BGC April 2021

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

BGC April 2021 Bowral Garden Club Inc. (Established in 1963) Affiliated with The Garden Clubs of Australia Inc. Patrons: Chris & Charlotte Webb OAM April 2021 Newsletter What’s on in April From the President ’m not even going to mention the 12 April (Monday) 2.00pm: I Friendship Afternoon to be held at weather, except to say, I hope you all came Mittagong R.S.L. Club. Cost: $10 through it unscathed. Speakers: Judy Horton and s well as being optimistic, we gardeners Michael from Telopia Tools A like to share. Whether it’s stories, seeds, April 17 – 18 SHBG Autumn Gardens plants, handy hints or encouragement, not weekend and Plant Fair to mention a small whinge when things April 17 – 18 The Rose Society of NSW don’t go to plan! Miniture/Miniflora Rose Show Mittagong RSL This is one reason I’m looking forward to our Friendship Afternoon on April 12th. We’ll have the opportunity to share our club activities with other clubs in the area, What’s on in May sharing our knowledge, a cuppa and informative talks. 10 May (Monday) 2.00pm: Club Meeting to be held at Mittagong Things are ramping up and we’re being R.S.L. Club. allowed more freedom which is nice. With Speaker: John Swainston – “How to the end of Daylight Saving and Easter photograph your garden”. around the corner, there seems to be a May 28 (Friday) 7.30am Coach trip to feeling of hope and optimism. I like it, and Ulladulla visiting 3 gardens. that old saying about gardening and faith, Note: This Trip is full. If you have not paid, well, my bulbs have shown their little could you do so by 10th May please. You can pay cash at the April Meeting - green heads. See Ray or post a cheque to PO Box 910 Bowral 2576 or We’re also able to conduct coach tours Bank transfer to BSB 802 101 Acc # 100009286. The cost is $45 again. And whilst the Ulladulla trip is full, bookings will soon open for our trip to Camellias-R-Us and Mother Earth Nursery on Monday 26th July. Ray also has a couple of seats left for a trip to Cowra and Surrounds on 5th – 7th May with the Australian Garden History Society and vacancies for a Car Trail on Sunday April 11, through the Southern Highlands (Self-drive). Please see attached flyers or chat to Ray at a meeting. address: P.O. Box 910, Bowral NSW 2576 Page|1 So, let’s get back to You may remember at our last meeting doing what we do Mark Massey showed us a picture of this best……having fun!! unusual plant. And may you all have a joyous and What makes this plant, and indeed all safe Easter. species of Aristolochia interesting is the intricate relationship between the flower Deb and its insect companions. The flowers smell like rotting flesh. The inside of the flower is covered in stiff hairs that capture the insect unless it leaves a load of pollen. From the Editor The hairs then relax and the insect receives a fresh dose of pollen to take to the next eah! The sun is finally shining, Daisy and I Y Dutchman’s Pipe. can get back to our morning walks and enjoy the Autumn sun. The trees are In Australia we have close relatives of changing colours and leaves are falling. Aristolochia, once included in the same Autumn in the Highlands is such a pretty genus but now called Pararistolochia. The time. Australian species are an important, but declining, food source for the larvae of the f you are like me and love your sweet peas I large birdwing butterflies. but not sure when to plant seeds then Jenny Simons from Mittagong Garden Club Aristolochia littoralis (pictured) is a has some advice for us as to when is the vigorous perennial, evergreen, twining best time to plant sweet peas in the climber with thick, heart shaped leaves Southern Highlands. and an open-mouthed tubular flower of reds, browns and greens. They attract rica Spinks shares with us her love of E insects that crawl inside these odd, dahlias and other cut flowers in the garden. hooded flowers drawn by the sweet scent. Happy Easter to all and enjoy your read! They like a humid environment but it is not essential. Roz o not plant too close to areas you spend D Plant of the Month a lot of time in though as they have a rather pungent odour - which is designed Dutchman’s Pipe (Aristolochia) to attract insects but not humans. N.B. these plants being very vigorous can become invasive and are considered a weed in Queensland. Source: http://talkingplants.blogspot.com/2010/10/dutchm ans-pipe-reasonable-outcome-of.html https://www.gardensonline.com.au/gardenshed/pl