Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
KARLOVARSKÝ REGION
With its mixed ethnicities and roots dating back to the Middle Ages, the Karlovarský Region is a representative of the Czech bor- (NUTS 2) Upper Palatinate and CR (less than 18% of total area). derland. After the historical boom Upper Franconia in the west and of non-iron ore mining faded out The Karlovarský Region is com- Saxony in the north. These bor- and the industrial revolution ca- posed of three districts (Cheb, ders make up over half the total me, the Region diversified into Karlovy Vary and Sokolov). It has border length of the Re gion. The a number of industries such as 132 municipalities with an avera- Ústecký and Plzeňský Regions glass and ceramics making, texti- ge area of 25.1 km2 and an ave- are the Karlovarský Region's eas- le production, engineering, and rage population of 2 305. The num- tern and southern neighbours, res- kaolin and lignite mining. Before bers of municipalities and of dis- pectively. The Region is one of the World War II, these activities we- tricts are the smallest of all the Czech regions whose shortest re expanded by a wider use of regions. The town of Karlovy Vary connection to Prague crosses two mineral water springs accompa- is the Region's capital. It is the other regions (Plzeňský or Ústec- largest municipality where 17% of nied by the development of bal- ký and Středočeský). It covers neology. Today, some of the bal- 2 the population live. Municipalities 3 314 km , 4% of the total area of neological centres of that time do 2 with up to 500 inhabitants, where the Czech Republic. Its 1 428 km not exist any longer (Kyselka, Pra- 5% of the population live, account of woodland translates into 43% meny, Velichov, etc.). The oldest for 46%. About 14% and 44% of afforestation, almost 1.3 times the and largest remained, however, the population live in municipali- CR's average, which is the se- and in nationwide awareness they ties with up to 2 000 and to cond largest afforestation in the 10 000 inhabitants, respectively. are still a dominant of the Region CR’s regions (second to the Libe- (Karlovy Vary, Mariánské lázně, recký Region). It is also the only There 7 administrative territories Františkovy lázně, Jáchymov). region whose area of agricultural of municipalities with extended The Karlovarský Region is the wes- land is smaller than that of wood- powers in the Region, whose ternmost and the third smallest land. The percentage of arable areas ranges from 140 km2 to region of the Czech Republic. It bor- land does not even reach half of 1 200 km2 and the population ders on German Bavarian regions the CR's average percentage and from 14 thousand to 90 thousand. is the smallest of all regions of the Selection of topical indicators Number of inhabitants (31.12.2004) 304,588 Average monthly gross wage (2004)4 15,415 Foreigners with long-term stay1 5,897 Unemployment rate based on LFS (%, 2004) 9.4 incl. Foreigners with permanent residence 8,828 Primary 2.9 Employement Number of municipalities / towns (31.12.2004) 132 / 28 Secondary 43.1 in sectors (%, 2004) Population living in the regional capital (%) 16.9 Tertiary 54.0 Live-born children outside marriage (%, 2004) 47.6 Completed dwellings, total (2004) 503 Population with males 7.6 incl. Dwellings in family houses (%) 50.5 university education2 (2004) females 5.7 Guests in accommodation establishments, total (2004) 564,543 Economically active population (2004) 157,579 incl. Foreign nationals (%) 68.5 incl. Employers or own-account workers (%) 14.9 GDP per capita (Purchasing power parity, 2003) 12,716 males 70.6 Gross fixed capital formation per capita (in CZK, 2003) 50,986 Economic activity rate (2004)3 females 53.0 Net disposable income of households per capita (CZK, 2003) 113,592 1 Foreigners with visas over 90 days 2 Related to population aged 15+ 3 Share (%) of economically active persons from total population aged 15+ 4 in CZK, per employee in national economy (excluding armed forces), enterprise method (i.e. by head office of enterprise)
74 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Demography and social life - region compared with the Czech Republic
ds PC linked to Internet (%) 15,9 ent
pm PC (%) 21,9 househol Equi Fixed telephone line (%) 60,7 of
re Beds (social care establihments) per 1000 inhab. 8,1 tu c al i
tru Hospital beds per 1000 inhab. 5,6 s Soc fra
n Population per 1 physician
i 277,5
Young unemployment rate (<25years) 13,8
Unemployment rate (LFS) 6,4 ogy al i Registered crimes per 1000 inhab. 34,8 hol 5,0 Soc
pat Infant mortality (in 000)
Abortions per 100 live-born children 60,7 Lone-parent households (%)** 15,7 ds ouse- hol
H Average no. of members in household** 2,28
Participation in tertiary education* 24,6 on i Edu- cat with GCSE or university (%)*** 36,5 Index (Czech Rep.=100) aged 65+ (%) 12,2 n e o i up to 25 years (%) 30,4 ur at ct u r Urban population (%) 80,9 st
Popul 91,8 Population density (inhab/sq.km)
70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Note. Fiigures in graph (beside bars) express value of indicator (in region), x-axis relation of this value to national level. * Share (%) of students aged 20-24 in total population aged 20-24 ** From Population census 2001 (all indicators in graph refer to 2003, expect for abortions and infant mortality which refer to 2001-2003) *** related to total population aged 15+
