DOCSLIB.ORG

Cyber War Methods and Practice 07 Jul 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cyber War Methods and Practice 07 Jul 2019 Geostrategy and Geopolitics Department 1 49069 Osnabrueck Cyber war Methods and Practice 07 Jul 2019 Summary Cyberwar (Cyber war, Cyber Warfare) is the military confrontation with the means of information technology. This paper presents the current state and deals with the theoretical and practical problems. In practice, cyberwar is an integral part of military action, but cannot be completely separated from espionage, since the intrusion into and reconnaissance of target systems is essential for further action. After an overview of attack methods, attackers (Advanced Persistent Threats), spy tools, cyber weapons and cyber defense, a particular focus is on the attribution of cyber-attacks and the Smart Industry (Industry 4.0). Afterwards, the cyberwar strategies of the US, China, Russia and further leading actors will be discussed. A final chapter deals with biological applications. Cyber war 07 Jul 2019_English 1 apl. Prof. Dr. Dr. K. Saalbach Table of Contents 1. Fundamentals ....................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Background ............................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Cyberwar Definition ................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Cyberwar and Espionage ........................................................................................ 10 1.5 Terminology ............................................................................................................ 10 1.6 Cyber warfare and International Law ..................................................................... 12 1.7 The Geostrategy of Cyberspace .............................................................................. 14 1.7.1 Physical control of data exchange .................................................................... 14 1.7.2 Control of critical elements .............................................................................. 16 1.7.2.1 Rare Metals ................................................................................................... 16 1.7.2.2 Relation USA - China ................................................................................... 17 1.7.2.3 The Huawei Conflict ..................................................................................... 17 1.7.3 The centralization trend ................................................................................... 18 2. Methods .............................................................................................................. 20 2.1 General issues ......................................................................................................... 20 2.1.1 Physical damage of computers and communication lines ............................... 20 2.1.2 Electromagnetic Pulse EMP ............................................................................ 20 2.1.3 The attack on and manipulation of computers and networks .......................... 20 2.2 Attack on Computers .............................................................................................. 20 2.2.1 Basic principles of cyber attacks...................................................................... 20 2.2.2 Communication lines of cyber attacks ............................................................. 21 2.2.3 Strategy ............................................................................................................ 22 2.2.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 23 2.2.3.2 Gain access.................................................................................................... 25 2.2.3.3 Install malware and start manipulation ......................................................... 34 2.2.3.4 Cyber espionage tools ................................................................................... 35 2.2.3.5 Offensive Cyber Weapons ............................................................................ 36 2.2.4 Cyber war ......................................................................................................... 38 2.2.5 Insider Threats ................................................................................................. 39 2.2.6 Information warfare ......................................................................................... 41 3. The Practice of Cyber war ................................................................................. 44 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 44 3.2 Cyber war from 1998-today .................................................................................... 44 3.2.0 Cold war: Pipeline explosion in the Soviet Union ........................................... 44 3.2.1 Moonlight Maze 1998-2000 ............................................................................ 44 3.2.2 Yugoslavian war 1999 ..................................................................................... 44 3.2.3 The Hainan- or EP3-incident 2001 .................................................................. 45 3.2.4 Massive attacks on Western government and industry computers 2000-2011 45 3.2.5 The attack on Estonia in 2007 .......................................................................... 46 3.2.6 The attack on Syria 2007 ................................................................................. 