Smart Building The Different Standard and Systems Overview and The Evolution to Smart Buildings Design

Jihad CHAHINE, ME, MBA, CEA® LGBC Administrative Council Member- General Secretary President R’NARD – not-for-profit organization Senior Management Consultant – Automation and Controls sarl Founder and CTO Navitas Technology LLC

Wednesday November 14, 2018 • Introduction • Smart Building Ecosystem • Enabling Technologies (hardware and software) • Services and New Business Opportunities • Communication Standards • vs BMS vs SCADA • Case Studies on the • Q&A agenda

2 Smart buildings are the digital extension of architectural and engineering progress. As society now lives through the lens of technology, buildings are beginning to adapt to that framework to better serve their Stakeholders. What is Smart Buildings

3 The development of the intelligent building platform breaks down siloes between stakeholders’ objectives and creates a cohesive infrastructure of technology and systems that delivers Creating a broad energy and business improvements. These improvements Common can be measured against the metrics that matter most to each of the core stakeholder groups Platform for Achieving Stakeholder Goals

4 Case studies

5 The development of the intelligent building as a platform for new business opportunities and value is a journey, and there are benefits along the way that can help shape the customers’ Positioning investment strategy and ultimate objective of Intelligent Building Solutions

6 The intelligent buildings market continues to evolve, and an increasing focus on the value of data introduces inventive offerings that speak to critical pain points for commercial customers within the market. Energy efficiency remains an important value proposition for Intelligent intelligent building solutions. Buildings Investment Process

Enabling Products and Services

7 Hardware devices, operational equipment, and software are the critical enabling technologies for the intelligent building. Enabling Technologies

8 • Communications devices • Controllers • Sensors • Valves and Actuators Hardware • Edge

9 Gateways are devices that play an overarching role in integrating control and management systems and enabling the key communication links between systems that are typically Communications islanded or disintegrated. devices

10 Controllers are dedicated hardware devices that govern the operations of specific controls, devices, and pieces of equipment. They typically connect into the electrical distribution system of a building and to the internet via an electrical networking link that facilitates rapid data transmission and reception. Ex: HVAC control Controllers system.

11 An advanced sensor is a device with processing capabilities that not only provides customized outputs, but also improves sensor performance because of its inherent ability to make decisions. The advanced digital sensor can learn from data that it stores over time to make its decision- Sensors making even more intelligent.

12 Valves and actuators are key elements of traditional BASs. These devices will continue to be critical enabling technologies for intelligent buildings. Intelligent valves and actuators can be connected to the cloud, enable remote monitoring, and automatically adjust to in- Valves and building conditions to reduce operating costs. Actuators

13 The edge device represents the next frontier in the intelligent buildings market. These devices are capable of supporting real-time improvements without the support of . This category of hardware includes devices with converged control, sensing, and Edge communications.

14 • Reporting Applications • Energy Management Software • Optimization Applications Software

15 Reporting applications are the offerings that help customers gain a centralized view of equipment operations, space use, and occupant feedback. There are offerings on the market that solely aggregate data and provide reporting dashboards for executive teams and others that offer reporting applications as part of a broader Reporting portfolio of analytics. Applications

16 Energy management software applications inform customers on the bottom line impacts of their building operations in terms of utility cost. The analytics identify energy waste Energy related to bad , equipment failures, Management or repair needs. Software

17 Optimization applications represent the most sophisticated applications in the market. The analytics that deliver insight in this category span historically siloed aspects of building operations. These software offers are the most integrated with automation and controls, business intelligence systems, and even onsite Distributed Optimization energy resources (DER). Applications

18 • Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics • Mechanical and Integration • Integrated Energy and Operational Improvement Services

19 Remote monitoring and diagnostics is the first category of intelligent building advisory services in terms of depth of engagement. Remote These services may be an extension to a SaaS offering that involve remote data scientists Monitoring and engineering teams. and Diagnostics

20 Mechanical and integration services build on remote monitoring and diagnostics to support customers in CAPEX investment decision-making and technology or equipment installation. These services help building owners set priorities around equipment repairs and maintenance, but also replacement. The enterprise Mechanical insights of analytics enable the data-drive decision- and making these advisors support. Integration

21 Integrated energy and operational improvement services represent the deepest Integrated advisory service partnership. Energy and IT/OT Convergence. Operational Improvement

22 • BACnet • • DALI • EnOcean Standards • Wi-Fi • ZigBee • Project Haystack • KNX • LoRa

23 BACnet is a standard communications protocol for and control networks developed by ASHRAE under the auspices of the Standing Standard Project Committee 135 (SSPC 135). BACnet

24 Bluetooth offers short-range point-to-point connection and mesh networking. It is well-suited to applications with a static base station and a mobile controller, the most familiar applications include in-car audio connections, and smart home devices such as thermostats and Bluetooth the budding home assistant market.

25 DALI Digital Addressable Lighting Interface is a protocol aimed at defining a set of controls for lighting ballasts, transformers, LEDs, and other lighting technologies. DALI

26 EnOcean is a wireless standard designed around self-powered (non-battery) devices. The standard directs energy harvesting by converting energy such as linear motion, pressure, light, and differences in temperature into electrical energy to power the device.