75 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Population and vital statistics:1993/2003 Region and is lower than in the Population, 31 December1993 304,733 whole of the CR. Live births (average for 1994-1998) 2,996 The Region invariably occupies Deaths (average for 1994-1998) 3,001 the first place in the number of Net migration (average for 1994-1998) 25 children born per 1 000 populati- Population, 31 December 1998 304,831 on. It still maintains its birth rate above the nationwide average, but Live births (average for 1999-2003) 2,887 the difference becomes smaller Deaths (average for 1999-2003) 2,989 with time. The number of extra- Net migration (average for 1999-2003) -21 marital births is very high: as high Population, 31 December 2003 304,249 as 39.2% of all live births in the year 2003. Abortions drops in num- A ge distribution of the population: 31 December 2003 ber year by year. The year 2003 saw only 59% of the abortions Total Total Men Women Age recorded in the year 1993. The Thous. % % % Region’s crude death rate is the last item of the country’s ranking 0 - 14 48.4 15.9 16.8 15.1 of regions. In the year 2002, the 15 - 24 42.9 14.1 14.7 13.6 natural increase in the population 25 - 39 71.5 23.5 24.3 22.7 was even positive. While the Re- 40 - 54 66.2 21.8 22.3 21.2 gion was losing its population due 55 - 64 37.7 12.4 12.0 12.8 to migration in 2000 and 2001, it 65 - 37.5 12.3 9.9 14.6 has been recording positive mig- Total 304.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 ration since 2002. The number of marriages is on the decrease, which The Region is well known for its year 2002. This trend continued reflects in the rising number of traditional production industries: in the year 2003 too. The age dis- extramarital births. While the Re- porcelain, glass, musical instru- tribution of the population is cha- gion’s divorce rate is steadily abo- ments, manufacture of textile and racterized by a low representation ve the national average during the clothing. It has large mineral re- of population aged 65+ and a high 90s, it did drop there as distingui- sources, many natural curative re- proportion of children aged 0-14. shed from most of the regions of sources, a high concentration of The proportion of the latter in the the country where the rate grew. health resorts and centres of tou- year 2003 was 15.9% and though rism, and no large industrial zones. decreasing it placed the Region Symbiosis of balneology and It participates in a number of com- among the country’s regions with coal mining mon cross-border projects Eure- the highest proportion of this po- gio Egrensis. The age structure of pulation component. On the other The Karlovarský Region has a spe- the population is favourable, but the hand, the Region’s proportion of cific character which differs it from proportion of its low skilled labour the population aged 65+ is the all the other regions. It has the se- is high. Despite being close to the lowest of all the other regions. cond smallest area, fewest inha- German motorway network, it has While the dependency ratio, which bitants, the second largest wood- no direct motorway connection is the number of persons aged land, the smallest proportion of with it. 65+ per 100 children aged 0-14, arable land and no small and he- is on the increase, it is far from terogeneous natural resources such reaching the country’s value (CR as mineral and curative waters, A small proportion of the oldest – 91.6, Region – 77.5). The index lignite deposits easy to access, After seven years of annual decli- of economic burden (the number already small deposits of metal nes in the population, the number of person aged 0-14 + persons ores and uraninite, and deposits of inhabitants increased in the aged 65+ per 100 persons aged of kaolin and ceramic clays. All Karlovarský Region again in the 15-64) slightly decreases in the this has exercised a principal influ-
Significant employers: by head office of enterprise, 2003 Name Head Office Activity No. of workers Sokolovská uhelná, a.s. Sokolov Coal mining > 5 000 Karlovarský porcelán, a.s. Karlovy Vary Manufacture of porcelain products > 1 500 WITTE Nejdek, s.r.o. Nejdek Manufacture of fabricated metal products > 1 000 AMATI - Denak, s.r.o. Kraslice Manufacture of musical instruments > 500 Eastman Sokolov, a.s. Sokolov Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products > 500 GR electronic, s.r.o. Hranice Manufacture of parts and accessories for motor vehicles > 500 Imperial Karlovy Vary, a.s. Karlovy Vary Health care > 500 Léčebné lázně Mariánské Lázně, a.s. Mariánské Lázně Health care > 500 Nemocnice Karlovy Vary Karlovy Vary Health care > 500 Nemocnice v Chebu Cheb Health care > 500
76 North-west cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Total population - development in region and CR (31 Decemeber)
5 Total population /Karlovarský Region/ 305,5 Population increase /Czech Republic/ Population increase /Karlovarský Region/ 4 305,0 )
3 inhab.
. 304,5 ) . hous
t 2 hous t per 304,0 l ( ( a e t t o a
r 1 h in t
owt 303,5 ion, 0 ion gr opulat 303,0 P opulat
P -1
302,5 -2
-3 302,0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Data since 2001 reflect the Housing and Population Census (1.3.2001) results and also include foreigners who were granted long-term stays (i.e. foreigners with visas over 90 days). Population decrease 2001 was influenced mainly by Census (1.3.2001), which found out lower population than that registered by yearly demographic statistics). Population growth rate was calculated as a difference between 1 January and 31 December (in 2001 population at 1 January was recalculated by Census).
