Case Study Connecting Under-Represented Communities
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Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship Volume 8 | Issue 2 Article 6 August 2015 Hear Our Voices: Case Study Connecting Under- Represented Communities to Research Legislators on Safe Routes to School and Active Transportation Huda Ahmed University of Minnesota Khalid Adam University of Minnesota Karen Clark Women's Environmental Institute Felicia Wesaw University of Minnesota Sarah Gollust University of Minnesota See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/jces Recommended Citation Ahmed, Huda; Adam, Khalid; Clark, Karen; Wesaw, Felicia; Gollust, Sarah; and Nanney, Marilyn S. (2015) "Hear Our Voices: Case Study Connecting Under-Represented Communities to Research Legislators on Safe Routes to School and Active Transportation," Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship: Vol. 8 : Iss. 2 , Article 6. Available at: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/jces/vol8/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship by an authorized editor of Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. Hear Our Voices: Case Study Connecting Under-Represented Communities to Research Legislators on Safe Routes to School and Active Transportation Authors Huda Ahmed, Khalid Adam, Karen Clark, Felicia Wesaw, Sarah Gollust, and Marilyn S. Nanney This article is available in Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/jces/vol8/ iss2/6 Ahmed et al.: Hear Our Voices: Case Study Connecting Under-Represented Communit Hear Our Voices: Case Study Connecting Under-Represented Communities to Research and Legislators on Safe Routes to School and Active Transportation Huda Ahmed, Khalid Adam, Karen Clark, Felicia Wesaw, Sarah Gollust, and Marilyn S. Nanney Abstract Although research indicates the built environment influences the walkability of a geographic region among a general population, less is known about the built-environment influences among communities that face health and socio-economic disparities. Built-environment initiatives like Safe Routes to School and Active Transportation that do not take into account the unique assets/barriers of these communities can inadvertently widen disparities. With a health equity lens, this project focused on bridging information gaps that exist between underserved communities, research, and health policy-making. Community listening sessions focusing on Safe Routes to School/Active Transportation were held in the spring of 2014. Over 180 participants from some of Minnesota’s communities of color (Native American, Somali/Oromo, and LGTBQ Two-Spirit) generated recommendations for policy and program decision- makers. These recommendations illustrated that in addition to the built-environment Safe Routes to School/Active Transportation address, public safety concerns needed to be addressed for successful implementation of Safe Routes to School and Active Transportation in their communities. Introduction Despite health disparities nationally being high- Minnesota is repeatedly ranked as one of lighted as an issue decades ago (Nickens, 1986), the healthiest states in the country (http://www. they continue to persist. According to the 2014 health.state.mn.us/ommh/publications/legislati- Advancing Health Equity Report by the Minneso- verpt2013.pdf). This ranking, however, does not ta’s Commissioner of Health; they persist because tell the whole story. Despite being healthy on av- of structural policies and programs that routinely erage, Minnesota ranks among the states with the advantage one mainstream population (Cauca- worst health disparities. This means that the op- sian) and disadvantage others (minorities). These portunity to be healthy is not enjoyed equally by policies and programs reinforce the disparities by all Minnesotans. According to a recently released taking a one size fits all approach that does not take from the Minnesota Department of Health, exam- into account the unique needs, assets, and culture ples that highlight such disparities include: of other communities, these same communities that are afflicted with higher morbidity and mor- African American and American Indi- tality rates. This calls for an upstream approach an babies die in the first year of life at that engages disadvantaged communities as poli- twice the rate of white babies. While in- cies and program are being planned and developed fant mortality rates for all groups have so that resulting health policies and programs ad- declined, the disparity in rates has exist- dress their specific needs in a way that is appropri- ed for over 20 years. American Indian, ate to them. Hispanic/Latino, and African American Currently in Minnesota, there are many youth have the highest rates of obesity. health policy projects underway that communities Gay, lesbian and bisexual university stu- affected by health disparities, if equipped with rel- dents are more likely than their hetero- evant research best practices, can help shape and sexual peers to have struggles with their influence. These include; mental health (http://www.health.state. 1. Statewide Health Improvement Pro- mn.us/divs/chs/healthequity/ahe_leg_re- gram (SHIP). SHIP is a state initiative that works port_020414.pdf). on policy, systems, and environmental factors that need to be in place for a healthier community. Ac- tivities include: Farm to School to promote healthy Published by NighthawksVol. 8, No. Open 2 —JOURNALInstitutional Repository, OF COMMUNITY 2015 ENGAGEMENT AND SCHOLARSHIP—Page 59 1 Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship, Vol. 8, Iss. 2 [2015], Art. 6 eating; Safe Routes to School to have more kids Our community-academic partnership imple- walking to school to increase their physical activi- mented a robust community engagement process ty; Physical activity in schools that are working to connecting policy-relevant obesity research find- increase physical activity within the instructional ings with disadvantaged communities to mobilize setting; and Tobacco Free Campuses. SHIP was be- them toward impacting policy decisions, specif- hind the University of Minnesota’s going tobacco ically the legislative 2014 target of Safe Routes to free this year. School. 2. Community Transformation Grant All partners recognized they have unique (CTG). This is a federally funded initiative from expertise that when combined moves the needle the Center for Disease Control that in Minnesota, toward health equity for all. Researchers affiliated works to expand efforts in tobacco-free living, ac- with University of Minnesota Program in Health tive living and healthy eating, and quality clinical Disparities Research (PHDR), have been involved and other preventive services, all toward a goal of in a study funded by the National Institutes of addressing health disparities, helping control health Health on use of research evidence in policy mak- care spending, and creating a healthier future. ing decisions. This project, while including policy- Unfortunately, many of the communities that makers, advocates, and state agency staff, did not are affected by health inequities are not engaged include any underserved communities, an import- at these policy shaping discussions for the reasons ant oversight that this project corrects. The com- discussed earlier. So, as certain communities be- munity partners were key in bringing the two to- come healthier by benefiting from the above pol- gether due to their strong relationship with PHDR icies and programs, others are at the wrong end of and their communities. A community dialogue se- a widening health equity gap because they are not ries platform brought all three together; research, part of the conversation. community, and the 2014 policy initiative of Safe Routes to School. This project was “shovel ready” “Bridging the Gap” Project Overview for implementation and could serve as a model for Current research (Gollust, Kite, Benning, Cal- engaging disadvantaged communities in achieving lanan, Weisman, & Nanney, 2014) examining ways health equity initiatives. The University of Minne- in which childhood obesity research evidence is sota IRB determined the project to be exempt. used in the policymaking process highlighted sev- eral gaps, including engaging communities to have The Policy: Safe Routes to School influence on policy decisions. Since legislators are With the growing rates of childhood obesity accountable to community demands, commu- around the country (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, nities that are engaged and knowledgeable about 2012), the American Heart Association in 2015 rec- policy-relevant research findings can have an in- ommended that kids get about an hour of physical fluential role in helping to advocate for policies to activity a day (http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/ improve health. There needs to be a connection be- GettingHealthy/HealthierKids/ActivitiesforKids/ tween research and policy and, even more impor- The-AHAs-Recommendations-for-Physical-Ac- tantly, to eliminate health inequity disadvantaged tivity-in-Children_UCM_304053_Article.jsp). communities must be a part of this connection Increasing children’s physical activity has been from the beginning. Often when policy-shaping shown to decrease obesity. An 850-article literature discussions are happening and when important review on the topic (Strong, Malina, Blimkie, Dan- research findings are being disseminated,