46 3.2.7 The attack on Georgia 2008 ............................................................................. 47 3.2.8 Intrusion of US drones 2009/2011 ................................................................... 47 3.2.9 Attacks in the Ukraine ..................................................................................... 47 3.2.10 North Korea ................................................................................................... 48 Cyber war 07 Jul 2019_English 2 apl. Prof. Dr. Dr. K. Saalbach 3.2.11 Local cyber conflicts ...................................................................................... 49 3.2.12 Cyber warfare against Islamic State (‘IS’)..................................................... 49 3.2.13 Cyber conflicts in 2019 .................................................................................. 52 4. Attribution .......................................................................................................... 53 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 53 4.2 Cyber-attack attribution .......................................................................................... 53 4.3 Hackers ................................................................................................................... 56 4.4 Cyber War Attribution ............................................................................................ 59 5. Malware and Advanced Persistent Threats ........................................................ 60 5.1 Sophisticated malware ............................................................................................ 60 5.2 Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) ...................................................................... 62 5.2.1 The Equation group.......................................................................................... 66 5.2.1.1 Detection history - The ‚digital first strike’ .................................................. 66 5.2.1.2 Equation group cyber tools ........................................................................... 70 5.2.1.3 The Shadow Brokers incident ....................................................................... 73 5.2.2 The Longhorn Group/Lamberts/Vault 7 incident ............................................ 75 5.2.3 Sauron/Strider and Slingshot ........................................................................... 77 5.2.4 APT28 and APT29 ........................................................................................... 77 5.2.4.1 APT28 (aka Sofacy, Pawn Strom, Csar Team, Sednit, Fancy Bear, Strontium) ................................................................................................................. 77 5.2.4.2 APT29 (aka Cozy Duke/Cozy Bear)............................................................. 78 5.2.4.3 The German Parliament Bundestag hack ...................................................... 79 5.2.4.4 The DNC hack/Attacks on voting systems ................................................... 81 5.2.4.5 The WADA hack .......................................................................................... 82 5.2.4.6 The Macron hacks ......................................................................................... 83 5.2.4.7 The Yahoo hacks........................................................................................... 83 5.2.4.8 The LoJax firmware campaign ..................................................................... 83 5.2.4.9 Further activities ........................................................................................... 83 5.2.5 The Waterbug group (aka Turla/Snake/Ouroburos/Venomous Bear/Krypton/Group88) ...........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2020 Sonicwall Cyber Threat Report
    2020 SONICWALL CYBER THREAT REPORT sonicwall.com I @sonicwall TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 A NOTE FROM BILL 4 CYBERCRIMINAL INC. 11 2019 GLOBAL CYBERATTACK TRENDS 12 INSIDE THE SONICWALL CAPTURE LABS THREAT NETWORK 13 KEY FINDINGS FROM 2019 13 SECURITY ADVANCES 14 CRIMINAL ADVANCES 15 FASTER IDENTIFICATION OF ‘NEVER-BEFORE-SEEN’ MALWARE 16 TOP 10 CVES EXPLOITED IN 2019 19 ADVANCEMENTS IN DEEP MEMORY INSPECTION 23 MOMENTUM OF PERIMETER-LESS SECURITY 24 PHISHING DOWN FOR THIRD STRAIGHT YEAR 25 CRYPTOJACKING CRUMBLES 27 RANSOMWARE TARGETS STATE, PROVINCIAL & LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 31 FILELESS MALWARE SPIKES IN Q3 32 ENCRYPTED THREATS GROWING CONSISTENTLY 34 IOT ATTACK VOLUME RISING 35 WEB APP ATTACKS DOUBLE IN 2019 37 PREPARING FOR WHAT’S NEXT 38 ABOUT SONICWALL 2 A NOTE FROM BILL The boundaries of your digital empire are In response, SonicWall and our Capture Labs limitless. What was once a finite and threat research team work tirelessly to arm defendable space is now a boundless organizations, enterprises, governments and territory — a vast, sprawling footprint of businesses with actionable threat devices, apps, appliances, servers, intelligence to stay ahead in the global cyber networks, clouds and users. arms race. For the cybercriminals, it’s more lawless And part of that dedication starts now with than ever. Despite the best intentions of the 2020 SonicWall Cyber Threat Report, government agencies, law enforcement and which provides critical threat intelligence to oversight groups, the current cyber threat help you better understand how landscape is more agile than ever before. cybercriminals think — and be fully prepared for what they’ll do next.
