Christopher A. Cojeen Archaeology Principal Investigator Research Cojeen Archaeological Services, LLC History

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory Report of the City of Guthrie Proposed Construction of Wastewater Treatment Plant, Lift Station and Sewer Line (13.4 Acres Surveyed), Located in Portions of Sections 5 and 6 T16N R2W, Logan County,

Surface Ownership: Privately Held Lands

Prepared for: Myers Engineering (for the City of Guthrie) Representative: Jack Heiser Project Location: Portions of the N/2 NW/4 Section 5 and N/2 N/2 of Section 6 T16N R2W USGS Guthrie North, OKLA quadrangle, 7.5-minute series 1983

Records Search: 8/20/2020 Survey: Amy Cojeen, James Briscoe and Hunter Riddle, 9/7-8/2020 Report: Christopher Cojeen and Amy Cojeen, 9/24/2020

P.O. Box 1186 | Norman, Oklahoma 73070 | (405) 360-9996 FAX: (405) 366-7020

Table of Contents

ABSTRACT ...... 1

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ...... 5

LOCATION AND SETTING ...... 5

PRE-FIELD RECORDS CHECK/ REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESEARCH ...... 12

SURVEY METHODS ...... 13

PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES ...... 13

CULTURAL RESOURCE FINDINGS...... 13

RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 15

REFERENCES ...... 16

APPENDIX A SHOVEL TEST LOG

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Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 1

ABSTRACT

On 9/7-8/2020, Cojeen Archaeological Services, LLC (CAS) personnel performed an archeological survey of the City of Guthrie proposed new construction of a wastewater treatment plant, lift station and sewer line (study area). The proposed construction is located on private lands in portions of Sections 5 and 6 T16N R2W, Logan County, Oklahoma. This study was performed at the request of Myers Engineering Corporation. Approximately 13.4 acres of land area was studied for this report.

The archeological survey included a background file search and pedestrian field survey augmented by shovel testing in an attempt to locate cultural resources in the project area. Files at the Oklahoma Archeological Survey (OAS) in Norman indicate no previously recorded archeological sites are located in the specific project area.

The project is located approximately 0.5 miles west of State Highway 77 and 0.7 miles north of the City of Guthrie. Plans include the construction of sewer lines from North 7th Street trending west, connecting to a lift station at Bryant Road to terminate at the new wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The proposed 1.2 miles of sewer line was surveyed utilizing a 30 ft. wide study corridor. A 100x100 ft. area was surveyed surrounding the proposed lift station. An approximate 12-acre area was surveyed for the proposed WWTP. The study area has been impacted by land management activities including plowing and contour terracing. Surface visibility was moderate (50% overall) due to recent plowing with short to medium height grasses covering the surface.

No cultural resources were noted during the course of this study. Completion of the project will have no effect on cultural resources.

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 2

Figure 1. Project vicinity.

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 3

Figure 2. Study area (USGS Guthrie North, OKLA quadrangle, 7.5-minute series 1983).

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 4

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 5

LOCATION AND SETTING

The City of Guthrie proposed new construction WWTP, lift station and sewer line is located in portions of Sections 5 and 6 T16N R2W, Logan County, Oklahoma (Figures 1 and 2). The project is located in the floodplain of Cottonwood Creek and an upland environment overlooking the Cimarron River. At the time of survey, the study area fell within open pasture and contour terraced field setting with riparian forests lining river (Figure 3). Surface visibility was moderate at the time of survey, averaging 50% overall.

Soils in the project area are derived mostly from Quaternary and Recent fluvial deposits deposited along terraces of the Cimarron River and its tributaries, and local Permian bedrock material. Soils along the eastern portion of the sewer line study area consist of Ashport silt loam, 0 to 1 percent slopes, occasionally flooded. These linear, well drained soils consist of silt loam over silty clay loam occur on floodplains and are parented from loamy alluvium derived from sedimentary rock. The predominant soil in the lift station, western portion of the sewer line and the WWTP study area include Teller loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. Teller loam is linear, well drained soil consisting of loam, fine sandy loam over sandy clay loam, occurring on paleoterraces parented from loamy alluvium derived from sedimentary rock (Natural Resources Conservation Service 2020).

