Environmental Impact Assessment Report
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E-421 VOL.4 in associatonwith Public Disclosure Authorized IIIE EnvironmentalImpact AssessmentReport Project Co-ordinatingConsultancy Services (PCC) Public Disclosure Authorized for the KarnatakaState HighwaysImprovement Project IBRD Loan/Credit No. LN-4114 ~~aidar Public Disclosure Authorized Belga KarwarE { aa~~~durga Mangalorgalore Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared for: Govt of Kanataka PublicWorks Dept. (NatonalHighways) December2000 in assoaion wfl IIIE EnvironmentalImpact Assessment Report ProjectCo-ordinating Consultancy Services (PCC) forthe KarnatakaState Highways Improvement Project IBRD Loan/CreditNo. LN-4114 sXi~~~dar Belga Karwa durga Mangalor ______ _ Prepaedfor. Govt of Kamataka PublicWorks Dept. (NationalHighways) December2000 Karnataka State Hizhwavs EnvironmentalImpact AssessmentReport ImprovementProject Table of Contents VOLUME-Il: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................ 1-1 1.1. PROJECTBACKGROUND .................................................................................. 1-1 1.2. METHODOLOGY................................................................................ 1-2 1.3. STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ................................................................................. -4 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ........................................................... 2-1 2.1. HIGHLIGHTS OF THE INDIANSYSTEM & MAJORORGANISATIONS . ........................................................2-1 2.2. RESPONSIBILITIESOF THE PROJECT PROMOTER & INTERFACESWITH OTHER AGENCIES ... 2-1 2.2.1. Interface wvithrthe Ministry of Environment & Ftests .2-1 2.2.2. Interface with the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board .2-2 2.2.3. Interface wviththe Department of Land & Land Revenue of the GoK .2-2 2.2.4. Interface with thle Offices of the District Magist-ate & City Municipalities .2-4 2.2.5. Interface wvitlhtile Department of Forests of the GoK .2-4 2.2.6. Interface w1itht thie Department of Mines of the GoK .2-5 2.3. STRENGTH OF THE PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT OF GoK FOR INTERFACEMANAGEMENT ... 2-5 2.4. STATUTES RELATED TO ENVIRONMENT.............................................................................. 2-6 2.4.1. Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (with subsequent amendments) ................. ....................I................. 2-7 2.4.2. TilzeIndian Forest Act, 1927 ........................................................................... 2-7 2.4.3. Tlze Ancient monuments and Archaeological sites and Remains Act, 1958 and thle Karnataka Ancient monuments and Archaeological sites and Remains Act. 1961 . .......................................................2-7 2.4.4. ThzeKarnutaka FoorestAct. 1963 .. 2-7 2.4.5. Thte Mvsore Highways Act, /964 ..................................... ......... .. 2-8 2.4.6. The Wildlife +'Protection)Act, 1972 ............................................. ..2..........-.......... -8 2.4.7. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. 1974............................................................... 2 -8 2.4.8. The KarnataAa Preservation of Trees Act, /976 .. 2-8 2.4.9. The Fory- -second Amendment of the Constitution. 1976 ......................................................... 2-8 2.4.10. Town and Countrv Planning Act. 1976 .......................... ...................... ........... _ 9 2.4.11. Forest Conservation Act. 1980 ........................................... ....................... 2-9 2.4.12. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. 1981 .. 2-9 2.4.13. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 .. 2-9 2.4.14. Motor I lhicles Rules, 1989.............................................. 2-10 2.4.15. Tlze Hazardous WIastes(Mfanagement And Handling) Rules. 1989............................................ 2 -10 2.4.16. Coastal Regulation Zone Notification. 1991 ..... .......................................................... 2-10 2.4.17. Pubfic Liability Insutrance Act, 1991 ..................................... ......... 2..........................................2-10 2.44.18. Sevenn -t-loarth,4 mendment of the Constitutior. 1992 ................................................................. 2-10 2.4.19. Vational Environment TribunialAct, 1995 .. ................................... 2-11 2.4.20. VatronalEnr iron menttAppellateAulitlhorint Act, 1997 ...............................................-................. -11 2.4.21. Putblic Interest Lttigation against Government ................................... .2....................................2-11 2.5. GUIDELINESFOR EIA OFHIGHWAY PROJECTS, IRC: 104-1988 .. 2-11 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION . 3-1 3.1. PROJECTLOC ATION . 3-1 3.2. SCOPEOF \\WORKS. 3-1 3.3. TRAFFIC DETAILS PER ROUTE . 3-3 ToC-I Scott Wilson / CES / IIIE Karnataka State Highways Envirownental Impact AssessmentReport ImprovementProject Table of Contents 3.4. DESIGN OPTIONSCONSIDERED ...................................................... _-3 3.5. OPTIONS ON CONSTRUCTION METHODS..................................................3-4 3.5.1. Pavement....................................verlay........................em n O e S- 3.5.2. New.....................Construction.....................................C ntrc -6 3.5.3. Treatment Alternatives..........................................................3-6 3.6. OPTIONS ON ROAD CONSTRUCTIONMATERIALS.............................o..............3-6 3.6.1. Rocks......................................k ............................... -7.. 33.6.2.alG avl............Natural.....................Gravel...................3...... -8 3.6.3. d..................................Sand.........................3-8............ - 3.6.4. Fly................Ash.................3-8.........s .......................... - 3.6.5 m an m ntFl...........Embankment...........................Fill..................... 8- 3.6 A phl.6.........................Asphalt................................3-8......... - 3.7. OPTIONS ON CROss DRAINAGE STRUCTURES.............................................3-10 3.8. OPTIONS ON INTERSECTIONSON ROADS FOR UPGRADATION.................................3-10 3.9. P IO SONB PA SSOPTIONS................ON.......BYPASSES...................3............ 11 4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................ 4-I 4.1. INTRODUCTION......................................................N R D CTO .......... 1- 4.2. N.........PROJECT....................OPTION..................4.......oP OJC PTO .... 1- 4.3. STRATEGICOPTION STUDY............................................................4-1 4.4. INITIAL PACKAGE OF THE KSHIP ...................................................... 4-1 4.5. ALTERNATIVES SUGGESTED By KPCC...................................................4-1 4.6. IMPACT OF WORLD BANK'S CRITERIA...................................................4-1 4.7. E IN L ER A IV S.DESIGN...............ALTERNATI......................ES.......... 4......2- 4.7.1. Route..............Alternatives...............................teA ten tie ...... -2..- 4.7.2. AlignmentAlternatives ......................................................... 4-2 4.7.3. Bypass Alternatives ...... _..................................................._ 4-3 4.7.4. Cross-section Alternatives ....................................................... 4-3 4.8. ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION.........................................4-3 4.9. CONCLUSION.......................................4............NC U JN ............. -3. 5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SET UP ................................................ 5-1 5.1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................N R D CTO ......... I- 5.2. H SCA ES U CE .PHYSICAL....................RESOURCES.............. .................... 1- 5.2.1. P...........................................................sog a k .............. I 55.2 Ge lg..........................Geolo.............................................. - 5.2.3. mate.................5-4.......... t ........................................... - 55.2.4.raue................Te..........pe.....rature................................. -4 5.2. Ra5.ll.......................R............ ...... ....... ............... ..... ...... 4.- 5.2.6. Directio................................of........Wi.......d.............ecin fWi 4- 5.2. 7. Ambient Air QuialityI...I.......... ........................................... 5-4 5.2.8. AmbientNoise Level ...........................................................- 14 5 .2.9. Drainage Sy'stemi.............................. ............................... 5-16 5.2.10. Soil ...................................... 5........................-2...........52 5.3. EcOLOGICAL RESOURCES............................................................5-20 5.3.1. Floralr ....................................................................... 1.52 5.3.2. Fauna ....................................................... 5-24..............52 5.4. U A U EVA U S........U......AN........SE...... .ALUES............................. 2...52 5.4.1. Landd ..................................... .use.......................-....... 5~52 5.5. SoCIAL ENVIRONMENT ........... .................................................. 5-26 5.5.1. Demographic Features----------.5-26------- ..... ---- - -- -..................... 52 5.5.2. Occutpational Pattern ......................................................... 5-28 ToC-2 Scott Wilson I CES / IIIE Karnataka State Highways Environmental