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I JOHN MOORE HERITAGE SERVICES I

I TERRICK HOUSE,

I RISBOROUGH ROAD, I TERRICK I BUCKINGHAMSHIRE: I I ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF SP 8385 0840 I I I On behalfof MrD. Gomme I I I I I I JANUARY 2004 I I

John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House. Ri sborough Road. Terrickt Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Watching BriefReoorl I

REPORT FOR Mr o Gomme I Wye House Ltd Terrick House Terrick I Aylesbury Bucks HP22 5)(£

I PREPARED BY M Henderson I FIELDWORK 24th Noverrnber 2003 REPORT ISSUED 19th January 2004

I ENQUlRESTO John Moore Heritage Services Long White Cloud Waterperry Road I Holton Oxfordshire OX331PW

I Tel. 01865 876637 I I I I I I I I I I I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House. Risborough Road, Terrick. Buckinghamshire I ArchaeologicallVolching BriefReoorl I CONTENTS I Page SUMMARY

I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Site Location I 1.2 Planning Background 1.3 Historical Background I 2 AIMS OF THE INVESTIGATION 5 3 STRATEGY 5

I 3.1 Research Design 5 3.2 Methodology 6

I 4 RESULTS 6

5 FINDS 10

I 6 DISCUSSION 11 I 7 CONCLUSIONS 12 8 BIBLIOGRAPHY 13 I APPENDICES 14 I FIGURES

I Figure I Site Location 2

Figure 2 Trench Locations and the Location of Pond Features 3 I Taken from the Ellesborough Inclosure Map (1805) Figure 3 1899 Edition Ordnance Survey Map with Plan of Driveway 4 I Strip (01) Superimposed (Shaded area indicates silt deposits).

Figure 4 Foundation Trench Plan (I: 100), Driveway Plan (I :500) 7 I And Sample Sections (I :50) I I I I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Watching BriefReport Summary

I The development situated within the grounds of Terrick House involved the excavation offoundation trenches for the constnlction of a garage. Deposits recorded in the foundation trenches comprised a rich garden soil acijacent to a I modern drainage ditch that had been cut into a silted up pond forming part of a possible series of ponds. The primary silts encountered within the pond contained sherds of medieval pottery. The upper levels of the silted up pand I appear to have been sealed by a levelling layer of charcoal and in some areas by a harder layer of pebbly sand. These deposits represent post medieval backjil/ (probably 2dh Century, based on Ordnance Survey map eVidence) and I landscaping over a pondf eature that had been open and active in the medieval period.

I Additional topsoil stripping took place for the creation ofa driveway. Deposits encountered in this area indicate horticultural activity in the form of linear gullies and evidence of agricultural practices from the remains of a I ploughsoil. Water/drainage management was represented in the possible remains of a leat or channel shown on the early edition Ordnance Survey maps, or indeed forther evidence of a large sequence offishponds , subject to I silting up and backjill over time.

I 1. INTRODUCTION I 1.1 Site Location (Figure 1) The development site is located at Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terrick (NGR SP 8385 0840). The geology is Upper Greensand (British Geological I Survey, Chilterns Sheet SIN 02W), and the site lies at c. 118 m OD. I 1.2 Planning Background Planning permission had been granted (03/07261IFUL) by Wycombe District I Council for the construction of a garage, driveway and parking arrangements at Terrick House, Risborough road, Terrick. I Due to the archaeological potential of the site an archaeological watching brief was required during the construction works. John Moore Heritage Services (JMHS) in accordance with a Written Scheme of Investigation agreed with I Buckinghamshire County Archaeological Service carried out such a watching brief.

I 1.3 Historical Background (Figures 2 and 3) The site of the new garage and associated works is within the grounds of I Terrick House, a Grade IT Listed Building. A number of significant archaeological sites are known within the grounds and in the immediate vicinity, including a late Saxon strap end found 150 m from Terrick House and I a moated site (Scheduled Ancient Monument 32116).

