Transactions and Proceedings

of the Palaeontological Society of Japan

New Series No. 97

Palaeon tolog ical Society of Japan April 30, 1975 Editor Takashi HAMADA Associate Editor Ikuwo OBATA

Officers for 1975 - 1976

Honorary President: Teiichi KOBAYASHI President: Tatsuro MATSUMOTO Councillors (*Executive): *Kazuo ASAMA, Kiyoshi ASANO, *Kiyotaka CHINZEI, *Takashi HAMADA, *Tetsuro HANAI, *1 taru HAY AMI, Tadao KAMEl, *Kametoshi KANMERA, *Tamio KOTAKA, *Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tokio SHIKAMA, Tsugio SHUTO, *Yokichi TAKAYANAGI, Toshimasa TANAI, *Hiroshi UJIIE Executive Committee: General Affairs: Tetsuro HANAI, Itaru HAYAMI, Kiyotaka CHINZEI, Saburo KANNO, Y asuhide IWASAKI Membership: Kazuo ASAMA, Kazuhiko UEMURA Finance: Hiroshi UJIIE Planning: Tamio KOTAKA, Hiroshi NODA Publications Transactions: Takashi HAMADA, Ikuwo OBATA Special Papers ~ Kametoshi KANMERA, Ienori FUJIY AMA, Tomowo OZAWA "Fossils": Yokichi TAKAYANAGI, Toshiaki TAKAYAMA

Fossil on the cover is the six leaves in a whorl of Trizygia oblongifolia (GERM. & KAULF.) ASAMA from the Maiya formation (Parafusulina zone), Maiya, N. E. Japan.

All communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN c/o Business Center for Academic Societies, Japan Yayoi 2-4-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Sole agent: University of Tokyo Press, Hongo, Tokyo Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 97, pp. 1-6, April 30, 1975

AMMONITOLOGY IN JAPAN-A HISTORICAL REVIEW

(Presidential address, Palaeontological Society of Japan, 1975)

TATSURO MATSUMOTO

Department of Geology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812

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The history of' researches on ammo­ under a strong influence of L. F. SPATH'S nites in our country may be divided in works. It is subdivisible into two sub­ four major stages, depending much on stages. The earlier half, for 1920-1935, the world development of palaeontology is characterized by SHIMIZU'S activity and also on the activities by Japanese (,26a-b, 27a-b, 30a-d, 31a-c, 32, 34, 35a-b), palaeontologists for generations. besides works by Y ABE and SHIMIZU (,21, The first stage, until 1915, is charac­ 24, 25a-b, 26a-b, 27), YEHARA (,25, 26, 28), terized by monographic works. The am­ SHIMIZU and JIMBO (,33), TOKUNAGA and monites obtained by pioneers' geological SHIMIZU (,26), KAWADA (,29) NAGAO (,31a­ reconnaissance in various parts of Japan b, 32a-b) and KOBAYASHI ('35) for the des­ were described by MOJSISOVICS (1889), criptions of Mesozoic ammonites. These YOKOYAMA (1890, 1904a, b), JIMBO (1894), were within the framework of the sys­ Y ABE (1901-2, 1903-4, 1909, 10, 14, 15) tematics proposed by SPATH, who seemed and DIENER (1915). The results were to have classified the Ammonoidea on his useful for the age determination of Meso­ philosophical basis of iterative evolution, zoic formations. Two interesting hetero­ and other authorities in Europe and morph genera, Pravitoceras and Nippo­ America. nites, were discovered by Y ABE (1901, 4) The biostratigraphic results in this in this stage. For some reasons (probably stage were summarized by Y ABE and affected by W orId War I), there is a SHIMIZU ('33) for the Triassic, MABUTI blank of activity for 1916-1920, but an ('33) for the Jurassic and Y ABE (,27) and issue of a revised textbook of palaeonto­ SHIMIZU (,31, 35) for the Cretaceous. logy (in Japanese) by YOKOYAMA in 1920. Only a species of Permian ammonite was The second stage, from 1920 to 1950 is reported in this substage (MABUTI, '35).

1 2 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

The later half, 1935-1950, is represented MATSUMOTO et a1. (,52, 66, 68, 69), NAKAI by a number of shorter papers, for in­ and HADA (,66), NAKAI and MATSUMOTO stance HAYASAKA (,40) on two Permian (,68), NODA (,72), SATO (,61) and T AKA­ species, Y ABE (,49) on an uncoiled (?) HASHI (,73) on the Lower Cretaceous ones, Triassic ammonite, KOBAYASHI (,47), Ko­ HAYASAKA and FUKADA (,51), WRIGHT BAYASHI and FUKADA ('47a-c) and FUKA­ and MATSUMOTO (,54), MATSUMOTO ('53, DA ('50) for some Jurassic ones, and 54a-b, 55b-c, 56, 57, 59, 60, 63, 65a-b, 67, MATSUMOTO'S (1936, 38a-c, 42a-d, 47) 69, 70a-b, 71, 73b, 75) MATSUMOTO et al. preliminary results of studies on Creta­ (,53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 63a-b, 64, 66, 67a-b, ceous ammonites. The apparently less 69, 72, 75) OBATA (,65), SAITO (,58-59,61- active situation was complementary with 62), HASHIMOTO ('73), HIRANO ('75) and very active works by KOBAYASHI on TANABE ('75) on the Upper Cretaceous Lower Palaeozoic nautiloid cephalopods ones. Some of these works have contri­ from China and Korea and on non-marine buted to improve considerably the taxo­ fossils from the Mesozoic of East Asia. nomic framework of certain families, e. g. ' The field works, as exemplified by MA TSU­ Desmoceratidae, Pachydiscidae, Kossmati­ MOTO ('42-43) and MATSUMOTO and ONO ceratidae, Acanthoceratidae, Collignon i­ ('47), however, constructed foundations ceratidae, Nostoceratidae and Otocerati­ for further advances in the next stage. dae. The research works in the third stage, The biostratigraphic results are also since 1951, have been much stimulated significant in establishing a reference by international exchange of knowledge, scale for the circum-Pacific areas and aided by publications of such compre­ also in attempting zonal correlation with hensive works as the Treatise, the Osnovy other standard or reference scales of the etc., and by airway transportation. A world, although there are further pro­ great number of papers have been pub­ blems to be settled. lished for the up-to-date descriptions of In the third stage the activities of ammonites from Japan :-HAYASAKA (,54, Japanese palaeontologists are extended 63), IGO (,64), Y ANAGISA WA ('67), NISHIDA overseas to the ammonite faunas and ('71) and BANDO ('75) on some Carboni­ type-specimens from certain areas as seen ferous and Permian ones, which are still in the results of NAKAZAWA and BANDO awaiting further descriptions; NAKA­ (,68), KAPOOR and BANDO (,74), BANDO ZA WA and SHIMIZU (,55), NAKAZA w A (,57, (,75), ISHIBASHI (,75), SATO (,61a-b, 63, 58a-b, 64, 71) (S. W. Japan), SAKAGAMI 72, 75), KOMALARJUN and SA TO (,64), (,55), KUMMEL and SAKAGAMI ('60) (Iwai), MATSUMOTO (,55, 59b, 59-60a-c, 60, 66a-b, ONUKI and BANDO (,59a-b), BANDO ('64a-. 73a), MATSUMOTO et al. (,58, 65, 66, 67, c, 66, 67a-b, 68a-b, 70,71,73), BANDO et a1. 69), and OBA T A et al. (,75). They have (,70, 74) (Kitakami etc.), and ISHIBASHI contributed to the. knowledge of inter­ (,70, 72, 73, 75) (Okinawa and Tanoura) on national correlation and world palaeo­ the Triassic ammonites; SATO (,54a-b, 55, biogeography. 56, 57, 58, 59, 61c-d, 62a-c, 72,74), SATO The fourth stage has started already, and KANIE (,63), SUZUKI and SA TO (,72), overlapping the third, and will continue MATSUMOTO (,56), MATSUMOTO and HIRA­ further on. By this I would mean the T A (,70), TAKAHASHI (,69, 73) and HIRANO gradually increased importance laid on (,71, 73a-b) on the Jurassic ones; OBATA palaeobiological studies. SCHINDEWOLF'S ('67a-b, 69, 73, 75), OBATA et al. (,75), (1968) comments on ammonitology may Ammonitology in Japan 3 mark a stimulating milestone for this as compared with commonly known trend. larger shells of the Puzosiinae have been To understand the lively ammonoids it recently reported by MATSUMOTO et al. is important to study the shell structure, ('72). JORDAN and I not'ice examples of its ontogenetic development, its functional injured ammo"nites from Japan. < This kind morphology, its relation to the soft part, of study (not yet published) would give as well as the soft body itself. The information on whereabouts of anatomic­ analysis from population to population on ally important portion of the soft body the stratigraphically well sorted material, and also on the mode of life. A palaeo­ combined with palaeoecology and palaeo· biochemical study, attempted by FUJI­ biogeography, would be essential to know WARA (,61) on an ammonite, awaits ad­ the true state of evolution in the Ammo­ vances in proper way. noidea. The results would give founda­ On the basis of the favourable material tions for more natural classification and of fossil population in a zone of the Iku­ more precise zonation or correlation, as shumbetsu sequence OBATA ('65) studied well. the ontogeny and allometry of Reesidites Along these lines the works done in minimus and its relation to Subpriono­ our country are still in the infancy, al­ cyclus normalis from the underlying zone though there were some. SHIMIZU (29, 34) (Turonian). This is going to be improved once examined through microsection the by REYMENT ('75) by more precise mathe­ siphuncle and other shell characters in matical treatment. TANABE ('75) attempts early ontogeny on some well preserved to clarify the chronological change of ammonites from Hokkaido and Sakhalin. shell characters and its functional mean­ This was an adventurous attempt but ing in Turonian species of Otoscaphites has been little developed further, until and ScaPhites from Hokkaido. This would HIRANO's ('75) recent recommencement serve as a step for further improvement on similar material by means of up-to­ of the concept of the life zone of ammo­ date methods. OBATA ('59, 60) has illu­ nite species, as suggested by HAY AMI strated through longitudinal section the ('73). formula of spiral growth in some ammo­ The above works may foreshadow a nites which show more than one phases fraction of the activity in the fourth in ontogenetic changes. On several oc­ stage and I would hope further develop­ casions I endeavoured to make clear the ment in paiaeobiological aspects of ammo­ ontogenetic development of sutures in nitology, keeping pace with the advances certain genera and the results have been in taxonomic and biostratigraphic as­ used by SCHINDEWOLF for his compre­ pects. hensive and systematic treatment. Dimorphism in ammonite species has References recently received special attention. Al­ References are omitted for brevity. See though positive evidence has not been the chronological table (appendix) and also given for the interpretation of sexual the bibliography in the Palaeont. Soc; Japan dimorphism with the material from Japan, SPecial Papers Nos. 1, 9 and the forthcoming examples of lappet-bearing smaller forms issue. 4 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO Appendix Data for a historical review of ammon ito logy in Japan -Chronological table of works (shortened titles)-

