Paul Baran Papers M1817
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Strategic Use of the Internet and E-Commerce: Cisco Systems
Journal of Strategic Information Systems 11 (2002) 5±29 www.elsevier.com/locate/jsis Strategic use of the Internet and e-commerce: Cisco Systems Kenneth L. Kraemer*, Jason Dedrick Graduate School of Management and Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations, University of California, Irvine, 3200 Berkeley Place, Irvine, CA 92697-4650, USA Accepted 3October 2001 Abstract Information systems are strategic to the extent that they support a ®rm's business strategy. Cisco Systems has used the Internet and its own information systems to support its strategy in several ways: (1) to create a business ecology around its technology standards; (2) to coordinate a virtual organiza- tion that allows it to concentrate on product innovation while outsourcing other functions; (3) to showcase its own use of the Internet as a marketing tool. Cisco's strategy and execution enabled it to dominate key networking standards and sustain high growth rates throughout the 1990s. In late 2000, however, Cisco's market collapsed and the company was left with billions of dollars in unsold inventory, calling into question the ability of its information systems to help it anticipate and respond effectively to a decline in demand. q 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Internet; e-commerce; Cisco Systems; Virtual Organization; Business Ecology 1. Introduction Information systems are strategic to the extent that they are used to support or enable different elements of a ®rm's business strategy (Porter and Millar, 1985). Cisco Systems, the world's largest networking equipment company, has used the Internet, electronic commerce (e-commerce), and information systems as part of its broad strategy of estab- lishing a dominant technology standard in the Internet era. -
N94-22776 the AGRHYMET Data Communications Project
N94-22776 The AGRHYMET Data Communications Project G. R. Mah Hughes STX EROS Data Center Sioux Falls, SD 57198, USA D. P. Salpini USAID/Information Resource Management 11O0Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22209, USA ABSTRACT clude supplying food production advice to govern- ment ministries, locust plague prediction and con- The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the trol, and assistance to the Famine Early Warning U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) System program. To accomplish its mission the are providing technical assistance to the AGRHYMET program has set up the AGRHYMET AGRHYMET program in West Africa. AGRHYMET regional center (ARC) in Niamey, Niger, and na- staff use remote sensing technology to produce sat- tional AGRHYMET centers (NAC) in each of the ellite image maps of the Sahel region of West Af- member nations. A receiving station for satellite im- rica. These image maps may show vegetation ages from NOAA's Advanced Very High Resolution greenness, sea surface temperatures, or processed Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument was installed at weather satellite imagery. The image maps must be the ARC by the French Government as part of its distributed from the AGRHYMET Regional Center in foreign aid program. The U.S. Agency for Interna- Niger to national AGRHYMET centers in the mem- tional Development (USAID), in cooperation with the ber countries of Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, U.S, Geological Survey's EROS Data Center (EDC), Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, have set up a system to process the AVHRR data to and Senegal. After consideration of a number of make image maps that indicate the relative "green- land- and space-based solutions for image map ness" of the area. -
THE FUTURE of IDEAS This Work Is Licensed Under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License (US/V3.0)
less_0375505784_4p_fm_r1.qxd 9/21/01 13:49 Page i THE FUTURE OF IDEAS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License (US/v3.0). Noncommercial uses are thus permitted without any further permission from the copyright owner. Permissions beyond the scope of this license are administered by Random House. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.randomhouse.com/about/ permissions.html The book maybe downloaded in electronic form (freely) at: http://the-future-of-ideas.com For more permission about Creative Commons licenses, go to: http://creativecommons.org less_0375505784_4p_fm_r1.qxd 9/21/01 13:49 Page iii the future of ideas THE FATE OF THE COMMONS IN A CONNECTED WORLD /// Lawrence Lessig f RANDOM HOUSE New York less_0375505784_4p_fm_r1.qxd 9/21/01 13:49 Page iv Copyright © 2001 Lawrence Lessig All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Random House and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc. library of congress cataloging-in-publication data Lessig, Lawrence. The future of ideas : the fate of the commons in a connected world / Lawrence Lessig. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-375-50578-4 1. Intellectual property. 2. Copyright and electronic data processing. 3. Internet—Law and legislation. 4. Information society. I. Title. K1401 .L47 2001 346.04'8'0285—dc21 2001031968 Random House website address: www.atrandom.com Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 24689753 First Edition Book design by Jo Anne Metsch less_0375505784_4p_fm_r1.qxd 9/21/01 13:49 Page v To Bettina, my teacher of the most important lesson. -