antfinder/show_825.aspx address: P.O. Box 910, Bowral NSW 2576 Page|2 Muriel’s Musings Lighting the fire those first flames uring "The wet" I’ve been going through D catching last year’s news. things and came across the following that happened a decade ago when I wrote……. Muriel I have had the happiness of having grandson Dale and Kirsten with infant When to plant Sweet peas in the great grandson staying for the weekend, Southern Highlands they had flown down from Brisbane. Before they arrived, it occurred to me that Planting sweet pea seeds in our cool they would notice a change in climate climate is better done at the end of winter, when they arrived on Friday evening so I rather than at the beginning. St Patrick’s decided to light the Ultimate heater to Day sweet pea deadline is not for us. warm the cottage. I’d had the fire set since Sweet peas planted now have a hard time the beginning of Autumn but hadn’t felt surviving in cold winters. They flourish if the need to light up until now. The family planted at the end of winter and you can were due in 3 hours’ time, so imagine my sometimes be lucky and have sweet peas concern when I lit the starter paper, candle blooming almost to Christmas. bark and twiggy bits and the numerous Jenny Simons Mittagong Garden Club envelopes when not only did the smoke pour out of the chimney it belched out of the top of the heater. I remembered that fire burns smoke so I quickly scrunched up Starting a cutting garden a couple of pages of the Herald and By Erica Spinks dropped them into the fire with a My previous garden consisted of a small successful result. There were flames and courtyard with beds around three fences no more smoke issuing, but the room was and a very large eucalyptus tree in the thick with smoke. I quickly closed the door centre. The tree had roots that spread to the kitchen I didn’t need the smoke throughout the courtyard, shaded the alarm to tell me what I already knew then whole space, and also dropped leaves opened the windows and front door while every hour of every day. It was the classic whooshing the Herald about to clear the example of a tree planted in the wrong smoke out……to little effect. Then I had a place. brilliant idea and hurriedly retrieved the pedestal electric fan, plugged it in and I wanted flowers. I had always dreamed of switched onto full bore, pointing it in the having a cutting garden, where I could direction that the smoke was the grow my favourite blooms specifically for thickest. In no time the smog was cutting and arranging in vases. So, after lifted,.pity about the smoky smell that we moved to the Southern Highlands 17 persisted so I set to work with the can of months ago and had a proper garden, I lavender bathroom freshener when my realised I could finally make that dream friend Lesley dropped in and with a come true. twinkle in her eyes, sniffed the air and said "It smells interesting, what have you been There was already a dedicated vegetable cooking this time??" bed set up in a sunny corner of the garden so I opted to turn part of that into my Can’t think of a more appropriate cutting garden. I wanted to keep it small Thought for the day than the following and simple to start so, after much Haiku…. deliberation over plant catalogues, I chose address: P.O. Box 910, Bowral NSW 2576 Page|3 nine dahlia tubers. Of those, two subsequently did not send up shoots, but Your Committee the others have thrived. President: Deb Evered 48621407 Vice-President: Maryann Hewitt 0431717634 t’s difficult to explain how much pleasure Secretary: Pam Mildwater 0402045516 I Treasurer: Sue Ciscato 48713732 those seven plants have given me. Even Membership: Sue Ciscato 48713732 though we haven’t had Public Officer: Maryann Hewitt 0431717634 as much sunshine as I Welfare Officer Maryann Hewitt 0431717634 Committee: Glenys Lilliendal, Judith Lewis, would have liked over Annette Lane, Ray Bradley the past few months, I have been rewarded with numerous flowers – some as big as my outspread hand. Dahlias are one of my What’s on….. favourite flowers and I’ll be adding more tubers to the bed later AGHS Car Trail through the this year. Southern Highlands, Sunday April 11 My next step (if the rain ever stops) is that Southern Highlands Botanic Gardens Autumn Gardens I’ll set up supports and plant sweet pea Weekend and Plant Fair Saturday seeds. One season at a time, I’ll have that 17 - Sunday 18 April 2021 9am – 4pm cutting garden I always wanted.
