Federal Communications Commission Pt. 78
P [50 FR 38536, Sept. 23, 1985; 50 FR 39114, Sept. Partial network station ...... 76.5 27, 1985, as amended at 51 FR 34622, Sept. 30, Performance measurements ...... 76.609 1986; 52 FR 37316, Oct. 6, 1987] Personal attacks: political cablecasts ...... 76.209 Petitions, Dismissal of ...... 76.8 Petitions for waiver ...... 76.7 PART 78—CABLE TELEVISION RELAY Political editorials ...... 76.209 Possession of rules ...... 76.301 SERVICE Prime time ...... 76.5 Program carriages, STV ...... 76.64 Subpart A—General Programming, Network ...... 76.5 Protection extent: network nonduplication ...... 76.94 Sec. Public inspection file ...... 76.305 78.1 Purpose. Public office, Cablecasts by candidates for ...... 76.205 78.3 Other pertinent rules. PURPOSEÐPart 76 ...... 76.1 78.5 Definitions. Q Qualified TV station, Showing ...... 76.55 Subpart B—Applications and Licenses R Rate regulation standards ...... 76.33 78.11 Permissible service. Receiver generated interference ...... 76.617 78.13 Eligibility for license. Reference points, Major/smaller markets ...... 76.53 78.15 Contents of applications. Registration statement: signature ...... 76.14 78.16 Who may sign applications. Registration statement ...... 76.12 Relief, Special ...... 76.7 78.17 Amendment of applications. Report forms ...... 76.403 78.18 Frequency assignments. Reports: Change of operator, address, status ... 76.400 78.19 Interference. Responsibility for receiver-generated inter- 76.617 78.20 Acceptance of applications; public no- ference. tice. Rule waiver ...... 76.7 78.21 Dismissal of applications. Rules, Possession ...... 76.301 78.22 Objections to applications. S 78.23 Equipment tests. Selector switches, Input ...... 76.66 78.27 License conditions. Selector switches, input, Exemption ...... 76.70 78.29 License period. Show cause order ...... 76.9 78.31 Temporary extension of license. Signal leakage measurements ...... 76.601 Signal leakage performance criteria ...... 76.611 78.33 Special temporary authority. Signature: registration statement ...... 76.14 78.35 Assignment or transfer of control. Significantly viewed signals ...... 76.54 78.36 Frequency coordination. Special relief ...... 76.7 Special relief petitions, Dismissal of ...... 76.8 Subpart C—General Operating Special temporary authority ...... 76.29 Specified zone, TV station ...... 76.5 Requirements Sponsorship identification, List retention ...... 76.221 Sports broadcasts ...... 76.67 78.51 Remote control operation. Standards for rate regulation ...... 76.33 78.53 Unattended operation. Standards, Technical ...... 76.605 78.55 Time of operation. Station protection: network program nonduplica- 76.92 78.57 Station inspection. tion. 78.59 Posting of station and operator li- Status, operator or address change reports ...... 76.400 censes. Subscriber terminal ...... 76.5 78.61 Operator requirements. Subscribers ...... 76.5 System community unit ...... 76.5 78.63 Antenna structure marking and light- System inspection (by FCC) ...... 76.307 ing. System monitoring ...... 76.614 78.65 Additional orders. System noise ...... 76.5 78.67 Copies of rules. T 78.69 Station records. Technical standards ...... 76.605 78.75 Equal employment opportunities. Terminal isolation ...... 76.5 Terminal, Subscriber ...... 76.5 Subpart D—Technical Regulations Tests, Performance ...... 76.601 Translator station, TV ...... 76.5 78.101 Power limitations. TV markets, Boundaries of ...... 76.53 78.103 Emissions and emission limitations. TV markets, Major ...... 76.51 78.104 Authorized bandwidth and emission TV signals, Carriage non-mandatory ...... 76.60 designator. U±V 78.105 Antenna systems. Vertical blanking interval, Services on ...... 76.64 78.106 Interferences to geostationary-sat- ellites. W 78.107 Equipment and installation. Waiver, Network nonduplication ...... 76.97 78.108 Minimum path lengths for fixed Waiver, Rules ...... 76.7 links. X±Y±Z 78.109 Equipment changes. Zone, Specified, of TV station ...... 76.5 78.111 Frequency tolerance.
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78.113 Frequency monitors and measure- (a) Cable television relay service (CARS) ments. station. A fixed or mobile station used 78.115 Modulation limits. for the transmission of television and ALPHABETICAL INDEX—PART 78 related audio signals, signals of stand- AUTHORITY: Secs. 2, 3, 4, 301, 303, 307, 308, ard and FM broadcast stations, signals 309, 48 Stat., as amended, 1064, 1065, 1066, 1081, of instructional television fixed sta- 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085; 47 U.S.C. 152, 153, 154, 301, tions, and cablecasting from the point 303, 307, 308, 309. of reception to a terminal point from SOURCE: 37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, unless the point of reception to a terminal otherwise noted. point from which the signals are dis- tributed to the public. Subpart A—General NOTE: Except where the rules contained in § 78.1 Purpose. this part make separate provision, the term ‘‘Cable Television Relay service’’ or ‘‘CARS’’ The rules and regulations set forth in includes the term ‘‘Local Distribution Serv- this part provide for the licensing and ice’’ or ‘‘LDS,’’ the term ‘‘Cable Television operation of fixed or mobile cable tele- Relay service Studio to Headend Link’’ or vision relay service stations (CARS) ‘‘SHL,’’ and the term ‘‘Cable Television used for the transmission of television Relay PICKUP,’’ as defined in paragraphs and related audio signals, signals of (b), (c), and (d) of this section. standard and FM broadcast stations, (b) Local distribution service (LDS) sta- signals of instructional television fixed tion. A fixed CARS station used within stations, and cablecasting from the a cable television system or systems point of reception to a terminal point for the transmission of television sig- from which the signals are distributed nals and related audio signals, signals to the public by cable. In addition of standard and FM broadcast stations, CARS stations may be used to trans- signals of instructional television fixed mit television and related audio sig- stations, and cablecasting from a local nals to TV translator and low power transmission point to one or more re- TV stations. ceiving points, from which the commu- [43 FR 1952, Jan. 13, 1978, as amended at 47 nications are distributed to the public. FR 21503, May 18, 1982] LDS stations may also engage in repeatered operation. § 78.3 Other pertinent rules. (c) Cable Television Relay Service Stu- Other pertinent provisions of the dio to Headend Link (SHL) station. A Commission’s rules and regulations re- fixed CARS station used for the trans- lating to the cable television relay mission of television program material service (CARS) are included in the fol- and related communications from a lowing parts of this chapter: cable television studio to the headend Part 0—Commission Organization. of a cable television system. Part 1—Practice and Procedure. (d) Cable Television Relay Service Part 2—Frequency Allocations and Radio PICKUP station. A land mobile CARS Treaty Matters; General Rules and Regu- station used for the transmission of lations. television signals and related commu- Part 17—Construction Marking and Lighting nications from the scenes of events oc- of Antenna Structures. Part 21—Domestic Public Fixed Radio Serv- curring at points removed from cable ices. television studios to cable television Part 74—Experimental, Auxiliary, and Spe- studios or headends. cial Broadcast, and Other Program Dis- (e) Remote control operation. Operation tribution Services. of a station by a qualified operator on Part 76—Cable Television Service. duty at a control position from which [55 FR 46014, Oct. 31, 1990] the transmitter is not visible but which control position is equipped with § 78.5 Definitions. suitable control and telemetering cir- For purposes of this part, the follow- cuits so that the essential functions ing definitions are applicable. For that could be performed at the trans- other definitions, see part 76 (Cable mitter can also be performed from the Television Service) of this chapter. control point.
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(f) Attended operation. Operation of a ate relay stations in the system. CARS station by a qualified operator on duty licensees may interconnect their facili- at the place where the transmitting ap- ties with those of other CARS, common paratus is located with the transmitter carrier, or television auxiliary licens- in plain view of the operator. ees, and may also retransmit the sig- (g) Unattended operation. Operation of nals of such CARS, common carrier, or a station by automatic means whereby television auxiliary stations, provided the transmitter is turned on and off that the program material retransmit- and performs its functions without at- ted meets the requirements of this tention by a qualified operator. paragraph. (h) Authorized bandwidth. The maxi- (b) The transmitter of a CARS sta- mum bandwidth authorized to be used tion using FM transmission may be by a station as specified in the station multiplexed to provide additional com- license. (See §§ 2.202 and 78.104.) munication channels for the trans- (i) Cable network-entity. A cable net- mission of standard and FM broadcast work-entity is an organization which station programs and operational com- produces programs available for simul- munications directly related to the taneous transmission by cable systems technical operation of the relay system serving a combined total of at least (including voice communications, te- 5,000,000 subscribers and having dis- lemetry signals, alerting signals, fault tribution facilities or circuits available reporting signals, and control signals). to such affiliated stations or cable sys- A CARS station will be authorized only tems. where the principal use is the trans- (j) Other eligible system. A system mission of television broadcast pro- comprised of microwave radio channels gram material or cablecasting: Pro- in the Multipoint Distribution Service vided, however, That this requirement and Multichannel Multipoint Distribu- shall not apply to LDS stations. tion Services (as defined in § 21.2 of this (c) CARS station licenses may be is- chapter, and, on a part-time basis, in sued to cable television owners or oper- the Instructional Television Fixed ators or other eligible system owners Service (as defined in § 74.901 of this or operators, and to cooperative enter- chapter) that delivers multichannel prises owned by cable television owners television service over the air to sub- or operators or other eligible system scribers. owners or operators. Television trans- [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 38 lator licensees may be members of such FR 16647, June 25, 1973; 39 FR 26025, July 16, cooperative enterprises. 1974; 43 FR 1953, Jan. 13, 1978; 52 FR 7143, Mar. (d) CARS systems shall supply pro- 9, 1987; 55 FR 46015, Oct. 31, 1990] gram material to cable television sys- tems, other eligible systems, and trans- Subpart B—Applications and lator stations only in the following cir- Licenses cumstances. (1) Where the licensee of the CARS § 78.11 Permissible service. station or system is owner or operator (a) CARS stations are authorized to of the cable television systems or other relay TV broadcast and low power TV eligible systems supplied with program and related audio signals, the signals of material; or AM and FM broadcast stations, signals (2) Where the licensee of the CARS of instructional TV fixed stations, and station or system supplies program cablecasting intended for use by one or material to cable television systems, more cable television systems or other other eligible systems, or television eligible systems. LDS stations are au- translator stations either without thorized to relay television broadcast charge or on a non-profit, cost-sharing and related audio signals, the signals of basis pursuant to a written contract AM and FM broadcast stations, signals between the parties involved which of instructional television fixed sta- provides that the CARS licensee shall tions, cablecasting, and such other have exclusive control over the oper- communications as may be authorized ation of the CARS stations licensed to by the Commission. Relaying includes him and that contributions to capital retransmission of signals by intermedi- and operating expenses are accepted
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only on a cost-sharing, nonprofit basis, charge shall be notified when the prorated on an equitable basis among transmitting equipment has been re- all cable television systems or other el- turned to its licensed area. igible systems being supplied with pro- (f) A cable network-entity may use gram material in whole or in part. CARS stations to transmit their own Charges for the programming material television program materials to cable are not subject to this restriction and television systems, other eligible sys- cable network-entities may fully tems, other cable network-entities, charge for their services. Records broadcast stations, and broadcast net- showing the cost of the service and its work-entities: Provided, however, That nonprofit, cost-sharing nature shall be the bands 1990–2110 MHz, 6425–6526 MHz maintained by the CARS licensee and and 6875–7125 MHz may be used by cable held available for inspection by the network-entities only for CARS pick- Commission. up stations. (e) The license of a CARS pickup sta- (g) The provisions of paragraph (d) of tion authorizes the transmission of this section and § 78.13 of this part shall program material, and related commu- not apply to a licensee who has been li- nications necessary to the accomplish- censed in the CARS service pursuant to ment of such transmission, from the § 21.709 of this chapter, except that scenes of events occurring in places paragraph (d) of this section shall other than a cable television studio or apply with respect to facilities added the studio of another eligible system, or cable television and other eligible to the studio, headend, or transmitter systems first served after February 1, of its associated cable television sys- 1966. tem or other eligible system, or to such other cable television or other eligible [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 37 systems as are carrying the same pro- FR 15926, Aug. 8, 1972; 43 FR 1953, Jan. 13, gram material. CARS pickup stations 1978; 43 FR 25127, June 9, 1978; 44 FR 32382, may be used to provide temporary June 6, 1979; 47 FR 21503, May 18, 1982; 50 FR CARS studio-to-headend links, studio- 23421, June 4, 1985; 52 FR 7144, Mar. 9, 1987; 55 FR 46015, Oct. 31, 1990; 58 FR 44952, Aug. 25, to-transmitter links, or CARS circuits 1993] consistent with this part without fur- ther authority of the Commission: Pro- § 78.13 Eligibility for license. vided, however, That prior Commission authority shall be obtained if the A license for CARS station will be is- transmitting antenna to be installed sued only: will increase the height of any natural (a) To the owner or one who is re- formation or manmade structure by sponsible for the management and op- more than 6.1 meters (20 feet) and will eration of a cable television system, be in existence for a period of more (b) To a cooperative enterprise whol- than 2 consecutive days: And provided, ly owned by cable television owners or further, That if the transmitting equip- operators, or ment is to be operated for more than 1 (c) A cable network-entity upon day outside of the area to which the showing that the applicant is qualified CARS station has been licensed, the under the Communications Act of 1934, Commission, the Engineer in charge of that frequencies are available for the the district in which the station is li- proposed operation, and that the public censed to operate, and the Engineer in interest, convenience, and necessity charge of the district in which the will be served by a grant thereof. equipment will be temporarily oper- (d) Licensees and conditional licens- ated shall be notified at least 1 day ees of channels in the Multipoint Dis- prior to such operation. If the decision tribution Service and Multichannel to continue operation for more than 1 Multipoint Distribution Service as de- day is not made until the operation has fined in § 21.2 of this chapter, or enti- begun, notice shall be given to the ties that hold an executed lease agree- Commission and the relevant Engi- ment with an MDS or MMDS licensee neers in charge within 1 day after such or conditional licensee or with an In- decision. In all instances, the Commis- structional Television Fixed Service li- sion and the relevant Engineers in censee or permittee.