I 1 I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Ri,borough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Walchillg Brief I 482000 483000 484000 485000

210000 ! I " I I 209000 I I I 208000 I

I E

I 207000 I

I The Site I Figure I. Site Location I I I I

I 2 I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Tenick, Buckinghamshire I Arrhaeol ical Watchin Brie I I I I

I 208300 m I

I Terr1ck House DI I I I I 208200 m

I 483700 m 483800 m Om 50m I 1:1250

I Figure 2: Trench Locations and the Location of Pond Features Taken from the Ellesborough Inclosure Map (1805) I I

I 3 I I rl John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborougb Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Walching Brief I I I

I 318 I 2·362 '. I I

I \ I I I I I ,.- I , . Om 50m I 1:1250

Figure 3: 1899 Edition Ordnance Survey Map With Plan of Driveway Strip (Dl) I Superimposed (Shaded area indicates silt deposits). I

I 4 I~------I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Watching BriefReoorl There is a possibility that a manorial site and settlement was associated with the moat, the current Terrick House eventually succeeding it. An evaluation I carried out to the north east of the moated site (Hart, 2003) located an infilled , extension to the moat and two north-south oriented ditches,

I A second moat is situated 200 m to the east (Scheduled Ancient Monument 32115), and in addition to these scheduled monuments, there is the site of a Roman Villa (CAS 902) situated 200 m to the northeast. In addition to this the I site is in close proximity to the Lower Ickneild Way (CAS 4146), a road of prehistoric and Roman origin,

I A number of ponds and associated channels are shown on the 1805 enclosure map, The ponds are believed to have been medieval fishponds associated with I the moated site (SAM 321 16): a roughly round pond was located to the north of Terrick House in addition to an elongated pond parallel to the east side of the house, extending northwards towards the round pond, The 1880 edition I Ordnance Survey map no longer shows the elongated pond, however, a channel or leat leading from the eastern corner of the moat, extending eastwards in a curve towards the Risborough Road has been added: this feature I is much reduced on the 1921 edition Ordnance Survey map,

I 2 AIMS OF THE INVESTIGATION The aims of the investigation as laid out m the Written Scheme of I Investigation were as follows:

2, I To make a record of any significant remains revealed during the course of any I operations that may disturb or destroy archaeological remains,

2.2 To record any remains that may relate to medieval settlement around Terrick I Moat, including pond and water management features, I 23 The results of the investigations will be made public, I 3 STRATEGY 3, I Research Design

I John Moore Heritage Services carried out the work to a Written Scheme of Investigation agreed with Buckinghamshire County Archaeological Service, on behalf of the local planning authority, Standard John Moore Heritage I Services techniques were employed throughout, involving the completion of a written record for each deposit encountered, with scale plans and section I drawings compiled where appropriate, The work was carried out in accordance with the standards specified by the I Institute of Field Archaeologists (1994),

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John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological WotchingBrie(Reeol1 3.2 Methodology

I The works carried out under observation involved the excavation of the foundation footprint for the garage. In addition to this, the ·new driveway was I stripped of topsoil to a depth of c. 0.30 m by mechanical excavator and a length of some 80.00 m by an average 2.50 m width was left open for inspection. The remainder of the driveway had previously been stripped and I filled with hard core. Any archaeological features observed within the open strip were located and examined for artefacts. I The footprint of the building extension was excavated to a maximum depth of 2.10 m. The trench was 0.70 m to 0.90 m wide and 7.50 m along the north ­ south axis by 13 .20 m on the east - west axis, the southern arm of the I foundation trench was 7.40 m in length, leaving an unexcavated gap of 1. 70 m before further excavation for a pier to support the entrance to the garage. The pier measured 1.10 m in length x 0.90 m width. For the purposes of this report, I each arm of the moat was treated as separate foundation trench and allocated its own number, used as a prefix to the context numbers. The location of the I foundation trenches and their identification numbers are shown on Figure 2. The work was carried out under extreme winter weather conditions, inhibiting ease of identification of the archaeological features. This was especially true I for the driveway strip, in that the area had been left open prior to examination and had been subject to the action of heavy rains. I 4 RESULTS (Figure 4)

I FOUNDATION TRENCH I (FI): this was the northern arm of the moat, orientated east-west and forming the rear of the garage construction. The natural geology was encountered at a depth of c. 1.20 m at the eastern end of the trench. This I natural deposit was cut through by Fl/12. Only a small section of this cut (c. 2.00 m in length) was visible at the eastern end of the foundation trench. The cut had been visible as a gentle slope, rising towards the east. The primary fill I of this cut feature, believed to be the edge of a pond, comprised a greyish white mottled silty deposit (F1I08) 0.40 m thick, dipping away towards the west. Deposit FI /08 was overlain by a dark silty clay (F 1/05), 0.42 m thick I containing occasional fragments of ceramic building material (CBM) and frequent charcoal flecks and fragments.

