DOCSLIB.ORG

Football Sponsorship & Commerce

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE An Analysis of Sponsorship and Commercial Opportunities in Football Louella Miles Simon Rines A management report published and distributed by IMR Suite 7, 33 Chapel Street, Buckfastleigh TQ11 0AB Tel: +44 (0) 1364 642 224 www.imrsponsorship.com email: [email protected] Copyright © 2004 International Marketing Reports Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher and copyright owner. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information, advice and comment in this publication, the publisher cannot accept responsibility for any errors. The views expressed in this report are not necessarily those of the publisher. i Authors Louella Miles is a business journalist who has specialised in sponsorship for the past 20 years. Former managing editor of Marketing magazine, she is author of Perfect Marketing (Random House), Successful Sport Sponsorship: Lessons from Football (International Forum of Sponsorship) and What Price Corporate Reputation? (Management Today). Simon Rines is author of the best-selling European sponsorship report Driving Business Through Sport. Following a career in the marketing communications industry and ten years as a marketing journalist, he is now publisher of International Marketing Reports. Contributing author: Dan Micciche MBA (Football Industries) The authors would like to thank the following for their help in the compilation of this report: Adrian Hitchen, SponsorMetrix Alex Tielbeke Andrew Cullen, Norwich City Football Club BMRB Carlotta Calleri Zavanelli, 02 Chris Bates, TRBI Dan Jones, Deloitte & Touche David Berger, Yahoo! Dr Bill Gerrard, Leeds University Business School Ed Coan, Watford Football Club Gareth Roberts, Carlsberg Greville Waterman, The Sponsorship Consultancy Ian Riddoch, Aberdeen Football Club Michael Jackson Michael Saxton, Grappa PR Mike Lafkin, Sportcal Miriam Müller, St Pauli Football Club Nigel Empson, FMM International Peter Draper, Manchester United FC Peter Gandolfi, Nationwide Building Society Peter Jones, Plymouth Argyle FC Peter Miller, International Marketing Rights Phil Carling, Octagon Csi Rachael Church, Ark Sports Richard Arnold, Drivers Jonas Sport+Markt SportFive Starcom MediaVest Group Steve Sutherland, Charlton Athletic Football Club Steve Waggott, Charlton Athletic Football Club Tim Brill, Avaya IFM International Cover image courtesy Action Images (www.actionimages.com) ii FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE Table of contents Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 SECTION I: MARKET ANALYSIS 5 CHAPTER 1: WHY DO SPONSORS GET INVOLVED? 5 Universal objectives 6 Commercial history 6 Think global, play local 7 Longevity 8 Star qualities 8 CHAPTER 2: WHAT’S HAPPENING IN EUROPE 9 Introduction 9 Italy 9 Spain 10 England 12 Germany 13 France 14 CHAPTER 3: SHIRT AND KIT SPONSORS, PROFITABILITY AND TV INCOME 17 Television and turnover 22 Which is the world’s richest club? 23 CHAPTER 4: INTERNATIONAL RIGHTS AND TOURNAMENTS 26 Introduction 26 FIFA World Cup 26 Coverage 26 Sponsorship 26 European Championships 28 Coverage 28 Sponsorship 28 UEFA Champions League 30 Coverage 30 Sponsorship 31 CHAPTER 5: THE VALUE OF TOURNAMENTS TO SPONSORS 33 Broadcasting 33 Sponsorship 33 Endorsements 34 Ambush marketing 34 Conclusion 34 iv FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE Table of contents Case study: Hyundai 35 Objectives 35 World Cup 2002 35 Euro 2004 and World Cup 2006 35 Results 36 Case study: Yahoo! 36 Objectives 36 Implementation 36 Conclusion 37 CHAPTER 6: THE COST OF COMPETING IN EUROPE 38 Background 38 Financial investment 38 What does it take? 40 CHAPTER 7: CHAMPIONS LEAGUE REVENUE GROWTH 43 Payment splits 43 Impact on TV rights fees 43 Television coverage 44 Attendances 44 Conclusion 44 Federation sponsors 48 CHAPTER 8: THE MEDIA SCENE 49 Italy 50 France 50 England 50 Germany 50 Spain 50 The Netherlands 50 Switzerland 51 CHAPTER 9: BRANDING ISSUES 52 The essence of an identity 52 Brand creation 53 The golden rules of branding 54 Economic perspective 55 CHAPTER 10: PORTRAIT OF A FAN 56 Football trumps other sports 56 Club popularity 56 Media habits 65 Reactions to sponsorship 65 Categories of interest 65 Fans’ attitudes survey 65 Survey conclusion 71 Fans in the Far East 71 FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE v Table of contents Latin America 76 Marketing and the elusive fan 79 CHAPTER 11: INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS 80 Registration of a trademark 80 Passing off 80 David Beckham 81 Team versus individual 81 Control of image rights 81 Impact of adverse publicity 81 Case study: Has adverse publicity affected Beckham’s sponsorship potential? 