Recommended publications
  • Background Document: Roc: Aristolochic Acids ; 2010
    FINAL Report on Carcinogens Background Document for Aristolochic Acids September 2, 2008 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Services National Toxicology Program Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 This Page Intentionally Left Blank RoC Background Document for Aristolochic Acids FOREWORD 1 The Report on Carcinogens (RoC) is prepared in response to Section 301 of the Public 2 Health Service Act as amended. The RoC contains a list of identified substances (i) that 3 either are known to be human carcinogens or are reasonably be anticipated to be human 4 carcinogens and (ii) to which a significant number of persons residing in the United 5 States are exposed. The Secretary, Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), has 6 delegated responsibility for preparation of the RoC to the National Toxicology Program 7 (NTP), which prepares the report with assistance from other Federal health and 8 regulatory agencies and nongovernmental institutions. 9 Nominations for (1) listing a new substance, (2) reclassifying the listing status for a 10 substance already listed, or (3) removing a substance already listed in the RoC are 11 reviewed in a multi-step, scientific review process with multiple opportunities for public 12 comment. The scientific peer-review groups evaluate and make independent 13 recommendations for each nomination according to specific RoC listing criteria. This 14 background document was prepared to assist in the review of aristolochic acids. The 15 scientific information used to prepare Sections 3 through 5 of this document must come 16 from publicly available, peer-reviewed sources. Information in Sections 1 and 2, 17 including chemical and physical properties, analytical methods, production, use, and 18 occurrence may come from published and/or unpublished sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter 27
    Richmond Birdwing Conservation Network Newsletter No 27. September 2013 ISSN 1833-8674 Richmond Birdwing Conservation Network | Newsletter No 27, 2013 | Richmond Birdwing Conservation Network The Richmond Birdwing Conservation Network (RBCN) operates under the umbrella of Wildlife Queensland, publisher of this newsletter. RBCN promotes conservation of the Richmond birdwing butterfly Ornithoptera richmondia, its food plant, Pararistolochia spp. and butterfly habitats. Membership of RBCN is open to anyone interested in the Richmond birdwing butterfly or insects of conservation concern. RBCN encourages liaison between community members, catchment and landcare groups and government authorities. RBCN Committee Richard Bull [email protected] Ian Gynther [email protected] Chris Hosking [email protected] Susan Hollindale [email protected] Catherine Madden [email protected] Phil Moran [email protected] Don Sands (Chair) [email protected] Area Representatives Dale Borgelt (Brisbane Region) [email protected] Richard Bull (Gold Coast-Tamborine) [email protected] Keith McCosh (Scenic Rim) [email protected] Phil Moran (Sunshine Coast) [email protected] Why not receive your newsletter by email? If you have access to the internet, please consider receiving your newsletter in colour by email. saving on printing and postage costs. Email [email protected] to let us know your choice. Newsletter: Ewa Meyer Cover image: Pararistolochia praevenosa Photo © Paul Grimshaw Richmond Birdwing
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of the Basal Angiosperm Aristolochia Fimbriata: a Potential Experimental System for Genetic Studies Bliss Et Al
    Characterization of the basal angiosperm Aristolochia fimbriata: a potential experimental system for genetic studies Bliss et al. Bliss et al. BMC Plant Biology 2013, 13:13 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/13/13 Bliss et al. BMC Plant Biology 2013, 13:13 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/13/13 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Characterization of the basal angiosperm Aristolochia fimbriata: a potential experimental system for genetic studies Barbara J Bliss1,2*†, Stefan Wanke3†, Abdelali Barakat1,4, Saravanaraj Ayyampalayam5, Norman Wickett1,6, P Kerr Wall1,7, Yuannian Jiao1, Lena Landherr1, Paula E Ralph1,YiHu1, Christoph Neinhuis3, Jim Leebens-Mack5, Kathiravetpilla Arumuganathan8, Sandra W Clifton9,10, Siela N Maximova11, Hong Ma1,12,13 and Claude W dePamphilis1* Abstract Background: Previous studies in basal angiosperms have provided insight into the diversity within the angiosperm lineage and helped to polarize analyses of flowering plant evolution. However, there is still not an experimental system for genetic studies among basal angiosperms to facilitate comparative studies and functional investigation. It would be desirable to identify a basal angiosperm experimental system that possesses many of the features found in existing plant model systems (e.g., Arabidopsis and Oryza). Results: We have considered all basal angiosperm families for general characteristics important for experimental systems, including availability to the scientific community, growth habit, and membership in a large basal angiosperm group that displays a wide spectrum of phenotypic diversity. Most basal angiosperms are woody or aquatic, thus are not well-suited for large scale cultivation, and were excluded. We further investigated members of Aristolochiaceae for ease of culture, life cycle, genome size, and chromosome number.