I Deposits FlI05 and FI /08 were cut through by FI /09: the cut had concave sides, the break of slope at the base was not perceptible and the base was also concave. The cut measures 3.80 m wide by 0.75 thick and contained a primary I fill (F1I06) of dark silty clay to a depth of 0.30 m. This primary fill was overlain by deposit FI /04, a mottled clayey sand incorporating frequent charcoal to a minimum depth of 0.45 m. Deposits FI /04 and FI /06 were cut I through by two wooden fence posts pushed into the layers (creating a cavity as shown on Figure 4 (F I, Section I), when the posts were removed during machine excavation. Adjacent to the terminus of the post cavity was a piece of I th modern 3" red brick. Deposit FlI04 also contained a residual sherd of 13

I 6 I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House. Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Watching Brief

I (,\ , , (FI/09) . \ , ,<03\ ,, , , . , Fl , . \ I , , / , '(\ , \{ ,. . \ J-(03) I . H. \ ., Section 1 • \ . .. . = Wall •, . __ I__ k<02) F2 • Gas main . -- - . .. ------. \ I · ,, I I ·•• • Wall •, .,. :(03~ ., Projected course ,. I •. of ditch ., •. .. I~ ., . Dl i / (to] ., •, . ) I .. ., I . I .. ,. . / ., •. F4 /1 / , •, c- / / . ,. / / I : · M~ .• •. ,- ". .t ' . ·: ~ervices . • I D .. // (Ol) / ./ / ./ ./ / F3 I / I o 5m i / 1 :100 . / ]07~/ I ! 1]09] I. 1. I I I . . I I w I . I I o 25 m (04) ...... J 1:500 (11) I (11) I (06) w"erTabIe ... ~ [ 9] . Natural [12) I I FI,Sectionl I

I S (I l) i / (16) Modem ( I Service (17) i T,,,,ch I (19) 18 I i W.terT.bIe. ·T ...... i22) ...... ;~: ~~ctiO[~I~ .... ' 0:;,· _' _<===-_-=~2~m I 1:50

I Figure 4: Foundation Trench Plan (1 : lOO). Driveway Plan (1:500) and Sample Sections (1 :50)

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I Jolm Moor. 1-lEIUT AGE SERVICES Tcmck House, Ri sborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire Archaeological Watching B,iefRep0l1

I century pottery. Cut feature F 1109 is thought to represent a drainage ditch of modem date.

I The western end of F I was disturbed by a service trench construction cut used to house a ceramic pipe. The pipe trench was 0.80 m wide by a minimum of 0.82 m thick and truncated the upper western edge of ditch cut F 1/09. The cut I had straight almost vertical paraUel sides, the base was not observed. The fiU of the pipe trench (F1110) was a dark silty sand containing a single residual sherd of mid 11th century pottery. A whitish mar! deposit (F 1111) and dark I silty clay layer (F 1107) were observed to either side of the pipe trench (Figure 2). These deposits are thought to represent a continuation of the pond fiUs I (FI/OS and FI/08) observed at the eastern end of the trench. The uppermost deposit (FI/OI) in the eastern half of foundation trench I was a thick band (0.40 m) of dark silty sandy topsoil. This deposit partially sealed I the upper fiU (F1 /04) of cut feature FII09. Above the service trench and dipping down towards the centre of ditch feature FI/09 was a dark silty sandy deposit (FII03) containing a band of charcoal, uniform in depth (0.20 m). This I deposit was observed in two of the foundation trenches (FI and F2), in both sides of the trench and may represent a leveUing layer perhaps comprising part of the infilling of the pond (FI112). Deposit FI/02, situated above FII03, I comprises a hard layer of pebbles in a sandy matrix. This deposit is thought to be a further leveUing layer, possibly in association with backfilling of the I service trench. FOUNDATION TRENCH 2 (F2): This was the western arm of the foundations, orientated north-south. The lower deposits within this trench, excavated in I some areas to a depth of 2.10 m, was difficult to examine due to the excavations extending below the water table. The lowest deposit observed was a clean greyish white chalky deposit (F2/23) thought to be the natural geology. I This deposit was cut through by F2/22, only visible at the southern end of the trench. The base of the cut was not seen due to the depth of the foundation cut I extending into the water table. A brown mottled silty clay deposit (F2119) occurred within the cut, this deposit was c.2.00 m wide, by >0.70 m thick and comprised a very hard and compact soil containing few pebbles but much iron I staining (pan). Approximately 1.85 m from the south end of the trench was a further cut I feature (F2/21): measuring 1.90 m wide by 0.43 m thick. The primary fiU (F2/18) of the feature was a charcoal rich medium brown silty sand 0.13 m thick, containing a sherd of 20"' century flowerpot. Above F2118 was a band of I pale sand, 0.30 m thick.

