Economics Annual Review 2013-2014
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The Run on the Rock
House of Commons Treasury Committee The run on the Rock Fifth Report of Session 2007–08 Volume II Oral and written evidence Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 24 January 2008 HC 56–II [Incorporating HC 999 i–iv, Session 2006-07] Published on 1 February 2008 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £25.50 The Treasury Committee The Treasury Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of HM Treasury, HM Revenue & Customs and associated public bodies. Current membership Rt Hon John McFall MP (Labour, West Dunbartonshire) (Chairman) Nick Ainger MP (Labour, Carmarthen West & South Pembrokeshire) Mr Graham Brady MP (Conservative, Altrincham and Sale West) Mr Colin Breed MP (Liberal Democrat, South East Cornwall) Jim Cousins MP (Labour, Newcastle upon Tyne Central) Mr Philip Dunne MP (Conservative, Ludlow) Mr Michael Fallon MP (Conservative, Sevenoaks) (Chairman, Sub-Committee) Ms Sally Keeble MP (Labour, Northampton North) Mr Andrew Love MP (Labour, Edmonton) Mr George Mudie MP (Labour, Leeds East) Mr Siôn Simon MP, (Labour, Birmingham, Erdington) John Thurso MP (Liberal Democrat, Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross) Mr Mark Todd MP (Labour, South Derbyshire) Peter Viggers MP (Conservative, Gosport). Powers The Committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No. 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publications The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. -
Monetary Policy Oversight in Comparative Perspective: Britain and America During the Financial Crisis
Political Science and Political Economy Working Paper Department of Government London School of Economics No. 3/2014 Monetary Policy Oversight in Comparative Perspective: Britain and America during the Financial Crisis Cheryl Schonhardt-Bailey (LSE) Monetary Policy Oversight in Comparative Perspective: Britain and America During the Financial Crisis Cheryl Schonhardt-Bailey Government Department London School of Economics and Political Science Houghton Street London WC2A 2AE [email protected] http://personal.lse.ac.uk/schonhar/ This study examines deliberation on monetary policy oversight in the US and UK between 2006 and 2009. It employs reciprocity as the key criterion for judging the quality of monetary policy oversight deliberation (i.e., committee participants are expected to engage with one another, taking up and responding to the reasons offered by other participants). Using automated content analysis, the empirical finding is that reciprocity is clearly evident in the parliamentary oversight committee, but much less so in the two congressional committees. The two country cases represent very different approaches to legislative oversight, with the UK demonstrating a committee approach both in terms of the testimony of the monetary policy body and of the behaviour of the legislative committee, while the US demonstrates a focus on a series of individual contributions both from the Fed chairman and Members of Congress. In the US, this appears to allow greater scope to divert discussion away from the primary focus of hearings (i.e., monetary policy). 1 I. Introduction In normal economic times, clashes between politicians and central bankers in legislative oversight hearings on monetary policy are not typically considered worthy of headline news coverage. -
Reform of the Bank of England a New Bank for a New Governor
Reform of the Bank of England A new Bank for a new Governor James Barty Policy Exchange is the UK’s leading think tank. We are an educational charity whose mission is to develop and promote new policy ideas that will deliver better public services, a stronger society and a more dynamic economy. Registered charity no: 1096300. Policy Exchange is committed to an evidence-based approach to policy development. We work in partnership with academics and other experts and commission major studies involving thorough empirical research of alternative policy outcomes. We believe that the policy experience of other countries offers important lessons for government in the UK. We also believe that government has much to learn from business and the voluntary sector. Trustees Daniel Finkelstein (Chairman of the Board), Richard Ehrman (Deputy Chair), Theodore Agnew, Richard Briance, Simon Brocklebank-Fowler, Robin Edwards, Virginia Fraser, Edward Heathcoat Amory, David Meller, George Robinson, Robert Rosenkranz, Andrew Sells, Patience Wheatcroft, Rachel Whetstone and Simon Wolfson. Acknowledgements We would like to thank all of the people who have given us their views on the Bank, its historic performance and what could be done to reform it. We would particularly like to thank Dan Conaghan whose book The Bank (Inside the Bank of England) is an excellent read and a great source of information. This project was also enhanced by the panel debate we had with Sir John Gieve and Andrea Leadsome MP on the future of the Bank, which prompted a number of extra lines of enquiry for us. Finally we would like to thank those who have contributed to the Financial Policy unit at Policy Exchange without whose financial assistance this report could not have been produced. -
Good Economics for Hard Times