Abbreviation: Amm. =Ammonites, ammonoid, Cr. =Cretaceous, Jr. = Jurassic, Tr. =Triassic, L.=Lower, M.=Middle, Up.=Upper, F=formation, J=in Japanese, *=Palaeobiological work

1876. (LYMAN: Geol. sketch map Yesso.) 1928. YEHARA: L. Tr. Ceph. Shikoku 1889. MOJSISOVICS: Japan. Trias-Fossilien 1929. KAWADA: 2 Amm. from Naibuchi; 1890. NEUMAYR: Jura in NAUMANN & NEu- *SHIMIZU: Siphuncle [J] MAYR: Geol. Pal. Japan; YOKOYAMA: 1930. SHIMIZU: Tr. Amm. Sakawa; Anisic Verstein. japan. Kreide Amm. Kitakami; Ladinic Amm. Rifu; 1894. JIMBO: Kreide Hokkaido; YOKOYAMA: SHIMIZU: 2 Tithon. sp. Perisphinctes Text-book [J] [ZITTEL, 1876-93: Hand­ from Koike (Soma) buch] 1931. SHIMIZU: Carnic Proarcestes Shikoku; 1900. [HYATT Cephalopoda in ZITTEL-EAST­ Tithon. Streblites, Koike (Soma) ; SHI­ MAN'S Text-book] MIZU: L. Cr. Amm. Japan; NAGAO: 1901-2. YABE : 3 Up. Cr. Amm. (=Pravitoceras) Cr. Anaptychus like bodies; Anaptychus 1903-4. YABE: Cr. Ceph. Hokkaido, I-II (= & Aptychus Nipponites) 1932. NAGAO: Jr. Cornaptychus; Desmoceras­ 1904. YOKOYAMA: Jr. fossils Rikuzen; Jr. operculum; SHIMIZU: Senon. Amm. Amm. Echizen & Nagato Pseudobarroisiceras 1907. Y AKOY AMA: Text-book [J] 1933. YABE & SHIMIZU: Tr. deposits Japan; 1909. YABE: Strati. & Pal. Ob. Kreide Hok- SHIMIZU & JIMBO: L. Tr. Amm. Tao kaido & Sakhalin [J]; MABUTI: Jr. strati. S. Kitakami 1910. Y ABE: Scaphiten Hokkaido 1934. *SHIMIZU in SHIMIZU & OBATA, T.: 1914. Y ABE: Amm. Tosa (Shikoku) Cephalopoda [J] [Iwanami series]; 1915. DIENER: Triasfaunen; Y ABE: Cr. *NAGAO & SAITO: Septal features fossils Awaji & Toyajo 1935. MABUTl: Stacheoceras from Kitakami [1914-18 World War I] (Perm.); KOBAYASHI: Jr. Torinosu; SHIMIZU: So-called Hamites; Up. Cr. 1920. YOKOYAMA: Revised Text-book of Ceph. Japan, I palaeontology [J] [Pal. Soc. Japan established] 1921. YABE & SHIMIZU: Cr. Amm. Japan & Calif. 1936. MATSUMOTO: So-called Pachydiscus 1924. Y ABE & SHIMIZU: Brahamites Sakhalin egertoni 1925. YEHARA: L. Tr. Amm. Nomura (Shi­ 1938. MATSUMOTO: Goshora fauna (= Pseud­ koku); Y ABE & SHIMIZU: Crioceras ouhligella); MATSUMOTO: Zelandites; from Oshima; Prionotropidae, I Naibuchi biostrati. 1926. YEHARA: Tr. Fauna Sakawa (Shi­ 1940. HAYASAKA: 2 Amm. Kitakami koku); Y ABE & SHIMIZU: Parapachy­ (Perm.) ; NAGAO: Praestriaptychus discus; SHIMIZU in YABE et al.: Cr. (Jr.) Moll. Sanchu Graben; SHIMIZU: 3 in­ 1941. *MATSUMOTO: Interspecific relation­ teresting Cr. Amm.; Choshi Cr. [J]; ships [J] TOKUNAGA & SHIMIZU': Cr. Futaba 1942. MATsuMoTO: Notes on Desmocera­ [Pan-Pacific Sci. Congr. Tokyo] tinae; Gaudryceratidae; Tetragoni­ 1927. YABE & SHIMIZU :Tr. fauna Rifu; tidae; Phylloceratidae SHIMIZU: Remarks on 2 Amm. Sakawa; 42-43. MATSUMOTO: Fundamentals in Cr. Perisphinctes from Soma; YABE: Cr. Strati. Stratigr. Japan. lsI. [1939-45 World War II] Ammonitology in Japan 5

1947. KOBAYASHI & FUKADA: Ataxioceras; ensis; Tr. system Maizuru; SATO: Katroliceras; Discosphinctes; MATSU­ Shizukawa, supplement; MATSUMOTO MOTO & ONO: Biostrati. Jr. Toyora & MILLER: Cr. Amm. Kansas [JJ; KOBAYASHI: Seymourites & Jr. 58-59. SAITO, T.: Cr. fossils Nakaminato, I­ palaeogeography; MATSUMOTO: L. Cr. II Amm. Yuasa. [J] 1959. NAKAZAWA: 2 ceph. Nariwa; ONUKI 1949. YABE: Rikuzenites from Tr. Kita­ & BAN DO : M. Tr.. Amm. Rifu; Tr. kami; FUKADA: Atlas Jr. Amm. [J] Amm. Isatomae; SA TO : Berriasian in 1950. FUKADA: Perisphinctes ozikensis Kitakami; *OBATA: ·Croissance rela­