A deposit F2116 comprising dark gritty, pebbly sand similar in nature to the I hardcore levelling deposit in F I (F 1102) appeared to seal cut feature F2/21. The deposit was a maximum of 0.21 m thick by 3.00 m wide, tapering out I towards the north edge of the cut. Feature F2/21 cut through a band of charcoal at the northern end of the trench. I This charcoal band appeared to be a continuation of deposit F 1103 observed in I 8 I

John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, TerriC\" Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Walching Brie(ReporT

foundation trench I. The charcoal, deposit F2I20 was sealed by dark silty I sandy topsoil containing frequent modem ceramic sherds and glass fragments. The northern end of the trench was disturbed to a depth of c. 1.00 m, by 0.90 I m width due to the location of a service trench. FOUNDATION TRENCH 3 (F3): This trench was orientated east - west, parallel to FI. A single deposit (F3/31) was visible in this trench, sealed by a 0.30 m I thick layer of topsoil (F3/30). Deposit F3/31 comprised sticky, whitish grey th mottled clay 0.50 to 0.70 m thick. Five sherds of 13 century ~ot were recovered from this context in addition to a single sherd of mid 11 century I pot and a fragment of a whetstone. The service trench visible in F2 also extended into this trench for a distance of 0.90 m at the western end of the trench. A further service pipe was located 3.90 m from the west end of the I trench. The construction cut for this pipe was 0.80 m wide causing disturbance to the surrounding deposits. An additional service cable 5.30 m from the west end orientated east - west cut the trench at an oblique angle truncating the I surrounding deposits and disturbing the area up to the end of the trench (7.40 m from the western end).

I No deposits were identified in F3 that could be interpreted as the continuation of modem ditch FI/09, as the majority ofF3 was disturbed by modem service cables. That the feature originally continued in this direction was attested to by I the surface indications: clearly visible in the ground surface was a linear depression extending from F I across the interior of the construction, through I F3, continuing southwards. A gap of 1. 70 m was left unexcavated between the end of F3 and a rectangular I pit intended to support the garage entrance (Figure 4). The deposits within this pit comprised topsoil over a thick band of dark blackish brown silty sandy I topsoil, 0.30 m thick. FOUNDATION TRENCH 4 (F4): The eastern arm of the foundation trenches was much disturbed by service trenches visible in F1 and F3, as they extended I towards the northeast. This trench was excavated to a minimum depth of 1.20 m principally by hand due to the number of services in the area. The northern end of the trench contained the remains of two parallel wall footings of brick I construction separated by a distance of 1.20 m. The wall footing may have been the remains of a small building shown on the 1880 edition Ordnance survey map. The building is not shown on the 1921 edition map and must I therefore have been demolished in the intervening years between 1880 and 1921. In addition to the wall footings, only three deposits were observed in this area: a thin levelling layer (F4/41) and a rich thick garden soil (F4! 42), I 0.40 - 0.50 m thick and containing a sherd of mid 11th century pottery. The layer was sealed by the topsoil, 0.30 m thick on average.