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(e) Licensees, construction permit- essing requirements under § 1.1306 of tees, and applicants of channels in the this chapter. Instructional Television Fixed Service [41 FR 3719, Jan. 23, 1976, as amended at 41 (ITFS) as defined in § 74.901 if: FR 32429, Aug. 3, 1976; 42 FR 61864, Dec. 7, (1) The station is authorized or the 1977; 50 FR 23421, June 4, 1985; 52 FR 10231, application proposes authorization as a Mar. 31, 1987; 55 FR 20398, May 16, 1990] point-to-point operation; and (2) Grant of a CARS license would § 78.16 Who may sign applications. allow displacement of any E or F chan- (a) Applications, amendments there- nel of the ITFS point-to-point oper- to, and related statements of fact re- ation by a Multipoint Distribution quired by the Commission shall be per- Service (MDS) or Multichannel sonally signed by the applicant, if the Multipoint Distribution Service applicant is an individual; by one of (MMDS) applicant, conditional li- the partners, if the applicant is a part- censee, or licensee. nership; by an officer, if the applicant [52 FR 7144, Mar. 9, 1987, as amended at 55 FR is a corporation; or by a member who is 46015, Oct. 31, 1990; 56 FR 57601, Nov. 13, 1991] an officer, if the applicant is an unin- corporated association. Applications, § 78.15 Contents of applications. amendments, and related statements of fact filed on behalf of government enti- (a) Applications for authorization in ties shall be signed by such duly elect- the Cable Television Relay Service ed or appointed officials as may be shall be submitted on FCC Form 327, competent to do so under the laws of and shall contain the information re- the applicable jurisdiction. quested therein. Applications requiring (b) Applications, amendments there- fees as set forth at part 1, subpart G of to, and related statements of fact re- this chapter must be filed in accord- quired by the Commission may be ance with § 0.401(b) of the rules. signed by the applicant’s attorney in (b) An application for a CARS studio case of the applicant’s physical disabil- to headend link or LDS station license ity or of his absence from the United shall contain a statement that the ap- States. The attorney shall in that plicant has investigated the possibility event separately set forth the reasons of using cable rather than microwave why the application is not signed by and the reasons why it was decided to the applicant. In addition, if any mat- use microwave rather than cable. ter is stated on the basis of the attor- NOTE: Each applicant filing pursuant to ney’s belief only (rather than his § 78.15 is responsible for the continuing accu- knowledge), he shall separately set racy and completeness of all information in forth his reasons for believing that such applications. The provisions of § 1.65 are such statements are true. wholly applicable to applications pursuant (c) Only the original of applications, to § 78.15, as well as to amendments filed pur- amendments, or related statements of suant to § 78.17, and objections filed pursuant to § 78.22, except that where the specific fact need be signed; copies may be con- provisins of §§ 78.15, 78.17, 78.22 conflict with formed. the provisions of § 1.65, the specific provi- (d) Applications, amendments, and sions are controlling, e.g., where require- related statements of fact need not be ments for service on specified parties of cer- submitted under oath. Willful false tain information may vary. statements made therein, however, are (c) CARS applicants must follow the punishable by fine and imprisonment, procedures prescribed in subpart 1 of United States Code, title 18, section part 1 of this chapter (§§ 1.1301 through 1001, and by appropriate administrative 1.1319) regarding the filing of environ- sanctions, including revocation of sta- mental assessments unless Commission tion license pursuant to section 312(a)(1) of the Communications Act of action authorizing construction of a 1934, as amended. CARS station would be categorically excluded from the environmental proc- [37 FR 15926, Aug. 8, 1972]
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§ 78.17 Amendment of applications. GROUP B CHANNELS Any application may be amended as a Designation Channel bound- matter of right prior to the adoption aries (GHz) date of any final action taken by the B01 1 ...... 12.7125± Commission with respect to the appli- 12.7375 cation, merely by filing the appro- B02 1 ...... 12.7375± priate number of copies of the amend- 12.7625 B03 1 ...... 12.7625± ment in question duly executed in ac- 12.7875 cordance with § 78.16. If a petition to B04 1 ...... 12.7875± deny has been filed, the amendment 12.8125 B05 1 ...... 12.8125± shall be served on the petitioner. 12.8375 1 [37 FR 15926, Aug. 8, 1972] B06 ...... 12.8375± 12.8625 B07 1 ...... 12.8625± § 78.18 Frequency assignments. 12.8875 B08 1 ...... 12.8875± (a) The Cable Television Relay Serv- 12.9125 ice is assigned the band of frequencies B09 1 ...... 12.9125± from 12.70 to 13.20 GHz. This band is 12.9375 shared with the Fixed-Satellite Service B10 1 ...... 12.9375± 12.9625 (earth-to-space) from 12.70 to 12.75 GHz B11 1 ...... 12.9625± and Television Auxiliary Broadcast 12.9875 Stations from 12.70 to 13.20 GHz. The B12 1 ...... 12.9875± following channels may be assigned to 13.0125 B13 1 ...... 13.0125± CARS stations for the propagation of 13.0375 radio waves with the indicated polar- B14 1 ...... 13.0375± ization: 13.0625 B15 1 ...... 13.0625± (1) For CARS stations using FM 13.0875 transmission: B16 1 ...... 13.0875± 13.1125 GROUP A CHANNELS B17 1 ...... 13.1125± 13.1375 1 2 Channel bound- B18 ...... 13.1375± Designation aries (GHz) 13.1625 B19 1 ...... 2 13.1625± A01 1 ...... 12.700±12.725 13.1875 1 A02 ...... 12.725±12.750 1 See footnote 1 following GROUP A CHANNELS. A03 1 ...... 12.750±12.775 2 See paragraph (l) of this section. 1 A04 ...... 12.775±12.800 NOTE: Polarization designations shall be in accordance with A05 1 ...... 12.800±12.825 IEEE standard 100±1972 as amended. A06 1 ...... 12.825±12.850 A07 1 ...... 12.850±12.875 (2) CARS stations using vestigal side- A08 1 ...... 12.875±12.900 band AM transmission and FM trans- A09 1 ...... 12.900±12.925 mission requiring a necessary band- A10 1 ...... 12.925±12.950 A11 1 ...... 12.950±12.975 width of no more than 6 MHz. A12 1 ...... 12.975±13.000 A13 1 ...... 13.000±13.025 GROUP C CHANNELS A14 1 ...... 13.025±13.050 A15 1 ...... 13.050±13.075 Channel bound- Designation aries (GHz) A16 1 ...... 13.075±13.100 A17 1 ...... 13.100±13.125 C01 1 ...... 12.7005± 1 A18 ...... 13.125±13.150 12.7065 1 2 A19 ...... 13.150± C02 1 ...... 12.7065± 13.175 12.7125 1 2 A20 ...... 13.170± C03 1 ...... 12.7125± 13.200 12.7185 1 Appropriate polarization designation: C04 1 ...... 2 12.7185± 12.7225 H=Horizontally polarized propagated radio wave. 1 V=Vertically polarized propagated radio wave. C05 ...... 12.7225± R=Right-handed (clockwise) elliptically polarized propagated 12.7285 radio wave. C06 1 ...... 12.7285± L=Left-handed (counter-clockwise) elliptically polarized 12.7345 propagated radio wave. C07 1 ...... 12.7345± 2 See paragraph (l) of this section. 12.7405 1 NOTE: Polarization designations shall be in accordance with C08 ...... 12.7405± IEEE standard 100±1972 as amended. 12.7465
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GROUP C CHANNELSÐContinued GROUP D CHANNELS
Designation Channel bound- Channel bound- aries (GHz) Designation aries (GHz)
C09 1 ...... 12.7465± D01 1 ...... 12.7597± 12.7525 12.7657 C10 1 ...... 2 12.7525± D02 1 ...... 12.7657± 12.7545 12.7717 C11 1 ...... 12.7545± D03 1 ...... 12.7717± 12.7605 12.7777 C12 1 ...... 12.7605± D04 1 ...... 2 12.7777± 12.7665 12.7817 C13 1 ...... 12.7665± D05 1 ...... 12.7817± 12.7725 12.7877 1 C14 ...... 12.7725± D06 1 ...... 12.7877± 12.7785 12.7937 1 C15 ...... 12.7785± D07 1 ...... 12.7937± 12.7845 12.7997 1 C16 ...... 12.7845± D08 1 ...... 12.7997± 12.7905 12.8057 C17 1 ...... 12.7905± D09 1 ...... 12.8057± 12.7965 12.8117 C18 1 ...... 12.7965± D10 1 ...... 2 12.8117± 12.8025 12.8137 C19 1 ...... 12.8025± D11 1 ...... 12.8137± 12.8085 12.8197 C20 1 ...... 12.8085± D12 1 ...... 12.8197± 12.8145 C21 1 ...... 12.8145± 12.8257 1 12.8205 D13 ...... 12.8257± C22 1 ...... 12.8205± 12.8317 1 12.8265 D14 ...... 12.8317± C23 1 ...... 12.8265± 12.8377 1 12.8325 D15 ...... 12.8377± C24 1 ...... 12.8325± 12.8437 12.8385 D16 1 ...... 12.8437± C25 1 ...... 12.8385± 12.8497 12.8445 D17 1 ...... 12.8497± C26 1 ...... 12.8445± 12.8557 12.8505 D18 1 ...... 12.8557± C27 1 ...... 12.8505± 12.8617 12.8565 D19 1 ...... 12.8617± C28 1 ...... 12.8565± 12.8677 12.8625 D20 1 ...... 12.8677± C29 1 ...... 12.8625± 12.8737 12.8685 D21 1 ...... 12.8737± C30 1 ...... 12.8685± 12.8797 12.8745 D22 1 ...... 12.9797± C31 1 ...... 12.8745± 12.8857 12.8805 D23 1 ...... 12.8857± C32 1 ...... 12.8805± 12.8917 12.8865 D24 1 ...... 12.8917± C33 1 ...... 12.8865± 12.8977 12.8925 D25 1 ...... 12.8977± C34 1 ...... 12.8925± 12.9037 12.8985 D26 1 ...... 12.9037± C35 1 ...... 12.8985± 12.9097 12.9045 D27 1 ...... 12.9097± C36 1 ...... 12.9045± 12.9157 12.9105 D28 1 ...... 12.9157± C37 1 ...... 12.9105± 12.9217 12.9165 D29 1 ...... 12.9217± C38 1 ...... 12.9165± 12.9277 12.9225 D30 1 ...... 12.9277± C39 1 ...... 12.9225± 12.9337 12.9285 D31 1 ...... 12.9337± C40 1 ...... 12.9285± 12.9397 12.9345 D32 1 ...... 12.9397± C41 1 ...... 12.9345± 12.9457 12.9405 D33 1 ...... 12.9457± C42 1 ...... 12.9405± 12.9517 12.9465 D34 1 ...... 12.9517± 1 See footnote 1 following GROUP A CHANNELS. 12.9577 2 For transmission of pilot subcarriers or other authorized D35 1 ...... 12.9577± narrow band signals. 12.9637
