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The Fish Fauna of Lake Maurepas, an Oligohaline Part of the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary

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The Fish Fauna of Lake Maurepas, an Oligohaline Part of the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aquila Digital Community Northeast Gulf Science Volume 9 Article 3 Number 2 Number 2 12-1987 The iF sh Fauna of Lake Maurepas, an Oligohaline Part of the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary Robert W. Hastings Southeastern Louisiana University David A. Turner Southeastern Louisiana University R. Glenn Thomas Southeastern Louisiana University DOI: 10.18785/negs.0902.03 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/goms Recommended Citation Hastings, R. W., D. A. Turner and R. Thomas. 1987. The iF sh Fauna of Lake Maurepas, an Oligohaline Part of the Lake Pontchartrain Estuary. Northeast Gulf Science 9 (2). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol9/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf of Mexico Science by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Northeast Gulf ScienceHastings Vol.et al.: 9The No. Fish 2, FaunaDecember of Lake 1987 Maurepas, p. 89-98 an Oligohaline Part of the Lake THE FISH FAUNA OF LAKE MAUREPAS, AN OLIGOHALINE PART OF THE LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN ESTUARY Robert W. Hastings, David A. Turner1 R. Glenn Thomas2 Department of Biological Sciences Southeastern Louisiana University Hammond, LA 70402 ABSTRACT: Lake Maurepas is a slightly saline body of water located at the upper end of the Lake Pontchartrain estuary. Of 67 fish species collected during 1983-84, 33 species (49%) are primarily freshwater, 6 (9%) are primarily marine, and 28 (42%) are estuarine or diadromous, commonly occurring in both freshwater and marine habitats. Major freshwater species (e.g. lctalurus furcatus, I. punctatus, and Aplodinotus grunniens) were present throughout the year, whereas most marine and estuarine species were seasonally present (e.g. Anchoa mitchilli, Brevoortia patron us, and Micropogonias undulatus), or were present during periods of higher (up to 2.5 o/oo) salinity (e.g. Cynoscion arenarius, Leiostomus xan­ thurus, and Pogonias cromis). Literature records indicate that larger percentages of marine species are present during years when salinities are higher (up to 8 o/oo). Lake Maurepas is a shallow (<2.1 m), ed to list collections by station and oligohaline body of water encompassing generally did not distinguish between 233 sq. km. draining via Pass Manchac Lake Maurepas and Lake Pontchartrain. into the west end of Lake Pontchartrain Several tributaries to Lake Maurepas in southeastern Louisiana (Figure 1). As have been sampled for fishes, including with other oligohaline habitats within the Amite River (Lantz, 1970; Laiche, estuaries (Hackney and de Ia Cruz, 1981, 1980), Blind River (Watson eta!., 1981), Rozas and Hackney, 1984), its fauna has and Tickfaw River (Saul, 1974). Saul's not been intensively studied. Only super­ (1974) collections also included one sta­ ficial surveys have been completed dur­ tion in Lake Maurepas (near the mouth ing several previous projects. Davis eta!. of the Tickfaw River), but collections at (1970) reported a total of 29 fish species that station were not distinguished from taken from Lake Maurepas, at two otter those within the river. Our report trawl stations near the mouths of the presents the first comprehensive list of Amite and Blind Rivers and at three tram­ the fishes occurring in this major, low­ mel net stations at the mouths of the salinity portion of the estuary, and com­ Amite, Blind, and Tickfaw Rivers. Price plements previous reports on fishes of and Kuckyr (197 4) recorded 11 species in the Lake Pontchartrain system. collections at two trawl stations in Lake Maurepas. Tarver and Savoie (1976) col­ METHODS lected 19 species of fish at their single trawl station in Lake Maurepas, but fail· Fishes were collected with gill net and otter trawl during six bimonthly 1 Rresent Address: 6518 W. Garwood Circle, sampling periods from September 1983 Knoxville, TN 37718 •Present Address: Department of Fisheries, Loui­ to October 1984 at seven stations. Sta­ siana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70807 tions were identified and relocated by a Published by The Aquila Digital Community, 1987 89 1 90 Hastings, R.W., D.A. Turner, and R.G. Thomas Gulf of Mexico Science, Vol. 9 [1987], No. 2, Art. 3 Lake Maurepas fish fauna 91 Gill net effort at each station includ­ ed four multimesh multifilament nylon Samples collected by gill net and almost exclusively by trawl (51 ,642 in­ nets 45.7 m long and 2.4 m deep compos­ large specimens collected by trawl were dividuals) and dominated the trawl catch ed of six 7.6 m sections of 8.9, 7.6, 6.3, identified, measured (total length) and (85% of catch). Other important species 5.1, 3.8, and 2.5 em bar mesh, and two weighed in the field, and released. Trawl (>0.5% of catch) taken by trawl were blue large-mesh multifilament nylon nets 61 collections were preserved in 10% buf­ catfish (lctalurus furcatus), channel cat­ m long and 2.4 m deep with 11.4 em fered formalin and returned to the fish (/. punctatus), Atlantic croaker mesh. Gill nets were set to fish for ap­ laboratory for identification and length­ (Micropogonias undulatus), gulf weight determinations. menhaden (Brevoortia patronus), lake Pontchartrafn proximately 12 hours. Catch per unit ef­ fort (CPUE) for gill nets (excluding large Rotenone was used to sample freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grun­ 5 10 A 4 R I shorelines at Stations 1-5. A 0.5 ha niens), and hogchoker (Trinectes kilometers mesh nets, for which catch was usually negligible) was calculated as number of shoreline area measuring approximate­ maculatus). Predominant species ly 29 m x 3 m was enclosed with a block Figure 1. Sampling stations in Lake Maurepas, fish caught per net set. (>1.0%) collected by multimesh gill net Louisiana. Standard otter trawl sampling in­ net (0.64 em mesh) and treated with 5% were gulf menhaden, blue catfish, giz­ volved three 10-minute tows with a 4.9 m liquid rotenone to produce a 1-3 ppm con­ zard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), spot LORAN C APL-900 electror.ic navigator trawl with 1.9 em bar mesh and a 0.6 em centration. Affected fish were dip-netted, (Leiostomus xanthurus), skipjack herring so that sampling was always conducted mesh cod end for the capture of small preserved in 10% buffered formalin, and (Aiosa chrysochloris), striped mullet in the same 3.4 sq. km. (one sq. nautical specimens. Usually one trawl tow was returned to the laboratory for processing. (Mugil cephalus), channel catfish, and mile) area. Stations 1-5 were located taken in late evening and two were taken Shoreline stations were sampled twice longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus). around the lake perimeter and Stations in early to mid-morning of the following during May, 1984, and twice during July­ Large mesh gill nets captured only 56 in­ 6-7 in mid-lake (Figure 1). Sampling dates day. CPUE for trawls was calculated as September 1984. dividuals (9 species), of which 37 (66%) are given in Table 1. number of fish caught per 10-minute tow. Reference specimens have been ar­ were black drum (Pogonias cromis) and chived at Southeastern Louisiana Univer­ 6 (11 %) were long nose gar. Major Table 1. Sampling dates and effort for Lake Maurepas fish surve~. sity, Department of Biological Sciences. species collected by rotenone included several open water species especially Stations Number of Period Dates Method Sampled Samples RESULTS sensitive to rotenone, such as gulf menhaden, inland silverside (Menidia 19 Sep - 6 Oct 1983 Multimesh Gill Net 1 . 7 27 A total of 74,202 individuals beryl/ina), hogchoker, and bay anchovy. Large Mesh Gill Net 1 - 7 14 representing 67 species and 28 families Species associated with sheltered Trawl 1 . 7 21 was collected during this study (Table 2). shoreline habitats that were collected 2 31 Oct - 15 Nov 1983 Multimesh Gill Net 1 . 7 28 Overall catch was dominated numerical­ primarily by rotenone included naked Large Mesh Gill Net 1 . 7 14 ly by bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchillt), goby (Gobiosoma bosct), longear sunfish Trawl 1 . 7 21 which constituted 70% of the total catch. (Lepomis mega/otis), bluegill (Lepomis 3 16 Jan - 10 Feb 1984 Multimesh Gill Net 1 . 7 28 Ten predominant species accounted for macrochirus), least killifish (Heterandria Large Mesh Gill Net 1 . 7 14 97.2% of the total catch. Most in­ formosa), mosquitofish (Gambusia at­ Trawl 1 . 7 21 dividuals (60,750) were taken by trawl, but finis), gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis), the largest number of species (41) was 4 26 Mar- 16 Apr 1984 Multimesh Gill Net 1 . 7 27 and gulf pipefish (Syngnathus scovellt). Large Mesh Gill Net 1 . 7 14 taken by rotenone. Trawls tended to Among the 67 species collected dur­ Trawl 1 . 6 18 catch primarily smaller size classes of ing the study, 33 (49%) are freshwater, 6 1 . 5 4 May- 11 May 1984 Rotenone 10 common open water species while gill (9%) are marine, and 28 (42%) occur in 5 6 Jun · 20 Jun 1984 Multimesh Gill Net 1 . 7 28 nets caught mostly larger size classes of both fresh and marine water (Robins et Large Mesh Gill Net 1 . 7 14 open water species. Rotenone catches a/., 1980). Euryhaline species include four Trawl 1 . 7 21 were quite different from those taken by that occur mostly in freshwater, 21 that 31 Jul - 7 Aug 1984 Rotenone 1 • 5 5 net, since they included a relatively large are primarily marine, and three that are 6 10 Sep- 5 Oct 1984 Multimesh Gill Net 1 .
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