    [Show full text]
  • Threats to Australia's Grazing Industries by Garden
    final report Project Code: NBP.357 Prepared by: Jenny Barker, Rod Randall,Tony Grice Co-operative Research Centre for Australian Weed Management Date published: May 2006 ISBN: 1 74036 781 2 PUBLISHED BY Meat and Livestock Australia Limited Locked Bag 991 NORTH SYDNEY NSW 2059 Weeds of the future? Threats to Australia’s grazing industries by garden plants Meat & Livestock Australia acknowledges the matching funds provided by the Australian Government to support the research and development detailed in this publication. This publication is published by Meat & Livestock Australia Limited ABN 39 081 678 364 (MLA). Care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However MLA cannot accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information or opinions contained in the publication. You should make your own enquiries before making decisions concerning your interests. Reproduction in whole or in part of this publication is prohibited without prior written consent of MLA. Weeds of the future? Threats to Australia’s grazing industries by garden plants Abstract This report identifies 281 introduced garden plants and 800 lower priority species that present a significant risk to Australia’s grazing industries should they naturalise. Of the 281 species: • Nearly all have been recorded overseas as agricultural or environmental weeds (or both); • More than one tenth (11%) have been recorded as noxious weeds overseas; • At least one third (33%) are toxic and may harm or even kill livestock; • Almost all have been commercially available in Australia in the last 20 years; • Over two thirds (70%) were still available from Australian nurseries in 2004; • Over two thirds (72%) are not currently recognised as weeds under either State or Commonwealth legislation.
    [Show full text]
  • Short Communication ARISTOLOCHIA ELEGANS MAST. (ARISTOLOCHIACEAE) - a NEW ANGIOSPERMIC RECORD for BANGLADESH
    Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 15(2): 155-158, 2008 (December) © 2008 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists - Short communication ARISTOLOCHIA ELEGANS MAST. (ARISTOLOCHIACEAE) - A NEW ANGIOSPERMIC RECORD FOR BANGLADESH 1 2 2 MD. OLIUR RAHMAN , SUMONA AFROZ AND MD. ABUL HASSAN Bangladesh National Herbarium, Chiriakhana Road, Mirpur 1 Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh Keywords: Aristolochia elegans Mast., New record, Bangladesh Aristolochia L., a member of the family Aristolochiaceae consists of about 500 species, and is distributed in tropical and temperate Asia, Africa, Europe and America (Heywood 1993). In Bangladesh, Aristolochia is represented by only three species, namely A. indica L., A. saccata Wall. and A. tagala Cham. (Hooker 1886, Prain 1903, Heinig 1925). Recently, during the course of scrutiny of Aristolochia specimens deposited at the Bangladesh National Herbarium (DACB), the authors came across three interesting specimens. After critical examination, these specimens have been identified as Aristolochia elegans Mast. It should be noted here that seeds of this species were first collected by Prof. M. Salar Khan from the Chittagong Hill Tracts area in wild state in 1995. The seeds were then sown in the Botanic Garden of the University of Dhaka; plants grew and flowered. The specimens deposited at the DACB were collected from those plants in 1997. Aristolochia elegans was not reported earlier from the territory of Bangladesh in the relevant literature of this region, viz. Hooker (1886), Prain (1903), Heinig (1925), Cowan (1928), Raizada (1941), Datta and Mitra (1953), Sinclair (1955), Khan and Afza (1968), Khan and Banu (1972), Huq and Khan (1984), Khan and Hassan (1984), Alam (1988), Khan et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Polydamas Swallowtail, Gold Rim, Tailless Swallowtail, Battus Polydamas Lucayus (Rothschild & Jordan) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Papilionidae: Troidini)1 Donald W