Paul Baran, Network Theory, and the Past, Present, and Future of the Internet
PAUL BARAN, NETWORK THEORY, AND THE PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE OF THE INTERNET CHRISTOPHER S. YOO* Paul Baran’s seminal 1964 article “On Distributed Communications Networks” that first proposed packet switching also advanced an underappreciated vision of network architecture: a lattice-like, distributed network, in which each node of the Internet would be homogeneous and equal in status to all other nodes. Scholars who have embraced the concept of a flat network have largely overlooked the extent to which it is inconsistent with network theory, which emphasizes the importance of short cuts and hubs in enabling networks to scale. The flat network is also inconsistent with the actual way the Internet was deployed, which relied on a three- tiered, hierarchical architecture resembling what Baran called a decentralized network. However, empirical studies reveal that the Internet’s architecture is changing; as large content providers build extensive wide area networks and undersea cables to connect directly to last-mile networks, it is in the process of becoming flatter and less hierarchical. This change is making the network become more centralized rather than more distributed. As a result, this article suggests that the standard reference model that places backbones at the center of the architecture may need to be replaced with a radically different vision: a stack of centralized star networks, each centered on one of the leading content providers. INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 162 I. BARAN’S UNREALIZED VISION OF A DISTRIBUTED NETWORKS 164 A. Baran’s Vision of a Distributed Network ........................ 164 B. The Partial Reception of Baran’s Vision ......................... 167 II. NETWORK SCIENCE’S INSIGHTS INTO THE BENEFITS OF NETWORKS ............................................................................ -
Marconi Society - Wikipedia
9/23/2019 Marconi Society - Wikipedia Marconi Society The Guglielmo Marconi International Fellowship Foundation, briefly called Marconi Foundation and currently known as The Marconi Society, was established by Gioia Marconi Braga in 1974[1] to commemorate the centennial of the birth (April 24, 1874) of her father Guglielmo Marconi. The Marconi International Fellowship Council was established to honor significant contributions in science and technology, awarding the Marconi Prize and an annual $100,000 grant to a living scientist who has made advances in communication technology that benefits mankind. The Marconi Fellows are Sir Eric A. Ash (1984), Paul Baran (1991), Sir Tim Berners-Lee (2002), Claude Berrou (2005), Sergey Brin (2004), Francesco Carassa (1983), Vinton G. Cerf (1998), Andrew Chraplyvy (2009), Colin Cherry (1978), John Cioffi (2006), Arthur C. Clarke (1982), Martin Cooper (2013), Whitfield Diffie (2000), Federico Faggin (1988), James Flanagan (1992), David Forney, Jr. (1997), Robert G. Gallager (2003), Robert N. Hall (1989), Izuo Hayashi (1993), Martin Hellman (2000), Hiroshi Inose (1976), Irwin M. Jacobs (2011), Robert E. Kahn (1994) Sir Charles Kao (1985), James R. Killian (1975), Leonard Kleinrock (1986), Herwig Kogelnik (2001), Robert W. Lucky (1987), James L. Massey (1999), Robert Metcalfe (2003), Lawrence Page (2004), Yash Pal (1980), Seymour Papert (1981), Arogyaswami Paulraj (2014), David N. Payne (2008), John R. Pierce (1979), Ronald L. Rivest (2007), Arthur L. Schawlow (1977), Allan Snyder (2001), Robert Tkach (2009), Gottfried Ungerboeck (1996), Andrew Viterbi (1990), Jack Keil Wolf (2011), Jacob Ziv (1995). In 2015, the prize went to Peter T. Kirstein for bringing the internet to Europe. Since 2008, Marconi has also issued the Paul Baran Marconi Society Young Scholar Awards. -
The Great Telecom Meltdown for a Listing of Recent Titles in the Artech House Telecommunications Library, Turn to the Back of This Book
The Great Telecom Meltdown For a listing of recent titles in the Artech House Telecommunications Library, turn to the back of this book. The Great Telecom Meltdown Fred R. Goldstein a r techhouse. com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Goldstein, Fred R. The great telecom meltdown.—(Artech House telecommunications Library) 1. Telecommunication—History 2. Telecommunciation—Technological innovations— History 3. Telecommunication—Finance—History I. Title 384’.09 ISBN 1-58053-939-4 Cover design by Leslie Genser © 2005 ARTECH HOUSE, INC. 685 Canton Street Norwood, MA 02062 All rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. International Standard Book Number: 1-58053-939-4 10987654321 Contents ix Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC) Gave Cable Providers an Advantage on “Triple Play” 122 RBOCs Took the Threat Seriously 123 Hybrid Fiber-Coax Is Developed 123 Cable Modems -