I THE DRIVEWAY (D I): This area was stripped of topsoil and examined for any archaeological features visible in plan. The topsoil covered the entire length and breadth of the stripped area. Deposit DlI02 was visible c. 25.00 m from I the northern limit of the stripped area. Traces of modem services were located in the northern end of the stripped area, sherds of glass, fragments of brick and I 9 I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Ternck House, Risborough Road, Ternck, Buckinghamshire I Archarologica/ Watching BriefRepo!1 tile and shotgun cartridges were visible within D I /02, a deposit of moderately I compact reddish brown silty clay an average of 0.30 m thick. A single clearly defined edge was visible within the stripped area: cut DI/ IO I extended across the stripped area, oriented roughly northeast - southwest. Deposit (DI/03) extended from cut DI/IO to the northern end of the stripped area. There were variations within the deposit: the southern end, adjacent to I the cut comprised medium compact friable grey brown clay with occasional small and medium flint . The deposit then became more silty and fiiable northwest of modem deposit D I /02 incorporating charcoal flecks and flints: I I to 2% stone. A band of pale yellowish clayey silt was visible c. S.OO m from the northern limit of the strip, north of this and up to the end of the area the I soil became more silty and friable with occasional charcoal flecks. Deposit Dl/04 was an interface between Dl/OI (topsoil) and DI/05 (natural geology) south of cut Dl/lO. This deposit interpreted as a ploughsoil, I contained two sherds of medieval pottery: a 12_nth century base sherd and a 11th to early 15th century rimsherd. Two flint artefacts were also recovered dating to the later prehistoric period: a scraper and a fragment of flint blade. I The cortex of the scraper was pitted and worn. Occasional fragments of ceramic building material were also recovered from deposit DI/04.

I At the southeastern end of the stripped area two small linear gullies were found. (D1/06, 07 and DJ/OS, 09): DJ/ 07 was a linear feature 0.40 m wide by I 0.07 m thick. The sides, though parallel, were irregular and the break of slope to an irregular base was rounded. The fill (DII06) comprised a light to mid greyish brown silty clay with moderate chalk and flint flecks and occasional I charcoal flecks. A clay pipe stem was recovered from the deposit. DI/09 was 0.40 m wide by 0.10 m thick, parallel irregular sides onto a I rounded base. The fill (D 1I0S) comprised light slightly silty clay with moderate chalk flecks and occasional flint gravel. A fragment of slate/graphite I stylus was recovered from the fill. I 5 FINDS Pottery by Paul Blinkhorn

I The pottery assemblage collected from foundation trenches FI to F4 comprised 17 sherds with a total weight of 219g. A quantity of 20th century glazed ceramics were noted within the topsoil, but were not retained for I further analysis. The collected assemblage comprised sherds of earlier medieval date, with the exception of a single small modem sherd. The range of medieval fabrics present suggest that activity at the site stopped before the I middle of the 13th century, as Potterspury ware (MK fabric MC6), a very common find at medieval sites in the region, which post-dates that time, is I completely absent.

I 10 I I John Moor. HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Arr:/JOOOiogical Walci'illgBrieCRepon The assemblage was recorded using the coding system of the Milton Keynes Archaeological Unit type-series (e.g. Mynard and Zeepvat 1992; Zeepvat et al. I 1994), as follows:

MS3: Medieval Grey Sandy Wares. Mid 11th - late 14th century. 12 sherds, I 122g. MC9: BrilllBoarstall Ware c. ADI200-?1600. 3 sherds, 47g. MS29: Flint-grilted ware, 12th - 13th centu.ry. I sherd, 47g. I In addition, the following was noted: I HE: Modem flowerpot. Fine, red slightly sandy fabric. I sherd, 3g. The pottery occurrence by number and weight (in grams) of sherds per fabric type is shown in Table I. Each date should be regarded as a termimls post I quem.