    EENY-062 Polydamas Swallowtail, Gold Rim, Tailless Swallowtail, Battus polydamas lucayus (Rothschild & Jordan) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Papilionidae: Troidini)1 Donald W. Hall2 Introduction The name Battus is from Battus I, founder of the ancient Greek colony Cyrenaica and its capital, Cyrene, in Africa. The Polydamas swallowtail is one of only two US swal- The specific epithet polydamas is from Polydamas, a charac- lowtails of the genus Battus. It is our only US swallowtail ter from Greek mythology (Opler and Krizek 1984). without tails (Figure 1). Larvae of the Polydamas swallowtail and those of the other swallowtails belonging to the tribe Troidini feed exclusively on plants in the genus Aristolochia and are commonly referred to as the Aristolochia swallowtails. Distribution In the United States, Battus polydamas lucayus occurs as a regular resident in peninsular Florida and the Florida Keys, and occasional strays wander to other Gulf states and as far north as Missouri and Kentucky (Scott 1986). Subspe- cies polydamas occurs in southern Texas (Figure 2) (dos Figure 1. Polydamas swallowtail (Battus polydamas lucayus [Rothschild Passos 1940). & Jordan]). Credits: Donald W. Hall, UF/IFAS Nomenclature The Polydamas swallowtail was originally described and named Papilio polydamas by Linnaeus but was later transferred to the genus Battus (Scopoli 1777) and selected as type species of the genus by Lindsey (1925). 1. This document is EENY-062, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date November 1998. Revised July 2010, August 2011, October 2015, August 2016, March 2017 and March 2020. Visit the EDIS website at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
    [Show full text]
  • Dutchman's Pipe Dutchman's Pipe
    TheThe AmericanAmerican GARDENERGARDENER® TheThe MagazineMagazine ofof thethe AAmericanmerican HorticulturalHorticultural SocietySociety July / August 2015 Spice Up Your Landscape with Fragrant Foliage Taming America’s Wild Roses Quick Fixes for Tired Gardens unusual, captivating Dutchman’s Pipe contents Volume 94, Number 4 . July / August 2015 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 MEMBERS’ FORUM 8 NEWS FROM THE AHS AHS joins national pollinator garden network, Sunset Celebration Weekend, Coalition of American Plant Societies meeting, Awards Ceremony & Banquet at River Farm, save the dates for weekend symposium at the Homestead Resort and gala at River Farm, and start saving for AHS annual seed exchange. 12 AHS MEMBERS MAKING A DIFFERENCE Betty Adelman. 42 HOMEGROWN HARVEST Tangy tomatillos. GARDEN SOLUTIONS pagepage 2020 44 Preventing the spread of sudden oak death. 46 TRAVELER’S GUIDE TO GARDENS 14 TAMING AMERICA’S WILD ROSES BY JULIE BAWDEN-DAVIS Garland Farm, Bar Harbor, Maine. Branch out from classic teas with hardy, rugged native roses. Find 48 BOOK REVIEWS recommendations for the best varieties to grow in your region. The New Shade Garden, Roses without Chemicals, and A Garden of Marvels. 20 QUICK FIXES FOR TIRED GARDENS BY CAROLE OTTESEN Special focus: Infl uential gardens and Need to spruce your garden up fast? These tips and tricks will gardeners. have it refreshed in no time. 52 GARDENER’S NOTEBOOK Flame azaleas need size-specifi c pollinators, 25 ASTOUNDING ARISTOLOCHIA BY PAUL LEE CANNON two plants make top 10 list of new species of This diverse genus of vines, commonly known as Dutchman’s the year, Chicago Horticultural Society turns pipe, bears intriguing fl owers amid lovely heart-shaped leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • WRA.Datasheet.Template
    Assessment&date&2&April&2015 Aristolochia+littoralis*Auct.+(Aristolochia+elegans+Mast.)*All*Zones Answer Score 1.01 Is&the&species&highly&domesticated? n 0 1.02 Has&the&species&become&naturalised&where&grown? 1.03 Does&the&species&have&weedy&races? 