DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study of Children's Trading a Dissertation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study of Children's Trading a Dissertation Cards, Creatures and Almost Anything: A Study of Children’s Trading A dissertation submitted to the Kent State University Graduate School of Management In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Marie A. Yeh Summer, 2013 1 Dissertation written by Marie A. Yeh B.S., University of Maryland, College Park, 1992 M.S.Ed., Old Dominion University, 1996 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2013 Approved by ___________________________________ Robert D. Jewell, Chair Doctoral Dissertation Committee ___________________________________ Alfred Guiffrida, Member Doctoral Dissertation Committee ___________________________________ Cesar Zamudio, Member Doctoral Dissertation Committee Accepted by ___________________________________ Representative College of Business Administration ___________________________________ Dean’s Office College of Business Administration 2 Acknowledgements This dissertation has been a long, rewarding journey that was inspired by my son, Sean, and that came to fruition through the staunch belief and faith of my advisor, Bob Jewell. To have the faith and support of such a supportive, intelligent and caring person as him, who as an advisor facilitated my growth and learning like I never have faced before and likely never will again, is an experience for which I will forever be grateful. I am also very grateful to my committee members, past and current, which include Al Guiffrida, Larry Marks, Mike Mayo and Cesar Zamudio, whose comments, feedback and assistance were incredibly helpful. To have been allowed the luxury of working on this dissertation without going to the poor house, I give thanks to the most helpful of department chairs, Pam Grimm, Kent State’s Graduate Student Senate and Beth Brandt. I also thank the children and their parents as well as the staff that so patiently work with them on a daily basis with little monetary reward for their support and cooperation in working with the hundreds of children who participated in this work. Finally, this work would not have been possible without the unwavering support from my loving husband, John, and the two greatest, smartest children in the world, Madi and Sean, who helped me stay sane and whole through this process and who inspire me every day to make myself a better person and the world a better place. I am incredibly lucky to have been blessed to have the love and support of the world’s finest people. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 12 Outline of Dissertation ................................................................................................ 17 Children as Consumers .............................................................................................. 18 How Do Children Get What They Want? ................................................................. 18 Consumer Socialization ............................................................................................ 21 Social Learning & Socialization Agents ................................................................... 22 The Cognitive Developmental Approach to Consumer Socialization ...................... 26 The Gap in Understanding Children as Consumers ............................................... 32 Addressing the Gap through the Study of Children’s Trading .............................. 37 The Socio-Cultural Framework ................................................................................ 38 Theoretical Contribution............................................................................................ 40 CHAPTER 2: AN EXPLORATION OF CHILDREN’S TRADING ............................. 44 Children’s Trading ..................................................................................................... 44 Barter ........................................................................................................................... 51 Play ............................................................................................................................... 63 A Conceptual Model of Children’s Trading ............................................................. 66 Study One .................................................................................................................... 70 Methodology ............................................................................................................. 70 Arranged Non-Participant Observation .................................................................... 72 4 Interviews .................................................................................................................. 74 The Sample ............................................................................................................... 75 Age as Factor. ....................................................................................................... 75 Gender as Factor. .................................................................................................. 76 Snowball Sampling ............................................................................................... 77 The Data .................................................................................................................... 79 Analysis..................................................................................................................... 82 Study One Findings..................................................................................................... 84 Antecedents of Trading ............................................................................................. 85 Parents. .................................................................................................................. 