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s\ — IIINMNIIIINIIIINIIIIIIIII OJII Eur°Pean Patent Office <*S Office europeen des brevets (11) EP 0 942 006 A2 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) int. CI.6: C08F 4/602, C08F 4/606, 15.09.1999 Bulletin 1999/37 C08F 10/00 (21) Application number: 99301730.0 (22) Date of filing: 08.03.1999 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES Fl FR GB GR IE IT LI LU • Yamada, Satoru MC NL PT SE Mie-gun, Mie (JP) Designated Extension States: • Yano, Akihiro AL LT LV MK RO SI Yokkaichi-shi, Mie (JP) (30) Priority: 09.03.1998 J P 5658598 (74) Representative: 1 1 .01 .1 999 JP 380399 Kearney, Kevin David Nicholas et al KILBURN & STRODE (71 ) Applicant: TOSOH CORPORATION 20 Red Lion Street Shinnanyo-shi, Yamaguchi-ken (JP) London, WC1 R 4PJ (GB) (54) Catalyst for olefin polymer production and process for olefin polymer production employing the catalyst (57) A novel catalyst for olefin polymerization is pro- vided which comprises [A] a metallocene compound containing a transition metal selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 of Periodic Table, [B] a reaction product of topotactic reduction by electron transfer, and [C] an organoaluminum compound. The catalyst may contain additionally [D] an organoalkaline earth metal com- pound or an organozinc compound. This catalyst has high catalytic activity for olefin polymerization without employing an expensive catalyst component. CM < CO o o CM <7> O Q_ LU Printed by Xerox (UK) Business Services 2.16.7/3.6 EP 0 942 006 A2 Description Background of the Invention: 5 Field of the Invention: [0001 ] The present invention relates to a catalyst for olefin polymer production comprising a metallocene compound, a reaction product of topotactic reduction by electron transfer, and an organoaluminum compound, and a process for producing an olefin polymer employing the catalyst. 10 [0002] The present invention relates also to a catalyst for olefin polymer production comprising a metallocene com- pound, a product of a topotactic reduction reaction by electron transfer, an organoaluminum compound, and organoal- kaline earth metal compound or an organozinc compound, and a process for producing an olefin polymer employing the catalyst. 15 Description of the Related Art: [0003] A catalyst composed of a metallocene compound and an organoaluminum compound, and another catalyst composed of a metallocene compound, an organoaluminum compound, and an organomagnesium compound are dis- closed as the catalyst for producing an olefin polymer (JP-A-3-197513, and JP-A-3-290408). However, these catalysts 20 are not satisfactory in the catalyst activity. [0004] Active catalysts for olefin polymer production are disclosed which are composed of a metallocene compound and a methylaluminoxane (JP-A-58-19309, and JP-A-60-35007). These catalyst employs a large amount of expensive aluminoxane to produce a polymer having industrially useful properties, which causes problems of high catalyst cost and residual aluminum. 25 [0005] Highly active olefin polymerization catalysts not containing the methylaluminoxane are disclosed which com- prises a metallocene compound, a boron compound, and an organoaluminum compound (Kohyo 1-501950, and Kohyo 1-502036). However, the boron compound for this catalyst is complicated and expensive, disadvantageously. Summary of the Invention: 30 [0006] The present invention intends to solve the above technical problems, and to provide a catalyst for olefin poly- mer production with high catalyst activity without using an expensive catalyst component. The present invention pro- vides also a process for producing an olefin polymer with the catalyst. [0007] The olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention comprises [A] a metallocene compound containing 35 a transition metal selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 of Periodic Table, [B] a reaction product of topotactic reduction with electron transfer, and [C] an organoaluminum compound. [0008] The olefin polymerization catalyst of another embodiment of the present invention comprises [A] a metallocene compound containing a transition metal selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 of Periodic Table, [B] a reaction product of topotactic reduction by electron transfer, [C] an organoaluminum compound, and [D] an organoalkaline earth metal 40 compound or an organozinc compound. [0009] The process for producing an olefin polymer of the present invention uses the above catalyst. