Check List 9(5): 987–1019, 2013 © 2013 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution PECIES S continental and insular Costa Rica: additions and OF nomenclatural revisions ISTS L Arturo Angulo 1*, Carlos A. Garita-Alvarado 1, William A. Bussing 1, 2 1, 2 Rica, 11501-2060. * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] insular Costa Rica. This checklist, systematically arranged at the ordinal and familial level, includes nomenclatural revisions, Louisiana State University Museum of Zoology (LSUMZ). Other institutional abbreviations used are as follows: CAS = California Academy of Sciences; LACM = Los Angeles County Museum; STRI = Smithsonian Tropical Research these pioneer worKs, knowledge about the freshwater Institute; TU = Tulane University Museum of Natural History; UF = University of Florida; and UMMZ = University of new species, the establishment of new inland and of Michigan Museum of Zoology. country records, and the numerous nomenclatural changes The checklist is arranged by order and family following for previously known species, given major advances in Eschmeyer and Fong (2013). Genera and species within a understanding of the status and relationships of many family are arranged in alphabetical order. After the mention groups, contribute to such development. The purpose of of each most inclusive taxa, the number in parentheses the following checklist is to update the known composition larger than genera the number in brackets represent the number of genera. In those higher than family the number conclusions of recent studies on relationships. preceding genera is the number of families. The family tolerance to salinity is listed according to Diversity and distributional data were obtained description of each species and genera follow Eschmeyer (2013). An asterisk after the authority name indicates that localities in Costa Rica was performed between March the taxon is introduced. When available, after the authority name, the common English name was provided followed by the common Spanish name, both following Bussing Pauly (2013) (see Angulo (2013) for a more complete list were issued by the Costa Rican Ministerio de Ambiente of the common and technical Spanish names of the Costa Energía y Telecomunicaciones (MINAET) and the Sistema following the common names indicates the page location Distributional data are presented at the Costa Rican Museo de Zoología of the Universidad de Costa Rica major River drainage basins (Figure 1), for which there are (UCR) was conducted. Finally, species occurrence records were also obtained by querying the inter-institutional drainages, all listed in north to south order). Following the distributional data, altitudinal ranges in meters supplement the data obtained by the above sources. above sea level are also presented. For range expansions Specimens preserved were deposited at UCR and 987 Angulo et al. | Freshwater !shes of Costa Rica the most speciose families. By far, the vast majority of museum specimens that are associated with the species of interest. Finally, comments are provided for species supposed tolerance to salinity, are peripheral (63.2%), where annotations are necessary in the remarKs section followed by secondary (23.6%); only 13.2% are primary (e.g. nomenclatural notes, range extensions, conservation or obligate freshwater. status, etc.). peripheral species, two (Ophisternon aenigmaticum and Poeciliopsis santaelena) are secondary species and only Bryconamericus gonzalezi is a primary species. Twenty-four species appear to be endemic to the country (Amphilophus bussingi, A. diquis, Brachyrhaphis olomina, B. rhabdophora, Bryconamericus terrabensis, Cryptoheros myrnae, C. sajica, Cynodonichthys fuscolineatus, C. glaucus, C. siegfriedi, species), Poeciliidae (23 species), Gobiidae (22 species), Eleotris tubularis, Gobiesox fulvus, Hyphessobrycon (TO), Parismina (PA), Matina (MA), Sixaola (SI), Isla del Coco (IC), Nicoya (NI), Tempisque (TE), Bebedero (BE), Barranca (BA), Tárcoles (TA), Pirrís (PI), 988 Angulo et al. | Freshwater !shes of Costa Rica quadripunctatus, Poeciliopsis paucimaculata, P. santaelena, Atractosteus tropicus Priapichthys annectens, Pseudocheirodon Térrabae, Pterobrycon myrnae, Roeboides ilseae, Sicydium adelum Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río and S. cocoensis). Finally, in addition to the native species, Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Parismina. Micropterus salmoides, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oreochromis niloticus, Poecilia reticulata, Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Xiphophorus variatus), included in eigth genera, three families and two orders, are also found in the country. Peripheral. Elops 5. Addition to fauna. Peripheral. 