The First Amendment, Common Carriers, and Public Accommodations: Net Neutrality, Digital Platforms, and Privacy
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law 2021 The First Amendment, Common Carriers, and Public Accommodations: Net Neutrality, Digital Platforms, and Privacy Christopher S. Yoo University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Communication Technology and New Media Commons, Digital Communications and Networking Commons, First Amendment Commons, Internet Law Commons, Law and Economics Commons, Policy History, Theory, and Methods Commons, Science and Technology Law Commons, and the Science and Technology Policy Commons Repository Citation Yoo, Christopher S., "The First Amendment, Common Carriers, and Public Accommodations: Net Neutrality, Digital Platforms, and Privacy" (2021). Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law. 2576. https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship/2576 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law by an authorized administrator of Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE FIRST AMENDMENT, COMMON CARRIERS, AND PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS: NET NEUTRALITY, DIGITAL PLATFORMS, AND PRIVACY Christopher S. Yoo* Recent prominent judicial opinions have assumed that common car- riers have few to no First Amendment rights and that calling an actor a common carrier or public accommodation could justify limiting its right to exclude and mandating that it provide nondiscriminatory access. A re- view of the history reveals that the underlying law is richer than these simple statements would suggest. The principles for determining what constitutes a common carrier or a public accommodation and the level of First Amendment protection both turn on whether the actor holds itself out as serving all members of the public or whether it asserts editorial dis- cretion over whom to carry or host. -
Non-IBM Parts Catalog Book Cover COVER Book Cover ------Non-IBM Parts Catalog
Non-IBM Parts Catalog Book Cover COVER Book Cover -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Non-IBM Parts Catalog Document Number SA38-0041-04 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1989, 1992 COVER - 1 Non-IBM Parts Catalog Notices NOTICES Notices This Feature pamphlet is a component of PS/2 Bill of Forms number SB0F-2480-00. ¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1989, 1992 NOTICES - 1 Non-IBM Parts Catalog Edition Notice EDITION Edition Notice Fifth Edition (November 1992) This major revision obsoletes SA38-0041-03. The drawings and specifications contained herein shall not be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission. IBM has prepared this publication for the use of customer engineers in the installation, maintenance, or repair of the specific machines indicated. IBM makes no representations that it is suitable for any other purpose. This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of the publication. IBM may make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this publication at any time. Requests for copies of IBM publications should be made to your IBM representative or to the IBM branch office servicing your locality. Address comments concerning the content of this publication to IBM Corporation, Dept. 90A, Bldg. 234-2, Internal Zip 4307, 951 NW 51st St., Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A. 33432. IBM may use or distribute whatever information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. ¦ Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1989, 1992. All rights reserved. -
2013-2014 Annual Report Annual Message from the Chairman Professor M
Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science Electrical Engineering Annual Report 2013-2014 Table of Contents Annual Report Message from the Chairman 3 Gifts from Alumni & Faculty: David Mong and Oscar M. Stafsudd 4-5 Alumni Recognitions: Dariush Divsalar and Henry T. Nicholas, III 6-7 New Members of National Academies: Chandrashekar J. Joshi and Alan N. Willson 8 Faculty Highlights 4Stanley J. Osher 9 4Ali H. Sayed 10 4Mona Jarrahi 11 4Robert N. Candler 12 4Dejan Markovic and Ali H. Sayed 13 4Tatsuo Itoh 14 4Yahya Rahmat-Samii 15 4John D. Villasenor 16 4Suhas N. Diggavi 16 4Diana L. Huffaker 16 4Aydogan Ozcan 17 4Bahram Jalali 17 Best Paper Awards 18 2013-2014 Oustanding Student and Teaching Awards 19 Alumni Board 20 Department Faculty 21-29 New Books by Faculty 29 IEEE and HKN Student Clubs 30-31 Department Overview 32-33 Industrial Affiliates Program 34 2 Electrical Engineering | 2013-2014 Annual Report Message from the Chairman Professor M. -C. Frank Chang am pleased to share with you highlights of our ac- fessor Rob Candler was awarded the National Science tivities for academic year 2013-2014. Our faculty, Foundation’s CAREER Award, the federal agency’s I students, and alumni continue to push innovation by most prestigious award in support of junior faculty. developing state-of-the-art technology while making Professor John Villasenor was named a member of the a positive impact on society and giving back to the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), the non-profit electrical engineering community and beyond. organization specializing in foreign policy and inter- The legacy of our department is carried on by dis- national affairs, and Professor Diana Huffaker was tinguished alumni. -
