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Flora and Vegetation Surveys of the Banded Ironstone Formations (BIF) of the Yilgarn Craton

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Flora and Vegetation Surveys of the Banded Ironstone Formations (BIF) of the Yilgarn Craton SMC: Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 S M C : Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 P a g e | 1 2 December 2014 Version 1 maia.net.au SMC: Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 This document presents the results of a vegetation monitoring program being carried out in the priority ecological community (PEC) around Sinosteel Midwest Corporation Limited’s (SMC) mine at Blue Hills. Sixteen monitoring plots were established in September 2012 and were assessed in September 2013 and again in September 2014. Maia Environmental Consultancy Pty Ltd ABN 25 141 503 184 PO Box 1213 Subiaco WA 6904 Document Prepared By: Rochelle Haycock Document Reviewed By: Christina Cox Document Revision Number: Version 1 Project Number: 14121 Date: 2 December, 2014 This document has been prepared for SMC by Maia Environmental Consultancy Pty Ltd (Maia). Copyright and any intellectual property associated with the document belong to SMC and Maia. The document may not be reproduced or distributed to any third party by any physical or electronic means without the express permission of SMC. m a i a P a g e | i SMC: Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 Table of Contents 1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1 1.1 PROJECT SCOPE OF WORK 1 1.2 MONITORING SITES ESTABLISHED 1 1.3 VEGETATION COMMUNITIES AND SMC’S BLUE HILLS TENEMENTS 1 1.3.1 Monitoring Sites 1 1.4 BLUE HILLS PRIORITY ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY 4 2 METHODS 5 2.1 MONITORING SITES, SURVEYS AND TIMING 5 2.2 SITE SET-UP AND MEASUREMENTS 5 2.3 VEGETATION CONDITION ASSESSMENT 6 2.4 MONITORING DATA - STATISTICAL ANALYSES 7 2.5 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 8 2.6 PROJECT TEAM 8 3 RESULTS – VEGETATION, FLORA, INTRODUCED FAUNA AND FIRE 9 3.1 SITE INFORMATION 9 3.2 FLORA 9 3.2.1 Conservation Significant Flora 9 3.2.2 Environmental Weeds 13 3.3 VEGETATION CONDITION 15 3.4 INTRODUCED FAUNA 15 3.5 FIRE 16 4 RESULTS - MONITORING ASSESSMENTS AND MEASUREMENTS 17 4.1 DUST COVER RATINGS, DUST MONITORING AND RAINFALL 17 4.2 PLANT NUMBERS 20 4.3 HEALTH RATING (HR) 22 4.4 PROPORTIONAL CANOPY VOLUME (PCV) 26 4.5 DIAMETER AT BREAST HEIGHT (DBH) 30 4.6 DUST AND PLANT HEALTH RATINGS 33 4.7 SUMMARY OF STATISTICAL ANALYSES 34 5 CONCLUSIONS, OVERALL COMMENTS AND FUTURE WORK 35 5.1 CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANT SPECIES AND WEEDS 35 5.2 FIRE AND FERAL ANIMALS 35 5.3 DUST RATINGS 35 5.4 PLANT NUMBERS 35 5.5 HEALTH (HR) 35 5.6 PROPORTIONAL CANOPY VOLUME (PCV) 36 5.7 DIAMETER AT BREAST HEIGHT (DBH) 36 5.8 DUST AND PLANT HEALTH 36 5.9 OVERALL COMMENTS 36 5.10 FUTURE WORK 37 6 REFERENCES 39 7 MAPS 41 APPENDIX 1: MONITORING SITE COORDINATES 51 m a i a P a g e | ii SMC: Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 APPENDIX 2: SITE SHEETS 53 Tables TABLE 1.1: VEGETATION ASSOCIATIONS AND MONITORING SITES 2 TABLE 2.1: SURVEY DATES, SITES ESTABLISHED AND ASSESSMENT CARRIED OUT 5 TABLE 2.2: VEGETATION CONDITION SCALE USED 6 TABLE 2.3: SITES ESTABLISHED IN 2012 AND USED IN THE 2014 STATISTICAL ANALYSES 8 TABLE 2.4: PROJECT TEAM 8 TABLE 3.1: ACACIA WOODMANIORUM LOCATIONS AND MEASUREMENTS – 20 M X 20 M SITE 9 TABLE 3.2: PRIORITY FLORA LOCATIONS AND COUNTS – 20 M X 20 M SITE 9 TABLE 3.3: WEED SPECIES LOCATIONS, COUNTS, TOTALS BY YEAR AND CHANGE SINCE BASELINE (20 M X 20 M SITES) 14 TABLE 3.4: VEGETATION ASSOCIATIONS AND TREATMENT BY SITE, YEAR AND CHANGE SINCE BASELINE (20 M X 20 M SITES) 14 TABLE 3.5: VEGETATION CONDITION RATINGS 15 TABLE 4.1: DUST COVER RATINGS 17 TABLE 4.2: MONTHLY DEPOSITIONAL DUST GAUGE DATA –2013 AND JANUARY TO AUGUST 2014 19 TABLE 4.3: KARARA RAINFALL RECORDS (BOM, 2014) 19 TABLE 4.4: CHANGE (2012 TO 2014) IN LIVE MEASURED (≥ 1 M) AND LIVE NOT MEASURED (< 1 M) PLANTS AND TOTAL DEATHS AND RECRUITS 21 TABLE 4.5: PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN HR, BASELINE TO 2014 22 TABLE 4.6: MEAN HR, BASELINE TO 2014 23 TABLE 4.7: CHANGE IN HR BY SITE, TREATMENT GROUP AND OVERALL BY IMPACT AND CONTROL GROUP, BASELINE TO 2014 24 TABLE 4.8: WILCOXON SIGNED-RANKS TEST, HR BASELINE AND 2014 25 TABLE 4.9: WILCOXON-MANN-WHITNEY TEST, HR, IMPACT AND CONTROL GROUPS 26 TABLE 4.10: CHANGE IN PCV, BASELINE TO 2014 27 TABLE 4.11: PCV, BASELINE AND 2014 29 TABLE 4.12: WILCOXON SIGNED-RANKS TEST, PCV, BASELINE TO 2014 29 TABLE 4.13: WILCOXON-MANN-WHITNEY TEST, PCV, IMPACT AND CONTROL GROUPS 30 TABLE 4.14: CHANGE IN DBH, BASELINE TO 2014 31 TABLE 4.15: DBH, BASELINE AND 2014 32 