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment: 45 [0010] The topotactic reduction with electron transfer in the present invention is a reaction, as defined by R.Scholl- horn: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng., 19, 983-1003 (1980), in which a host compound is reduced by electrons and guesto cations are introduced into vacant lattice sites of the host compound to balance the electric charges without change of the structure and composition of the host compound by the reaction. This reaction is represented by General Formula (35) below: 50 xE+ + xe + n[Q] -> (E+)X[Q]X" (35) where [Q] is the host compound, □ is a vacant lattice site of [Q], e" is an electron, x is a number of reduction, and E+ is a monovalent guest cation. 55 [001 1 ] The component [B] in the present invention is a reaction product of the above electron-transferring topotactic reduction, and is represented by General Formula (36): En+(k/n)(L2)h[Q]k" (36) 2 EP 0 942 006 A2 where [Q] is a host compound, k is a number of reduction, En+ is an n-valent guest cation, L2 is a Lewis base, and h is a number of the Lewis base. [0012] The host compound [Q] includes host compounds of three-dimensional structure, host compounds of two- dimensional structure, host compounds of one-dimensional structure, and host compounds of a molecular solid. 5 [0013] The host compounds of three-dimensional structure include hexamolybdenum octasulfide, hexamolybdenum octaselenide, trimolybdenum tetrasulfide, trititanium tetrasulfide, hexatitanium octaselenide, triniobium tetrasulfide, hexavanadium octasulfide, pentavanadium octasulfide, divanadium pentaoxide, tungsten trioxide, titanium dioxide, vanadium dioxide, chromium dioxide, manganese dioxide, tungsten dioxide, ruthenium dioxide, osmium dioxide, and iridium dioxide. 10 [0014] The host compounds of two-dimensional structure include titanium disulfide, zirconium disulfide, hafnium disulfide, vanadium disulfide, niobium disulfide, tantalum disulfide, chromium disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, rhenium disulfide, platinum disulfide, tin disulfide, lead disulfide, titanium diselenide, zirconium diselenide, haf- nium diselenide, vanadium diselenide, niobium diselenide, tantalum diselenide, chromium diselenide, molybdenum dis- elenide, tungsten diselenide, rhenium diselenide, platinum diselenide, tin diselenide, lead diselenide, titanium 15 ditelluride, zirconium ditelluride, hafnium ditelluride, vanadium ditelluride, niobium ditelluride, tantalum ditelluride, chro- mium ditelluride, molybdenum ditelluride, tungsten ditelluride, rhenium ditelluride, platinum ditelluride, tin ditelluride, lead ditelluride, magnesium phosphorus trisulf ide, calcium phosphorus trisulf ide, vanadium phosphorus trisulf ide, man- ganese phosphorus trisulfide, iron phosphorus trisulfide, cobalt phosphorus trisulfide, nickel phosphorus trisulfide, pal- ladium phosphorus trisulfide, zinc phosphorus trisulfide, cadmium phosphorus trisulfide, mercury phosphorus trisulfide, 20 tin phosphorus trisulfide, magnesium phosphorus triselenide, calcium phosphorus triselenide, vanadium phosphorus triselenide, manganese phosphorus triselenide, iron phosphorus triselenide, cobalt phosphorus triselenide, nickel phosphorus triselenide, palladium phosphorus triselenide, zinc phosphorus triselenide, cadmium phosphorus trisele- nide, mercury phosphorus triselenide, tin phosphorus triselenide, chromium phosphorus tetrasulfide, tantalum sulfide carbide, molybdenum trioxide, octadecamolybdenum dopentacontaoxide (18-molubdenum 52-oxide), divanadium pen- 25 taoxide gel, iron oxychloride, titanium oxychloride, vanadium oxychloride, chromium oxychloride, aluminum oxychloride, bismuth oxychloride, a-zirconium nitride chloride, p-zirconium nitride chloride, a-zirconium nitride bromide, p-zirconium nitride bromide, zirconium nitride iodide, titanium nitride chloride, titanium nitride bromide, titanium nitride iodide, graph- ite, and polyacene. [0015] The host compounds of one-dimensional structure include titanium trisulfide, niobium triselenide, potassium 30 iron disulfide, polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(p-phenylene), poly(triphenylene), polyazu- lene, polyfluorene, polynaphthalene, polyanthracene, polyfuran, polycarbazole, tetrathiafluvalene-substituted polysty- rene, ferrocene-substituted polyethylene, carbazole-substituted polyethylene, and polyoxyphenazine. [0016] The host compounds of a molecular solid include tetracyanoquinodimethane, and tetrathiafluvalene. [001 7] The host compound [Q] may be a mixture of two or more of the above host compounds. 