I Table I: Pottery occurrence by number and weight (in grams) of sherds per context by fabric type

I MS3 MC9 MS29 HE F Context No Wt No Wt No Wt No Wt Date I I 4 I 6 I 22 I 47 13thC I 10 1 8 MIlthC? 2 UIS 3 36 I 7 UIS I 2 18 I 3 2OthC? 3 31 5 36 I 18 13thC 4 31 I 28 MllthC? I 4 42 I 8 MllthC? Total 12 122 3 47 I 47 I 3 I Two further sherds were retrieved from the driveway strip (D I); both sherds came from context DII4). The two sherds had a total weight of 53 g, of which I a single sherd weighed 47 g and was identified as a base sherd in flint gritted th ware (Milton Keynes fabric MS29) dating from the 12th to 13 century. The other sherd, a small rim sherd (6 g) in Medieval Grey Sandy ware (MK fabric I MS3) was dated as 11th to 15th century. Both sherds were abraded and could I well have been redeposited in a later context. 6 DISCUSSION

I The map evidence available for this site points to a series of fishponds and water management features subject to silting up and eventual backfill over time. The 1805 map shows several pond features probably associated with the I moated site south west of the current development. Two round ponds are shown on the map (Figure 2) in addition to an elongated and irregular pond I that may represent a conjoined series of smaller ponds.

I 11 I I John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terric1" Buckinghamshire I ArcIraeo/ogica/ Watd,ing Brie(Repor1 The location of the elongated pond superimposed on the garage foundation correlates well with the features observed during the watching brief in that no I pond material was found in F4, the eastern arm of the foundations.

The map evidence also indicates that shrinkage of the original pond had I already occurred by 1805: the edge of the pond does not extend as far as the western foundation trench (F2). The archaeological investigation revealed evidence that the pond had originally extended further to the west (into F2) I due to the presence of primary silting deposits. The presence of medieval pottery sherds in the primary silts (F3 /31) indicate that the pond may have been open and active in the medieval period prior to silting up and overall I reduction in size to become the pond shown on the 1805 map.

The eventual bacldill, levelling and general landscaping of the pond site is I attested to by the charcoal and hard pebbly layers sealing the earlier pond deposits. The fact that the elongated pond is not shown on the 1880 edition Ordnance Survey map shows that the pond had been entirely backfilled and I landscaped over by that date.

The ditch feature (F2/2 I) recorded in trench F2, section 2 did not extend into I the western section of the trench and may therefore represent a channel draining into the pond. Ditch feature F2I09 however, cut through the pond I feature as was clear from the surface indications of the course of the ditch. Deposit D 1/03 located within the driveway strip have been interpreted as I indicating the silting up of a water feature, possibly remains of the leat shown on the 1880 and 1899 Ordnance Survey maps. However, as the conditions under which the investigation took place were difficult and as only a single I edge was identified (D III 0), it is difficult to securely interpret the feature. The broad band of silts and soils within deposit DI/03 appear to extend over a far wider area than that of the leat shown on the early maps. This may suggest a I further pond feature in existence, but silted up and backfilled prior to the 1805 Inclosure map. I The linear features recorded at the southern end of the topsoil strip are of an agricultural or horticultural nature. Discussions with Mr David Gomme revealed that a programme of horticultural works in the area was undertaken I by his father at the site in the 1950's.

I 7 CONCLUSIONS

The deposits recorded in the foundation trenches (FI-F4) comprise a rich I garden soil (F4/42) adjacent to a modern drainage ditch (FI /09) cut through a large silted up pond, open and active in the medieval period, and still open by 1805 (Inclosure Map). Further drainage into the pond was suggested by I drainage ditch F2/2 I . The pond had silted up over time, causing a reduction in size prior to backfilling and landscaping activities resulting in it no longer I being plotted on the Ordnance Survey maps.

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John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Watching BriefReoorl

The topsoil strip of the driveway had revealed a wide feature that may I represent part of a leat shown on the 1880 and 1889 edition Ordnance Survey maps, or part of a further series of silted up and backfil]ed ponds. The medieval pottery recovered from a ploughsoil (DI/04) indicates medieval I activity to tbe east of the moated site (SAM 32116). The gullies located at the southern end of the driveway provide evidence of horticultural activity; the I finds recovered from these features provide a modem origin for such activity.

8 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Institute of Field Archaeologists. 1994. Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Field Evaluations.

Mynard, DC and Zeepvat RJ, 1992. Great Linford Bucks Archaeol Soc I Monog Ser3

Zeepvat, RJ, Roberts, JS and King, NA, 1994. Caldecotte, Milton Keynes. I Excavation and Fieldwork 1966-91 Bucks Archaeol Soc Monog Ser 9.