.. -----.-.------~------.. ------.--...... _---._ ..... __ ...... tive sur Desmoc.; MATSUMOTO: Zona­ 1951. [Pa!. Soc. Japan, Trans. Proc. N.S. tion of Up. Cr. Japan; Cr. Amm. No.1; Special Pap. No. 1J Alaska HAYASAKA & FUKADA: Ontogeny of 59-60. MATSUMOTO: Up. Cr. Amm. California, Barroisiceras minimum; MATSUMOTO I-III & MAEDA, Y. : Pachydiscus from Awaji 1960. KU?,.,IMEL.& SAKAGAMI: Mid-Scyth. [J] Amm. Iwai; SATO: Courants ocea­ 1952. MATSUMOTO et a!.: Cr. Amm. un­ niques fro ids Jr. Japonais; MATSU­ divided Meso. MOTO: Graysonites from Kyushu; 1953. MATSUMOTO & HASHIMOTO: Pseud­ Type Amm. Cr. Gulf Coast [J]; aspidoceras; MATSUMOTO: Ontogeny *OBA T A: Spirale de Amm. of Metaplacenticeras 1961. [Pa!. Soc. Japan: Catalogue of Type 1954. HAYASAKA: Young. Palaeoz. Ceph. specimensJ Kitakami; SATO: Tmetoceras; Ham­ SATO: Aalen. Amm. Mae Sot, Thai!.; matoceras Kitakami; MATSUMOTO Oxf. Amm. Mindoro, Phi!.; SATO: Jr.­ (ed.) : Cr. System japan. Is!.; Selected Cr.; Berr. & Tith. fauna; *Ft:'JIWARA: Cr. leading Amm.; MATSUMOTO & Amino-acid Cr. Amm. [J] SAITO, R. : Smooth Pachyd. ; WRIGHT & 61-62. SAITO, Toshio: Up. Cr. Ibaraki & MATSUMOTO: Doubtful Cr. Amm. Fukushima, I-II; genera; MATSUMOTO: Puzosiidae; Ko­ 1962. SATO: Biostr. Amm. Jr. Japon; Jr. BAYASHI et a!.: Palaeont. I [J] -Asa­ Jap.-Amm. Zones; Zones d'Amm. Jr. kura [JJ; MATSUMOTO & UEDA in UEDA: 1955. NAKAZA WA & SI-llll-IlZU: Glyptophiceras Type Himenoura from Hyogo; SAKAGAMI: L. Tr. 1963. [Pal. Soc. Japan: Revision of Classical Amm. Iwai; SATO: Amm. Kuruma MonographsJ (L. Jr.); MATSUMOTO: Evolution of HAYASAKA: Perm. Amm. Kitakami; Peronicera tidae ; MATSUMOTO: Koss­ SATO: Amm. Tr. Malaisie; SATO & maticeratida.e; Bituberculate Pachyd. ; KANIE: Lillaetia; MATSUMOTO & MATSUMOTO & OBATA, I.: Up. Cr. OBATA: Baculitidae;* Baculites-facies Desmoceratidae [J]; MATSU:\WTO & OBATA: Bevahites 1956. SATO: Karakuwa (M. Jr.) ; Correlation from Shikoku; *MATSUMOTO: Ontoge­ L. Jr. [J]; MATSUMOTO: Yebisites (L. ny & evolution [J] Jr.) ; MATSUMOTO: Kossmaticeratidae, 1964. IGo: Goniatites Hida; MURATA: Kano­ further notes; MATSUMOTO & SAITO, kura (list of Perm. Ceph.); NAKA­ R. : Cenomanian Damesites ZAWA: Anisian fauna Shikoku; BANDO: 1957. NAKAZAWA: Monophyllites [JJ; SATO: L. Tr. and Tr.-Perm. [J]; Tr. Strati. Shizukawa (L. Jr.); MATSUMOTO: & Amm. fauna Japan; Mid. Tr. ceph. Turonian Damesites; MATSUMOTO, Jap.; KOMALARJUN & SATO: Aalen. SAITO & FUKADA: Some Acantho­ (Jr.) Amm. Mae Sot, Thai!.; MATSU­ ceratids MOTO et a!.: Yabeiceras; MATSUMOTO: 1958. NAKAZAWA: Monophyllites arakur- Cr. Ceph. faunal changes [J] 6 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO

1965. MATSUMOTO et al.: Buried Cr. W. [1]; MATSUMOTO: Collignoniceratidae, Taiwan; MATSUMOTO: ColJignonicer­ IV; Uncommon keeled Amm. atidae, I-II; *OBATA: Allometry of 1971. NISHIDA: Carbo Amm. Akiyoshi; BAN­ Reesidites minimus DO: Otoceratidae [1]; NAKAZAWA: L. 1966. BANDO: Note on Tr. Amm. ; NAKAI & Tr. Kurotaki fauna (Shikoku) ; HIRA­ HADA: Apt. Amm. Shimanto; MATSU­ NO: Biostrati. Jr. Toyora, I; MATSU­ MOTO et al.: Mesoz. Amm. Amami­ MOTO: ColJignoniceratidae, V Oshima; MATSUMOTO & OBATA: 1972. ISHIBASHI: Up. Tr. Ceph. Tanoura Acanthoc. Sakhalin; MATSUMOTO: (Kyushu); SATO: Bajoc. Amm. Kita­ Amm. Cura~ao; MATSUMOTO, SASTRY kami; SUZUKI & SATO: Jr. Amm. & SARKAR: Notes on Cr. Amm. S. Toriashi [1]; SA TO: Amm. Toarcien India, I; MATSUMOTO: Amm. flaccidi­ Saigon; NODA: Amm. (Berriasel/a) costa, Texas; MATSUMOTO & NODA: Yamabu (Kyushu) ; SHIKAMA & Suzu­ Amm. bravaisianus KI : Choshi Cr. [J]; MATSUMOTO et al. : 1967. Y ANAGISA WA: Geol. Pal. Takakura­ Cenomanian gaudryc. Amm.; *MATSU­ yama (Perm.); BAN DO : Tr. Amm. MOTO et al.: 2 small desmoc. Amm. Inai; M. Tr. Amm. & strati. [1]; 1973. BAN DO: Otoceratidae & Ophiceratidae; OBATA: Valdedorsella Miyako; Sile­ ISHIBASHI: Up. Tr. Amm. Okinawa, sitids (Miyakoceras); MATSUMOTO: II; HIRANO: Biostr. Jr. Toyora, II-III; Nostoceratidae; MATSUMOTO & KANI­ TAKAHASHI: Up. Jr.-L. Cr. Amm. Iso­ E: Ainoceras; MATSUMOTO & MURA­ kusa (Kitakami); OBATA: Pseudoley­ MOTO: 2 heteromorph Amm.; SUYARI meriella from Miyako; HASHIMOTO: et al.: Shimanto [1]; MATSUMOTO & Hourcquia from Abeshinai (Hokkaido) ; SASTRY: Notes on Cr. Amm. S. India, *MATSUMOTO: Late Cr. Amm. (Pala­ II eobiogeogr.); Vascoceratid; MATSU­ 1968. BANDO: U. Perm. & L. Tr. ceph. MOTO et al. : Shimanto Cr. fossils Kago­ faunas [1]; BAN DO : L. Tr. Amm. shima (Kyushu) [1]; *HAYAMI: Evolu­ Kitakami & Maizuru [1]; NAKAZAWA tionary interpret. biostrati. zones [1] & BANDO: L. & M. Tr. Amm. Timor; 1974. BANDO & SHIMOYAMA: Late Scyth. ANDAL et al.: Jr. Mansalay F., Philip­ Amm. Kitakami; KAPOOR & BANDO: pines; HANAI et al. : Cr. Miyako Group L. Tr. Kashimir; SATO: Jr. Amm. [1]; NAKAI & MATSUMOTO: Amm. Cr. Inuyama (central]apan) ; MATSUMOTO Fujikawa (Shikoku); MATSU~IOTO in in TAMURA et al.: Amm. (Eucalycoc.) MATSUMOTO et al.: 2 Cr. Amm. Tomo­ Mifune; MATSUMOTO (ed.): Palaeon­ chi (Kyushu) tology, II [1]-Asakura 1969. TAKAHASHI: Jr. str. & Amm. fauna, 1975. BAN DO: Perm. Medlicottiidae; Sub­ Kitakami; OBATA: Douvilleiceratids columbites; L. Tr. Amm. Kashimir; Miyako; MATSUMOTO & HIRA:r A: ISHIBASHI: Up. Tr. Amm. Okinawa, Amm. Shimanto; MATSUMOTO et al.: III; Tr. Amm. Indonesia & Malaysia; Selected Acanthoceratids; MATSU­ SATO: Marine Jr. S.E. Asia (with list MOTO & OTSUKA: Amm. Y. OGAWA of Jr. Amm.) ; OBATA et al. : Cr. Choshi Collection [J]; MATSUMOTO: Colligno­ [1]; Alb. Amm. cent. Andes [1]; niceratidae, III OBATA: Diadochoceras, Miyako; *REY­ 1970. BANDO: L. Tr. Amm. Kitakami; BAN­ MENT: Reesidites; MATSUMOTO: Ad­ DO & ARAKI: Glyptophiceras from ditional Acanthoceratids; *HIRANO: Hiraiso (K.itakami) [J]; ISHIBASHI: Ontogeny of Gaudryceras tenuiliratum ; Up. Tr. Amm. Okinawa, I; *SHIKAMA *TANABE : Allometr. ontogeny & funct. & HIRANO: Mode of occurrence morpho of Otoscaphites puerculus; (Toyora Amm.); MATSUMOTO & MATSUMOTO & KAWANO: Pseudo­ HIRATA: Jr. Amm. Kuraoka (Kyushu) calycoceras Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 97, pp. 7-21, pI. 1, April, 30, 1975