86 Siblings ................................................................................................................. 91 Peers. ..................................................................................................................... 92 The Existing Relationship between the Child and Trading Partners .................... 93 Socio-Cultural Context ......................................................................................... 95 A Place with Critical Mass ................................................................................... 96 Traded Goods ........................................................................................................ 97 Aspects of the Child ............................................................................................ 100 Motivation to Trade. ........................................................................................... 106 The Trading Process ............................................................................................... 110 The Stages of Trading ......................................................................................... 111 Actions in Trading .............................................................................................. 115 The Valuation Process ............................................................................................ 116 5 Perceptual Attributes ........................................................................................... 117 Cognitive Attributes ............................................................................................ 118 Value Derived from Contexts ............................................................................. 119 The Valuation Array ........................................................................................... 121 The Valuation Ratio ............................................................................................ 126 The Negotiation Process ......................................................................................... 126 Factors that Influence the Enactment of Negotiation ......................................... 127 Actions in Negotiation ........................................................................................ 130 Persuasion ........................................................................................................... 132 Stipulations ......................................................................................................... 133 Commentary of Third Parties.................................................................................. 135 Having More Than Two Parties .............................................................................. 136 Fairness and Ethics in Trading ................................................................................ 138 Group Norms and Dynamics .................................................................................. 141 Socialization ............................................................................................................ 146 Trader’s Regret ................................................................................................... 152 Study One Discussion ............................................................................................... 153 CHAPTER 3: CHILDREN AND THEIR VALUATION OF TRADED OBJECTS .. 169 The Determination of Value ..................................................................................... 169 Conjoint Analysis.................................................................................................... 171 Different Methods/Models of Conjoint Analysis. .............................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • August 24 Online Auction
    09/28/21 01:16:26 August 24 Online Auction Auction Opens: Thu, Aug 19 9:00pm ET Auction Closes: Tue, Aug 24 7:00pm ET Lot Title Lot Title 1 Beautiful Vintage Pennsylvania House Tall Boy 1012 Size 12 Aquamarine Teardrop Stones In 11 Drawer Dresser/Cabinet, Top Section Comes Goldtone Setting Off For Transport, Very Good Condition, 42"W 1013 2010 Silver Eagle MS69 Early Release x 19"D x 82"H 1014 18" Plated Gold Chain With Turquoise Hoop 10 Vintage Holo Krome No. 44 Tin Box With Hex Drop, 1 1/2" Drop New Aztec Allen Keys, Good Condition, 5 1/4"L 1015 Five 35% Silver War Nickels, Two 1943 and 100 Solar Chimes Turn on At Top, Copper Color Three 1944, Good Condition With Clear Amber Beads, Pumpkin, Leaves, Bell Design, New With Tags, 35"L 1016 Size 9 "Diamond" Sparkle Stone Huge Stone Showy Save The Real One 1000 Vintage Plastic and Nickel Necklace, White Beads With Goldtone Accents, With Matching 1017 1928D Red Seal Better Date Pierced Earrings, Good Condition, 17"L 1018 16" and 18" Chain With Mother Of Pearl 1001 1881 S Morgan Silver Dollar MS 63 Intertwined Hearts, Mother- Daughter Set, New And Gorgeous 1002 Two 1958 and Four 1958 D UNC Lincoln Cents, The Last Year Of Wheat Back Cents 1019 2005 S Silver Kennedy Half Dollar 1003 Lot of Costume Jewelry, Pins, Earrings, and 102 Framed Watercolor Art, Rocky Stream, in Good More, Goldtone, Silvertone, With Pretty Condition, 19"W x 14"H Enamel And Bead Accents, Up to 1 1/2"D 1020 New Vintage Look Ring Size 10 Etched Silver Good Condition With Gold Tint Center Stone 1004 1921 Morgan Dollar +MS G4 Rim and Feathers 1021 Three 1945 UNC Lincoln Cents Are Excellent 1022 New Pink Tahitian Pearl On Gold Plated Spiral 1005 Working Timex Indiglo Wrist Watch WIth 9"L Chain, Very Nice Green Canvas Band, Good Condition 1023 1895 O Barber Half Scarcer Date, Good 1006 New Mermaid Necklace, Blue Sapphire Stones Condition, New Orleans Mint And Colored Beads, Extendable Chain 1024 Lia Sophia Ring Size 10 New in Box 1007 2021 W American Silver Eagle With New 2nd 1025 1882 O Morgan Silver Dollar, Shows Wear Reverse Eagle 1 Oz.
