Gülcan, Nevin, Polat grab golds for Turkey at 10 10 Helsinki 19 Israeli hawk Yitzhak Shamir, who Mursi becomes Egypt’s first freely first balked at American calls to trade elected president, faces dangerous occupied land for peace, dies at age 96 task to wrest power from military

Your Way of Understandıng Turkey MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 WWW.TODAYSZAMAN.COM TL 1.50 page03 26 military officers detained in espionage probe Revised CMK to affect special court cases against coup, terror suspects Deputy Prime Minister Bekir Bozdağ The Justice and Development Party (AK Party) the trials dealt with by special courts have spiraled announced on Saturday that a govern- submitted amendments to existing laws to out of control, with many defendants spending LEYLA ZANA ‘OBLIGATION TO SEEK PERMISSION’ ment plan to revise three articles of the Parliament's General Assembly on Sunday after- years in custody with no verdict in sight. Turkish Code on Criminal Procedure (CMK) will noon. It was not clear whether the amendments had Bozdağ said Articles 250, 251 and 252 of the CMK MAJOR SETBACK TO RULE OF LAW affect ongoing coup and terror cases, adding to been passed at the time Today's Zaman went to are set to be abolished and added: “Currently, there Legal community argues that forcing prosecutors to obtain permis- KURDISH DEPUTY LEYLA existing concerns over the future of proceedings. print. The amendments, backed by the government, are 22,000 [case] files [at special courts], and these sion from relevant institutions to investigate senior officers will serve The deputy prime minister said courts hearing was drafted by the Office of the Prime Minister last will be dealt with in accordance with new principles. as a major setback to the independence of the judiciary and the rule of law and result in the release of a large number of prominent coup ZANA: OSLO NEGOTIATIONS these cases will continue to do so, but they will no month and aims to narrow the scope of authority of [With the CMK revision] we are taking a step to and terror suspects from prison. With a law that seeks to abolish longer be called “specially authorized courts,” and these courts, which deal with constitutional crimes, strengthen the defense testimonies of defendants.” three articles of the Code on Criminal Procedure (CMK), the AK Party cases will be dealt with in accordance with the organized crime, terror and drug trafficking. There is Some of the key cases being dealt with by special government plans to make it an obligation for prosecutors to seek SHOULD CONTINUE “new principles” the government is hoping to growing concern that a change to the special courts' courts are the Ergenekon and Balyoz coup cases, as the permission of related institutions to investigate officers at a Leyla Zana, an independent pro-Kurdish number of top state bodies, including the General Staff, the National pass through Parliament. According to Bozdağ, powers or abolishing them altogether may result in well as the trial of the Kurdistan Communities Security Council (MGK), the Interior Ministry, the National deputy from Diyarbakır who met with Prime however, the new principles will not have negative severe setbacks to the process of democratization. Union (KCK), the urban branch of the terrorist Intelligence Organization (MİT) and the police force. CONTINUED ON PAGE 05 Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on Saturday, said or retrograde effects on the ongoing cases. Critics of the courts, on the other hand, say Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). CONTINUED ON PAGE 05 the Oslo negotiations should continue so that they can find a viable solution to the decades-old Kurdish issue. Zana, who elicited some harsh criti- cism from the pro-Kurdish Peace and Democracy EUROPEAN UNION Residents carry the body of a girl Party (BDP) earlier in June when said she believes who protesters say was killed by shelling Erdoğan can solve the Kurdish issue and that she by forces loyal to the Assad regime, during REUTERS has never lost faith in him, held a press conference, her funeral in Deraa on Sunday. TURKEY HAS A LONG her first at Parliament in 21 years, on Sunday. PHOTO Amid ongoing debates over how to handle the TO-DO LIST, LONG WAY decades-old Kurdish issue as armed conflicts con- tinue to escalate in southeastern Turkey, Zana had a TO GO BEFORE VISA meeting with Erdoğan to discuss the issue on Saturday. The meeting lasted for more than an hour. LIBERALIZATION She assessed the meeting for the press and shared her views about it. She told reporters that the meet- SELÇUK GÜLTAŞLI, BRUSSELS ing with the prime minister was very positive and Turkey has to comply with quite a long list that she hopes the talk would contribute to breaking of conditions and do a lot of work at home the deadlock over the Kurdish issue. CONTINUED ON PAGE 06 before its citizens will be able to step on Euro- pean soil without a visa, according to the draft of an action plan reviewed by Today's Zaman. Prepared by the European Commission, the 15-page document, entitled “Dialogue and Cooperation Framework on Justice and Home Affairs between the EU and Turkey: Action Plan Towards Visa Liberalisation” sets out numerous conditions while carefully avoiding any refer- ence to a possible date for visa-free travel to the EU for Turkish citizens. The draft makes it clear that the process is a “gradual” one with “a long- term perspective,” stressing visa liberalization is highly conditional “on an effective and consis- tent implementation by Turkey of those require- JENNY WHITE ments vis-à-vis the EU and its Member States.” Turkey has insisted it will not sign the Read- mission Agreement, which will oblige Turkey to ANTHROPOLOGIST WHITE: Syrian opposition groups on Sunday rejected a UN-brokered peace plan for a political transition in Syria, readmit any illegal immigrants proven to have SYRIAN OPPOSITION calling it ambiguous and a waste of time and vowing not to negotiate with President Bashar al-Assad or members entered the EU from Turkey, the most impor- of his “murderous” regime. The disappointed reaction underlined the seemingly intractable nature of the Syrian TURKISH MUSLIMHOOD tant condition for the EU to initiate visa-free GROUPS REJECT UN conflict, which this week saw some of the bloodiest violence since the start of the uprising against Assad's REPLACING ISLAMISM TRANSITION PLAN regime in March 2011. Activists said dozens of people were killed and wounded in a powerful explosion on travel, until it fi rst sees the action plan. The draft, Saturday evening that hit a funeral procession in a suburb of the Syrian capital Damascus. CONTINUED ON PAGE 11 prepared by the Home Affairs of the European YONCA POYRAZ DOĞAN, İSTANBUL / ABANT Commission, will fi rst be sent to the relevant DAVUTOĞLU: TRANSITIONAL GOV’T PROPOSED AS SOLUTION IN SYRIA, IMPORTANT FIRST STEP PAGE 04 directorate-generals of the Commission for their According to Jenny White, an anthropologist input and then member countries. CONTINUED ON PAGE 17 specializing in Turkey, Turkey's national identity has been in a process of redefinition, and during this process the notion of Muslimhood has replaced Islamism. “Muslimhood implies a different understanding of personhood. If you are a pious 04 Turkey denies WSJ’s ‘warplane 17 TSK scrambles jets to patrol 11 Eastern US storms kill at Muslim and you enter politics, the assumption is hit in Syrian airspace’ claim airspace near Syrian border least 13, cut power to millions that you become an Islamist. But the theologians Turkey has dismissed reports from US intelli- The Turkish Armed Forces announced that they Millions across the mid-Atlantic region sweltered behind the Muslimhood model ask: ‘Why should gence showing that the Turkish jet shot down by had dispatched two F-16 fighter jets from the in the aftermath of violent storms that pummeled that be so? Do Christian politicians become denial Syrian forces was downed in Syrian airspace. İncirlik air base on Saturday to patrol the Syrian the eastern US with high winds and downed trees,

Christianists when they enter politics?'” she told tension Turkey maintains it happened in international border. The TSK statement said the jets flew near disaster killing at least 13 people and leaving 3 million Today's Zaman for Monday Talk. White's new book dealing with the issues related to Turkey's national airspace. Prime Minister Erdoğan denied The the border after a Syrian Mi-17 helicopter appro- without power during a heat wave. The outages identity, “Muslim Nationalism and the New Turks,” Wall Street Journal’s claims, calling them “false.” ached within four miles of Turkish airspace. will not be repaired for several days. will come out in November. MONDAY TALK CONTINUED ON PAGE 09

Featuring news and articles from

‘ ‘ 02 TODAY’S ZAMAN ‘ MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 PRESS REVIEW

FOOD FOR THOUGHT QUOTE OF THE DAY WORDS OF WISDOM columns Assad will still have to go. What we have done Time is running out. The conflict Maybe all one can do is Davutoğlu and Syria here is to strip away the fiction that he and those [in Syria] must be resolved through hope to end up with the MUSTAFA ÜNAL ZAMAN with blood on their hands can stay in power. peaceful dialogue and negotiations. right regrets. It has been 10 days since Syria downed a Turkish military jet. The whereabouts of our two pilots is unknown. The cri- US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton Peace envoy Kofi Annan Arthur Miller sis has deepened. What has taken place in the 10-day peri- od? How has Turkey managed the crisis? Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu has been in crisis-management mode since the very beginning. He said Turkey has been concen- trating on finding the pilots since the incident and added that every major country first thinks about the situation of the pilots and acts accordingly. For 10 days, Turkey’s high- CROSS READER level actors have been sending messages to Syria. I wonder whether Syrian President Bashar al-Assad is hearing us. FATMA DİŞLİ ZIBAK “Yes, Syria has received the message,” Davutoğlu said. He [email protected] press roundup revealed that there is information in the hands of the state about Syria but did not give any details. His final remarks: “We will neither take a reckless step nor leave such an at- A promısıng tack without a response. This is Turkey’s policy.” meetıng

Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Leyla Zana, an AA, MEHMET BAYER Did the Mavi Marmara independent pro-Kurdish deputy from Diyarbakır, met on attack shake our prestige? Saturday to discuss Turkey’s long-standing Kurdish issue. HİLAL KAPLAN YENİ ŞAFAK

The meeting was arranged after Zana recently voiced her PHOTO belief that Erdoğan can solve the Kurdish issue and that Some columnists who call for Turkey to enter into a war she has never lost hope in him. Her statements elicited with Syria, after Syria’s downing of a Turkish jet, claim some harsh criticism from the pro-Kurdish Peace and De- that Turkey’s prestige was deeply shaken when it failed to mocracy Party (BDP). The meeting took place at a time give the necessary response to Israel when Israel attacked when the country is again being shaken by violence. Con- the Mavi Marmara aid ship (in 2010, killing nine Turks). I sidering the atmosphere in the country, most people are just wonder whether there has been any way in which the hopeful that the Erdoğan-Zana meeting can yield fruitful Mavi Marmara attack has increased Turkey’s prestige. If we results toward the solution of the Kurdish problem. look for a country whose prestige was shaken by the Mavi Sabah’s Mahmut Övür says the Zana-Erdoğan meet- Marmara attack, it is undoubtedly Israel. Due to the Mavi ing is promising in that it is a move that will open the way Marmara attack, Israel has been undergoing its most isolat- for political actors who are now deadlocked regarding a ed times in the international arena since its establishment. solution to the Kurdish problem, and it is not just a ges- ture made for Zana due to her remarks about Erdoğan. “As a Kurdish woman, Zana touched the nerves of the Daily Price Copies sold Last week Change military tutelage regime in the 1990s. Thanks to these ef- ZAMAN 50 Kr 980.619 986.632 -6.014 forts, the Kurdish issue began to be debated. Now, she is POSTA 50 Kr 456.634 445.542 11.092 doing a similar thing and shaking the tutelage over Kurd- HÜRRİYET 60 Kr 414.734 415.968 -1.234 SABAH 50 Kr 332.115 340.196 -8.081 ish politics and opening the way for civilian politics,” says JUNE 2012 18-24 SÖZCÜ 40 Kr 255.909 247.700 8.208 Övür. He says Zana has taken the first step to achieving HABER TÜRK 50 Kr 234.033 226.857 7.176 peace in the Kurdish problem by courageously standing PAS FOTOMAÇ 50 Kr 211.973 205.885 6.088 FANATİK 50 Kr 190.521 184.900 5.620 against the prejudices of some Kurdish politicians, and As part of activities to mark Cabotage Day on July 1, a group of MİLLİYET 50 Kr 147.888 142.873 5.015 she needs to be given support to this effect. military officers and administrative officials floated wreaths STAR 50 Kr 136.063 138.128 -2.065 Milliyet’s Derya Sazak finds it important that a TÜRKİYE 50 Kr 126.954 126.839 115 in the Çanakkale Strait in memory of martyred soldiers. TAKVİM 40 Kr 113.272 110.682 2.590 person like Zana, who was forced to leave Parliament VATAN 50 Kr 109.025 101.569 7.456 in the 1990s, jailed for 10 years and lived in the atmo- YENİ ŞAFAK 50 Kr 103.213 103.205 8 sphere of civil war in the country, explained some re- AKŞAM 50 Kr 103.137 102.502 635 bugün: Justice and Development Party (AK Party) The court said the trial was concluded swiftly in order to BUGÜN 50 Kr 93.193 88.009 5.184 alities surrounding the Kurdish problem to Erdoğan. GÜNEŞ 40 Kr 92.754 89.442 3.312 deputy Zeynep Karahan Uslu said she believes there will “Since Erdoğan has closed his ears to the voices of op- save Turkish football; however, the lawyer of Fenerbahçe AMK 25 Kr 64.679 70.919 -6.239 ponents for a long time, what Zana told him must have be headscarved deputies in Parliament in the next legisla- Chairman Aziz Yıldırım, one of the key suspects in the case, DÜNYA 2.25 TL 57.255 57.304 -49 tive term, the daily reported in its major story yesterday. said a fair trial is more important than a speedy trial. YENİ AKİT 60 Kr 56.465 56.181 284 attracted his attention,” says Sazak. “When violence AYDINLIK 50 Kr 55.039 53.060 1.979 She said there is no legal obstacle before women who wear escalates in the Southeast again, Zana wants recogni- TARAF 50 Kr 54.019 52.222 1.797 tion of the rights of the Kurds and a new beginning headscarves to be elected to Parliament, adding that she sabah: “Let’s solve it together,” said the daily in the head- YENİ ASYA 75 Kr 52.253 52.436 -183 believes the embarrassing treatment of Merve Kavakçı will line of its main story yesterday, quoting remarks from Prime YENİÇAĞ 50 Kr 51.538 51.185 353 for a peaceful solution to the Kurdish problem,” says CUMHURİYET 1.0 TL 51.263 50.093 1.170 Sazak, who finds Zana’s move very courageous since not be repeated. Kavakçı was forced to leave Parliament in Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who met with independent ŞOK 50 Kr 49.887 49.262 626 she made it despite criticism from the BDP. 1999 because she wore a headscarf. Kurdish deputy Leyla Zana on Saturday. Erdoğan told Zana MİLLİ GAZETE 70 Kr 31.230 31.285 -55 that the Kurdish problem cannot be resolved solely through RADİKAL 75 Kr 26.615 26.086 529 According to Radikal’s Oral Çalışlar, it would be YENİ MESAJ 25 Kr 15.653 14.436 1.217 wrong to see Zana’s move as an individual one as he radikal: “We saved football in 4.5 months,” said the military means or by the government alone. He said both Turks MİLAT 60 Kr 11.181 11.168 13 AVERAGE DAILY CIRCULATION FIGURES FOR TURKISH DAILIES FIGURES FOR CIRCULATION DAILY AVERAGE thinks ensuing developments will take place, depend- daily in the headline of its lead story yesterday, referring and Kurds should work for the solution of this long-standing TODAY’S ZAMAN 1.5 TL 8.986 9.096 -110 to the İstanbul court that is hearing a match-fixing probe problem. Zana told Erdoğan that Turkey is going through a ORTADOĞU 50 Kr 6.996 7.087 -91 ing on steps that will be mutually taken by the govern- BİRGÜN 1.0 TL 6.912 6.924 -12 ment and the BDP. In his view, this meeting, which which was expected to last for years but will be concluded critical time as regards a solution to the problem and explained H. DAILY NEWS 2.0 TL 5.601 5.558 43 took place at a time when violence has again escalated on Monday, four-and-a-half months after the trial began. her proposals for the achievement of peace, reported the daily. GÜNLÜK EVRENSEL 45 Kr 5.458 5.691 -232 HÜRSES 25 Kr 2.120 2.122 -2 in the country, could initiate meaningful steps to be Total 4.715.184 4.669.042 46.142 taken for the solution of the Kurdish problem. Source: Yay-sat, Turkuvaz

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DESIGN: MELEK ÜNVER NATIONAL MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 03

İSTANBUL 31° KONYA 32° ANKARA 34° ÇANAKKALE 33° İZMİR 36° DİYARBAKIR 36° ANTALYA 34° SAMSUN 29° ADANA 33° BURSA 35° ERZURUM 23° GAZİANTEP 34° EDİRNE 36° ESKİŞEHİR 32° TRABZON 25° MALATYA 32° KAYSERİ 29° KOCAELİ 34°

BÜLENT 26 active-duty military officers KENEŞ detained as part of espionage probe [email protected] Clutchıng at straws wıth Syrıa Twenty-six active-duty espionage gang. The first wave of ar- AA military officers were de- rests of members of the gang began The nine-hour talks held in Geneva on Saturday Although China and Russia altered their posi- tained following police in May, when 20 people were ar- with the intention of tackling the Syrian crisis tion with regard to the Syrian crisis only “slight- raids across 15 provinces on Sat- rested. Those arrested stand accused produced “significant” decisions that are unlike- ly,” no one can talk about a concrete change with PHOTO urday as part of a widening probe of prostitution, human smuggling, ly to be effective. These decisions are significant regards to the practical situation and develop- against a military espionage gang. blackmail, illegally obtaining mili- in that Russia and China, who have so far not ments. This is because China and Russia have The military officers were de- tary information, and establishing refrained from backing the Assad regime, have, been maintaining a position that is impossible to tained after an İzmir court on Sat- and running a criminal organization. for the first time, signaled a change in their posi- reconcile with that of the US and its allies, about urday issued capture warrants for 30 According to earlier news reports, tion by supporting a plan to establish a “transi- Syria in general and the fate of Assad in particular. people as part of an operation con- the gang is headed by a 25-year-old tional government” in Damascus. They are un- This gap was visible also in the statements made ducted by the İzmir Police Depart- woman who is studying at Pamuk- likely to be effective because Russia and China during the summit meeting. US Secretary of State ment’s Anti-Smuggling and Orga- kale University in Denizli. have stipulated that Bashar al-Assad must head Hillary Clinton said that “Assad must go” while nized Crime Unit against the military The gang is accused of hiring this transitional government, a move that would Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov stressed espionage gang. foreign women as prostitutes for effectively render this plan dysfunctional. More- that Assad does not have to leave office. The Simultaneous operations were military officers from whom they over, neither the opposition groups nor Assad meeting’s final communiqué is proof that Lavrov launched in 15 provinces, with police obtain military information and then give any indication that they are warm to this emerged victorious from this critical debate. officers detaining 26 suspects follow- sell that information to third parties. plan for their own reasons. Nevertheless, by assuming a positive view on ing searches of military facilities and The gang is based in İzmir and re- Opposition groups had previously noted that these developments, with a cautious optimism, we the suspects’ homes. The 26 suspects portedly has branches in a number they would not accept any transitional government may agree with Clinton, who said the plan “paves were taken to İzmir Central Com- of provinces, including İstanbul, An- in which Assad continues to preserve his power. the way for the post-Assad government.” The role mand, from where they were to be kara, Bursa, Antalya, Muğla, Manisa, And Assad has said: “We will not accept any plan of Russia, which continues to strike arms sales with referred to court. Police are still work- Zonguldak and Ordu. for the settlement of the crisis if it is not drafted Syria to be delivered in and after 2012, and of Iran, ing to capture another four suspects. The investigation against the es- by the Syrians but by big states or friendly states. which provides Assad with all sorts of support, The 30 suspects are reportedly pionage gang started around a year- Police seize a computer during a search of a suspect’s house in an ongoing No one knows how to solve Syria’s problems better including sending troops to this country, makes accused of involvement in a military and-a-half ago. İstanbul Today’s Zaman probe into an espionage gang. Twenty-six officers were arrested on Sunday. than us.” So he, too, had made it clear that the out- it hard for us to be optimistic at all. Let us main- come of the Geneva meeting would not bind them. tain our optimism just like Foreign Minister Ahmet Moreover, on the day the debates for a tran- Davutoğlu, who said: “This is a beginning, not an sitional government were being held in Geneva, end. This should be seen as a new step or perspec- the Assad regime launched air-backed attacks tive towards a solution, not as a final solution,” using heavy weapons against the regime’s dis- hoping that he proves to be right in his optimism. sidents, killing 125 people. The Assad regime’s At the end of the day, the Geneva meeting merciless slaughter of 125 people on such an im- not only failed to produce an international agree- portant day was clear proof that it did not attach ment for removing Assad from office but was the slightest importance to the Geneva meeting. also unsuccessful in making Russia stop provid- Despite the blood spilled, the final communiqué ing the Assad regime with arms. In light of these of the Geneva meeting asserted that “the transi- developments, the plan to make the UN Security tional government should be formed on the basis Council, the organ that is principally responsible of mutual consent” and this is a clear indication for dealing with the Syrian crisis, make a move of the meeting’s failure to take into consideration and take a more serious and concrete decision the positions of the conflicting sides. The poten- remains a pure fancy. The Geneva meeting’s tial success of this deal in the field relies on the outcome seems to be a consensus that will not be likelihood of a “mutual consent” being formed implemented as it is not acceptable to Assad or between the Assad regime and the dissidents, his dissidents. Given the hardly constructive at- and for the time being, it is impossible to con- titude of Russia, China and Iran, the best position sider such a thing a possibility. we can adopt, I think, is to not clutch at straws. Quo vadis Turkish Airlines? During the last 10 years, Turkish Airlines (THY) I headed to the boarding lounge to wait for has revolutionized air travel for Turks and, thanks the plane, which was already delayed until 2:30 to well-planned investments, has emerged as a p.m. I learned that there were about 10 passen- worldwide brand in air travel. But there are now gers who were, like me, in the reserved group. indications, unfortunately, that it will have a hard The worst part was that we, the “reserves,” would time maintaining its hard-earned achievements be dealt with only after all the passengers had in the future. THY’s flights, both domestic and boarded. We waited and waited… But we waited international, have been delayed for up to sev- in vain. Indeed, all the passengers showed up and eral hours, and this airline is quickly becoming our plane had been stuffed to the brim. The com- the target of complaints from fed-up passengers. pany officials told us, the reserves, that we would Despite its growth in the past and values which certainly be able to get on the 3 p.m. plane. We we could boast about, THY is showing tragic and were enraged, but had no choice but to wait. fatal symptoms of a serious downward decline. What do you think happened with the 3 p.m. By selling tickets for flights that are later can- plane? The same as with the 2 p.m. plane -- first, a celed for the sake of not flying with empty seats half-an-hour delay, followed by new victims whose on board, apart from the routine tedious and un- tickets had been sold twice together with the old nerving delays in its flights, THY is creating inde- victims from the 2 p.m. plane. The most tragicomic scribable problems for its customers. It sells an ad- part of the story was what the boarding pass con- ditional 10-15 more tickets for every flight based troller said in an effort to explain the situation: “Sir, on a theory that some passengers may be delayed please do not insist. They say there is already a or decide not to fly in the end, but this unreason- passenger without a seat on board!” I suppose they able and unfair system tends to create dozens of made that passenger get off the plane. victims, particularly during peak seasons. As I couldn’t risk going through the same pre- This happened to me on Friday. When I got to posterous efforts to get onboard the 4 p.m. plane, the airport, I realized that my assistant had failed which, too, was reported to be full, I decided not to perform the online check-in for my flight. “I to go to İzmir for an international conference at suppose this won’t be a problem as I have my which I was supposed to deliver a speech. I don’t ticket with me,” I thought to myself. But I was know what the other “reserved” passengers did. wrong. I learned the bitter truth when I went to But I do know from the tweets I received in re- THY’s counter to get my boarding pass. I was told sponse to mine about my adventure that I am that I was in the “reserved” group although my not the only victim of THY’s unscrupulous and ticket for the 2 p.m. flight from İstanbul to İzmir immoral practices. I also know that THY’s hard- had been bought several days ago. “What is this earned success will quickly fade if it continues reserved group?” I asked a THY official. “Extra with its unfair and immoral methods, which are tickets are sold. If one of the passengers that are nothing but an insult to its customers, by citing supposed to show up does not come, you will be that international aviation conventions allow air- allowed to get on the plane,” I was told. But they liners to sell more tickets than their actual capac- do not tell you this when you buy a ticket. ity. I should now ask: Quo vadis THY?

