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Home , Acer negundo, Acer nigrum, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharinum, Acer saccharum, Betula papyrifera

Sugar or hard Opposite, NYS , most common and valuable maple, maple , quality , shade etc. fall dispersal, brown and pointed. ______

black maple Aceraceae Opposite, not common in NYS but may show up in southern NYS. Similar to maple fall , buds pointed. ______

Silver maple Aceraceae Opposite, common to river bottoms and used often as a because it is fast growing. Early summer seed dispersal, buds reddish brown and rounded, similar to maple ______

Red or soft maple Aceraceae Opposite, aka maple as it is common in bottom land, late spring seed dispersal, buds red and rounded. Fast growing shade tree and “target” . ______

Box Elder or Mantoba maple Aceraceae Opposite, pinnately compound 3 to 7 leaflets, fall seed dispersal, buds bluish- white, small stems brown to green grows fast, poor form. A weed. ______

Yellow Alternate, bark yellowish exfoliating curls which wet or dry great for starting a fire. A cut stem taste and smell like wintergreen. ______

Paper birch Betulaceae Alternate, bark white with exfoliating curls, becomes black and deeply fissured on base of old . Pure stands at higher elevations of Adirondacks. ______

Gray Birch aka Brasher maple Betulaceae Alternate, bark whiteish but not often exfoliating curls, black “triangles” under branches. Common to abandon pastures, a pioneer . ______

Black Cherry serotina Alternate, underside of leave has white then orange (older) pubescence along midrib near stem. Valuable for lumber, bark has small gray to black platy scales ______

Willow

Salicaceae Salix species Alternate, over 100 species of , are common to river bottoms and wet areas. Extract of bark precursor of aspirin ______

Quaking tremuloides Alternate, stem (petioles) flattened and allow for movement in the slightest breeze. Pioneer species, fast growing. ______

Bigtooth aspen Salicaceae Alternate, edge of leaf has a “ tooth” look, attains a larger size and age than quaking aspen, bark furrowed as ages. ______

Balsam poplar, Balm of Gilead Salicaceae Alternate, larger than either quaking or bigtooth, buds are large and when crushed smells of balsam, common to wet sites ______

Eastern cottonwood Salicaceae Alternate, leaf sort of “triangular” shaped fast growing can easily reach 3 to 4 feet in diameter. Bark on older trees have thick ridges and deep furrows. ______

American Fagaceae Alternate, leaf has sharp incurved teeth at end of each vein, young or old bark is a light blue-gray, buds are pointed, often holds brown until spring. ______

American Fagaceae Castanea dentata Alternate, leaf is similar to beech except the “points” are more hooked, will often have edible nuts, once very common in northeast, resistant trees on the way. ______

White Fagaceae Quercus alba Alternate, leaf ends are not pointed, acorns an important source of foof for man and beast, white oak used for cooperage and water tight vessels. ______

Bur oak Fagaceae Quercus macrocarpa Alternate, a “white oak” with similar to alba, acorn is large and has a bur cap, adapted to poorly drained, alkaline, high clay . ______

Red oak or Northern red oak Fagaceae Quercus rubra Alternate, points on lobes of leaves, more of an “upland” oak and often found with white , an important lumber species furniture and flooring ______

Black oak Fagaceae Alternate, a common upland species in southern eastern seaboard states but range stretches into southern of and common with shortleaf pine. ______

Pin oak Fagaceae Alternate, the tree has a “spiny” appearance and range extends up Hudson valley. A common ornamental in the eastern US as it grows fast. ______

Ginkgo Ginkgoaceae Ginkgo biloba Alternate, leaf has a distinctive fan shape, tree often planted as a “street” tree. ______

White pine Pinaceae Pinus strobus 5 blue-green needles per fascicles about 2 to 3 inches long, largest conifer in the northeast, common, bark green when young and furrowed gray when older, many prefer the lumber ______

Jack pine Pinaceae Pinus banksiana 2 needles per fascicles about 1 inch long, produces 2 to 3 whorls of lateral branches per creating an irregular crown, rare, cone requires fire to open ______

Red pine or pine Pinaceae Pinus resinosa 2 very long needles per fascicles up to 6 inch long, often used in where it grows straight, prefers sandy, light soils, bark has slight orange-red, flat plates ______

Pitch pine Pinaceae Pinus banksiana 3 needles per fascicles 3 to 5 inches long, produces 2 to 3 whorls of lateral branches per year and unusual for a pine will sprout ______

Scotch Pine Pinaceae Pinus sylvestris 2 (3) needles per fascicles 1 to 3 inches long, bark is an orange flake color but turns to a furrowed gray as it ages, orange can be seen on upper branches. ______