    [Show full text]
  • 3-5B GDP SAT 0604 Copy 9
    WWW.GWINNETTDAILYPOST.COM • SATURDAY, JUNE 4, 2011 • 3B Sports 15.904 B Gwinnett Daily Post gwinnettdailypost.com 770-962-SELL Saturday, June 4, 24 HOUR SERVICE 2011 Over 250,000 classified Sunday Readers gwinnettdailypost.com gajobsource.com gahomesource.net 900 LEGALS 900 LEGALS 900 LEGALS of any message. provide a quicker, easier way 3. The Gwinnett Daily Post to transmit such data for Unload your boat. ***NOTICE*** has no reasonable way to those who wish to use it. FAX and E-Mail acceptance confirm authenticity of a We are glad to cooperate by of legal advertising is contin- transmission received or implementing FAX and E- Get hooked up with a PWC. gent upon acceptance by any whether it was transmitted Mail availability after clarify- client of the following condi- by an authorized agent of a ing user risks, as identified tions and their use of FAX legal client and shall not be currently. > Buy and sell the easy way with the Classifieds. and E-Mail shall signify held responsible for deter- IN TODAY’S acceptance of the condi- mining this. 929 PUBLIC tions: 4. All clients using FAX and 1. The Gwinnett Daily Post E-Mail for transmission of SALES/AUCTIONS will not be responsible for legal data agree to hold this PUBLIC STORAGE Gwinnett any errors that occur in publication harmless for 900 LEGALS MCGINNIS FERRY SELF transmission, including iden- consequences of any breach tification and notification that STORAGE SHALL CONDUCT of confidentiality which A PUBLIC SALE ON THE an error has occurred. Pub- might occur. RIGHT lication of any transmission FOLLOWING SPACES AT Daily Post 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Consumption, Collection, Creativity:: Micro-Local Practices Within Children’S Bedroom Play in Urban Vancouver
    Document generated on 09/29/2021 5:54 p.m. Material Culture Review Consumption, Collection, Creativity: Micro-Local Practices within Children’s Bedroom Play in Urban Vancouver Abby Loebenberg Volume 74-75, 2012 Article abstract Following the growing emphasis in childhood studies on children as active URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/mcr74_75art08 consumers and agents, this paper examines creative play with Pokémon products in a micro-ethnography of children in their bedrooms. I argue that children’s See table of contents processes of collection, manipulation through drawing, play, and display evidence how a mass-consumed, global product can be used both as a form of (private) self-discovery and as part of the creation and reinforcement of public Publisher(s) social knowledge. National Museums of Canada ISSN 0316-1854 (print) 0000-0000 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article Loebenberg, A. (2012). Consumption, Collection, Creativity:: Micro-Local Practices within Children’s Bedroom Play in Urban Vancouver. Material Culture Review, 74-75, 116–130. All rights reserved © National Museums of Canada, 2011 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to
    [Show full text]
  • ABBY LOEBENBERG Consumption, Collection, Creativity: Micro-Local
    ABBY LOEBENBERG Consumption, Collection, Creativity: Micro-Local Practices within Children’s Bedroom Play in Urban Vancouver Résumé Abstract À la suite de l’importance grandissante (dans l’étude Following the growing emphasis in childhood studies de l’enfance) des enfants en tant que consommateurs on children as active consumers and agents, this paper actifs et agents, cet article examine le jeu créatif avec examines creative play with Pokémon products in a des produits Pokémon dans une micro-ethnographie micro-ethnography of children in their bedrooms. I d’enfants dans leurs chambres. Je soutiens que les argue that children’s processes of collection, manipulation processus des enfants, celui de collectionner, celui de through drawing, play, and display evidence how a manipuler à travers le dessin et celui de jouer et de mass-consumed, global product can be used both as démontrer indiquent comment un produit global de a form of (private) self-discovery and as part of the grande consommation peut être utilisé en tant que forme creation and reinforcement of public social knowledge. de découverte de soi (privé) et comme partie intégrante de la création et du renforcement de la connaissance sociale du public. The departure point for this paper is the concept stuff from China,” as one middle-class parent in that all objects encompass a biography (Kopytoff my study group put it, and much work is done 1986) or a chain (Gereffi 1995; Leslie and Reimer by these parents to try to interest their children 2003) of motion, in many cases from the global in that hand-made toy that, as Seiter puts it, is to the local (and, in fewer cases, back again).
    [Show full text]
  • CCG 2021 04.Xlsx