DESIGN: ADNAN SARIKABAK 04 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 NATIONAL

Turkey denies WSJ ‘warplane hit in Syrian airspace’ claim GÖKHAN Turkey has dismissed reports from US in- The TSK said in the statement that the ia’s territorial waters. As to the fate of our miss- Turkish warplane. BACIK telligence showing that the Turkish jet shot Turkish warplane was hit when its identifi cation ing pilots, we do not have any information yet. Speaking at a press conference following [email protected] down by Syrian forces on June 22 was downed in system was set to make it possible to identify The EV Nautilus, a research vessel, is to search the UN-initiated international conference in the Syrian airspace and not in international air- the jet. It added that it was also fl ying alone, dis- for the two missing pilots of a Turkish military Geneva, which was held to discuss the Syrian space as the Turkish government maintains. missing claims that there was an accompanying jet that was downed by Syria on June 22,” the issue on Saturday, Russian Foreign Minister Turkey’s Not-To- Speaking at his Justice and Development plane alongside the jet. TSK said in a statement released on Sunday. Sergey Lavrov announced that Russia is ready Party’s (AK Party) Kayseri provincial congress on The TSK reiterated earlier offi cial state- The TSK claimed that after the jet was hit, it to share its intelligence regarding the Turkish Do Lıst on Syrıa Sunday, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ments that the jet was fl ying unarmed over the rapidly descended and crashed eight-and-a-half jet incident. Turkey faces a totally new set of dynamics in regional politics denied The Wall Street Journal’s (WSJ) claim eastern Mediterranean to test the performance miles off the Syrian coast, in Syria’s territorial wa- “We have our objective observation data after Syria shot down a Turkish jet last week. Following Israel’s that the Turkish jet was downed in Syrian air- of Turkey’s radar system. ters. The TSK further maintains the jet violated and we are prepared to present it,” Lavrov said. attack on the Turkish fl otilla, Syria’s action is another very plain space, calling them “false.” Citing a WSJ report Turkey maintains the warplane was hit in Syria’s airspace for only fi ve minutes and that “The main thing now is not to allow any and serious challenge to Turkey’s claim to hegemony in the re- published in May which also contradicted Tur- international airspace by Syria without warn- Syria did not intercept the fl ight during this time. incident to ignite passions in one or another di- gion. Turkey has been put in a position where its diplomatic key’s stance, Erdoğan said it was published to in- ing in a “hostile act.” Moreover, Turkey be- The report by the WSJ is not the fi rst time rection,” Lavrov said. arguments are being tested practically. No matter what Syria’s fl uence the upcoming US presidential elections. lieves the plane was hit with a laser-guided or the paper has cast doubts on an offi cial Turkish Russia had previously announced that behind-the-scene calculations were, this case puts on display The Turkish military has also denied that heat-guided missile, both of which would have account. Two months ago the paper ran a report Syria’s shooting down of the Turkish warplane Syria’s impression that Turkey’s military capacity is low. This the Turkish warplane was hit by anti-aircraft been capable of hitting the plane while it was on the Uludere case, saying the intelligence that should not be seen as a provocation and warned is somehow not surprising, as Turkey lacks a sophisticated and guns in Syria’s airspace, dismissing arguments in international airspace. However, Syria says led to the killing of 34 civilians in Uludere last world powers against using the incident to push updated air-defense system. Unlike Syria’s weapons, such as that Syria was unable to identify the jet and that Syrian air defense had to react immediately to year was in fact provided by US offi cials to the for stronger action against Damascus. It was the S-125 and S-11, Turkey only has the Nike Hercules mis- it was accompanied by another plane. a Turkish jet fl ying low at 100 meters (330 feet) Turkish side, an idea that has been dismissed by Moscow’s fi rst reaction to the incident. siles produced in the late 50s. Hercules Nike missiles are not The Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) released a of altitude inside Syrian airspace in what was “a the Turkish military. Meanwhile, The Sunday Times, a British even used by armies like that of the US. Also, Turkey produces statement on their website on Sunday, denying a clear breach of Syrian sovereignty.” Syria also On Dec. 28, 2011, Turkish fi ghter jets bombed newspaper, stated in its report on Sunday that its own brand of Stingers, which are again not sophisticated, report by WSJ that quoted US intelligence offi cials says the plane was downed by anti-aircraft fi re, smugglers, believed to be Kurdistan Workers’ Par- Russia has a fi nger on the button that destroyed compared with the Russian-made SS 26 or S 125. Therefore, as alleging that the Turkish warplane was most rather than by a radar-guided missile. ty (PKK) terrorists, in the Turkish-Iraqi border area the Turkish jet. Citing diplomatic sources, The the vulnerability of Turkish air space should be considered in likely shot down by Syria’s shore-based anti-air- The TSK said its investigation concluded near Uludere, sparking outrage in Turkey. Sunday Times said Russian technicians played any analysis of the region’s power dynamics. craft guns while it was within Syrian airspace. that the military lost communication with its a key role in bringing the Turkish warplane Meanwhile, Turkey’s chief concern should be quite another Turkey has received declarations of sup- warplane when it was in international airspace. Russia ready to share data down. The report specifi cally mentions that issue: Turkey should not act in a way that would transform the port from its NATO allies and has respond- “According to the available radar images on downed Turkish jet the Turkish jet was downed to give NATO a Syrian crisis into a Turkish-Syrian crisis. The Syrian problem, ed to the incident by stationing air defense and the managerial investigation results, our In the meantime, Russia expressed its readi- warning signal against any intervention in the since its emergence, is the humanitarian issue of a dictatorial re- weapons close to the Syrian border. warplane was shot down 13 miles outside Syr- ness to share the information on the downed Syrian crisis. İstanbul Today’s Zaman gime that kills its innocent citizens. This humanitarian issue has amassed a broad coalition against the Bashar al-Assad regime. But the recent developments may change its visibility. Ankara should be very careful on this point. The Assad regime would welcome the possibility of presenting its domestic crisis as a Turkish-Syrian tension. More, such a development may pro- duce certain uncalculated outcomes in the Arab world. Simi- larly, some Western states that are critical of the Assad regime, but not very willing to act against it may use the re-casting of FM: Transıtıonal gov’t the Syrian crisis as a Turkish-Syrian crisis as a pretext for further prolonging a policy of inaction. In 2004, some Western states put Turkey in a diffi cult position within NATO on the Iraqi threat, arguing that it is a bilateral issue between Turkey and proposed as solutıon ın Syrıa Iraq, not a threat to NATO. The other issue is Russia. The recent crisis with Syria should GÖZDE NUR DONAT ANKARA AA not evolve into an unending verbal debate with Russia. Tur- key should carefully make it clear that Ankara is aware of the Countries attending a UN-initiated Russian strategic concerns in the east Mediterranean. Turkey international conference about the PHOTO has been an aggressive defender of NATO expansion in central Syrian situation on Saturday in Ge- and Eastern Europe in the last two decades. However, neither neva have agreed to establish a transitional region was critical of Turkish-Russian relations. Syria is totally government, which Foreign Minister Ahmet different. The Syrian issue physically overlaps with Russia’s pri- Davutoğlu has deemed “an important fi rst orities in the region. Russia is physically there. Turkey’s Syrian step” toward resolution of the crisis in Syria. policy will certainly have some costs in regards to third states “There have been many promises made like Iran, Russia and Lebanon. To keep this cost at a reasonable [to solve the Syrian situation] but they have level, Ankara’s priority should be Russia. not been implemented on the ground. Tur- Finally, the balance between Assad and the Syrian oppo- key would closely monitor [whether this sition requires deep analysis. Many argue that the Syrian op- solution is implemented in reality],” the for- position is not well organized. This is not correct. The Syrian eign minister said to members of the Turk- opposition is very well organized. It is even better in terms of ish press after the meeting. organizational capacity than was the Libyan opposition against The meeting in Geneva was con- Muammer Gaddaffi . The Syrian opposition holds big areas close vened on the initiative of joint UN and to each big Syrian city, such as Aleppo, Homs and Damascus. Arab League Syria envoy Kofi Annan, and The opposition has even transformed a huge area close to Adlib gathered fi ve permanent members of the into a de facto center of alternative rule. Assad has only been UN Security Council as well as the foreign able to keep the urban areas. However, toppling a regime is not ministers of Turkey, Iraq, Kuwait and Qa- possible with a well organized opposition alone. The vital re- tar, along with UN Secretary-General Ban quirement is the weakening of the Assad regime. In cases such Ki-moon and EU foreign policy chief Cath- as Libya, Egypt and Tunisia, the ruling regimes were not able erine Ashton, to discuss the Syrian crisis. to use their powers for different reasons. In Libya, the opposi- The concept of a transitional government tion was supported by international powers, and this weakened to which the parties agreed would include Qaddafi . In Egypt, the army made a tactical shift, which ended the Syrian opposition, but in no way exclude up with the weakening of Mubarak. Unless the Assad regime people from the incumbent administration, is weakened in a similar way, the struggle between Assad and upon Russia’s insistence. opposition forces may continue for quite a while. The UN plan calls for the establishment of a transitional national unity government with full executive powers, which may include members of Bashar al-Assad’s government, members of the opposition and other groups. Parliament extends It would oversee the drafting of a new consti- tution and the scheduling of elections. mandate of Turkish “This [UN plan in Syria] is just a begin- ning, not a resolution. Instead of approach- troops in Lebanon ing this as an absolute resolution, it should Parliament approved a proposal on Friday by the Prime be perceived as a new step or perspective in Ministry to, for the sixth time, extend the mandate of the resolution,” Davutoğlu remarked about Turkish troops operating under the banner of the UN Inter- the fi nal decision of the Geneva conference. The five permanent members of the UNSC and the foreign ministers of Turkey, Iraq, Kuwait and Qatar met in Geneva at an initiative by Annan, the international envoy to Syria. im Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) for one year, starting Sept. 5. Davutoğlu also noted that lengthy discus- UNIFIL’s mandate period is set to end on Aug. 31, 2012, sion of issues and intensive debates had country from the kind of political ambiguity volving into a bilateral crisis between Turkey attended by both civilian and military offi - and the renewal of the period for the new term is expected to be taken place during the meeting, and that the that may lead to chaos in Syria. The Syrian and the Assad regime last week after Syria cials, including Deputy Prime Minister Beşir decided by the United Nations Security Council by the end of fi nal document of the conference had been opposition is far from inspiring confi dence shot down a Turkish warplane, in response Atalay, Interior Minister İdris Naim Şahin, August. The UNSC adopted Resolution 1701 on Aug. 11, 2006, formed after negotiations regarding bilateral in the international community as to its to which Turkey stationed anti-aircraft guns Defense Minister İsmet Yılmaz, Chief of after a confl ict broke out between Lebanon and Israel, on July differences between attending parties. ability to hold power due to its fragmented along its southern border. General Staff Gen. Necdet Özel, Land Forc- 12, 2006, and put it into action following the cease-fi re between Russia, a close ally of the Syrian regime, state, representing the country’s ideological Before the Geneva meeting, Davutoğlu es Commander Gen. Hayri Kıvrıkoğlu and the parties signed on Aug. 14, 2006. showed resistance to solutions involving the and sectarian divide. Unlike Libya’s Na- stated to members of the Turkish press Gendarmerie Commander Bekir Kalyoncu. The Turkish Parliament fi rst agreed to send troops ousting of President Assad from power. The tional Transitional Council, which brought that Turkey would act with deliberation in Amid rising tensions, the National Se- to the war-torn country in 2006 to help monitor a shaky nation has demonstrated its support for the together most factions fi ghting against evaluating the Syrian situation. “Turkey is curity Council (MGK), Turkey’s highest na- cease-fi re between Israel and Hezbollah guerrillas based Syrian regime since the beginning of the Muammar Gaddafi ’s regime, Syria’s oppo- neither a ‘hard power’ nor a ‘soft power’; it tional security body, discussed the jet crisis in southern Lebanon and has extended its mandate for violent regime-led crackdown against op- sition has no leadership on the ground. is a ‘smart power.’ We would neither act im- in detail during its scheduled meeting on a year every summer since then. Parliament previously position forces. Russian Foreign Minister Keyman deemed the new formula of a pulsively nor would we let such a threat go,” Thursday. “Turkey will act with determi- authorized the government on May 29, 2007, July 8, 2008, Sergei Lavrov was quoted by international transitional government “a gradual regime Davutoğlu maintained. nation against this violent act by reserving June 23, 2009, June 24, 2010, and July 5, 2011, to extend media outlets as saying that there was “no change” in the country, this time with Rus- all rights under international law,” read a Erdoğan gathers security the mandate of Turkish troops operating under UNIFIL. attempt [at the meeting] to impose on the sia’s consent. “The plan envisages the exit of statement released after the meeting, with- The Turkish government sent a proposal to Parliament Syrian people any type of transitional pro- Assad in one or one-and-a-half years’ time, summit to discuss Syria jet crisis out further elaboration. last Monday asking for a year’s extension of a peacekeep- cess,” emphasizing that the newly minted because he has no chance of winning if there As consultations among foreign ministers of Turkey has said the Syrian attack will ing mission currently deployed in southern Lebanon to plan for resolution does not imply the com- are free elections,” Keyman noted. He added the world on the Syrian situation were pro- not go unpunished, but has also made clear support the UN interim force stationed there. prehensive dismissal of the Assad regime. that Turkey should evaluate every possible ceeding in Geneva on Saturday, Prime Min- that it has no intention of declaring war on According to the proposal, the government asked for the ex- Professor Fuat Keyman of İstanbul’s scenario in Syria with level-headedness, in- ister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan held a security its southern neighbor. The government is tension of the Turkish military presence in Lebanon by one year Sabancı University claimed that the pro- cluding one in which the Assad regime holds summit at the prime minister’s residence to reportedly planning some sort of retalia- starting Sept. 5, 2012. The proposal stated that due to the political posed move would allow the Assad admin- power in conjunction with other groups. discuss the Syrian attack on the Turkish plane tion, but its timing and circumstances will and security situation in Lebanon, it is appropriate for Turkish istration to remain in power for a certain pe- With international tensions running and strained relations with Damascus. be decided by the government, according to troops to remain in the country, adding that Turkey’s participa- riod of time, but that it would also save the high, there was a risk of the situation de- The summit, chaired by Erdoğan, was unconfi rmed reports in the Turkish media. tion in UNIFIL has made major contributions to the mainte- nance of peace and stability in the region. Ankara Today’s Zaman

DESIGN: MEHMET ULGA NATIONAL MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 05

‘Obligation to seek permission’ for probes major setback EKREM DUMANLI contýnued from page 1 chairs automatically obtain immunity against legal tion of suspects does not comply with the prin- on which it is sitting,” the retired prosecutor said. Prosecutors will not be able to investigate actions,” he said, and cautioned that many state ciples of a country governed by the rule of law. Turkey, which has seen four military coups [email protected] offi cers working at these institutions if their supe- offi cials who are currently under arrest will be re- Currently there are nearly 800 suspects under and several coup attempts, started investigating riors do not allow such action. leased from prison due to the new law. “The law arrest on coup and terror charges. A considerable anti-democratic activities within its military in Many jurists believe such an obligation is a will affect past investigations, too. Former Chief number of them are retired and active duty miliyart 2007. There are several investigations and cases The unbearable violation of the principle of equality before the law. of General Staff Gen. İlker Başbuğ, for example, members. Jurists say the offi cers will be released against suspected coup instigators, and dozens of The law is set to affect ongoing court cases. This will be set free because prosecutors did not obtain from prison pending trial when the law is passed them are under arrest pending trial. According burden of beıng has left jurists concerned that a large number of permission from military superiors when arresting in Parliament. Sacit Kayasu, another retired public to retired military judge Mesut Kurşun, the gov- suspects who are currently in prison pending trial him,” the professor stated. Başbuğ was arrested prosecutor, called the government’s plan to abol- ernment is violating the Constitution by trying ın the same boat on terror and coup charges will be set free because earlier this year as part of a probe into propaganda ish special courts and to make it an obligation for to pass the law on permission for prosecutors in It has not been easy for Turkey to come to this point. Many had to prosecutors did not obtain permission from their websites allegedly established by the military to prosecutors to obtain permission from related investigations in Parliament because an article of suffer in order to make Turkey a democratic country. Democracy has superiors to investigate them at the time. undermine the AK Party government. authorities to investigate state offi cials “alarm- the Constitution already seeks such permission been under threat since 1960. The juntas holding that things were Vahit Bıçak, a professor of criminal law, said Retired Public Prosecutor Gültekin Avcı ing.” For him, prosecutors will no longer have for crimes that do not require harsh punishment going bad wanted to make sure that the country would become iso- forcing prosecutors to obtain permission to investi- warned that prosecutors will not have the au- the authority to bring state offi cials who break or lengthy prison terms. He also said Turks are lated and separated from the world. The execution of former Presi- gate suspects is providing the suspects with a kind thority to demand the search or detention of sus- the law to justice. “Military commanders will not uneasy with how the government has avoided dent Adnan Menderes and his friends was a heinous murder, com- of immunity against legal action. “The [new] law pects nor will they be able to demand searches of allow prosecutors to investigate their staff. … It disclosing the full content of the law in Parlia- mitted in order to send a message. The dominant powers wanted to has shown that the principle of equality before the suspects’ addresses. “This will deal a blow to the will be impossible to try coups and fraud [in state ment without consulting legal experts. “It seems have control over even dreams. But this did not happen. law is not in practice in Turkey. This means citi- principle of confi dentially conducting investiga- institutions]. I am following developments with to me that there is not a consensus among gov- When the people went to the ballot box, they strongly punished zens are subject to different practices according to tions,” he said, adding that forcing prosecutors concern. The ruling party is making it [passing of ernment offi cials. They keep making inconsistent the pro-guardianship mentality. However, those who held that they their ranks or statuses. The ones who sit on offi cial to seek the permission of superiors for investiga- the law] a fait accompli, and is cutting the branch statements,” he added. İstanbul Today’s Zaman had the right to stage a coup did not waste time. The people were holding the coup-makers, the juntas, the gangs and the organized crime groups responsible; but the lesson taught at the ballot boxes had a political message for those who understand it. And there was also a small group of elites who saw a coup as a legitimate right, regardless of the election results, including military servicemen, bureaucrats, aca- demics, business actors and media members. This small but infl uential group wanted to make sure that democracy would be kept under the shadow of guns. However, making a coup was a criminal matter; and the juntas should have been held responsible under the law. It is a new thing that coup makers are being held responsible under the law. For the fi rst time, military servicemen, police offi cers and bureaucrats were brought to trial in connection with the Er- genekon investigation for toppling the government and suspending the democratic process. Despite their shortcomings that are subject to criticisms, the special courts reminded us of the beauty of being a state governed by the rule law. What we had was a legal structure TODAY’S ZAMAN, EMRE BÜRKÜK that could act swiftly to open an investigation and was empowered to take action vis-à-vis even the strongest fi gures. The matter is not limited to coups and juntas alone. Please recall

PHOTO that purse-snatching gangs disappeared. Why was that? The investiga- tion and interrogation methods employed by the special courts elimi- nated these gangs. Where are these gangs that used to intimate the whole country? Where are the mafi a organizations and mobsters? Spe- cial courts equipped with extensive powers addressed these problems. The deep structures that used to put pressure upon the local courts re- mained immune to prosecution due to their strong infl uence. The struggle carried out against the coups, the juntas, the mafi as and gangs with reliance on the law has attracted the attention of the public as evidenced by their huge support extended to the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) in the elections and referendum. The constitutional amendment package’s most important items were on the judiciary. The Republican People’s Party (CHP) even declared that they would support the package in the referendum in case these items were removed. For this reason, despite the alliance of all other parties against the package, the people supported this initiative at the referendum. Former Air Forces commander retired Gen. İbrahim Then all of a sudden, the overall climate has changed. Some Fırtına is seen leaving a courthouse after attending problems emerged allegedly after the MIT crisis. In an effort to ad- a hearing of the Balyoz coup case. Fırtına is currently in prison while on trial, but jurists say he dress these problems, a legal amendment was introduced. Besides, may be set free when the government’s law on there is no linkage at all between the amendments currently being special courts is passed in Parliament. considered and that crisis. In addition, many things are carried out secretly and for this reason, it is not possible to discuss them. It is a secret how some people in prison are informed about possible steps towards this change in legislation while even leading AK Party fi g- ures declare that they have no information on this matter. CMK revision on special courts Some conservative colleagues misinterpret concerns of their friends; this misinterpretation takes the whole discussion to another level and undermines the democratic progress made so far. Instead of opposing the abolishment of Article 250 without discussion and delib- eration and hearing the concerns of their friends, they attempt to blame to affect key coup, terror cases them. They make a false argument that defending the special courts means defending guardianship. This is not the case. What really mat- contýnued from page 1 continue to function. The MHP’s deputy for rest of suspects against whom there is no strong Similarly, CHP deputy Ali Rıza Öztürk criti- ters is how to deal with the coups. Arguing that high criminal courts Nearly 800 suspects are currently Konya, Faruk Bal, said Turkey needs special evidence. The government believes the changes cized the fact that a small commission from the could address this situation is an invitation to many additional Susur- incarcerated as part of these cases. courts to continue its fi ght against gangs but will help protect individual rights and freedoms. AK Party was assigned to draft the law and that luk scandals. Even though we attribute the indifference to the pressure Special courts were established in 2004 in line added that the courts need remodeling. The other deputies in Parliament were not briefed on upon local courts to naivety, how will we explain these courts’ inability with the EU reform process and were credited AK Party’s Bozdağ further said that contrary to AK Party, opposition members its content. “I do not think that the drafting of to deal with deep structures due to their limited authority? with dismantling gangs and organized crime current practice, the law on special courts is set complain of lack of info on law such an important law without a discussion with Viewing this issue as a matter of arm-wrestling leads to the disap- in Turkey and pursuing coup-plotting senior to make it an obligation for prosecutors to ob- Apart from information Bozdağ has provided relevent institutions and commissions and even pearance of wisdom. The struggle against anti-democratic structures generals for the fi rst time in the republic’s tain permission from related institutions to in- to the press, the content of the law on special without consulting the opinions of members of is the greatest responsibility of those who love this country. The sup- history. Jurists say abolition of special courts vestigate senior offi cers from the General Staff, courts remains a mystery. A lack of elabo- the ruling party is the right approach,” he said. port extended by the CHP and the Labor Party (EMEP)to the abol- may result in the release of suspects who National Security Council (MGK), Ministry of ration about the full content of the law has Öztürk said he is a member of the parliamentary ishment of the special courts should have raised doubts among the have been charged with serious crimes. For Interior, National Intelligence Organization frustrated several deputies in Parliament, in- Justice Commission but was not informed of the conservative friends. They did not become suspicious of this weird al- jurists, the abolition of these courts before the (MİT) and the police force on suspicion of fraud cluding those from the AK Party. content of the law. “The Justice Commission liance; but they should at least hear constructive criticisms from their fi nalization of ongoing coup and terror cases or bribery. Offi cers working on such investiga- The AK Party’s Şamil Tayyar complained should have debated the law with other politi- friends and brothers because they have sailed on the same boat for many years. That boat is this country. Those who want to sink that would ring alarm bells for Turkish democracy, tions will be immune to any investigation or that he has no idea about the details of the cal parties. We keep talking about an issue, the boat have been working tirelessly to this end for many years. Some as the fi ght against coup-planning circles and prosecution if their superiors grant permission law, adding that he hopes senior members content of which we are unaware of,” he added. people spend efforts to ensure that this boat does not sink out of their other criminal networks may come to a halt. for such action to be taken. However, prosecu- of his party have devised a method protect- Another deputy from the CHP, Ahmet concerns; it will be wrong to remain indifferent to this warning. There is resistance in Parliament to the tors will be able to investigate offi cers accused ing ongoing coup and terror cases from ad- Toptaş, said the AK Party has ignored the na- passage of the law on special courts. While the of terrorist activities and organized crime with- verse effects. “To be sincere, I did not see the tional will and the will of Parliament by not ruling AK Party has secured the support of the out obtaining permission from any institution. law. I wonder what kind of a formula has briefi ng deputies on the content of the law. Will there be setback in main opposition Republican People’s Party In addition, the law envisages not arrest- been found not to allow the ongoing cases “Even AK Party deputies do not know about (CHP) and the pro-Kurdish Peace and De- ing suspects who have committed a crime en- to be adversely affected. I have nothing to the law. Why are they [the AK Party] hiding struggle against coups? mocracy Party (BDP), the Nationalist Move- tailing a possible jail sentence of less than two say about this issue because I have no sound the content of the law from Turkey’s repre- This is a question that is the minds of all. Will gangs reemerge af- ment Party (MHP) says the courts should years. Courts will not be allowed to rule for ar- information,” he told reporters on Saturday. sentatives?” he asked. İstanbul Today’s Zaman ter some legal amendments and take revenge? The answer to this critical question is both yes and no. How so? Both sides of the coin should be considered. The junta fi gures and actors will feel they have won a victory in case legal amendments serve their interests. This, on the other hand, will destroy the morale and strength of those who struggle against the anti-democratic structures just like in the Susur- luk investigation. In fact, we could identify a rule and pattern as fol- Musa Anter shooting suspect accused of other murders lows out of past experiences including fi rst attempt for constitutional monarchy: the gangs would liquidate the administrations that failed A man who was detained late last week on also injured, was detained on Friday in Şırnak prov- Yıldırım is personally involved in the Güven and tan Communities Union (KCK) investigations. to deal with the gangs. There is almost no difference between what suspicion of being the assassin of Kurdish writ- ince. Yıldırım also reportedly murdered two other Özkurt murders. Perinçek added that Güven’s Yldırım is believed to have lived in Şırnak happened to Sultan Abdulhamid and to those who did not pay much er Musa Anter in 1992 might be behind other un- individuals in 1993 in Şırnak province. A group of family got in contact with the İHD, seeking legal for the past 20 years and continued to serve as attention to the Feb. 28 gang. The criminal organizations which were solved murders, the Taraf daily claimed on Sunday. family members -- whose relatives were murdered support so that Yıldırım can be brought to justice. a village guard -- a southeastern local armed by not effectively prosecuted in a timely manner have created trouble There is evidence indicating that Hamit by unidentifi ed assailants -- staged a sit-in protest Meanwhile, Musa Anter’s son Dicle Anter said the state against the terrorist Kurdistan Work- when they had the opportunity. I hope that such dramatic conse- Yıldırım, who was detained last Friday, might have in the southeastern province of Diyarbakır on Sat- that two sacks of documents found in Yıldırım’s ers’ Party (PKK). Reports claim Yıldırım, a former quences will not be experienced by the recent amendments. There been the man who pulled the trigger in the 1993 urday, claiming that Yıldırım is the murderer of the home will help to fi nd the unknown assailants in PKK member himself who later worked as a hit- is the other side of the coin: the people. It is not that easy to move murder of Ömer Güven, a Welfare Party (RP) pro- two individuals in 1993 in Şırnak. the southeastern province if they are carefully in- man for JİTEM -- a shady and illegal anti-terror Turkey backwards in its struggle against gangs, juntas, mafi as and vincial leader, and Cemal Özkurt, an individual Speaking on behalf of the group, Necibe vestigated. He also voiced his dissatisfaction with unit established in the gendarmerie in the 1990s coups. The wall of fear has been destroyed. It does not seem logical to who happened to be near Güven at the time. Güneş Perinçek, a member of the Human Rights the way Yıldırım is being detained. Yıldırım was not -- has lived a life of luxury during the past 20 years travel in the opposite direction where the people ask for stronger and Yıldırım, accused of being the hitman in the Association’s (İHD) commission investigating handcuffed by police offi cers, unlike suspects who and did not feel the need to change his name or more consolidated democracy. The democratic stance of the people 1992 attack in which journalist Orhan Miroğlu was murders by unknown assailants, asserted that have been arrested within the scope of the Kurdis- hide during this time. İstanbul Today’s Zaman will be the determinative element in the current political setting.