    [Show full text]
  • Hacking the Web
    Hacking the Web (C) 2009-2020 Arun Viswanathan Ellis Horowitz Marco Papa 1 Table of Contents } General Introduction } Authentication Attacks } Client-Side Attacks } Injection Attacks } Recent Attacks } Privacy Tools 2 (C) 2009-2020 Arun Viswanathan Ellis Horowitz Marco Papa Why secure the Web? } The Web has evolved into an ubiquitous entity providing a rich and common platform for connecting people and doing business. } BUT, the Web also offers a cheap, effective, convenient and anonymous platform for crime. } To get an idea, the Web has been used for the following types of criminal activities (source: The Web Hacking Incidents Database (WHID) http://projects.webappsec.org/w/page/13246995/Web-Hacking-Incident-Database) } Chaos (Attack on Russian nuclear power websites amid accident rumors (5Jan09) } Deceit (SAMY XSS Worm – Nov 2005) } Extortion (David Aireys domain hijacked due to a CSRF (cross site request forgery) flaw in Gmail – 30Dec2007) } Identity Theft (XSS on Yahoo! Hot jobs – Oct 2008) } Information Warfare (Israeli Gaza War - Jan 2009 / Balkan Wars – Apr 2008 ) } Monetary Loss (eBay fraud using XSS) } Physical Pain (Hackers post on epilepsy forum causes migraines and seizures – May 2008) } Political Defacements (Hacker changes news release on Sheriffs website – Jul 2008) (Obama, Oreilly and Britneys Twitter accounts hacked and malicious comments posted – Jan 09) } Chinese Gaming sites hacked (Dec. 2011) 3 Copyright(C) 2009 (c) -20092020- 2019Arun Arun Viswanathan Viswanathan Ellis HorowitzEllis Horowitz Marco Marco Papa Papa
    [Show full text]
  • Internet Security Threat Report Volume 24 | February 2019
    ISTRInternet Security Threat Report Volume 24 | February 2019 THE DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH DISCLAIMERS ARE HELD TO BE LEGALLY INVALID. SYMANTEC CORPORATION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM THIRD PARTY SOURCES IS BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE, BUT IS IN NO WAY GUARANTEED. SECURITY PRODUCTS, TECHNICAL SERVICES, AND ANY OTHER TECHNICAL DATA REFERENCED IN THIS DOCUMENT (“CONTROLLED ITEMS”) ARE SUBJECT TO U.S. EXPORT CONTROL AND SANCTIONS LAWS, REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS, AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO EXPORT OR IMPORT REGULATIONS IN OTHER COUNTRIES. YOU AGREE TO COMPLY STRICTLY WITH THESE LAWS, REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS, AND ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE THE RESPONSIBILITY TO OBTAIN ANY LICENSES, PERMITS OR OTHER APPROVALS THAT MAY BE REQUIRED IN ORDER FOR YOU TO EXPORT, RE-EXPORT, TRANSFER IN COUNTRY OR IMPORT SUCH CONTROLLED ITEMS. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 2 3 BIG NUMBERS YEAR-IN-REVIEW FACTS AND FIGURES METHODOLOGY Formjacking Messaging Cryptojacking Malware Ransomware Mobile Living off the land Web attacks and supply chain attacks Targeted attacks Targeted attacks IoT Cloud Underground economy IoT Election interference MALICIOUS
    [Show full text]
  • From the Editor
    EDITORIAL STAFF From the Editor ELIZABETH SKINNER Editor Happy New Year, everyone. As I write this, we’re a few weeks into 2021 and there ELIZABETH ROBINSON Copy Editor are sparkles of hope here and there that this year may be an improvement over SALLY BAHO Copy Editor the seemingly endless disasters of the last one. Vaccines are finally being deployed against the coronavirus, although how fast and for whom remain big sticky questions. The United States seems to have survived a political crisis that brought EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD its system of democratic government to the edge of chaos. The endless conflicts VICTOR ASAL in Syria, Libya, Yemen, Iraq, and Afghanistan aren’t over by any means, but they have evolved—devolved?—once again into chronic civil agony instead of multi- University of Albany, SUNY national warfare. CHRISTOPHER C. HARMON 2021 is also the tenth anniversary of the Arab Spring, a moment when the world Marine Corps University held its breath while citizens of countries across North Africa and the Arab Middle East rose up against corrupt authoritarian governments in a bid to end TROELS HENNINGSEN chronic poverty, oppression, and inequality. However, despite the initial burst of Royal Danish Defence College change and hope that swept so many countries, we still see entrenched strong-arm rule, calcified political structures, and stagnant stratified economies. PETER MCCABE And where have all the terrorists gone? Not far, that’s for sure, even if the pan- Joint Special Operations University demic has kept many of them off the streets lately. Closed borders and city-wide curfews may have helped limit the operational scope of ISIS, Lashkar-e-Taiba, IAN RICE al-Qaeda, and the like for the time being, but we know the teeming refugee camps US Army (Ret.) of Syria are busy producing the next generation of violent ideological extremists.