Hart, D, 2003. An archaeological Evaluation on Land Adjacent to Moat View. I Risborough Road. Terrick, Buckinghamshire. I I I I I I I I I I 13 I I

John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House, Risborough Road, T errick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeolog;cal JVatchingBrie(Repon I APPENDIX 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT INVENTORY Length Depth Context Type Description Width (m) (m) . Finds Date I (m) Fl 20"' 0 1 Deposit Topsoil 0.40 Of Trench Of Trench Ce ramics I Century 02 Deposit Levelling Layer 0. 10 Of Trench >2.80 - - 03 Deposi t BackfilllLevelling 0.20 Of Trench >2.20 - - I 04 Fill Upper Ditch Fill 0.45 Of Trench 3.80 Pot Modem 05 Deposit Pond Fill 0.42 Of Trench 1.20 -- I 06 Fill Primary Ditch Fill >0.30 Of Trench 3.35 Brick Modem 07 Deposit Pond Fill 0.20 Of Trench 0.13 - - I 08 Fill Lower Pond Fill >0.40 Of Trench c.2.00 -- 09 Cut Ditch Cut >0.75 Of Trench 3.80 - - Residual I 10 Fill Service Trench >0.80 Of Trench 0.82 Pot M 11 th C 11 Deposit Lower Pond Fill c. 0.50 Of Trench c. 2.00 - - I 12 Cut Pond Edge - Of Trench >2.00 -- Length Depth Context Type Description Width (m) (m) Finds Date I (m) F2 th 15 Deposit Topsoil 0.30 Of Trench Of Trench Ceramics 20 C I 16 Deposit Levelling 0.2 1 Of Trench 2.50 -- 17 Fill Ditch/Gully 0.30 Of Trench 1.90 - - Primary fill of I 18 Fill 0.13 Of Trench 1.90 Pot 20th C Ditch/gully 19 Fill Pond Fill >0.70 Of Trench c. 2.00 - - I 20 Deposit LevellinglBackfill 0.28 Of Trench > 1.20 - - 2 1 Cut Cut of Ditch/gully 0.43 Of Trench 1.90 - - I 22 Cut Pond Edge >0.40 Of Trench Of Trench -- 23 Deposit Natural - - -- -

Length I Depth Context Type Description Width (m) (m) Finds Date (m) I F3 30 Deposit Topsoil 0.30 Of Trench Of Trench - - 0.50- th 31 Deposit Pond Fill OfTrench >0.80 Pot I3 C I 0.70 I I 14 I I

John Moore HERITAGE SERVICES Terrick House. Risborough Road, Terrick, Buckinghamshire I Archaeological Wafching Brief Report

Length Depth Context Type Description Width (m) (m) Finds Date I (m) F4 I 40 Deposit Topsoil 0.30 Of Trench Of Trench - - 41 Deposit Levelling 0.10 Of Trench Pot Mllth C 0.40- 42 Deposit Garden Soil Of Trench - Pot Mllth C I 0.50 Brick wall Post- 43 Masonry 0.40 2 bricks footing -- Medieval Brick wall Post- I 44 Masonry 0.40 2 bricks - footing - Medieval

Length I Depth Context Type Description Width (m) (m) Finds Date (m) I 01 Of Of 01 Deposit Topsoil 0.20-0.25 Glass Modem Driveway Driveway Backfill of Of Glass, 02 Deposit 0.30 Modem I Service Trench Driveway - pot Backfill of Not Of Post 03 Fill water feature Excavated Driveway -- Medieval Medieval I Pot 12"'-15'h C 04 [nterface Ploughsoil - - - Later Flint I Prehistoric 05 Deposit Natural Geology -- -- - Clay Post 06 Fill Gully Fill 0.Q7 0040 Pipe - Medieval I Stem Post 07 Cut Gully Cut 0.Q7 0040 - - Medieval Post I 08 Fill Gully Fill 0.10 0040 Stylus - Medieval Post 09 Cut Gully Cut 0.10 0040 - - I Medieval Cut of Water 10 Cut - Of Trench - - - I feature I I I I I IS I