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GROUP D CHANNELSÐContinued GROUP E CHANNELSÐContinued
Channel bound- Designation Channel bound- Designation aries (GHz) aries (GHz)
D36 1 ...... 12.9637± E25 1 ...... 13.0905± 12.9697 13.0965 D37 1 ...... 12.9697± E26 1 ...... 13.0965± 12.9757 13.1025 D38 1 ...... 12.9757± E27 1 ...... 13.1025± 12.9817 13.1085 D39 1 ...... 12.9817± E28 1 ...... 13.1085± 12.9877 13.1145 D40 1 ...... 12.9877± E29 1 ...... 13.1145± 12.9937 13.1205 D41 1 ...... 12.9937± E30 1 ...... 13.1205± 12.9997 13.1265 1 D42 1 ...... 12.9997± E31 ...... 13.1265± 13.0057 13.1325 E32 1 ...... 13.1325± 1 See footnote 1 following GROUP A CHANNELS. 13.1385 2 See footnote 2 following GROUP C CHANNELS. E33 1 ...... 13.1385± 13.1445 GROUP E CHANNELS E34 1 ...... 3 13.1445± 13.1505 Channel bound- E35 1 ...... 3 13.1505± Designation aries (GHz) 13.1565 E36 1 ...... 3 13.1565± E01 1 ...... 12.9525± 13.1625 12.9585 E37 1 ...... 3 13.1625± E02 1 ...... 12.9585± 13.1685 12.9645 E38 1 ...... 3 13.1685± E03 1 ...... 12.9645± 13.1745 12.9705 E39 1 ...... 3 13.1745± E04 1 ...... 2 12.9705± 13.1805 12.9745 E40 1 ...... 3 13.1805± E05 1 ...... 12.9745± 13.1865 12.9805 E41 1 ...... 3 13.1865± E06 1 ...... 12.9805± 13.1925 12.9865 E42 1 ...... 3 13.1925± E07 1 ...... 12.9865± 13.1985
12.9925 1 1 See footnote 1 following GROUP A CHANNELS. E08 ...... 12.9925± 2 See footnote 2 following GROUP C CHANNELS. 12.9985 3 See paragraph (l) of this section. E09 1 ...... 12.9985± 13.0045 GROUP F CHANNELS E10 1 ...... 2 13.0045± 13.0065 Channel bound- E11 1 ...... 13.0065± Designation aries (GHz) 13.0125 E12 1 ...... 13.0125± F01 1 ...... 13.0125± 13.0185 13.0185 E13 1 ...... 13.0185± F02 1 ...... 13.0185± 13.0245 13.0245 E14 1 ...... 13.0245± F03 1 ...... 13.0245± 13.0305 13.0305 E15 1 ...... 13.0305± F04 1 ...... 2 13.0305± 13.0365 13.0345 E16 1 ...... 13.0365± F05 1 ...... 13.0345± 13.0425 13.0405 E17 1 ...... 13.0425± F06 1 ...... 13.0405± 13.0485 13.0465 E18 1 ...... 13.0485± F07 1 ...... 13.0465± 13.0545 13.0525 E19 1 ...... 13.0545± F08 1 ...... 13.0525± 13.0605 13.0585 E20 1 ...... 13.0605± F09 1 ...... 13.0585± 13.0665 13.0645 E21 1 ...... 13.0665± F10 1 ...... 2 13.0645± 13.0725 13.0665 E22 1 ...... 13.0725± F11 1 ...... 2 13.0665± 13.0785 13.0725 E23 1 ...... 13.0785± F12 1 ...... 13.0725± 13.0845 13.0785 E24 1 ...... 13.0845± F13 1 ...... 13.0785± 13.0905 13.0845
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GROUP F CHANNELSÐContinued GROUP K CHANNELÐContinued
Channel bound- Designation Channel bound- Designation aries (GHz) aries (GHz)
F14 1 ...... 13.0845± K10 1 ...... 12.8125± 13.0905 12.8250 F15 1 ...... 13.0905± K11 1 ...... 12.8250± 13.0965 12.8375 F16 1 ...... 13.0965± K12 1 ...... 12.8375± 13.1025 12.8500 F17 1 ...... 13.1025± K13 1 ...... 12.8500± 13.1085 12.8625 1 F18 1 ...... 13.1085± K14 ...... 12.8625± 13.1145 12.8750 1 F19 1 ...... 13.1145± K15 ...... 12.8750± 13.1205 12.8875 1 F20 1 ...... 13.1205± K16 ...... 12.8875± 13.1265 12.9000 K17 1 ...... 12.9000± F21 1 ...... 13.1265± 12.9125 13.1325 K18 1 ...... 12.9125± F22 1 ...... 13.1325± 12.9250 13.1385 K19 1 ...... 12.9250± F23 1 ...... 13.1385± 12.9375 13.1445 K20 1 ...... 12.9375± 1 3 F24 ...... 13.1445± 12.9500 13.1505 K21 1 ...... 12.9500± 1 3 F25 ...... 13.1505± 12.9625 13.1565 K22 1 ...... 12.9625± F26 1 ...... 3 13.1565± 12.9750 13.1625 K23 1 ...... 12.9750± F27 1 ...... 3 13.1625± 12.9875 13.1685 K24 1 ...... 12.9875± F28 1 ...... 3 13.1685± 13.0000 13.1745 K25 1 ...... 13.0000± F29 1 ...... 3 13.1745± 13.0125 13.1805 K26 1 ...... 13.0125± F30 1 ...... 3 13.1805± 13.0250 13.1865 K27 1 ...... 13.0250± F31 1 ...... 3 13.1865± 13.0375 13.1925 K28 1 ...... 13.0375± F32 1 ...... 3 13.1925± 13.0500 13.1985 K29 1 ...... 13.0500± 13.0625 1 See footnote 1 following GROUP A CHANNELS. K30 1 ...... 13.0625± 2 See footnote 2 following GROUP C CHANNELS. 13.0750 3 See paragraph (l) of this section. K31 1 ...... 13.0750± (3) For CARS stations using AM and 13.0875 K32 1 ...... 13.0875± FM transmission requiring a necessary 13.1000 bandwidth of no more than 12.5 MHz. K33 1 ...... 13.1000± 13.1125 GROUP K CHANNEL K34 1 ...... 13.1125± 13.1250 1 Channel bound- K35 ...... 13.1250± Designation aries (GHz) 13.1375 K36 1 ...... 13.1375± K01 1 ...... 12.7000± 13.1500 12.7125 K37 1 2 ...... 13.1500± K02 1 ...... 12.7125± 13.1625 12.7250 K38 1 2 ...... 13.1625± K03 1 ...... 12.7250± 13.1750 12.7375 K39 1 2 ...... 13.1750± K04 1 ...... 12.7375± 13.1875 12.7500 K40 1 2 ...... 13.1875± K05 1 ...... 12.7500± 13.2000 12.7625 1 See footnote 1 following GROUP A CHANNELS. K06 1 ...... 12.7625± 2 See paragraph (l) of this section. 12.7750 K07 1 ...... 12.7750± (4) The Cable Television Relay Serv- 12.7875 ice is also assigned the following fre- K08 1 ...... 12.7875± quencies in the 17,700 to 19,700 MHz 12.8000 K09 1 ...... 12.8000± band. These frequencies are co-equally 12.8125 shared with stations in fixed service
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under Parts 21, 74 and 94 of the Com- Receive mission’s Rules. Applicants may use ei- Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) (MHz) ther a two-way link or one or both fre- quencies of a frequency pair for a one- 1560 MHz Separation way link and shall coordinate proposed operations pursuant to procedures re- 17705.0 ...... 19265.0 17715.0 ...... 19275.0 quired in § 21.100(d). These bands may 17725.0 ...... 19285.0 be used for analog or digital modula- 17735.0 ...... 19295.0 tion. 17745.0 ...... 19305.0 17755.0 ...... 19315.0 (i) 2 MHz maximum authorized band- 17765.0 ...... 19325.0 width channel: 17775.0 ...... 19335.0 17785.0 ...... 19345.0 Receive 17795.0 ...... 19355.0 Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) 17805.0 ...... 19365.0 (MHz) 17815.0 ...... 19375.0 17825.0 ...... 19385.0 18141.0 ...... n/a 17835.0 ...... 19395.0 17845.0 ...... 19405.0 (ii) 6 MHz maximum authorized band- 17855.0 ...... 19415.0 17865.0 ...... 19425.0 width channels: 17875.0 ...... 19435.0 17885.0 ...... 19445.0 Receive 17895.0 ...... 19455.0 Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) 17905.0 ...... 19465.0 (MHz) 17915.0 ...... 19475.0 17925.0 ...... 19485.0 216 MHz Separation 17935.0 ...... 19495.0 17945.0 ...... 19505.0 18145.0 ...... n/a 17955.0 ...... 19515.0 17965.0 ...... 19525.0 18151.0 ...... 18367.0 17975.0 ...... 19535.0 18157.0 ...... 18373.0 17985.0 ...... 19545.0 18163.0 ...... 18379.0 17995.0 ...... 19555.0 18169.0 ...... 18385.0 18005.0 ...... 19565.0 18175.0 ...... 18391.0 18015.0 ...... 19575.0 18181.0 ...... 18397.0 18025.0 ...... 19585.0 18187.0 ...... 18403.0 18035.0 ...... 19595.0 18193.0 ...... 18409.0 18045.0 ...... 19605.0 18199.0 ...... 18415.0 18055.0 ...... 19615.0 18205.0 ...... 18421.0 18065.0 ...... 19625.0 18075.0 ...... 19635.0 18211.0 ...... 18427.0 18085.0 ...... 19645.0 18217.0 ...... 18433.0 18095.0 ...... 19655.0 18223.0 ...... 18439.0 18105.0 ...... 19665.0 18229.0 ...... 18445.0 18115.0 ...... 19675.0 18235.0 ...... 18451.0 18125.0 ...... 19685.0 18241.0 ...... 18457.0 18135.0 ...... 19695.0 18247.0 ...... 18463.0 18253.0 ...... 18469.0 (iv) 20 MHz maximum authorized 18259.0 ...... 18475.0 bandwidth channels: 18265.0 ...... 18481.0 18271.0 ...... 18487.0 Receive 18277.0 ...... 18493.0 Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) 18283.0 ...... 18499.0 (MHz) 18289.0 ...... 18505.0 1560 MHz Separation 18295.0 ...... 18511.0 18301.0 ...... 18517.0 18307.0 ...... 18523.0 17710.0 ...... 19270.0 18313.0 ...... 18529.0 17730.0 ...... 19290.0 17750.0 ...... 19310.0 18319.0 ...... 18535.0 17770.0 ...... 19330.0 18325.0 ...... 18541.0 17790.0 ...... 19350.0 18331.0 ...... 18547.0 17810.0 ...... 19370.0 18337.0 ...... 18553.0 17830.0 ...... 19390.0 18343.0 ...... 18559.0 17850.0 ...... 19410.0 18349.0 ...... 18565.0 17870.0 ...... 19430.0 18355.0 ...... 18571.0 17890.0 ...... 19450.0 18361.0 ...... 18577.0 17910.0 ...... 19470.0 17930.0 ...... 19490.0 17950.0 ...... 19510.0 (iii) 10 MHz maximum authorized 17970.0 ...... 19530.0 bandwidth channels: 17990.0 ...... 19550.0
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Receive Transmit (or receive) (MHz) Receive (or transmit) (MHz) Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) (MHz) 6430.0 ...... 6480.0 6438.0 ...... 6488.0 18010.0 ...... 19570.0 6446.0 ...... 6596.0 18030.0 ...... 19590.0 6455.0 ...... 6505.0 18050.0 ...... 19610.0 6463.0 ...... 6513.0 18070.0 ...... 19630.0 6471.0 ...... 6521.0 18090.0 ...... 19650.0 18110.0 ...... 19670.0 18130.0 ...... 19690.0 (iii) 25 MHz maximum authorized bandwidth channels. (v) 40 MHz maximum authorized bandwidth channels: Transmit (or receive) (MHz) Receive (or transmit) (MHz) 6437.5 ...... 6487.5 Receive 6462.5 ...... 6512.5 Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) (MHz) (6) 1990–2110 MHz—Mobile only. Use of 1560 MHz Separation this spectrum for direct delivery of video programs to the general public or 17720.0 ...... 19280.0 multi-channel cable distribution is not 17760.0 ...... 19320.0 17800.0 ...... 19360.0 permitted. This band is co-equally 17840.0 ...... 19400.0 shared with stations licensed pursuant 17880.0 ...... 19440.0 to parts 21 and 74 of the Commission’s 17920.0 ...... 19480.0 Rules. (Common carriers may use this 17960.0 ...... 19520.0 band pursuant to provisions of 18000.0 ...... 19560.0 18040.0 ...... 19600.0 § 21.801(b).) The following channeling 18080.0 ...... 19640.0 plan applies subject to the provisions 18120.0 ...... 19680.0 of § 74.604.