DESIGN: MELEK ÜNVER 06 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 NATIONAL

EMRE Lack of road safety culture costs an 10,000 lives annually USLU AYDIN ALBAYRAK ANKARA where he is based, about 95 percent of the people wear which have only 48 percent of the world’s registered ment of the existing laws. It’s common knowledge that [email protected] a seat belt, and the average in Europe is estimated to vehicles. As middle-income countries such as Turkey, Turkish people living in Europe obey the rules of the Nearly 10,000 people lose their lives due to traffi c be around 90 percent. “There is not much discussion China, Brazil and India go through a rapid process of road more strictly than their relatives in Turkey, who accidents in Turkey each year. about it; all wear a seat belt in Europe,” he commented development, the number of roads, cars and drivers allow themselves to act more freely on the road. It’s And it has a lot to do with mentality. “There really to draw attention to the sharp contrast. increases signifi cantly. And as noted by Krug, this because Turks in Europe are aware that laws will be AKP and the is no culture of road safety in Turkey. It’s just not part Wearing a seat belt saves lives: Not wearing a seat process is usually not accompanied by measures that enforced and that they stand little chance of getting absence of truth of the mentality yet,” said Dr. Etienne Krug from the belt may increase the risk of death in road crashes by create a culture of safety. off scot-free. Commenting on the situation in Turkey, The major contribution the Justice and Devel- World Health Organization (WHO), who shared his up to 60 percent. For Turkey, it’s of huge importance Since a culture of road safety is not deeply in- Krug noted: “Legislation is more or less quite ad- opment Party (AKP) has made to Turkish poli- fi rst impressions about Turkish people’s attitude to- because not wearing a seat belt, together with excess grained in people, they speed, don’t wear seat belts equate, but it’s not enforced. Seat belts are obligatory, tics is to bring the “truth” into politics. In fact, wards traffi c safety. Not observing the rules is costly as speed, is one of the leading causes of deaths and inju- and drink and drive. But fatalism also seems to be an but how many people wear them in Turkey?” the AKP earned its reputation by telling the well: The total socioeconomic cost of last year’s traffi c ries on the road. element, according to Krug. “In many countries, there Traffi c accidents are among major causes of death truth about what the party intends to do. accidents could be as much as TL 16.5 billion, Interior But Turkey has also made some progress in the is still fatalism. People just see it as a price to pay to and injury in the world. Nearly 1.3 million people die Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s repu- Minister İdris Naim Şahin announced recently. last couple of years towards decreasing the number of become a modern country with more roads, and cars,” each year on the world’s roads, and 20-50 million peo- tation is particularly related with this perception. Director of the Department of Violence and Injury casualties in traffi c accidents thanks to various proj- he commented. ple sustain non-fatal injuries. If current trends continue, He was considered the leader that never lies. Thus, Prevention and Disability at WHO, Krug, who visited ects. In the last 10 years, the number of road crashes In an effort to decrease the number of road crashes road crashes are predicted to become the fi fth leading when the opposition parties argued that the AKP Turkey June 26 and 27 to talk and exchange views with has increased by 179 percent and injuries in accidents with casualties, Turkey launched, together with nine cause of death by 2030, resulting in 2.4 million deaths had a “hidden agenda” for the secular regime, offi cials on a project Turkey has been implementing by 105 percent, while deaths from accidents has de- other countries, in June 2010 the Road Safety Project, a year. In a bid to prevent 5 million road traffi c deaths people did not buy this argument. This is because concerning safety on the road, didn’t hide his surprise creased by 8 percent. Compared to 2010, the number which is coordinated by WHO and fi nanced by the globally by 2020, in May 2011, the Decade of Action for Erdoğan’s reputation as a leader that tells the truth at what he found. Talking about Ankara, “I’m struck of fatal crashes in Turkey decreased last year by 3.6 Bloomberg Foundation. Together, the 10 countries in Road Safety 2011-2020 project was launched – coordi- prevented people from believing what the opposi- to see such a modern city where so few people wear percent, while the number of people who lost their the project -- Turkey, Mexico, Brazil, Egypt, Kenya, nated by the United Nations in more than 100 coun- tion parties were saying about him. seat belts,” he told Today’s Zaman. lives dropped by 5.2 percent. China, India, Cambodia, Vietnam and Russia -- ac- tries. Turkey, with over 23 million drivers and more However, in recent months people discovered Only 22 per cent of drivers wear a seat belt in An- Over 90 percent of deaths and injuries in road count for 60 percent of all deaths from road crashes. than 16 million registered vehicles on the road, aims the other face of the AKP. Surprisingly, the party kara and probably even fewer passengers. In Geneva, crashes occur in low and middle income countries, Turkey’s road problem also has to do with enforce- to cut the number of road casualties in half in 10 years. leaders, including Erdoğan, have been telling lie after lie to their own people. Worst, many of the AKP fi gures try to explain this hypocritical side of the AKP as the “nature of politics.” The following is a list of the AKP’s lies in the last year which have had a major impact on Turkish politics. 1) Before the June 2011 elections Erdoğan said, “If I were in power in 1999, I would have executed [Abdullah] Öcalan’s death sentence.” It turned out that in the same week that Erdoğan said this, the National Intelligence Organization (MİT) was, AA, KAYHAN ÖZER with his permission, negotiating with Öcalan. 2) The AKP did not tell the whole truth about the Uludere incident, in which 34 innocent villag- PHOTOS ers were bombed by Turkish war jets, to the peo- ple, prosecutor and Parliament. 3) AKP leaders, including Erdoğan, recent- ly said that the criminal courts that handled the Ergenekon, Balyoz (Sledgehammer) and Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK) trials will remain and the law will not change to alter these courts. But as of Saturday it turned out this promise was a lie, too. 4) On the jet crisis, Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu said and Erdoğan confi rmed that the Turkish jet was shot down in international wa- ters, but The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) reported that this statement was not correct. The jet was downed in Syrian airspace and Turkish sources did not deny the WSJ article. One can add many lies to this list but these Leyla Zana, an independent are the four major lies that dominated Turkish pro-Kurdish deputy from Diyarbakır, met with Prime politics over the past year. These are the issues that Minister Recep Tayyip harmed Erdoğan’s reputation as a man of truth. Erdoğan on Saturday to These are the issues that placed Erdoğan right next discuss the long-standing Kurdish issue. to old politicians, especially next to former Presi- dent Süleyman Demirel, who was well known for his inconsistent statements and his motto “Yester- day is yesterday, today is today,” meaning what- ever I said yesterday belongs to yesterday and I am not responsible for what I said yesterday. Kurdısh deputy Zana: Oslo When I bring up the issue, many AKP lead- ers “explain” that this is the nature of politics. However, it was Erdoğan’s contribution to Turk- ish politics that politicians do not fl ip-fl op but negotıatıons should contınue say things as they are. Such attitudes of the AKP leaders indicate that Erdoğan and the AKP have contýnued from page 1 events in prisons and constant police misbe- achieve peace. Zana gained prominence in 1991 the need to open channels of dialogue. When I de- yet again adopted the same old political tactics to She told Erdoğan that all sides of the havior do nothing but disrupt the process of for taking part of her oath of offi ce in Parliament cided to meet with him, I based it on my reasoning, save the day instead of looking at the future. Kurdish issue should participate in a so- solving the Kurdish issue. in Kurdish, which is not recognized as an offi cial political experience and insight.” She clarifi ed that There can be a number of reasons why the AKP lution. “We have seen that the security-oriented Regarding the Uludere incident -- in which 34 language in Turkey. She was convicted in 1994 her decision was in defi ance of stern criticism lev- mentality and policies have not yielded any viable villagers were mistakenly targeted by the Turkish by the State Security Court (DGM) for links to eled against her and felt this meeting was likely to leaders have rediscovered the old habit of Turkish results so far. The only thing that never was tested Air Forces in December 2011 -- and the govern- the PKK, which is considered a terrorist group contribute positively to the process. politics, lying, after 10 years. One of the main rea- is keeping negotiations alive. The Oslo talks [be- ment’s inadequate and disappointing handling of by Turkey, the US and the EU. In her previous remarks to a Turkish daily, sons they’ve started to lie when faced with diffi cul- tween the government and the Kurdistan Work- the issue, she said a state should not regard issuing Commenting on the new bill that will offer Zana said she does not think the Kurdish issue ties is because there is no alternative to the AKP. ers’ Party (PKK)] mark a milestone in the Kurdish an apology to its citizens as a sign of weakness. Kurdish as an elective language course for the up- will be solved by appointing the military, police or Thus, they think they are immortal and immune to question; therefore, I told him [Erdoğan] that ne- Zana noted that the abolition of the death coming education term, Zana told reporters that judiciary to certain roles, stating: “There is a solid political criticism. More importantly, they think they gotiations should start again,” Zana said. An atmo- penalty occurred under the AK Party government, she earlier told Erdoğan that it was positive prog- fact here. Let’s say this openly and accept this fact. can manipulate people for a long time. When they sphere of trust must be established to keep chan- when a death sentence had already been handed ress but was far from meeting Kurds’ demands of If he wanted, the strongest person can solve this lie to the people they count on Erdoğan’s leadership nels of dialogue open, she added. down for Öcalan. She added that the government education in their mother language. [Kurdish] issue. Who is that strongest one? It’s the skills, which still appeal to many. Despite all attempts and positive moves to- could take another step and commute Öcalan’s life On calls to the terrorist organization to end government and its head, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. I consider this a major problem for the AKP wards confronting their fears, [Kurdish] people, sentence to house arrest, which would be a critical all armed activities she said, “It is not realistic to The person who is the head of the strongest gov- government for the years to come. As they con- who have been distracted and concerned with step for the resolution of the Kurdish issue. tell the PKK to lay down arms while [Turkish] ernment in [our] history … has the power to sort tinue lying to the people, they will realize that constant arrests and ongoing trials, need to She argued that rhetoric and new promises military operations continue.” out this issue. I believe that he will be able to solve people will no longer believe these lies. Lying see positive and progressive moves rather than are no longer enough and said that phase was Regarding the tone of the meeting, Zana said this issue. I have never lost my faith in him. And I in politics is one of the worst addictions, which small gestures, she underlined. over. She said everybody wants peace and ques- the prime minister listened to her politely and with don’t want to lose my faith in him. If I had lost [my politicians cannot escape from. Thus, unless She said the Uludere incident, the tragic tioned how many more lives needed to be lost to the utmost attention. “He showed his sincerity on faith], I wouldn’t be here.” İstanbul Today’s Zaman the AKP has a medical treatment that can help it refrain from lying, one can count down the days until the end of the AKP. Government under criticism about PKK leader Öcalan’s whereabouts The Turkish government is under harsh criticism from opposi- bility as justice minister, dismissed all claims saying, “I declare from this According to the story, Öcalan has been spending a great portion of all the questions concerning whether or not Öcalan is still kept in tion parties regarding Abdullah Öcalan, the leader of the terrorist stand to Turkey that he is serving time in prison on İmralı [island] at the his time in the guesthouse that has served as an intermediate station prison on İmralı. Mehmet Öcalan, the PKK leader’s brother, went Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). In particular, opposition parties have moment, as he has been for more than 10 years.” for talks the government is said to hold with Öcalan in an effort to put to İmralı in January this year to visit but was also unable to see his put Justice Minister Sadullah Ergin on the fi ring line in Parliament, Dismissing claims that Öcalan is being kept somewhere else as an end to the PKK terror. The discussion about where Öcalan is being brother. According to press reports at the time, the PKK leader just claiming that Öcalan may have been taken out of the prison on İmralı untrue, Ergin, upon persistent questions from opposition deputies re- kept fi rst reached Turkey’s agenda a couple of weeks ago when Dev- sent a message to his brother that said: “Things are very delicate Island where he is supposed to be kept and instead may have been garding where Öcalan is serving his sentence at the moment, also said let Bahçeli, leader of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), asked around here. It’s not proper for me to come and see you.” staying in another location in recent months. in Parliament: “There has not been the least bit of information in our the question, “I wonder if Abdullah Öcalan is on İmralı,” noting that Öcalan, who was caught in Kenya and brought to Turkey in “Should there be any fault of yours or any deliberate act on your hands up till now that he has ever been allowed to leave İmralı,” noting no comments from Öcalan had been heard regarding the CHP’s re- 1999, has been in prison for 13 years. The government seems to be part with regard to this issue, this would require that you be tried before he has been justice minister since 2009. But CHP’s Yılmaz made it clear cent proposals for the Kurdish issue. To Prime Minister Recep Tayyip trying to fi nd a solution to the Kurdish problem by including Öcalan the Supreme Court,” Dilek Akagün Yılmaz, a member of Parliament that she didn’t fi nd the minister’s response satisfactory, saying: “You Erdoğan’s criticism of his remarks, Bahçeli stood behind what he said in the process. Deputies from the Kurdish Peace and Democracy from the Republican People’s Party (CHP), said to Justice Minister Er- just can’t remove yourself from the issue by saying, ‘We have no such at the time, saying with a little sarcasm: “The issue should be viewed Party (BDP) demand that Öcalan be kept under house arrest rather gin in Parliament on Saturday. Noting that Öcalan was sentenced to information.’ You have a serious responsibility in this.” as an issue that needs investigating. Should there be a need for proof, than on İmralı, which opposition parties such as the MHP and the an aggravated life sentence, Yılmaz added: “Öcalan can’t be allowed to The same day a Turkish daily claimed in recent months Öcalan they [prime minister and Öcalan] may appear together on television.” Grand Unity Party (BBP) fi ercely oppose. The justice minister said stay in any other place. You can’t oversee such an act.” had often been taken to the National Intelligence Organization’s (MİT) The fact that Öcalan’s attorneys have not been allowed to visit in Parliament on Saturday that house arrest for Öcalan was not an But Ergin, who is being targeted because prisons are his responsi- guesthouse in Bursa by a black armored chopper MİT uses for VIPs. the PKK leader on İmralı since July 27 of last year is the basis for item on the government’s agenda. Ankara Today’s Zaman with wires

DESIGN: YUNUS ASLAN BUSINESS MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 07

Dangers on Turkey’s road to becomıng a real regıonal power Ankara looks to Let me start today’s column with a partial self-criticism combination of soft power as well as hard power. ing a soft landing for the economy, which means, as I increase Syrian trade before discussing Turkey’s regional power claim. Last SEYFETTİN There is no problem regarding demographic su- have explained several time in this column, a growth Monday I was asserting that the EU summit could be periority. Turkey’s current population of 75 million rate of around 4 percent and a decrease both in in- ‘after revolution’ terminated by deadlock instead of compromise as usual. GÜRSEL should be close to 100 million by 2040 given demo- flation and in the current account deficit (CAD). A BUĞRA KARDAN İSTANBUL

Indeed, with regard to the two basic subjects of conflict [email protected] graphic dynamics. But we can hardly express the same decrease in inflation as well as the CAD are set for -- the issuing of collective debt (Eurobonds) and the di- assurance for the remaining items of the definition. this year, but growth could be well below 4 percent. Finance Minister Mehmet Şimşek on Satur- rect rescue of banks by European funds -- no compro- There exist important fragilities and weaknesses in po- In order to keep unemployment on track, Tur- day said tensions between Syria and Turkey mise could be reached on the first, but an agreement was which also claim to be regional powers. litical, ideological, economic and military areas. Turkey key needs at least 5 percent growth, and to make have affected trade relations negatively but that reached on the second. The Germans accepted that as It is true that Turkey under AK Party rule has has not yet switched to a fully democratic regime. The this level of growth sustainable in the long run, a they are predicted to heal tremendously “after [a] soon as a banking supervisory system can be established achieved both political stability and economic suc- country can only secure a modern democracy under CAD-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio of not revolution” takes place in Syria. by the European Central Bank (ECB), the European cess during the last decade. The threat of a military the rule of law and individual freedom once it has re- more than 5-6 percent is needed. This will not be Speaking to participants at a panel titled “Turkey Stability Mechanism (ESM) will be able to recapitalize coup has been warded off, important political and placed the current Constitution with a democratic one. guaranteed as long as courageous labor market and and the Arab Spring: Building New Foundation for shrinking banks. We do not know yet if this German economic reforms have been completed and per The process of making a new constitution is under tax reforms are not implemented. Stability and Prosperity” during the Turkish-Arab backlash, which was forced by the Italian and Spanish capita income in purchasing power parity (PPP) in- way, but a happy end is not guaranteed. As for military superiority the bloody attack on the Economic Forum in İstanbul that took place on June prime ministers threatening to block the Stability and creased to 52 percent of the EU average from 38 per- A democratic constitution freed from aggressive Mavi Marmara by the Israeli army and the shooting 29 and 30, Şimşek noted the warm relations between Growth Pact (SGP), will be sufficient to calm markets. cent, while income inequality and poverty have been Turkish nationalism and giving enough voice to Kurd- down of a Turkish war plane by the Syrian air defense the countries disappeared when Turkey criticized the The Justice and Development Party (AK Party) alleviated. But it seems that these achievements are ish citizens is also a prerequisite for transforming the showed that the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) are not at bloody actions of the Syrian regime. He said, “As a claims since the post crisis economic boom, backed by not enough to make Turkey a regional power. Kurdish problem from violent conflict into political the desired level. Recent information and debate on the result, trade activities stopped, investments were af- strong popular support for the AK Party, that Turkey In a new article, “Turkey as regional power: Un- confrontation under democratic rules. As long as this capabilities of the TSK revealed important weaknesses, fected and even travel between the countries was re- has become a very influential regional power, even an founded ambition or future reality,” which will be transformation is incomplete, the Kurdish problem particularly in electronic warfare and missile technology. duced,” adding, “in the future, relations will prosper “order builder,” as Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu published soon in a book on Turkey, I suggested the will continue to facilitate manipulations from outside Certainly, until the TSK is backed up by an advanced when the Syrian people gain their freedom.” likes to say. I have some serious doubts about this as- following summarized definition for “regional power,” as well from inside by forces challenging Turkey’s and independent defense industry, which has recently Recalling that Syria and Turkey have a free trade sertion. I do not say that it is wrong or unfounded but taking into consideration the vast literature on the sub- claim of regional power. Last but not least, this prob- displayed a much improved performance, its military agreement, Şimşek said: “We used to have large- I simply believe that it is too early to consider Turkey ject: To consider a country as a regional power, this lem will continue to be a bane for our fragile democ- parity with regional adversaries will not be established. scale operations in Syria and Turkish investors were as a regional power capable of securing peace and sta- country must enjoy superiority in demographic, eco- racy while dissipating our scarce economic resources. To sum up, given these weak points, Turkey is actively working in industries such as tourism and ce- bility in its very troubled neighborhood. Moreover, I nomic, political, military and ideological realms in such For the moment, the Kurdish problem happens only half way to becoming a real regional power. I ment but all that’s in the past now. We place high im- am afraid that acting as a power in regional conflicts a way that this superiority allows the country in ques- to be deadlocked. So far, the situation is not encour- think that to act as a regional power under these cir- portance on unity and the state of the Syrian people provokes worry, apprehension and sometimes hostil- tion to influence the decision-making processes of oth- aging on the economic front as well. The AK Party cumstances is rather dangerous and could even be an and plan on contributing to improving relations when ity from protagonists, such as Russia, Iran and Israel, er regional nations. Obviously this definition requires a government, with the help of the central bank, is try- obstacle on the way to becoming a regional power. a transition takes place. We believe that when the will of the Syrian people is reflected by the government, the country will grow stronger.” Responding to ques- tions by the press, the executive director of Bank Audi sal-Audi Saradar Group, Samir Hanna, said: “Cur- rently, economic activities are at a minimum and businesses have stopped investing in Syria. I suppose the number of projects taking place in the country will regress.” Stating that Bank Audi holds a 50 percent of share in a Syrian bank, he complained that the con- Smart boards from scratch as flicts have reduced business activities in the country.

Minister Yılmaz says skepticism about FATİH lingers no discrimination A tender for the procurement of smart against Iranian banks boards in Turkish classrooms as part of the ERCAN BAYSAL ANKARA Movement to Increase Opportunities and Technology (FATİH) project could return to square Development Minister Cevdet Yılmaz said one following an appeal from a bidder firm. on Sunday that not all Iranian banks are

Often referred to as revolutionary, FATİH’s pilot ZAMAN TODAY’S currently under embargo in Turkey, and that program kicked off in 52 schools in 17 provinces across if they take steps to open banks in the country Turkey, with a total of 12,800 tablet PCs issued to ninth they will not be discriminated against. grade students in February. The state aims to provide PHOTO During his meeting with a group of reporters on 15 million students with domestically produced tablet trade relations with neighboring countries, Yılmaz PCs. This makes FATİH the largest program of its kind raised the existence of the embargo against Iranian in the world, given the number of students it targets. banks, emphasizing that there are some Iranian banks FATİH will also introduce interactive smart boards not included in the embargo that have expressed an into each school, replacing traditional blackboards. interest in entering the Turkish market and made at- However, a tender for providing the smart boards tempts to do so. He noted that as long as international to the classrooms is now expected to return to square law is not violated, these banks are free to submit one following a decision by the Public Procurement their applications to the Banking Regulation and Su- Authority (KİK). Turkish electronics manufacturer pervision Agency (BDDK). Referencing the meeting Vestel has won the tender. Following a court deci- between Turkish President Abdullah Gül and Iranian sion to cease the tender process, KİK started receiv- Vice President Ali Saidlu on Friday, which focused on ing complaints from separate firms participating in bilateral relations between Turkey and Iran, particularly the tender. One of these firms, TR Kurumsal Bilişim concerning the energy sector, Yılmaz stated that Tur- Çözümleri, appealed to KİK, arguing the winning key had requested a reduction in the price of natural firm claimed the patent for manufacturing the smart gas. He stated that parties are discussing the possible board. TR Kurumsal said the board should be able discount and, if provided, arbitration could be avoided. to be manufactured by different firms separately. KİK Yılmaz noted that Iran had been informed at the rejected this appeal. The issue was later conveyed meeting about the new Commercial Code (TTK), ef- to the Ministry of Information. If the ministry turns fective as of today, which is expected to increase in- the KİK decision down, TR Kurumsal will be able to vestments and prevent illegal trade in Turkey, while appeal to take part in the tender. This means a new interrupting the flow of money to terrorist organiza- tender would become a necessity. Turkish students attend a class in front of a smart interactive board. The government expected to distribute 84,921 smart boards to classrooms across Turkey following a recent tender. tions. He also mentioned that due to different meth- Having bid the lowest amount at TL 339.6 mil- ods of calculation Turkish truck drivers had been lion, Vestel was announced the winner of the smart introduced a prototype of the smart boards to the and notebooks would harm the children’s writing a keyboard-type input. Students aren’t there just to paying overly high prices for fuel, and said transpor- board tender back in January of this year. As part of public in the week following the tender. The board skills. A similar criticism came from Microsoft co- read things. They’re actually supposed to be able to tation ministers on both sides are working towards a the first phase, the company was expected to pro- was criticized for failing to be user-friendly, but the founder and chairman Bill Gates in an interview with write and communicate,” he argued. According to solution to compensate for the difference. vide 84,921 smart boards to classrooms across Tur- company pledged improvements to it. Chronicle of Higher Education last week. Gates said Gates, a low-cost PC is the best device for engaging Yılmaz suggested that although there are currently key in the following eight months. The company The criticisms were not only concerning the he believes offering products such as the Surface and students because it is a more interactive experience. no difficulties in financial relations between Turkey and said it would bid in tenders for the second and third smart boards but also the tablet PCs. In January, Apple’s iPad “is not necessarily the best way to help Gates’ comments come at a time when differ- Iran, the interference of third party nations could pose phases of the project. The smart interactive boards, General Mobile obtained the tender for the first the education of students.” “Just giving people devic- ent US schools are announcing plans to spend mil- risks to this stability. “Gold trade has been used as a if provided, are expected to enable teachers in some phase of FATİH, which involved the trial of tablet es has a really horrible track record. You really have to lions on iPads and iBooks. Meanwhile, Microsoft payment method due to the difficulty of accessing for- 620,000 Turkish classrooms to reflect any document PCs in 83,000 schools. Some educators have argued change the curriculum and the teacher. And it’s nev- is on the verge of releasing its Surface Windows 8 eign exchange, leading to delays in payments,” he said. around the world they need for the class. The firm that a swift switch to tablets from traditional pens er going to work on a device where you don’t have tablet with keyboard support. İstanbul Today’s Zaman

New commercial code takes effect Ministry to implement price Murat Çetinkaya appointed deputy as of today ceiling for communication bills governor of Turkish central bank The new Commercial Code (TTK), which is seen as a “revolution” in the business world, will come Minister of Transportation, Maritime Af- (BTK), a TL 100 ceiling could be placed on services Murat Çetinkaya, who had been at Boğaziçi University, where he also into effect as of today. The announcement informing fairs and Communications Binali Yıldırım customers receive depending on their request. serving as vice general manager gained his master’s degree from the de- the public was published in the Official Gazette on announced on Saturday that a ceiling price and Furthermore, within the scope of the agreement at Kuveyt Türk Participation Bank since partment of social studies. Çetinkaya be- Sunday. Customs and Trade Minister Hayati Yazıcı services scheme would be implemented on cell between customers and operators, the TL 100 2008, was appointed as the new deputy gan his banking career at Albaraka Türk also remarked on Sunday that “the commercial code phone, land line, Internet and cable TV bills as limit could be raised or lowered. governor of the Central Bank of Turkey Participation Bank, where he worked in is not a holy book. If a change proves to be necessary in of July 1, 2013. Yıldırım stated that businesses with at least on Saturday. According to the written the international banking and treasury the future, the code can be amended.” Speaking to the Anatolia news agency, Yıldırım 200,000 subscribers will be held accountable under announcement published in the Of- departments. Later in 2003, he began Yazıcı added, “We listened to the recommenda- noted that protecting the rights of consumers is the scheme and will have until July 2013 to establish ficial Gazette on Saturday, Çetinkaya, a working at the majority state-owned tions of all of the actors in the business world and held crucial and explained that the practice is intended the necessary technical infrastructure. He stated that graduate of Boğaziçi University, which is Murat Çetinkaya Halkbank and held high positions in discussions with experts to remove those codes that to prevent unexpected sums on bills putting an businesses with fewer than 200,000 subscribers have one of the top universities in the nation, the international banking, structured fi- would limit the activities and competitiveness of busi- extra burden on consumers. “At times, bills reach been left out of the new regulation in order to pro- as vice general manager of the bank was responsible nance and investment divisions. In his last two years at nesses.” Noting that they have received heavy criticism high figures and lead to unhappy customers, but tect them from a heavy financial and administrative for overseeing treasury, international banking and Halkbank, he also served as a member of the board of during the process, he stated: “Our aim is to ease the this regulation will bring end to that, he said. burden. Under the new regulation subscribers will be investment banking activities. The new deputy gover- directors. Currently, he is continuing his doctoral stud- lives of businessmen and lift the limitations. As the Jus- According to the new regulation prepared sent warning messages when they hit the ceiling price nor, who was born in 1976, double-majored in politics ies at Boğaziçi University in the fields of international tice and Development Party [AK Party], the focus of our by the Communication Technologies Authority limit they have placed on their bill. İstanbul Today’s Zaman and international relations in addition to sociology finance, economics and politics. Ankara Today’s Zaman policy is the people’s satisfaction.” İstanbul Today’s Zaman

DESIGN: SELAHATTİN ÖZDOĞAN 08 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 BUSINESS

İstanbul’s urban transformation to kick off following Eid al-Fitr China’s manufacturing SEVGİ KORKUT İSTANBUL slows in June