643. A FIND OF PSEUDOCALYCOCERSA FROM HOKKAIDO (STUDIES OF CRETACEOUS AMMONITES FROM HOKKAIDO AND SAGHALIEN-PART XXVII)

TATSURO MATSUMOTO

Department of Geology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812

and

TADASHI KAWANO

320 Tokiwa·machi, Tomatsu, Mikasa, Hokkaido 068-22

:li:#ii~iJ' I? -/ "- - F"4'- i' '7 -1 :1 -I?: '7 .7-0);BJi!.: Pseudocalycoceras It 7 7J :/ l- -I?: '7 .7-f4 0) 1 NI, ...e, THOMEL (1969) iJ~:JIi!~ Ct-:o ~;;!:;:fl1!0) Ammonites harpax STOLICZKA It, -1 :/ F". -<7l"7J'.7-7JJv· "'" '" 'Y:1 • 7'7:/ .7-mJlfill\t.r::c·tc~l?n~o THOMEL (1972) Itl'&J[(7 '7:/ .7-mJIHiil~O):fl1!~\" <'0iJ,~ttL. "S'.t-:"f- ,,-.=.:./7 . 9='J1U.r::Clc t:5=f:fl1!iJ~~-t"~;: C ~ fij:Jii Lt-:o {t!!.:1J:Ii: 7 -< ~ 7J ""('It, COBBAN & SCOTT (1972) iJ~*~O)~{7IJ~~tt Lt-:o lii'l t: ~tc:li:w~O) ~*!5ljiJ'l?~ U' 7 :/","7-1 l- ~ fiiJ!IlfiJ~:j)!(~ L. t~*iJ;lj}f:9"e Ltdii5*, ;:;flit Pseudocalycoceras O)IEf{7J]""('il;/), CiJ't:li:7 -< ~ 7J~0) P. dentonense tc~b6b-CJ[(\"t

O)""('il; ~ ;: c iJ;.!JtiJ'--:d-: o *~O) B *tC:toV1" ~ It t:6b-C O)~~-C-il; ~ 0 t~*lt Am. harpax O)~;;!:;.*~ •• C~;:c~il;~O)-C-, ;:n~£.K, ;:O).lii'l~KAn~~~:fl1!~.~L.

C, Pseudocalycoceras ~:jl}~~-t" ~ 0 *~It 7 '7 :/.7- -C-It -I?: / -<.=. 7 :/Jll!:l:flI\tc~-t" ~ c ~ n -C \" ~ iJ~, ;ji:#ii~~O):fl1!lt Kanabiceras septemseriatum, Sumitomoceras faustum iCf¥.\", Inoceramus labiatus I? C ~ t O)~ tf¥.? O)-C-, "f- "- - '" .=. 7 :/Jll!:TflI\O)riJ1lE1'iltt.r:::to~~ -c-~t.r::\"o Jll!:J[(~.Et~Hcr~9~c t.r::'?-C\,'~-I?: / -<.=. 7:/ . "f- "- - "'.=. 7 :/m:w-O)~~cx;f.lttc 1}95lc-c, ~b6b-C~,*i*\,,:ftfl-""('il;~O)""(', ffifIi~~~.;z,.~o t~*Jif!~ ·1OJ!ilfIEiE.

Introduction genus and also for international corre· lation of Cretaceous sequences that we In July 1972 one of us (T. K.) collected give a palaeontologic description of the an interesting ammonite from loco Ik ammonite in this paper. Notes are also 1038, Ikushumbets, Hokkaido. This was given by one of us (T. M.) on the genus so unfamiliar to Hokkaido that it was Pseudocalycoceras. We then discuss age sent in 1973 to the other of us (T. M.) correlation of the relevant strata. for further study. As a result it is clear Before going further we thank Messrs that the specimen is an example of Masanobu KIKUCHI and Tatsuo MURA­ Pseudocalycoceras THOMEL, 1969. MOTO who gave us valuable information. Although only one specimen is availa· Dr. Hiromichi HIRANO and Miss Mutsuko ble, the discovery is so important for HA Y ASH IDA assisted us in preparing the the evaluation of this recently established plate and typescript. Finally we are * Received June 28, 1974: read June 15, much indebted to Mr. C. W. WRIGHT for 1974 at Osaka. critical reading of the first draft and

7 8 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO giving unpublished information on a are rursiradiate and comparatively coarse British example. and the umbilical tubercles are stronger and may be twisted to S. Some of the Notes on Pseudocalycoceras , ribs may be accentuated, without forming a tubercle, at the bending point on the (by Tatsuro MATSUMOTO) flank. The generic diagnosis originally given On the last part of the adult body­ by THOMEL (1969) and subsequently chamber the ribs tend to be narrower followed by others (e. g. KENNEDY, 1971, and less distant, the outer tubercles p. 81) is revised here in the light of a weaken and are finally absorbed by an redefinition of the type·species and a elevated rib and the umbilical tubercles revised list of species to be included in become bullate and weaker. the genus. The suture is of Acanthoceras type and probably varies to a considerable extent between species. Genus Pseudocalycoceras THOMEL, 1969 Restudy of Pseudocalycoceras harpax:­ Type-species :-Ammonites harpax STOLICZKA (1865, p. 72) established STOLICZKA, 1865. Ammonites harpax on more than one Generic diagnosis: - Me diu m-s i zed, specimen. Of the two illustrated syn­ moderately involute to rather evolute, not types, the one figured in pL 39, fig. 1 markedly compressed or depressed, with (GSI. 169), which was regarded by flexuous to rursiradiate ribs, consisting STOLICZKA himself as representing a of longer primaries and inserted or "regular or typical" form, is here desig­ branched secondaries, distinct' umbilical, nated as the lectotype. It came from a inner [i. e. lower] ventrolateral, outer calcareous sandstone, west of Odium, [i. e. upper] ventrolateral and siphonal near Moraviatoor, southern India. tubercles. The outer ventrolateral and On the basis of my observation of this siphonal tubercles are more or less specimen at Calcutta, notes are given clavate and fairly closely spaced across below, with a sketch (Text-fig. 1). a moderately rounded venter. (1) The measurements of the lectotype For most of the outer whorl the ribs are as follows:

Diameter Umbilicus Height Breadth B./H. Near the end 91. 5(1) 27.5(.30) 38.0(.41) 33.5(.36) 0.88 _90" 74.5(1) 20.5(.27) 32.5(.43) 29.7(.39) 0.91 -270° 23.5 22.5 0.95

(2) The shell is moderately involute, with be only slightly so in immature stages. the outer' whorl embracing the inner a It has nearly parallel and 'flattened little further than the row of inner flanks, a moderately round arched venter, ventrolateral tubercles. The umbilicus subrounded umbilical shoulder's and near­ is accordingly of moderate size, not ex­ ly vertical, partly overhanging, umbilical ceeding 30 percent of the' entire shell walls. diameter. (4) There are numerous ribs, 38 on the (3) The whorl is somewhat higher than last entire whorl; long and short ones broad in the adult stage, although it may as a rule alternate, though occasionally 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 9

(6) In the adolescent part umbilical tubercles are prominent and apparently twisted. In the preceding part they are of moderate intensity. In the last part, i. e. on the anterior half of the body­ whorl, they are bullate and tend to be weakened. (7) In that last part the outer tubercles are much weakened and finally disappear, although the ribs are distinctly elevated. Otherwise the five rows of outer tubercles are prominent and clavate. They are nearly equidistant; the distance between the siphonal tubercle and the outer Text·fig. 1. Pseudocalycoceras ventrolateral is slightly shorter than that harpax (STOLICZKA). between the outer ventrolateral and the Diagrammatic sketch of the lectotype, GSI. inner ventrOlateral, with a proportion of 169. Lateral (a) and frontal (b) views. about 10: 11 0. e. 5.0: 5.5 mm. at whorl­ (T. M. de/in.) height=27 mm.). (8) The suture illustrated by STOLICZKA two shorter ribs are inserted. On the (186;), pI. 39, fig. 1b) is essentially correct. last part (about 60') of the body-chamber I do not know precisely the extent of ribs are more crowded than on other vanatIOn in P. harpax. The other parts, numbering 16 On the last quarter specimen illustrated by STOLICZKA (1865, whorl. On the preceding half whorl, i. e. pI. 18, fig. 2), which he regarded as a the posterior part of the body chamber compressed variety of the same species, and the last part of the septate whorl, was transferred by KossMA T (1897, p. which is here called the adolescent stage 14) to Eucalyeoeeras pentagonum (JUKES­ for convenience' sake, ribs are coarser BROWNE, 1896). This has recently been than on other parts, numbering 16 per accepted by KENNEDY (1971, p. 81) but half whorl at this stage. Contrary to I think this assignment doubtful. I ex­ THOMEL'S description (1969, p. 650), ribs amined STOLICZKA'S original specimen, never number 25 per whorl at any stage GSI. 168, and observed that it is nqt of this lectotype or in KOSSMA T's illu­ referable to E. pentagonum, because it strated specimen. has somewhat rursiradiate ribs and dis­ (5) Ribs are somewhat prorsiradiate on tinctly clavate outer tubercles in five the inner part of the flank, then curve rows, of which first the inner ventrolateral backward, being more or less rursiradiate and then the siphonal tubercles disappear on the main outer part of the flank, and before the outer ventrolateral, and because cross the venter with a considerable ribs are not effaced at mid-flank. This elevation. At the adolescent stage the specimen might be a species of Euealy­ COnvex curvature is strong, resulting in coeeras, allied to such species as E. remarkable rursiradiate ribbing. In the eollignoni (FABRE) (see THOMEL, 1972, p. last part the curvature becomes gentle. 85, pI. 27, fig. 7), from the top of the On the flank of the earlier stages the Cenomanian in the Maritime Alps, showing ribs look somewhat flexuous. intermediate features between Eucaly- 10 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO coceras and Pseudocalycoceras. I examined at Calcutta (Text-fig. 2), is KOSSMA T (1897) dealt with five speci­ designated here as the lectotype. In mens of P. harpax but did not mention lateral view it does show the diagnostic variation within the species. His illu­ features of Pseudocalycoceras, but it is strated specimen (KOSSMA T, 1897, p. 13, very peculiar in that it has only two; pI. 4, fig. 2) seems to represent what I instead of three, approximated rows of call the adolescent stage. Its outer whorl ventral clavi in addition to the tubercles has somewhat coarser and more distant at the ventrolateral shoulders. Moreover, ribs than the corresponding stage of the in a limited part (-260· to -300·) of its lectotype. Such a difference can well be outer whorl 0. e. the earlier half of the considered to be within the extent of adolescent stage), a longer rib on the variation of the same species. Consider­ left side joins a shorter one on the right. able variability is seen in a number of These features suggest that it is a illustrated specimens of P. harpax from malformed shell. other areas (e. g. COLLIGNON, 1937, p. 33, C. W. WRIGHT reports (in iitt.) that pI. 1, figs. 1-4; COLLIGNON, 1964, p. 145, he has a specimen (19820) from Bed C pI. 373, figs. 1620-1622, from Madagascar; of the Cenomanian of the Devon, England, COLLIGNON, 1966, p. 30, pI. 13, from consisting of one third of a whorl cor­ Tarfaya, Morocco; THOMEL in PORTHAUL responding to the last quarter of the et aI., 1966, p. 428, pI. 9, figs. 1-3; pI. 10, penultimate whorl and beginning of the figs. 1-2; THOMEL, 1972, p. 88, pI. 29, last whorl of the lectotype. It closely fig. 3; pI. 30, figs. 10-11, pI. 31, figs. 1-5, pI. 32, figs. 1-2, from southeast France). Several subspecies were reported to occur in the same zone of France. If the fossil populations were examined more careful­ ly, some of the subspecific names would prove to be unnecessary. SPecies to be referred to Pseudocaly­ coceras :-THOMEL (1972, p. 88) listed seventeen species under the genus Pseudocalycoceras. It may indeed be difficult to comment on all of them with­ out seeing the original specimens, but some species are better excluded from this genus. Certain other species should be added to the list. The following is a list of species which are to be referred to Pseudocalycoceras. (1) Ammonites harpax STOLICZKA, 1865, type-species (see above). (2) Ammonites morpheus STOLICZKA, 1865 Text-fig. 2. Pseudocalycoceras (p. 80, pI. 38, fig. 1), from southern India. morpheus (STOLICZKA). This was establised on two syntypes, but Diagrammatic sketch of the lectotype, GSI. the un illustrated one is missing. There­ 167. Lateral view (a), whorl-section (b) fore, the illustrated one (GSI. 167), which and external suture (c) at S. (T. M. delin.) 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 11 resembles the lectotype except that the Cenomanian of Syria. This is fairly outer ventrolateral tubercles are much similar to Pseudocalycoceras dentonense, further apart and between them there is but owing to the secondary deformation a row of siphonal clavi; at the earliest of the specimens exact comparison is part of the fragment the siphonal tubercle difficult. Another question is whether is as· strong as the outer ventrolateral, Calycoceras paralaouitense BASSE (1940, but by the end it has almost disappeared. p. 449, pI. 7, fig. 4, pI. 8, figs. 2, 3; pI. 9, Pseudocalycoceras morpheus is allied to fig. 3) and C. alaouitense from the same P. harpax, but is distinguished by its locality are really different species or broader whorl (B./H.=1.05 at diameter of merely polymorphic variation of one and 113 mm), wider umbilicus (32 percent of the same species. It is furthermore a diameter), stronger and coarser ribs puzzle that this species of Pseudocaly­ (numbering 14 per half whorl at the coceras is recorded as occurring with adolescent stage) and broader, sub­ Mantelliceras couloni and two species of quadrate lateral lobe (L). The accentu­ Acompsoceras, which suggest Lower ated elevation of the longer ribs at the Cenomanian. bending point is considerable in the (6) Pseudocalycoceras eguituriense THO­ lectotype of P. morpheus. MEL (1972, p. 92, pI. 29, figs. 6, 7, pI. 30, This species was reported to occur in fig. 7; pI. 31, fig. 6), from the Upper the Cenomanian (zone 5) of the Sub­ Cenomanian of southeast France. alpines, southeast France, by THOMEL (7) Acanthoceras haugi PERVINQUIERE (1972, p. 91, pI. 32, figs. 3-4). His speci­ (1907, p. 270, pI. 14, fig. 1), from the men is also characterized by four rows Upper Cenomanian of Tunisia. This is of outer tubercles, with disappearance of closely allied to P. barcusi (JONES), al­ the siphonal tubercle at an early stage. though the rursiradiate ribbing is not so (3) Acanthoceras barcousi JONES (1938, p. marked as in the latter. It has been 117, pI. 6, figs. 2, 3, 8, 9) from the basal reported to occur also in the Upper part of the Eagle Ford Formation, Texas, Cenomanian of the Middle East, Mada­ and the Indidura Formation of Coahuila, gascar and southeast France (at the Mexico. This is fairly similar to P. boundary of zones 5 and 6). THOMEL morpheus, but its siphonal tubercles are (1972, p. 96) proposed subgenus Haugiceras distinct and its ventrolateral tubercles for this species. are less clavate and its ribs less flattened The specimens which were described than in the latter. under the name of P. (H.) rob us tum (4) Eucalycoceras dentonense MOREMAN THOMEL (1972, p. 98, pI. 47, figs. 6-7) (1942, p. 205, pI. 33, figs. 4, 5; text-fig. 2k), could be within the variation of P. haugi from the Britton Member of the Eagle in view of their resemblance and the Ford Formation of Texas, and the basal occurrence at the same horizon (boundary part of the Bridge Creek Limestone of zones 5 and 6) in southeast France. Member of the Greenhorn Limestone, THOMEL'S interpretation of Pseudocaly­ Colorado (see COBBAN and SCOTT, 1972). coceras seems to me too comprehensive. (4') Pseudocalycoceras sp. aff. P. dentonense COBBAN and SCOTT (1972, p. 63) have (MOREMAN), from Hokkaido, described pointed out that Barroisiceras trinodosum below in this paper. MOREMAN (1942, p. 212, pI. 33, figs. 1-2; (5) Calycoceras alaouitense BASSE (1940, text-fig. 2a) and B. brittonense MOREMAN p. 449, pI. 8, figs. 1, 4), from the (1942, p. 212, pI. 33, fig. 3; text-fig. 2b), 12 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO assigned to Pseudocalycoceras by THOMEL, canthoceras and macroform Pseudocaly­ are abnormally formed specimens of coceras. The available evidence is yet Metoicoceras whitei HYATT. I