(vi) 80 MHz maximum authorized Frequency Band (MHz) bandwidth channels: 1990–2008 2008–2025 Receive Transmit (receive) (MHz) (transmit) 2025–2042 (MHz) 2042–2059 2059–2076 1560 MHz Separation 2076–2093 2093–2110 17740.0 ...... 19300.0 17820.0 ...... 19380.0 (7) 6875–7125 MHz—Mobile only. Use of 17900.0 ...... 19460.0 this spectrum for direct delivery of 17980.0 ...... 19540.0 video programs to the general public or 18060.0 ...... 19620.0 multi-channel cable distribution is not (5) 6425 to 6525 MHz-Mobile Only. permitted. This band is co-equally Paired and unpaired operations per- shared with stations licensed pursuant mitted. Use of this spectrum for direct to parts 21 and 74 of the Commission’s delivery of video programs to the gen- Rules. (Common carriers may use this eral public or multi-channel cable dis- band pursuant to provisions of tribution is not permitted. This band is § 21.801(b).) The following channeling co-equally shared with mobile stations plan applies subject to the provisions licensed pursuant to parts 21, 74 and 94 of § 74.604. of the Commission’s Rules. The follow- Frequency Band (MHz) ing channels plans apply. (i) 1 MHz maximum authorized band- 6875—6900 width channels. 6900—6925 6925—6950 Transmit (or receive) (MHz) Receive (or transmit) (MHz) 6950—6975 6975—7000 6425.5 ...... 6475.5 7000—7025 6450.5 ...... 6500.5 7025—7050 7050—7075 (ii) 8 MHz maximum authorized band- 7075—7100 width channels. 7100—7125
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(b) Television Auxiliary Broadcast avoid potential interference or to per- Service stations may be assigned chan- mit a more efficient use. In situations nels in the band 12.70–13.20 GHz subject where the number or the arrangement to the condition that no harmful inter- of channels available in these groups is ference is caused to fixed CARS sta- not adequate, or in order to avoid po- tions authorized at the time of such tential interference, or in order to grants. Translator Relay stations are achieve the required VHF channeliza- assigned on a secondary basis. New tion arrangement on the cable tele- CARS stations shall not cause harmful vision system or for repeated oper- interference to television STL and ations, or for two way transmission, or intercity relay stations authorized at upon the showing of other good cause, the time of such grants. Television the use of channels in the Groups C, D, pickup stations and CARS pickup sta- E or F and those frequencies listed in tions will be assigned channels in the paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section may band on a co-equal basis subject to the be authorized. Applicants are encour- conditions that they accept inter- aged to apply for adjacent channels ference from and cause no interference within each group of channels, except to existing or subsequently authorized that different channel arrangements television STL, television intercity may be authorized when required to relay, or fixed CARS stations. Channels conform to the required channelization in the 13.150–13.200 GHz band will be as- arrangement at VHF on the cable tele- signed exclusively to television pickup vision system, when it is necessary to and CARS pickup stations on a co- transmit non-adjacent off-the-air chan- equal basis. A cable television system nels or signals intended to fill non-ad- operator will normally be limited in jacent slots in the spectrum, or to any one area to the assignment of not avoid potential interference, or upon more than three channels for CARS other showing of good cause. pickup use: Provided, however, That ad- (f) For vestigial sideband AM trans- ditional channels may be assigned upon mission, the assigned visual carrier fre- a satisfactory showing that additional quency for each channel listed in channels are necessary and are avail- Groups C, D, E or F and those fre- able. quencies listed in paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of (c) An application for a CARS station this section shall be 1.25 MHz above the shall be specific with regard to the lower channel-edge frequency. The cen- channel or channels requested. Chan- ter frequency for the accompanying nels shall be identified by the appro- FM aural carrier in each channel shall priate designations set forth in para- be 4.5 MHz above the corresponding vis- graph (a) of this section. ual carrier frequency. (d) For CARS Fixed stations using (g) For CARS stations using double FM transmission with an authorized sideband AM transmission or FM bandwidth per channel of 25 MHz, to transmission with authorized band- conserve spectrum applicants are en- width of no more than 12.5 MHz, Group couraged to use alternate A and B K channels normally will be assigned channels such that adjacent R.F. car- to a station, although upon adequate riers are spaced 12.5 MHz. As example, showing variations in the use of chan- a fixed station in the CARS, relaying nels in Group K may be authorized on several channels, would use A01, B01, a case-by-case basis in order to avoid A02, B02, A03, etc. potential interference or to permit a (e) For CARS stations using vestigial more efficient use. sideband AM transmissions, channels (h) For double sideband AM trans- from only the Groups C, D, E or F and mission, the assigned carrier frequency those frequencies listed in paragraph for each channel listed in Group K (a)(4)(ii) of this section normally will shall be 6.25 MHz above the lower be assigned a station, although upon boundary frequency for each channel, adequate showing variations in the use and the sideband frequencies cor- of channels in Groups C, D, E or F and responding to the carrier frequency of those frequencies listed in paragraph the accompanying FM aural signal (a)(4)(ii) of this section may be author- shall be 4.5 MHz above and below the ized on a case-by-case basis in order to visual carrier frequency.
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(i) All stations shall employ no more (b) Applicants for CARS stations than a 12.5 MHz authorized bandwidth shall take full advantage of all known per channel except in any one or more techniques, such as the geometric ar- of the following circumstances: rangement of transmitters and receiv- (1) The station is a CARS pickup sta- ers, the use of minimum power re- tion; quired to provide the needed service, (2) The transmission path is more and the use of highly directive trans- than 16.1 km (10 miles) in length; mitting and receiving antenna sys- (3) The station was authorized or an tems, to prevent interference to the re- application was on file therefor prior to ception of television STL, television July 26, 1973. intercity relay, and other CARS sta- (4) Other good cause has been shown tions. that use of a bandwidth of 12.5 MHz or (c) Radio Astronomy and Radio Re- less per channel would be inefficient, search Installations. In order to mini- impractical, or otherwise contrary to mize harmful interference at the Na- the public interest. tional Radio Astronomy Observatory (j) Should any conflict arise among site located at Green Bank, Pocahontas applications for stations in this band, County, W. Va., and at the Naval Radio priority will be based on the filing date Research Observatory at Sugar Grove, of an application completed in accord- Pendleton County, W.Va., an applicant ance with the instructions thereon. for authority to construct a CARS sta- (k) Applicants for Group K channels tion, except a CARS pickup station, or shall apply for adjacent channels and for authority to make changes in the the requested channels shall overlap frequency, power, antenna height, or the least possible number of Group A antenna directivity of an existing sta- channels, except that different channel tion within the area bounded by 39°15′ arrangements may be authorized upon N. on the north, 78°30′ W. on the east, an adequate showing that the foregoing 37°30′ N. on the south and 80°30′ W. on arrangement cannot be used or would the west shall, at the time of filing be contrary to the public interest, or in such application with the Commission, order to avoid potential interference or simultaneously notify the Director, to permit a more efficient use. National Radio Astronomy Observ- (l) The band 13.15–13.20 GHz is re- atory, Post Office Box No. 2, Green served exclusively for the assignment Bank, WV 24944, in writing, of the tech- of CARS Pickup and Television Pickup nical particulars of the proposed sta- stations on a co-equal basis within a 50 tion. Such notification shall include km radius of each of the 100 television the geographical coordinates of the an- markets delineated in § 76.51. Fixed tenna, antenna height, antenna direc- Television Auxiliary stations licensed tivity if any, proposed frequency, type pursuant to applications accepted for of emission, and power. In addition, the filing before September 1, 1979, may applicant shall indicate in his applica- continue operation on channels in the tion to the Commission the date notifi- 13.15–13.20 GHz band, subject to peri- cation was made to the Observatory. odic license renewals. After receipt of such application, the [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972. Redesignated at 37 Commission will allow a period of 20 FR 15926, Aug. 8, 1972.] days for comments or objections in re- EDITORIAL NOTE: For FEDERAL REGISTER sponse to the notifications indicated. If citations affecting § 78.18, see the List of CFR an objection to the proposed operation Sections Affected in the Finding Aids sec- is received during the 20-day period tion of this volume. from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory for itself or on behalf of § 78.19 Interference. the Naval Radio Research Observatory, (a) Applications for CARS stations the Commission will consider all as- shall endeavor to select an assignable pects of the problem and take whatever frequency or frequencies which will be action is deemed appropriate. least likely to result in interference to (d) Protection for Table Mountain other licensees in the same area since Radio Receiving Zone, Boulder County, the FCC itself does not undertake fre- Colorado: Applicants for a station au- quency coordination. thorization to operate in the vicinity
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of Boulder County, Colorado under this (iv) Stations within 80 km (50 statute part are advised to give due consider- miles) with 25 kW or more ERP in the ation, prior to filing applications, to primary plane of polarization in the az- the need to protect the Table Mountain imuthal direction of the Table Moun- Radio Receiving Zone from harmful in- tain Radio Receiving Zone. terference. These are the research lab- (2) Applicants concerned are urged to oratories of the Department of Com- communicate with the Radio Fre- merce, Boulder County, Colorado. To quency Management Coordinator, De- prevent degradation of the present am- partment of Commerce, Research Sup- bient radio signal level at the site, the port Services, NOAA R/E5X2, Boulder Department of Commerce seeks to en- Laboratories, Boulder, CO 80303; tele- sure that the field strengths of any ra- phone (303) 497–6548, in advance of filing diated signals (excluding reflected sig- their applications with the Commis- nals) received on this 1800 acre site (in sion. the vicinity of coordinates 40°07′50′′N (3) The Commission will not screen Latitude, 105°14′40′′W Longitude) result- applications to determine whether ad- ing from new assignments (other than vance consultation has taken place. mobile stations) or from the modifica- However, applicants are advised that tion or relocation of existing facilities such consultation can avoid objections do not exceed the following values: from the Department of Commerce or proceedings to modify any authoriza- In authorized bandwidth of service tion which may be granted which, in fact, delivers a signal at the site in ex- Frequency range Field Power flux strength density 1 cess of the field strength specified (mV/m) (dBW/m2) herein. (e) Protection for Federal Commu- Below 540 kHz ...... 10 ¥65.8 540 to 1600 kHz ...... 20 ¥59.8 nications Commission monitoring sta- 1.6 to 470 MHz ...... 10 2 ¥65.8 tions: 470 to 890 MHz ...... 30 2 ¥56.2 (1) Applicants in the vicinity of an Above 890 MHz ...... 1 2 ¥85.8 FCC monitoring station for a radio sta- 1 Equivalent values of power flux density are caculated as- suming free space characteristic impedance of 376.7=120π tion authorization to operate new ohms. transmitting facilities or changed 2 Space stations shall conform to the power flux density lim- its at the earth's surface specified in appropriate parts of the transmitting facilities which would in- FCC rules, but in no case should exceed the above levels in crease the field strength produced over any 4 kHz band for all angles of arrival. the monitoring station over that pre- (1) Advance consultation is viously authorized are advised to give recomended particularly for those ap- consideration, prior to filing applica- plicants who have no reliable data tions, to the possible need to protect which indicates whether the field the FCC stations from harmful inter- strength or power flux density figures ference. Geographical coordinates of in the above table would be exceeded the facilities which require protection by their proposed radio facilities (ex- are listed in § 0.121(c) of the Commis- cept mobile stations). In such in- sion’s Rules. Applications for stations stances, the following is a suggested (except mobile stations) which will guide for determining whether coordi- produce on any frequency a direct wave nation is recommended: fundamental field strength of greater (i) All stations within 2.4 km (1.5 than 10 mV/m in the authorized band- statute miles); width of service (¥65.8 dBW/m2 power (ii) Stations within 4.8 km (3 statute flux density assuming a free space miles) with 50 watts or more effective characteristic impedance of 120 ohms) radiated power (ERP) in the primary at the referenced coordinates, may be plane of polarization in the azimuthal examined to determine extent of pos- direction of the Table Mountain Radio sible interference. Depending on the Receiving Zone; theoretical field strength value and ex- (iii) Stations within 16 km (10 statute isting root-sum-square or other ambi- miles) with 1 kW or more ERP in the ent radio field signal levels at the indi- primary plane of polarization in the az- cated coordinates, a clause protecting imuthal direction of the Table Moun- the monitoring station may be added tain Radio Receiving Zone; to the station authorization.