82 CHAPTER 12: OUTSOURCING 90 Outsourcing and SportFive 90 Hertha BSC 90 Hamburger SV 90 SportFive portfolio 90 The outsourcing relationship 90 Regional variations 91 Tickets and ticketing 91 CHAPTER 13: OVERSEAS MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR CLUBS 92 Background 92 Planning 92 Strategy 93 Market knowledge 93 Real Madrid’s Chinese experience 94 Successful tactics 94 Keijan’s sponsorship of Everton 95 Future prospects in China 95 REFERENCES 96 vi FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE Table of contents SECTION II: BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES 97 CHAPTER 14: MARKETING A CLUB’S WARES 97 Case study: NEC Nijmegen 97 Background 97 Business strategy 98 Marketing for potential sponsors 98 How to work with sponsors 99 Balancing costs 99 Unique selling points 99 Achievements 99 Conclusion 100 Case study: Charlton Athletic 100 Background 100 Sponsorship marketing 100 Objectives 100 The sell 102 Conclusion 103 CHAPTER 15: HOW STADIA CAN BE EXPLOITED 103 Naming rights 103 Rethinking stadium usage 105 Case study: Juventus 105 Stadium project 106 Young World Project 106 Conclusion 106 Arsenal-Emirates naming rights deal 106 Benefits of new stadia 107 Points for the future 107 Stadium costs 108 Multi-faceted venues 108 Stadium pariahs 109 Revenue boosters 109 Stadium capacity 109 Revamp or new-build? 110 Future trends 110 Conference facilities 110 Case study: Leicester City Walkers Stadium 113 Background 113 Finance 114 Why build? 114 Conference facilities 114 Marketing 117 Occupancy 117 Conclusion 117 FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE vii Table of contents CHAPTER 16: FOOTBALL AND ONLINE 118 E-commerce 118 Licensing and syndication 119 Advertising and sponsorship 119 Betting 119 Case study: Premium TV 120 PTV expertise 120 Football club joint ventures 121 E-commerce 121 Facts and figures 122 Future prospects 122 CHAPTER 17: MATCHDAY OPPORTUNITIES 123 Case study: St Pauli 123 Background 123 Objectives 124 Marketing offer 124 Implementation 124 Conclusion 125 CHAPTER 18: LEVERAGING BRANDS 127 Case study: Olympiakos CFP 127 Background 127 Marketing background 127 Licensing 128 Conclusion 130 CHAPTER 19: COMMUNITY SPONSORSHIPS 131 Case study: Watford Football Club 131 Background 131 Objectives 132 Strategy 132 Implementation 132 Corporate benefits 134 Conclusion 134 Case study: London Leisure College 134 Background 134 Educational offers 135 LCC philosophy 135 The vision 136 The academy 136 Club impact 136 Conclusion 137 Case study: Avon Insurance 139 Background 139 Sponsorship objectives 140 Contractual terms 140 viii FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE Table of contents Budgets 140 Programme execution 140 Conclusion 141 Sources of funding 143 CHAPTER 20: SECONDARY SPONSORSHIPS 146 Case study: Northampton Town 146 Background 146 Objectives 147 Strategy 147 Implementation 147 Sponsorship gains 161 Conclusion 164 Case study: Norwich City 164 Background 164 Commercial objectives 164 Implementation 165 Results 165 Broader commercial offerings 166 CHAPTER 21: FOOTBALL AND FINANCE 167 Traditional football business model 167 The nature of a fan 167 Performance impact on revenue 168 Future prospects for the football business 168 Case study: Aberdeen 169 Background 169 Financial objectives 169 Commercial objectives 170 Marketing tactics 170 New membership drive 170 New revenue streams 171 Conclusion 171 CHAPTER 22: TECHNOLOGY PARTNERS 172 Case study: Arsenal and 02 172 Objectives 172 Strategy 172 The competition 173 Target audiences 173 Further plans 174 Implementation 174 Benefits 174 Support 174 The future 174 FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE ix Table of contents CHAPTER 23: DATABASE MARKETING 175 Direct marketing 175 Data recording 175 Case study: Plymouth Argyle 177 Executive summary 177 Background 177 Five-year plan 177 Implementation 178 Draft strategic plan for discussion 178 Supporter satisfaction survey 178 Method 181 Analysis 181 Summary of recommendations for action 190 Season ticket initiatives 191 Contact and direct marketing 191 Building a base for the future 192 Impact of success 193 Marketing moves 193 Going up 194 Pre-season activity 195 The future 195 Results 195 Conclusion 196 CHAPTER 24: VIRTUAL/PERIMETER ADVERTISING 196 LED perimeter advertising 197 Virtual advertising 197 FIFA regulations for the use of virtual advertising 198 CHAPTER 25: THE ROLE OF RESEARCH 200 Pre-sponsorship research 200 Essential information for sponsors 200 Measurement methods 200 Communications research 201 Research effectiveness 201 Modus operandi 201 Football specific research 202 Sponsorship’s benefits 202 CHAPTER 26: LEGAL ISSUES 203 Collective selling of broadcasting rights 203 Licensing of media coverage by clubs 203 Salary caps 204 Player transfers 204 New transfer rules 205 Player image rights 205 Legal issues for French clubs 206 x FOOTBALL SPONSORSHIP & COMMERCE Table of
Recommended publications
  • Historical Study on the Relation Between Ancient Chinese Cuju and Modern Football