The project lies within the Central Red-Bed Plains Geomorphic Province (Curtis, Jr., Ham and Johnson 2008) of the Red Bed Plains Physiographic Region (Bruner 1976). Vegetation in the study area is associated with the Post Oak-Blackjack Forest, which “locally known as the and presents a mosaic of forest, woodland, and grassland vegetation” (Hoagland 2008). Elevation in the study area ranges from 925-980 ft. AMSL.

Habitat types in the region include prairie habitat, edge-habitat associated with agricultural production and riparian bottomlands. Historically, the major grazing animals in the area were bison and pronghorn. Major predators were the wolf, coyote, bobcat and kit fox. Woodlands along streams supported wapiti, deer, and cottontail. Additionally, there were many burrowing animals (prairie dogs, pocket mice, kangaroo rats, etc.) and their predators (badger, black-footed ferret, etc.). The active hydrology and typography of the region support a wide variety of faunal resources. A more complete list is provided by Albert and Wyckoff (1984).

PRE-FIELD RECORDS CHECK/REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESEARCH

CAS personnel contacted the offices of the OAS to review information on previously recorded cultural resources in the project vicinity. OAS files indicate no cultural resources are recorded within the specific study area or within a 0.5 miles radius of this project.

According to the most recent listings, no National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) listed properties are located in the specific project area. Additionally, no properties determined eligible by the Oklahoma State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) but not listed on the NRHP (Determinations of Eligibility list) are indicated within the study areas (Oklahoma SHPO, 2020a, 2020b).

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Late 19th century General Land Office (GLO) maps were examined for structures, trails and roads in the study area (Bureau of Land Management 2020). The 1873 Government Land Office map for Township 16 North, Range 2 West shows an unnamed trail trending northwest/ southeast through the sewer line study area (Figure 4). No indication of a trail was observed in the study area. The Oklahoma Highway Department 1940 General Highway and Transportation map of Logan County was also examined; this map shows structures adjacent to but outside of study area (Figure 5).

Mid to late 20th century aerial images were accessed via the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EarthExplorer application (USGS 2020). Images taken in 1955 and 1968 show the project area as open contour terraced pasture, with no indications of structures or structural remains in the study area (Figures 6-7). A 2018 Google Earth satellite image shows the project area as it exists today in open field and contour terraced pasture (Figure 8).

Figure 4. 1873 GLO plat map of the study area (outlined in pink).

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 7

Figure 5. 1940 Logan County highway map of study area (outlined in pink).

Figure 7. 1955 aerial photograph of the study area (outlined in pink).

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Figure 8. 1968 aerial image of the NE/4 of study area (outlined in pink).

Figure 9. 2018 satellite image of study area (outlined in pink).

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Cultural History

Previous archeological research in the project area primarily consists of cultural resource management studies related to federally funded infrastructure construction or improvements, and energy development activities involving State or federally administered lands. Archeological sites were recorded over an extended time span, and the quality of information recorded varies widely. Recorders vary from professional archeologists to avocational enthusiasts and collectors.

An assessment of significance of the State’s cultural resources is provided in Wyckoff and Brooks (1983). Thematic surveys of watersheds in the region provide insight as to prehistoric site density and type, as well as historic occupation of these areas. These studies include the Little River drainage basin (Moore 1988), the Valley (Brooks and McKay 2002), McGee Creek (Ferring 1994; McGuff 1983; McGuff et. al 1983; Pertulla et. al 1993) and Upper Muddy Boggy Creek (Rohrbaugh 1979). From the late 1990’s to the present, increased oil and gas development on tribal lands under Section 106 review have greatly increased studies beyond lowland and fluvial environments.