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(2) In the event that calculated value thorization which will cause harmful of expected field exceeds 10 mV/m interference. 2 (¥65.8 dBW/m ) at the reference coordi- [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 37 nates, or if there is any question FR 15926, Aug. 8, 1972; 37 FR 26733, Dec. 15, whether field strength levels might ex- 1972; 38 FR 1920, Jan. 19, 1973; 42 FR 33037, ceed the threshold value, advance con- June 29, 1977; 44 FR 77167, Dec. 31, 1979; 45 FR sultation with the FCC to discuss any 78694, Nov. 26, 1980; 50 FR 32418, Aug. 12, 1985; protection necessary should be consid- 50 FR 40863, Oct. 7, 1985; 50 FR 45406, Oct. 31, 1985; 58 FR 44952, Aug. 25, 1993; 61 FR 8478, ered. Prospective applicants may com- Mar. 5, 1996] municate with: Chief, Compliance and Information Bureau, Federal Commu- § 78.20 Acceptance of applications; nications Commission, Washington, public notice. D.C. 20554, Telephone (202) 632–6980. (a) Applications which are tendered (3) Advance consultation is suggested for filing in Washington, DC, are dated particularly for those applicants who upon receipt and then forwarded to the have no reliable data which indicates Mass Media Bureau where an adminis- whether the field strength or power trative examination is made to ascer- flux density figure indicated would be tain whether the applications are com- exceeded by their proposed radio facili- plete. Applications found to be com- ties (except mobile stations). In such plete or substantially complete, are ac- instances, the following is a suggested cepted for filing and are given a file guide for determining whether an ap- number. In case of minor defects as to plicant should coordinate: completeness, the applicant will be re- (i) All stations within 2.4 kilometers quired to supply the missing informa- (1.5 statute miles); tion. Applications which are not sub- (ii) Stations within 4.8 kilometers (3 stantially complete will be returned to statute miles) with 50 watts or more the applicant. Applications requiring fees as set forth at Part 1, Subpart G of average effective radiated power (ERP) this chapter must be filed in accord- in the primary plane of polarization in ance with § 0.401(b) of the rules. the azimuthal direction of the Monitor- (b) Acceptance of an application for ing Stations. filing means only that it has been the (iii) Stations within 16 kilometers (10 subject of a preliminary review by the statute miles) with 1 kW or more aver- Commission’s administrative staff as age ERP in the primary plane of polar- to completeness. Applications which ization in the azimuthal direction of are determined to be clearly not in ac- the Monitoring Station; cordance with the Commission’s rules (iv) Stations within 80 kilometers (50 or other requirements, unless accom- statute miles) with 25 kW or more av- panied by an appropriate request for erage ERP in the primary plane of po- waiver, will be considered defective and larization in the azimuthal direction of will not be accepted for filing, or if in- the Monitoring Station; advertently accepted for filing, will be (4) Advance coordination for stations dismissed. Requests for waiver shall operating above 1000 MHz is rec- show the nature of the waiver or excep- ommended only where the proposed tion desired and shall set forth the rea- station is in the vicinity of a monitor- sons in support thereof. ing station designated as a satellite (c) The Commission will give public monitoring facility in section 0.121(c) notice of all applications and major of the Commission’s Rules and also amendments thereto which have been meets the criteria outlined in para- accepted for filing. No application shall graphs (f) (2) and (3) of this section. be acted on less than thirty (30) days (5) The Commission will not screen from the date of public notice. applications to determine whether ad- [37 FR 15926, Aug. 8, 1972, as amended at 52 vance consultation has taken place. FR 10231, Mar. 31, 1987] However, applicants are advised that such consultation can avoid objections § 78.21 Dismissal of applications. from the Federal Communications (a) Any application may, on request Commission or modification of any au- of the applicant, be dismissed without
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prejudice as a matter of right prior to cable to any objections duly filed pur- the adoption date of any final action suant to this paragraph. taken by the Commission with respect [37 FR 15927, Aug. 8, 1972, as amended at 50 to the application. An applicant’s re- FR 23421, June 4, 1985] quest for the return of an application will be regarded as a request for dis- § 78.23 Equipment tests. missal. (a) Following the grant of a CARS li- (b) Failure to prosecute an applica- cense, the licensee, during the process tion, or failure to respond to official of construction of the station, may, correspondence or request for addi- without further authority from the tional information, will be cause for Commission, conduct equipment tests dismissal. Such dismissal will be with- for the purpose of such adjustments out prejudice if it occurs prior to the and measurements as may be necessary adoption date of any final action taken to assure compliance with the terms of by the Commission with respect to the the authorization, the technical provi- application. sions of the application therefore, the rules and regulations, and the applica- [37 FR 15927, Aug. 8, 1972] ble engineering standards. (b) The Commission may notify the § 78.22 Objections to applications. licensee to conduct no tests or may (a) Any party in interest may file a cancel, suspend, or change the date for petition to deny any application the beginning of equipment tests as (whether as originally filed or as and when such action may appear to be amended) no later than thirty (30) days in the public interest, convenience, and after issuance of a public notice of the necessity. acceptance for filing of any such appli- (c) The test authorized in this section cation or amendment thereto. Peti- shall be conducted only as a necessary tions to deny shall contain specific al- part of construction. legations of fact sufficient to show that [50 FR 23421, June 4, 1985] the petitioner is a party in interest and that a grant of the application would § 78.27 License conditions. be prima facie inconsistent with the (a) Authorizations (including initial public interest, convenience, and ne- grants, modifications, assignments or cessity. Such allegations of fact shall, transfers of control, and renewals) in except for those of which official notice the Cable Television Relay Service to may be taken, be supported by affida- serve cable television systems and vit of a person or persons with personal other eligible systems, shall contain knowledge thereof. the condition that cable television sys- (b) The applicant may file an opposi- tems shall operate in compliance with tion to any petition to deny, and the the provisions of part 76 (Cable Tele- petitioner may file a reply to such op- vision Service) of this chapter and that position (see § 1.45 of this chapter), in other eligible systems shall operate in compliance with the provisions of part which allegations of fact or denials 21 and part 74 of this chapter. thereof shall be supported by affidavit (b) CARS stations licensed under this of a person or persons with personal subpart are required to commence op- knowledge thereof. eration within one year of the date of (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of the license grant. paragraph (a) of this section, before (1) The licensee of a CARS station Commission action on any application shall notify the Commission in writing for an instrument of authorization, any when the station commences oper- person may file informal objections to ation. Such noitification shall be sub- the grant. Such objections may be sub- mitted on or before the last day of the mitted in letter form (without extra authorized one year construction pe- copies) and shall be signed by the ob- riod; otherwise, the station license jector. The limitation on pleadings and shall be automatically forfeited. time for filing pleadings provided for in (2) CARS licensees needing additional § 1.45 of this chapter shall not be appli- time to complete construction of the
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station and commence operation shall § 78.33 Special temporary authority. request an extension of time 30 days (a) Notwithstanding the require- before the expiration of the one year ments of §§ 78.15 and 78.20, in cir- construction period. Exceptions to the cumstances requiring immediate or 30-day advance filing requirement may temporary use of facilities, a request be granted where unanticipated delays may be made for special temporary au- occur. thority to install and operate new equipment or to operate licensed equip- [50 FR 23421, June 4, 1985, as amended at 55 FR 46015, Oct. 31, 1990] ment in a manner different from that authorized in a station license. Any § 78.29 License period. such request may be in letter form, and shall be submitted in duplicate: Pro- Licenses for CARS stations will be is- vided, however, That in cases of emer- sued for a period not to exceed five (5) gency involving danger to life or prop- years. On and after February 1, 1966, li- erty or due to damage to equipment, censes for CARS stations ordinarily such request may be made by telephone will be issued for a period expiring on or telegraph with the understanding February 1, 1971, and, when regularly that a written request shall be submit- renewed, at 5-year intervals thereafter. ted within ten (10) days thereafter. When a license is granted subsequent (b) Special temporary authority may to the last renewal date for CARS sta- also be requested to conduct a field tions, the license will be issued only for survey to determine necessary data in the unexpired period of the current li- connection with the preparation of a cense term of such stations. The li- formal application for installation of a cense renewal date applicable to CARS radio system under this part. Such au- stations may be varied as necessary to thority may be granted to equipment permit the orderly processing of re- suppliers and others who are not opera- tors of cable television systems or newal applications, and individual sta- other eligible systems, as well as to tion licenses may be granted or renwed cable operators or other eligible sys- for a shorter period of time than that tem operators, to conduct equipment, generally prescribed for CARS stations, program, service, and path tests. if the Commission finds that the public (c) Any request for special temporary interest, convenience, and necessity authority shall be clear and complete would be served by such action. within itself as to the authority re- quested. In addition, such requests § 78.31 Temporary extension of license. shall contain the following informa- Where there is pending before the tion: Commission any application, investiga- (1) Name, address, and citizenship of tion, or proceeding which, after hear- applicant; ing, might lead to or make necessary (2) Grounds for special action, includ- the modification of, revocation of or ing a description of any emergency or the refusal to renew an existing cable damage to equipment; television relay station license, the (3) Type of operation to be conducted; Commission will grant a temporary ex- (4) Purpose of operation; (5) Time and date of proposed oper- tension of such license: Provided, how- ation; ever, That no such temporary extension (6) Class of station and nature of shall be construed as a finding by the service; Commission that the operation of any (7) Location of station; CARS station thereunder will serve the (8) Equipment to be used, specifying public interest, convenience, and ne- manufacturer, model number, and cessity beyond the express terms of number of units; such temporary extension of license: (9) Frequency or frequencies desired, And provided, further, That such tem- consistent with § 78.18: Provided, how- porary extension of license will in no- ever, That in the case of events of wide- wise affect or limit the action of the spread interest and importance that Commission with respect to any pend- cannot be transmitted successfully on ing application or proceeding. these frequencies, frequencies assigned
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to other services may be requested on a assignment or transfer of control or showing that operation thereon will otherwise notify the FCC in cases not cause interference to established where the change in ownership does stations: And provided, further, That in not affect the identity or controlling no case will a cable television relay interest of the licensee. service operation be authorized on fre- quencies employed for the safety of life [37 FR 15927, Aug. 8, 1972, as amended at 50 FR 23421, June 4, 1985] and property; (10) Plate power input to final radio § 78.36 Frequency coordination. frequency stage; (11) Type of emission; (a) 12.7–13.25 GHz. Coordination of (12) Description of antenna to be fixed and mobile assignments will be in used, including height. In the event accordance with the procedures set that the proposed antenna installa- forth below. tions will increase the height of any (1) Before filing an application for natural formation, or existing man- new or modified facilities under this made structure, by more than 6.1 me- part the applicant must perform a fre- ters (20 feet), a vertical plan sketch quency engineering analysis to ensure showing the height of the structures that the proposed facilities will not proposed to be erected, the height cause interference to existing or pre- above ground of any existing structure, viously applied for stations in this the elevation of the site above mean band of a magnitude greater than that sea level, and the geographic coordi- specified below. nates of the proposed sites shall be sub- (2) The general criteria for determin- mitted with the application. ing allowable adjacent or co-channel (d) Except in emergencies involving interference protection to be afforded, safety of life or property or due to regardless of system length or type of damage to equipment, a request for modulation, multiplexing or frequency special temporary authority shall be band shall be such that the interfering filed at least ten (10) days prior to the signal shall not produce more than 1.0 date of proposed operation, or shall be dB degradation of the practical thresh- accompanied by a statement of reasons old of the protected receiver. The deg- for the delay in submitting such re- radation is determined by calculating quest. the ratio in dB between the desired car- (e) If the Commission finds that spe- rier signal and undesired interfering cial temporary authority is in the pub- signal (C/I ratio) appearing at the input lic interest, it may grant such author- to the receiver under investigation (the ity for a period not exceeding ninety victim receiver). The development of (90) days, and, on a like finding, may the C/I ratios from the criteria for extend such authority for one addi- maximum allowable interference level tional period not to exceed ninety (90) per exposure and the methods used to days. perform path calculations shall follow [37 FR 15927, Aug. 8, 1972, as amended at 55 generally acceptable good engineering FR 46015, Oct. 31, 1990; 58 FR 44952, Aug. 25, practices. Procedures as may be devel- 1993] oped by the Electronics Industries As- sociation (EIA), the Institute of Elec- § 78.35 Assignment or transfer of con- trical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. trol. (IEEE), the American National Stand- (a) No assignment of the license of a ards Institute (ANSI) or any other rec- cable television relay station or trans- ognized authority will be acceptable to fer of control of a CARS licensee shall the Commission. occur without prior FCC authorization. (3) Where the development of the car- (b) If an assignment or transfer of rier to interference ratio (C/I) is not control does not involve a substantial covered by generally acceptable proce- change of interests, the provisions of dures or where the applicant does not §§ 78.20(c) and 78.22, concerning public wish to develop the carrier to inter- notice and objections, shall be waived. ference ratio, the applicant shall em- (c) Licensees of CARS stations are ploy the following C/I protection ra- not required to submit applications for tios:
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(i) Co-channel interference: For both ating a signal. The transmitting appa- sideband and carrier-beat, (applicable ratus shall be inspected as often as to all bands) the previously authorized may be necessary to insure proper op- system shall be afforded a carrier to eration. interfering signal protection ratio of at (4) The control circuits shall be so de- least 90 dB. signed and installed that short cir- (ii) Adjacent channel interference: cuits, open circuits, other line faults, The existing or previously authorized or any other cause which would result system shall be afforded a carrier to in loss of control of the transmitter interfering signal protection ratio of at will automatically cause the transmit- least 56 dB. ter to cease radiating. (b) 6425–6525 MHz and 17.7–19.7 GHz. (b) An application for authority to Coordination of fixed and mobile as- construct a new station or to make signments will be in accordances with changes in the facilities of an existing the procedure established in § 21.100(d), station and which proposes operation except that the prior coordination proc- by remote control shall include an ade- ess for mobile (temporary fixed) assign- quate showing of the manner of compli- ments may be completed orally and the ance with the requirements of this sec- period allowed for response to a coordi- tion. nation notification may be less than 30 (c) The Commission may notify the days if the parties agree. licensee not to commence remote con- [48 FR 50736, Nov. 3, 1983, as amended at 52 trol operation, or to cancel, suspend, or FR 7144, Mar. 9, 1987] change the date of the beginning of such operation as and when such action Subpart C—General Operating may appear to be in the public interest, Requirements convenience, or necessity. [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 41 § 78.51 Remote control operation. FR 29695, July 19, 1976; 49 FR 20671, May 16, (a) A CARS station may be operated 1984; 50 FR 23421, June 4, 1985] by remote control: Provided, That such § 78.53 Unattended operation. operation is conducted in accordance with the conditions listed below: And (a) A CARS station may be operated provided further, That the Commission, unattended: Provided, That such oper- in Washington, DC, is notified at least ation is conducted in accordance with 10 days prior to the beginning of such the conditions listed below: And pro- operation and that such notification is vided further, That the Commission, in accompanied by a detailed description Washington, DC, is notified at least 10 showing the manner of compliance days prior to the beginning of unat- with the following conditions: tended operation if such operation is (1) The transmitter and associated not indicated on the station authoriza- control system shall be installed and tion. protected in a manner designed to pre- (1) The transmitter and associated vent tampering or operation by unau- control circuits shall be installed and thorized persons. protected in a manner designed to pre- (2) An operator shall be on duty at vent tampering or operation by unau- the remote control position and in ac- thorized persons. tual charge thereof at all times when (2) If the transmitting apparatus is the station is in operation. located at a site which is not readily (3) Facilities shall be provided at the accessible at all hours and in all sea- control position which will permit the sons, means shall be provided for turn- operator to turn the transmitter on ing the transmitter on and off at will and off at will. The control position from a location which can be reached shall also be equipped with suitable de- promptly at all hours and in all sea- vices for observing the overall charac- sons. teristics of the transmissions and a (3) Personnel responsible for the carrier operated device which will give maintenance of the station shall be a continuous visual indication when- available on call at a location which ever the transmitting antenna is radi- will assure expeditious performance of
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such technical servicing and mainte- § 78.59 Posting of station and operator nance as may be necessary whenever licenses. the station is operating. In lieu there- (a) The station license and any other of, arrangements may be made to have instrument of authorization or individ- a person or persons available at all ual order concerning the construction times when the transmitter is operat- or the equipment or manner of oper- ing, to turn the transmitter off in the ation shall be posted at the place where event that it is operating improperly. the transmitter is located, so that all The transmitter may not be restored to terms thereof are visible except as oth- operation until the malfunction has erwise provided in paragraphs (b) and been corrected by a technically quali- (c) of this section. fied person. (b) In cases where the transmitter is (4) The station licensee shall be re- operated by remote control, the docu- sponsible for the proper operation of ments referred to in paragraph (a) of the station at all times and is expected this section shall be posted in the man- to provide for observations, servicing ner described at the control point of and maintenance as often as may be the transmitter. necessary to ensure proper operation. (c) In cases where the transmitter is All adjustments or tests during or co- operated unattended, the name of the incident with the installation, servic- licensee and the call sign of the unat- ing, or maintenance of the station tended station shall be displayed at the which may affect its operation shall be transmitter site on the structure sup- performed by or under the immediate porting the transmitting antenna, so supervision of a technically qualified as to be visible to a person standing on person. the ground at the transmitter site. The (b) The Commission may notify the display shall be prepared so as to with- licensee not to commence unattended stand normal weathering for a reason- operation, or to cancel, suspend, or able period of time and shall be main- change the date of the beginning of tained in a legible condition at all such operation as and when such action times by the licensee. The station li- may appear to be in the public interest, cense and other documents referred to convenience, or necessity. in paragraph (a) of this section shall be kept at the nearest attended station (Secs. 1, 2, 301, 307, 48 Stat., as amended 1064, or, in cases where the licensee of the 1081, 1083; (47 U.S.C. 151, 152, 301, 307)) unattended station does not operate at- [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 41 tended stations, at the point of des- FR 29695, July 19, 1976; 42 FR 61864, Dec. 7, tination of the signals relayed by the 1977; 43 FR 4617, Feb. 3, 1978; 43 FR 25127, unattended station. June 9, 1978; 49 FR 20671, May 16, 1984; 50 FR 23422, June 4, 1985; 50 FR 32418, Aug. 12, 1985] [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 49 FR 20671, May 16, 1984] § 78.55 Time of operation. § 78.61 Operator requirements. A CARS station is not expected to adhere to any prescribed schedule of (a) Except in cases where a CARS operation. Continous radiation of the station is operated unattended in ac- carrier without modulation is per- cordance with § 78.53 or except as pro- mitted provided harmful interference vided in other paragraphs of this sec- is not caused to other authorized sta- tion, a person shall be on duty at the tions. place where the transmitting appara- tus is located, in plain view and in ac- [43 FR 25127, June 9, 1978] tual charge of its operation or at a re- mote control point established pursu- § 78.57 Station inspection. ant to the provision of § 78.51, at all The station and all records required times when the station is in operation. to be kept by the licensee shall be Control and monitoring equipment at a made available for inspection upon re- remote control point shall be readily quest by any authorized representative accessible and clearly visible to the op- of the Commission. erator at that position.
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(b) Any transmitter tests, adjust- § 78.65 Additional orders. ments, or repairs during or coincident In case the rules of this part do not with the installation, servicing, oper- cover all phases of operation with re- ation or maintenance of a CARS sta- spect to external effects, the Commis- tion which may affect the proper oper- sion may make supplemental or addi- ation of such station shall be made by tional orders in each case as may be or under the immediate supervision deemed necessary. and responsibility of a person respon- sible for proper functioning of the sta- § 78.67 Copies of rules. tion equipment. The licensee of a CARS station shall (c) The operator on duty and in have a current copy of this part 78, and, charge of a CARS station may, at the in cases where aeronautical obstruc- discretion of the licensee, be employed tion marking of antennas is required, for other duties or for the operation of part 17 of this chapter shall be avail- another station or stations in accord- able for use by the operator in charge. ance with the rules governing such sta- Both the licensee and the operator or tions. However, such duties shall in no operators responsible for the proper op- way impair or impede the required su- eration of the station are expected to pervision of the CARS station. be familiar with the rules governing (d) CARS stations operating with CARS stations. Copies of the Commis- nominal transmitter power of 250 sion’s rules may be obtained from the milliwatts or less may be operated by Superintendent of Documents, Govern- any person whom the licensee shall ment Printing Office, Washington, DC designate. Pursuant to this provision, 20402, at nominal cost. the designated person shall perform as the licensee’s agent and proper oper- § 78.69 Station records. ation of the station shall remain the li- Each licensee of a CARS station shall censee’s responsibility. maintain records showing the follow- (e) Mobile CARS stations operating ing: with nominal transmitter power in ex- (a) For all attended or remotely con- cess of 250 milliwatts may be operated trolled stations, the date and time of by any person whom the licensee shall the beginning and end of each period of designate: Provided that a person is on transmission of each channel; duty at a receiving end of the circuit to (b) For all stations, the date and supervise operation and to imme- time of any unscheduled interruptions diately institute measures sufficient to to the transmissions of the station, the assure prompt correction of any condi- duration of such interruptions, and the tion of improper operation that may be causes thereof; observed. (c) For all stations, the results and (Secs. 1, 2, 301, 307, 48 Stat., as amended, 1064, dates of the frequency measurements 1081, 1083; (47 U.S.C. 151, 152, 301, 307)) made pursuant to § 78.113 and the name of the person or persons making the [43 FR 4617, Feb. 3, 1978, as amended at 49 FR 20671, May 16, 1984; 50 FR 32418, Aug. 12, 1985] measurements; (d) For all stations, when service or § 78.63 Antenna structure marking and maintenance duties are performed, lighting. which may affect a station’s proper op- eration, the responsible operator shall The owner of each antenna structure sign and date an entry in the station’s is responsible for ensuring that the records, giving: structure, if required, is painted and/or illuminated in accordance with part 17 (1) Pertinent details of all transmit- ter adjustments performed by the oper- of this chapter. In the event of default ator or under the operator’s super- by the owner, each licensee shall be re- vision. sponsible for ensuring that the struc- ture complies with applicable painting (e) When a station in this service has an antenna structure which is required and lighting requirements. to be illuminated, appropriate entries [61 FR 4368, Feb. 6, 1996] shall be made as follows:
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(1) The time the tower lights are (g) For all stations, no station record turned on and off each day, if manually or portion thereof shall be erased, ob- controlled. literated, or willfully destroyed within (2) The time the daily check of proper the period of retention required by operation of the tower lights was made, rule. Any necessary correction may be if an automatic alarm system is not made only by the person who made the employed. original entry who shall strike out the (3) In the event of any observed or erroneous portion, initial the correc- otherwise known failure of a tower tion made, and show the date the cor- light: rection was made. (i) Nature of such failure. (h) For all stations, station records (ii) Date and time the failure was ob- shall be retained for a period of not less served or otherwise noted. than 2 years. The Commission reserves (iii) Date, time, and nature of the ad- the right to order retention of station justments, repairs, or replacements records for a longer period of time. In made. cases where the licensee or permittee (iv) Identification of Flight Service has notice of any claim or complaint, Station (Federal Aviation Administra- the station record shall be retained tion) notified of the failure of any code until such claim or complaint has been or rotating beacon light not corrected fully satisfied or until the same has within 30 minutes, and the date and been barred by statute limiting the time such notice was given. time for filing of suits upon such (v) Date and time notice was given to claims. the Flight Service Station (Federal Aviation Administration) that the re- [41 FR 29695, July 19, 1976, as amended at 49 quired illumination was resumed. FR 20672, May 16, 1984; 50 FR 23422, June 4, (4) Upon completion of the 3-month 1985] periodic inspection required by § 78.63(c): § 78.75 Equal employment opportuni- (i) The date of the inspection and the ties. condition of all tower lights and associ- See Subpart E, Part 76 of this chap- ated tower lighting control devices, in- ter. dicators, and alarm systems. [51 FR 9966, Mar. 24, 1986] (ii) Any adjustments, replacements, or repairs made to insure compliance with the lighting requirements and the Subpart D—Technical Regulations date such adjustments, replacements, or repairs were made. § 78.101 Power limitations. (f) For all stations, station record en- (a) On any authorized frequency, the tries shall be made in an orderly and average power delivered to an antenna legible manner by the person or per- shall be the minimum amount of power sons competent to do so, having actual necessary to carry out the communica- knowledge of the facts required, who tions desired. In no event shall the av- shall sign the station record when erage transmitter power or equivalent starting duty and again when going off isotropically radiated power (EIRP) ex- duty. ceed the values specified below.