consider insufficient. COBBAN and SCOTT (1972) it possible that Pseudocalycoceras planum have shown specimens of various size in THOMEL (1972, p. 93, pI. 30, figs. 1-6) Pseudocalycoceras dentonense, which do could be grouped with" Jeanrogericeras ? not seem to support the above inter­ sornayi THOMEL (in PORT HAUL T et a!., pretation. In the specimen from Hokkaido 1966, p. 431, pI. 11, figs. 1-3) in Thomelites described in this paper as P. sp. aff. P. WRIGHT and KENNEDY, 1973, of the dentonense the immature whorl has rather Metoicoceratinae. flattened flanks and somewhat, but not Protacanthoceras collignoni FABRE much, closely spaced three rows of (1940, p. 225, pI. 7, fig. 7, 8) could be re­ ventral tubercles, but the ventral tuber­ ferable to Pseudocalycoceras as KENNEDY cles are not so distinctly clavate as in (1971, p. 97) considered. I would pro­ Protacanthoceras. visionally assign it to Eucalycoceras, as In the visible earlier part of the lecto­ THOMEL (1972, p. 85) did, although it is type of Pseudocalycoceras harpax the atypical, having mixed characters of the ventral tubercles are somewhat clavate two genera. but not so closely spaced and the venter I hesitate to ascribe Protacanthoceras is not so high and narrow as in typical angolaense SPATH (1931, p. 316), P. species of Protacanthoceras. KENNEDY batnense COLLIGNON (1937, p. 36, pI. 2, (1971, p. 96) has recently given a revised fig. 3), P. jullieni COLLIGNON (1937, p. 36, diagnosis of Protacanthoceras. While the pI. 2, fig. 1; pI. 8, fig. 3), and P. judaicum difference is not great in immature shells (TAUBENHAUS) (1920, p. 13, pI. 3, fig. 1; of Pseudocalycoceras, distinction in the A VNIMELECH and SHORESH, 1965, p. 531, adult shells is unmistakable. pI. 15, fig. 1) to Pseudocalycoceras, al­ WRIGHT and KENNEDY (1973, p. 26) though they differ from typical species suggest that Protacanthoceras may be of Protacanthoceras. micromorphs of Thomelites. I have no comments on Protacanthoceras Pseudocalycoceras resembles Eucaly­ fiandrini THOMEL (1966, in PORTHAUL T coceras SPATH, 1923 (see redefinition by et a!., p. 430, pI. 10, figs. 3-5), Pseudocaly­ KENNEDY, 1971, p. 80), in the fairly coceras pseudo-orbignyi THOMEL (1972, p. closely spaced ventral rows of tubercles 95, pI. 29, figs. 1-2) and Pseudocalycoceras which may disappear on the last part of dromense THOMEL (1972, p. 94, pI. 30, the body-whorl, but is distinguished by figs. 8-9). If they are to be referred to its less involution, wider umbilicus, less Pseudocalycoceras, they are all atypical. compressed or broader whorl, less numer­ Comparison and affinity: - Immature ous and more distant ribs, which are shells of Pseudocalycoceras are somewhat characteristically rursiradiate on the similar to Protacanthoceras SPATH, 1923. outer whorl. In the typical species of The latter genus is represented by Am­ Eucalycoceras ribs are rectiradiate and monites bunburianus SHARPE, 1853, type­ even somewhat projected forward on the species, and other allied species, mostly ventral part. Exceptional examples in based on small specimens. COLLIGNON this respect are Eucalycoceras collignoni suggested (see THOMEL, 1972, p. 99) that (FABRE, 1940) (see THOMEL, 1972, p. 85, the two nominal genera might represent pI. 27, fig. 7), from the Upper Cenomanian a sexual dimorphism, microform Prota- of France, and its allied species from 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 13 India [=Ammonites harpax STOLICZKA, Description of a species 1865, p. 72 (pars.), pI. 38, fig. 2J, in which from Hokkaido the ribs are somewhat curved backward on the flank. In other respects, however (by Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and these species are closer to the typical Masashi KAWANO) species of Eucalycoceras than to those of Family Acanthoceratidae Pseudocalycoceras. Pseudocalycoceras is apparently similar DE GROSSOUVRE, 1894 to Paracalycoceras SPATH, 1925 (see recent Genus Pseudocalycoceras redefinition by KENNEDY, 1971, p. 79) in THOMEL, 1969 the strong, rursiradiate ribbing on the adult whorl. Only an incipient siphonal Pseudocalycoceras sp. aff. P. tubercle is discernible in the immature dentonense (MOREMAN) shell of Paracalycoceras, which shows PI. 1, Fig. 1; Text-fig. 3 " Submantelliceras" like aspect. Para­ calycoceras has been known in the Lower Compare :- Cenomanian and there are no connecting 1927. Acanthoceras sp. A, MOREMAX, Jour. forms between the two genera. Probably Paieont., vol. 1, p. 95, pI. 15, fig. 2. the resemblance of the two genera is 1942. Eucaiycoceras dentonense MOREMAN, heterochronous homoeomorphy within the Jour. Paieont., vol. 16, p. 205, pI. 33, figs. 4, 5; text.fig. 2k. same family. 1942. Eucalycoceras indianense MORE:"IA:\, In THOMEL'S (1972, p. 199) study of the Jour. Paleont., vol. 16, p. 206, pI. 33, French material Pseudocalycoceras has figs. 9, 10; text.fig. 21. been endowed with an important position 1942. Eucaiycoceras lewisvillense MOREMAN, in the phylogeny of the Acanthoceratidae, Jour. Paieont., vol. 16, p. 206, pI. 33, a starting point were Metoicoceratinae figs. 6, 7; text·figs. 2n, u. and Mammitinae are going to branch 1973. Pseudocaiycoceras dentonense, COBBAN apart from the Mantelliceratinae. This and SCOTT, 1972, U. S. Ceoi. Surv. Prof. is considerably different from the previ· Paper 645, p. 63, pI. 13, figs. 11-29; pI. ous view (e. g. REYMENT, 1955; WRIGHT, 15, figs. 1-7, 10-13 (with a complete list of synonymy). 1957) in which the origins of Metoicoce­ ratinae and Mammitinae were ascribed Material :-A specimen of T. KAWANO'S to Acanthoceratinae. THOMEL (1972) collection from loco Ik 1038, Ikushumbets, furthermore interpreted P s e u doc a I y­ represented by a fairly well preserved coceras, Protacanthoceras and Eucaly­ internal mould. coceras as being derived in common from Description :-The ventral portion of the group of Calycoceras gentoni (sub­ the adoral part of the body chamber is genus Gentoniceras THOMEL, 1972), re­ missing. If it was preserved, the shell garding all of them as later members of would be about 90 mm in diameter. From the Mantelliceratinae. KENNEDY (1971), various aspects the specimen is judged however, keeps Protacanthoceras in Acan­ as representing an adult shell. thoceratinae. As I have now no good The shell is considerably evolute, with evidence to discuss the phylogeny, I the umbilical seam of the outer whorl merely draw attention to the problem. running along the row of inner ventro­ lateral tubercles of the next inner whorl. The whorls grow at a moderate rate, 14 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO encircling an umbilicus of moderate size, rather bullate; the outer tubercles are 31 to 32 percent of the entire shell distinct, the ventral three fairly approxi­ diameter. mated but not so distinctly clavate as in The septate whorl is a little higher later stages. Shorter, inserted ribs have than broad and has rather flattened, no umbilical tubercles. Ribs number 12 roughly parallel flanks; the body chamber or 13 per half whorl. is nearly as high as broad or only very The body chamber occupies at least slightly higher than broad, having gently about half a whorl. On its earlier part inflated flanks. The venter is arched and (for about 60· or 1/6 whor!), the orna­ moderately rounded; the umbilical wall ment of the" adolescent type" continues, is steep and nearly vertical, the umbilical but the outer tubercles in five rows tend shoulder is subangular on the main part to be gradually weakened. On the rest and subrounded on the last part of the of the body chamber the ribs are mostly body chamber. simple, equally long, fairly elevated but The ornament of the "adolescent gradually becoming narrower than the stage ", which occupies about a half ribs of the preceding stage. They are whorl, consisting of the last part of the rather gently rursiradiate on the flank phragmocone and the posterior part of and cross the venter, where tubercles the body chamber, with diameters from are obsolete. The umbilical tubercles 45 to 65 mm, is most diagnostic. At this are also weakened but remain as bullae stage the ribs are strong and more or at the shoulder. A weak extension of less rursiradiate; some of them are some­ the rib on the inclined umbilical wall what prorsiradiate on the inner part of runs obliquely forward from the umbilical the flank and then abruptly bent back­ bulla to the umbilical seam. The inter­ ward, being accentuated at the bending vals between the ribs are broader than point, if not forming a tubercle. Bifur­ the ribs themselves, but tend to decrease cated ribs and a simple one as a rule their breadth slightly towards the aper­ alternate. The bifurcation occurs at or ture. A shorter rib may occasionally be near the very prominent, apparently intercalated; this feature is uncertain backward twisted umbilical tubercle, because the last part of the specimen is whereas some of the simple ribs have a incompletely preserved. There are 13 weaker umbilical tubercle. In this half (+ I?) ribs on the body chamber. Some whorl there are 12 ribs, separated by of the ribs are slightly accentuated on somewhat broader inters paces. The outer the middle of the flank. tubercles are moderately prominent; the Sutures are of general acanthoceratid siphonal and the outer ventrolateral ones type. The features which may be char­ clavate, equally strong and considerably acteristic of this species are (1) deepness approximated, forming three rows on the of E, being twice as deep as L, (2) venter. The inner ventrolateral tubercle broadness of the first lateral saddle, is nodate and more distant from the outer which is asymmetrically bipartite, (3) L ventrolateral tubercle than the siphonal being somewhat narrowed at the middle one. of its stem, with lower lateral branches On the earlier whorl the ribs are expanding on both sides, and (4) the weaker, nearly rectiradiate or slightly second lateral saddle (between Land U2) prorsiradiate, and somewhat flexuous on being higher but much narrower than the flank. The umbilical tubercles are (about a half as narrow as) the first. 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 15 Measurements :- Specimen Diameter Umbilicus Height Breadth B./H. (1) Hokkaido ca 90(?) 27.6(.30) 28 (.31) "(_70°) 70.0 22.8(.32) 28.2(.40) 27.4(.39) 0.97 "( -160°) 60.5 19.0(.31) 26.0(.42) 24.0(.39) 0.92 (2) BEG. 19804 33.0 31. 5 0.95 (3) BEG. 19805 2;:;.0 23.0 0.92 (1) this specimen, (2) holotype of E. dentonense, (3) holotype of E. indianense.