Good Economics for Hard Times #LSEStamp Professor Esther Duflo Abdul Latif Jameel Professor of Poverty Alleviation. Development Economics in the Department of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Co-founder and co-director of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL). Professor Robin Burgess Professor of Economics in the Department of Economics at LSE and Director of the International Growth Centre Hosted by the London School of Economics and Political Science Good Economic For Hard Times Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo Most issues that are important today are core economic issues • Brexit • Trade • Immigration • Economic growth • Inequality • Social policy But economists have lost most of their credibility On most core issues people disagree with economists “Imposing new US tariffs on steel and aluminum will improve Americans well-being.” Percentage 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Percentage Average respndents Experts Most economists like migration “The average American Citizen would be better of if a larger number of low- skilled foreign workers were legally allowed to enter the US each year” And they have no interest in listening to them • ADD A PHOTO OF AN ANTI CARBON TAX RALLY, full page (I will just talk through it) Credit: Guillaume Clement, l’Humanite Why this mistrust? Economists are not good forecasters “The only function of economic forecasting is to make astrology look respectable” --John Kenneth Galbraith Four Lessons Lesson 1: incentives are overrated The “Lazy” welfare recipient Alaska permanent fund did not led people to work less Lesson 2: The economy is sticky RIP, Toqueville no one leaves home unless home is the mouth of a shark you only run for the border when you see the whole city running as well your neighbors running faster than you breath bloody in their throats the boy you went to school with who kissed you dizzy behind the old tin factory is holding a gun bigger than his body you only leave home when home won’t let you stay. -
Economics Annual Review 2018-2019
ECONOMICS REVIEW 2018/19 CELEBRATING FIRST EXCELLENCE AT YEAR LSE ECONOMICS CHALLENGE Faculty Interviews ALUMNI NEW PANEL APPOINTMENTS & VISITORS RESEARCH CENTRE BRIEFINGS 1 CONTENTS 2 OUR STUDENTS 3 OUR FACULTY 4 RESEARCH UPDATES 5 OUR ALUMNI 2 WELCOME TO THE 2018/19 EDITION OF THE ECONOMICS ANNUAL REVIEW This has been my first year as Head of the outstanding contributions to macroeconomics and Department of Economics and I am proud finance) and received a BA Global Professorship, will and honoured to be at the helm of such a be a Professor of Economics. John will be a School distinguished department. The Department Professor and Ronald Coase Chair in Economics. remains world-leading in education and research, Our research prowess was particularly visible in the May 2019 issue of the Quarterly Journal of Economics, and many efforts are underway to make further one of the top journals in the profession: the first four improvements. papers out of ten in that issue are co-authored by current colleagues in the Department and two more by We continue to attract an extremely talented pool of our former PhD students Dave Donaldson and Rocco students from a large number of applicants to all our Macchiavello. Rocco is now in the LSE Department programmes and to place our students in the most of Management, as is Noam Yuchtman, who published sought-after jobs. This year, our newly-minted PhD another paper in the same issue. This highlights how student Clare Balboni made us particularly proud by the strength of economics is growing throughout LSE, landing a job as Assistant Professor at MIT, one of the reinforcing our links to other departments as a result. -
Speech by Martin Weale at the University of Nottingham, Tuesday
Unconventional monetary policy Speech given by Martin Weale, External Member of the Monetary Policy Committee University of Nottingham 8 March 2016 I am grateful to Andrew Blake, Alex Harberis and Richard Harrison for helpful discussions, to Tomasz Wieladek for the work he has done with me on both asset purchases and forward guidance and to Kristin Forbes, Tomas Key, Benjamin Nelson, Minouche Shafik, James Talbot, Matthew Tong, Gertjan Vlieghe and Sebastian Walsh for very helpful comments. 1 All speeches are available online at www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/Pages/speeches/default.aspx Introduction Thank you for inviting me here today. I would like to talk about unconventional monetary policy. I am speaking to you about this not because I anticipate that the Monetary Policy Committee will have recourse to expand its use of unconventional policy any time soon. As we said in our most recent set of minutes, we collectively believe it more likely than not that the next move in rates will be up. I certainly consider this to be the most likely direction for policy. The UK labour market suggests that medium-term inflationary pressures are building rather than easing; wage growth may have disappointed, but a year of zero inflation does not seem to have depressed pay prospects further. However, I want to discuss unconventional policy options today because the Committee does not want to be a monetary equivalent of King Æthelred the Unready.1 It is as important to consider what we could do in the event of unlikely outcomes as the more likely scenarios. In particular, there is much to be said for reviewing the unconventional policy the MPC has already conducted, especially as the passage of time has given us a clearer insight into its effects. -
