YorklandYorkland ControlsControls Ltd.Ltd. 20092009 BusinessBusiness ConferenceConference

TheThe StoryStory Continues……….Continues………. IsIs WirelessWireless ReadyReady forfor BuildingBuilding AutomationAutomation ??

Johnson Controls Product Sales Manager, Canada.

Joe is responsible for all Johnson Controls product sales in Canada, including all BAS, HVAC and refrigeration controls and control devices, VFD’s, fire, security and DVN systems sold through JCI Branches and independent third party channels. Joe has been in the HVAC / BAS industry since 1981 as a facilities manager, public works manager, international business manager, and as CEO of a BAS manufacturer. Joe graduated from the University of Alaska Fairbanks with a BS in Natural Resources Management. He is an ASHRAE member, and a member of the Association of Energy Engineers. OverviewOverview

¾ Introduction ¾ Wireless Technology Overview ¾ ZigBee Fieldbus ¾ System Considerations ¾ Applications ¾ Customer Benefits ¾ Questions

So, what is the attraction with wireless?… Potential Installation Savings Wireless Everywhere – Inside the Building

Customers/users are demanding seamless and ubiquitous connectivity. Voice, Data In-building wireless accessibility is a growing Building-based requirement Shared infrastructure „ Cell phones, pagers, PDAs, 2-way radios, Multiple applications wireless LAN, Wi-Fi, emergency Broadband communications, wireless building systems, clinical systems. Seamless coverage

Wireless now a priority „ Maintain competitive edge „ Improving productivity „ Facilitating collaboration „ Reducing costs Wireless Infrastructure

Mobile Access

Spot Coverage

Wireless Wireless Distribution Distribution System Active System Passive In-building Wireless Evolution

Single Offering Technology Drivers Solution Focused Discrete WiFi Security RFLS Cellular & PCS WMTS only wVoIP SMR/First Responder Distributed Antenna Lack of WiFi provider support System (DAS) Passive & Active IT decision WiMax DAS makers WiFi & Celluar 802.11n PCS Cost ↓ Spot coverage 802.11a Full-Service DAS

Time frame:2004→→ 2005 →→ 2006→→ 2007 →→ 2008 →→ Future direction Wireless Technology Overview The Wireless Landscape …

ZigBee Lite

… is still growing Technology driving Wireless Evolution Open Technology Standards

ZigBee Alliance and ASHRAE worked together to create a wireless BAS standard.

Standards Based „IEEE 802.15.4 „ZigBee® technology „ASHRAE BACnet ASHRAE SSPC 135

BACnet has been under active development since June of 1987 when the first meeting of Standard Project Committee (SPC) 135P took place at the ASHRAE Annual Meeting in Nashville, Tennessee. ASHRAE Definition of SSPC

An SSPC is charged with the maintenance and enhancement of an ASHRAE standard where it has been determined that a group of experts needs to be available to answer questions, render interpretations, and, in general, maintain a standard after it has been promulgated. This is of particular importance with a standard such as BACnet that involves a highly dynamic field, in this case computer data communications. HVACHVAC IndustryIndustry StandardsStandards

¾ Fieldbus Controllers ¾ BACnet RS485 MS/TP

¾ Proprietary ¾ LON 68% TCP/IP 1% ¾ Supervisory Controllers

LonWorks ¾ BACnet IP 6%

BACnet Other 23% 2%

“The HVAC control system shall use BACnet RS485 MS/TP

as the communication protocol for(Source: all Frost fieldbus & Sullivan, North controllers, American Building and BACnet IP for all supervisoryProtocol Analysis , controllers,2001) and shall provide full communications support for LON fieldbus controllers.” SSPC WORKING GROUPS

SSPC 135 is sub‐divided into "working groups." ‰ AP‐WG : Applications (profiles) ‰ IP‐WG : Internet Protocol (NAT / firewall issues) ‰ LA‐WG : Lighting Applications ‰ LSS‐WG : Life Safety and Security ‰ MS/TP‐WG : Master‐Slave/Token‐Passing ‰ NS‐WG : Network Security ‰ OS‐WG : Objects and Services ‰ TI‐WG : Testing and Interoperability ‰ UI‐WG : Utility Integration ‰ WN‐WG : Wireless Networking ‰ XML‐WG : XML Applications ASHRAE SSPC135 WN-WG : Wireless Networking

This group was formed to investigate the use of BACnet with wireless communication technologies. The Wireless Networking Working Group developed an addendum that tunnels BACnet over ZigBee wireless networks; it was first presented during the ASHRAE winter meeting and approved this past summer.