2.01 Species suited to Florida's USDA climate zones (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) North Zone: suited to Zones 8, 9 2 Central Zone: suited to Zones 9, 10 South Zone: suited to Zone 10 2.02 Quality&of&climate&match&data&(0Blow;&1Bintermediate;&2Bhigh) 2 2.03 Broad&climate&suitability&(environmental&versatility) y 1 2.04 Native or naturalized in habitats with periodic inundation North Zone: mean annual precipitation 50-70 inches y 1 Central Zone: mean annual precipitation 40-60 inches South Zone: mean annual precipitation 40-60 inches 2.05 Does&the&species&have&a&history&of&repeated&introductions&outside&its&natural&range? y 3.01 Naturalized&beyond&native&range y 2 3.02 Garden/amenity/disturbance&weed y 2 3.03 Weed&of&agriculture 3.04 Environmental&weed y 4 3.05 Congeneric&weed y 2 4.01 Produces&spines,&thorns&or&burrs n 0 4.02 Allelopathic 4.03 Parasitic n 0 4.04 Unpalatable&to&grazing&animals 4.05 Toxic&to&animals y 1 4.06 Host&for&recognised&pests&and&pathogens n 0 4.07 Causes&allergies&or&is&otherwise&toxic&to&humans y 1 4.08 Creates&a&fire&hazard&in&natural&ecosystems n 0 4.09 Is&a&shade&tolerant&plant&at&some&stage&of&its&life&cycle n 0 4.10 Grows&on&infertile&soils&(oligotrophic,&limerock,&or&excessively&draining&soils).&&North&&& y 1 Central&Zones:&infertile&soils;&South&Zone:&shallow&limerock&or&Histisols.
    [Show full text]
  • Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Australia’S Largest Subtropical Butterfly Is Threatened by a Garden Escapee from South America
    Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Australia’s largest subtropical butterfly is threatened by a garden escapee from South America. Male Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Female Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Larva Image: Elliot Bowerman Image: Richard Bull Image: Richard Bull The Butterfly Birdwing Butterfly Vine With an adult wingspan of up to 16cm the Richmond Birdwing Butterfly Image: Jasmine Connors (Ornithoptera richmondia) is one of Australia's largest butterflies. The females have a mix of dark brown or black, white, cream and yellow markings while the males have distinctive iridescent green or blue markings. Combined with their large size the males in particular are quite beautiful and striking. They are only found in the coastal and hinterland parts of South East Queensland and northern New South Wales. Due to threats from habitat destruction as well as introduction of an invasive weed species, they are now listed as a Vulnerable species in Queensland. The Birdwing Butterfly Vine The larva (caterpillar) has only two legitimate food sources, the Birdwing Birdwing Butterfly Vine Leaf Butterfly VinePararistolochia ( praevenosa) and Mountain Aristolochia Image: Jasmine Connors (Pararistolochia laheyana) at higher altitudes. These vines emit pheromones to attract the butterfly. The Birdwing Butterfly Vine has been listed as Near Threatened in Queensland. The Dutchman’s Pipe An escaped garden vine, Dutchman’s Pipe (Aristolochia elegans, also known as Birdwing Butterfly Vine Flower Aristolochia littoralis) emits an odour which also attracts the butterfly. The Image: Ian Gynther attraction is so strong that the butterfly prefers it over the Birdwing Butterfly Vine. Sadly, when eggs are laid and hatch on the Dutchman's Pipe the caterpillars are poisoned by eating the leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Aristolochia Littoralis Calico Flower Aristolociaceae
    Aristolochia littoralis Calico flower Aristolociaceae Forest Starr, Kim Starr, and Lloyd Loope United States Geological Survey--Biological Resources Division Haleakala Field Station, Maui, Hawai'i January, 2003 OVERVIEW Aristolochia littoralis, native to Brazil, is an ornamental vine cultivated in Hawai'i and other tropical areas for their colorful and unique pipe shaped flowers. A. littoralis is known to spread from initial plantings in several places where it is cultivated, including Hawai'i, Florida, South Africa, and other Pacific Islands (Foxcroft 1999, Wagner et al. 1999, PIER 2000, FLEPPC 2001). In Hawai'i, A. littoralis is naturalized on Kaua'i, O'ahu, and Maui (Wagner et al. 1999, Imada et al. 2000, Starr et al., in press). On Maui, A. littoralis is currently sparingly cultivated and was only recently documented as naturalized from a lowland site near Kipahulu. A. littoralis produces dehiscent capsules with numerous wind born seeds that readily germinate nearby plantings. Plants do spread from initial plantings, but it is uncertain if it will become a serious concern to