach profile paradigms, with the exception that the steepness proportionality factor was not related to sediment grain size. An adjusted form of the classic Bruun relationship for predicting shoreline retreat was in approximate agreement with long-term observations. DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM BEACH PROFILES: FORCES OF OFFSHORE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN MARYLAND’S CHESAPEAKE BAY by Lynda Bell Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland at College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 2020 Advisory Committee: Dr. -
Calarp Program Implementation Guidance, 1999
IMPLEMENTATION GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Approved by Region 1 LEPC - 1/12/99 Region 1 LEPC AA Sub-Committee California Accidental Release Program Guidance Task Group Co-Chairs: Anna Olekszyk (City of Los Angeles Fire Department) Barbara Yu (Los Angeles County Fire Department) Task Group Participants: Paul Beswick (Metropolitan Water District) Larry Bishop (Santa Barbara County Fire Dept.) Jennifer Bower (Orange County Fire Authority) Christine Boyd (Orange County Fire Authority) Nancy Brodbeck (Tosco Refining Co.) Jon Chrostowski (ACTA, Inc.) Joyce Clark (Metropolitan Water District) Ken Hall (Torrance Fire Dept.) Ron Hargreaves (LA County Sanitation Dist.) Ryan Hill (Santa Barbara County Fire Dept.) Jim Hudson (ACTA, Inc.) Richard Kallman (Santa Fe Springs Fire Dept.) Mardy Kazarians (Kazarians & Assoc.) Steve Kephart (Ventura Co. EHD) Jerry Kopecek (Tosco Refining Co.) John Kulluk (Torrance Fire Dept.) Paul Lisak (LA County Fire Dept.) Bruno Loran (Boeing/Rocketdyne) Steve Maher (Risk Management Professionals) Roger Mallett (Total Prevention Systems) Aaron Nagayama (ARCO) Krishna Nand (Parsons Engineering Science) Jim Wilcox (City of Vernon E.H.) i TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page INTRODUCTION 1 Industry-Specific Risk Management Guidance 2 Coordination 2 Trade Secrets 2 Classified Information 3 Sources of Additional CalARP Information 3 1 GENERAL APPLICABILITY 4 1.3 Regulated Substances and Thresholds 4 1.7 When You Must Comply 4 2 APPLICABILITY OF PROGRAM LEVELS 5 2.6 Dealing with Program Levels 5 3 FIVE-YEAR ACCIDENT HISTORY 6 4 OFFSITE CONSEQUENSE