Addendum 135‐2004q‐3 Defines the use of ZigBee as a BACnet data link layer.

Wireless Technology Overview Wireless Technology Overview Why ZigBee? Rapidly Adopting Customer Base, Multi-sourced Chip Providers

Quickly becoming industry standard for wireless peripheral communication „ Southern California Edison will have in place 5 million ZigBee wireless nodes for electric, gas, and water utility meter reading in homes

ZigBee radios and integrated microprocessors are available from multiple vendors „ Texas Instruments™ „ Oki™ Semiconductor „ Ember™ „ Freescale™ Semiconductor

Processor Radio ZigBee and BACnet The Partnership Solidifies ZigBee in the Commercial Building Industry

“BACnet is partnering with ZigBee because we see a number of strengths by working together and creating a mutually beneficial relationship by marrying our technologies. Our teams are dedicated to working very closely to deliver long-term value for the commercial building industry.”

Bill Swan, BACnet Committee chair

Just this year, BACnet added ZigBee as it’s FIRST wireless data link! Overview of ZigBee Technology Origin Of ZigBee Name

The name ZigBee comes from the domestic honeybee, which uses a zig-zag type of dance to communicate important information to other hive members. This communications dance (the "ZigBee Principle") is what engineers are trying to emulate with this protocol -- a bunch of separate, simple organisms that join to together to tackle complex tasks. Besides all this, the name rivals Bluetooth. Overview of ZigBee Technology ZigBee Mesh – Node Types

ZigBee Mesh Networks Have 3 Types of Nodes Coordinator „ Starts the network Routers „ Creates the Mesh by routing data / BACnet messages End Devices „ Sleeping nodes „ Sensors Overview of ZigBee Technology Wireless PANs Behave Similar to Ethernet Subnet Mask Overview of ZigBee Technology Wireless PANs

Wait a second…

What if you have multiple Coordinators in close proximity operating on the same radio channel?

PANs solve this dilemma „ A Personnel Area Network is a local area network identifier that supports up to 64,000 unique addresses „ Each Coordinator Owns the PAN Wireless Field Bus System example

Wireless Field Bus „ Simple add-on hardware seamlessly enables wireless communication for standard BAS devices. „ Works with existing BACnet MS/TP field equipment controllers. No special versions of hardware are required. BAS System Architecture Using Wireless Gateway System Components

ZFR Wireless Solution Examples Fan Coil and Roof Top Controllers

ZigBee wireless technology can be used to extend wireless capability to Coordinator & Gateway BACnet over Ethernet! (WAP)

Coordinator with system Interface BACnet MS/TP Field Bus „ Provides wireless WAP between or Ethernet supervisory controller and field controllers „ BACnet Field Bus can support Ethernet simultaneous wired and wireless operation Wireless Controllers „ BACnet over Ethernet provides WAP to Used as Repeaters supervisory controller over IP.

Field Equipment Controllers With Built Wireless Mesh Enabled in ZigBee Router Controllers „ wireless interface between field controllers and supervisory controllers „ wireless mesh between field controllers

Web Enabled User Interface Frequency Band Utilization

The wireless system should not interfere with other wireless systems, and other wireless systems should not interfere with ZFR system „ uses an IEEE 802.15.4 transmitter on the 2.4G Hz operating frequency band „ No common frequencies between cell phones bands and 2.4G Hz „ Same frequency band as IEEE 802.11 WiFi, but different sized channels; ZigBee automatically selects non-overlapping, “quiet” channels (e.g. 25, 15, 20) „ Field-selectable channels are also an option, to accommodate specific requests from customers’ IT departments Wireless Field Bus Reliability