our specimen would be outside it, because ribs number 12 or 13 per half whorl in ours. The difference is, however, small and we do not know the extent of vari­ ation in our population. Among the specimens illustrated by COBBAN and SCOTT, that of pI. 15, figs. 4-6 (USNM Text-fig. 3. Pseudocalycoceras sp. 163923) is the closest to our specimen. aff. P. dentonense (MOREMA!\") It seems to have 26 ribs in the last full External suture at whorl-height=21 mm. whorl, showing almost the same rib The same specimen of KAWANO'S Collection density as ours. In spite of a consider­ as illustrated in PI. 1, Fig. la-e. able number of specimens from the United States no clear illustration of suture is a­ Comparison :-The described specimen vailable. The suture of the holotype is im­ from Hokkaido is very close to the holo­ perfectly preserved, although MOREMAN type and other specimens of Pseudocaly­ described it at some length. COBBAN and coceras dentonense (MOREMAN), rede­ SCOTT reported that only parts of. the scribed by COBBAN and SCOTT (1972), suture were visible. Our specimen does from the Britton Clay of the Eagle Ford show diagnostic features in suture. Shale of Texas and the Bridge Creek Whether the same features are maintained Limestone Member of the Greenhorn in American examples of P. dentonense or Limestone of Colorado. We would agree not is a point to be worked out. with COBBAN and SCOTT in admitting a In the above circumstances, we have to certain extent of variation in shell-form call our specimen for the time being and ornamentation of P. dentonense and Pseudocalycoceras sp. aff. P. dentonense in regarding the types of MOREMAN'S Eu­ (MOREMAN); the present specimen may calycoceras indianense and E.lewisvillense represent a geographical subspecies of P. as specifically identical with P. den­ dentonense. tonense. In fact the later half of the Our specimen is somewhat similar to last whorl of our specimen is very close the lectotype of Ammonites harpax to the holotype (BEG. 19804) of Eucaly­ STOLICZKA (1865), defined above, but has coceras dentonense MOREMAN and the a broader and more inflated body-whorl, earlier half to that (BEG. 19805) of E. more distant ribs and nodate, instead of indianense. clavate, inner ventrolateral tubercles COBBAN and SCOTT report that ribs which are more distant from the outer number 15-21 per half whorl. If this was ones. Even if we admit a certain extent the real extent of variation in rib density, of variability, P. dentonense is distinguish- 16 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO able from P. harpax in that in the former others in the collection of Hokkaido the shell is more evolute and more widely University, No. 12434 and 12435, were umbilicate, the three rows of ventral, tentatively described under Eucalycoceras clavate tubercles are more approximated sp. by MATSUMOTO, SAITO and FUKADA and the inner ventrolateral tubercles are (1957, p. 38, pI. 11, fig. 2; text-fig. 14) nodate, instead of clavate, and more but now seem to be better transferred distant from the inner ventral ones than to the present species, although they are in the latter. Probably the former has too poorly preserved for a definite con­ on the average less numerous ribs than clusion. the latter, although the range of rib density may overlap between the two Correlation problem species. Incidentally the sutural pattern of P. harpax, as illustrated by STOLICZKA The siltstone of about 15 meters which (1865, pI. 39, fig. Ib) and COLLIGNON occupies the uppermost part of unit IIc, (1937, pI. 1, figs. 2, 4; pI. 8, figs. 1, 2), is immediately below the green sandstone essentially similar to that of our speci­ at the base of unit lId, is expoed at loco men, especially with respect to the char­ Ik 1038 and Ik 987, across the main acter of the first lateral lobe. course of the Ikushumbets River. In this Occurrence :-Loc. Ik 1038, a cliff on part of the Ikushumbets sequence Kana­ the right side of the main stream of the biceras septemseriatum and Sumitomoceras Ikushumbets (see map in MATSUMOTO, faustum occur exclusively and are as­ 1965, fig. 2), where uppermost part of the sociated with Sciponoceras kossmati, middle siltstone member (unit IIc) of Allocrioceras sp. and other species of Mikasa Formation is exposed (see co­ ammonites. It represents the Zone of lumnar section in MATSUMOTO, 1965, fig. Kanabiceras septemseriatwn which can be 4). The described ammonite was con­ traced laterally in the Ikushumbets area. tained in a calcareous nodule which was In some previous papers (e. g. MATSU­ found at a horizon about 8 m stratigra­ MOTO, 1959a, p. 65 ; MATSUMOTO et al. phically below the green sandstone at the base of the Upper member (unit lId), as shown in a sketch of Fig. 4. It was collected and developed by T. KAWANO. The associated ammonites in the same nodule are a fragment of Eucalycoceras (?) sp. aff. E. collignoni (FABRE), Allocrioceras sp., Sciponoceras sp. and Scaphites sp. Remarks :-In addition to the above described specimen there are three other incompletely preserved ones from the Text-fig. 4. Sketch of the exposure Ikushumbets area which may be of at loc. Ik 1038. identical species. One is GK. H5692, col­ SS. Green sandstone at the base of Member lected by T. MURAMOTO from loco Ik IId; MS. mudstone, containing calcareous 1434p, Kami-ichino-sawa, a tributary of nodules, upper part of Member IIc; x A the Ikushumbets, which is somewhat nodle from which the described specimen deformed but shows essentially the same of Pseudocaiycoceras sp. aft. P. dentonense characteristic features as the above. Two was found; F. Fault. (T. M. deiin.) 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 17