Paleoindian Period (8,000-12,000 before present [B.P.]) The initial colonization of North and South America has been categorized as Paleoindian. In the Southern Plains this period is classically characterized by nomadic bands of hunters using lanceolate points to hunt various species of megafauna and other smaller game. The earliest generally accepted culture is the Clovis or Llano complex. Dating between 12,000-11,000 B.P., this complex is usually associated with the kill sites of mammoth or other now extinct mammals. The Clovis point has been found in association with extinct fauna at sites such as Miami (Sellards 1938) and Lubbock Lake (Sellards 1952; Johnson 1986) in the Texas Panhandle, Domebo in Caddo County, Oklahoma (Leonhardy 1961), and Jake Bluff in Harper County, Oklahoma (Bement and Carter 2005).

The Clovis complex is followed by the Folsom complex which differs from the earlier complex in a number of ways. Sites from this period include bison kills, processing stations, and camps. Tools include bifacial knives, spurred endscrapers, flake gouges, and a variety of compound flake tools in addition to various bone tools and possible points (Bement 1999; Holliday 1997; Hofman 1989). Predominant Folsom-aged sites include the Folsom site, New Mexico (Figgins 1927), Blackwater Draw, New Mexico (Boldurian 1991); Bonfire Shelter, Texas (Dibble and Lorrain 1968); Lipscomb, Texas (Todd et al. 1990); Lindenmeier, Colorado (Wilmsen and Roberts 1978); Waugh, Oklahoma (Hill and Hofman 1997); and Cooper, Harper County, Oklahoma (Bement 1999). Many Folsom points have been reported from Custer, Blaine, and Caddo counties (Hofman 1993).

The Folsom complex is succeeded around 10,000 B.P. by what many researchers refer to as Late Paleoindian complexes (Hofman 1989; Thurmond 1990). Sites from this period include bison kills and camps. The subsistence resources of Late Paleoindian peoples include now extinct forms of bison, however plant and smaller animal resources increased in importance in their economies. The Late Paleoindian components are typified by a variety of unfluted point styles which exhibit parallel flaking patterns such as Plainview, Scottsbluff and Milnesand which Drass

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and Turner attribute to the Plano complex (1989). Thurmond adds Agate Basin, Angostura, Dalton, Eden, Golondrina, Hell Gap, Meserve and San Patrice point styles to the list of Late Paleoindian points which have been observed in association with Plainview points at various sites on the Southern Plains (1990).

Archaic Period (2,000-8,000 B.P.) Archaic Period groups on the Southern Plains are characterized by diffuse foraging economies. Grinding equipment for the processing of vegetal foods, rock-lined hearths and ovens, restricted and scheduled movement patterns, and a variety of notched and stemmed projectile points and knives serve to differentiate the Archaic from the Paleoindian traditions (Hofman 1989). The Archaic period is subdivided into Early Archaic (8000-5000 B.P.), Middle Archaic (5000-3000 B.P.), and Late Archaic (3000-2000 B.P.). Although the Archaic Period spans some 6,000 years, very little is known about Early and Middle Archaic inhabitants on the Southern Plains (Bement and Buehler 2000; Hofman 1989). The Gore Pit site near Lawton is the best documented Early Archaic site near the study area. This site is an open camp with burned rock, shell middens, hearths, and burials with side and corner-notched dart points, grinding basins, gouges, and knives dated to about 4,050 B.C. (Hammatt 1976).

The Middle Archaic is represented by the Calf Creek horizon (Wyckoff, Neal and Duncan 1994; Bartlett 1999). Powell (1995) described a large Calf Creek point collection from Caddo County and a Calf Creek camp has been recorded on a high upland setting also in Caddo County (Duncan 1995).