35 [0018] The number of reduction, k, is preferably in the range of 0 < k <, 3, more preferably 0 < k <, 2 for high catalytic activity for olefin polymerization, but is not specially limited thereto. [0019] The Lewis base or a cyclopentadienyl group, L2, may be the one capable of coordinating with En+. The Lewis base includes water, amine compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds; ethers such as ethyl ether and n-butyl ether; amides such asformamide, N-methylformamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N-methylacetamide;
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    LTS Research Laboratories, Inc. Safety Data Sheet Rhenium Sulfide ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 1. Product and Company Identification ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Trade Name: Rhenium Sulfide Chemical Formula: ReS2 Recommended Use: Scientific research and development Manufacturer/Supplier: LTS Research Laboratories, Inc. Street: 37 Ramland Road City: Orangeburg State: New York Zip Code: 10962 Country: USA Tel #: 855-587-2436 / 855-lts-chem 24-Hour Emergency Contact: 800-424-9300 (US & Canada) +1-703-527-3887 (International) ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 2. Hazards Identification ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Signal Word: None Hazard Statements: None Precautionary Statements: None HMIS Health Ratings (0-4): Health: 1 Flammability: 0 Physical: 1 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 3. Composition ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Chemical Family: Ceramic Additional Names: Rhenium (IV) sulfide, Rhenium disulfide Rhenium Sulfide (ReS2): Percentage: 100 wt% CAS #: 12038-63-0 EC #: 234-873-3 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 4. First Aid Procedures –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
  • Magnetic Field Enhanced Superconductivity in Epitaxial Thin Film Wte2

    Magnetic Field Enhanced Superconductivity in Epitaxial Thin Film Wte2

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Magnetic Field Enhanced Superconductivity in Epitaxial Thin Film WTe2. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1642v6qf Journal Scientific reports, 8(1) ISSN 2045-2322 Authors Asaba, Tomoya Wang, Yongjie Li, Gang et al. Publication Date 2018-04-25 DOI 10.1038/s41598-018-24736-x Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Magnetic Field Enhanced Superconductivity in Epitaxial Thin Film WTe2 Received: 13 December 2017 Tomoya Asaba1, Yongjie Wang 2, Gang Li 1, Ziji Xiang1, Colin Tinsman1, Lu Chen1, Accepted: 5 April 2018 Shangnan Zhou1, Songrui Zhao2, David Laleyan2, Yi Li3, Zetian Mi2 & Lu Li 1 Published: xx xx xxxx In conventional superconductors an external magnetic feld generally suppresses superconductivity. This results from a simple thermodynamic competition of the superconducting and magnetic free energies. In this study, we report the unconventional features in the superconducting epitaxial thin flm tungsten telluride (WTe2). Measuring the electrical transport properties of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) grown WTe2 thin flms with a high precision rotation stage, we map the upper critical feld Hc2 at diferent temperatures T. We observe the superconducting transition temperature Tc is enhanced by in-plane magnetic felds. The upper critical feld Hc2 is observed to establish an unconventional non- monotonic dependence on temperature. We suggest that this unconventional feature is due to the lifting of inversion symmetry, which leads to the enhancement of Hc2 in Ising superconductors. Superconductivity generally competes with magnetic felds. Based on thermodynamics, an applied magnetic feld usually suppresses superconductivity by destroying the underlying electron pairing in the superconducting state1.