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An Analysis of Prejudice and Discrimination in American History X (1998) Film

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An Analysis of Prejudice and Discrimination in American History X (1998) Film AN ANALYSIS OF PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION IN AMERICAN HISTORY X (1998) FILM A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Strata One (S1) Muhammad Aji Akasyah 109026000105 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTEMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2014 M/1435 H ABSTRACT Muhammad Aji Akasyah, An Analysis of Prejudice and Discrimination in American History X (1998) Film, Thesis: English Letters Department, Adab and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah. Jakarta, 2014. This reseach studies about American History X film directed by David McKeena on 1998. The analysis is aimed to find out how prejudice and discrimination issues and the relationship between prejudice and discrimination is described through theories of Prejudice and Discrimination by analyzing the characters. From the analysis, there are several characters involved in act of prejudice and discrimination. After that, it can be concluded that there are two forms of the relationship between prejudice and discrimination. There are prejudice that does not lead into discrimination and prejudice that leads into discrimination. i APPROVEMENT AN ANALYSIS OF PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION IN AMERICAN HISTORY X (1998) FILM A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Strata One (S1) MUHAMMAD AJI AKASYAH 109026000105 Approved by: Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd NIP. 19640710 199303 1 006 (Day/Date: ) ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2014 ii LEGALIZATION Name : Muhammad Aji Akasyah NIM : 109026000105 Title :An Analysis of Prejudice and Discrimination in American History X (1998) Film The thesis entitled above has been defended before the Letters and Humanities Faculty’s Examination Comittee onApril 3rd, 2014. It has already been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of strata one. Jakarta, April 3rd, 2014 Examination Committee Signature Date 1. Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd. (Chair Person) ____________ _________ 19640710 199303 1 006 2. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum. (Secretary) ____________ _________ 19781003 200112 2 002 3. Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd. (Advisor) ____________ _________ 19640710 199303 1 006 4. Inayatul Chusna, M.Hum. (Examiner I) ____________ _________ 19780126 200312 2 002 5. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum. (Examiner II) ____________ _________ 19781003 200112 2 002 iii DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief. It contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. Jakarta, April 2014 Muhammad Aji Akasyah iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT In the name of Allah SWT, The most merciful and our beloved prophet Muhammad SAW for peace and blessing. My appreciation in the first place goes to my advisor, Maria Ulfa, M. A, M. Hum, for her guidance, support, encouragement, and thought in finishing this thesis. Many people have helped me in different ways to complete this work. I would like to thank, particulary, Dr. H. Abdul Wahid Hasyim, MA, the Dean of the Faculty of Adab and Humanities, Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd. the Head of the English Letters Department, Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum, the Secretary of the English Letters Department. In addition, the writer`s appreciation also goes toInayatul Chusna, M.Hum., Arif Rahman Hakim M.Hum., and alllecturers of English Letters Department, who have taught, inspired and educated the writer during his studying at campus. The most appreciation goes to my parents, Asmad Effendi and Romlah. This thesis and all of my work are dedicated to both of them. Their guidance, advice, prays, and supports are irreplaceable and unchangeable through the time. I love you both so much. Moreover, I also would like to thank to my brothers and sisters, Lia, Iqbal, Iqdam, Kheny, and Tia for their support, help, and sharing time. Another best gratitude goes to all my classmates in C class: Gita, Topik, Heri, Chris, Kos, Yudaris, Yan, Agus, Yudhi (Mamat), Hafid, Ai, Icha, Erna, Dwi, Kiki, Ninu, Tiara, Zata, Talitha, Sri, Chusna, Dini and other friends who v can`t be mentioned one by one here. Next, my classmates in literature class: Andra, Ipin, Agung, Mugni, Suyuti, Vanda, Sapta, Kiput, Aida, Emil, Riri, Isti, Iis, Nenden, Syifa, Nanda, and all friends who can`t be listed in this paper. Then, The Bohemians: Gusti, Hakim, Icul. KKN BETA family: Panji, Aponk, Yopie, Icha, Ruhi, Kiki.My Brothers in Arms; Fian, Ludi, Ilham, Faisal, Harris, Oki. After that, goes to the best foreigner teachers; Mr. Kim Caula and Mr. Khadri Fadzil Rahman. Thank you very much for sharing your support, motivation, thought, laught, and joy. And my last praise goes to you. You are the biggest part of my support system. You have give me so much more than I could ever dreamed, your time, joy, and kindness. Thank you for giving me some memorable songs and I will always remember your beautiful voice when you are singing. Thank you for not turning away when things get uncomfortable. Thank you for caring and loving me. Thank you for everything that you have given me. Thank you for being my happiness, dear. You are the very best God’s gift to me, thank you very much. Finally, I hope this paper will be useful and also can give a lot of benefit for students of English Letters Department who want to do the further research about Prejudice and Discrimination. And I realize that this paper is far from being perfect, therefore it is really a pleasure for me to receive some suggestions and critics. Jakarta, March 2014 M.A.A vi TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... i APPROVEMENT ............................................................................................. ii LEGALIZATION ............................................................................................. iii DECLARATION ............................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................. v TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. viii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of Study ................................................ 1 B. Focus of Study .......................................................... 6 C. Research Question ..................................................... 6 D. Significance of the Study .......................................... 6 E. Research Methodology.............................................. 7 1. Objectives of the Study ....................................... 7 2. Method of Research ............................................ 7 3. Technique of Data Analysis ................................ 8 4. Instrument of Research ....................................... 9 5. Unit of Analysis .................................................. 9 F. Time and Place .......................................................... 9 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK A. Film Theory ............................................................... 10 1. Character and Characterization Theory .............. 11 vii 2. Prejudice and Discrimination Theory ................. 17 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDING A. Characters Identification ........................................... 23 B. American History X, Prejudice, and Discrimination 25 C. The Relation of Prejudice and Discrimination ......... 42 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS A. Conclusions ............................................................. 45 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 48 viii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of Study Humans usually deal with problems in social life, such as prejudice and discrimination. Prejudice and discrimination are two things which have relevance. Both of these can be detrimental to the growth, development, or even integrated in society, from a small occurrence that only involves two individuals to moreextend involving group or even a region. This also accompanied by acts of violence which are very harmful and destructive. Prejudice and discrimination is a complex and a huge problem in social phenomena from the past until this time. First known use of word prejudice was in 13th century1 and discrimination was in 1648.2 The first example is the negative stereotypes and prejudices against Muslims fuelling discrimination especially in education and employment. Muslim women in Europe are being denied jobs and girls prevented from attending regular classes just because they wear traditional forms of dress, such as the headscarf, Men can be dismissed for wearing beards associated with Islam.3 Another example a case of discrimination is Indonesia’s health services. As we can see on the news, many poor people who cannot get health care because of their lack of funds, though they have Jamkesda card. Many 1 “Prejudice,” http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prejudiceAccessed on September, 25th2013 at 17:38 2 “Discrimination,” http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/discrimination Accessed on September, 4th 2013 at 20:50 3 “Muslim Discriminated
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