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Upper Albian Ammonites from Odp Leg 171B Off Northern Florida

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Upper Albian Ammonites from Odp Leg 171B Off Northern Florida UPPER ALBIAN AMMONITES FROM ODP LEG 171B OFF NORTHERN FLORIDA by JENS LEHMANN ABSTRACT. ODP Leg 171B investigated the sediments of the Blake Plateau off northern Florida and recovered 36 Upper Albian ammonites – one from Site 1050C, the others from Site 1052E. This unusually large number of specimens from an ODP site permits the dating of the interval between 668 to 621 m below sea-floor at Site 1052E as late Late Albian, Stoliczkaia (S.) dispar ammonite zone. This zone is indicated by the genera Mortoniceras and Stoliczkaia (S.). Site 1050C (Interval 171B-1050C-31R-3, 0·80–0·86 m) cannot be dated more precisely than Late Aptian to Mid Cenomanian by ammonites. The fauna is cosmopolitan. Tetragonites jurinianus and Puzosia mayoriana are widely distributed forms. Kossmatella muhlenbecki was thought to be restricted to a fairly small area around the Mediterranean, but the record off northern Florida presented here, indicates that it is not an endemic species; this is also true for Hemiptychoceras subgaultinum in the Albian. The event-like character of the ammonite-bearing interval at Site 1052E is unique. It is overlain by a laminated claystone succession; the top of this sequence is considered to represent maximum flooding (Oceanic Anoxic Event, OAE 1d). Ammonites perhaps profited from an increased nutrient supply derived from flooded coastal plains during a continuous transgression. C RETACEOUS ammonites from DSDP and ODP material have rarely been described (e.g. Wiedmann and Neugebauer 1978; Renz 1983; Young 1984) because they are generally too widely scattered to be recovered in borehole (drill) cores. In February 1997, several ammonites were recovered during ODP Leg 171B at the edge of the Blake Plateau off northern Florida, in the western Atlantic (Shipboard Scientific Party 1998a, p. 1052, fig. 14; Text-fig. 1). I resampled the ammonite-bearing interval at the Bremen Core Repository (BCR), Germany in December 1997. Thirty-five specimens were recovered from Cores 1052E- 57R–51R [668–621 m below sea floor (mbsf)]. The assemblage indicates the Upper Albian, upper Stoliczkaia (S.) dispar Zone and provides important new stratigraphical data, as well as data on ammonite palaeobiogeography and palaeoenvironmental conditions. PRESERVATION In ODP material, often only the aptychi of ammonites are preserved (e.g. Renz 1979) because the Mesozoic rocks at many sites were deposited below the aragonite compensation depth. Consequently, the common occurrence of ammonites in the Upper Albian at Site 1052E (Text-fig. 1) is striking and the event- like character of their occurrence has to be explained. All of the ammonites from Site 1052E are crushed and commonly flattened, and their original nacreous shell is preserved. This indicates deposition above the aragonite compensation depth. In some cases, internal moulds are coated by pyrite. The single fragment (Sample 171B-1050C-31R-3W, 0·80–0·86 m) from Site 1050C is a three- dimensional, pyritic steinkern with remains of the shell attached. This preservation also indicates deposition above the aragonite compensation depth. All specimens are preserved in the collections of the Bremen Core Repository, Cores 1052E-57R–51R (668–621 mbsf) and 1050C-31R-3W, 0·80–0·86 m. Only material that is of palaeogeographical and/or stratigraphical importance is included in the Systematic Palaeontology section, but other less significant taxa are shown in Table 1 and Text-figure 2. [Palaeontology, Vol. 43, Part 1, 2000, pp. 41–61, 1 pl.] q The Palaeontological Association 42 PALAEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 43 TEXT-FIG. 1. Sketch map showing the ODP Leg 171B Blake Nose drilling area in the western North Atlantic with position of transect drill sites and the multichannel seismic line (MCS Line) TD 5. Ammonites have been sampled from sites 1050 and 1052; spots NE of Site 1052 are adjacent Sites 1053 and 1051, spot NE of Site 1050 is Site 1049 (DSDP 390). Modified after Shipboard Scientific Party (1998b, figs 1, 20). STRATIGRAPHICAL IMPLICATIONS The present material represents a typical late Late Albian ammonite fauna and undoubtedly can be referred to the Stoliczkaia (S.) dispar Zone of the European ammonite zonal scheme (e.g. Owen 1984; Hancock 1991). The ammonite assemblage shows similarities to middle and upper S.(S.) dispar Zone (respectively the Mortoniceras (Durnovarites) perinflatum Subzone and Arrhaphoceras (Praeschloenbachia) briacen- sis Subzone) faunas of the proposed stratotype for the Albian–Cenomanian boundary at Mont Risou, south-east France (Gale et al. 1996). In fact, with the exception of Tetragonites jurinianus, all ammonites from Site 1052E that have been determined at species level (Kossmatella muhlenbecki, Puzosia mayoriana and Hemiptychoceras subgaultinum also occur at Mont Risou). There is no evidence of the older subzone of M.