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 22 Sep 2012 02:49:54 UTC Contents Articles History of the Internet 1 Barry Appelman 26 Paul Baran 28 Vint Cerf 33 Danny Cohen (engineer) 41 David D. Clark 44 Steve Crocker 45 Donald Davies 47 Douglas Engelbart 49 Charles M. Herzfeld 56 Internet Engineering Task Force 58 Bob Kahn 61 Peter T. Kirstein 65 Leonard Kleinrock 66 John Klensin 70 J. C. R. Licklider 71 Jon Postel 77 Louis Pouzin 80 Lawrence Roberts (scientist) 81 John Romkey 84 Ivan Sutherland 85 Robert Taylor (computer scientist) 89 Ray Tomlinson 92 Oleg Vishnepolsky 94 Phil Zimmermann 96 References Article Sources and Contributors 99 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 102 Article Licenses License 103 History of the Internet 1 History of the Internet The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. This began with point-to-point communication between mainframe computers and terminals, expanded to point-to-point connections between computers and then early research into packet switching. Packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, where multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks. In 1982 the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP/IP networks called the Internet was introduced. -
Press Release
Press Release Stanford Professor A.J. Paulraj Wins the 2014 Marconi Prize Honored for his pioneering contributions to developing the theory and applications of MIMO antennas Palo Alto, CA, January 21, 2014—Professor (Emeritus) Arogyaswami Joseph Paulraj, Stanford University, has been awarded the prestigious 2014 Marconi Society Prize. His idea for using multiple antennas at both the transmitting and receiving stations - which is at the heart of the current high speed WiFi and 4G mobile systems – has revolutionized high speed wireless delivery of multimedia services for billions of people. “Paul (as he is commonly known) has made profound contributions to wireless technology, and the resulting benefit to mankind is indisputable. Every wifi router and 4G phone today uses MIMO technology pioneered by him,” says Professor Sir David Payne, Chairman of the Marconi Society and Director of the Optoelectronics Research Centre at the University of Southampton. “MIMO will soon be pervasive in all wireless devices. Moreover, Paulraj’s work has provided fertile ground for thousands of researchers to explore and advance MIMO’s potential to enhance wireless spectrum efficiency.” The Marconi Society, celebrating its 50th year in 2014, was founded by Gioia Marconi Braga. Each year it recognizes one or more scientists who – like her father, radio inventor Guglielmo Marconi – pursue advances in communications and information technology for the social, economic and cultural development of all humanity. Winners, who receive a $100,000 prize, have included scientists whose mathematical theories and inventions have shaped the Internet and broadband access, public key encryption, Web search, wired and wireless transmission, multimedia publishing, optical fiber and satellite communications. -
Robust and Scalable UAS Registration
Robust and Scalable UAS Registration: KEY TECHNOLOGY ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS JARED ABLON CISO of AirMap STEVE CROCKER AirMap Advisor CEO, Shinkuro, Inc. Chairman of ICANN BENJAMIN D. MARCUS CEO of AirMap GREGORY S. MCNEAL EVP of AirMap Robust and Scalable UAS Registration: Key Technology Issues and Recommendations Contents Executive Summary ................................... 3 Introduction ............................................... 4 Goals and concerns of a UAS registration system ............................ 5 Lessons from the Internet .......................... 6 Recommendations.................................... 10 Conclusion .............................................. 13 About AirMap .......................................... 14 Author Bios ............................................. 14 2 Robust and Scalable UAS Registration: Key Technology Issues and Recommendations Executive Summary The growing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) ecosystem requires accountability of operators, availability of airspace, and security of communications, particularly a confidential, authenticated, and accessible registration system. The FAA’s recent launch of a web-based registration service starts the UAS registration system in an excellent direction. Nevertheless, the scope and scale of the system’s future capabilities remains a concern. The anticipated growth and diversity of UAS use suggests the need for a globally-integrated system more capable than today’s. A robust and scalable registration system considers the right technologies for