Officials from Bayraktar’s ministry have filed against apartment owners who do not AA Urban Planning Minister China’s manufacturing grew in June by its spent the past few months determining all allow the building to be demolished, it said. Erdoğan Bayraktar Environment and Urban Planning Min- the structures in İstanbul susceptible to earth- “The government is serious in not tolerat- slowest pace in seven months, a survey re- ister Erdoğan Bayraktar on Saturday said quake damage. Experts are now deliberating ing illegal structures [buildings vulnerable to leased Sunday showed, raising questions about PHOTO a recently announced urban transformation to decide on whether these constructions will earthquakes],” Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Beijing’s efforts to prevent the world’s second big- project to reinforce structures against earth- be demolished or reinforced. Strongly back- Erdoğan had earlier commented. gest economy from slowing too quickly. quakes would commence following the end of ing the project, the government has recently Speaking at a conference on natural disas- The European debt crisis is pinching China’s export the Muslim fasting month of Ramadan. said it will not condone any misuse. ters in İstanbul on Saturday, Bayraktar called on manufacturers, while moves to control property prices A long-expected project, urban transforma- The government said it will not wait for all related parties -- local authorities and NGOs have chilled spending on construction, with worries tion is expected to first start in İstanbul follow- the approval of all the apartment owners of -- to back the project. “This is a national project China’s economic growth will fall below 8 percent in ing Eid al-Fitr, the three-day holiday that marks a building that needs to be reinforced or de- above all politics. … We do not want to relive the second quarter. Although still high by Western stan- the end of the holy month of fasting, scheduled molished and that the approval of two-thirds past miseries -- due to natural disasters -- expe- dards, that is weak compared with years of double-digit for Aug. 22. The metropolis was chosen first of them will be seen as sufficient to demol- rienced in this country,” he asserted. Bayraktar growth and points to concerns about China’s appetite for since it is one of the cities most vulnerable to ish a [shoddy] building. If sufficient approval said around 6.5 million houses in Turkey need imports from countries increasingly reliant on Chinese earthquakes, and it has the largest population. is not obtained, criminal complaints will be to either be reinforced or demolished. demand. The state-affiliated China Federation of Logis- tics and Purchasing said that its purchasing managers’ index, or PMI, fell 0.2 percentage points to 50.2 percent in June, just above the 50 level that signifies expansion. The index was at 50.4 in May, 53.3 in April and 53.1 in March. The slump comes at a sensitive time for the rul- ing Communist Party, which is preparing to hand power to a younger generation of leaders this year. Growth fell to a nearly three-year low of 8.1 percent in the first quar- ter. Analysts expect it to decline further before a possible Tehran says ıt wıll ‘confront’ rebound late this year. China is moving cautiously with its recently launched “mini-stimulus” plan, mindful of the painful hangover of inflation and debt from its 4 tril- lion yuan ($586 billion) avalanche of spending, including a wasteful building boom, in response to the 2008 global new european unıon sanctıons crisis. The government cut interest rates early in June for Iran has stored up imports and hard for importing Iranian oil will have to be termi- Minister Rostam Ghasemi meanwhile ordered Minister Gen. Ahmad Vahidi made statements to the first time in nearly four years, and also cut gasoline currency for a “battle” against “das- nated from Sunday. Also, European companies his staff to “mobilize” against “illegal sanctions,” the official IRNA news agency about the Strait in and diesel retail prices. It has promised to pump money tardly” EU sanctions, officials said will no longer be involved in insuring Iranian oil. Mehr said. It did not say what the measures were. which he did not mention any plans to stop it. He into the economy with spending on low-cost housing, Sunday, the day that the measures aimed at The measures come on top of previous sanctions Late Saturday Ghasemi told state television that said Iran is the main protector of the waterway, airports and other projects. Beijing AP pressuring the Islamic Republic over its con- levied by the US and the West that have already Iran has weathered previous rounds of sanctions. and that Tehran “has confronted anybody who troversial nuclear program take effect. hit Iran’s economy. US officials say the American “I do not see it as a problem that enemies have tried to endanger the Strait.” Vice President Mohammad Reza Rahimi said sanctions have cut exports of Iranian crude from imposed an embargo today,” he said. “Simply, The semiofficial news agency’s editorials WB cancels $1.2 bln the country has stockpiled the population’s daily about 2.5 million barrels a day last year to be- because they have imposed similar sanctions sometimes reflect views held by top Iranian of- needs to reduce the impact of the embargo hitting tween 1.2 and 1.8 million barrels now. “We have years ago, and nothing happened.” He said ficials who do not wish to state them publically. Bangladesh loan the oil and banking sectors. “Today, we are facing not remained passive. To confront the sanctions, Iran has already stopped selling oil to many EU Mehr also suggested that Iran could make use of The World Bank has canceled a $1.2 billion loan the heaviest of sanctions and we ask people to help we have plans in progress,” said Bahmani. He countries and sold to others instead. “Develop- hard currencies other than the US dollar and the for construction of a bridge in Bangladesh, say- officials in this battle,” Rahimi was quoted by state did not elaborate on the plans. On Saturday Bah- ing countries and countries with fast economic euro, form its own insurance syndicate to replace ing it has credible evidence of corruption involving a television’s website as saying at a religious con- mani said Iran is “easily” selling its oil despite all growth have no alternative to oil. Fortunately, foreign companies that withdraw from the mar- Canadian engineering company. ference. He said the “dastardly sanctions” might current and future sanctions because some coun- because of the quality of our country’s oil, all ket, store up oil in tanks for later sale so as not to The global lending agency said it did not receive a cause “occasional confusion” in the market, but tries have received waivers from the US to import are interest in using it.” Mehr published its own cut production, or simply reduce oil production satisfactory response from the Bangladesh government that the Iranian nation would not be stopped. some Iranian oil despite the punitive measures. analysis listing measures that Iran could take to to save its reserves for the future. The US and after it raised the issue of corruption last year. It said in a Central bank governor Mahmoud Bahmani The State Department has announced that Chi- counter the sanctions, including shutting the vi- EU measures are intended to pressure Iran over statement Friday that it has evidence pointing to “a high- also told the semiofficial Mehr news agency that na, India, Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, Singa- tal Strait of Hormuz off its southern coast that fears that it is developing nuclear weapons. Iran level corruption conspiracy” among Bangladesh govern- Iran has “plans” to deal with the embargo and pore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Turkey and Taiwan handles a fifth of the world’s oil supply - a threat denies the charges, saying its nuclear program is ment officials, executives of Canadian engineering and enough hard currency to meet its import needs. have been given waivers from the US in exchange that has repeatedly been made by Iranian officials aimed at peaceful purposes like power genera- construction giant SNC-Lavalin, and private individuals The EU said earlier this week that all contracts for “significantly reducing” oil imports. Iran’s Oil in the past. On Sunday, however, Iran’s Defense tion and cancer treatment. Tehran AP in connection with the planned 6.5-kilometer (4-mile) Padma Multipurpose Bridge Project. Bangladesh Com- munications Minister Obaidul Quader called the World Bank’s decision regrettable because the government’s Anti-Corruption Commission was still investigating the allegations. “Such a decision is unfortunate before the investigation is complete,” he told reporters Saturday. The bank said it earlier sent a team to Dhaka to explain AP, VAHID SALEMI its position and receive the government’s response. “The response has been unsatisfactory,” it said. The bank “cannot, should not, and will not turn a blind eye

PHOTO to evidence of corruption,” it said. Montreal-based SNC- Lavalin, one of the world’s largest engineering and con- struction companies, has acknowledged making improper payments to agents to win contracts on two projects. An internal probe resulted in the resignation of its CEO and two other senior executives. The company’s headquarters was searched by Canadian national police in April. Bangladesh has been rated one of the world’s most corrupt nations by Berlin-based Transparency Interna- tional. The World Bank loan, signed In April last year, was part of a funding package for construction of the $2.9 billion bridge, slated to be the country’s longest. Funding also was expected from the Asian Develop- ment Bank, the Japan International Cooperation Agen- cy and the Islamic Development Bank. Dhaka AP Apple wins 2nd US sales ban on Galaxy An American judge ordered Samsung Electronics Co. to halt US sales of its Galaxy Nexus smart- phone while the court considers Apple’s claim that the South Korean company infringed its patents. In Apple’s second victory in a week against Android devices, the US District Court of Northern California said Friday that the Galaxy Nexus smartphone “likely” infringes four patents held by Apple Inc., including a pat- An Iranian oil technician makes his way to the oil separator facilities in Iran’s Azadegan oil field. Iran said on Sunday it will stand up against embargoes hitting its oil and banking sectors. ent used in the “Siri” voice-activated assistance available in the iPhone 4S. “Apple has clearly shown that it is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary injunctive relief,” Judge Lucy Koh wrote in the ruling available online. She ordered Apple to post a $96 mil- lion bond - an estimated damage sustained by Samsung from the temporary sales ban -- in case the iPhone mak- Angela Merkel seen as big loser in eurozone showdown er loses to Samsung in a later trial, scheduled for 2014. The sales ban in the United States will be effective imme- Angela Merkel was portrayed across Europe blindsided at the euro summit,” wrote influential cessions of “Frau Nein” were far bigger than ear- dressed in their national football shirts with “1-0 diately when Apple posts the bond. The Galaxy Nexus as the big loser of a eurozone showdown in columnist Nikolaus Blome of Bild, a daily with 12 lier compromises in the name of saving the euro. to Hollande” over the top. It devoted its first four lawsuit is one in a series of legal battles between Apple Brussels after the German chancellor was forced million readers. The summit ended on Friday with “Merkel caves in -- money for ailing banks,” read pages to his summit triumph. Liberation said it and Samsung. The two world’s largest makers of smart- to accept the crisis-fighting measures championed agreement on new steps to try to prevent a cata- the headline on Germany’s left-leaning Suedde- was the pressure from Hollande, Monti and Ra- phones together claimed more than half of the global by countries struggling with their debts. strophic breakup of the single currency. utsche Zeitung. Bild wrote: “Italy and Spain got joy that made Merkel buckle and accept a growth smartphone market in the first three months of this year. Newspapers in Spain, Italy and France on Sat- Popular at home for insisting on austerity what they wanted: It’ll be easier to borrow exces- plan and banking union mechanism. It applaud- Samsung and Apple have been embroiled in mul- urday toasted the triumph of their leaders -- Mario measures and tough conditions for those indebted sively again... It was the first time in more than two ed his negotiating prowess. tiple lawsuits in Asia, North America and Europe since April Monti, Mariano Rajoy and Francois Hollande -- in eurozone states getting help, Merkel was quick to crisis years that euro states didn’t follow Germany’s “The night the South made Merkel cave 2011 when Apple accused Samsung of copying its iPhone pushing Merkel into a U-turn that would long have put a positive spin on the summit, telling reporters: orders.” Footballing comparisons have been wide- in,” was the headline over a Liberation report and iPad. Samsung shot back with claims that Apple is using been unthinkable. Even German newspapers said “We had an interest in finding solutions.” There spread after Italy knocked Germany out of the Euro on the Brussels summit. France’s right-leaning its mobile technology without permission. The latest order Merkel had been made to accept demands for the was no sign that the summit had damaged her 2012 tournament in a shock 2-1 victory on Thurs- daily Le Figaro called Spain and Italy the real from the Californian court follows Koh’s decision Tuesday eurozone rescue fund to be able to inject aid directly reputation on Friday as both houses of parliament day. “This time it was worse, the defeat was about winners. “Just like in football, it is thanks to to temporarily block the sales of the Galaxy Tab 10.1 tab- into stricken banks from next year and intervene on voted to back the eurozone’s permanent bailout the euro,” said respected Deutschlandfunk radio. Italy and Spain that the dynamics of the match let computer in the United States. But it is “the first serious bond markets to support troubled member states. scheme. And Merkel does not face any particular In France, left-leaning daily Liberation had a have changed and that Angela Merkel has been blow” Apple has dealt to Samsung and Google Inc., said “There’s no doubt about it -- the chancellor was political challenge at the moment. But the con- front page splash showing Hollande and Merkel forced back against the wall.” Berlin/Paris Reuters Florian Mueller, a Germany-based patent analyst. Seoul AP

DESIGN: ADNAN SARIKABAK INTERVIEW MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 09 Jenny Whıte: Turkısh Muslımhood replacıng Islamısm ‘There is a notion of Muslimhood now in Turkey that has replaced Islamism, or at least pushed it to the fringes of politics. Muslimhood implies a different understanding of personhood. If you are a pious Muslim and you enter politics, the assumption is that you become an Islamist. But the theologians behind the Muslimhood model ask: “Why should that be so? Do Christian politicians become Christianists when they enter politics?”’ N ‘Turkish state feels it has ownership of women’s bodies’ What’s been happening to women in Turkey? You touched on the topic of how they were disregarded after the contýnued from page 1 AK Party’s election. People are still uncomfortable using the word “kadın” She answered our questions last week on this issue and other (woman) even though Parliament has just changed the topics in Abant, Bolu, where she was one of the participants, names for restrooms from “hanım” (lady) to “kadın.” We comprising both locals and foreigners, who debated Turkish democ- did the same thing in the 1960s and the ‘70s in the United TODAY’S ZAMAN, TURGUT ENG İ racy in a conference titled “Different Perspectives on Turkey.” States. Until then we had ladies’ toilets, not women’s toilets. Where do you see Turkey today politically? The idea was to disentangle women from their social context We have a top-down hierarchical, patriarchal party that is call- and make them individuals. If you are defined as a member

PHOTOS of a group, whether this group is your family, “aşiret” (clan), ing the shots. It represents the new elite although it claims to repre- community or nation, those groups define who you are and sent the population. It is autocratic and authoritarian in terms of the claim ownership of women’s bodies. Even the state gets in- way it’s forming policies. This is absolutely nothing new. Some of us volved; Turkey used to have forced virginity tests. Why would were happy when the [ruling Justice and Development Party] AKP the state be interested in that? The state is the mirror image came to power in 2002 because we thought it was something new. of an authoritarian and patriarchal society. And in part we thought that because there was a social movement So you are not surprised by what Prime Minister Erdoğan that preceded it, women were involved. But it’s all gone. The minute said in regards to abortions and C-sections. It is not surprising that the state feels it has ownership the party won and consolidated power, it became a Turkish politi- of women’s bodies. Erdoğan talks about cesarean sections, cal party and the social movement that was part of it is completely which are a medical procedure. He feels he has a right to say, over. The women who thought that they were participating in a “I’m going to ban this.” Why is that not absurd? It’s because social movement were pushed out and don’t really have any roles it follows the old tradition of the state having an interest in anymore. They are quite bitter about that. It’s now business as usual. women’s bodies, women’s virginity, women’s moral status or You have been following Turkey since the 1970s, right? women’s honor, because that reflects the integrity and honor Yes, half of Turkey’s population is under the age of 30, so they don’t of the state. And the discourse of the nation is very much sexual -- the honor of the nation and the penetration of the actually remember anything. People who criticize the AKP for being nation’s boundaries are made equivalent to the penetration authoritarian don’t really have a very long memory. Now they put jour- of women, so women are symbols of danger to the nation. nalists in jail; before they would kill or torture the journalists. You really The only place for women in the nation is really as mothers of need to have the memory of not just the ‘80s but also the ‘70s. In com- martyrs. And mothers are not sexual. This is a desexualized parison, this is an improvement in a lot of ways because there is at least role for women, and that role is also militaristic. a discourse going on about liberalism, individual rights, human rights, etc. Today you can talk about the Armenians and 1915, whereas in the ‘Gülen movement not 1980s you couldn’t talk about it at all. There is a discourse now that makes it possible to imagine a different direction -- forward or back- traditional Islamic movement’ ward, I don’t know, but it was not possible before. If you look at the Gülen movement, they are not organized as a tra- Do you think Turkey is in a period of transition? ditional Islamic movement would be. They are organized as a series Everything is always in a transition, especially in Turkey. If you of networks, of foundations. They are very interested in education compare Turkey now to the ‘70s, it’s a different planet -- the way and supporting young people to better themselves and be upwardly it looks, the way people interact, what’s in the stores, etc. In the mobile, which is exactly what a Muslimhood model could bring to Tahrir Square and what the Muslim Brotherhood likely cannot. ‘70s, Turkey was very much like a poor Eastern European country It’s not the old-fashioned Islam of rituals and text-based behind the Iron Curtain in the way it treated its citizens, in the way Islamic practices. It’s a different kind of Islam; it’s not your people feared the state and the military. There are now more pos- grandfather’s or grandmother’s Islam. And there are people sibilities; people can shape their lives in many different ways. This who I encountered during the research for my book, young is important, especially to the younger generation. men and women, who came by Islam in unusual ways. For instance, one young woman was reading a novel by the Bra- ‘Despite polarizing rhetoric, zilian writer Paul Coelho. The main character in Coelho’s book need- identities less clear’ JENNY WHITE ed a spiritual guide to lead him to where he could find meaning in life. The search for meaning and social justice, however it develops, What does Islam mean in Turkey? can lead to membership in religious networks, or to faith and par- There are so many different ways of expressing that. There ticipation in civil society groups, which are another kind of network. is a female sheikh [Cemalnur Sargut] on Bağdat Caddesi in ing Turkish under a broader category, but it’s still unclear what it The young woman I mentioned earlier started to cover her head İstanbul who does not cover her head and attracts a lot of profes- is. And that’s why the references to the Ottoman Empire are so and started to read the Quran, but she didn’t join an Islamic com- sional women who are secular. The question is why? I think it’s important. Alev Çınar wrote about the changing perception of the munity. What she did was to join a secular NGO that works for social justice. When I say Muslims can now choose how to be a Muslim because if you don’t know what it is to be a Muslim, if you don’t founding moment of the Turkish nation; it used to be 1923 but now it is 1453. You can go relive this period in a 3-D museum and watch and what group to belong to, she is a perfect example of someone know what it means to be Turkish anymore, then this happens. who chose to do something which was probably not possible be- the fi lm “Fetih 1453.” It is important for identity because it tells For a lot of youth, it is important to get ahead; they are not in- fore. The aim was not to be a good Muslim; the aim was social jus- terested in sacrifi cing themselves for the state. Now, the state is that you are no longer defi ned by the 1923 borders. Along with tice. This is an entirely new way of being a Muslim. mixed in with the government; it used to be separate. Despite the that came the assumption which is taught in schools that in 1923 But to be able to do that you have to have gone through the polarizing rhetoric, identities are less clear. You still want to be Turks saved themselves from Western enemies that were trying to process that I described before -- globalization, commercialization Turkish, but what does that mean? People are searching for au- destroy them, and these enemies are still trying to do so now us- and formation of a devout middle class that has the self-confidence to say, “Yes, I am a Muslim but I’m going to define what that is.” thenticity. This female sheikh may be catering to this search for ing non-Muslim minorities within Turkey to do their dirty work. But this is irrelevant now as you can be friends with Armenians, The Muslimhood model would be a great model for Egypt, but I don’t Turkish authenticity because I am told that she emphasizes that think they can get there yet. There is hope that the military would Greeks, Arabs or anyone else. This is not neo-Ottomanism, this Islam is something Turkish and it appeals to people who are lost step back, but it is unlikely to happen; they run a lot of the economy among international logos in malls. People feel unsettled and is post-imperialism -- that you have a new sense of who you are, in Egypt. There is not the economic process to open things up. seek their roots. Where are their roots? Are they in the blood, in where your boundaries are and what you are capable of, though the fl ag? Maybe not so much anymore. Are they in Islam? Are romanticized and not always realistic. There is this conceptual they in possessions? opening to the world -- that was what [Turkey’s late Prime Minis- In your book “Muslim Nationalism and the New Turks,” ter and President Turgut] Özal was doing -- which means pushing told them that Turkey is not a Muslim democracy but a secular de- which will come out in November, do you deal with issues related aside the Kemalist model that tells you who is Turkish and who mocracy. He said that they are Muslims who run a secular state or to Turkey’s national identity and if the identity has been rede- is your enemy. There is a new notion instead that Turkey was an regime. In addition, the Ennahda Party in Tunisia explicitly models fi ned? PROFILE empire and could be a world power again. itself on the AKP, but Tunisia is like Turkey in many ways already so Yes, in fact, the whole book is about that. Kemalism was very much What do you think lies behind Turkey’s it’s not so much a model for change but an expression of the state of based on race, blood and lineage -- you hear the word “soy” [lineage] Jenny White, a writer and social anthropologist, rise to international prominence? affairs in Tunisia. There is a notion of Muslimhood now in Turkey used all the time. A year or so ago, a minister spoke at a university to a teaches social anthropology at Boston University as First of all, opening up to the world economically was that has replaced Islamism, or at least pushed it to the fringes of group of scientists to encourage them to improve the standard of Turk- a tenured associate professor. She has published Özal’s legacy. There has also been a conceptual opening up to politics. Muslimhood implies a different understanding of person- ish science. In his speech, he said that this was important so that we can two scholarly books on contemporary Turkey. “Mon- the world, which has meant pushing aside the Kemalist model hood. If you are a pious Muslim and you enter politics, the assump- ey Makes Us Relatives,” a description of women’s be aware of dangers like importing tomato seeds from Israel -- if you that says there are enemies out there trying to undermine us. tion is that you become an Islamist. But the theologians behind labor in urban Turkey in the 1980s, was published There is also the notion that “we used to be an empire and we grow tomatoes from these seed and people eat them, it could nega- in 1994. “Islamist Mobilization in Turkey” was the Muslimhood model ask, “Why should that be so? Do Chris- can be a world power again” -- which are the ideas of [Foreign tively affect Turks’ genetic lineage. This statement led to an explana- published in 2002 and explains the rise of Islamic tian politicians become Christianists when they enter politics?” tion by the minister of agriculture that Turkey imports only 4 percent of politics in Turkey in the 1990s. It won the 2003 Dou- Minister Ahmet] Davutoğlu. Islamists, led by [Necmettin] Er- Can you elaborate more on this? its tomato seeds from Israel. Another example is that during the 1999 glass Prize for best book in Europeanist anthropol- bakan in various parties, talked about the Ottoman Empire as Their argument is that being a Muslim is a personal attribute, so earthquake, one of the ministers rejected blood donations from Greece ogy. Her first novel, “The Sultan’s Seal,” was pub- a model [for becoming a world power] but they were not open when you enter politics, you take that with you -- perhaps as a set of because he did not want to mix blood. This relates also to liberals who lished in 2006. It was translated into 14 languages to globalization. Now, there is an embrace of globalization in ethics -- but it doesn’t affect your work in the public arena or how you and is available in paperback and as an audiobook. can be perceived as mixing everything and having no boundaries. They Turkey, liberal economic policies plus the Ottoman period as a run the government. In fact, the AKP is a very Turkish party: top down, Booklist has named it one of the top 10 first novels model. Altogether, this allows Turkey to be in the global arena have no single group that they belong to. That’s one reason why liber- of 2006 and one of the top 10 historical novels of hierarchical, authoritarian, patriarchal, etc., all the things that the other as a political and economic power. als are not so powerful. Who listens to the liberals here? The power is 2006. It was shortlisted for the 2006 Ellis Peters parties are as well, more or less. People tend to blame these attributes in the hands of people who have groups and who know where the Historical Crime Award. The sequel, “The Abyssin- on Islam because as a young population they have a very short memory boundaries are and are ready to defend them. ian Proof,” was published in 2008 and the third Ka- ‘Muslimhood model appeals to Tahrir Square and don’t see the continuities. mil Pasha novel, “The Winter Thief,” in 2010. demonstrators’ The Muslimhood model might be one which the demonstra- ‘Turks pushing aside Kemalist model’ There is a clichéd question: ‘Can Turkey be a model for the tors at Tahrir Square would have appreciated. They are not inter- And what would you say in regards to the change related to countries which were involved in the Arab Spring?’ But what ested in the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood -- which is top-down, Turkey’s national identity? would you say about being a model for these countries? What hierarchical, authoritarian, patriarchal and ideological. They want Being Muslim was also part of this racial category. For instance, does it mean? to be modern in their own way and they want to have upward if you meet someone whose name is İshak and who has been here It means different things to different people; they use it as mobility. The women want opportunities that they did not have since Byzantine times, a lot of people in Turkey would not consider justifi cation for whatever it is that they want to do. The Egyptian under the old regime. They are not interested in the Islamist ide- him a Turk because he is Jewish. So you cannot be a Turk because generals believe they are using the Turkey model when they dis- ologies which go back 50 years; they are interested in having a you are not a Muslim. Where does that come from? It came from solve parliament and push back the Islamists. This is the Kemalist better life. The Muslimhood model would be a more productive the late 1920s and 1930s when racial theories came to Turkey from model with a strong army which keeps Islam out of government. model for Middle Eastern countries. But to have Muslimhood, Russia and Europe. Those ideas infl uenced the Kemalists. Being But when [Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip] Erdoğan went to these countries would have had to go through the process that Muslim was part of your ethno-racial character. Today, this is be- Cairo, he met with the Muslim Brotherhood, which thought that Turkey did, in which Islam was a personal attribute, rather than coming less relevant and moving toward an understanding of be- Turkey was a model of a Muslim democracy. However, Erdoğan the property of Islamic movements like the Muslim Brotherhood.

DESIGN: KADİR ÖZMEN 10 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 WORLD

Yitzhak Shamir, hawkish Israeli prime minister, dies at age 96 Egypt holds Yitzhak Shamir, the hawkish Israeli leader in its own land,” Prime Minister Benjamin Netan- Irgun, taking his Hebrew name from an alias used ıts breath Yitzhak who two decades ago first balked at US calls yahu said in a statement after his death. to evade police dragnets. He later became a leader of Shamir OPINION to trade occupied land for Middle East peace, died Shamir professed a commitment to peace, calling it another underground group, the Lehi, or Stern Gang. REUTERS on Saturday after a long illness. He was 96. “the only prize ... that can justify any war,” but insisted Captured and deported to Eritrea in 1946, the diminu- Omar Ashour The second longest-serving prime minister after Israel never be rushed into a deal or lose its nerve. tive, beetle-browed Shamir missed much of the fighting TODAY’S ZAMAN Israel’s founder, David Ben-Gurion, Shamir clung to “Big countries, I told myself, can afford to make that led to Israel’s founding two years later. Upon his PHOTO the status quo. Admirers saw strength and resolve in mistakes; small ones cannot,” he wrote in his mem- return, he found himself out of step with the country’s CAIRO -- “You are the authority, above any other authority. You his position, while critics called him an intransigent oir “Summing Up.” Born in Poland with the surname left-leaning political leadership of the day. The Mossad are the protectors, whoever seeks protection away from you is a naysayer who allowed Arabs to cast Israel as ob- Yezernitzky, Shamir moved to British-ruled Palestine spy service provided Shamir a back door to power. fool...and the army and the police are hearing me,” said Egypt’s structing reconciliation. “Yitzhak Shamir belonged to before the Holocaust, in which his family died. Steely Recruited in 1955, Shamir clambered up the Mossad’s president-elect, Mohamed Morsi, to hundreds of thousands in the generation of giants that founded the State of Is- and secretive, he ran missions against British and Arab ranks during shadow wars with regional foes and inter- Tahrir Square. A man imprisoned following the “Friday of Rage” rael and fought for the freedom of the Jewish people targets for the hard-line Jewish underground group national hunts for Nazi fugitives. Jerusalem Reuters (Jan. 28, 2011) took the presidential oath in Tahrir on a “Friday of Power Transfer” (June 29, 2012). But he almost did not. Ten days earlier, on June 19, I was with a group of former Egyptian MPs in Tahrir Square. One received a phone call in- forming him that a senior Muslim Brotherhood leader was com- ing to announce that the group was being blackmailed: Either accept the constitutional addendum decreed by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF), which practically eviscer- ated the presidency, or the presidential election’s outcome would New Egyptian president not be decided in the Brothers’ favor. An hour later, the senior figure had not shown up. “The talks were about to collapse, but they resumed,” said the former MP. “Hold your breath.” The victory of the Brotherhood’s Morsi in Egypt’s first free presi- dential election is a historic step forward on Egypt’s rocky democra- tization path. His challenger, former President Hosni Mubarak’s last begins struggle for power prime minister, Ahmed Shafiq, had no chance of winning a clean vote, despite the support of a huge state-controlled propaganda ma- For Egypt’s estimated 82 million people, the prospect of a continuing battle between the military and the Brotherhood, chine and various tycoons. “How many people can they trick, con- vince, or buy? We don’t have that short a memory,” a taxi driver told the country’s largest political group, will only prolong the political instability that has rocked their nation since Mubarak’s me when I asked whether he would vote for Shafiq. Indeed, the Egyptian revolution has defeated Mubarak’s re- ouster last year. Egyptians have seen the initial euphoria following the revolution turn into a wave of pessimism gime and its remnants three times since January 2011: first with Mubarak’s ouster, then in the parliamentary elections held earlier Islamist Mohamed Mursi became this year and now with Morsi’s victory. And yet a military-domi- EPA Egypt’s first freely elected president on nated regime remains a real possibility. The series of decisions by Saturday, launching his four-year term the ruling SCAF just before the presidential vote clearly indicated with a potentially dangerous quest to wrest back that the military has no interest in surrendering power. PHOTO from the military the full authority of his office. The most radical of these decisions was to dissolve parliament, for The outcome of the impending battle be- which 30 million Egyptians voted, based on a ruling by a SCAF-allied tween Egypt’s first civilian president and its pow- Supreme Court. The junta then assumed legislative authority, as well erful generals will redraw the country’s political as the power to form a constitutional assembly and veto proposed landscape after 60 years of de facto military rule. constitutional provisions. It also formed a National Defense Council If Mursi succeeds, the Muslim Broth- (NDC), dominated by the military (11 army commanders versus six erhood will likely be emboldened to press civilians -- assuming that the interior minister is a civilian). ahead with realizing the longtime goal of Meanwhile, efforts to clamp down on protests have con- making Egypt an Islamic state. Otherwise the tinued. The justice minister, a Mubarak-era holdover, granted military -- which has been reluctant to give up powers to the military intelligence and military police authori- the power it assumed after Hosni Mubarak’s ties to arrest civilians on charges as minor as traffic disruption ouster -- will continue its stranglehold on the and “insulting” the country’s leaders. country for years, maybe decades, to come. Now the hard part begins for Morsi, who confronts an intense For Egypt’s estimated 82 million people, the power struggle between the beneficiaries of Mubarak’s status quo prospect of a continuing battle between the mil- -- generals, business tycoons, National Democratic Party bosses, se- itary and the Brotherhood, the country’s largest nior judges, media personnel and senior state employees -- and pro- political group, will only prolong the political change forces, whose largest organized entity is the Brotherhood. instability that has rocked their nation since The junta certainly has no intention of abandoning its Mubarak’s ouster last year. Egyptians have seen vast economic empire (with its tax-free benefits, land own- the initial euphoria following the revolution ership and confiscation rights, preferential customs and ex- turn into a wave of pessimism amid a declining change rates and other prerogatives). It has also no inten- economy, rising crime and a seemingly endless tion of surrendering its veto power, including over national wave of protests, strikes and sit-ins. security, sensitive foreign policy (specifically regarding Israel The yearning for stability was expressed and Iran), and war making -- hence the NDC. by two prominent figures. Nobel Peace Laure- In the absence of a compromise -- and forces that can guarantee ate Mohamed ElBaradei, also Egypt’s top pro- its terms -- polarization can lead to bad outcomes, ranging in seri- democracy advocate, tweeted that it was time ousness from Spain in 1982 to Turkey in 1980, and, most worryingly, to resolve the thorny issues of the new con- Algeria in 1992, when the military regime’s nullification of an Islamist stitution, the president’s powers and legisla- Military council head Hussein Tantawi (L) presents the Shield of the Armed Forces to President Mohammed Mursi during a ceremony at a military base in Cairo. electoral victory touched off a prolonged and brutal civil war. tion. “Now, the time for building has come, to Although Egypt’s generals are by no means as threatened as their achieve the revolution’s goals,” he said. dent of significant powers before doing so. rious Egyptian army returns to being devoted Algerian counterparts were in December 1991, they do have enough Gamal Eid, a well-known rights lawyer The decrees gave the military legislative au- to its mission of defending the nation’s bor- power to flip the tables. Depending on the outcome of the ongoing and activist, saw in Mursi’s inauguration the thority after the parliament was dissolved by court ders and security,” he said.