TABLE 4.16: WILCOXON SIGNED-RANKS TEST, DBH, BASELINE AND 2014 33 TABLE 4.17: WILCOXON-MANN-WHITNEY TEST, DBH, IMPACT AND CONTROL GROUPS 33 TABLE 4.18: STATISTICAL ANALYSES SUMMARY TABLE - CHANGE IN HR, PCV AND DBH SINCE BASELINE 34 Maps MAP 7.1: GENERAL LOCATION 43 MAP 7.2: MONITORING SITES 45 MAP 7.3: CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANT FLORA LOCATIONS 47 MAP 7.4: WEED LOCATIONS 49 m a i a P a g e | iii SMC: Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 Summary Background Sinosteel Midwest Corporation Limited (SMC) has been granted approval to mine iron ore at Koolanooka and Blue Hills. To comply with conditions in Ministerial Statement (MS) 811, SMC engaged Maia Environmental Consultancy Pty Ltd (Maia) to establish a vegetation monitoring program within its mining tenements at Blue Hills. Vegetation monitoring sites were established at Blue Hills in September 2012 and this report presents the results of the spring 2014 assessment. Monitoring Sites Sixteen monitoring sites (B01 – B16) were established in the vegetation of the priority ecological community (PEC) around the pits and infrastructure at Blue Hills, some within 100 m of the pit and infrastructure (impact sites) and others more than 100 m away from the pit and infrastructure (control sites). Pattern analysis was carried out on the floristics data collected at the monitoring sites and four vegetation associations were defined and described based on this analysis. These are listed below along with the treatment groups and sites established in each: 1. AacWL-1: Allocasuarina Low Woodland – Impact (B06) 2. AacWL-1: Allocasuarina Low Woodland – Control (B01) 3. MSL-2: Mixed Shrubland – Impact (B04, B11 & B12) 4. MSL-2: Mixed Shrubland – Control (B13 & B14) 5. AasAsSL-3: Acacia Open Tall Shrubland – Impact (B07 & B08) 6. AasAsSL-3: Acacia Open Tall Shrubland – Control (B09, B10, B15 & B16) 7. ArAsSL-4: Acacia Open Tall Shrubland – Impact (B02) 8. ArAsSL-4: Acacia Open Tall Shrubland – Control (B03 & B05). Monitoring Methods The monitoring sites are assessed in spring (September) each year. The number, health and canopy dimensions of any Acacia woodmaniorum (a threatened species) occurring within the monitoring sites are recorded each year. Any priority flora species occurring within the monitoring sites are counted each year. All tree and shrub species equal to or greater than (≥) 1 m are assessed within a 20 m by 5 m sub-plot of the main 20 m by 20 m monitoring site and those plants of the same species but less than (<) 1 m in height are counted. The following information is recorded on all plants ≥ 1 m in height: a health rating; height; height to the lowest live crown; canopy dimensions (north-south and east-west); crown density; and, diameter at breast height of the largest branch if the plant is above 1.3 m tall. An overall dust rating is recorded for each monitoring site and multiple photographs of each sub-plot are taken. Results Conservation Significant Flora and Weeds Eight Acacia woodmaniorum were recorded at B06 and B13 in 2012 and four were recorded at B06 in 2014. Plants with relatively high baseline health ratings (i.e. in poorer health) and small and juvenile plants have died over the past two years. Priority (P) flora species were recorded at 11 sites in 2012 and in 2014. Since 2012 the total number of Lepidosperma sp. Blue Hills has remained the same, the total number of Drummondita fulva (P3) has increased by 20, the total number of Micromyrtus acuta (P3) has increased by 56 and of Micromyrtus trudgenii (P3) by 12. Calotis sp. Perrinvale Station (R.J. Cranfield 7096) (P3) and Rhodanthe collina (P3) were recorded in 2014 and have not been recorded previously. Fewer weed species but many more weeds were recorded in 2014 than in 2012. The increase in weed numbers was due to a large increase in the population of Calotis planiflora at some of the control and impact sites. Its numbers appear to be driven by different seasonal conditions rather than mining activities as no C. planiflora was located in 2013. m a i a P a g e | iv SMC: Blue Hills Vegetation Monitoring Program, Spring 2014 Vegetation Condition and Fire Vegetation condition at each site was rated as Excellent and it has not changed since 2012. It is estimated that the last fire to have affected the vegetation of the area was at least 10 years ago. Dust The overall mean site dust rating in 2014 (1.19) was higher than that recorded in 2012 (0.44) and the impact and control group dust ratings had both increased since 2012, the control group a little more than the impact group (0.78 compared with 0.72). In September 2014 the highest plant dust cover rating (3) was recorded at vegetation monitoring site B13, a control site.
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