Re-Appointment of Sir Jon Cunliffe As Deputy Governor for Financial Stability at the Bank of England
House of Commons Treasury Committee Re-appointment of Sir Jon Cunliffe as Deputy Governor for Financial Stability at the Bank of England Twenty-Third Report of Session 2017–19 Report, together with formal minutes relating to the report Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 17 October 2018 HC 1626 Published on 18 October 2018 by authority of the House of Commons The Treasury Committee The Treasury Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of HM Treasury, HM Revenue and Customs and associated public bodies Current membership Nicky Morgan MP (Conservative, Loughborough) (Chair) Rushanara Ali MP (Labour, Bethnal Green and Bow) Mr Simon Clarke MP (Conservative, Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland) Charlie Elphicke MP (Independent, Dover) Stephen Hammond MP (Conservative, Wimbledon) Stewart Hosie MP (Scottish National Party, Dundee East) Mr Alister Jack MP (Conservative, Dumfries and Galloway) Alison McGovern MP (Labour, Wirral South) Catherine McKinnell MP (Labour, Newcastle upon Tyne North) John Mann MP (Labour, Bassetlaw) Wes Streeting MP (Labour, Ilford North) Powers The committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No. 152. These are available on the internet via www.parliament.uk. Publication Committee reports are published on the Committee’s website at www.parliament.uk/treascom and in print by Order of the House. Evidence relating to this report is published on the inquiry -
Essays in Development Economics
ESSAYS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS Erika Deserranno A thesis submitted to the Department of Economics of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. London, September 2015 0 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgment is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. Statement of Conjoint Work I confirm that Chapter 2 was jointly co-authored with Oriana Bandiera (Professor at the London School of Economics), Robin Burgess (Professor at the London School of Economics), Imran Rasul (Professor at the University College London), Munshi Sulaiman (Researcher at BRAC Africa), Ricardo Morel (Researcher at BRAC Africa). I contributed 50% of the work. 2 Acknowledgment The work contained in this thesis has benefited from the help and support of many people. I am immensely grateful to Oriana Bandiera for her invaluable support and advice throughout, as well as to Robin Burgess and Johannes Spinnewijn for their comments, suggestions and support. I am also very grateful to the members of The Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines (STICERD) for providing me with a great environment to work and to be in, and to the participants of the Development and Labour economics LSE brown bag seminars. -
Evidence from China's National Trunk Highway Systemi Am Grateful to R
Trade Integration, Market Size, and Industrialization: Evidence from China's National Trunk Highway System∗ Benjamin Fabery February 21, 2014 Abstract Large scale transport infrastructure investments connect both large metropolitan centers of production as well as small peripheral regions. Are the resulting trade cost reductions a force for the diffusion of industrial and total economic activity to peripheral regions, or do they reinforce the concentration of production in space? This paper exploits China's National Trunk Highway System as a large scale natural experiment to contribute to our understanding of this question. The network was designed to connect provincial capitals and cities with an urban population above 500,000. As a side effect, a large number of small peripheral counties were connected to large metropolitan agglomerations. To address non-random route placements on the way between targeted city nodes, I propose an instrumental variable strategy based on the construction of least cost path spanning tree networks. The estimation results suggest that network connections have led to a reduction in GDP growth among non-targeted peripheral counties. This effect appears to be driven by a significant reduction in industrial output growth. Additional results present evidence in support of a trade based channel in the light of falling trade costs between peripheral and metropolitan regions. Keywords: Market integration; transport infrastructure; core-periphery; industrialization JEL Classification: F12; F15; O18; R12 ∗I am grateful to Robin Burgess, Dave Donaldson, Henry Overman, Steve Redding and Daniel Sturm for their advice and encouragement, and to Lawrence Crissman at the ACASIAN Data Center at Griffith University for his support with the GIS data. -
Monetary Economics and the Political Economy of Central Banking