REUTERS negotiations between SCAF and Morsi, the size of protests in Tahrir chance for someone in power to be held ac- order as well as control over the process of drafting Conflicting chants Square and elsewhere, and the degree of pressure from the interna- countable. “Now the ball is in the president’s a permanent constitution. It also retained its influ- tional community, a deadly confrontation cannot be ruled out. court after he became the first elected presi- ence on key domestic and foreign policy issues. Military ruler Field Marshal Hussein Tan- PHOTO The most likely scenario, however, looks something like dent of Egypt. Now we can hold him account- “The armed forces are the shield and sword tawi’s arrival at the hall was greeted by con- Turkey in 1980: an undemocratic, military-dominated outcome, able either with or without authorities.” Both of the nation,” Mursi told an audience of several flicting chants of “the army and the people but no serious bloodshed. In this scenario, the current consti- sides - Mursi and the military - made a show thousand people, including many members of the are one hand” and “down with military rule.” tutional assembly would be dissolved and SCAF would form of unity during the inauguration ceremonies disbanded Islamist-dominated parliament. He and Gen. Sami Anan, the powerful chief a new one to its liking. It would strongly influence the consti- that began with the 60-year-old US-trained “I pledge before God that I will safeguard of staff, showed no emotion during Mursi’s tutional drafting process in order to enshrine its privileges. In engineer being sworn in at the Supreme Con- that institution, soldiers and commanders, address, but did occasionally clap. other words, SCAF, not the elected president, would remain stitutional Court, then making an address a raise its prestige and support it with all the The military already has won the first the dominant actor in Egyptian politics -- an outcome likely to few hours later at Cairo University as the rul- powers available to me so it can be stron- round, forcing Mursi to take his official oath generate continuing resistance from pro-change forces. ing generals applauded politely. ger,” he added. But Mursi later appeared to of office before the court because there is no The best outcome -- resembling Spain in 1982 -- is the most op- Mursi repeated his oath of office in the urge the military to hand over all powers to parliament, the traditional venue for inaugu- timistic. After the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) won parlia- university’s gigantic lecture hall and lavishly his elected administration. “The [ruling] Su- rations. The Supreme Constitutional Court mentary elections and formed a government in October of that year, praised the military council, which had prom- preme Council of the Armed Forces has hon- is packed with judges appointed by Mubarak the right-wing military establishment accepted the new democratic ised to hand over power to a civilian govern- ored its promise not to be a substitute for the before his ouster and it is the same tribunal Mursi (R) shakes hands with Farouk Sultan, rules of the game and foiled a coup attempt that sought to block the ment by July 1 but pushed through a series popular will and the elected institutions will that ruled two weeks ago that a third of parlia- head of the Presidential Election Commis- advance of the left. The PSOE also realigned the party along more of decrees this month that stripped the presi- now return to carry out their duties as the glo- ment’s members were elected illegally. Cairo AP sion, after his swearing-in ceremony in Cairo. moderate lines, renounced Marxist policies and led a comprehensive reform program, El Cambio (the change). In Egypt, a similar scenario would enhance the prospects of dem- ocratic transition. But the SCAF leadership shows no inclination to emulate the Spanish generals. The Muslim Brotherhood’s leadership, for its part, usually Chinese President Hu urges new Hong Kong leader to heed ‘problems’ takes a risk-averse, gradualist approach to crisis management. Confronted by a revolutionary situation, however, that approach Chinese President Hu Jintao on Sunday the administration of Leung Chun-ying, who right to protest! Why do you even stop us from could be hard to maintain. Further progress toward democrati- EPA swore in Hong Kong’s new leader who will was sworn in for a five-year term, to heed “deep walking?” lawmaker Lee Cheuk-yan shouted zation would require Morsi to keep intact the broad coalition of have to confront challenges ranging from hu- disagreements and problems” in the territory. into a loud hailer as he harangued police block- Islamists and non-Islamists that brought him to the fore -- and to man rights to a push for democracy in the free- A lone protester stood and heckled Hu ing him and a handful of protesters. Hong Kong sustain its mobilization capacity in Tahrir and elsewhere. PHOTO wheeling financial center after a year of transition as he spoke, demanding an end to one-party is a liberal, global financial hub agitating for full Successful transitions from military to civilian rule in Turkey, and protest. Security was tight at the same har- rule and dictatorship in China, before being democracy, making it both an asset and a po- Spain and elsewhere partly reflected sustained American and Euro- bor-front venue where the British handed Hong wrestled away by security personnel. tentially dangerous precedent for China where pean support. But, perhaps more than that, Morsi will need tangible Kong back to Communist Party-run China ex- Outside the venue, masses of Hong Kong people are becoming increasingly intolerant of achievements on the economic and domestic-security fronts to shore actly 15 years ago, with hundreds of police form- police and high barricades smothered all attempts rights abuses and curtailed freedoms. up his legitimacy at home. Otherwise, Egypt’s generals will not be re- ing a solid ring fence to ensure the isolated dem- by protesters to approach. Several demonstrators A far larger demonstration drawing tens of turning to their barracks anytime soon. onstrations were kept out of sight and earshot. were taken away in a police van while a truck thousands was expected to hit the streets after *Omar Ashour is director of Middle East Graduate Studies at the Hu expressed China’s confidence in Hong draped with black June 4 slogans denouncing Bei- the ceremony over a variety of issues including Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, and vis- Kong’s role as a free, law-abiding society, jing’s bloody crackdown on protesters in 1989 was perceived China meddling in Hong Kong’s af- iting fellow at the Brookings Doha Center. He is the author of “The though in a sign of Beijing’s anxiety at recent forced away and tailed by a police motorcycle. fairs and slowing the city’s moves towards full De-Radicalization of Jihadists: Transforming Armed Islamist Move- Chinese President Hu (L) shakes hands with Hong Kong’s Leung. tensions, he appealed for unity and called on “Hong Kong has freedoms, and we have the democracy. Hong Kong Reuters/AP ments.” © Project Syndicate 2012

DESIGN: KADİR ÖZMEN WORLD MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 11 Syrian opposition groups AP, MIKHAIL METZEL reject UN transition plan PHOTO The disappointed reaction underlined the seemingly intractable nature of the Syrian conflict, which this week saw some of the A Russian Space Agency rescue team carries US as- bloodiest violence since the start of the uprising against Assad’s regime in March 2011. Activists said dozens of people were killed tronaut Donald Pettit shortly after the landing of Soyuz.

and wounded in a powerful explosion on Saturday evening that hit a funeral procession in a suburb of the Syrian capital Damascus SPACE Soyuz ends mission with smooth landing

REUTERS A Russian Soyuz capsule landed on the Kazakh steppes on Sunday, safely delivering a trio of astro- nauts who helped to dock the first privately owned PHOTO spacecraft during a six-month stint on the Interna- tional Space Station. The descent capsule, carry- ing Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, NASA astronaut Don Pettit and European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, touched down with its parachute in a cloud of dust at 0814 GMT. The crew left the space station early on Sunday after serving 183 days in orbit, often sharing their experiences with the public via blogs and Twitter. At the end of May, the crew released Space Exploration Tech- nologies’ unmanned Dragon cargo, which arrived as part of a test flight and was the first privately owned spaceship to reach the $100 billion orbital outpost, which is a 15-nation project. Three other ISS crew members -- Russia’s Gennady Padalka and Sergei Revin and NASA astronaut Joe Acaba -- will remain in orbit. Moscow Reuters / AP

VIOLENCE At least 10 killed in Kenya church blasts At least 10 people were killed in grenade at- tacks on Sunday at two churches in Garissa, a town in northern Kenya that is an important military base from where ground forces have been deployed into Somalia to fight al Qaeda- linked insurgents. Kenya has been struck by a series of blasts since it sent troops across the Residents carry the coffins of people protesters say were killed in shelling by forces loyal to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad during their funeral in Deraa. Opposition groups meanwhile have rejected the transition plan. border in October to try to crush the al Shabaab militants. The capital and other parts of Kenya contýnued from page 1 “Every day I ask myself, do they not see how the those with blood on their hands can stay in power.” have suffered a string of grenade attacks. “The Details of the blast in Zamalka remain Syrian people are being slaughtered?” veteran Syrian France on Sunday echoed the same sentiments goons were clad in balaclavas and hurled the murky, but amateur videos showed opposition figure Haitham Maleh asked. “It is a ca- with French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius saying in grenades at the Catholic Church and the AIC gruesome images of bodies, some with their tastrophe, the country has been destroyed, and they Paris on Sunday that a text agreed by members of the [African Inland Church] in the town,” regional limbs torn, lying on the ground as people want us then to sit with the killer?” UN Security Council in Geneva on a political transition deputy police chief Philip Ndolo told Reuters. walked about dazed in a cloud of smoke. Maleh described the agreement reached in for Syria implied that Assad would have to step down. “So far we have at least 10 killed, and more than The British-based Syrian Observatory for Hu- Geneva as a waste of time and of “no value on “The text says specifically that there will be 40 wounded following the grenade attacks,” he man Rights said more than 30 people were killed, the ground.” a transitional government with all powers ... it said. A blast hit a night club in the port of Mom- while the Local Coordination Committees activist “The Syrian people are the ones who will won’t be Bashar al-Assad because it will be peo- basa last Sunday, killing one man. Nairobi Reuters

network said it had documented the names of 40 of decide the battle on the ground, not those sit- REUTERS, DENIS BALIBOUSE ple that are agreed to by mutual consent. “The the dead and that residents were unable to identify ting in Geneva or New York or anywhere else,” opposition will never agree to him, so it signals an unknown number of remaining bodies. he said by telephone from Cairo, where oppo- implicitly that Assad must go and that he is fin- ELECTION Activists blamed government forces for the sition groups are to meet Monday. PHOTO ished,” Fabius told television station TF1. Iceland president explosion, which they said was likely the result Bassma Kodmani, a Paris-based spokes- Fabius also said that if the Geneva agree- of a car bomb detonated near a mosque where person for Syria’s main opposition group, the ment was not enough, France would return to wins record 4th term the funeral of an activist killed earlier by regime Syrian National Council, said the agreement is the UN Security Council to ask for the plan to Icelandic President Olafur Grimsson has won gunmen was being held. “ambiguous” and lacks a mechanism or time- be placed under Chapter 7 of the UN charter so a record fifth term in office, riding a wave of The violence has added urgency to diplomatic table for implementation. that it can be enforced. support for his defiance of Britain and the efforts to end the violence in Syria. “We cannot say that there is any positive Chapter 7 allows the Security Council to au- Netherlands over massive debts from a bank outcome today,” she said. “The Syrians will not thorise actions ranging from sanctions to military crash and asserting the tiny nation’s stub- Geneva conference accept engaging in any political track while the US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton (L) listens to intervention. Sergei Lavrov at the start of the Geneva conference. bornly independent streak. A combative for- An international conference in Geneva on Saturday killing continues.” Annan was appointed the special envoy mer leader of a now defunct left-wing party, accepted UN special envoy Kofi Annan’s plan that There was no reaction from the Syrian re- in February, and in March he submitted a six- he became a symbol of resistance after the calls for the creation of a transitional government gime to the Annan plan, but Assad has repeat- Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said point peace plan that he said the Assad regime 2008 collapse of Iceland’s banks by taking in Syria, but at Russia’s insistence the compromise edly said his government has a responsibility he was “delighted” with the result. The key point accepted. It led to the April 12 ceasefire that the unprecedented step of refusing to sign agreement left the door open to Syria’s president to eliminate terrorists and will not accept any was that the deal did not attempt to impose a pro- failed to hold. UN observers sent to monitor into law government bills on repayment of being part of the interim administration. non-Syrian model of governance. cess on Syria, he said. It did not imply at all that the cease-fire suspended their patrols in Syria money lost in the crash to its larger Euro- The US backed away from insisting that State-run newspaper Al-Thawra said Sun- Assad should step down as there were no precon- on June 16 due to a spike in violence and have pean neighbors. In doing so, Grimsson, 69, the plan should explicitly call for Assad to day “the Syrians are the ones who can deter- ditions excluding any group from the proposed been confined to their hotels since. emboldened a presidential office that had up have no role in a new Syrian government, mine their future.” national unity government, Lavrov added. Moscow had refused to back a provision that until then played a mainly ceremonial role hoping the concession would encourage Rus- The UN plan calls for establishing a transi- would call for Assad to step aside, insisting that out- and put himself at loggerheads with the cen- sia to put greater pressure on its longtime ally tional government of national unity, with full Clinton: Assad must go siders cannot order a political solution for Syria and ter-left government as well as international to end the violent crackdown that the opposi- executive powers, that could include members But US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said it sent accusing the West of ignoring the darker side of the creditors. Reykjavik Reuters tion says has claimed more than 14,000 lives. of Assad’s government and the opposition and a clear message to Assad that he must quit. “Assad Syrian opposition. The opposition has made clear Syrian opposition figures rejected any no- other groups. It would oversee the drafting of a will still have to go,” Clinton told reporters. “What we it would not take part in a government in which tion of sharing in a transition with Assad. new constitution and elections. have done here is to strip away the fiction that he and Assad still held power. Beirut/Geneva AP/Reuters ATTACK US drone strike kills 8 in Pakistan US missiles fired from a drone in a Pakistani tribal region near the Afghan border killed eight suspected militants early on Sunday, Eastern US storms kill at least 13, cut power to millions officials said, as the controversial American strikes continue despite Islamabad’s persis- Millions across the mid-Atlantic region sweltered In West Virginia, 232 Amtrak passengers spent Fri- residents were urged to conserve water until sewage tent demands that they stop. The latest attack AP in the aftermath of violent storms that pum- day night on a train that was blocked on both sides by plants returned to power. The outages were especially killed fighters loyal to militant commander meled the eastern US with high winds and downed trees that fell on the tracks, and they were waiting for bus- dangerous because they left the region without air con- Hafiz Gul Bahadur, the officials said. Baha- trees, killing at least 13 people and leaving 3 million es to pick them up on Saturday. In Illinois, storm damage ditioning in an oppressive heat. Temperatures soared dur is believed by residents of the region to PHOTO without power during a heat wave. forced the transfer of dozens of maximum-security, men- to highs in the mid-90s in Baltimore and Washington, have an informal working relationship with Power officials said on Saturday the outages tally ill prisoners from one prison to another. where it had hit 104 (40 Celsius) on Friday. the Pakistani army, refraining from targeting wouldn’t be repaired for several days to a week, liken- In some Virginia suburbs of Washington, emergen- “I’ve called everybody except for the state police the security forces while focusing on US and ing the damage to a serious hurricane. Emergencies cy call centers were out of service; residents were told to try to get power going,” said Karen Fryer, resident NATO forces in nearby Afghanistan. The were declared in Maryland, West Virginia, Ohio, the to call local police and fire departments. Huge trees fell services director at two assisted living facilities in Wash- continued strikes, despite the likely political District of Columbia and Virginia, where Gov. Bob across streets in Washington, leaving cars crunched up ington. The facilities had generator power, but needed fallout, show Washington’s confidence in the McDonnell said the state had its largest non-hurricane next to them, and onto the fairway at the AT&T Na- to go out for portable air conditioning units, and Fryer effectiveness of the drone program against outage in history, as more storms threatened. “This is tional golf tournament in Maryland. Cell phone and worried about a few of her 100 residents who needed Frances Lukens (L) looks at the tangle of boards and tree al-Qaeda and Taliban fighters who alleg- a very dangerous situation,” the governor said. Internet service was spotty, gas stations shut down and backup power for portable oxygen. Washington AP limbs piercing her living room ceiling in Lynchburg, Va. edly use Pakistan as a base. Dera Ismail Khan AP

DESIGN: YUNUS ASLAN 12 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 EXPAT ZONE

Chıld labor ıssues and socıal ınequalıtıes Since 2002, every year on June 12 the International La- At least 6 percent of children between the ages of help children learn about what life would have been like 0-14 age group. The number of children in the 6-14 age bour Organization (ILO) lends recognition to the cause 6 and 17 are working. CULTURAL CORNER for a child in the mill industry at that time. It is not the group was approximately 11.9 million (Household La- of stopping child labor. World Day Against Child Labour More than 15 percent of children in this age group CHARLOTTE most pleasant subject. However, it is a nice read for both bor Force Survey, State Institute of Statistics, October is a way to highlight the plight of these children. do not attend school. Turkey is rated the third-worst out McPHERSON boys and girls. I believe you won’t want to put it down! 1994.) An estimated 1.08 million (8 percent) of these My foreign guests often ask me about child labor of 16 countries, following Mali and Senegal and in terms For children, it will give them a slice of history in a way children were employed in business, and another 2.8 in Turkey. Statistics are not always easily available on of hours worked weekly by children. that makes it easily understandable for them. million (23 percent) worked in domestic labor (i.e., the subject of child labor in countries where this hap- Child laborers work on average 51 hours per Sadly, child labor in Turkey is an embarrassing fact. family-operated farms or businesses). Within the same pens. Based on the information available, you could say week, and more than half of children aged 6 to 17 work tions. It is disturbing to know that there are children who There are some who are aware of this problem in age group, around 13 percent did not attend school. that one of the most concerning indicators in Turkey of to support their families’ household income. are robbed of their childhood. Until laws were in place Turkey and are taking steps to determine what the com- Another striking fi gure was that 18 out of every 100 economic inequality and discrimination is just this: the Eighteen out of every 100 people in the labor force and the US Department of Labor began to investigate, munity can do. Recently, Bilkent University held a semi- people in the labor force was a child. These statistics apparently high rate of child labor. I would like to just are children. These children are deprived of an education this problem existed in my home country. Some of my nar on child labor. The presenter, Şule Mann of ILO, dis- show us that, unfortunately, not a lot has changed in share with you some highlights taken from the follow- from the get-go and the opportunities that other chil- British friends have told me about the workhouses there cussed the current situation and raised awareness among this regard in Turkey since the mid-1990s. ing sources: a 2009 report called “Give girls a chance: dren their age are provided. were in England during the Victorian days. the Bilkent community of the issues of child labor. The Turkish government is not doing enough to tackle this problem. No concrete steps are being taken Tackling child labour, a key to the future” by the In- Fifty-six percent of children in the labor force One of the perks of running a bookstore is that you Şule Mann pointed out that child labor in Turkey to eliminate child labor, as stressed by EU Commis- ternational Labour Organization and an article I read come from families who have migrated from rural to get to read all kinds of books. A book I read a couple of and many other countries in transition needs to be sioner for Enlargement and European Neighborhood on the Internet called “Child labour in Turkey exposes urban areas. months ago on this subject comes to mind. It is part of addressed from many different aspects, including in Policy Stefan Füle in February of this year. growing social inequality” (Aug. 18, 2010) at http:// We all know that child labor has been a problem Scholastic’s My Story series, entitled “Victorian Work- terms of demography, education, economics and so- www.wsws.org/articles/2010/aug2010/turk-a18.shtml. everywhere and continues to be so in some countries. house: The Diary of Edith Lorrimer, England, 1871” by cial development. Mann indicates that the population Note: Charlotte McPherson is the author of “Culture Smart: Turkey” 2005. Please keep your questions and observations The following points about Turkey are based on re- In order to help put bread on the table or buy a pair of Pam Oldfi eld. The story is set in 1871 in England. The of Turkey in 1995 was estimated to be 61.6 million. coming: I want to ensure this column is a help to you, Today’s ports by the Turkish Statistics Institute (TurkStat) and ILO. shoes, children work in unhealthy and unsafe condi- book is written as a Victorian girl’s diary, intended to Around 35 percent of this population was within the Zaman’s readers. Email: [email protected]

LEGAL CORNER BERK ÇEKTiR AT BAYHAN Lawyer Bekir Berk: a praıseworthy man If there was a Nobel or Oscar prize for and a good reference, but that he would TODAY’S ZAMAN, KÜR Ş lawyers, the late Bekir Berk would be only listen to the case and was unwill- one of the fi rst people to receive it. Ear- ing to give a legal opinion on the mat- lier this month was the 20th anniver- ter. We went to his offi ce for the meet- PHOTO sary of his passing. I would like to write ing with questions in mind, thinking about this awesome man, this brilliant this was still an issue we could solve. lawyer and man of law, Bekir Berk. He was a very old person and ap- Berk was born in 1926 in Ordu parently did not want to get involved in and moved to İstanbul with his fam- this very complex and time-consuming ily in his early years. He studied law case. He listened to us with patience. at İstanbul University and graduated When we fi nished presenting the case, from law school in 1951. he asked me to stay in the meeting He defended more than a thousand room. While the clients waited outside cases from 1958 to 1972. He traveled all with their fi ngers crossed, this gentle- around Turkey, appearing before courts man said: “Under normal circumstanc- in various cities. Sometimes even judg- es, I would not give you a legal opinion es were surprised to see him, thinking on this matter. This is a complex, time- he could not make it on time; he would consuming and tedious task. When have a court case in İstanbul on Mon- you reach my age, you will understand day, another in Rize on Tuesday, a third this feeling better. However, I will do in Çanakkale on Wednesday and fourth it because I sympathize with you. You in Bitlis, all during a harsh winter with would never guess the reason. I was a limited means for travel. The judge of a young judge in Erzurum for a crimi- Students taking the Bitlis court wanted to check his ID as he nal court. There was a case against the national Level Determination thought it impossible for Berk to have students of Said Nursi. My origins and Examination for high school made it to court on time. political views are based on Marxist ide- Bekir Berk was a dedicated lawyer, ology and were by all means absolutely ASHLEY PERKS LONDON fully committed to his cases. He had no the opposite of those of Said Nursi and fear -- no threat or pressure could make his companions, fellows and students. him even think about stepping back. Turkey’s education system is, apparently, burst- One day, a lawyer showed up and pre- One of his most impressive experiences ing at the seams: Despite the mushroom-like sented a fantastic defense. It was epic. THEIR GRASS IS took place at a court in Ankara. Berk I was shaken, I was so impressed, and growth of private schools and universities; de- had just presented a very good defense spite cram courses designed to force feed the little gos- his name was Bekir Berk. I sympathized in his characteristic, sharp way. The lings with preparation for high school entry -- the Level with him that day. I sympathize with prosecutor, Mr. Esenel, knew Berk had Determination Examination (SBS) -- as well as the new you today, only because you have the no one in which he could trust or whom Undergraduate Placement Examination (LYS) for access same name as he did and you remind ALWAYS GREENER! he could ask for help but his belief. Any- me of him.” Although I did not de- to university; despite being designed so that they might way, the prosecutor was concerned that serve to be reminiscent of Bekir Berk, produce the educational equivalent of foie gras as op- While in Turkey much argument overhaul of their education delivery and testing systems. Berk had secret political power behind I was greatly touched. Even though he posed to the inferior liver pâté, students are increasingly More worrying for Turkish students wanting to him so he could be harsh and strong has passed, I feel Bekir Berk’s shadow looking elsewhere -- at least for higher education. has surrounded the changes to study abroad, price is going to factor out all but the against the court, which had the full and grace are still here with us. I am so Each year, about 1.5 million students sit the LYS in the wealthiest or those able to use schemes like ERASMUS power of the government at that time. proud to have the same name as he did, hope of getting into a university in Turkey. But with only the length of compulsory or other scholarships. Fees in the UK are set to treble: The prosecutor asked a direct, straight- although I am not even close to achiev- 30 percent of candidates actually obtaining a place -- and education and questions are asked 3,000 pounds up to 9,000 pounds for a UK student, forward question: “Bekir Berk, how ing what he was able to. even then not necessarily in the course of their choice -- 9,000 pounds up to 27,000 pounds for foreign students. dare you talk like this to the judges and Bekir Berk stopped at nothing for the number of Turkish students choosing to pursue their about the standards of pupils Tougher visa restrictions and quotas are also in mind to me? You must be counting on some- his belief. When he later had to present higher education ambitions abroad is rising. and teachers, it has to be said under proposals by the current home secretary, Theresa one, on something!” Berk opened his his own defense, he stated it was very According to Basil Davies (Today’s Zaman, June 24: May, ostensibly to reduce the fl ow of immigration. briefcase. The prosecutor expected him diffi cult to understand how he could be “Brain drain remains a concern as overseas education that compared to other OECD British Education Secretary Michael Gove is a man to pull out a fi le, a dossier. Berk took out accused of a crime without the existence gets popular”): “In 2010/11 alone, there were over 22,383 countries, Turkey is moving on a mission: to retrofi t the British education system to a piece of white cloth of the variety in of a law defi ning this crime. He stated Turkish students enrolled in formal education overseas resemble that which had been in place from the 1950s which Muslims are covered and buried. that he had defended hundreds of peo- (this fi gure excludes summer schools and short language forwards rather than backwards to the 1970s. Returning to split level exams -- a return to He threw it on the prosecutor’s desk ple in the past in terms of the freedom programs). … The ministry’s 2010/11 report identifi es the O levels and Certifi cate of Secondary Education (CSE), a and said, “This is what I count on.” of thought and that those people had US, UK, Germany and Azerbaijan as favorite destina- omy -- advanced, developed or developing -- has suc- two-tier testing system, as well as rolling out “Academies” Such a fearless man, he would been found not guilty, with legal experts tions.” I’ll come back to these preferences later. cessfully solved the question of expenditure to standard/ and so-called “Free Schools” that are privately owned and carry around his shroud being seriously and judges all admitting his defense Summer holidays are on the horizon (unless you are result ratio. None. Some, however, are doing better than managed by parent groups, as well as a wish to restore the threatened. The prosecutor was frozen, was correct. He underlined that the working for an English language course, in which case others. Figures of education expenditure/gross domestic almost obsolete grammar schools for brighter over-11s, is unable to speak, and sat down. Berk case against him was not actually a case the sweat is on!). In the UK, students will be having an product (GDP) ratios within the OECD tell some of the setting the UK on a path absolutely contrary to that in oth- folded the white cloth with care, put it against a person but against a religion. anxious time until their A level results come out at the story: Figures for Turkey come in at around 4 percent, back in his briefcase and continued his He was found guilty of violating former beginning of August that will decide the fate of their uni- er countries outside former British colonies like Singapore! where the OECD average is now 5.3 percent of GDP. Universities have long been abandoned to fund defense. Those who may guess what Article 163 of the Constitution, which versity education choices. In Turkey, the lucky 30 percent the atmosphere is like after a military “Turkish government spending on education as a per- themselves, with grants being pared to the bare mini- limited freedom of thought; he had will know their destiny. The rest will try abroad. takeover can imagine the greatness of centage of GDP is signifi cantly behind any of the OECD mum and axed at the slightest provocation (read: excuse). been detained after prayer, arrested for this gesture. My personal experience As for the UK and the US countries and it has been stagnant for a long time. … Educa- No surprise then that the lucrative milk-cow of foreign reading books by Islamic scholar Said with Bekir Berk is very interesting. It Nursi and was imprisoned for a year The whole education establishment in the UK and the tion spending peaked in 1992 when it amounted to the 20% student intake is heading for a serious sucking. happened long after his passing. I was due to political pressure on the court. US is in upheaval right now. While in Turkey much argu- of the government budget. From then onwards, there have So here’s the thing: According to Davies’ article, involved in a very complex case as party I regret not having come to know ment has surrounded the changes to the length of com- been ups and downs but on average 11-12% of the total “There is, however, a more positive way of looking at the counsel. The case was so complex and him earlier; I fi rst met Bekir Berk in pulsory education (12 years now) and questions are asked budget has used for educational investments. This number situation [brain-drain from Turkey]. The strides taken of such importance that we had to seek a very unfortunate way. I came to about the standards of pupils and teachers, it has to be has been on average 14%. In relation to GDP, educational by Turkey’s economy in the past 10 years have begun to the legal opinions of different scholars, know him through the condolences said that compared to other Organization for Economic expenditures increased slightly in 1998 but remained the make it a far more attractive prospect for graduates from including a retired judge and honorary being offered on the day of his funer- Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, Tur- same thereafter. Over this period, the average education overseas. And although some [Turkish] students will not president of the high court. This gentle- al, June 15, 1992, when I was writ- key is moving forwards rather than backwards. The exam spending as fraction of GDP has been 4%...... ” (“Education return home after their overseas studies, the ones that man was a top scholar. Due to his posi- ing university exams for law school. system itself may be open to challenge, and as I have ar- and income inequality in Turkey: Does schooling matter?” choose to are all the more valuable for their time abroad.” tion and advanced age, it was very dif- I wish I had had some time to visit gued in these pages before, pressure to teach/learn to test by Anil Duman, Ph.D., Financial Theory and Practice, Vol- That’s nice for those who will be able to afford it. fi cult to get a hold of him, let alone a him. We still have much to learn from (and the temptation for organized cheating) raise serious ume 32, Issue 3, Institute of Public Finance, 2008) Yes, the grass is always greener on the other side: All the legal opinion. Through good relations, his perseverance and work ethic. questions about archaic rote-learning practices. While the UK and the US may look more impressive more reason why, then, the Turkish education system we managed to get an appointment. Lest you be turning your academic gaze Westward, on the surface, they belie serious underlying problems. needs to fi nd space and support for the 70 percent of The contact who put us in touch with NOTE: Berk Çektir is a licensed attorney at law however, one or two points need to be made. No econ- So much so that both countries are undertaking a major high school graduates currently missing out. this gentleman informed us that he had and available to answer questions on the legal aspects of living in Turkey. Please kindly send granted us the appointment because of inquiries to [email protected]. If a send- the good relations we had established er’s letter is published, names may be disclosed NOTE: Today’s Zaman intends to provide a lively forum for expatriates living in Turkey. We encourage you to contact us at [email protected] and share your experiences, questions and problems in all areas of life for publication in Today’s Zaman. through professional correspondence unless otherwise expressly stated by the sender.