    CCG/TCG Complete List - April 2021 - by Gianluca Bertucci No. Type CountryStatusEnglish Name Publisher Y/M 1 CCG US D 24 Trading Card Game (Twenty-Four) Press Pass 2007/08 2 CCG US D 7th Sea (Seventh Sea) Alderac Entertainment Group 1999/08 3 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2009/10 Panini 2009/11 4 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2010/11 Panini 2010/09 5 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2011/12 Panini 2011/09 6 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2012/13 Panini 2013/04 7 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2013/14 Panini 2014/01 8 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2014/15 Panini 2015/01 9 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2015/16 Panini 2015/12 10 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2016/17 Panini 2016/09 11 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2017/18 Panini 2017/09 12 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2018/19 Panini 2018/09 13 CCG IT D Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2019/20 Panini 2019/09 14 CCG IT A Adrenalyn XL Calciatori 2020/21 Panini 2020/09 15 CCG BR D Adrenalyn XL Campeonato Brasileiro 2014/15 Panini 2014/10 16 CCG CL D Adrenalyn XL Campeonato Chileno 2011 Panini 2011/09 17 CCG CL D Adrenalyn XL Campeonato Nacional 2019 Panini 2019/?? 18 CCG US D Adrenalyn XL Copa América Centenario. USA 2016 Panini 2016/?? 19 CCG CL D Adrenalyn XL Copa América. Chile 2015 Panini 2015/?? 20 CCG AR D Adrenalyn XL El Gran Juego De Fútbol 2012 Panini 2012/?? 21 CCG AR D Adrenalyn XL El Gran Juego De Fútbol 2013 Panini 2013/?? 22 CCG GB D Adrenalyn XL England 2016 Panini 2016/06 23 CCG GB D Adrenalyn XL England 2018 Panini 2018/06 24 CCG EU D Adrenalyn XL Euro 2012 Poland-Ukraine
    [Show full text]
  • An Examination of Young Children's Digital Literacy
    AN EXAMINATION OF YOUNG CHILDREN’S DIGITAL LITERACY PRACTICES IN THE HOME BEFORE AND DURING THE TRANSITION TO KINDERGARTEN Laura Ann Teichert Dip.Ed. Deakin University, 2007 M.Ed. The University of Western Ontario, 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Language and Literacy Education) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) October, 2018 © Laura Ann Teichert, 2018 The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the dissertation entitled: AN EXAMINATION OF YOUNG CHILDREN’S DIGITAL LITERACY PRACTICES IN THE HOME BEFORE AND DURING THE TRANSITION TO KINDERGARTEN submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements by Laura Ann Teichert for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Language and Literacy Education Examining Committee: Dr. Jim Anderson Supervisor Dr. Marlene Asselin Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Nancy Perry Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Lee Gunderson University Examiner Dr. Cay Holbrook University Examiner ii Abstract Many young children in western societies become literate in a world that relies heavily on digital technology. However, in early childhood education, play-based learning is typically the focus of curriculum and increased digital engagement by young children has caused concern among parents, educators and other key stakeholders. These concerns emanate from a belief that other activities (e.g., reading) are more constructive for young children. The purpose of this study was to describe young children’s digital tool use and engagement in digital literacy activities in the context of family life before, and as they transitioned into, kindergarten.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Boys & Girls Club Celebrity Auction Items
    2016 Boys & Girls Club Celebrity Auction Items Presented by Forward Air & Summers-Taylor Saturday, August 13, 2016 Items for Sale Listed by Category of Interest 5:30 pm Dinner & Item Preview and 6:15 pm Auction of Celebrity & Local Items Please read item description carefully and inspect the item before bidding on it. We are not responsible for any listing errors, all announcements made on the day of auction supersede listing in this program. Art, Author, Books, Cartoon & Comic Book Items 1 Andrew Zimmerman - "The Bizarre Truth" Autographed Book 2 Barbara Cartland - Autographed Picture & Lucky Gold Leaf 3 Batman & Robin - "1966 Topps" 7 Assorted Trading Cards, Donated by Josh Swatzell 4 Bobby Sherman - "Still Remembering You" Autographed Book 5 Bridget Moynahan -"The Blue Bloods Cookbook" Autographed Book 6 Catherine Coulter - "Point Blank" Autographed Book 7 Chris Noel - "Vietnam and Me" Autographed Book 8 DC Comics- Harley Quinn Wacky Wobbler Bobblehead 9 Dean Koontz- "What the Night Knows" Autographed Book 10 Debbie Macomber - "A Girl's Guide to Moving On" Autographed Book 11 Deborah Norville - "The Way We Are" Autographed Book 12 Denzel Washington - "A Hand To Guide Me" Unsigned Book 13 Marvel Comics- Spiderman Salt & Pepper Shakers 14 Meg Cabot - "Royal Wedding Disaster" Autographed Book 15 Mort Walker - Beetle Bailey Hand Drawn Autographed Drawing 16 Ron Ferdinand - “Dennis The Menace” Autographed Hand Drawn Comic Strip 17 Whoopi Goldberg - "Whoopi's Big Book of Manners" Autographed Hardback Book Baseball & Softball Items 18 Bobby
    [Show full text]
  • Toys and Games - World
    Toys and Games - World Euromonitor International : Global Market Insight April 2009 Toys and games World List of Contents and Tables Executive Briefing................................................................................................................................................... 1 State of the Market.................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chart 1 Global Presentation Slide 1 ............................................................................................... 1 Chart 2 Global Presentation Slide 2 ............................................................................................... 1 Chart 3 Global Presentation Slide 3 ............................................................................................... 2 Chart 4 Global Presentation Slide 4 ............................................................................................... 3 Chart 5 Global Presentation Slide 5 ............................................................................................... 4 Chart 6 Global Presentation Slide 6 ............................................................................................... 5 Chart 7 Global Presentation Slide 7 ............................................................................................... 6 Chart 8 Global Presentation Slide 8 ............................................................................................... 7 Chart 9 Global Presentation