Late Archaic sites are well known from western and eastern Oklahoma but are not as well- known from the central parts of the state. Numerous camps, shelters, bison kill sites, and lithic quarries or workshops are located in western Oklahoma. Bison appear to be more abundant as a result of improved short grass range conditions brought on by wetter conditions and thus are a more predictable resource during this period. In eastern Oklahoma, Wister phase occupations may have heavy accumulations of cultural material in thick, black middens indicating protracted periods of occupation. Sites attributed to the Late Archaic in central Oklahoma tend to be located on sandy ridges overlooking streams (Moore 1988, Steinacher 1986, Drass and Powell 1997) and few of these sites have been tested or radiocarbon dated. The Bethel site and Rose Creek site revealed deeply buried Late Archaic camps in stream valley settings. Excavations at the Converse site showed repeated occupations over a prolonged period (Hughes 1979).

Plains Woodland (900-2,000 B.P.) Vehik (1984) notes the transition from Late Archaic to Plains Woodland is based on a change in food storage technology (pottery) and weaponry (bow and arrow). Settlement and subsistence patterns do not seem to have been drastically altered and technology advances are seen as an addition to the typical Late Archaic toolkit rather than a replacement.

The Plains Woodland sites in central Oklahoma are not common. Sites have been recorded from this period by Drass (1979), Moore (1988) and Neel (1984). The Ayres site in Marshall County, south of the project area, produced arrow points such as Scallorn and Reed types, and larger dart

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 11 points, such as Williams, Ellis, Marcos, Palmillas, and Gary types (Neel 1984). These sites also produce rough, grit-tempered, cord-marked ceramics.

Plains Village Tradition (500-900 B.P.) An expanding population, increasing numbers of permanent or repeatedly occupied settlements, and the expansion of farming are iconic of the transition from the Plains Woodland Period into the Plains Village Period. Small villages previously established on floodplains of major watercourses become more intensively and more permanently occupied (Wyckoff and Brooks. 1983; Drass and Turner 1989). Though subsidized by gathering wild plants and hunting medium- sized and large game such as deer and bison, horticultural practices became more diverse and associated implements abound in archeological inventories. Cultigens such as corn, beans, and squash were processed and stored in ceramic containers or mass-stored along with hunting and cultivation equipment and other household item, in ubiquitous, large, subterranean storage pits.

Artifacts generated by Plains Villagers include plain and cord-marked globular pots, chipped and ground stone tools, un-notched and side-notched arrow points, and bone or stone horticultural implements (Brooks 1987; Drass and Moore 1987; Drass et al. 1987; Drass 1988). Interregional exchange continues to expand during the Plains Village Period. A wide range of pottery designs and manufacturing techniques, an increased variation in the chipped stone resources used, as well as the importation of pipestone and turquoise, indicates that Oklahoma Plains Villagers were interacting intensely with groups from the southwest, southeast, and north-central portions of the United States (McKay and Bement 2005).

Two archeological complexes are currently recognized in central Oklahoma: the Paoli phase and the Washita River phase of the Redbed Plains variant (Drass 1999). Paoli phase sites are the older of the two with dates that range from A.D. 800 to 1250. Washita River phase dates to A.D. 1250 to 1450. These phases have similar artifact assemblages with the later Washita River phase sites showing a higher percentage of smoothed ceramics with a larger variety of temper and larger site areas. Projectile point style also varies showing increasing percentages of unnotched arrow points and fewer corner-notched arrow points in the younger sites (Drass 1999).

Protohistoric Period (200-500 B.P.) Until European trade avenues were fully opened, little was documented concerning the indigenous peoples of the Southern Plains. Poorly detailed journals of the Spanish Conquistadors indicate that only three incursions were made into the region prior to 500 B.P. Because of contact with Europeans and the pressures associated with colonial expansion, tremendous alterations in native lifestyles occurred. During the Protohistoric Period in Oklahoma, two indigenous cultural manifestations, coined the Edwards complex and the Wheeler complex, develop along the Washita and Canadian rivers. Artifacts associated with the Edwards complex include plain- surface, sand tempered pottery along with imported wares from the southwestern and southeastern United States. Also, small, triangular, side- and basally notched and un-notched points, and a predominance of bison bones with a few bison bone tools are evident in archeological assemblages (Hofman 1984; Hofman et al. 1989).