Open Systems Standards System Reliability „ Uses IEEE 802.15.4 wireless standards „ Uses mesh technology to provide reliable wireless connectivity and ZigBee® technology „ Provides wireless connectivity without the „ 2.4G Hz global, unlicensed need for any pre-existing operating frequency band wireless infrastructure „ Multi-frequency direct sequence spread- „ Creates wireless infrastructure among ZigBee System devices spectrum technology „ Automatically forming, multiple „ Promotes non-interference with transmission paths facilitate reliable, other wireless devices resilient, self-healing wireless network Mesh System Reliability

Wireless mesh network provides multiple wireless transmission paths that enhance wireless reliability. Automatically forming a resilient, self-healing, multi-hop wireless network Mesh System Reliability

Wireless mesh network provides multiple wireless transmission paths that enhance wireless reliability. Automatically forming a resilient, self-healing, multi-hop wireless network Mesh System Reliability

Wireless mesh network provides multiple wireless transmission paths that enhance wireless reliability. If a device experiences interference or drops out, the wireless data communicates over alternative, automatically-forming paths to get to target destination device. Wireless Technology Overview Channel Spacing Wireless Field Bus Reliability

Wireless field bus system should not interfere with other wireless systems, and other wireless systems should not interfere with the wireless field bus system. How do we ensure this?

„ Wireless field bus system uses small data packets „ ZigBee devices break up the data into very small data packets before transmitting „ Various wireless technologies also use small data packets, which further helps minimize the potential for interference

„ Wireless field bus system uses CSMA/CA “collision avoidance” algorithm to listen on the channel before transmitting „ Delays transmitting if it hears anyone else using the channel „ Various wireless technologies also use CSMA/CA, which further helps minimize the potential for interference

„ Wireless field bus system requires an acknowledgement from the target device, and will retry multiple times until they receive such an acknowledgement Wireless Field Bus Security

Secure wireless transmissions

„ Does not use WiFi technology, so is not part of the IT network „ Uses ZigBee technology

„ Uses the open ZigBee standard, and leverages a secure application profile and messaging within the ZigBee standard „ Prevents wireless field bus data transmissions from being interpreted by other wireless devices

„ Uses BACnet MS/TP messaging Radio Transmission Format Discussion

“the radio” – heart of the system „ broadcasts follow a “donut” shape „ Horizontal radio wave propagation „ Low power, short distance

ZFR Interference Discussion

Cellular Spot Coverage Interference Discussion

Cell Phones „ Wireless phones „ WiFi „ Speaker Systems

Cellular Spot Coverage Target Applications

Systems where traditional hardwiring is challenging, labor intensive, or aesthetically unappealing „ Structures with exposed brick or concrete walls Universities, correctional facilities „ Buildings with decorative surfaces such as marble, granite, glass, wood, mirrors Museums, convention centers „ Locations with large, open spaces Atriums, stadiums, arenas, gymnasiums, convention centers, airports, & auditoriums „ Historic buildings and sites requiring the preservation of architectural details „ Buildings that contain asbestos and other materials that cannot be disturbed Applications to Avoid

„ Applications in which use of cellular telephones or WiFi is not acceptable such as operating rooms and radiation therapy rooms „ Validated environments „ UL864 applications (smoke control)

Applications to Avoid

Applications that cannot tolerate intermittent interference in wireless conditions, including applications in which: „ Critical control features would impact life „ Operation of exhaust fans or AHUs would safety or result in large monetary loss impair a purge or pressurization mode „ Data centers, production lines, or critical „ Missing data would invalidate reporting areas would be shut down required by the customer „ Loss of critical control would result from „ Security points are monitored loss of data from humidity or temperature „ There are secondary (backup) life- sensor communications safety applications Customer Benefits

Provides application flexibility and mobility for initial installation and relocation. „ Applications with frequent changes or tenant turnover, such as office buildings, commercial real estate buildings, and retail malls Economical installations „ Superior alternative to conventional hardwiring for cost prohibitive applications, or applications that require aesthetic or historic preservation „ Applications with decorative surfaces, such as museums, historic buildings, and convention centers „ Applications with hazardous materials, such as asbestos Simplifies moves, adds, and changes „ Offers quick expansion of control capabilities in existing installations „ Minimizes disruption to building occupants. Questions?