    Historical Study on the Relation Between Ancient Chinese Cuju and Modern Football

    2018 4th International Conference on Innovative Development of E-commerce and Logistics (ICIDEL 2018) Historical Study on the Relation between Ancient Chinese Cuju and Modern Football Xiaoxue Liu1, Yanfen Zhang2, and Xuezhi Ma3 1Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P. R. China 2Department of Life Sciences; Xinxiang University, Xinxiang Henan Province, Eastern Section of Hua Lan Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, Henan, China 3Beijing Sport University Wushu School, Information Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Ancient Chinese Cuju, Modern Football, Relationship, Development, The Same Origin Abstract: This paper studies on the origin and development of Chinese Cuju through document retrieval. Born in the period of Dongyi civilization, Chinese Cuju began to take shape during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, and gradually flourished during the Qin, Han, Tang and Song dynasties. Through the economic and cultural exchange between China and the West in the past ages, Cuju was introduced into Europe when Mongol expedited westward in Yuan Dynasty. Finally, it has become the modern football, which originated from ancient Chinese Cuju and developed from European competition rules and now is widely accepted and popular in the world. 1. The Cultural Background of the Study On July 15th, 2004, Mr. Blatter, the president of FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) officially announced in the 3rd session of Soccerex Fair, that football originated in Zibo, the capital of Qi State during the Spring and Autumn Period of ancient China. Cuju (ancient football game) began in China, while modern football (eleven -player game) originated in England.
  • Soccer, Culture and Society in Spain

    Soccer, Culture and Society in Spain

    Soccer, Culture and Society in Spain Spanish soccer is on top of the world, at both international and club levels, with the best teams and a seemingly endless supply of exciting and stylish players. While the Spanish economy struggles, its soccer flourishes, deeply embedded throughout Spanish social and cultural life. But the relationship between soccer, culture and society in Spain is complex. This fascinating, in-depth study shines new light on Spanish soccer by examining the role this sport plays in Basque identity, consol- idated in Athletic Club of Bilbao, the century-old soccer club located in the birthplace of Basque nationalism. Athletic Bilbao has a unique player-recruitment policy, allowing only Basque- born players or those developed at the youth academies of Basque clubs to play for the team, a policy that rejects the internationalism of contemporary globalized soccer. Despite this, the club has never been relegated from the top division of Spanish soccer. A particularly tight bond exists between the fans, their club and the players, with Athletic representing a beacon of Basque national identity. This book is an ethnography of a soccer culture where origins, ethnicity, nationalism, gender relations, power and passion, life-cycle events and death rituals gain new meanings as they become, below and beyond the playing field, a matter of creative contention and communal affirmation. Based on unique, in-depth ethnographic research, Soccer, Culture and Society in Spain investigates how a soccer club and soccer fandom affect the life of a community, interweaving empirical research material with key contemporary themes in the social sciences, and placing the study in the wider context of Spanish political and sporting cultures.
  • Theory of the Beautiful Game: the Unification of European Football