2011). Eight specimens have been collected in freshwaters Carcharhinus Peripheral. 1. Carcharhinus leucas Megalops Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río 6. Megalops atlanticus sábalo real (61). Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río m. Peripheral. Pristis Peripheral. 2. Pristis pectinata Albula Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, San Albula vulpes RemarKs: This species has been reported in the Addition to fauna. Caribbean coast of Costa Rica by Distribution: Atlantic slope: Matina. 0-2 m. RemarKs: This species has been reported in the Nicaragua, and its major branch, the Colorado River, Costa 2010). Four specimens have been collected in freshwaters Rica. Other freshwater records in Caribbean drainages River, Guatemala (Thorson et al River, Honduras (Matamoros et al Peripheral. Anguilla 3. Pristis pristis Anguilla rostrata Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río Frío, Matina and Sixaola. 0-20 m. Peripheral. Myrophis Secondary. Myrophis punctatus Atractosteus eel, tieso gusano. Addition to fauna. 989 Angulo et al. | Freshwater !shes of Costa Rica Distribution: Atlantic slope: Matina. 0-3 m. drainage. RemarKs: This species has been reported in the Peripheral. Anchoa 15. Anchoa curta 10. Myrophis vafer anchovy, anchoa pelada. Addition to fauna. 2011). One specimen has been collected in freshwaters in the Palo Seco River and the Quebrada Vueltas River, drainage. 16. Anchoa lucida anchovy, anchoa bocona. Addition to fauna. Peripheral. Dorosoma 2011). One specimen has been collected in freshwaters in 11. Dorosoma chavesi Anchovia Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río Anchovia macrolepidota m. anchovy, anchoa de escama grande. Addition to fauna. Lile 12. (Schreiner and Miranda Ribeiro, 2011). One specimen has been collected in freshwaters Atlantic piquitinga, sardina piquitinga. Addition to fauna. drainage. Distribution: Atlantic slope: Sixaola. 0-66 m. RemarKs: One specimen has been collected in Anchoviella freshwaters in the Quebrada Biei River (UCR 1531-10), Sixaola drainage. This species is known only from Nueva Anchoviella elongata Elongate anchovy, anchoveta alargada. Addition to fauna. and Lake Papary near Natal south to Bahia and Espirito Distribution: Atlantic slope: Tortuguero and Parismina. 0-5 m. north range extension of the known distribution in the RemarKs: This species has been reported in the western Atlantic. 2010). Ten specimens have been collected in freshwaters 13. herring, sardina rayada. Addition to fauna. 2011). Forty-eight specimens have been collected in the Tortuguero Lagoon, Tortuguero drainage. Lycengraulis Atlantic Sardinella sabretooth anchovy, anchoa dientona. Addition to fauna. Distribution: Atlantic slope: Tortuguero. 0-3 m. Sardinella brasiliensis RemarKs: This species has been reported in the Distribution: Atlantic slope: Tortuguero. 0-3 m. 2010). One specimen has been collected in freshwaters RemarKs: This species has been reported in the drainage. 2010). Eight specimens have been collected in freshwaters 990 Angulo et al. | Freshwater !shes of Costa Rica Primary. 25. Astyanax aeneus Carassius Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, 20. Carassius auratus carpa dorada (23). and Coto. 0-1000 m. RemarKs: Originally introduced from Asia, this species 26. Astyanax cocibolca ; heard of specimens reaching other waters. Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río Cyprinus m. A. cocibolca from 21. Cyprinus carpio that he previously considered as A. nasutus. This species Taiwan in an attempt to strengthen aquaculture activities Astyanax orthodus freshwaters in an unknown pond name in Alajuela (UCR Distribution: Atlantic slope: Sixaola. 1-60 m. Bramocharax Primary. Bramocharax bransfordii Cyphocharax Distribution: Atlantic slope: Lago de Nicaragua, Río 22. Cyphocharax magdalenae Parismina. 5-530 m. Carp headstander, capani (126). Bramocharax to be monophyletic and derived from some Astyanax species. On the other hand, Ornelas-García et al Primary. that this genus is not monophyletic and considered all Bramocharax species as morphotypes of