27 Wi-Fi is the trademark and commonly used name for wireless local area network (LAN) technology based on the IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n standard. The technology is widely deployed across consumer and commercial spaces and Wi-Fi features high data transfer speeds.

28 ZigBee is a mesh-based wireless networking standard targeted at applications that require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking. ZigBee has been adopted in a wide range of applications including home automation, smart metering, healthcare, and building ZigBee automation.

29 Z- or ZigBee Bluetooth EnOcean ZigBee (802.15.4) Wi-Fi (802.11) KNX-RF (802.15.4) (802.15.1) Frequency (MHz) 868 868 868 2400 2400 2400 Data rate (kbyte/s) 125 9,6 / 20 20 250 720 11.000-54.000 Minimum telegram 0,6 20 30 4 0,7 – length (ms) SELECTION Energy need extremely low Low Low Low Medium High (incl. startup) Basic load level of low Low Low High High High GUIDE FOR frequency band

Risk of data very low Medium Medium Low very low High WIRELESS collision Battery less radio yes No No No No No STANDARDS transmitter Life cycle costs very good Good Good Good Good not so good

Optimal maintenance- battery- battery- battery-powered Computer Computer solution for free battery less powered wire- powered wire- wire-less sensor Networking with Networking following wireless sensor less sensor less sensor systems printers and (Web, e-mail, purpose systems systems systems PDAs video)

30 31 • Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)-based protocol evolution from European standards • Independent of hardware platform • European market adoption • Bus topology implements control switching, dimming, and timers over twisted pair wiring, PLC, RF, , and

32 LoRa (Long Range)uses license-free sub-gigahertz radio frequency bands like 169 MHz, 433 MHz, 868 MHz (Europe) and 915 MHz (North America). LoRa enables very-long-range transmissions (more than 10 km in rural areas) with low power consumption. The technology is presented in two parts — LoRa, the physical layer and LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network), the upper layers.

33 RTU-Profibus BACnet Homes – KNX Buildings - Home Automation Industries Building Automation Industrial Automation

34 Home Automation BMS System SCADA System

Building Management Supervisory Control and Data Home Automation

system Acquisition Meaning All Kinds of Homes All Kinds of buildings. Electrical power transmission and distribution. Homes – Small and Medium Hospitals. Manufacturing and Buildings production. Buildings - HVAC Ships. Power generation, fabrication, and refining. Façade automation Hotels. Water treatment and

Industries distribution. Usage Smart metering Schools and universities. Wastewater collection and treatment. Audio-visual Airports. Oil and gas pipelines. "baby BMS" They monitor and control Large communication HVAC, access, and energy systems. consumption

35 Home Automation BMS System SCADA System Could have a HMI Interface. A Human-Machine Interface (HMI) A Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Programmable through an which is the apparatus that which is the apparatus that ETS software presents the process data to a presents the process data to a human operator to monitor and human operator to monitor and control the process control the process Decentralized Network A supervisory (computer) system, A supervisory (computer) system, Structure gathering (acquiring) data on the gathering (acquiring) data on the Homes – process and sending commands process and sending commands Buildings - (control) to the process. (control) to the process. KNX sensors. Direct digital controllers DDC) Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) KNX actuators. with remote I/O modules. connecting to sensors in the Industries KNX Application. process, converting sensor signals

System components System to digital data and sending digital data to the supervisory system.

Intelligent bus systems Programmable Logic Controller (PLCs) are used because they are more economical, versatile, flexible, and configurable than special-purpose RTUs.

36 Home Automation BMS System SCADA System Life Time 7-10 years, due to Life Time 7-10 years Life time 12-15 Years advance in technology. Very Economical Economical material. More robust material Various media do differ Control actions is taken by the Control actions is taken by considerably in their data DDC within 2 to 2.5 seconds. the transfer rates, however. In RTU’s and PLc’s in max 250 Homes – normal data traffic, KNX TP millisecond. needs around 20 millisecond Buildings - to send a telegram. Redundancy is optional Redundancy is optional. Redundancy is a standard Industries Performance in the HMI computers. Possible through alarm system Alarms performance within 40 Alarms performance within component and software/sms to 50 sec and depends on the 15 sec. alarm Que. Possible by applications Trending and logging happens Very fast trending and with normal speed and logging of depends on each vendor. historical data and alarms.

37 Home Automation BMS System SCADA System Specialized in lighting, Specialized in the HVAC Not so familiar with the HVAC shades, HVAC and metering protocols DDC controls can standard protocols (Bacnet, communicate with either LONWORKS) it uses either Bacnet or LONworks. Modbus or Profibus Homes – Very open to third party Very open to third party Very week in third part interface interfaces interfaces (Power meters, and should be by Modbus or Buildings - variable speed drives, ..etc) Profibus only. Lower initial cost. Lower initial cost. Higher initial cost. Industries Lower operating cost. Lower operating cost. Higher operation cost as it needs qualified and trained people for operation.

Advantages/Disadvantages Lower spare parts. Lower spare parts. Higher spare parts Multi-vendor products and Vendor Dependent Vendor Dependent support.

38 Case studies

39 Q&A

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