    Theory of the Beautiful Game: the Unification of European Football

    Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 54, No. 3, July 2007 r 2007 The Author Journal compilation r 2007 Scottish Economic Society. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main St, Malden, MA, 02148, USA THEORY OF THE BEAUTIFUL GAME: THE UNIFICATION OF EUROPEAN FOOTBALL John Vroomann Abstract European football is in a spiral of intra-league and inter-league polarization of talent and wealth. The invariance proposition is revisited with adaptations for win- maximizing sportsman owners facing an uncertain Champions League prize. Sportsman and champion effects have driven European football clubs to the edge of insolvency and polarized competition throughout Europe. Revenue revolutions and financial crises of the Big Five leagues are examined and estimates of competitive balance are compared. The European Super League completes the open-market solution after Bosman. A 30-team Super League is proposed based on the National Football League. In football everything is complicated by the presence of the opposite team. FSartre I Introduction The beauty of the world’s game of football lies in the dynamic balance of symbiotic competition. Since the English Premier League (EPL) broke away from the Football League in 1992, the EPL has effectively lost its competitive balance. The rebellion of the EPL coincided with a deeper media revolution as digital and pay-per-view technologies were delivered by satellite platform into the commercial television vacuum created by public television monopolies throughout Europe. EPL broadcast revenues have exploded 40-fold from h22 million in 1992 to h862 million in 2005 (33% CAGR).
  • Introduction Conflict Narratives in Sport

    Introduction Conflict Narratives in Sport

    Lopez-Gonzalez H, Guerrero-Sole F, Haynes R. Manufacturing conflict narratives in Real Madrid versus Barcelona football matches. International Review for the Sociology of Sport. 2014; 49(6):688-706. DOI 10.1177/1012690212464965 Introduction The clásico is the renowned term used to describe the matches between the Real Madrid CF and the FC Barcelona football teams. Although the origins of the rivalry date back more than 100 years, it is now, due basically to the economic repercussion and global impact of the clubs involved, that the clásico has gained unprecedented media attention. Both teams rank in the top two in total fans worldwide, 57.8m for FC Barcelona and 31.3m for Real Madrid CF (Sport+Markt, 2010), and gross income, 450€m for Real Madrid and 479€m for Barcelona (Deloitte, 2012). The intensity of this media coverage is particularly notable in Spain, where football is the most popular sport, and the rivalry between Barcelona and Real Madrid has evolved into a cornerstone of the news agenda (González Ramallal, 2004; Isasi Varela, 2006). However, apart from the emotion and uncertainty derived from their games – with anything between two and five matches a year – the attraction of the Real Madrid-Barcelona (RMD-FCB) rivalry lies beyond the realm of the mere sporting competition and is based upon the mediated discourse around it, fuelled by a 24/7 news cycle. The news pieces do not stand alone but are contained in larger narratives, whose purpose when it comes to sports journalism is not to give a conciliatory account of the events but to ‘emphasize the elements of crisis and contradiction’ (Moragas, 1992:15) and the ‘production of difference’ (Rowe, 2003:282).
  • Incentives in China's Reformation of the Sports Industry

    Incentives in China's Reformation of the Sports Industry

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Keck Graduate Institute Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont CMC Senior Theses CMC Student Scholarship 2017 Tapping the Potential of Sports: Incentives in China’s Reformation of the Sports Industry Yu Fu Claremont McKenna College Recommended Citation Fu, Yu, "Tapping the Potential of Sports: Incentives in China’s Reformation of the Sports Industry" (2017). CMC Senior Theses. 1609. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1609 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you by Scholarship@Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in this collection by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Claremont McKenna College Tapping the Potential of Sports: Incentives in China’s Reformation of the Sports Industry Submitted to Professor Minxin Pei by Yu Fu for Senior Thesis Spring 2017 April 24, 2017 2 Abstract Since the 2010s, China’s sports industry has undergone comprehensive reforms. This paper attempts to understand this change of direction from the central state’s perspective. By examining the dynamics of the basketball and soccer markets, it discovers that while the deregulation of basketball is a result of persistent bottom-up effort from the private sector, the recentralization of soccer is a state-led policy change. Notwithstanding the different nature and routes between these reforms, in both sectors, the state’s aim is to restore and strengthen its legitimacy within the society. Amidst China’s economic stagnation, the regime hopes to identify sectors that can drive sustainable growth, and to make adjustments to its bureaucracy as a way to respond to the society’s mounting demand for political modernization.
  • Sample Download