Vital statistics Migration balance - internal and international migration 15 Live births 2,400 Net international migration 3,600 Net internal migration Deaths 2,000 14 Out-migrants (within Czech rep.) 1,600 In-migrants (within Czech rep.) 3,200
13 1,200
2,800 s
800 ant e
12 gr i m 1000 inhab. 400 - per out ) ,
11 2,400 s hs ion balanc at 0 ant gr gr deat i i ( M m -
hs 10 n t
-400 I 2,000 bir e
Liv 9 -800
-1,200 1,600 8 ULK -1,600
7 -2,000 1,200 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Since 2001, foreigners who were granted long-term stays are calculated as migrants
77 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Agriculture: 1993 - 2003 gions of the country. Of interest is Indicator 1993 2003 the fact arising from the vicinity of Germany that the Karlovarský Re- Agricultural land (ha) 125,303 124,615 gion is the only region where the Arable land (ha) 72,899 57,008 proportion of pupils learning Ger- Persons employed in agriculture, hunting man in basic schools is higher and forestry (thous., LFS) 5.6 2.9 than the proportion of pupils learn- Yields of cereals (tonnes/ha) 3.17 3.62 ing English. Besides, the Region Cattle stock, total (1 March) 53,027 34,819 has the highest proportion of pu- pils learning Russian, which is due Health care to the growing Russian-speaking Indicator Region CR minority especially in the area of Karlovy Vary. No. of physicians per 1000 population 3.6 3.9 The Karlovarský Region’s level of No. of beds in hospitals per 1000 population 5.6 6.5 education is rather below the ave- Infant mortality (average for 1999-2003, ‰) 5.2 4.2 rage of nationwide indicators. Fig- ures of the last census show that ence on the shaping of the Re- The share of the Region in total 28.7% of the adult population has gion’s economy. After the extraction gross fixed capital formation of only basic education (23.5% in of non-ferrous ores had declined, the CR is less than 3%, but its the CR), 38.4% of the population the economy split into a varied com- value related to one inhabitant of aged 15+ has secondary educa- position of industrial industries— the Region is more favourable— tion without GCSE (38.0% in the engineering, glass and ceramics the fifth largest among the regions. CR), and only 25.8% of the Re- making, manufacture of textile and Investments in transport (32% of gion’s population has secondary chemicals, coal mining and kaolin the regional total), mining and quar- education with GCSE (28.4% in extraction. Balneology has always rying (25%), hotels and restaurants the CR). There is a significant differ- had a dominant position there over (10%), and health (5%) are signifi- ence in the proportion of the po- centuries. The restructuring of in- cant. pulation with university education: dustrial production has significan- 5.6% in the Region and 8.9% in tly affected the economy of the A low level of education the CR. The highest proportion of Region since the 1990s. The crea- the population with basic educa- tion of conditions for the revitali- The recent changes in the age tion is in the administrative terri- zation of the landscape heavily structure reduce the need for pre- tory of the municipality of Aš (one struck and devastated here and school facilities and basic schools. should bear in mind, however, that there may be a positive effect of Nevertheless, the Region still be- it had the largest proportion of cutting the coal mining. longs to younger regions. The offer population whose degree of edu- of secondary schools in the Re- Comprehensive evaluation of the cation was not established in the gion is rather limited and gets re- Region’s main macroeconomic last census), as distinguished from flected in the smallest rate of indicators does not end up fa- the administrative territory of Ma- participation in secondary educa- vourably; it ranks the Region third riánské Lázně whose proportion tion (apart from the Středočeský in regional economies—e.g. the of persons with basic education Region) in the given age popula- Region has the smallest share in was the smallest. The same ad- tion. The proportion of new en- total gross domestic product, only ministrative territory had also the trants to secondary schools in the a bit over 2%. Manufacturing, tra- greatest proportion of persons with corresponding age population sug- de, and transport plus telecom- university education (along with gests that the Region’s gap be- munications make comprehensi- Karlovy Vary). tween GCSE and non-GCSE fields ve contributions to the gross va- of study is the narrowest (which lue added in the Region: 29%, also applies to the Liberecký Re- Non-state health establishments 10% and 9%, respectively. Output gion) compared to the other re- reinforced markedly of mineral resources is also sig- In the Karlovarský Region, too, the nificant—11% in gross valued ad- Pupils and students: ded at the national level, which is number of physicians increases. school year 2003/2004 not quite 7% of the regional gross The ratio of physicians in state to value added. Tourism (4%) and bal- Type of school Thous. non-state health establishments neology-affected health services Nursery schools 8.2 changes considerably. When most of the health establishments had (7%) exceed the national level. Basic schools 29.2 been moved under the admini- The share of GDP per inhabitant Grammar schools 3.3 stration by the Region, the pro- is the second smallest—it accounts Secondary technical schools 5.6 portion of physicians in non-state for 78% of the national average or Secondary vocational schools 6.3 health establishments went up to 49% of the EU-15 average. Higher professional schools 0.2 today’s 96.2% (an increase of 40% Universities 1.4 since 2000).
78 North-west cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Share of males and females with secondary and university education - relation of region to the Czech Republic
2 MALES Secondary with GCSE 2 Secondary with GCSE
) University FEMALES
l University ) l e 25,9 v e v e 25,9 1
1 e l 27,6 l onal
onal 28,9 national level 0 national level nati 0 nati 23,8 24,3 28,9 on - 30,4 32,4 33,4 25,0 25,7 on -
egi 29,8
egi -1 -1 31,1 e: r 26,4 e: r 32,4
enc 5,9 25,7 enc 4,9 6,0
ffer -2 i -2 ffer i d 5,2
d 32,4 24,3 4,4 31,5
on ( 4,4 4,4 at. ( ati -3 9,2 -3 26,0 4,2 6,5 6,7 9,4 23,4 23,8 4,9 th educ th educ
wi -4 s wi -4 9,4 e s 23,1 5,1 e 8,8 8,1 8,4 9,0 9,2 -5 8,0 -5 of mal of femal
% 7,5 % 7,4 8,7 -6 -6 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Note: Figures in graph express share of persons with secondary education with GCSE in total population aged 15+ in region, or share of persons with university education in total population aged 25+ in region
Access of households to information technologies Use of Internet by individuals (aged 15+) in 4.q.2003
100 45 Karlovarský Region Karlovarský Region Czech Republic 39 Czech Republic ) 40
% 38 (
s 80 77
s 36 e
c 35 66 th ac 63 61 wi 30 ) 30 28 ds 60 (%) 27 ehol
duals 25 i hous ( s 40 indiv 20 dual i 30 v 27 Share of ndi 24 22 15 13 19 12 12 12 e of i 17 20 1615 har 10
S 9 5 7 2 5 0 ) )
C C ile P P
b 0 net e ( ( ed o on ted to ted to net net .