    [Show full text]
  • Attacking from Inside
    WIPER MALWARE: ATTACKING FROM INSIDE Why some attackers are choosing to get in, delete files, and get out, rather than try to reap financial benefit from their malware. AUTHORED BY VITOR VENTURA WITH CONTRIBUTIONS FROM MARTIN LEE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY from system impact. Some wipers will destroy systems, but not necessarily the data. On the In a digital era when everything and everyone other hand, there are wipers that will destroy is connected, malicious actors have the perfect data, but will not affect the systems. One cannot space to perform their activities. During the past determine which kind has the biggest impact, few years, organizations have suffered several because those impacts are specific to each kinds of attacks that arrived in many shapes organization and the specific context in which and forms. But none have been more impactful the attack occurs. However, an attacker with the than wiper attacks. Attackers who deploy wiper capability to perform one could perform the other. malware have a singular purpose of destroying or disrupting systems and/or data. The defense against these attacks often falls back to the basics. By having certain Unlike malware that holds data for ransom protections in place — a tested cyber security (ransomware), when a malicious actor decides incident response plan, a risk-based patch to use a wiper in their activities, there is no management program, a tested and cyber direct financial motivation. For businesses, this security-aware business continuity plan, often is the worst kind of attack, since there is and network and user segmentation on top no expectation of data recovery.
    [Show full text]
  • Getting to Yes with China in Cyberspace
    Getting to Yes with China in Cyberspace Scott Warren Harold, Martin C. Libicki, Astrid Stuth Cevallos C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/rr1335 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN: 978-0-8330-9249-6 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark Cover Image: US President Barack Obama (R) checks hands with Chinese president Xi Jinping after a press conference in the Rose Garden of the White House September 25, 2015 in Washington, DC. President Obama is welcoming President Jinping during a state arrival ceremony. Photo by Olivier Douliery/ABACA (Sipa via AP Images). Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.html. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.
    [Show full text]
  • Cyber-Conflict Between the United States of America and Russia CSS
    CSS CYBER DEFENSE PROJECT Hotspot Analysis: Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Zürich, June 2017 Version 1 Risk and Resilience Team Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Authors: Marie Baezner, Patrice Robin © 2017 Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich Contact: Center for Security Studies Haldeneggsteig 4 ETH Zürich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Tel.: +41-44-632 40 25 [email protected] www.css.ethz.ch Analysis prepared by: Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich ETH-CSS project management: Tim Prior, Head of the Risk and Resilience Research Group; Myriam Dunn Cavelty, Deputy Head for Research and Teaching; Andreas Wenger, Director of the CSS Disclaimer: The opinions presented in this study exclusively reflect the authors’ views. Please cite as: Baezner, Marie; Robin, Patrice (2017): Hotspot Analysis: Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia, June 2017, Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich. 2 Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Table of Contents 1 Introduction 5 2 Background and chronology 6 3 Description 9 3.1 Tools and techniques 9 3.2 Targets 10 3.3 Attribution and actors 10 4 Effects 11 4.1 Social and internal political effects 11 4.2 Economic effects 13 4.3 Technological effects 13 4.4 International effects 13 5 Consequences 14 5.1 Improvement of cybersecurity 14 5.2 Raising awareness of propaganda and misinformation 15 5.3 Observation of the evolution of relations between the USA and Russia 15 5.4 Promotion of Confidence Building Measures 16 6 Annex 1 17 7 Glossary 18 8 Abbreviations 19 9 Bibliography 19 3 Cyber-conflict between the United States of America and Russia Executive Summary Effects Targets: US State institutions and a political The analysis found that the tensions between the party.