    Sample Download

    Contents Foreword 7 Introduction 9 1 Title Contenders 13 2 The Legend of Andy McDaft 19 3 Be Our Guest 38 4 Food & Drink & Drink 53 5 Celebrity 72 6 Hard, Harder, Hardest 96 7 Call the Cops 116 8 The Gaffer 127 9 Fight! Fight! Fight! 156 10 Banter, Tomfoolery and Hi-Jinks 173 11 The Man (or Woman) In Black (or Green or Yellow or Red) 204 12 Top Shelf 225 13 Why Can’t We All Just Get Along? 241 Postscript 275 Acknowledgements 276 Bibliography 278 1 Title Contenders Hoddledygook As we’ve established, there are an awful lot of footballer autobiographies. As well as a lot of awful footballer autobiographies. In this crowded market it’s important to try to make your book leap from the crowd like Sergio Ramos at a corner and demand attention. A catchy, interesting title can help significantly with that. On the other hand, if you’re a footballer, you’re already instantly recognisable to anybody who might buy and read it anyway, and you have access to a loyal fanbase that consistently proves itself willing to part with hard-earned money for any old rubbish they are served up (bad performances, third kits, club shop tat etc.), so why bother? And not bothering is very much the watchword for many players who clearly think that a nice snap and a simple title will do. Hence the plethora of ‘My Story’, ‘My Life in Football’ or ‘My Autobiography’ efforts clogging up the shelves. Surely we can do better than that? We’re not saying everyone needs to call their book Snod This for a Laugh,1 but come on.
  • An Analysis of the American Outdoor Sport Facility: Developing an Ideal Type on the Evolution of Professional Baseball and Football Structures

    An Analysis of the American Outdoor Sport Facility: Developing an Ideal Type on the Evolution of Professional Baseball and Football Structures

    AN ANALYSIS OF THE AMERICAN OUTDOOR SPORT FACILITY: DEVELOPING AN IDEAL TYPE ON THE EVOLUTION OF PROFESSIONAL BASEBALL AND FOOTBALL STRUCTURES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Chad S. Seifried, B.S., M.Ed. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Donna Pastore, Advisor Professor Melvin Adelman _________________________________ Professor Janet Fink Advisor College of Education Copyright by Chad Seifried 2005 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to analyze the physical layout of the American baseball and football professional sport facility from 1850 to present and design an ideal-type appropriate for its evolution. Specifically, this study attempts to establish a logical expansion and adaptation of Bale’s Four-Stage Ideal-type on the Evolution of the Modern English Soccer Stadium appropriate for the history of professional baseball and football and that predicts future changes in American sport facilities. In essence, it is the author’s intention to provide a more coherent and comprehensive account of the evolving professional baseball and football sport facility and where it appears to be headed. This investigation concludes eight stages exist concerning the evolution of the professional baseball and football sport facility. Stages one through four primarily appeared before the beginning of the 20th century and existed as temporary structures which were small and cheaply built. Stages five and six materialize as the first permanent professional baseball and football facilities. Stage seven surfaces as a multi-purpose facility which attempted to accommodate both professional football and baseball equally.
  • Daily Iowan (Iowa City, Iowa), 1959-03-03

    Daily Iowan (Iowa City, Iowa), 1959-03-03

    ,......, .. Report On SUI Presiclent VI,.II M. H~ rejlOrts on the pad y .... at SUI in a ..... rt Mriu .... Inni ... hi- 01 owon day on pa.. t. Serving The State University of Iowa and the People of Iowa City Five Cents a CIIPY Iowa city, towa. TUeSiGy. March 3. 1959 I Pro es aste oonwar ,• • • ata I'te Igna S n oar it Play Written Just To Provide Successful Belly Laughs: Author Sederholm Cape Firing By KAY KRESS associate prof sor or dramatic art. Staff Wrlt.r who is directing "Beyond Our Con· trol," ha added physical move· At Midnight " 'Beyond Our Control,' said its TINV TUBES WITH BIG RESPONSIBILITIES-Sil. or .pecl.lly sm.ller count,,. is enc.sed in le.d. to hllp scl.ntlsts to det.rmlne m nt lind slaging which add to how much shieldin, will be needed to pr.vl... .ar. P.... II. fer ~uthor, Fred Sederholm, "was writ­ the com dy effect. constructed lI.illlt' counters .board Pion", IV Is dr.matically ten simply to provide an audience All Four Stages Indinled by pencil .Iong side. Within the moon,sun probe th. the first m.n in sp.ce.-Ooily lowon Pheto, with several hours of belly Sed rholm aid he con Iders a Ignite Okay laughter." farce the mo t diCCicult to act be· cau e an actor can never "feel" II By JIM DAVIS "The play," he continued, "mere· comedy part. He must depend up· St.ff Write,. * * * ly presents a series oC, (! hope), on technique and concentrate on humorous incidents involving a 1300-Pound delivering lin .
  • P19 Layout 1