    [Show full text]
  • GDP SUN 0605 Copy 8
    WWW.GWINNETTDAILYPOST.COM • SUNDAY, JUNE 5, 2011 • 1D Gwinnett Daily Post see today’s classifieds on page 3D D www.gahomesource.net gwinnettdailypost.com This Area’s Most Comprehensive Property Search Option Sunday, June 5, 2011 Search more than Featuring Real Estate in Gwinnett, Jackson, Barrow, South Hall & Walton Counties 100,000 statewide listings money like my husband did in courses like Dave Ramsey’s important to help them under- his early twenties. Every time he Financial Peace University it is stand what these items mean for took money out of the ATM he still very difficult to make a their future. For many students looked at the balance at the bot- budget, much less stick to one. credit cards are not an option tom to determine how much First, start by determining your until they are 21 due to the money he had in his account. teenager’s estimated income Credit Card Accountability, Never mind the fact that there whether that comes from a Responsibility, and Disclosure might be checks that had not steady job, an allowance, or odd Act which states that you have to cleared or any holds on the jobs he/she does. Then, sit down have an independent means of account. Believe me, it lead to an with him/her and analyze spend- income or a co-signor to be unpleasant conversation or two ing habits so that you and your approved for a credit card. when we got married when he child can set spending priorities However, it is still essential for still tried to manage our money and financial goals together.
    [Show full text]
  • THE DIGITAL CHILD at PLAY: HOW TECHNOLOGICAL, POLITICAL and COMMERCIAL RULE SYSTEMS SHAPE CHILDREN’S PLAY in VIRTUAL WORLDS By
    THE DIGITAL CHILD AT PLAY: HOW TECHNOLOGICAL, POLITICAL AND COMMERCIAL RULE SYSTEMS SHAPE CHILDREN’S PLAY IN VIRTUAL WORLDS by Sara M. Grimes MA in Communication, Simon Fraser University 2005 BA (Hons) in Communication, University of Ottawa 2003 DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the School of Communication © Sara M. Grimes SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. Approval Name: Sara M. Grimes Degree: PhD In Communication Title of Thesis: The Digital Child at Play: How Technological, Political and Commercial Rule Systems Shape Children’s Play in Virtual Worlds Examining Committee: Chair: Martin Laba Dr. Andrew Feenberg Senior Supervisor Professor ______________________________________ Dr. Richard Gruneau Supervisor Professor ______________________________________ Dr. Alissa Antle Supervisor Assistant Professor ______________________________________ James Bizzocchi Internal Examiner Assistant Professor, School of Interactive Art and Technology ______________________________________ Dr. Celia Pearce External Examiner Assistant Professor of Digital Media School of Literature, Communication & Culture Georgia Institute of Technology ______________________________________ Date Defended/Approved: May 3, 2010 ii Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users.
    [Show full text]
  • Trading Card Game Industry from the T to the C to the G
    July, 2010 Trading Card Game Industry From the T to the C to the G Contributors: Brian David-Marshall, To Be Continued LLC Joost van Dreunen, SuperData Research, Inc. Matthew Wang, To Be Continued LLC New York, 2010, Version 1.2 1 July, 2010 Introduction A trading card game is also commonly referred to This white paper describes the history, present and as a collectible card game, customizable card game, or future of trading card games, and consists of the fol- CCG. For our purposes here, we will use trading card lowing sections. Section 1 explores the main compo- game (TCG) to refer to all three varieties. In a nutshell, a nents of trading card games and define basic con- TCG combines the collectibility of trading cards with cepts. Following, section 2 presents a concise history strategic game play. on the overall industry and its larger trends. Section 3 looks at the current customer base, its core demo- Typically a player purchases a starter set, contain- graphics, secondary market and key brands. In section ing a manual and a playable deck of cards that show- 4 the overall industry's revenues, distribution model, cases the rules and mechanics of the game in an intro- current issues and opportunities, and key companies. ductory fashion. One of the biggest obstacles that faces any new TCG is the need for an opponent to truly engage in the game play as it is extremely unusual for Motivation any TCG to feature a solitaire mode. Players generally Ever since Pokémon emerged from the obscure begin playing through a friend, at a particular location hobby market to become a big box retail phenomenon, like a hobby game store that has a time and date for an Trading Card Games (TCGs) became a popular main- organized gaming opportunity that includes a tutorial stream form of entertainment.
    [Show full text]