    [Show full text]
  • View Final Report (PDF)
    TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY III INTRODUCTION 1 GENESIS OF THE PROJECT 1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1 INDUSTRY SITUATION 2 METHODOLOGY 3 GENERAL COMMENTS ON INTERVIEWS 5 APT1 (CHINA) 6 SUMMARY 7 THE GROUP 7 TIMELINE 7 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 9 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 9 APT10 (CHINA) 13 INTRODUCTION 14 THE GROUP 14 TIMELINE 15 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 16 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 18 COBALT (CRIMINAL GROUP) 22 INTRODUCTION 23 THE GROUP 23 TIMELINE 25 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 27 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 30 APT33 (IRAN) 33 INTRODUCTION 34 THE GROUP 34 TIMELINE 35 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 37 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 38 APT34 (IRAN) 41 INTRODUCTION 42 THE GROUP 42 SIPA Capstone 2020 i The Impact of Information Disclosures on APT Operations TIMELINE 43 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 44 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 48 APT38 (NORTH KOREA) 52 INTRODUCTION 53 THE GROUP 53 TIMELINE 55 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 59 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 61 APT28 (RUSSIA) 65 INTRODUCTION 66 THE GROUP 66 TIMELINE 66 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 69 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 71 APT29 (RUSSIA) 74 INTRODUCTION 75 THE GROUP 75 TIMELINE 76 TYPOLOGY OF ATTACKS 79 DISCLOSURE EVENTS 81 COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS 84 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTOR RESPONSE 84 CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES 86 MEASURING THE SUCCESS OF DISCLOSURES 90 IMPLICATIONS OF OUR RESEARCH 92 FOR PERSISTENT ENGAGEMENT AND FORWARD DEFENSE 92 FOR PRIVATE CYBERSECURITY VENDORS 96 FOR THE FINANCIAL SECTOR 96 ROOM FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 97 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 98 ABOUT THE TEAM 99 SIPA Capstone 2020 ii The Impact of Information Disclosures on APT Operations EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This project was completed to fulfill the including the scope of the disclosure and capstone requirement for Columbia Uni- the disclosing actor.
    [Show full text]
  • Advanced Persistent Threats
    Advanced Persistent Threats September 30, 2010 By: Ali Golshan ([email protected]) Agenda Page Current Threat Landscape 2 The Disconnect 10 The Risk 19 What now? 25 Section 1 Current Threat Landscape • Context • Common Targets for APTs • Recent Attacks • Shift in Purpose • Repercussions Section 1 - Current Threat Landscape Context Conventional Cyber Attacks • Conventional cyber attacks use known vulnerabilities to exploit the un-specific targets • Examples include malware (viruses, worms and Trojans), and traditional hacking and cracking methods Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) • There is a new breed of attacks that is being referred to as Advanced Persistent Threats • APTs are targeted cyber based attacks using unknown vulnerabilities, customized to extract a specific set of data from a specific organization • APTs have the following characteristics that make them particularly dangerous: • Persistent: The persistent nature makes them difficult to be extracted • Updatable: The attacker can update the malware to be able to continuously evade security solutions even as they are upgraded Section 1 - Current Threat Landscape APTs target specific organizations to obtain specific information Since these are specialized attacks, they are customized for their targets, and are designed to extract very specific information based on the target. Most common targets are: Government agencies • Government agencies are targeted by Foreign Intelligence Services (FIS) • APTs can be used for theft of military level secrets and in cyber warfare for destabilization along with conventional warfare • 2007 McAfee report stated approximately 120 countries are trying to create weaponized internet capabilities • Example: The Russia-Georgia war of 2008 was the first example of a APT coinciding with conventional warfare.