    P19 Layout 1

    TUESDAY, AUGUST 26, 2014 SPORTS Group stage berths in sight for Arsenal, Celtic PARIS: Arsenal and Celtic headline a list of sides seek- new coach Ronny Deila. The Glasgow giants were Saturday at Inverness Caledonian Thistle in the fixture at Parkhead. “The players will have no prob- ing to clinch a place in the lucrative Champions handed a reprieve after Legia Warsaw fielded an ineli- Scottish Premiership. lem picking themselves up. We have a new game League group stage this week in the return legs of gible player in the previous round but suffered a set- Deila, though, expects his players to respond and now and we are going to bounce back on Tuesday,” the play-offs. Ten-man Arsenal escaped Turkey with a back as a weakened Celtic side slumped to a 1-0 loss capitalise on their second chance in Tuesday’s return Deila told the club’s in-house television channel, goalless draw against Besiktas but the Gunners Celtic TV. Striker Anthony Stokes was confident the remain on course for a 17th consecutive group phase 1967 European champions would return to the group appearance although they will be without suspended stage for a third straight season. midfielder Aaron Ramsey for tomorrow’s second leg. ”We are in pole position now going back. We are Arsene Wenger’s men displayed their resilience by ahead in the tie and we are going back to Celtic Park coming from two goals down to salvage a 2-2 draw at where we fancy our chances,” the Irishman told Everton in the Premier League on Saturday and Jack UEFA.com.
  • Legea, Nasce Agli Inizi Degli Anni Novanta, a Pompei Dai Coniugi Acanfora

    Legea, Nasce Agli Inizi Degli Anni Novanta, a Pompei Dai Coniugi Acanfora

    STORIA DEL MARCHIO Il marchio Legea, nasce agli inizi degli anni novanta, a Pompei dai coniugi Acanfora. Produce prevalentemente abbigliamento e accessori per il calcio. Successivamente, si specializza nella produzione di materiale tecnico per altre discipline sportive. L’evoluzione e la crescita dell’azienda sono dovute: • La sponsorizzazione nel 2003 del Napoli calcio • La collaborazione con le squadre del Montenegro e di Gibilterra e di altre squadre italiane in serie C. • Nel 2019/2020 l’accordo con la FIGC per la fornitura dell’abbigliamento sportivo dell’Associazione Italiana Arbitri PUNTI DI FORZA DELL’AZIENDA • Ottimo rapporto qualità prezzo • start-up control: l’affiliato è seguito nelle varie fasi fino all’apertura dello store • Costi di affiliazione pari allo zero • Rapidità di evasione degli ordini MADE IN ITALY? • Fornitori : sconosciuti. Inizialmente si parlava di made in Italy. • Legea è stata al centro di una vicenda giudiziaria: infatti l’azienda aveva fatto produrre i suoi prodotti in Cina e li aveva poi importati in Italia, apponendovi poi il marchio dell’azienda. • La Cassazione però ha rigettato il ricorso del Procuratore di Napoli, rilevando che la qualità dei prodotti dipende dall’identità del produttore e non dall’ambiente geografico di fabbricazione. • Il comportamento della Legea non ha quindi integrato il reato. CLIENTI Legea ha una clientela in cinquanta paesi, nei più importanti continenti. In Italia sono presenti 180 store mono-marchio i c.d. «Legea Point» Ha intrapreso diverse relazioni di sponsorship in varie società sportive calcistiche. CONCORRENTI DEL SETTORE CONCORRENTI La concorrenza nell’abbigliamento sportivo è forte. I principali concorrenti sono Nike con l’15,61% e Adidas con l’11,81% del mercato, con prodotti ad alto costo e alta qualità.
  • United Kingdom Distribution Points