e g x r ti phone i lin onal onal M s
n er ed
net i s s ephone c net es F ed
net ist i
oadband ti er e i in tel our er ev v v ted to us has onnec onnec Per Per br e ti mputer mputer m a e ev c onnec ) ed PC publ l bank ov v Inter c c o o d v Ha c e the Inter the Inter e en PC C a c c Ac a ng c a v r 4.q. 2003 4.q. 2003 us to the Inter pur P H a n n the Inter H the Inter PC PC ni ( i i tak H ai
Indivi- Households with Households with tr duals Individuals, who From 100 users of Internet (4.q.2003) used given service 4th quarter of 2003 4th quarter of 2004
79 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
There are 5 hospitals in operation Participation rate: by educational attainment, population aged 15+, % in the Region now and they do Total Men Women Degree of education not change very much as far as 1993 2003 1993 2003 1993 2003 the number of beds goes. Fur- thermore, you can find 3 special- Basic and no education 40.6 30.0 49.6 36.0 35.4 26.7 ized therapeutical institutions, more Secondary without GCSE 75.6 75.5 81.5 81.3 67.3 66.8 than 100 surgeries of physicians Secondary with GCSE 76.0 68.7 78.0 74.0 74.3 64.5 for adults, 60 surgeries of physi- University 85.9 82.4 93.6 85.0 75.9 79.1 cians for children and adolescents, next to 150 surgeries of stoma- Participation rate: by age group, % tologists, and almost 250 surger- Total Men Women ies of specialists there. Since the Age group 1993 2003 1993 2003 1993 2003 1990s, the average incapacity-for- work percentage has been rising as Total 65.4 61.5 73.9 70.4 57.5 53.2 the duration of incapacity for work 15 - 19 40.2 12.4 43.0 13.0 37.2 11.8 gets longer. One case of incapac- 20 - 24 73.2 68.3 81.9 75.7 64.0 60.7 ity for work takes 27 calendar days 25 - 29 84.1 77.0 96.8 95.6 70.9 58.3 today. 30 - 34 90.3 85.7 97.7 98.1 82.7 72.8 35 - 39 94.1 91.5 98.2 96.8 89.8 86.1 Social care establishments are re- latively stabilized in the Region. 40 - 44 94.0 93.1 95.9 95.2 92.1 90.9 Rather large increases were re- 45 - 49 94.8 93.6 96.9 94.5 92.7 92.8 corded for community care ser- 50 - 54 86.1 89.4 93.6 93.2 79.3 85.6 vice houses whose total number 55 - 59 49.9 63.6 73.7 79.0 27.9 49.2 and the number of dwelling units 60 - 64 18.9 22.4 23.0 30.1 15.2 16.0 in them increased. Persons receiv- 65+ 5.9 3.1 7.9 . 4.7 . ing partial disability pensions have been on the increase recently. regions, is also the proportion of Entrepreneurial intensity of the Kar- Like elsewhere in the country, the the self-employed with employees lovarský Region’s citizens is lower number of paid state social care and without employees in the than the average for the country, support benefits decreased in res- total number of the economically as is also the educational attain- ponse to abolishing some bene- active. The proportion of self- ment level of entrepreneurs (the self- fits on the one hand and more employed women is the third larg- employed with employees). strict rules imposed on granting est among the regions. certain benefits on the other hand. The proportion of persons em- Mines and balneology!? ployed in the primary sector is the Ceramic clay, kaolin, ore and coal A distinct growth tendency of second smallest of all the re- mining and quarrying, health ser- employment in progressive ser- gions—it dropped to a third in ten vice—balneology and tourism are vices years. Employment in the secon- industries of importance for the dary sector was increasing little The overall proportion of econom- economy and consequently the by little to be as high as more ically active persons in the work- labour market and unemployment than 40% now. The larger propor- ing-age population is the second in the Karlovarský Region. The tion of the employed than that in greatest (next to Prague), as with coal and ore mining are under the other regions is found for the separate groups of men and decline now, which increases un- manufacture of mineral products women. The highest ever is the employment. The process of pri- (glass, ceramics, etc.): the sec- participation rate in the age group vatisation and transformation of ond largest, next to the Liberecký of young people (up to the age of the economy has also an impor- Region. The tertiary sphere ex- 24). The economic activity of pre- tant role to play here. Unemploy- perienced a high growth rate of retirement-age citizens is above ment was compensated for, to a lar- employment. Services of mostly the average and the same applies ge extent and especially in the public nature (education, health, to the proportion of working sen- early 1990s, by commuting daily social care, etc.) especially have iors in the economically active po- or weekly to adjacent areas of Ba- the second largest proportion of pulation. In comparison with the varia. Since 1998, the unemploy- the employed among the CR’s re- country’s average, the economi- ment had so increased that the gions, and the proportion of peo- cally active were rising in their pro- cross-border going to work was ple engaged in market services is portion throughout past 40 years, far from making up for the loss of also above the average. A high and especially in last decade. The jobs in the domestic labour mar- growth of employment—almost proportion of women in the total ket and both general and regis- double—is recorded for progres- number of economically active per- tered unemployment levels have sive services (R&D, real estate sons corresponds to the national risen to the current figures corre- services, etc.) also referred to as average as was in the past. Aver- sponding to the nationwide average. age, in comparisons with the other the quarternary sector.