(M.) rostratum. A correlation with previously described ammonite faunas from DSDP Leg 40 off western Africa (Wiedmann and Neugebauer 1978) is not possible. These included the Upper Albian ammonites Puzosia quenstedti (Parona and Bonarelli, 1897), Cainoceras sp. nov. ex aff. liberum van Hoepen, 1942 and Puzosia mayoriana (d’Orbigny, 1841). Only the last-named is reported herein from Leg 171B. Young (1984) assigned faunas from Sites 535 and 540 of DSDP Leg 77 in the Gulf of Mexico to the LEHMANN: UPPER ALBIAN AMMONITES 43 TEXT-FIG. 2. Ammonite occurrences at ODP Leg 171B, Site 1052E. C, Cenomanian; Ss, Substage; N, nannofossil zone; F, foraminifer zone; AZ, ammonite zone; AS, ammonite subzone. Lithological section modified after Shipboard Scientific Party (1998a, fig. 1). Upper Albian, ‘Stoliczkaia dispar and/or Arrhaphoceras substuderi zones’. These faunas, including Hypophylloceras cf. guillantoni (Collignon, 1932), an indeterminate lytoceratid, Stomohamites cf. virgulatus (Brongniart, 1822), Turrilitoides sp. juv. cf. T. toucasi (He´bert and Munier-Chalmas, 1875), and Scaphites sp. nov. aff. S. simplex Jukes-Browne, 1875, are dominated by heteromorphs, and have no genera in common with Leg 171B. Integration of ammonite, microfossil and nannofossil stratigraphy in the Upper Albian is unsatisfactory on a global scale. Mont Risou is the best section for comparison with the present data, since macrofossils, microfossils and calcareous nannofossils (Gale et al. 1996) of a large part of the Upper Albian S. (S.) dispar Zone there have been investigated. Correlation of planktonic foraminiferal events at Site 1052E, Leg 171B (data from Shipboard Scientific Party 1998c, Table 7) and the Mont Risou succession (shown in Text-fig. 4) indicates that the present ammonite fauna is from the M.(D.) perinflatum Subzone rather than the A.(P.) briacensis Subzone. 44 PALAEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 43 TABLE 1. Ammonites from ODP Leg 171B, sites 1052E and 1050C. Material from Leg 171B, site 1052E Core Sc cm no. of specimens Hamites cf. duplicatus 51 1 50 or 54 1 Anagaudryceras ? 52 2 51 or 53 1 Desmoceras cf. latidorsatum 52 1 114–116 1 Kossmatella sp. 53 5 80 1 Puzosia mayoriana 53 4 94 1 Zelandites cf. odiense 53 4 91 1 Hemiptychoceras subgaultinum 53 3 60 1 Puzosia mayoriana 53 2 48 1 Tetragonites sp. 53 1 126 1 Kossmatella muhlenbecki 53 1 93 1 Hamites ? 53 1 23 1 Hamites ? 54 2 126 or 127 1 Hemiptychoceras subgaultinum 54 CC* 40–41 1 ammonite, indet. 55 6 63 1 Hemiptychoceras subgaultinum 55 6 36 1 Zelandites ? 55 6 25 1 ammonite, indet. 55 5 96 1 Puzosia ? 55 5 95 1 Lechites ? 55 4 104 1 lytoceratid ammonit, indet. 55 4 87·5 1 ammonite, indet. 55 64 85·5 2 Puzosia ? 55 4 85·5 1 Stoliczkaia (Stoliczkaia) sp. 55 4 62 1 Tetragonites ? 55 4 48 1 Puzosia mayoriana 55 4 30 1 Phyllopachyceras sp. 55 4 0–2·5 1 Puzosia sp. juv. 55 3 140 1 Tetragonites jurinianus 55 3 c. 62 1 Mortoniceras sp. 55 3 59·5 2 Puzosia sp. juv. 55 2 10 1 Kossmatella muhlenbecki 55 1 141 1 Lechites ? 55 1 132 1 Desmoceras ? 55 1 117·5 1 Hemiptychoceras subgaultinum 57 6 73 1 Material from Leg 171B, site 1050C Phylloceras sp. 31 3W 80–86 1 *CC ¼ core catcher This interpretation, based on correlation of planktonic foraminifera events, can be confirmed by calcareous nannofossils (Text-Fig. 4). In the Mont Risou section, the boundary between nannofossil subzones CC9a and 9b and that between M.(D.) perinflatum and A.(P.) briacensis ammonite subzones are almost coincident (Text-fig. 4; Gale et al. 1996, fig. 2). According to the nannofossil data at Site 1052E (Shipboard Scientific Party 1998a, fig. 20 and Text-fig. 2), this boundary is more than 90 m above the top of the ammonite-bearing interval (Text-fig. 4). Although ranges of planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils are comparable between the proposed stratotype at Mont Risou and Site 1052E, integration of the planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil stratigraphy is still problematic. According to Bralower et al. (1995, fig. 7), the first occurrence of the foraminiferal zonal marker LEHMANN: UPPER ALBIAN AMMONITES 45 Biticinella breggiensis correlates with the boundary between calcareous nannofossil zones CC9a and 9b but this species already occurs at 682·57 m below sea floor at Site 1052E, a level which is believed to represent calcareous nannofossil zone CC8b (Shipboard Scientific Party 1998c, table 7 and fig. 20). The single ammonite recovered from Site 1050C of Leg 171B (Table 1; sample 171B-1050C-31R-3W, 0·80–0·86 m) is identified as Phylloceras sp. of the long-ranging Suborder Phylloceratina. According to planktonic foraminifera, this sample comes from the Upper Albian, Rotalipora ticinensis Zone (Shipboard Scientific Party 1998c, p. 121, fig. 29). If the interval (605·39–577·3 m below sea floor) characterized by common R. ticinensis at Site 1050C (Shipboard Scientific Party 1998c, p. 126) and at Mont Risou correspond (Gale et al. 1996, fig. 7), the horizon of the specimen is older than, or as old as, the lower Arrhaphoceras (Praeschloenbachia) briacensis Subzone (Stoliczkaia (S.) dispar Zone).
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