    United Kingdom Distribution Points

    United Kingdom Distribution to national, regional and trade media, including national and regional newspapers, radio and television stations, through proprietary and news agency network of The Press Association (PA). In addition, the circuit features the following complimentary added-value services: . Posting to online services and portals with a complimentary ReleaseWatch report. Coverage on PR Newswire for Journalists, PR Newswire's media-only website and custom push email service reaching over 100,000 registered journalists from 140 countries and in 17 different languages. Distribution of listed company news to financial professionals around the world via Thomson Reuters, Bloomberg and proprietary networks. Releases are translated and distributed in English via PA. 3,298 Points Country Media Point Media Type United Adones Blogger Kingdom United Airlines Angel Blogger Kingdom United Alien Prequel News Blog Blogger Kingdom United Beauty & Fashion World Blogger Kingdom United BellaBacchante Blogger Kingdom United Blog Me Beautiful Blogger Kingdom United BrandFixion Blogger Kingdom United Car Design News Blogger Kingdom United Corp Websites Blogger Kingdom United Create MILK Blogger Kingdom United Diamond Lounge Blogger Kingdom United Drink Brands.com Blogger Kingdom United English News Blogger Kingdom United ExchangeWire.com Blogger Kingdom United Finacial Times Blogger Kingdom United gabrielleteare.com/blog Blogger Kingdom United girlsngadgets.com Blogger Kingdom United Gizable Blogger Kingdom United http://clashcityrocker.blogg.no Blogger
  • Universita' Degli Studi Di Padova Facolta' Di Lettere E

    Universita' Degli Studi Di Padova Facolta' Di Lettere E

    UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA FACOLTA’ DI LETTERE E FILOSOFIA CORSO DI LAUREA IN CULTURA E TECNOLOGIA DELLA MODA L’EVOLUZIONE DELLO STILE E DEI MATERIALI NELL’ABBIGLIAMENTO TECNICO SPORTIVO PER LA PALLAVOLO. PROGETTO PER UNA DIVISA DA GIOCO. RELATORE: CH. MA PROF. SSA Cristina Ponchia LAUREANDA: Gloria Turatello MATRICOLA N. 479672 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2005/2006 INTRODUZIONE ____________________________________________ 5 INTRODUCTION _______________________________________________ 6 INTRODUCCIÓN ______________________________________________ 8 1. LA STORIA DELLA PALLAVOLO ___________________________ 9 1.1. LA NASCITA IN AMBITO YMCA _______________________________ 9 1.2. LO SVILUPPO E LA DUFFUSIONE NEL MONDO DURANTE I DUE CONFLITTI MONDIALI ________________________________________ 10 1.3. LA RIVOLUZIONE DEGLI ANNI ‘90 ____________________________ 11 2. L’ARRIVO DEL VOLLEY IN ITALIA ________________________ 12 2.1. LA CHIESA PROTAGONISTA SOTTORETE ______________________ 13 2.2. L’ASCESA DELL’ITALIA AL RUOLO DI LEADER MONDIALE ________ 13 3. L’EVOLUZIONE DELLE DIVISE DA GIOCO ________________ 14 3.1. IN CANOTTA SUI CAMPI DI TERRA ___________________________ 15 3.2. CON L’INDOOR LE MANICHE SI ALLUNGANO ___________________ 17 3.3. IL RITORNO DELLE MANICHE CORTE ED IL BOOM DI INTERESSE DI IMPRENDITORI E SPONSOR ____________________________________ 18 3.4. NOVITA’ SUL TARAFLEX: L’AVVENTO DEL “LIBERO”, IL BODY DELLE CUBANE, LO SMANICATO DEGLI ITALIANI ________________________ 19 2 4. I MATERIALI: DALLE FIBRE NATURALI ALLE NANOTECNOLOGIE ________________________________________ 21 4.1. LE FIBRE NATURALI VESTONO I PRIMI ATLETI _________________ 21 4.2. LE FIBRE CHIMICHE ED IL MODAL, TESSUTO STORICO DEL VOLLEY 21 4.3. LYCRA LIBERA IL MOVIMENTO ______________________________ 22 4.4. L’INNOVAZIONE DEI TESSUTI TRASPIRANTI ___________________ 24 4.5. LE NANOTECNOLOGIE AL SERVIZIO DELLO SPORT: I TESSUTI ANTIMICROBICI _____________________________________________ 26 4.6.