    [Show full text]
  • A Systematic Empirical Analysis of Unwanted Software Abuse, Prevalence, Distribution, and Economics
    UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA´ DE MADRID ESCUELA TECNICA´ SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS INFORMATICOS´ A Systematic Empirical Analysis of Unwanted Software Abuse, Prevalence, Distribution, and Economics PH.D THESIS Platon Pantelis Kotzias Copyright c 2019 by Platon Pantelis Kotzias iv DEPARTAMENTAMENTO DE LENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS´ E INGENIERIA DE SOFTWARE ESCUELA TECNICA´ SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS INFORMATICOS´ A Systematic Empirical Analysis of Unwanted Software Abuse, Prevalence, Distribution, and Economics SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF: Doctor of Philosophy in Software, Systems and Computing Author: Platon Pantelis Kotzias Advisor: Dr. Juan Caballero April 2019 Chair/Presidente: Marc Dasier, Professor and Department Head, EURECOM, France Secretary/Secretario: Dario Fiore, Assistant Research Professor, IMDEA Software Institute, Spain Member/Vocal: Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez, Assistant Research Professor, IMDEA Networks Institute, Spain Member/Vocal: Juan Tapiador, Associate Professor, Universidad Carlos III, Spain Member/Vocal: Igor Santos, Associate Research Professor, Universidad de Deusto, Spain Abstract of the Dissertation Potentially unwanted programs (PUP) are a category of undesirable software that, while not outright malicious, can pose significant risks to users’ security and privacy. There exist indications that PUP prominence has quickly increased over the last years, but the prevalence of PUP on both consumer and enterprise hosts remains unknown. Moreover, many important aspects of PUP such as distribution vectors, code signing abuse, and economics also remain unknown. In this thesis, we empirically and sys- tematically analyze in both breadth and depth PUP abuse, prevalence, distribution, and economics. We make the following four contributions. First, we perform a systematic study on the abuse of Windows Authenticode code signing by PUP and malware.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Targets of Arrested Computer Hackers 6 March 2012
    List of targets of arrested computer hackers 6 March 2012 The five computer hackers charged in New York Tribune and Los Angeles Times, using on Tuesday and a sixth who pleaded guilty are misappropriated login credentials. accused of involvement in some of the most notorious hacking incidents of the past 18 months. -- February 2011: A cyberattack on private computer security firm HBGary that involved the The following are some of the cyberattacks in theft of 60,000 emails from HBGary employees and which the two Britons, two Irishmen and two the HBGary chief executive, as well as defacing his Americans allegedly played a role as members of Twitter account. Anonymous, Lulz Security or associated groups: -- April-May 2011: A cyberattack on a Fox -- December 2010: Operation Payback. Distributed Broadcasting Company website that involved the denial of service (DDoS) attacks by members of theft of names, dates of birth, telephone numbers, Anonymous on the websites of MasterCard, email and residential addresses for more than PayPal and Visa in retaliation for their refusal to 70,000 potential contestants on the Fox television accept donations for WikiLeaks. In a DDoS attack, show the "X-Factor." a website is bombarded with traffic, slowing it down or knocking it offline completely. -- May 2011: A cyberattack on Sony Pictures Entertainment that revealed the passwords, email -- January 2011: Defacing a website of the Irish addresses, home addresses and dates of birth of political party Fine Gael after accessing computer 100,000 users of the www.sonypictures.com servers in Arizona used to maintain the website, website and a subsequent online attack against www.finegael2011.com.
    [Show full text]
  • What You Should Know About Kaspersky
    What you should know Proven. Transparent. about Kaspersky Lab Independent. Fighting for your digital freedom Your data and privacy are under attack by cybercriminals and spy agencies, so you need a partner who is not afraid of standing beside you to protect what matters to you most. For over 20 years, Kaspersky Lab has been catching all kinds of cyberthreats. No matter whether they come from script kiddies, cybercriminals or governments, or from the north, south, east or west. We believe the online world should be free from attack and state-sponsored espionage, and will continue fighting for a truly free and safe digital world. Proven Transparent Independent Kaspersky Lab routinely scores the highest We are totally transparent and are making As a private company, we are independent marks in independent ratings and surveys. it even easier to understand what we do: from short term business considerations and institutional influence. • Measured alongside more than 100 other • Independent review of the company’s well-known vendors in the industry source code, software updates and We share our expertise, knowledge • 72 first places in 86 tests in 2017 threat detection rules and technical findings with the world’s • Top 3 ranking* in 91% of all product tests • Independent review of internal security community, IT security vendors, • In 2017, Kaspersky Lab received processes international organizations, and law Platinum Status for Gartner’s Peer • Three transparency centers by 2020 enforcement agencies. Insight** Customer Choice Award 2017, • Increased bug bounty rewards with up in the Endpoint Protection Platforms to $100K per discovered vulnerability Our research team is spread across the market world and includes some of the most renowned security experts in the world.
    [Show full text]