natural areas or simply a secondary weed of lowland disturbed areas. TAXONOMY Family: Aristolochiaceae (Birthwort family) (Wagner et al. 1999). Latin name: Aristolochia littoralis Parodi (Wagner et al. 1999). Synonyms: A. elegans Mast., A. elegans Mast. var. hassleriana (Chod.) Hassl., and A. hassleriana Chod. (Brickell and Zuk 1997, Wagner et al. 1999, Wunderlin and Hansen 2000). Common names: Calico flower, dutchman's pipe, elegant dutchman's pipe (Wagner et al. 1999, Wunderlin and Hansen 2000, PIER 2000). Taxonomic notes: Aristolochiaceae is a family of plants made up of about 450 species in roughly 8-10 genera (Wagner et al.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Aristolochia Manshuriensis</I> (Aristolochiaceae)
    Plant Ecology and Evolution 154 (1): 39–48, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2021.1747 RESEARCH ARTICLE Poor fruit set due to lack of pollinators in Aristolochia manshuriensis (Aristolochiaceae) Olga V. Nakonechnaya1,*, Olga G. Koren1, Vasilii S. Sidorenko1,†, Sergey A. Shabalin1, Tatyana O. Markova1 & Alexander V. Kalachev2 1Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation 2A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation *Corresponding author: [email protected] Background and aims – Interactions of insects with trap flowers of Aristolochia manshuriensis, a relic woody liana with fragmented natural populations from south-eastern Russia, were studied. Pollination experiments were conducted to identify the causes of the poor fruit set in this plant. Material and methods – The study was carried out at two ex situ sites within the natural range of A. manshuriensis in the suburban zone of the city of Vladivostok (Russia). The floral morphology was examined to verify how it may affect the process of pollination in this species. To test for a probability of self-pollination, randomly selected flowers at the female phase of anthesis (day 1 of limb opening) were hand-pollinated with pollen from the same plant. The daily insect visitation was studied. The pollen limitation coefficient and the number of visitors to the flowers were determined. To identify insects that lay eggs on the flowers, the insects were reared from eggs collected from fallen flowers. Both caught and reared insects were identified. Key results – The floral morphology and the colour pattern ofA.
    [Show full text]
  • Aristolochia Littoralis Parodi Mily a Ort F Ort Irthw B E/ A
    Aristolochia littoralis Parodi MILY A ORT F ORT IRTHW B E/ A CE Common Name: Elegant Dutchman’s pipe; calico flower; patito species diversity” (McClymont 1998). In Australia, it “attracts A Synonymy: A. elegans Mast. egg laying by the endangered Richmond birdwing butterflies, Origin: South America Ornithoptera richmondia, but the larvae are poisoned when they feed Botanical Description: Glabrous, perennial, herbaceous vine (bases on its leaves. The introduction of this vine has been a major disaster, often woody) with distinct ear- or kidney-shaped, leafy appendages speeding the extinction process particularly in National Parks and (psuedo-stipules) clasping around the nodes; yellowish sap; bark forested areas” (Sands et al. 1997). May also be toxic to other feed- or stems often exude a harsh, acetone-like scent when scratched. ing insects (Caasi and Morallo 1999). In the Galapagos Islands, it Leaves alternate, thin, membranous, to 10 cm (4 in) long and 12 forms mats on the ground, is shade tolerant, and climbs to 10 m (33 cm (5 in) wide, heart shaped, kidney shaped, or broadly ovate, gla- ft) into native trees (C. Buddenhagen, Estacion Cientifica Charles ARISTOLOCHI brous above, glaucous below, 5 evident veins arising from point of Darwin, Pueto Ayora, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador, 2002 pers. petiole attachment, smell fetid when crushed; margins entire; peti- comm.). A special effect weed in South Africa due to its poisonous oles 2-8 cm (1-3 in) long. Flowers large, dramatic, solitary in leaf and competitive nature, it invades plantations and riverine forests axils; calyx fused into long, curved, pipe-shaped tube; tube swol- (Henderson 2001).
    [Show full text]