Maximum allowable transmit- Maximum allowable EIRP Frequency band (MHz) ter power Fixed (W) Mobile (W) Fixed (dBW) Mobile (dBW)
1,990 to 2,110 ...... 20.0 ...... 6,425 to 6,525 ...... 20.0 ...... +35 6,875 to 7,125 ...... 20.0 ...... +35 12,700 to 13,250 ...... 5.0 1.5 +55 +45 17,700 to 18,600 ...... 10.0 ...... +55 ...... 18,600 to 18,800 ...... 1 10.0 ...... +35 ...... 18,800 to 19,700 ...... 10.0 ...... +55 ...... 31,000 to 31,300 ...... 0.05 0.05 ......
1 The power delivered to the antenna is limited to ¥3 dBW.
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(b) LDS stations shall use for the vis- output power of the transmitter in ac- ual signal-vestigial sideband AM trans- cordance with the following schedule: mission. When vestigial sideband AM (1) When using frequency modulation: transmission is used the peak power of (i) On any frequency removed from the visual signal on all channels shall the assigned (center) frequency by be maintained within 2 dB of equality. more than 50% up to and including The mean power of the aural signal on 100% of the authorized bandwidth: At each channel shall not exceed a level of least 25 dB; 7 dB below the peak power of the visual (ii) On any frequency removed from signal. the assigned (center) frequency by more than 100% up to and including [45 FR 78694, Nov. 26, 1980, as amended at 52 250% of the authorized bandwidth: At FR 7144, Mar. 9, 1987] least 35 dB; (iii) On any frequency removed from § 78.103 Emissions and emission limi- tations. the assigned (center) frequency by more than 250% of the authorized band- (a) A CARS station may be author- width: At least 43+10 log 10 (mean out- ized to employ any type of emission, put power in watts) dB, or 80 dB, for which there are technical standards whichever is the lesser attenuation. incorporated in Subpart D of this part, (2) When using digital modulation: suitable for the simultaneous trans- (i) In any 1 MHz band, the center fre- mission of visual and aural television quency of which is removed from the signals. assigned frequency by more than 50% (b) Any emission appearing on a fre- up to and including 250% of the author- quency outside of the channel author- ized bandwidth: As specified by the fol- ized for a transmitter shall be attenu- lowing equation but in no event less ated below the power of the emission in than 11 dB. accordance with the following sched- A=11+0.4 (P–50)+10 log B ule: 10 (1) For stations using FM or double where: sideband AM transmission: A=Attenuation (in dB) below the mean out- put power level. (i) On any frequency above the upper P=Percent removed from the carrier fre- channel limit or below the lower chan- quency. nel limit by between zero and 50 per- B=Authorized bandwidth in MHz. cent of the authorized channel width: [Attenuation greater than 56 decibels At least 25 decibels below the mean is not required.] power of the emission; (ii) In any 4 kHz band, the center fre- (ii) On any frequency above the upper quency of which is removed from the channel limit or below the lower chan- assigned frequency by more than 250% nel limit by more than 50 percent and of the authorized bandwidth: At least up to 150 percent of the authorized 43=10 log10 (mean output power in channel width: At least 35 decibels watts) dB, or 80 dB, whichever is the below the mean power of the emission; lesser attenuation. and (3) Amplitude Modulation: (iii) On any frequency above the For vestigial sideband AM video: On upper channel limit or below the lower any frequency removed from the center channel limit by more than 150 percent frequency of the authorized band by of the authorized channel width: At more than 50%: at least 50 dB below least 43+10 log10 (power in watts) deci- peak power of the emission. bels below the mean power of the emis- (d) In the event that interference to sion. other stations is caused by emissions (2) For CARS stations using vestigial outside the authorized channel, the sideband AM transmission: At least 50 Commission may require greater at- decibels below the peak power of the tenuation than that specified in para- emission. graph (b) of this section. (c) For operation in the 17.7.7–19.7 (e) The maximum bandwidth that GHz band: will be authorized per frequency as- The mean power of any emission signment is set out in the table that shall be attenuated below the mean follows. Regardless of the maximum
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authorized bandwidth specified for (c) The emission designator shall be each frequency band, the Commission specified in terms of the necessary reserves the right to issue a license for bandwidth. (See § 2.201(a) of this chap- less than the maximum bandwidth if it ter.) appears that a bandwidth less than the maximum would be sufficient to sup- [39 FR 26025, July 16, 1974, as amended at 45 FR 78694, Nov. 26, 1980] port an applicant’s intended commu- nications. § 78.105 Antenna systems.
Frequency band (MHz) Maximum authorized band- (a) For fixed stations operating in width (MHz) the 12.7–13.2 and 17.7–19.07 GHz bands, 1,990 to 2,110 ...... 17 or 18. and for fixed and mobile stations oper- 6,425 to 6,525 ...... 8 or 25. ating in the 31.0–31.3 GHz bands, the 6,875 to 7,125 ...... 25. 12,700 to 13,250 ...... 25. following standards apply: 17,700 to 19,700 ...... 80. (1) Fixed CARS stations shall use di- 31,000 to 31,300 ...... 25 or 50. rectional antennas that meet the per- formance standards indicated in the [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 37 following table. FR 15927, Aug. 8, 1972; 38 FR 16648, June 25, (i) Stations must employ an antenna 1973; 39 FR 26025, July 16, 1974; 48 FR 50736, that meets the performance standards Nov. 3, 1983; 49 FR 37779, Sept. 26, 1984; 52 FR 7145, Mar. 9, 1987] for Category B. In areas subject to fre- quency congestion, where proposed fa- § 78.104 Authorized bandwidth and cilities would be precluded by contin- emission designator. ued use of a Category B antenna, a Cat- (a) The authorized bandwidth per- egory A antenna must be employed. mitted to be used by a CARS station The Commission may require the use of and specified in the station license a high performance antenna where in- shall be the occupied or necessary terference problems can be resolved by bandwidth, whichever is greater, ex- the use of such antennas. cept when otherwise authorized by the (ii) Upon adequate showing of need to Commission in accordance with para- serve a larger sector, or more than a graph (b) of this section. single sector, greater beamwidth or (b) As an exception to the provision multiple antennas may be authorized. of paragraph (a) of this section, the Applicants shall request and authoriza- Commission may approve requests to tion for stations in this service will base the authorized bandwidth for the specify the polarization of each trans- station on the lesser of the occupied or mitted signal. necessary bandwidth where a persua- (iii) Licensees shall comply with the sive showing is made that: antenna standards table shown in this (1) The frequency stability of the paragraph in the following manner: transmitting equipment to be used will (A) With either the maximum beam- permit compliance with § 78.103(b)(1) width to 3 dB points requirement or and, additionally, will permit 99 per- with the minimum antenna gain re- cent of the total radiated power to be quirement; and kept within the frequency limits of the (B) With the minimum radiation sup- assigned channel. pression to angle requirement.
ANTENNA STANDARDS
Maximum Minimum radiation suppression to angle in de- beamwidith grees from centerline of main beam in decibels to 3 dB Minimum Frequency (MHz) Category points 1 (in- antenna ° 10° 15° 20° 30° 100° 140° cluded gain (dbi) 5 to to to to to to to angle in 10° ° ° ° ° ° ° degrees) 15 20 30 100 140 180
12,700 to 13,250 ...... A 1.0 n/a 23 28 35 39 41 42 50 B 2.0 n/a 20 25 28 30 32 37 47 17,700 to 19,700 ...... A 2.2 38 25 29 33 36 42 55 55 B 2.2 38 20 24 28 32 35 36 36 31,000 to 31,300 2 ...... n/a 3 4.0 38 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
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ANTENNA STANDARDSÐContinued
Maximum Minimum radiation suppression to angle in de- beamwidith grees from centerline of main beam in decibels to 3 dB Minimum Frequency (MHz) Category points 1 (in- antenna ° 10° 15° 20° 30° 100° 140° cluded gain (dbi) 5 to to to to to to to angle in 10° ° ° ° ° ° ° degrees) 15 20 30 100 140 180
38,600 to 40,000 ...... A 2.2 38 25 29 33 36 42 55 55 B 2.2 38 20 24 28 32 35 36 36 1 If a licensee chooses to show compliance using maximum beamwidth to 3 dB points, the beamwidth limit shall apply in both the azimuth and the elevation planes. 2 Mobile, except aeronautical, mobile, stations need not comply with these standards. 3 The minimum front-to-back ratio shall be 38 dBi.
(2) New periscope antenna systems are effective for all new applications will be authorized upon a certification accepted for filing after October 1, 1981. that the radiation, in a horizontal (b) Any fixed station licensed pursu- plane, from an illuminating antenna ant to an application accepted for fil- and reflector combination meets or ex- ing prior to October 1, 1981, may con- ceeds the antenna standards of this tinue to use its existing antenna sys- section. This provision similarly ap- tem, subject to periodic renewal until plies to passive repeaters employed to April 1, 1992, After April 1, 1992, all li- redirect or repeat the signal from a censees are to use antenna systems in station’s directional antenna system. conformance with the standards of this (3) The choice of receiving antennas section. TV auxiliary broadcast sta- is left to the discretion of the licensee. tions are considered to be located in an However, licensees will not be pro- area subject to frequency congestion tected from interference which results and must employ a Category A antenna from the use of antennas with poorer when: performance than defined in paragraph (1) A showing by an applicant of a (a) of this section. new CAR service or TV auxiliary (4) The transmitting antenna system broadcast, which shares the 12.7–13.20 of stations employing maximum equiv- GHz band with CARS, indicates that alent isotropically radiated power ex- use of a category B antenna limits a ceeding +45 dBW in the frequency band proposed project because of inter- between 12.70 and 12.75 GHz shall be ori- ference, and ented so that the direction of maxi- (2) That use of a category A antenna mum radiation of any antenna shall be will remedy the interference thus al- at least 1.5° away from the geo- stationary satellite orbit, taking into lowing the project to be realized. account the effect of atmospheric re- (c) As an exception to the provisions fractions.1 of this section, the FCC may approve (5) Pickup stations are not subject to requests for use of periscope antenna the performance standards herein stat- systems where a persuasive showing is ed. The provisions of this paragraph made that no frequency conflicts exist in the area of proposed use. Such ap- provals shall be conditioned to require 1 See Chapter I, Article 1, Section III of the conversion to a standard antenna as re- (International) Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1959), as amended, for Technical Characteris- quired in paragraph (a) of this section tics Terms and Definitions. Additional infor- when an applicant of a new TV auxil- mation and methods for calculating azi- iary broadcast or Cable Television muths to be avoided may be found in the fol- Relay station indicates that the use of lowing: Report 393, International Radio Con- the existing antenna system will cause sultative Committee (C.C.I.R.); ‘‘Geo- interference and the use of a category stationary Orbit Avoidance Computer Pro- A or B antenna will remedy the inter- gram,’’ Reort CC–7220, Federal Communica- ference. tions Commission, available from the Na- tional Technical Information Service, (d) As a further exception to the pro- Springfield, VA 22151, in printed form (PB– vision of paragraph (a) of this section 211 500) or source card deck (PB–211 501). the Commission may approve antenna