DESIGN: MELEK ÜNVER CULTURE&ARTS MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN13

Soderbergh ready for indefinite break from filmmaking The countdown is on for Steven Soderbergh. AMERICAN BAND GOSSIP’S With “Magic Mike” currently in theaters, the prolific director has just two more films to finish be- fore he’s “going to drop off the grid for a while.” The 49-year-old filmmaker says he’s taking a sab- batical from Hollywood, and it could be permanent. “It’s just time to recharge,” he said. “I’m all or noth- ‘A JOYFUL NOISE’ ECHOES INsic for aTURKEY place to belong, for some kind of ing. It’s on or off, and I need it to be off for a while.” “Move in the Right Direction” was one reflection of how they see themselves or If all goes according to plan, he aims to begin his of the tracks I wrote with Brian. It was a re- who they want to be. That’s why they need indefinite break from the movie business on his 50th İSTANBUL Critics describe ally great process, similar to working with role models who give them permission to birthday in January. Until then, he’ll be working furi- CENK ERDEM Gossip’s music as a Simian Mobile Disco on my solo EP. We re- be fabulous as whoever they are -- what- ously to finish his final two films. ally just clicked in the studio. ever size, whatever gender. Gossip has been “The Bitter Pill,” a drama starring Rooney Mara, The American indie rocker band mixture of post-punk, “Move in the Right Direction” feels honored to be able to be involved with Port- Channing Tatum and Jude Law, is nearly done, the Gossip, with their stylish lead sing- like it is aimed at encouraging people land’s Rock and Roll Camp for Girls, a proj- director said, and he’s about to start shooting “Be- er Beth Ditto, have been constantly indie-rock and dance- to cast heartbreak away and find new ect that actively encourages young girls to hind the Candelabra,” a Liberace biopic for HBO climbing the ladder of international super- punk but ‘A Joyful loves; can we say this song is a beautiful participate in music and find their voices. I starring Michael Douglas as the flamboyant pianist. stardom since their 2006 breakthrough. descendant of the legendary disco hit “I think programs like this are absolutely vital. Both are set for release in 2013. Having sold more than a million albums Noise,’ their fifth studio Will Survive”? Can we say that “Heavy Cross” was Gos- Soderbergh said he’s looking forward to “a new worldwide since the release of their 2009 Well, I would be very honored if you sip’s first major international breakthrough? year with a new start.” He already has ideas in mind CD “Music For Men,” they have come out album, features a sound thought that! I want people to come away And why does that song attract people? for paintings and drawings he’d like to make. Oth- with a more alternative sound on their new- that is much closer to from this record with the feeling that life is We thought “Standing In The Way of er creative interests include photography, collage est album, “A Joyful Noise,” released inter- too short to be hateful, that we can make Control” was the big breakthrough, but and “one more film book.” “I’ll always be making nationally in May by Columbia Records. disco with upbeat songs space for optimism and new love. “Heavy Cross” ended up being a lot cra- things,” he said. “They’ll just be other things.” Although critics describe Gossip’s mu- and lead singer Beth It seems you care about lyrics as zier than that. I personally love the drums Soderbergh, who has been nominated for sic as a mixture of post-punk, indie-rock much as melodies. on “Heavy Cross,” the way they build ten- three Academy Awards and won for directing and dance-punk, “A Joyful Noise,” the fifth Ditto’s soulful vocals Yes, definitely. I think that’s what works sion, and I think people really 2000’s “Traffic,” said the type of material that studio album by the three-member band, so well about punk music. The lyrics are de- respond to the release of the appeals to moviegoers has changed during his features a sound that is much closer to the fiant, hopeful, strong, an- chorus. That song is really fun 27-year career. “American movie audiences legendary disco era with their upbeat songs making of this record, I was listening to a gry -- powerful emotions to play live; I always say it’s now just don’t seem to be very interested in and lead singer Beth Ditto’s soulful vocals. lot of ABBA. And Loretta Lynn. And I think that make people want to better to see us live than listen any kind of ambiguity or any kind of real com- The band, in which Ditto is joined by it really shows. There are songs like “Casu- move, make people want to the records. plexity of character or narrative -- I’m talking Brace Paine on guitar and Hannah Blilie on alties of War” [on the new album] that are to feel something as a Who are your idols when in large numbers, there are always some, but drums, worked with famous British produc- more disco-country. group. it comes to the disco era? enough to make hits out of movies that have er Brian Higgins (who previously collabo- What do you refer to with the title “A You are one of the Well, in case you haven’t those qualities,” he said. “I think those quali- rated with such acts as the Pet Shop Boys, Joyful Noise”? amazing stars of the noticed, ABBA, Donna Sum- ties are now being seen on television and that Kylie Minogue and Sophie Ellis-Bextor) on Music! The album has a lot of sad songs music scene with your mer, Chic, Debbie Harry, people who want to see stories that have those this disco-flavored new set. about heartbreak, but I think it’s ultimately soulful vocals and play- Giorgio Moroder… kinds of qualities are watching television.” As its title indicates, “A Joyful Noise” really a happy record. It’s about getting ful personality. How do He said if he returns to the entertainment -- released this month in Turkey by Sony You performed your first single, people up and dancing together. It turns out you describe your role in the success of industry, “it’s more likely I would end up in Music -- offers a happy sound through its “Perfect World,” live at the Cannes Film there’s also a Whoopi Goldberg/Dolly Parton Gossip? television.” Los Angeles AP combination of powerful melodies and lyr- Festival with Sacha Baron Cohen; any movie by the same name, and I love them! I think we all make our own vital con- ics. In a recent interview with Today’s Za- Your new album has a lovely disco tributions to the band; it wouldn’t exist more famous fans of Gossip? man, lead singer Beth Ditto spoke about the That was so much fun! … I don’t know feel; was it the choice of your producer, without any of the three of us, let alone the new album and Gossip. incredible musicians who play with us live, about any other famous fans -- people Özpetek’s newest film Critics prefer a lengthy description of Brian Higgins? The disco-synth sound was already and our supportive staff and label friends. I come to our shows but I have no idea if Gossip’s sound, but what if we just said wins 2 Silver Ribbons there before we began work with Brian. think because I’m loud and talk a lot that they’re fans. I love the opportunity to play “alternative disco”? gets a lot of press, but we always say, “Gos- for people I admire, but I feel like all our from Italian critics That works, too! I think people include With the exception of two songs, all sip is a band!” fans are equally important. Italian-based Turkish filmmaker Ferzan Öz- punk [in the description] because of our the tracks were written before we went You are also a powerful role model So what’s next for Gossip? petek’s most recent directorial effort, “Magnifi- history as a punk band and our punk influ- into the studio with him. He helped us for young people. Don’t you think that Touring, touring, touring, touring! And ca Presenza” (Magnificent Appearance), won two ences, but some of what we’re doing now make adjustments to tempo and key young people still need some encourage- awards at the prestigious Nastro d’Argento (Silver definitely leans more toward disco. As a that the songs needed to have a finished much love and respect from Gossip to Turkey. ment in music for self-expression? Ribbon) movie awards in Italy over the weekend, band, we don’t set out to make a certain feel; they were like puzzle pieces that Of course! Young people look to mu- Turkish news agencies reported on Saturday. kind of record; we go into the studio and weren’t fitting together right and he The drama, Özpetek’s ninth feature, won the what comes out is often just as much a sur- knew exactly what they needed. awards for best costume design and best subject in prise to us as it is to anyone else. During the the 66th edition of the Silver Ribbons, which are given out annually by the association of Italian film critics, officially the Sindacato Nazionale dei Gior- nalisti Cinematografici Italiani. “Magnifica Presenza,” starring Elio Germano in the title role and Turkish stand-up comedian Singer Beth Cem Yılmaz in the supporting cast, follows a young Ditto (C) is joined wannabe actor from Sicily who moves to Rome to by Brace Paine on guitar and Hannah pursue an acting career but ends up working in a Blilie (L) on drums in bakery at night in order to earn a living. The film the indie rock band premiered in Rome in late March and was released Gossip. in Turkish theaters in April. It was nominated in nine categories at the Nastro d’Argento awards, including best soundtrack and editing. The big winner of the night was Paolo Sorren- tino’s “This Must Be The Place,” which won best film. The best screenplay award went to Marco Tul- lio Giordana’s “Romanzo di una strage” (Story of a Massacre), the Anatolia news agency reported. “Magnifica Presenza” is in the running for four other awards this week, including best direc- tor and best actor at the Globo d’Oro awards -- the Italian equivalent of the Golden Globes -- which are given out annually by the Foreign Press As- sociation in Italy. The awards will be announced on Tuesday in Rome. İstanbul Today’s Zaman with wires

France’s Dujardin, 175 others asked to join film academy The Oscar-winning and nominated stars of “The Artist” and “The Help” have been Review: Kirk Douglas revisits an epic in ‘I Am Spartacus!’ invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In a brisk and entertaining memoir, actor openly employ anyone who was unco- Three years later, one of his aliases A lively narrator, Douglas puts the “I’’ in “I The film academy announced its roster of Kirk Douglas revisits the unusual intersection operative with the congressional hunt won for “The Brave One.” Douglas Am Spartacus!” No more modest today than he potential new members Friday. It includes best of personalities, politics and perfidy that swirled for communist influence in Hollywood. decided his producing partner Edward was a half-century ago, he takes lots of credit for actor winner Jean Dujardin and supporting ac- around the creation of a Hollywood classic. Those who said they had or were sus- Lewis would be Trumbo’s latest front a fine movie made against bigger odds than most tress Octavia Spencer, along with nominees Fans of “Spartacus,” directed by Stanley Ku- pected of communist ties also faced the as he worked on “Spartacus.” films faced. He gives credit, too -- and plenty of Berenice Bejo and Jessica Chastain. Oscar- brick from a screenplay by Dalton Trumbo, will prospect of being denied a job. Some With Trumbo doing a great job, the hell to those who tried to stand in the way of nominated “Bridesmaids” star Melissa McCar- revel in the details of how Howard Fast’s novel blacklisted writers, though, could find sham didn’t sit well with Douglas or what has become his signature film. thy, “Albert Nobbs” supporting actress Janet struggled to reach moviegoers in 1960. The movie work using a pseudonym or a “front,” Lewis. Not unlike Spartacus deciding Douglas is admirable not just because he’s McTeer, “A Better Life” star Demian Bichir and remains a standout among swords-and-sandals a person who falsely claimed to be the whether to risk everything by leading still writing at 95 -- this is his 10th book -- and best director winner Michel Hazanavicius are epics, a rare action film that tells an exciting but author of a script. a slave revolt in ancient Rome, Douglas pushing back against a speech-impairing stroke also among the 176 moviemaking professionals personal story amid historical sweep. As a producer, Douglas played the debated whether to give Trumbo his he sustained in 1996. His voice in the pages of “I asked to become academy members. In the driver’s seat was Douglas, the film’s top game, hiring Trumbo under the table screenwriting credit even if Universal Am Spartacus!” carries the power of a self-made Academy president Tom Sherak called the producer as well as its star. Besides the usual head- to work on a script for a different mov- might pull the plug on the movie. He man who continues to meet life on his own invitees “some of the most talented, most pas- aches of moviemaking, such as hiring a cast and ie. A member of the Hollywood Ten whose impris- also had to deal with censors and ballooning costs terms but with grace and aplomb. sionate contributors to our industry.” Other ac- keeping an eye on the bottom line, he had to deal onment had kicked off the blacklist era, Trumbo was -- the film eventually cost three times more than “I Am Spartacus!: Making a Film, Breaking tors on the list include Matthew McConaughey, with a problem unique to the era: the blacklist. accustomed to writing in secret. His “front” had won expected -- as well as an irascible actor in Charles the Blacklist,” by Kirk Douglas, published by Open Bryan Cranston, Kerry Washington, Jonah Hill For more than a decade, film studios wouldn’t an Academy Award for “Roman Holiday” in 1953. Laughton and a brilliant if cold director in Kubrick. Road Douglass K. Daniel AP and Andy Serkis. Los Angeles AP

DESIGN: MEHMET ULGA 14 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 OPINION İ C

İ MARKAR Turkish Foreign Minister L ESAYAN Ahmet Davutoğlu (R) with KRG President Massoud [email protected] Barzani on June 3, 2010.

AP, BURHAN ÖZB İ On abolıshıng

PHOTO specıally authorızed courts Parliament has recently embarked on the military. As I said above, the law was discussions to rearrange the specially about to be passed, and no one knows authorized courts. As I pen this article, the content of the legal arrangement the Parliament was discussing the matter, government is working on. Is it sane to but we, as the general public, did not pass such important legislation without know anything about this critically im- discussing it thoroughly and convincing portant change. Specially authorized the general public of its necessity? courts are judicial bodies established This is nothing but an attempt to in 2004 under Articles 250-252 of the grant immunity to state officials. In the Code of Criminal Procedure (CMK). past, Turkey suffered great sorrows under The introduction of these courts was a those who committed crimes on behalf turning point for Turkey. As a matter of of the state. Specially authorized courts fact, it was a judicial revolution. are currently dealing with 22,000 cases. Indeed, there was a law passed in Supposing that prime minister, relevant 1913 by the Committee of Union and ministers or administrative heads will act Progress (CUP) --which was effectively a in good faith, is it possible that they can criminal network in the guise of a political correctly examine and understand these party that caused the Ottoman Empire to complicated cases and felicitously em- enter an imperialist war and brought the ploy the permission mechanism? This country to the brink of destruction. Under has the potential of creating doubts about this law, public servants could be tried for the proper usage of this mechanism by the offenses they committed only if their the government. Members of the current superiors endorsed the investigation, and government may be held responsible for their superiors tended to be accomplices this mechanism by future governments. government in Baghdad. The frequent visits by Maliki op- in the offenses in question, or show pro- It is claimed that some prosecutors ponents such as Ayad Allawi, Tariq al-Hashemi, Sayyid fessional solidarity. and judges misuse their powers and au- Muqtadi al-Sadr and Barzani to Ankara were also irritat- The motive behind the CUP’s passing thorities or misconstrue their scope. True, TURKEY’S POLICY ing to the Shiites in Baghdad. Turkey tried to allay the Shi- of this law was to prevent the prosecution the detention periods are lengthy. There ites’ fear through visits from top Turkish officials to Iraq. of the crimes it was planning to commit are some cases in which prosecutors and During his last trip, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip against pro-Ottoman liberals in such in- judges have failed to act meticulously in Erdoğan made sure to spend equal time with all politi- cidents as the Forced Relocation of 1915. issuing detention decisions. They made cal representatives in Iraq by visiting Baghdad, Najaf and Indeed, assassinations and corruption grave errors concerning the arrests of OPTIONS IN IRAQ Arbil. In addition, Turkey tried to evenly distribute its were among their most natural methods journalists Ahmet Şık and Nedim Şener. economic investments in the Shiite- and Sunni-domi- of working. And they passed such a law But the proper way to deal with these er- OTHMAN ALI* bringing economic prosperity to all Iraqis. The major factor nated regions. It appears that these measures were not in order to conceal their crimes and not to rors is not to abolish a correct and neces- that gave birth to the current tension is the non-existence of sufficient enough to allay the fears of the Shiite political be held responsible after the fact. sary law, but to identify these members How many years did this law In his most recent visit to Tehran Ahmet a government ruling with national consent. circles that Turkey is now joining the anti-Shiite axis in of the judiciary and make the Supreme remain in force? About 90 years. In Board of Judges and Prosecutors (HSYK) Davutoğlu, Turkey’s minister of foreign affairs, This was further exacerbated with the exit of US the Middle East. What Turkey failed to do was take steps other words, it was abolished in 1999 rectify the errors. To focus on specific er- stated that Turkey would not allow the start of a troops in December 2011 from Iraq. The US troops pro- before and after the US troop withdrawal from Iraq. One after seeing two states and numerous rors in assessing a correct law --one that new cold war in the Middle East. This was a clear refer- vided a buffer between Iraqi Kurds, Sunni Arabs and may wonder why Turkey did not try, for example, to governments. In 2004, the CMK’s Ar- allows the judiciary to investigate and try ence to the rising Shiite-Sunni rivalry. Shiite blocs. Maliki has been trying systematically to use push more vigorously, in collaboration with the US, for ticle 250 was introduced. everyone who commits a crime, be it a But the spillover from the Arab Spring and the US exit the vacuum created by the US troop withdrawal to con- effective implementation of the Arbil Agreement, which This article heralded the transition member of the military or the bureaucracy from Iraq have forced Turkey to make unhappy adjustments solidate both his personal power and the Islamic Dawa formed the basis of the Maliki government. Or one from the law of rulers to the rule of -- means unfairness to all prosecutors and to its foreign policy by cutting old alliances and forming new Party’s authoritarian rule. Furthermore, “This is about an might ask: How did Turkey not foresee Maliki’s attempt law. Thanks to this legal arrangement, judges, doesn’t it? In which democratic ones. These have made its foreign policy of having “zero prob- escalating power struggle in Baghdad combined with the to establish his sectarian authoritarian rule? law enforcement authorities started to country across the globe is there a sphere lems” with neighbors a thing of the past, and thrust the coun- regional conflict between Iran, Turkey and the Gulf Arab effectively combat criminal networks protected from rule of law? try into a new regional strategic game pitting Sunni regional states being played out in Syria and Iraq,” Hasan Turunç, US support for Turkish policy in Iraq nested within the state, irrespective Moreover, the European Court of governments, and to some extent the masses, against Iran and a fellow at Oxford University, was quoted as saying. It is safe to assume that Americans believe that they have of the identities of their members. Of Human Rights (ECtHR) found Turkey its newly gained allies in Iraq. These circumstances, though During the last few months Iraq has witnessed incidents created a successful model state in Iraq. Antony Blinken, US course, it should be noted that the rul- in violation of the Convention because not a creation of Turkey, have limited Turkey’s options in Iraq. of sectarian war which were similar to what happened a few Vice President Joe Biden’s national security adviser, for ex- ing Justice and Development Party (AK of many antidemocratic legal provi- It is my contention that those few options are confined years back. Any further escalation of sectarian war will en- ample, stated in March of this year: “Iraq today is less violent, Party) has lent support to this process. sions, particularly the Counterterror- to supporting the formation of a Kurdish-Sunni Arab axis, danger Turkey’s national security gravely, considering the more democratic and more prosperous … than at any time Previously, prosecutors were unable ism Law (TMK), in a record number of assisting Sunni Arabs in their goal of having one or two instability and disintegration of Iraq, possible acts of ethnic in recent history.” It appears Blinken is referring here to the to conduct investigations about members cases, while it could find no illegality in autonomous regions in a less centralized federal Iraq, cleansing against Turkmens and the immense economic three national elections held in 2005, 2006 and 2010. Maliki of the military. They were even unable to the practices of the specially authorized building bridges with the Shiite National Iraqi Alliance losses. It is noteworthy that Turkey’s trade with Iraq last year secured a second term in 2010, after March elections that pro- step into military zones. With the referen- courts in the applications filed by Tuncay and replacing the current prime minister, Nouri al-Maliki. was second only to its trade with the EU, and it is expected to duced inconclusive results. Extended multi-party negotiations, dum of Sept. 12, 2010, this legal arrange- Özkan, a defendant at the case against Should Turkey and Maliki’s opponents fail in their ongo- exceed $30 billion by the end of the decade. Turkey is in the combined with a modus vivendi which the US and Iran had ment acquired a constitutional basis. Ergenekon -- a clandestine organiza- ing efforts to unseat him, the alternative for Turkey will be process of building three more strategic crossings into Iraq. reached on Iraq, produced the Arbil Agreement of November Thanks to this arrangement, pros- tion nested within the state accused of to use its soft power in Iraq to make him less authoritar- This will make Iraq Turkey’s gate to the promising market 2010, a complex power-sharing deal which divided cabinet ecutors were able to conduct searches trying to overthrow or manipulate the ian and to pursue a less aggressive policy towards Iraqi of the Arab world. Finally, Turkey is currently negotiating posts between the numerous parties that did well in the elec- and investigations in cosmic rooms of democratically elected government -- Sunnis. The clear and unfailing support of the US and the a promising energy deal with the KRG and these deals will tions and placed constraints on Maliki’s power. the military. They could launch probes and by Çetin Doğan, a defendant at the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) are essential to have a profound impact on its energy needs. A close examination of those election results will give into coups and other offenses commit- case against the Balyoz (Sledgehammer) the success of Turkey’s policy options in Iraq. Furthermore, an upsurge in ethnic and sectarian war a very dim picture. Iraqis voted along sectarian and eth- ted by members of the military. These coup plan. The European Court *is this would adversely affect Turkey’s strategic alliance with the nic lines. On top of this, the Obama administration has probes, as well as the judiciary’s ca- ‘of Human Rights’ or ‘of Justice’? Thank The factors beyond the current crisis KRG and its president, Massoud Barzani, to combat violence come to the conclusion that it has to disengage from Iraq pability to penetrate into the military you* held that evidence is sufficient and sphere, have played a significant role in litigation is fair and arrest decisions are There is unanimity among the observers of the Iraqi politi- perpetrated by the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). at all costs. For these reasons, it pretended to not see that thwarting the military tutelage. felicitous. In other words, neither the cal scene that it is not the change in Turkey’s foreign policy This in no way means Turkey has no role in the cur- Maliki was reneging on his obligations under the Arbil Now it is reported that the govern- ECtHR nor the European Union argues which created the crisis between the Justice and Develop- rent tension with the Maliki government. The AKP gov- Agreement. Political observers point to the fact that it was ment is on the move to abolish these that these courts should be abolished. ment Party (AKP) government and the Iraqi regime. Tur- ernment decided from the very start to side with Ayad after his return from a short trip to the US that Maliki courts completely and to introduce the In sum, the abolition of specially key’s policy in Iraq was to remain above sectarianism and Allawi’s Sunni-dominated Iraqi National Movement, inaugurated his policy of repression and exclusion of his prerequisite of obtaining authorization authorized courts does not overlap stand at an equal distance from all Iraqi political groups. In more commonly known as the al-Iraqiya List. This policy opponents, especially Sunni politicians from his govern- from the prime minister, a relevant minis- with any need or demand. Any effort the past Turkish politicians were always emphasizing that was perceived by Iraqi Shiites as Turkey joining the Arab ment. Maliki has been taking a hard-line and confronta- ter or administrative head before launch- to rectify the errors is understandable, their policy in Iraq was encouraging national unity and League’s hostile policies towards the Shiite-dominated CONTINUED ON PAGE 17 tional approach with the Kurds, too. ing any investigation into or trial regard- but stripping these courts of their ing public servants, including members of powers and authority is not.