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The Wheeler Complex exhibits greater numbers of interregional and European trade goods within artifact inventories than the Edwards complex. Villages are quite large and possess what have been interpreted as defensive earthworks (Drass and Turner 1989). Heavy dependence upon bison hunting is evident in the artifact assemblages, though the significant presence of scapula hoes indicates that horticulture was still an extremely important subsistence strategy (Hofman 1984).

Historic Period (0-200 B.P.) The historic period in Oklahoma begins when the region was integrated into the United States after the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. By 200 B.P., the Kiowa, Kiowa-Apache, and Cheyenne are documented moving into the southern Great Plains and slowly integrating with Comanche groups. Along with the Wichita, these groups dominated the Texas panhandle region and western Oklahoma until the arrival of white buffalo hunters and settlers in the early to mid-1800’s (Drass and Turner 1989).

Immediately after the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 established the boundary between New Spain and the United States, the area to become was set up. In 1818 the Quapaw ceded the area south of the Arkansas and Canadian rivers in present day Oklahoma. During the late 1820s and the 1830s the Creek and Seminole were removed from the southeastern part of the United States to the ceded area. In 1835 near present Lexington (in what is now southern Cleveland County) Maj. Richard Mason negotiated peace between the Plains tribes, the Osage, and the Five Tribes at Camp Mason or New Camp Holmes. The site was abandoned in August 1835. However, Auguste P. Chouteau, who had served as an interpreter, established a trading post nearby. In 1856 an agreement between the two tribes created a Seminole Nation with separate land for them west of the Creek Nation. During the Civil War the Seminole and Creek supported the Confederacy and as a result lost land in the Reconstruction Treaty of 1866. This left an area that became known as the Unassigned Lands, which would be opened to non-Indian settlers on April 22, 1889.

Logan County was created at Statehood, named for Senator John A. Logan of Illinois. A post office was established in Guthrie, Oklahoma on April 4, 1889. Guthrie was the capital of Oklahoma Territory and capital of the state of Oklahoma until June 11, 1910. The city was named for John Guthrie who was a jurist of Topeka, Kansas (Shirk 1974). According to the Bureau of Land Management, Native American Tribes/Groups primarily associated with Logan County include the Kickapoo, Shawnee, Iowa, Wichita & Affiliated, and Citizen Band Potawatomie (Bureau of Land Management 2012).

SURVEY METHODS

The purpose of this investigation was to locate any cultural resources along the defined impact area of the project, and to provide sufficient detail for the protection and management of such resources. By strict definition, cultural resources are any evidence of human use or occupation without any age limitations, but for this project, the term was restricted to cultural remains that were at least 45 years in age.

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 13

The pedestrian survey was conducted to document the surface expression of any cultural resources located in the proposed well area. Pedestrian transects augmented by shovel tests were utilized as survey methodology in the study area. The proposed 1.2 miles of sewer line was surveyed utilizing a 30 ft. wide study corridor. A 100x100 ft. area was surveyed surrounding the proposed lift station. An approximate 12-acre area was surveyed for the proposed WWTP. Shovel tests were dug to a depth of 25-50cmbs, screened through 1/4-inch hardware cloth, and backfilled. Shovel test size was typically 25-30cm in diameter. Soils in shovel tests varied from red brown silty loam over silty clay to shallow red brown silty clay over bedrock (Appendix A). A total of approximately 13.4 acres were surveyed by pedestrian means.

At the time of survey, the WWTP study area fell in contour terraced fallow field with tall grasses showing 30% overall surface visibility. The western portion of the sewer line and lift station fell in a recently cut hay field with short grasses showing 10% overall surface visibility. The eastern portion of the sewer line corridor was in a recently plowed pasture showing 70% visibility overall. There were no impediments to survey due to weather conditions.

RESEARCH BIASES

The purpose of this investigation was to locate any cultural resources within the defined impact area of the project, and to provide sufficient detail for the protection and management of such resources. Interpretation of any cultural resources found followed standard methodology practices. By strict definition, cultural resources are any evidence of human use or occupation without any age limitations, but for this project, the term was restricted to cultural remains that were at least 45 years in age.