Tamarack or Pinaceae Multiple needles that drop in the fall, common to wet areas, cones are small, varieties can be found in plantations and as an ornamental. ______

Red Pinaceae Picea ruben Needles ½ to 5/8” long bunched all the way around the most pubescent twig of the eastern , generally an upland species, back like black cherry ______

Black spruce Pinaceae Needles slightly shorter than red spruce, most often found in wet areas, and is VERY slow growing, cones purplish. ______

White spruce or cat spruce Pinaceae Needles about ½” long and tend to crowd the upper side of the twig, more common north of NYS, crushed needles have a strong cat urine smell, ornamental. ______

Blue spruce Pinaceae Picea pungens Needles about an inch long and VERY sharp and often have a light blue color, will usually also smell like cat urine, a common ornamental, cones 2 to 4” long. ______

Norway spruce Pinaceae Picea abies Needles ½ to ¾ inches long and tend to crowd the upper side of the twig, a common ornamental and species, cones VERY long 4 to 7” long. ______

Eastern hemlock Pinaceae canadensis Needles short at about ½ inch long and flat, yellow-green with 2 white stripes underneath, fresh cut bark shows purple streaks. ______

Douglas- Pinaceae Pseudotsuga menziesii Needles flattened 3/4 to 1-1/4 inches long and to be in pairs, tangerine like odor to crushed needles, a western species used in plantations and as an ornamental. ______

Balsam fir Pinaceae Flattened needles ¾ to 1 ½ inches long, dark green on top and silvery banded below, favored Christmas tree for odor, bark smooth green on young turning gray with blisters. ______

White fir Pinaceae Abies concolor Silvery blue-green flattened needles 2 to 3 inches long with a blunt tip, citrus smell if crushed, bark smooth with resin pockets on young trees, common Christmas tree and ornamental. ______

Northern white cedar Cupressaceae Thuja occidentalis Leaf a flat series of green scales with shoots about a ½ inch long, cones small, bark fibrous grayish brown. Common ornamental, aka arborvitae. ______

Eastern red cedar Cupressaceae Juniperus virginiana Scale and needles in threes, pointed on young growth and scale like on older growth, bark like white cedar often ashy gray, gin from “berries”, common ornamental. ______

Black walnut Juglandaceae nigra Alternate, compound 12 to 24 inches long with 9 to 23 leaflets, husk round, shell corrugated, edible, lumber highly prized for fine furniture and gun stocks. ______

White walnut or Butternut Juglandaceae Alternate, compound 15 to 24 inches long with 11 to 17 leaflets, husk football shaped, sticky, shell rugose (wrinkled), edible. ______

Shagbark Juglandaceae Carya ovata Alternate, pinnately compound with 5 to 7 leaflets 8 to 14 inches long, husk is nearly round, edible, bark is distinctive. ______

Bitternut hickory Juglandaceae Carya cordiformis Alternate, compound with 7 to 11 leaflets, nuts roundish, smooth with four sutures (seams), used for handles and very long burning. ______

Tulip poplar, Yellow-poplar, Tulip tree Magnoliaceae tulipifera Alternate, distinctive 4 lobed leaf shape 4 to 6 inches long.

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Cucumbertree or Cucumber magnolia Magnoliaceae Magnolia acuminata Leaves 4 to 10 inches long by 3 to 6 inches wide, has distinctive yellow found in western NY along Lake Erie and . ______

Sycamore or American planetree Platanaceae Platanus occidentalis The largest eastern , leaf resembles maple but tree has molted, flaky bark that has the look of camouflage, ornamental. ______

Sweetgum Hamamelidaceae Leaves alternate 3 to 7 inches in diameter palmately 5 to 7 lobes. ______

Honeylocust Caesalpiniaceae Gleditsia triacanthos Leaves double pinnately compound, has thorns and 6 to 8 inch red-brown seed pods, an common ornamental ______

Black Locust Fabaceae Robinia pseudoacacia Leaves pinnately compound 8 to 14 inches long, has short spines (thorns), bark black and deeply furrowed and poisonous, long lasting, used for posts ______

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American Ulmaceae Leaves have a sand papery feel, tree shape is distinctive, suffers from Dutch Elm Disease, common ornamental. ______

American basswood or Linden Tiliaceae americana Leaves came be very large, 5 to 6 inches long by 3 to 4 inches wide, buds reddish-brown and “mitten” shaped, a great carving wood. ______

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White and Black ash americana – white – black Leaves similar, pinnately compound 8 to 12 inches long with 5 to 9 (7 for white and 9 for black) leaflets, white prefers upland, black prefers wet, black used by native americans for baskets. ______