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DESIGN: KADİR ÖZMEN COLUMNS MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 15

The Turkısh model ın the matrıx of polıtıcal Catholıcısm A book I am reading with great interest is a volume co-edited War II as one of the most successful models for modernization. Catholic political movement set out with the aim to challenge by Alfred Stepan, a distinguished American political scientist ŞAHİN This fi rst “Turkish model” has gradually faded away, and a new the liberal and secular character of European political modernity from Columbia University, and Ahmet T. Kuru, a Turkish po- one has replaced it. The new “Turkish model” rests on interaction but gradually transformed itself to contribute to the consolida- litical scientist who teaches at San Diego State University in ALPAY between religiously rooted politics and a process of liberalization tion of liberal democracy and to entirely forget its anti-liberal California. The book is titled “Democracy, Islam and Secular- [email protected] and democratization. Although there are many elements that are origins. This transformation, which is refl ected also in the evolu- ism in Turkey” (Columbia University Press, 2012). specifi c to Turkey, it still shares several elements with another now tion of social democracy, tells the story of the capacity of demo- Stepan, author of “Problems of Democratic Transition and largely forgotten case of Catholic mobilization that took place in cratic institutions to absorb their enemies while expanding. Consolidation” and “Crafting State Nations: India and Other Stathis N. Kalyvas, all of which are valuable analyses that deal 19th century Europe, the precursor to Christian democracy. Kalyvas argues that the basic message of the new Turkish Multinational Democracies,” among other books, is the winner with different aspects of politics in Turkey today. According to Kalyvas, it is clear that the Justice and Develop- model is this: Liberalization and democratization are more likely of this year’s Karl Deutsch prize in comparative politics. Un- The contribution to which I would like to bring attention ment Party (AKP) in Turkey has challenged the hard-line secu- in places where states provide rewards for moderation while fortunately, none of his studies, highly relevant to students of here is the article by Kalyvas, a Yale professor of political science larism of Kemalism, while it has been at the forefront of an effort sanctioning anti-system behavior. In Turkey, the state has, by political science in Turkey, have been translated into Turkish. who is perhaps best known for his study “The Rise of Christian to put forward an understanding of Islamic identity that recon- preventing radicalism and rewarding participation, paved the I suspect Turkish readers are familiar with Kuru’s book “Secu- Democracy in Europe” (Cornell, 1996). What makes his article, ciles with social and political modernization. Despite its Islamist way for the mutual adaptation of moderate Islamism and demo- larism and State Policies Toward Religion: The United States, titled “The ‘Turkish Model’ in the Matrix of Political Catholi- coloration, the AKP has not implemented radical, anti-system cratic transformation. This message shows the way for Arab France and Turkey” (Cambridge University Press, 2009), which cism,” particularly interesting is its analysis of the similarities policies that would undermine the secular nature of the Turk- Spring countries to eventually establish new democracies. is available translated into Turkish. between the evolution of Catholicism-based political mobiliza- ish state or its democratic institutions. It has, on the contrary, I agree with most of Kalyvas’ analysis. But if he is arguing “Democracy, Islam and Secularism in Turkey” includes – tion in Europe and the Islam-based one in Turkey. helped strengthen these institutions through reforms adopted in that the military-bureaucratic tutelage of the regime in Turkey along with an article co-authored by Stepan and Kuru that deals Kalyvas’ argument can be summarized around the following the course of the process of accession to the European Union. has helped democracy take root in Turkey, I would say he needs with a comparison of the implementations of “laïcité” in Tur- points. The Kemalist model in Turkey, which stands for the estab- Kalyvas points to the parallelism in the evolutions of Chris- to take a closer look at the Turkish experience. Military-bureau- key, France and Senegal -- contributions by Karen Barkey, Şükrü lishment of a secular nation-state in Turkey, was hailed in the early tian democracy in Europe and Muslim democracy in Turkey cratic tutelage has hindered rather than facilitated the consoli- Hanioğlu, Ergun Özbudun, Ümit Cizre, Joost Lagendijk and 1920s and particularly in the decades following the end of World (dubbed conservative democracy by the AKP) as follows. The dation of democracy in Turkey, which is still pending.

EMRE ÖZDEMÝR YAVUZ [email protected] İHSAN BAYDAR DAĞI

[email protected] [email protected] Puzzlıng Turkey Egypt and Turkey, “When the Bush administration sought permission to transit its Iraq invasion troops through Turkish territory in early 2003, Re- mılıtary and cep Tayyip Erdoğan, Ankara’s soon-to-be installed prime minis- ter and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) bluntly refused. democracy Their bold defi ance of America’s will won plaudits around the The democratic experiment in Egypt continues without a clear des- Arab world, not least from Syria.” tination in sight. Contrasts and contradictions in the process make This start to an article by Simon Tisdall in the Guardian, titled it diffi cult to be optimistic about the end result. On the one hand a “Turkey learns who its real friends are -- so much for ‘strategic re- democratic election was held for the presidency, but on the other alignment’” (June 27, 2012) shows how wrong you can be of your the power of the elected president has severely been curbed by the analysis if you get your facts completely wrong (many other frag- Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF). Parliament was ments in the rest of the article are also exemplary of shallowness, formed last year by a popular election and began functioning but based on misreadings of Turkey’s complex political reality). the Constitutional Court recently dissolved it. Egyptians now have a Some time ago I was at a meeting in which the baffl ing aspects of democratically elected president who has neither a parliament nor a Turkey’s history, sociology and politics were presented and discussed. democratic constitution, but instead only the SCAF overseeing him. The deeper it was dealt with, the more surprised our foreign guests All of this makes the Egyptian military the new “king maker” (journalists, political experts and academics from Europe) became. of the country. It has carved an autonomous political and economic On the way out after the conclusion, I overheard a conversa- space by positioning itself over all state institutions. In fact the Egyp- tion between two foreigners. “What do you think, confusing, isn’t tian military is now what the late Samuel Huntington called “rul- it?” the lady said. The man responded, “Well, I am still confused, ing but not governing military.” This was in fact the position of the Turkish military after the 1961 constitution that made the rules of the but on a higher level!” game, determined the limits of the governing civilians and estab- A new article by Steven Cook and Michael Koplow of Foreign lished itself as the supervising institution all over state institutions. Affairs magazine is therefore very timely and spot-on to raise such In this the responsibility belonged to the civilians who were elected confusion to new heights. Written by two real insiders, it manages by the people but the real power remained within the hands of the also to take a sharp snapshot of Turkey 2012, fi lled with lessons to all military. The elected civilians were supposed to build dams, roads, those who look at the fresh realities with yesterday’s spectacles. hospitals, but not interfere in the basic determinants of the system Titled “The Turkish Paradox,” the authors try to help us all to including the constitution of the state and the identity of the nation. understand whether or not Turkey under the ruling AKP “would This is to say that in the Turkish tutelage democracy the poli- embrace or abuse democracy.” ticians sat in the driver’s seat, but the wheel was commanded by They conclude that “what is becoming clear is that Erdoğan’s the military. Yet the presence of a semi-democratic system pro- strategy is to do both, simultaneously.” vided the military tutelage with popular legitimacy. The criteria the authors employ is hidden in Robert Dahl’s (a I am afraid Egypt is drifting towards this old “Turkish mod- Yale political scientist) defi nition of democracy: that it is defi ned by el” military rule hidden behind the legitimacy of an electoral the extent to which citizens can participate in civic life and whether democracy which is incapable of evolving into a fully function- they can contest the government’s power. ing liberal democracy. Thus democratic elements recently in- Cook and Koplow then line up examples: During the decade serted into the system may remain a mere façade for a military of its rule, the AKP has introduced a series of reforms that allowed dominated tutelary regime in Egypt. more Turkish citizens to participate in the political process. Tur- What I see in Egypt is incredibly familiar to what we have ex- key’s minorities have also benefi ted from AKP reforms. Kurds can perienced in Turkey for around fi fty years. I think the elements of now teach their language in private schools and universities and the old regime in Egypt is imitating the “Turkish model” the old address crowds in Kurdish at campaign rallies. There is also a state- version in which democratic actors and institutions existed along run Kurdish-language television station. with the tutelary ones. But the trick of this system is that tutelary Other minorities, from Armenians to members of the Greek institutions not the representative bodies have the ultimate say. Elections are held, governments are formed according to the Orthodox Church, competed in last year’s parliamentary elections popular elections and parliaments function. But the political actors for the fi rst time in decades, and Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu No good optıons wıth Syrıa and Iran and institutions are granted to function within a limited area. This was called for more Turkish Jews to serve as diplomats. cards, as all diplomatic, non-military options have not yet been the model for years in Turkey. In such model popular participation “These steps have allowed more Turks to participate in civic life exhausted. For most democracies and rational actors in interna- in terms of elections will only serve to legitimization of the tutelage. than at any time in the modern republic’s history,” the authors argue. ÖMER tional relations, war is the last resort when all other avenues have Egyptian politicians, particularly the Muslim Brotherhood that “The recent parliamentary elections featured the most candidates TAŞPINAR failed. Clearly, the outlook for a diplomatic breakthrough in Syria is eager to cooperate with the military in order to protect the new ever. AKP legislation has overturned laws that prevented Turkish [email protected] is bleak. Damascus is engaged in regime survival, and the in- democratic elements in the system may end up being a simple an citizens from belonging to more than one labor union or collectively creasing death toll in the last couple of weeks is now reaching the organization that legitimizes military tutelage. The longevity of the bargaining, fi ling requests for information from the government and kind of levels that may be observed in a civil war. Yet, as we have military tutelage was guaranteed by this way in Turkey since 1961. traveling abroad without restriction. As a result, since the AKP came With tensions between Turkey and Syria reaching new levels last witnessed over this weekend in Geneva, the international com- The Egyptians should decide. Not to cooperate with the military to power, Turkey’s Freedom House scores for political rights and civil week, it is becoming impossible to avoid the thorny issue of dete- munity has not given up hope for a political transition in Syria. and leave it on its own without providing it with popular legitimacy liberties have gone up, putting Turkey close to becoming a ‘free’ na- riorating Turkish-Iranian relations, as collateral damage. Special UN and Arab League envoy Kofi Annan is once again may indeed mean a shorter and safer way to attain democracy. tion, the highest ranking that Freedom House assigns.” Although much attention is being paid to Russian support for at the heart of these efforts to fi nd a diplomatic solution that would Otherwise the military establishes itself as indispensible in the But, there is also the dark side: “But their power to contest the the Syrian regime, the real force behind Damascus is Tehran. Tur- avoid Western or regional military intervention. His strategy is to system. Under a military tutelage it is the politicians who are ac- government has come under attack. Over the last fi ve years, Erdoğan key’s relations with Iran have gone from bad to worse in the last reach a consensus between Washington and Moscow to formulate countable and responsible to the people. Once they fail in providing and the AKP have proved relentless in their targeting of anyone per- year due to three factors. First came the shock when Ankara decided a roadmap to peace in Syria. As a result, in a typical diplomatic com- services or get stuck into a political crisis the whole blame go to the ceived to contest their power or be a threat to their dominance.” to host radars for the NATO missile defense system. Second, Iraq promise, where every word of the fi nal statement matters, the world politicians. They will be regarded corrupt, self-interest seeking, in- Intimidating the media and public dissent in general is one as- emerged as a growing problem in relations with Iran, mainly be- powers that attended the Geneva meeting have agreed on a plan for capable of governing the country. Thus they will lose the trust of the pect. Another one, “a dangerous trend,” is what they see as the cause of Turkey’s support for the Sunni camp and secularist Shiite a unity transitional government in Syria. Although Moscow doesn’t people while the military that places all the rules of the game and “suppression of the armed forces” (in a sense that the downfall groups in the country. Third, Syria is now exacerbating the situation. rule out Bashar al-Assad leading such a transitional government, makes the system impossible to function properly would emerge an immaculately clean, self-sacrifi cing and capable. As a result the of the offi cer corps would lead to wider campaigns of harassment Turkey is frustrated by Iranian support for Damascus and is the US argues that anyone with “blood on their hands” would not military will emerge as the occasional savior of the system. and punishment of the opposition in general). Also, its attempts concerned about Iran’s domineering infl uence in Iraq and Lebanon. be chosen for the transitional administration. US Secretary of State The advantage of Egypt is that there is no such thing like to subject the political parties through legal cases of corruption Yet there is not much Ankara can do to hurt Tehran, because Iran Hillary Rodham Clinton went so far as to say that the Geneva plan Kemalism that would provide the tutelage system with an ideo- and take-over of key institutions such as the Academy of Sciences holds two important cards against Turkey: the Kurdistan Workers’ implicitly signals Assad’s departure because it calls for “mutual con- logical justifi cation. Protecting the “Kemalist regime” was ef- cause concern. In general, AKP rule has tried to limit the ability of Party (PKK) and Turkey’s energy dependence. As far as Damascus sent” of anyone serving in the transitional government. fectively used in Turkey to curb the power and mandate of the ordinary Turks to “question its power.” is concerned, the Turkish government is still determined to avoid a It seems like the text is one of these compromise docu- popularly elected governments. “Turkey has thus become more open in some ways and more full-blown war with Syria, yet relations between Ankara and Da- ments where anyone can fi nd something to their satisfaction. Yet we know that authoritarian regimes do not have any closed in others, allowing for greater participation and less contes- mascus have clearly reached a new level of potential confrontation What is sure, however, is that the Geneva meeting is abso- shortage of excuses. Securitization of politics is shortcut to hijack tation,” the authors conclude. after the events of the last couple of weeks. The two countries are lutely irrelevant in relation to dynamics on the ground. No the power of the elected by the military. In the Egyptian case The next benchmark will be the new constitution. “Should the now fl exing their muscle with military mobilization at the border. diplomatic statement will force Assad out of power or stop there are avenues of securitization. Relations with Israel have AKP successfully push for a strong executive without concurrent Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan has made it clear that from Syria from disintegrating into civil war. To understand this, always been fertile ground Middle Eastern regimes to suppress checks and balances, Turkey will sink more deeply into its paradox.” now on Turkey considers Syria a hostile state and that the Turkish one has only to look at the language of the communiqué, politics, prioritize security and postpone democracy. It ends with a remark for all those who might be ready to jump into military’s rules of engagement have been changed in order to meet which hopelessly reaffi rms a demand that Annan’s six-point Egyptian people would be happy to see the military setting lim- clichés and shallow conclusion: “Turkey will not likely revert to full- any future Syrian provocations with effective retaliation. NATO has peace plan be implemented as soon as possible. Everyone its to a Brotherhood dominated parliament and the Brotherhood’s blown authoritarianism. But an autocratic slide will undermine its in- thrown its support behind Turkey with a diplomatic statement ex- knows that the Annan plan in Syria has absolutely no chance elected president. The SCAF will even be encouraged to act as “de- ternational standing, built largely on its democratization. Should Tur- pressing strong condemnation of Syria and solidarity with Ankara. of being implemented. It has been ignored by everyone. terrent” to the political and social extremities of the Brotherhood. key’s liberalization falter, the country may quickly lose that infl uence Despite such escalation of tensions and growing signs of What such diplomatic efforts manage to achieve is a superfi - I am sorry to say but I see the Egyptian revolution is being -- suggesting that there are consequences to having it both ways.” potential confrontation, a Turkish-Syrian war is still not in the cial sense of hope that military intervention may be avoided. hijacked by the military and the opportunists.

DESIGN: SELAHATTİN ÖZDOĞAN 16 TODAY’S ZAMAN MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 LEISURE

Gregorian Calendar: 02 July 2012 C.E. Hijri Calendar: 12 Shaban 1433 A.H. Hebrew Calendar: 12 Tamuz 5772 tv guıde [email protected] E2 08:00 The Ellen DeGeneres Today is the 18th anniversary of the Madımak inci- Known locally simply as Il Palio, this is the most famous on this day in 1778. His political ideas influenced the Show movıe guıde 09:00 The Martha Stewart Show dent. On this day in 1993, 37 people were killed in an horse race in Italy, held twice each year, on July 2 and French Revolution, the development of socialist theory 10:00 Gizli Çember arson attack on the Madımak Hotel in the Central Anato- Aug. 16, in Siena. A magnificent pageant precedes the and the growth of nationalism. With his “Confessions” 11:00 The Ellen DeGeneres lian city of Sivas. The arson was apparently provoked by race, which attracts visitors and spectators from around and other writings, he practically invented the mod- Show 12:00 The Martha Stewart Show either a deep state group or by unknown circles. Several the world. July 2 is fixed as the date of the race since this is ern autobiography and encouraged a new focus on the 13:00 Merlin Alevi intellectuals were killed in the fire, from which Aziz the day of the Feast of the Visitation and the date of a local building of subjectivity that would bear fruit in the work 14:00 The Ellen DeGeneres Nesin, a prominent author in Turkey, was saved. festival in honor of the Madonna di Provenzano, a paint- of thinkers as diverse as Hegel and Freud. Show 15:00 The Martha Stewart Show Today is the birthday of German poet and novel- ing once owned by Sienese leader Provenzano Salvani Ernest Miller Hemingway (b. 1899) died on this 16:00 Gizli Çember ist Herman Hesse (1877-1962). In 1946 he received the that was supposed to have miraculous curative powers. day in 1961. This American novelist, short story au- 17:00 The Ellen DeGeneres Show Nobel Prize in Literature. His best known works in- On this day in 1566 French astrologist and oracle Nos- thor and journalist, nicknamed “Papa,” achieved a rare 18:00 The Martha Stewart Show clude “Steppenwolf,” “Siddhartha” and “The Glass Bead tradamus died. Michel de Nostredame (b. 1503) was a re- cult-like popularity during his lifetime. Hemingway 19:00 Merlin Game” (also known as “Magister Ludi”), which explore puted seer who published collections of prophecies that received the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 for “The Old Man 20:00 The Ellen DeGeneres “Lo Contrario Al Amor” Show the individual’s search for spirituality outside society. have since become famous worldwide. He is best known and the Sea” and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. 21:00 The Tonight Show with ICE AGE 4: CONTINENTAL DRIFT Today is the anniversary of the first Zeppelin flight. for his book “Les Propheties,” the first edition of which Hemingway’s distinctive writing style is characterized Jay Leno 22:00 Conan İSTANBUL: Beyoğlu Cinemajestic 11:30 13:30 On this day in 1900 German Count Ferdinand von Zep- appeared in 1555. His fame was boosted once again in the by economy and understatement and had a significant 23:00 Mad Men 15:30 17:30 19:30 Kadıköy Cinemaximum Nautilus pelin managed to successfully fly his first air vehicle, 20th century as his fans started to realize his prophecies influence on the development of 20th century fiction. 00:00 Breaking Bad 11:00 11:30 13:00 13:30 15:15 15:45 17:30 Etiler which later came to be known by his name. applied to contemporary events as well. Hemingway, who suffered from several illnesses, in- 01:00 The Tonight Show with AFM Akmerkez 11:00 12:00 13:20 14:20 15:40 16:40 Today is the Palio di Provenzano in Siena, Italy. Another French figure, Jean Jacques Rousseau, died cluding paranoia, killed himself. Jay Leno 18:50 Cinemaximum İstinye Park 10:45 11:45 02:00 Mad Men 13:00 14:00 15:15 16:30 17:30 Suadiye Movieplex 03:00 Conan 11:00 13:00 15:15 17:30 19:45 22:00 Caddebostan 04:00 Breaking Bad Cinemaximum Budak 11:00 11:30 13:20 13:50 05:00 The Tonight Show with 15:40 16:10 18:30 21:00 ANKARA: Cinemaximum Jay Leno Ankamall 11:05 13:10 15:20 17:30 19:40 21:50 06:00 The Martha Stewart Show Bahçelievler Büyülü Fener 11:20 12:25 13:30 14:35 15:40 16:45 17:50 18:55 20:00 21:05 Cinemaximum MOVIEMAX PREMIER Panora 11:00 11:30 13:00 13:30 15:00 15:30 17:40 06:15 Good Night For Justice 08:05 Gulliver's Travels 19:50 22:00 İZMİR: Agora Balçova 11:00 11:30 13:00 09:45 The Romantics 13:30 15:00 15:30 17:15 17:30 19:15 19:30 21:15 21:30 Maroon 5, Adam Levıne get 11:35 My Father's Will Cinemaximum Forum Bornova 10:45 12:45 15:00 13:20 Little White Lie 17:15 19:30 21:45 ANTALYA Mars Sınema Laura 14:50 Held Up 10:45 11:30 12:45 13:30 15:00 15:45 17:15 19:30 21:45 16:40 La Mission Plaza 11:15 18:50 Burlesque ‘Overexposed’ on new album 21:00 A Memory Of Lies CHERNOBYL DIARIES 22:50 Is Anybody There? İSTANBUL: Ataköy Galleria Prestige 11:45 13:45 Maroon 5 frontman Adam Levine dies ... and bratty put-downs of some Every- “Moves Like Jagger,” featuring Christina 00:30 The Virginity Hit 15:45 17:45 19:45 21:45 Beyoğlu Cinemaximum may have charmed TV viewers as a girl who always disappoints.” He said the Aguilera, which has sold 5.2 million cop- 02:00 Return To House On Fitaş 11:00 13:00 15:15 17:30 19:30 21:30 Levent Haunted Hill Cinemaximum Kanyon 11:00 13:15 15:30 17:45 judge on NBC’s hit singing competi- “strongest wordcraft” was in the album title. ies in the US since June 2011 according to 03:25 Woke Up Dead 20:00 22:15 Kozyatağı Cinebonus Palladium tion “The Voice,” but music critics have given Levine, who co-wrote each track on Nielsen SoundScan. The song’s success 04:10 Little White Lie 11:15 13:15 15:15 17:15 19:15 21:15 Ümraniye mixed reviews to the band’s latest album the album, stuck to the themes that Ma- was fueled by Levine and Aguilera’s roles 05:40 Held Up Cinemaximum Meydan 11:45 13:45 15:45 17:45 “Overexposed,” released last Tuesday. roon 5 is best known for -- love and heart- as judges on “The Voice,” which has seen 19:45 21:45 Caddebostan Cinemaximum Budak MOVIEMAX STARS 11:20 13:20 15:20 17:20 19:20 21:20 ANKARA: The album is the fourth studio ef- ache, with playful innuendos. The singer their popularity soar in the last year. 09:15 Alfie 11:00 New York Stories Cinemaximum Ankamall 11:15 13:20 15:30 17:40 fort from the Los Angeles quintet led by also conjures up the troublesome femme But Maroon 5 also makes sure on 13:05 Phoenix 19:50 22:00 Bilkent Mars 11:10 13:20 15:30 17:40 Levine, who shot to fame in 2002 with sin- fatale throughout the album the new album to feature its 15:00 Save The Last Dance 19:50 22:00 İZMİR: Agora Balçova 11:15 13:15 15:15 17:00 Pretty In Pink 17:15 19:15 21:15 11:30 gles “This Love,” and “She Will Be Loved,” in tracks such as “Lucky acoustic roots from 10 years Cinemaximum Konak Pier 18:50 Blink 13:30 15:30 17:30 19:30 21:30 from its debut album “Songs About Jane.” Strike” and “Tickets,” where ago, showcasing Levine’s REUTERS, BRENDAN MCDERMID 20:50 River King LO CONTRARIO AL AMOR “Overexposed” sees the band mov- Levine sings of his female voice against a guitar-driven 22:45 Hollywood Homicide ing away from the alternative rock that subject being “perfect on the melody on “Beautiful Good- 00:45 Someone Like You İSTANBUL: Ataköy Galleria Prestige 11:15 13:15 02:25 Save The Last Dance 15:15 17:15 19:15 21:15 Cinemaximum Cevahir influenced their previous records, and outside, but nothing at the bye,” and in the anthemic PHOTO 04:20 Pretty In Pink 11:15 13:45 16:15 18:45 21:15 Cinemaximum embracing pop music whole-heartedly. core.” In “Ladykiller,” Levine “Daylight.” Levine gives 06:00 To Sir With Love Marmara Forum 11:00 13:00 15:15 17:30 19:45 22:00 The set has already spawned a hit with pays a subtle homage to the his rawest performance in Bakirköy Cinemaximum Capacity 11:00 13:00 MOVIEMAX FESTIVAL 15:15 17:30 19:45 22:00 Cinemaximum İstinyepark the angst-driven lead single “Payphone” late Michael Jackson with his “Sad,” a piano ballad of 06:40 Cairo Exit 11:15 13:45 16:15 18:45 21:15 Beyoğlu Cinemajestic featuring rapper Wiz Khalifa, and the falsetto in the chorus singing “she’s in it heartbreak and personal anguish. 08:20 I Am Slave 09:50 Sidewalls (Medianeras) 11:30 13:30 15:30 17:30 19:30 21:30 Cinemaximum band is following up with reggae-infused just to win it, don’t trust her for a minute.” Rob Sheffield at Rolling Stone called Cevahir 11:15 13:45 16:15 18:45 21:15 Altunizade 11:30 Twilight Portrait (Portret V Capitol Spectrum 11:00 13:10 15:20 17:30 19:45 second single “One More Night.” The band revive ‘80s disco sounds in “Overexposed” the band’s “best yet,” giving sumerkakh) 13:20 Inside Job 22:15 Ümraniye Cinemaximum Meydan 11:15 But reviews for “Overexposed” are tracks such as “Tickets” and “Doin Dirt,” it three-and-a-half stars out of five. Caroline 15:15 Who Killed Bambi? (Qui a 13:45 16:15 18:45 21:15 ANKARA: Cinemaximum mixed, with the album earning a score and club-friendly beats in “Lucky Strike” Sullivan at British newspaper The Guard- tué Bambi?) Ankamall 11:30 13:50 16:15 18:50 21:15 Kentpark of 51 out of 100 on review aggregator and “Love Somebody” -- the two tracks on ian said the album’s “hooklines and char- 17:30 Our Life (La Nostra Vita) Prestige 11:15 13:15 15:15 17:15 19:15 21:15 Kızılay 19:15 Amigo Metropol Avşar 11:15 13:15 15:15 17:15 19:15 21:15 site Metacritic.com. which One Republic’s hit-maker Ryan Ted- acteristic high-shine production are there,” 21:30 Summer Of '62 FAUST Entertainment Weekly’s Adam Mar- der makes his mark on lyrics and production. but didn’t replicate the “blue-sky charm” (Cartouches Gauloises) kovitz criticized the album’s lyrics, saying The move towards pop comes after the of “Moves Like Jagger,” giving the record The American band Maroon 5, led by frontman Adam Levine, 23:10 Breathing (Atmen) İSTANBUL: Beyoğlu Beyoğlu 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:45 A Mysterious World (Un “verses alternate between horndog rhapso- band scored its biggest hit with the single three out of five stars. Los Angeles Reuters released their newest album, “Overexposed,” last Tuesday. Mundo Misterioso) 02:35 Special Treatment (Sans Queue Ni Tête) 04:10 Who Killed Bambi? 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DESIGN: ADNAN SARIKABAK CONTINUATION MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 TODAY’S ZAMAN 17