80 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
General unemployment rate (ILO), registered unemployment rate (employment offices), vacancies
14 Vacancies, in total (Region) 3,500 General unemployment rate (Region) Registered unemployment rate (Region) Registered unemployment rate (Czech Rep.) 12 3,000
10 2,500 in % , e 8 2,000 rat ent m
ploy 6 1,500 Unem
4 1,000
2 500 ies anc c a V 0 0 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1q. 2q. 3q. 4q. 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Note: Registered unemployment rate refers to the end of respective quarter
Share of selected groups in total number of unemployed* 65 Unemployed > 1 year (Region) Unemployed > 1 year (Czech Republic) 60 Aged < 25 years (Region) 55 Aged > 49 years (Region) Basic- or not completed education (Region) 50
45 100 %
ed = 40 oy
pl 35
30 of unem
ber 25
num 20 tal o T 15
10
5
0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 * refers to 31 December (respective year) 81 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
The interesting thing about this is Structure of disposable income of households that the highest unemployment 1995 2002 rates are not measured in the Re- Per capita Per capita CZK CZK gion’s areas neighbouring with (national (national million million the Bavarian border, but in the level=100) level=100) neighbourhood of the border with Allocation of primary income account of households the Ústecký Region in the north. Operating surplus s e
The rise in the absolute number of c and mixed income, net 6,201 94.5 8,938 89.0 Compensation unemployed job applicants, which our s was occurring since the year 2000, e of employees 18,475 98.5 27,197 86.2 R almost doubled against the aver- Property income 1,831 84.8 2,373 96.1 age, the number of young unem- Property income 634 86.7 609 84.6 ployed people stagnated, and that Balance of primary of the unemployed with reduced Uses income, net 25,874 96.7 37,899 87.5 capacity to work followed the ave- Secondary distribution of income account of households rage rise. The number of job ap- Social benefits other ces plicants per vacancy has increa- r than social benefits in kind 4,259 90.4 8,475 91.0 u sed twice over the same time Other current period, but the values in both of Reso transfers 1,572 101.0 2,402 98.7 these cases are only a little bit Current taxes on income, above the national average. The un- wealth, etc. 2,037 96.6 2,995 87.7 employment benefit goes to three Social contributions 6,354 98.4 9,817 86.7 of every ten unemployed persons, Uses Other current transfers 1,084 99.1 2,431 98.5 but to over a half of the young Disposable income, net 22,230 95.2 33,534 88.5 unemployed. professional education being rather tato growing does well here; yields Wages falling more and more a small exception. Balanced are per hectare are the biggest of the behind the average also all age groups of workers as country, but the total production is far as wages are concerned. The negligible as the growing areas are Disposable income belonging to Region has the second highest small. Flourishing on free areas not every citizen living in the Karlo- wage ratio of non-manual and ma- tended is the giant weed, formerly varský Region hardly exceeds the nual workers, the wage ratio of fe- a decorative plant, but now the 90% of the average value belong- males and males failing to reach terror of free landscape. The share ing to the whole of the CR. This the average. In comparison with of gross value added by agricul- indicator ranks the Region on the other regions of the country, wages ture and forestry is around 3% and last but one place (13th) in the in market services are the lowest, tends to drop. country, like in previous years. in the construction second lowest The share of the industry in total and in the industry third lowest. In 2003, the average monthly wage gross value added is more than amounted to CZK 14 950 (less than The proportion of social incomes 40% and tends to rise distinctly— € 480) and was the third lowest of in gross incomes fails to reach more than by a third over ten all the regions, as opposed to 1996 the CR’s average. Households of years. Coal mining and kaolin ex- when the Region ranked eighth. the Region belong to less rich ones, traction are important industries, The year-on-year growth rate of and the proportion of households as was uranium ore mining in the wages is one of the lowest and is with less than 1.5 times the subsis- past. These natural resources gave definitely lower than the national tence level ranks the Region tenth. rise to a number of renowned china one, the widening gap between Only 13% of households report that factories (the world-famous Slav- averages wages in the country their income is easy to live on. kov porcelain, etc.) and glassworks and the Region thus being a di- (Moser). The total goods-export per- rect consequence. formance of the Karlovarský Re- World-famous balneology and gion is the smallest of all the re- Average hourly wages in individ- china factories ual main groups of occupations gions with the exception of Pra- do not diverge from the national The Karlovarský Region is the se- gue. Porcelain and ceramic goods average significantly. A slightly abo- cond smallest region in the CR in are the most significant export ve-average level (not more than terms of area and the smallest articles (over 85% of the country’s by 5%) is found for manual work- ever as far as its population is con- exports). cerned. It has the smallest pro- ers in the primary sector. Hourly wa- More than half the economically portion of agricultural land and ges of workers with various levels active population is employed in woodland, too. Its 17% proportion of educational attainment mostly the sector of services, of which a re- of arable land is by far the small- do not differ very much—they are markable portion in balneology – a est of all the regions and does not only a little short of the averages, branch characteristic of the Region. even reach half the average. Po- the group of workers with higher There are seventy balneological
82 North-west cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Distribution of households (%): monthly net money income per person (%), in CZK, Microcensus 2002 Gross domestic product and disposable income
16001 a více Karlovarský Region GDP per capita (Czech Rep.=100) 105 Net disposable income of household per capita (Czech Rep.=100) Czech Republic 14001 - 16000
12001 - 14000 100
10001 - 12000
) 95 ZK 9001 - 10000 on (C 8001 - 9000 90 = 100 % l e v
7001 - 8000 e l me per pers o c onal
n 85 6001 - 7000 t i e Nati N 5001 - 6000 80 4001 - 5000
3001 - 4000 75