Monetary Economics and the Political Economy of Central Banking: * ** Inflation Targeting and Central Bank Independence Revisited 27-01-2008 Willem H. Buiter Professor of European Political Economy, European Institute. London School of Economics and Political Science * © Willem H. Buiter, 2006, 2007 ** Paper presented at the Session: ‘Changing Doctrinal Perspectives in Central Banking’ at the Central Bank of Argentina 2007 Money and Banking Conference “Monetary Policy Under Uncertainty”, June 4-5 2007, Buenos Aires, Argentina. An earlier version of this paper provided the background to a lecture given at the XI Meeting of the Research Network of Central Banks of the Americas, Buenos Aires, 22 - 24 November 2006. I would like to thank Charlie Bean, Tim Besley, Mario Blejer, Guillermo Calvo, Howard Davies, Katherine Hennings, Christopher Kent, Manuel Ramos Francia, Katerina Smidkova, Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel for comments on earlier versions of this paper. 1 Introduction There is a widespread consensus among practicing and practical central bankers as well as among theoretical and applied monetary economists, that the canonical global best practice central bank is operationally independent 1 and targets inflation 2. Historically, whenever a near-universal consensus takes hold of the economics profession, it tends to be at least half wrong. A concern that this may be happening in the areas of inflation targeting and central bank independence prompted the choice of subject for this lecture. I. Inflation targeting Inflation targeting – the pursuit of a low and stable rate of inflation over the medium-to-long term for some broadly based index of consumer prices or cost-of-living index - is best rationalised as the operational expression of the pursuit of the more fundamental objective of price stability. -
Do-Gooders and Go-Getters: Selection and Performance in Public Service
DO-GOODERS AND GO-GETTERS: SELECTION AND PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERYú Nava Ashraf Oriana Bandiera Scott S. Lee June 12, 2016 Abstract State capacity to provide public services depends on the motivation of the agents recruited to deliver them. We design an experiment to quantify the effect of agent selection on service effectiveness. The experiment, embedded in a nationwide recruitment drive for a new govern- ment health position in Zambia, shows that agents attracted to a civil service career have more skills and ambition than those attracted to “doing good”. Data from a mobile platform, ad- ministrative records, and household surveys show that they deliver more services, change health practices, and produce better health outcomes in the communities they serve. JEL classification: J24, 015, M54, D82. úAshraf: Department of Economics, LSE, [email protected]. Bandiera: Department of Economics and STICERD, LSE, [email protected]. Lee: Harvard Medical School and Harvard Business School, [email protected]. We thank the Ministry of Health of Zambia and especially Mrs. Mutinta Musonda for partnership on this project. We thank the IGC, JPAL Governance Initiative, USAID and HBS DFRD for financial support. We also thank Robert Akerlof, Charles Angelucci, Tim Besley, Robin Burgess, Paul Gertler, Edward Glaeser, Kelsey Jack, Giacomo Ponzetto, Imran Rasul, Jonah Rockoffand seminar participants at several institutions for useful comments. Adam Grant, Amy Wrzesniewski, and Patricia Satterstrom kindly provided guidance on psychometric scales. We thank Kristin Johnson, Conceptor Chilopa, Mardieh Dennis, Madeleen Husselman, Alister Kandyata, Allan Lalisan, Mashekwa Maboshe, Elena Moroz, Shotaro Nakamura, Sara Lowes, and Sandy Tsai, for the excellent research assistance and the Clinton Health Access Initiative in Zambia for their collaboration. -
Andrew G Haldane: Seizing the Opportunities from Digital Finance
Seizing the Opportunities from Digital Finance Speech given by Andy Haldane Chief Economist and Member of the Monetary Policy Committee TheCityUK 10th Anniversary Conference 18 November 2020 The views expressed here are not necessarily those of the Bank of England or the Monetary Policy Committee. I would like to thank Kathleen Blake, Shiv Chowla, Harvey Daniell, Rachel Greener, Rachel James, Jack Meaning, Varun Paul, Andrei Pustelnikov, Oliver Thew, Ryland Thomas, Cormac Sullivan and Michael Yoganayagam for their help in preparing the text. I would like to thank Andrew Bailey, Alex Brazier, Jon Cunliffe, Andrew Hauser, Alice Pugh, Christina Segal-Knowles, Silvana Tenreyro and Jan Vlieghe for their comments. 1 All speeches are available online at www.bankofengland.co.uk/news/speeches and @BoE_PressOffice Let me thank the TheCityUK for the opportunity to speak at this 10th Anniversary event at such a critical time for the financial services sector and the economy as a whole. We all live in hope of the three Rs that are the theme of the conference - Recovery, Rebalancing and Revitalisation. With the recent positive news about vaccines, that hope is now justified. I want to discuss today the three R’s in the context of financial services. Covid is a twin crisis, a health crisis and an economic crisis rolled into one. It has exposed every person and every business in every country in the world to that double jeopardy. In the UK, it has already resulted in over 50,000 deaths, more than 1 million people losing their jobs, around 9 million people seeing their incomes fall and almost the whole country feeling more anxious about the future.