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systems not conforming to the tech- fixed station operating in this band nical standards where a persuasive shall be aimed within 1.5 degrees of the showing is made that: geostationary-satellite orbit, taking (1) Indicates in detail why an an- into account atmospheric refraction. tenna system complying with the re- However, exception may be made in un- quirements of paragraph (a) of this sec- usual circumstances upon a showing tion cannot be installed, and that there is no reasonable alternative (2) Includes a statement indicating to the transmission path proposed. If that frequency coordination as re- there is no evidence that such excep- quired in § 78.18a was accomplished. tion would cause possible harmful in- [45 FR 78694, Nov. 26, 1980, as amended at 49 terference to an authorized satellite FR 37779, Sept. 26, 1984; 50 FR 7343, Feb. 22, system, said transmission path may be 1985; 51 FR 19841, June 3, 1986; 56 FR 50664, authorized on waiver basis where the Oct. 8, 1991; 62 FR 4923, Feb. 3, 1997] maximum value of the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) § 78.106 Interferences to geo- does not exceed +45 dBW for any an- stationary-satellites. tenna beam directed within 1.5 degrees These limitations are necessary to of the stationary satellite orbit. minimize the probability of harmful in- (c) Methods for calculating the azi- terference to reception in the bands muths to be avoided may be found in: 2655–2690 MHz, 5850–7075 MHz, and 12.7– CCIR Report No. 393 (Green Books), 13.25 GHz on board geostationary space New Delhi, 1970; in ‘‘Radio-Relay An- stations in the fixed-satellite service tenna Pointing for controlled Inter- (part 25). Facilities authorized prior to ference With Geostationary-Satellites’’ July 1, 1978 which exceed the power lev- by C.W. Lundgren and A.S. May, Bell els in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this sec- System Technical Journal, Vol. 48, No. 10, tion are permitted to operate indefi- pp. 3387–3422, December 1969; and in nitely, provided that the operation of ‘‘Geostationary Orbit Avoidance Com- such facilities does not result in harm- puter Program’’ by Richard G. Gould, ful interference to reception in these Common Carrier Bureau Report CC– band on board geostationary space sta- 7201, FCC, Washington, DC, 1972. This tions. latter report is available through the (a) 2655 to 2690 MHz and 5850 to 7075 National Technical Information Serv- MHz. No directional transmitting an- ice, U.S. Department of Commerce, tenna utilized by a fixed station oper- Springfield, VA 22151, in printed form ating in these bands shall be aimed (PB–211 500) or source card deck (PB– within 2 degrees of the geostationary- 211 501). satellite orbit, taking into account at- mospheric refraction. However, excep- [52 FR 7145, Mar. 9, 1987] tion may be made in unusual cir- § 78.107 Equipment and installation. cumstances upon a showing that there is no reasonable alternative to the (a) From time to time the Commis- transmission path proposed. If there is sion publishes a revised list of type ap- no evidence that such exception would proved, type accepted and certain noti- cause possible harmful interference to fied equipment entitled ‘‘Radio Equip- an authorized satellite system, said ment List’’. Copies of this list are transmission path may be authorized available for inspection at the Commis- on waiver basis where the maximum sion’s office in Washington, DC and at value of the equivalent isotropically each of its field offices. radiated power (EIRP) does not exceed: (b) Applications for new cable tele- (1) +47 dBW for any antenna beam di- vision relay stations, other than fixed rected within 0.5 degrees of the station- stations, will not be accepted unless ary satellite orbit or the equipment specified therein has (2) +47 to +55 dBW, on a linear decibel been type accepted. In the case of fixed scale (8 dB per degree) for any antenna stations, the equipment must be either beam directed between 0.5 degrees and type accepted or notified for use pursu- 1.5 degrees of the stationary orbit. ant to the provisions of this subpart. (b) 12.7–13.25 GHz. No directional As of March 5, 1984, transmitters de- transmitting antenna utilized by a signed to be used exclusively with fixed
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stations shall be approved under notifi- § 78.108 Minimum path lengths for cation (see § 2.904(d) of this chapter). fixed links. Transmitters designed for use in the (a) The distance between end points 31.0 to 31.3 GHz band shall be author- of a fixed link must equal or exceed the ized under the notification procedure. value set forth in the table below or (1) All transmitters first licensed or the EIRP must be reduced in accord- marketed shall comply with technical ance with the equation set forth below. standards of this subpart. This para- graph (b)(1) of this section is effective Frequency band (MHz) Minimum path length (km) October 1, 1981. 12,200 to 13,250 ...... 5 (2) Neither type acceptance nor noti- Above 17,700 ...... N/A fication is required for the following transmitters: (b) For paths shorter than those spec- ified in the Table, the EIRP shall not (i) Those which have an output power exceed the value derived from the fol- not greater than 250 mW and which are lowing equation. used in a CARS pickup station operat- ing in the 12.7–13.2 GHz band; and EIRP=30–20 log [A/B], dBW (ii) Those used under a developmen- Where: tal authorization. EIRP=equivalent isotropic radiated power in (c) Cable television relay station dBW. transmitting equipment authorized to A=Minimum path length from the Table for be used pursuant to an application ac- the frequency band in kilometers. cepted for filing prior to October 1, B=The actual path length in kilometers. 1981, may continue to be used, pro- (c) Upon an appropriate technical vided, that if operation of such equip- showing, applicants and licensees un- ment causes harmful interference due able to meet the minimum path length to its failure to comply with the tech- requirement may be granted an excep- nical standards set forth in this sub- tion to these requirements. part the Commission may, at its dis- cretion, require the licensee to take NOTE: Links authorized prior to April 1, 1987, are excluded from this requirement, ex- such corrective action as is necessary cept that, effective April 1, 1992, the Commis- to eliminate the interference. sion will require compliance with the cri- (d) The installation of a CARS sta- teria where an existing link would otherwise tion shall be made by or under the im- preclude establishment of a new link. mediate supervision of a qualified engi- neer. Any tests or adjustments requir- [52 FR 7145, Mar. 9, 1987] ing the radiation of signals and which § 78.109 Equipment changes. could result in improper operation shall be conducted by or under the im- (a) Formal application is required for mediate supervision of a person with any of the following changes: required knowledge and skill to per- (1) Any increase in emission band- width beyond that authorized; form such tasks. (2) Any change in the transmitting (e) Simple repairs such as the re- antenna system of a station, other placement of tubes, fuses, or other than a CARS pickup station, including plug-in components which require no the direction of the main radiation particular skill may be made by an un- lobe, directive pattern, antenna gain or skilled person. Repairs requiring re- transmission line; placement of attached components or (3) Any horizontal change in the loca- the adjustment of critical circuits or tion of the antenna, other than a CARS corroborative measurements shall be pickup station, transmitter. made only by a person with required (4) Any change in the type of modula- knowledge and skill to perform such tion; tasks. (5) Any change in the location of a [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 45 station transmitter, other than a FR 78695, Nov. 26, 1980; 49 FR 4001, Feb. 1, CARS pickup station transmitter, ex- 1984; 49 FR 20672, May 16, 1984; 50 FR 7343, cept a move within the same building Feb. 22, 1985] or upon the tower or mast or a change
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in the area of operation of a CARS [52 FR 7145, Mar. 9, 1987] pickup station. (6) Any change in frequency assign- § 78.113 Frequency monitors and ment, including polarization; measurements. (7) Any change in authorized operat- (a) The licensee of each CARS station ing power. shall employ a suitable procedure to (b) Other equipment changes not spe- determine that the carrier frequency of cifically referred to in paragraph (a) of each transmitter is maintained within this section may be made at the discre- the tolerance prescribed in § 78.111 at tion of the licensee, provided that the all times. The determination shall be Engineer in Charge of the radio district made, and the results thereof entered in which the station is located and the in the station records: when a trans- Commission in Washington, DC, are no- mitter is initially installed; when any tified in writing upon the completion change is made in a transmitter which of such changes and provided further, may affect the carrier frequency or the that the changes are appropriately re- stability thereof; or in any case at in- flected in the next application for re- tervals not exceeding one year. newal of licenses of the station. (b) The choice of apparatus to meas- (c) Any application proposing a ure the operating frequency is left to change in the height of the antenna the discretion of the licensee. However, structure or its location shall include failure of the apparatus to detect de- the Antenna Structure Registration partures of the operating frequency in Number (FCC Form 854R) of the struc- excess of the prescribed tolerance will ture upon which it proposes to locate not be deemed an acceptable excuse for its antenna. In the event the antenna the violation. structure does not have a Registration [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 41 Number, the owner of the antenna FR 29696, July 19, 1976; 50 FR 23422, June 4, structure shall file an FCC Form 854 1985] (‘‘Application for Antenna Structure Registration’’) in accordance with part § 78.115 Modulation limits. 17 of this chapter or the applicant shall (a) If amplitude modulation is em- provide a detailed explanation as to ployed, negative modulation peaks why registration and clearance are not shall not exceed 100 percent modula- required. tion. [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 38 [37 FR 3292, Feb. 12, 1972, as amended at 45 FR 6827, Mar. 3, 1973; 41 FR 29696, July 19, FR 78696, Nov. 26, 1980] 1976; 61 FR 4368, Feb. 6, 1996] ALPHABETICAL INDEX—PART 78 § 78.111 Frequency tolerance. A Stations in this service shall main- Antenna systems ...... 78.105 tain the carrier frequency of each au- Applications— thorized transmitter to within the fol- Acceptance of; public notice ...... 78.20 lowing percentage of the assigned fre- Amendments of ...... 78.17 quency. Contents of ...... 78.15 Dismissal of ...... 78.21 Frequency tolerance Objections to ...... 78.22 Frequency band (MHz) Fixed Mobile Signing of ...... 78.16 (percent) (percent) Assignment or transfer of control ..... 78.35 Authority, Temporary ...... 78.33 1,990 to 2,110 ...... 0.005 Authorized bandwidth ...... 78.104 6,425 to 6,525 ...... 0.005 6,875 to 7,125 ...... 0.005 B 12,700 to 13,250 1 ...... 0.005 0.005 17,700 to 18,820 ...... 0.003 ...... Bandwidth authorized ...... 78.104 18,820 to 18,920 ...... 0.001 ...... C 18,920 to 19,700 ...... 0.003 ...... 31,000 to 31,300 ...... 0.05 0.05 Changes in equipment ...... 78.109 Conditions for license ...... 78.27 1 Stations that employing vestigal sideband AM trans- Coordination, frequencies ...... 78.36 missions shall maintain their operating frequency within 0.0005% the visual carrier, and the aural carrier shall be 4.5 Cross reference to other rules ...... 78.3 MHz± 1 kHz above the visual carrier frequency.
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D Rules, Possession of ...... 78.67 Definitions ...... 78.5 S E Service, Permissible ...... 78.11 Eligibility for license ...... 78.13 Station and operator licenses, Post- Emission designator ...... 78.104 ing of ...... 78.59 Emissions; emission limitations ...... 78.103 Station inspection by FCC ...... 78.57 Equal employment opportunities ...... 78.75 Station records ...... 78.69 Equipment changes ...... 78.109 T Equipment installation ...... 78.107 Temporary authority ...... 78.33 Equipment list, Type accepted ...... 78.107 Temporary extension of license ...... 78.31 Equipment tests ...... 78.23 Tests— Extension of license, Temporary ...... 78.31 Equipment ...... 78.23 F Program ...... 78.25 Frequency assignments ...... 78.18 Service ...... 78.25 Frequency coordination ...... 78.36 Time of operation ...... 78.55 Frequency monitors and measure- Tolerance, Frequency ...... 78.111 ments ...... 78.113 Towers, Lighting and maintenance ... 78.63 Frequency tolerance ...... 78.111 Transfer of control or assignment ..... 78.35 Type accepted equipment ...... 78.107 G–H [Reserved] U I Unattended operation ...... 78.53 Interference ...... 78.19 Inspection of station by FCC ...... 78.57 V–Z [Reserved] Installation of equipment ...... 78.107 [50 FR 38537, Sept. 23, 1985] J–K [Reserved] L PART 79—CLOSED CAPTIONING OF License conditions ...... 78.27 License eligibility ...... 78.13 VIDEO PROGRAMMING License extension, Temporary ...... 78.31 License period ...... 78.29 AUTHORITY: 47 U.S.C. 613. Licenses, station and operator, Post- ing of ...... 78.59 SOURCE: 62 FR 48493, Sept. 16, 1997, unless Lighting and maintenance of towers 78.63 otherwise noted. Limitations, Power ...... 78.101 EFFECTIVE DATE NOTE: At 62 FR 48493, Limits of modulation ...... 78.115 Sept. 16, 1997, part 79 was added, effective M Jan. 1, 1998. Maintenance and lighting of towers .. 78.63 Modulation limits ...... 78.115 § 79.1 Closed captioning of video pro- Monitors and Measurements, Fre- gramming. quency ...... 78.113 (a) Definitions. For purposes of this N [Reserved] section the following definitions shall O apply: (1) Video programming. Programming Operation by remote control ...... 78.51 Operation, Time of ...... 78.55 provided by, or generally considered Operation, Unattended ...... 78.53 comparable to programming provided Operator and station licenses, Post- by, a television broadcast station that ing of ...... 78.59 is distributed and exhibited for residen- Operator requirements ...... 78.61 tial use. Video programming includes P advertisements of more than five min- Period of license ...... 78.29 utes in duration but does not include Permissible service ...... 78.11 advertisements of five minutes’ dura- Possession of rules ...... 78.67 tion or less. Posting of operator and station li- (2) Video programming distributor. Any censes ...... 78.59 television broadcast station licensed Power limitations ...... 78.101 by the Commission and any multi- Purpose of Part 78 ...... 78.1 channel video programming distributor Q [Reserved] as defined in § 76.1000(e) of this chapter, R and any other distributor of video pro- Records of station ...... 78.69 gramming for residential reception Remote control operation ...... 78.51 that delivers such programming di- Rules in other Parts ...... 78.3 rectly to the home and is subject to the
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