The study areas exhibited disturbances by plowing and contour terracing. These modifications were discounted as cultural resources for the purposes of this report.

PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES

No vertebrate paleontological resources or significant invertebrate resources were noted during the course of this archeological investigation.

CULTURAL RESOURCE FINDINGS

No cultural resources were identified on the surface or in 68 shovel tests placed within the project boundaries.

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 14

Photo 1. View to the northwest from ridge top in WWTP study area.

Photo 2. View to the west of hay field in western portion of sewer line and lift station study area.

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Photo 3. View to the west from east end of sewer line study area.

RECOMMENDATIONS

No cultural resources were noted during the course of this study. Completion of the City of Guthrie proposed WWTP, lift station and sewer line project will have no effect on cultural resources.

Christopher Cojeen Principal Investigator

copies:

Myers Engineering 13911 Quail Pointe Drive Oklahoma City, OK 73134 Attention: Jack Heiser

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Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 24

APPENDIX A SHOVEL TEST LOG

Shovel UTM NAD83 CONUS Setting/Visibility Soils Cultural Test ZONE 14S Materials Easting Northing J1 0641254 3973574 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J2 0641223 3973573 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J3 0641146 3973573 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J4 0641069 3973572 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J5 0640993 3973571 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J6 0640917 3973573 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J7 0640840 3973560 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J8 0640758 3973581 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J9 0640676 3973586 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J10 0640597 3973583 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J11 0640559 3973573 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J12 0640542 3973548 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam J13 0640509 3973505 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J14 0640464 3973481 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J15 0640389 3973479 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J16 0640298 3973475 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J17 0640225 3973473 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J18 0640136 3973471 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 25

J19 0640059 3973470 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J20 0639995 3973467 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J21 0639911 3973466 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J22 0639835 3973462 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam J23 0639673 3973467 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J24 0639587 3973500 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J25 0639551 3973525 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J26 0639511 3973539 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J27 0639440 3973554 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J28 0639394 3973570 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J29 0639338 3973566 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J30 0639335 3973605 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J31 0639265 3973615 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J32 0639300 3973645 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J33 0639341 3973642 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% J34 0639396 3973615 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 26

fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% D1 0640253 3973460 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D2 0640328 3973465 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D3 0640431 3973471 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D4 0640490 3973480 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D5 0640533 3973515 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D6 0640567 3973543 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D7 0640635 3973569 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D8 0640717 3973567 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D9 0640796 3973559 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D10 0640891 3973554 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D11 0640957 3973556 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D12 0641037 3973559 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D13 0641105 3973561 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D14 0641183 3973559 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D15 0641250 3973561 Level, open pasture/ 0-35cm red brown silty loam, Negative recently plowed, 70% 35-50cm red brown silty clay loam D16 0639621 3973480 Open pasture/ short 0-20cm red brown sandy loam, Negative grasses, 30% 20-50cm red brown sandy clay D17 0639793 3973452 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D18 0639872 3973451 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D19 0639946 3973451 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D20 0640022 3973455 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 27

short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D21 0640099 3973456 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D22 0640175 3973463 Level, Open hay field/ 0-50cm compact red brown Negative short grasses, 10% silty clay loam D23 0633634 3944801 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% D24 0633646 3944759 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H1 0639547 3973564 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H2 0639492 3973583 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H3 0639435 3973609 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H4 0639440 3973656 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H5 0639395 3973667 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H6 0639348 3973686 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H7 0639309 3973708 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H8 0639484 3973665 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H9 0639539 3973662 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30% H10 0639541 3973623 Gently sloping, open 0-20cm red brown silty clay, Negative fallow pasture, 20-25cm red clay and degraded contour terraced/ tall red sandstone. Bedrock at 25cm grasses, 30%

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 28

Shovel test map of WWTP.

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 29

Small-Scale Cultural Resources Inventory, City of Guthrie WWTP, Lift Station and Sewer Line, page 30