Fenerbahçe signs Greek Cyprus takes over six-month term presidency of EU Topal from Valencia The Greek Cypriot administration took over the and defense fields until the end of the year. The The minister warned last Friday that Turkey’s EU that has told Turkey it should respect the EU pres- Fenerbahçe, sure to play in the UEFA Cham- Turkish dispute over the Greek Cypriot presidency idency as the main institution of the 27-nation bloc. reins of the EU from Denmark on July 1, a presi- aspirations to put in place a visa-free travel regime pions League next season after missing out in dency that EU candidate Turkey does not recognize. stems from the decades-long Cyprus issue between with the EU would face obstacles because of Ankara’s “No matter how right Turkey’s reason is, and 2011-12, officially signed Valencia’s Turkey midfielder Turkey has said it will suspend dialogue with the the two countries. UN-backed talks between Turk- refusal to normalize its relations with her country. whether you like it or not, Greek Cyprus is a member Mehmet Topal on Sunday in a four-year deal. EU presidency during the Greek Cypriot term for ish and Greek Cypriot leaders aimed at reuniting “Turkey is creating more problems for itself by not of the EU, and Turkey is the only country who does According to the deal, Fenerbahçe will pay the the next six months. Greek Cypriot leader Dimitris the island have so far failed to yield progress on recognizing [Greek] Cyprus. This is something Tur- not recognize Greek Cyprus. While pursuing foreign Spanish La Liga side 4.5 million euros for the player’s Christofias will submit a program of the country’s pri- any of the substantial issues under dispute, such as key should deal with urgently. Turkey will create more policies, Turkey should consider these facts, and not buyout clause. Twenty-six-year-old Topal will receive orities for the EU presidency to the General Assembly property rights in a reunited Cypriot state. troubles for itself if it continues with its arrogant and the economy or demographic structure of Greek Cy- a fixed salary of two million euros next season and an of the European Parliament on July 4. Turkey’s Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu said insulting policies,” Kozakou-Marcoullis told Today’s prus,” said Kozakou-Marcoullis, adding: “For us, we additional 10,000 euros per match. That will increase The Greek Cypriot administration, which applied when Greek Cyprus assumes the presidency, Turkey Zaman in an interview. Kozakou-Marcoullis said Tur- are ready if Turkey is ready. There are three chapters to 2.5 million euros for the 2013-14, 2014-15 and for EU funds due to the economic crisis, will be under would continue to collaborate with the EU but would key’s refusal to have normal ties with her government right now on which we can open talks. If Turkey de- 2015-16 seasons, but the amount per match will the supervision of the EU and the International Mon- not attend any event that Greek Cyprus presides over. is an obstacle to the implementation of the readmis- cides to [start the talks], we are ready,” she said. remain the same. Topal started his playing career etary Fund (IMF) during its presidency. But despite the snub, Greek Cypriot Minister sion deal. “Many things are impossible. How can you EU candidate Turkey served notice last year with second division Çanakkale Dardanelspor and It will be the first time in the EU’s history that a Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis left the door open for implement the readmission agreement if you refuse that it would break off relations with the EU joined Galatasaray in 2006, having played for Dar- state will conduct the presidency role under the su- dialogue, saying the Greek Cypriot presidency to cooperate with the Cypriot authorities?” she asked. presidency during Greek Cyprus’ six-month danelspor for four years. He was a member of the pervision of member states. Greek Cyprus, the eu- would reserve a chair for Turkey if it decides to The Greek Cypriot minister said Turkey’s boycott term unless there was progress in reunification Galatasaray team, which won the 2007-08 Super rozone’s third smallest economy, will also assume move forward with its accession negotiations decision is “regrettable” and “disappointing,” point- talks between Turkish Cypriots living in the League championship. İstanbul Today’s Zaman the presidency of the Council of Europe’s security with the EU in the next six months. ing out it is not only her government but the entire north and Greek Cypriots. Ankara Today’s Zaman TSK sends jets to patrol Syrian airspace The Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) on Sunday released a statement announcing that they had dispatched two F-16 fighter jets from the İncirlik air base on Saturday to patrol the Syrian border. Turkey has a long way to go The statement said the jets flew near the border on June 30, 2012, after a Syrian Mi-17 helicopter ap- proached within four miles of Turkish airspace, al- though it remained in Syrian airspace. The F-16s were dispatched “for the purpose of patrolling the area.” before visa liberalization with EU The Syrian helicopter was flying just south of Hatay, a province near the Syrian border. The Turkish jets contýnued from page 1 patrolled the skies between 9:12 a.m. and 10:30 a.m. After consultations within the Com- On the same day, two more F-16s were scram- mission and with member countries, bled to the same region, after a Syrian Mi-8 heli- the draft will eventually be discussed and ap- copter came within four miles of Turkish airspace. proved by the European Commission. This incident occurred at 3:05 p.m. The Turkish Diplomatic sources told Today’s Zaman that jets stayed in the air until 4:58 p.m. Later in the the current draft is thought to represent 80 percent evening, two F-16s were dispatched from the Bat- of what the final document will be, arguing that the man air base after a Syrian Mi-8 helicopter neared input by member countries could result in the text Turkish airspace. There were no violations of the being longer and stronger in terms of its conditions. airspace, the TSK said. İstanbul Today’s Zaman These sources believe the final text may be sent to Turkey in either September or October for signa- ture. They also believe visa-free travel to the EU for Turkish citizens could be possible as early as 2017 or Turkey’s policy 2018 if everything remains on the right track in the difficult marathon of visa talks. REUTERS, MURAD SEZER options in Iraq Critics say Turkey should have not agreed to negotiate any conditions as visa-free travel is al- contýnued from page 14

ready a right given to Turkish citizens by the An- PHOTO Turkey needs to convince the US that it has kara Agreement of 1963 and Additional Protocol of the moral and political motivation to assist it in its 1973. Critics also point to the many decisions by Eu- Iraq policy to stop the country from quickly reverting ropean courts that have struck down visa require- to a one-party dictatorship. This support could take ments for Turkish citizens under certain conditions. the form of stopping the many ongoing economic The action plan outlines four major fields in exchanges, as well as weapons sales to Iraq, and of which Turkey should initiate and implement a se- becoming open and public with condemnation of ries of reforms, laws and directives. In addition to Maliki’s repressive policies and his attempt to destroy Turkey’s to-do list in the areas of document securi- the democratic institutions which Iraqis, along with ty, migration management, public order and secu- the US, have achieved with great sacrifices. rity and fundamental rights, the draft asks Ankara Ousting Maliki from power to fulfill a specific set of requirements in terms of the readmission of irregular migrants, which would Unlike the many Arab regimes in the area which have be monitored by the Commission. been thrilled with the successful Turkish experiment Turkish EU Affairs Minister and Chief EU Negotiator Egemen Bağış attended a meeting for visa liberalization for Turks in the Turkish capital last week. Very similar to the language used in Turkey’s and which are trying to open up to Turkey, Maliki was never a fan of Turkey. Furthermore, Maliki is now embattled accession process, the draft says the ization. The draft says the Commission will present properly in relation to all Member States; resent sources of important irregular migration flows party to an Iranian-Syrian Shiite axis which is fully pace of progress for visa liberalization will depend to the Council and member states, as well as the Eu- “Establish and implement internal proce- directed towards Turkey or the EU Member States.” dedicated to fighting Turkey and its interests in the re- on Turkey’s achievements in the adoption and ropean Parliament, “regular reports detailing its as- dures allowing for the rapid and effective identifi- The EU is handing to Ankara a long list of gion. It is reported that Maliki has told his close circles implementation of the measures and fulfillment of sessment of Turkey’s fulfilment of the requirements cation and return of Turkey citizens, third-country demands in the following fields: Passports/travel that if Damascus was to fall to the Sunni opposition, the requirements set out in the action plan. set out in this Action Plan.” In a strongly worded nationals and stateless persons who do not, or no documents, ID cards and breeder documents, the next round of fighting will be at the gates of Bagh- The draft makes it clear that all member coun- sentence, the draft names the Council, i.e., the longer, fulfill the conditions for entry to, presence border management, visa policy, carriers’ re- dad. Lately, Maliki has branded Turkey a “hostile na- tries, in a veiled reference to the Greek Cypriot member countries, the “masters of the process.” It in, or residence on the territories of one of the sponsibility, asylum policy, illegal immigration, tion” and Erdoğan as an enemy of Iraq. Furthermore, administration of the EU not recognized by Tur- reads, “The Commission will take into utmost con- Member States and for the facilitated transit of per- the prevention and fight against organized crime, Maliki’s attack on his Sunni opponents coincided key, along with the European Council and the Eu- sideration the political conclusions of discussions in sons to be returned, in a spirit of co-operation; terrorism and corruption, judicial co-operation in with the attack on Turkish interests in Iraq. Hashemi, ropean Parliament, will, in a regular and detailed the Council,” explaining that the Justice and Home “Strengthen the capacity of the competent au- criminal and civil matters, law enforcement, co- who was secretary-general of the Iraqi Islamic Party manner, be informed about the progress. The Affairs Council will have a discussion at the end of thority to process readmission applications and re- operation, data protection, the freedom of move- until May 2009, was targeted for his pro-Turkish view, European Parliament says members will be made each semester to evaluate Turkey’s progress. duce the number of pending readmission requests; ment of Turkish citizens, conditions and proce- and the pro-Dawa Party mobs have been besieging aware of “each step” in the process with “the full The draft action plan makes the highest number “Ensure that applications for readmission dures for the issue of identification documents and threatening Turkish companies and educational participation of Member State experts in assessing of demands from Turkey in the area of the readmis- are processed in compliance with the domestic and citizens’ and minorities’ rights. centers in Baghdad, Basra and Mosul. Recently, Turk- Turkey’s progress in fulfilling the requirements.” sion of irregular immigrants, which is a highly sensi- and the EU data protection requirements; If everything goes according to the action plan, ish companies were replaced by Korean and Chinese Through a mechanism similar to that monitor- tive issue. According to the draft, Turkey should: “Compile and share in a timely manner the Commission will present a proposal to the Coun- companies in many lucrative business deals in Iraq. ing Turkey’s progress towards membership in the “Fully and effectively implement the readmis- with the competent authorities of Member States cil for the lifting of the visa obligation at the end of the For these reasons, Turkey has no option but to EU that sees the Commission issue a progress report sion obligations existing with the Member States; and the European Commission detailed statistics process. The Council will then make a majority deci- assist Maliki’s opponents in democratically unseating in each autumn, the Commission will also present “Fully and effectively implement in all its on readmission; sion on the basis of the proposal and after consulting him. Unless the Iranian government pulls strings with regular reports on the progress Turkey has made in provisions the EU-Turkey readmission agreement “Effectively seek to conclude and implement the European Parliament. No country will have veto the Sadr bloc to calm them down, the Iraqi parliament terms of fulfilling the requirements for visa liberal- ... ensuring that readmission procedures function readmission agreements with the countries that rep- rights to kill the process if it is successfully concluded. seems to be heading for a clear vote of no confidence. Turkey should assure the Shiites that it is not working against their interests in Iraq and Turkish diplomats need to intensify their efforts in lobbying Sunni Arab, Kurdish and Turkmen members of parliament to sup- port the vote of no confidence against Maliki. Finally, If Maliki manages to survive the vote of Victims of Madımak massacre to Ill-equipped ambulance took no confidence, which he might, he will emerge more powerful and, like a wounded tiger, will be more anti- Turkey. In this case the Turkish government will be be commemorated after 19 years Özal to hospital, DDK reveals left with only one viable option, which is encourag- Victims of the Madımak massacre will be ablaze. When the fire was finally extinguished, A report by the investigative body of Turkey’s The DDK has been in contact with the cur- ing Sunni provinces to establish federal regions in Iraq commemorated today, the anniversary 37 people were found dead, including two presidential palace has found that former rent owner of the ambulance, Gürsev Gür, a col- similar to the Kurdistan region. Turkey could use its of the July 2, 1993 massacre in which 37 people members of the mob and two hotel workers. President Turgut Özal, who according to official re- lector. Speaking to the Akşam daily, Gür said he soft power to promote its interests in these regions. -- most of whom were visiting the city for an Dozens of people were put on trial in the cords died in 1993 of a heart attack, was taken to a bought the ambulance at auction and learned As time goes by Sunni Arabs, Turkmens and Kurds Alevi festival -- died after an angry mob set the Madımak case. However, earlier this year the hospital by a 1970 model, ill-equipped ambulance. that it was the ambulance that carried Özal to the will be able to see that their interests require work- ing more closely, and Barzani, backed by Turkey, has Madimak Hotel on fire. case was dropped due to the expiration of the The State Audit Institution (DDK), part of the hospital after the DDK made contact with him the potential to be the emerging leader for these three With the expiry of the statute of limitations, statute of limitations. President’s Office, released a report on Özal’s death requesting to examine the ambulance. groups. For these reasons Turkey’s national interests the case against perpetrators of the massacre In a statement released regarding the inci- last month announcing its findings regarding allega- “I did not change anything in the vehicle. A in Iraq are immense and no efforts should be spared was dropped earlier this year. dent, Minister of Culture and Tourism Ertuğrul tions that Özal might have been poisoned. The DDK 14-member DDK team came to me to examine the in helping Maliki’s opponents remove him democrat- Participants at the Alevi Pir Sultan Abdal Günay said on Sunday that the passage of years found the death of then-President Özal to be “suspi- vehicle. .. They might have even harmed Özal while ically from power. The US and Barzani are indispen- Cultural and Literary Festival, who were stay- since the incident had not healed the wounds cious,” calling on prosecutors to investigate the case. trying to put him in the ambulance. It would have sible in this regard. ing at the Madımak Hotel in downtown Sivas, in society. Offering his condolences to families A photograph of the ambulance that trans- been better if Özal had been carried in his official took refuge in the hotel, besieged by a rioting of the victims, he said the incident was a crime ported Özal to Hacettepe University Hospital car. There are no medical supplies in the ambulance *Dr. Othman Ali, Ph.D., is head of the Turkish-Kurdish crowd that set the venue and nearby vehicles against humanity. İstanbul Today’s Zaman was published by several dailies on Sunday. other than a stretcher,” he said. İstanbul Today’s Zaman Studies Center in Arbil, Iraq.

DESIGN: ADNAN SARIKABAK Seedorf inksin two-year deal with Botafogo Brazilian top-flighttop-flig club Botafogo have agreed to sign 36-year-old Dutch midfielder Clarence Seedorf on a two-yeartwo deal, his new side announced on Saturday. “He’s the greatest foreign player ever to sign for a Brazilian club,” Botafogo President Mauricio Assuncao told RReuterseuters in a telephone interview after the club made the official announcement on SPORTS ththeireir wewebsite.bs The Dutchman, who ended a 10-year spell with Italian giants AC Milan eearlierarli this month, has a Brazilian wife and often spent holidays at a beachfront apartment in Rio de Janeiro, local media reported. Rio de Janeiro, Reuters

MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012 REUTERS

GÜLCAN, NEVİN, POLAT GRAB PHOTO GOLDS FOR TURKEY AT HELSINKI Allyson Felix is seen after winning the women’s 200-meter final at the 2012 Olympic trials in Eugene. US sprinter Felix runs fastest 200 meters in 14 years Two-time Olympic silver medalist Ally- son Felix ran the sixth fastest 200 meters of all time as she won the US Olympic trials in a blazing 21.69 seconds on Saturday. The performance, the fastest in the half- lap event in 14 years, set Felix up for a Lon- don showdown with Jamaican Olympic Ve- ronica Campbell-Brown, who has defeated the American in the last two Games. “I was thrilled with my race,” Felix told re- porters. “I feel like everything came together. I felt like I executed today and ran a great curve, which is something I’ve been working on.” Gülcan Mıngır of Harting adds European gold World and trials 100-meter champion medal to world discus titles Carmelita Jeter finished almost a half second behind Felix in 22.11 seconds. Turkey won the women’s Two-time reigning discus world champion 3,000 meters steeplechase final at Robert Harting of Germany added the Euro- Sanya Richards-Ross, the trials’ 400m win- pean Championships title to his resume on Satur- ner, also made the US team in a second event the European Athletics Championships, day, beating Olympic gold medalist Gerd Kanter. by finishing third in 22.22. But Felix’s training A strong throw of 68.30 meters in the rain and partner Jeneba Tarmoh missed a spot on the while Polat Kemboi Arıkan won the cold gave him a title that had eluded him, meaning team in the 200 with a fifth place finish in 22.35. only Olympic gold is now missing for the 27-year-old The sparkling race came minutes after men’s 10,000 meters event. Nevin Yanit German. Kanter’s best effort fell 1.87 meters short. world indoor hurdles champion Aries Mer- While others struggled in the conditions, Hart- capped off a glorious day for the Turks ing thrived. In fact, he had been yearning for the wet. ritt had cruised to the year’s fastest 110-meter “I wished for a rainy competition before Lon- high hurdles in a lifetime best 12.93 seconds by clinching a gold medal in the don and I got it,” said Harting, who is counting on despite wet conditions. “I had a great start and women’s 100 hurdles typically British summer weather to provide a wet I’m a build hurdler, I get faster as I go. I fulfilled London Olympics. my dream today,” said Merritt, who became With driving rain, temperatures of 15 Celsius the 14th hurdler to break the 13-second bar- (59 Fahrenheit) and few established stars com- rier but remains behind the world record of peting, the championships were short on thrilling performances on Saturday with only 21,104 fans 12.87 set by Cuban rival Dayron Robles. braving the conditions at Olympic Stadium. World champion Jason Richardson, who OKAN UDO BASSEY İSTANBUL In the women’s 200, Ukraine dominated, with had broken 13 seconds for the first time in the Mariya Ryemyen beating Hrystyna Stuy for gold, semi-finals, was second in 12.98 while Jeff Por- Turkey had a great day at the European Athletics leaving defending champion Myriam Soumare of ter claimed a surprising third in 13.08. Championships in Helsinki on Saturday, clinching France to settle for bronze. Ailing American record holder and In the men’s 200, it was a Dutch double three gold medals and sending a strong message to Olympic medalist David Oliver missed out on rivals about the upcoming Olympic Games in London. with Churandy Martina taking gold ahead of Pat- rick Van Luijk. a trip to London when he finished fifth, run- Gülcan Mıngır of Turkey won the women’s 3,000 me- In the triple jump, Italy’s Fabrizio Donatao ning 13.17. “I just didn’t get it done,” said a ters steeplechase final in Helsinki, while Polat Kemboi had a massive leap of 17.63 meters on his first hobbling Oliver. Eugene, Ore. Reuters Arıkan won the men’s 10,000 meters event. Nevin Yanit attempt and no one got close, leaving Sheryf El capped off a glorious day for the Turks by clinching a gold Sheryf of Ukraine with silver. It would have been medal in the women’s 100 hurdles. a world-leading mark but for the blustery exces- The 23-year-old Mıngır finished in a time of nine min- sive winds of 2.8 mph at his back. His second utes and 32.96 seconds ahead of Ukraine’s Svitlana Schmidt best of 17.53 was legal and good enough for Serena Williams second best in the world. (9:33.03) and Antje Möldner-Shmidt of Germany (9:36.37). In a tight pole vault final containing few real stars, soars, Murray Born in the town of Döğer in Afyonkarahisar province in Jirina Ptacnikova of the Czech Republic won with a western Turkey, she is a member of the Fenerbahçe athlet- vault of 4.60 ahead of Martina Strutz of Germany and beats the clock ics club, where she is coached by Nikolia Kiriakopoulou of Greece on count-backs. Serena Williams fired down a Wimbledon İhsan Alptekin. Mıngır is current Merlene Ottey, 52, anchored the Slovenian 4x100 record 23 aces, Yaroslava Shvedova blitzed team but she failed to get her team into the final. a physical education and sports through a record 24 consecutive points and student at Dumlupınar University Left with too much to make up on the final straight, Ottey crossed the line in sixth place. Only Andy Murray beat the clock on another night of in Kütahya. The Turkish middle the top three automatically advanced from the late drama as the All England Club ushered in distance runner was also the gold semifinal heat. the AN -- after Nadal -- era on Saturday. medalist in the 3,000 meters race Ottey won three world titles as a Jamaican - - the Forty-eight hours after brazen Czech Lu- at the 2011 European Athletics 200 twice and one sprint relay - - before she moved kas Rosol turned tennis’s world order on its U23 Championships, which was to Slovenia in 1998. Helsinki AP head by bludgeoning Rafa Nadal out of Wim- Gülcan Mıngır held in Ostrava, Czech Republic. bledon and 24 hours after Roger Federer came Yanit clocked 12.81 ahead within two points of falling through the same of Belarus’s Alina Talai (12.91) AP trap door, Murray waged his own battle under and another Belarusian Ekaterina the floodlights - this time with the clock. Poplavskaya (12.97). Wimbledon rules state that Centre Court The 26-year-old Mersin-

PHOTOS matches must finish by 2300 local time and with born Yanit is currently a student the seconds ominously ticking down, it seemed of physical education at Mersin as if Murray would be left hanging in no man’s University and also a member land till Monday to complete his third-round of the Fenerbahçe athletics club. match against Greek Cypriot Marcos Baghdatis. Nevin Yanıt She is the current national re- As it was he survived a series of falls, was cord holder of both the 60 and Turkey’s Polat penalized for allowing a string of balls to pop 100 meter hurdles. Yanıt won the silver medal at the Kemboi Arıkan out of his pocket in mid-rally but still man- 2007 Summer Universiade in Bangkok. crosses the finish line to win the men’s aged eke out a nerve-shredding 7-5, 3-6, 7-5, Kenyan-born Arıkan, who won the bronze in the 5,000 10,000-meter final at 6-1 win as the clock struck 2302 local time - meters race on Wednesday night, raised the bar in the 10,000 the European Athletics the latest ever finish at the grasscourt slam. on Saturday to take home the gold. Championships in Helsinki. “I was under the impression that at 11 p.m. The Kenyan-Turkish runner clocked 28:22.27, providing we were stopping regardless of what the score the best finish in a slow race, to finish ahead of Italian Daniele was, and I think I actually broke serve to go 5-1 Meucci (28:22.73) and Yevgeniy Rybakov of Russia (28:22.95). at that time, and then walked to the net because I Arıkan -- born Paul Kipkosgei Kemboi on Dec. 12, 1990, thought we were going to have to come back on in Cheptiret, Kenya -- switched allegiance to Turkey on June 8, Germany’s Robert Harting makes an attempt to Monday,” a relieved Murray said after speeding win the men’s discus final at the Euros. 2011, and changed his name to Polat Kemboi Arıkan. through the fourth set. Time was also an issue for his next opponent Marin Cilic. London Reuters

DESIGN: SELAHATTİN ÖZDOĞAN Baldwin marries yoga instructor in NYC Alec Baldwin and his yoga instructor fiancee tied the knot on Saturday in a New York City church, with a guest list that included family and famous Hollywood pals. Bald- win, 54, and Hilaria Thomas, 28, married at St. Patrick’s Old Cathedral in a Catholic ceremony performed by the Rev. George Deas. His “30 Rock” co-star Tina Fey, actress Mariska Hargitay and director Woody Allen were among those in attendance. NY, AP

WWW.TODAYSZAMAN.COM MONDAY, JULY 2, 2012

CUSTODY, IMAGES AT STAKE IN CRUISE-HOLMES DIVORCE When Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes first who is not involved with the Cruise-Holmes case, called 2003’s “Pieces of April” and 2005’s “Thank You for got together, he jumped on a couch, she Holmes’ East Coast filing “a tactical move” that signifies Smoking.” She took a break after giving birth to Suri gushed girlishly, and many of their fans “there will be an attempt to gain an advantage.” New in April, 2006, and marrying Cruise in November. said, “Huh?” Their split could cause just as much York’s comparative-fault divorce laws could be advanta- She did just a handful of roles until stepping things drama. Not only are the images of two Hollywood geous for Holmes, he said. The couple lived in Los Angeles. up in 2011. Holmes played Jackie” stars at stake, so is the future of 6-year-old Suri, with Cruise and Holmes married in 2006 after a whirlwind Kennedy in the Emmy-winning miniseries “The some speculating that Holmes’ decision to file for di- love affair. He proposed at the Eiffel Tower. Their wed- Kennedys,” appeared in Adam Sandler’s “Jack and

AP, TONI RODRIGUEZ TONI AP, vorce in New York might mean she’s seeking sole ding was held at a 15th century Italian castle. Jill” and just wrapped a film with William Hurt. She AP, TONI RODRIGUEZ TONI AP,

custody of their daughter. She filed for divorce Thursday, ending her first mar- said she’s set to start another project in July. O O

Ultimately, Cruise may have the most to lose. riage. This will be Cruise’s third divorce. He was previ- Meanwhile, Cruise, who turns 50 on Tuesday, PHOT PHOTO PHOTO “There’s no question this divorce is going to hurt ously married to actresses Mimi Rogers and Nicole Kid- has remained a megastar. His latest role, as an Axl his public image,” said Dorie Clark, author of the man, with whom he has two children. Cruise showed up Rose-style rock star in “Rock of Ages,” has won forthcoming “Reinventing You: Define Your Brand, alone at the recent Los Angeles and London premieres of him strong reviews (though not corresponding Imagine Your Future.” “His brand was already tar- his latest film, “Rock of Ages.” Holmes also was absent box-office results), and his most recent “Mission nished significantly when he first got together with earlier this month when Cruise received the Friars Club Impossible” installment, “Mission Impossible: Holmes five years ago and was infamously jumping Entertainment Icon Award in New York. But he did bring Ghost Protocol,” has made more than $690 mil- up and down on Oprah’s couch, and shortly after- Suri with him, allowing her to stay up late for the raunchy lion (548.05 million euros) worldwide. ward the videos of him praising Scientology were proceedings. “Divorce will actually help Katie Holmes’ “Tom Cruise’s brand has always been the dy- leaked,” she continued. “This divorce is another brand,” Clark said. “More people are going to be think- namic, likable hero -- the ‘Mission Impossible’ star opportunity for questions to be raised about his ing about her and aware of her. This is generating a lot of that you’re rooting for -- and it becomes harder for personal life, his religious beliefs -- which many sympathy and interest from people.” the public to get behind someone as a hero and consider outside the mainstream --and that’s not Holmes, 33, rose to fame on the teen soap “Dawson’s want to go to the box office and cheer them on when Tom Katie what a box-office star really wants.” Creek.” She went on to appear in “Batman Begins,” and there are serious questions about what kind of Cruise Holmes California divorce attorney Michael Kelly, earned raves for her roles in independent films such as husband and father he is,” Clark said. Los Angeles AP REUTERS PHOTO

Michael Carpenter chants along with the other participants after hiking to Ensign Peak in Salt Lake City during a mass resignation of Mormons on Saturday. 150 Mormons quit church in mass resignation ceremony in Salt Lake City A group of about 150 Mormons quit Peak, scaled in 1847 by church President their church in a mass resignation cer- Brigham Young to survey the spot where emony in Salt Lake City on Saturday his Latter-day Saints would build a city. in a rare display of defiance ending de- At the top, those gathered gave three cades of disagreement for some over loud shouts of “Freedom,” cheered, issues ranging from polygamy to gay clapped and hugged. “It’s been a hard marriage. Participants from Utah, Ari- journey and this is a symbolic end,” said zona, Idaho and elsewhere gathered event organizer Zilpha Larsen, of Lehi, in a public park to sign a “Declaration Utah. “I just hope that it boosts people of Independence from Mormonism.” up and helps them feel more comfortable “This feels awesome,” said Alison Lucas, in their decision.” The church bills itself from West Jordan, Utah, who took part as the one “true” Christian faith, and in the rally amid soaring temperatures. its theology promises families eternal “I don’t know if I would have had the relationships among those who remain courage except in a group.” The Utah- faithful, sealing those gifts through spe- based Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- cial religious rites. Among the reasons day Saints is known for its culture of cited by those resigning are the church’s obedience, and the mass ceremony was political activism against gay marriage a seldom-seen act of collective revolt. and doctrinal teachings that conflict After gathering in the park, participants with scientific findings or are perceived hiked a half-mile up nearby Ensign as racist or sexist. Salt Lake City Reuters

New Mexico Mom spends a night in jail for overdue ‘Twilight’ book, DVDs A New Mexico woman was arrested earlier this month for the $36 worth and spent a night in jail for not return- of library materials not returned since ing the book “Twilight” and two-DVD 2010. Her attorney says arrest warrants set “The Twilight Saga: New Moon” were mailed last year to an address at back to the library on time. The Albu- which Teel hadn’t lived since child- querque Journal reports Lori Teel was hood, but Teal was arrested by officers arrested and handcuffed at her Portales investigating a disturbance. Her charg- home in front of her five small children es were dismissed. Albuquerque, NM AP

Maryland police: Man uses slingshot to fire marbles at speed camera Police in Maryland say a man has been police say that at about 5 p.m. Tuesday, charged with assault for using a sling- the van was near Manor Woods Elemen- shot to fire glass marbles at a speed cam- tary School when the operator heard era van. Authorities say Bruce Lawrence something hit the side of the vehicle. The May of Ellicott City was arrested last operator saw a minivan pass and saw the week. The 50-year-old Lawrence was driver with a slingshot fire another pro- also charged with destruction of property jectile at the speed camera van. Police say and reckless endangerment. He was re- that May had received two speed cam- leased on $3,000 bond. Howard County era violations recently. Ellicott City, Md. AP

DESIGN: YUNUS ASLAN