do 3000 Share of households (%) 70 0 5 10 15 20 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Note: Data on disposable income are available since 1995
Specific emissions of main pollutants (REZZO 1-3) Structure of main pollutants by sources in 2003
18 Solids Big polluters (REZZO 1) Medium-sized polluters (REZZO 2) Small polluters (REZZO 3) Mobile polluters (REZZO 4) SO2 100% NOx 16 CO 90% CxHy 14 80% ) 2 m k / 12 70%
onnes 60%
(T 10 ons
i 50% s s i 8
em 40% c i f i 6 30% pec S
4 20%
10% 2 0% 0 Solids SO2 NOx CO NH3 Solids SO2 NOx CO NH3 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Karlovarský Region Czech Republic
Land use - changes between 1990 and 2004 (31December)
50 Karlovarský Region 43,3 Land use structure (2004, 31 December) Czech Republic 40
Built up 30 areas Infertile land 1% Roads 20 17,3 Other roads Forest land 2004/1990) Railways 43% Handling areas 10 Sport, recreation,
in % ( 4,0 2,6 2,8 greenery e) 0,9 0,7 1,0 0,6 Other
eas 0 r Water 16% Other -0,4 -0,6 dec body areas e ( -5,5 areas orná -10 -7,4 7% eas
r 2% půda
Inc 17% -20 Quarries, Permanent mines 3% grassland -30 -27,0 Gardens, Orchards, 19% Vineyards, Hop- gardens -40 1% Arable land Gardens Orchards Permanent Forest land Water body Built up grassland areas areas
83 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Tourism: 1996 - 2003 our territory, is on show), Loket, Indicator 1996 2003 Teplá or recently opened Kynžvart castle (built in the empire style). Ex- Guests in accommodation establishments 517,238 532,860 tensive forests are found in the From the CR 212,958 353,194 area of Slavkovský les. From abroad 304,280 179,666 The worldwide decline of the inte- Number of overnight stays 2,909,961 3,785,126 rest in travelling resulting from the CR nationals 1,515,653 1,358,034 terrorist attacks in 2001 showed Foreign nationals 1,394,308 2,427,092 itself in the attendance of the Average length of stay (days) 6.6 8.1 Karlovarský Region, too. However, the number of visitors has been establishments there, almost half of infrastructure did not match the Re- already rising since 2003 despite those in the CR. Karlovy Vary spa gion’s development needs. the continued downward trend in (Karlsbad), e.g., with their hot min- The road network of the Karlo- the number of accommodation faci- eral springs and a history longer varský Region only accounts for lities. Characteristic of the Region than 600 years is world-famous. less than 4% of the national road is the average stay of visitors – it Spas such as Mariánské lázně and and motorway network length. Con- is the longest of all the CR’s regi- Františkovy lázně, both dating back necting the network with Prague ons and exceeds 8 days. Obvi- to the 17th century, and Lázně Já- implies to cross other two admin- ously, this is closely related to the chymov where curative radon water istrative regions for which an arte- balneological nature of a large is used are well known, too. The rial speedway is missing. In com- number of tourist stays. Germans balneology is closely tied in to the parison with other regions, the road clearly dominate the foreign visi- high level of tourism in the Region: density here is low, one eighth tors, and the number of guests almost half a million guests are ac- down on the average. With its 330 from Russia gradually increases, commodated here every year of thousand passenger cars per thou- which is also made possible by the whom more than 300 thousand sand inhabitants, the motorization direct air connection between Kar- come from abroad. ranked the Region tenth in the CR, lovy Vary and Moscow.
which also applied to commercial No speed connection with vehicles. The development of mo- A small tradition of individual Prague torization in several last years has housing construction also been well below the average. The state border with the Federal A long-term characteristic of the Republic of Germany makes up The operating length of railway lines, Karlovarský Region is its small over half the entire border length 433 km, accounts for less than 5% tradition of individual housing con- of the CR’s westernmost region. of the railway transport system of struction. This of course gets re- The Karlovarský Region’s neigh- the country, the density of railway flected in the structure of the bours are the Free State of Bava- lines is slightly above the average. housing stock where the propor- ria with its regions Upper Palati- tion of multi-dwelling buildings is nate and Upper Franconia in the Karlovy Vary – a centre of unusually high. In comparison with west and Saxony with its Dresden balneology the nationwide percentage of family Region in the north. There are over houses in the housing stock (86,3 % 10 important railway and road The Karlovarský Region has had in 2001), the proportion of family border crossings on these borders. a high percentage of spa accom- houses in all residential buildings Many of them were re-opened after modation facilities in the CR for of the Karlovarský Region is by the political changes in the year a long time. Their capacities ac- 17.3% down. Unoccupied houses 1989. Before 1989, half of the Kar- count for more than 40% of ac- accounted for 10.6% of the total lovarský Region’s borders had been commodation capacities of spas housing stock (13.3% in the CR). impermeably closed off for 40 years. in the whole of the CR. Beside This also affected the condition of the world-famous spa of Karlovy After its depression in the 1990s, the railway and road transport net- Vary, the health resort centres the housing construction revived works, especially the part adjoin- also include Mariánské Lázně at the turn of the century. Most ing the borders. The situation con- (Spa), Františkovy Lázně (Spa), Já- dwellings were completed in family cerning transport in the Region is chymov (Spa) and Lázně Kynž- houses (45%), followed by dwellings brand new, diametrically different vart (Spa). Karlovy Vary are also in multi-dwelling buildings (17.6%) now. The opened borders enor- famous for being the host of the and extensions to family houses or mously raised the traffic involving International Film Festival which multi-dwelling buildings (8.4%). The both passenger cars and commer- also attracts visitors to the spa number of dwellings under construc- cial vehicles. The existing road sys- town. Tourists come to see the his- tion increases more and more in tem turned out to be insufficient toric town of Cheb and the castles the Region, so dwellings to be and negative impacts on the envi- at Bečov nad Teplou (where the completed in the years to come ronment increased substantially. Reliquary of St. Maurus, one of can be assumed to rise in num- All this indicated that the transport the most precious ritual objects in ber, too.
84 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Completed dwellings - in all buildings / in family houses
2,000 Completed dweillings - total (Region) 6 of which in family houses (Region) Completed dweillings per thous. inhab. (Czech Rep.) Completed dweillings per thous. inhab. (Region) 5 1,600 inhab. 4 . hous
1,200 t per
ed dwellings 3 let p 800 Com
2 ed dwellings let p
400 Com 1
0 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Note: data on dwellings in family houses are available since 1995
Overnight stays in collective tourist accommodation Employment in major sectors (groups of NACE) establishments in 2004 - by class 2004 24,0 Public 22,5 1998 services (L-Q) Other coll. 22,8 1993 establishments
30,0 Market Holiday dwellings, 32,2 services (G-K) tourist lodging 26,6 houses Czech citizens 10,9 Foreigners Construction (F) 8,9 Tourist campsites 8,8
32,2 Other hotels, Industry (C-E) 33,5 boarding houses 36,4
2,9 Hotelys ***** Agriculture, 2,9 Hotels **** forestry (A-B) 5,3
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 % in total employment Overnight stays (thous.)
85 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Economy and environment - region compared with the Czech Republic
Fixed assets acquired for environment protection (8) 10 027
Waste water treated (%) (7) 99,9
Population with public water-supply systems (%) 98,4
Population with public sewerage systems (%) 89,9
Overnight stays in tourist accomm. estab. per capita 12,4
Beds in tourist accommodation establish. per km2 8,3 Lenght of railway lines per 100 km2 13,2
Registered passenger cars (1) 341
Fixed assets per capita (CZK thous.) 6) 351 Completed state or municipal dwellings (1,10) 3,2
Completed dwellings, total (1,10) 8,3
Industrial activity sales per employee (CZK thous.) 113
Farms with agriculture land < 5 ha (%) 20,0
Arable land in total area (%) 17,2
Threatened households with children (5) 13,6
Disposable income per capita (CZK thous.) 110
Average monthly gross wage per emploee (4) 13 042
Employment in other services (%) (3) 30,2
Employment in public services (%) (2) 24,5
Employment in industry&construction (%) 42,3
Private entrepreneurs (1) 79,7
Expenses on R&D (% GDP) (9) 0,14
Gross value added per employee (CZK thous.) 367 Index GDP per capita (in PPP) 11 747 (Czech Rep.=100)
50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
1) Per 1000 inhabitants 2) NACE L-O (Public administration and defence;Compulsory social security, Education, Health and social work, Other community, social and personal service activities) 3) NACE G-K, resp.P-Q (Wholesale and retail trade, Transport, storage and communications, Financial intermediation, Real estate, renting and business activities) 4) Work-place method (in 2001, CZK) 5) Share of families with children registered by social care authorities ("social needed persons") in total number of families with children (%, 2001) 6) Enterprise head-office method (i.e. seat of business), sum for period 1995-2001 7) Related to total waste water discharged into public sewerage systems (=100%) 8) Work-place method (i.e. real place of realization), sum for period 2000-2003 (CZK, per capita) 9) Average for period 2001-2003 10) Sum for period 1999-2003
Employers and own-account workers - males, females Part-time employment - males, females
12 Karlovarský Region (Females) 22 12 Czech Rep., total (Females)
) Karlovarský Region (Males) 20
Czech Rep., total (Males) ) ales 10 10 em 18 ales f m ( ( ent
16 ent m m
ploy 8 8 ploy
14 ent
l em Czech Rep. (males) a l em t a oym o t
12 o Karlovarský Region (males) pl
in t 6 s in t 6 Czech Rep. (females) s em er 10 l k er
a Karlovarský Region (females) k t o wor t wor
8 n 4 ount 4 c ount % i c
ac 6 ac own- ,
4 own- s 2 , s
er 2 er
ploy 2 ploy m m
% E 0 0 % E 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
86 Severozápad cohesion area – Karlovarský region
Position of region among system of european NUTS-3 regions (rank: 1 = highest value) Postion among NUTS-3 regions in given territory (number of NUTS-3 units) Region Czech NUTS-3 EU -10 EU-15 EU-25 Indicator (Karlo- Republic regions New Former total varský) (CR) adjoning CR states states (1) (14) (27+14)1 (123)2 (1 091+14)2 (1 214)2 Value 91.6 129.4 126.2 100.8 120.3 116.6 1 Population density (2002) Rank x 11 / 14 30 / 41 61 / 117 774 / 1105 824 / 1208 Total population increase Value -0.6 -1.8 -4.0 -1.4 2.7 2.0 2 (1995-2002)3 Rank x 4 / 14 15 / 40 41 / 117 723 / 1078 760 / 1181 Natural population increase Value -0.4 -2.0 -0.9 -0.7 0.9 0.6 3 (1995-2001)3 Rank x 1 / 14 9 / 40 45 / 111 565 / 1078 609 / 1175 Mgration population increase Value -0.2 0.1 -1.6 -0.7 1.9 1.4 4 (1995-2001)3,4 Rank x 9 / 14 19 / 40 47 / 111 751 / 1078 789 / 1175 GDP per capita (2002), Value 11,277 14,315 10,912 10,966 23,164 21,172 5 in Purchasing Power Parity Rank x 11 / 14 30 / 40 40 / 121 1076 / 1101 1105 / 1208 GDP per capita (1995), Value 9,833 10,660 7,882 7,118 16,869 15,233 6 in Purchasing Power Parity Rank x 6 / 14 20 / 40 13 / 115 982 / 1076 989 / 1177 Share of economically active Value 51.0 50.0 45.3 45.5 46.8 46.6 7 in total population (%, 2002) Rank x 2 / 14 8 / 41 13 / 123 161 / 986 172 / 1095 Sh.of economically active women Value 92.0 43.4 39.8 40.5 39.2 39.4 8 in total women pop. (%, 2001) Rank x 2 / 14 4 / 28 15 / 114 79 / 585 92 / 685 Employment in agriculture, Value 3.6 4.8 12.1 17.0 4.0 6.0 9 forestry and fishing (%, 2001) Rank x 11 / 14 33 / 40 99 / 113 597 / 1063 685 / 1162 Employment in industry Value 40.6 40.1 36.2 30.5 25.9 26.6 10 and construction (%, 2001) Rank x 12 / 14 20 / 40 27 / 113 96 / 1063 111 / 1162 Employment in Value 55.9 55.2 51.8 52.5 70.1 67.3 11 services (%, 2001) Rank x 3 / 14 13 / 40 36 / 113 872 / 1063 905 / 1162 Unemployment rate, total, Value 6.4 7.8 18.0 14.5 8.1 9.1 12 based LFS (%, 2003) Rank x 7 / 14 23 / 40 98 / 123 466 / 991 548 / 1100 Unemployment rate, women, Value 6.4 9.9 16.7 15.3 8.9 10.0 13 based LFS (%, 2003) Rank x 12 / 14 20 / 28 101 / 123 298 / 591 385 / 700 Unemployment rate, persons Value 14.5 18.6 26.7 32.3 15.8 18.4 14 up to 25 years, LFS (%, 2003) Rank x 10 / 14 17 / 28 95 / 123 218 / 494 303 / 603 Bed in hotels and similar establish- Value 60.5 24.1 15.2 10.5 26.1 23.6 15 ments per capita (2002) Rank x 1 / 14 4 / 41 4 / 118 122 / 1105 125 / 1209 1 Missing data of regions: 2 NUTS-3 regions in Silesia (all indicators apart from no. 1,7,15) were replaced by figure for whole Silesia region (NUTS-2) 17 NUTS-3 regions in Germany (indicators no. 8,13,14) were replaced by 5 respective NUTS-2 regions Different date : indicators no. 2 and 3 (all regions refer to 1997-99), indicators no. 12-14 (all regions refer to 2001), indicator no. 7 (all regions in Germany refer to 2001) 2 Missing data of regions: Germany - 439 regions (indicators no. 8,13 and 14), France - 100 regions (indicator no. 14) Greece - 51 regions (indicators no. 7,8,12,13 and 14), Netherlanads - 40 regions (indicators no. 9,10 and 11) Portugal - 30 regions (indicators no. 2-4, 6-8 and 12-14), Estonia - 4 regions (indicator no. 15) and Latvia - 4 regions (indicator no. 1) Different date : all regions in Germany - indicators no. 2 and 3 (1995-1999), indicator no. 12 (2001) all regions in Great Britain - indicators no. 7,12,13 and 14 (2001) all regions in Portugal, Cyprus and Luxemburg - indicators no. 9.10 and 11 (2000) all regions in Slovakia - indicator no. 15 (2003), and all regions in Scotland - indicator no. 15 (2000) all regions in Latvia - indicator no. 8 (2002) 3 Expressed as an average of yearly-increases (as a difference between mid-year population) 4 Migration increase is calculated as a difference between total increase and natural increase Source: DB Regio, Eurostat Note: Some figures (for CR and its regions) may differ (mainly due to revisions) from those stated in the previous part of this chapter. Source: DB Regio, Eurostat Note: Some figures (for CR and its regions) may differ (mainly due to revisions) from those stated in the previous part of this chapter. This table tries to describe region in a wider international context, indicators were selected to cover maximum of EU regions (in given time)
GDP (in Purchasing Power Parity) per capita in specific groups of NUTS-3 regions in 2002: Karlovarský region, regions in neighbouring countries and cross-border regions (CBR)1 Minimum (country) Minimum (CBR) Average (CBR) Maximum (CBR) Maximum (country) National capital (NUTS-3)
Slovensko 31,4 119,7 Karlovarský region
Polsko 26,7 130,8
Rakousko 67,2 173,7
national Německo (Z) average 48,0 342,3
Německo (V) 47,8 121,1
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 GDP per capita, in purchasing power parity, EU 25 = 100
1 Cross-border regions include all NUTS-3 regions adjoining to the Czech Republic 87