1969, p. 289) this zone was correlated with gracile-Metoicoceras whitei Zone, the Lower Turonian, since Kanabiceras plenus Marls and those parts of the septemseriatum occurs characteristically Middle Chalk below the appearance of in the zone of Sciponoceras gracile of the Mammites and Mytiloides labiatus, yield­ Gulf Coast and the Western Interior of ing Sciponoceras gracile, Kanabiceras and the United States, which, in turn, had Neocardioceras should be, according to been assigned to Lower Turonian (MORE­ him, considered Upper Cenomanian. It MAN, 1942; COBBAN and REESIDE, 1952). is, however, difficult to understand, for In the recent paper of COBBAN and SCOTT. us who are unfamiliar with the details 1972, the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary of the British field evidence, that the is put, though with a query, between the same author listed (KENNEDY, 1971, p. zone of Sciponoceras gracile and that of 103) as an ammonite assemblage of the Watinoceras coloradoense. One of the Middle Chalk (lower part) Manzmites reasons of this assignment by these nodosoides, .M. spp., Metasigaloceras rus­ authors is the frequent occurrence of ticum and Fagesia pachydiscoides, together Pseudocalycoceras dentonense in the zone with Sciponoceras gracile, Kanabiceras of Sciponoceras gracile. In fact many sp. Watinoceras sp. and. N eocardioceras species of Pseudocalycoceras have been sp. This" assemblage" must be a mixed reported to occur in the Upper Ceno­ list of ammonite species from at least manian of southeast France, mostly in the two zones; otherwise KENNEDY'S con­ highest zone 6 and some in the subjacent clusion (in p. 125) would be inconsistent zone 5 (THOMEL, 1972), but no example with his explanation of the faunal of P. dentonense has been found there. sequence (in p. 103). In the type Cenomanian of Sarthe, Regarding the Cenomanian-Turonian northern France, no species of Pseudo­ boundary in the type sequence of the calycoceras was indicated in HANCOCK'S Mans (Sarthe) area, France, ]UIGNET, (1960) and WRIGHT and KENNEDY'S (in KENNEDY and WRIGHT (1973) have recent­ ]UIGNET et aI., 1973) reliable lists of ly presented a result of their valuable Upper Cenomanian, although there seems work with the following conclusion: (a) to be a certain thickness of strata with­ D'ORBIGNY'S base of Turonian must be out ammonites near the Cenomanian­ above the Metoicoceras Zones and at the Turonian boundary. base of l'vfammites nodosoides-Inoceramus KENNEDY (1971) has recently shown a labiatus Zone; (b) it is not yet clear in fine scheme of ammonite sequence in the which zone-or which stage-the Neo­ Cenomanian Lower Chalk of southern cardioceras juddi and Watinoceras faunas England. In spite of plentiful illustration should be placed. of acanthoceratid species, no example of So far as the available information from Pseudocalycoceras was shown in this North America is concerned, species of British sequence. However, as recorded W atinoceras' are characteristic of Lower above (p. 10), C. W. WRIGHT reports Turonian. Sumitomoceras faustum, which Pseudocalycoceras ct. morpheus from occurs in the Zone of Kanabiceras septe7ll­ Devon Bed C. It is noted that KENNEDY seriatum of the Ikushumbets sequence, is (1971, p. 12;:;) is inclined to draw the base closely allied to Sumitomoceras [Watillo­ of the Turonian stage at the base of the ceras?J amudariense, from the Lower Mammites nodosoides-Mytiloides labiatus Turonian of Turkestan (ARKHANGUELSKY, Zone. In other words, the Scipolloceras 1916). As has already been pointed out 18 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO

(see MATSUMOTO et aI., 1969, p. 281), currence of Puzosia sp. aff. P. intermedia Sumitomoceras and Watinoceras are so to orientale MATSUMOTO (PI. 1, Fig. 2), speak in a sisterhood relationship. In Gaudryceras sp. aff. G. varagurense (Koss­ the sequence of England, as described by MAT) (PI. 1, Fig. 3) and Zelandites kawanoi KENNEDY, Sumitomoceras spp. are listed, (JIMBO) (all collected by T. KAWANO) together with Kanabiceras sp. and others from the same locality Ok 1038) may be in his Zone of Metoicoceras gourdoni and rather suggestive of a Turonian age, Watinoceras sp., Kanabiceras sp., Neo­ although these species may be long­ cardioceras sp., etc. in his list of Middle ranging. Chalk (lower part). Thus, in the British Sciponoceras kossmati (NOWAK) occurs sequence, Watinoceras and Sumitomoceras fairly commonly in the same Zone of begin to appear in Upper Cenomanian, if Kanabiceras septemseriatum and also im­ we follow KENNEDY'S conclusion of cor­ mediately subjacent parts on the ex­ relation. Anyhow, we are anxious to posures along the Ikushumbets River know what kinds of Sumitomoceras and (MATSUMOTO and OBATA, 1963). In Hok­ Watinoceras are found in which zones in kaido fossils of the same species were England. obtained at loco R 117 of the Kotanbetsu C. W. WRIGHT'S (in litt., 20 April, 1974) area in a musdtone unit from which provisional view at present is that the Inoceramus (Mytiloides) labiatus was Neocardioceras- Watinoceras -5 u mit 0 m 0- found (at loco R 114) (see MATSUMOTO ceras horizons should be treated as basal and OKADA, 1973, p. 285, figs. 7, 8) and Turonian. Watinoceras is very closely also at loco Y552a of the Shuyubari area related, with many transitional forms, to in unit IIh above which (i. e. in unit IIj) Mammites. Sumitomoceras, however, may Calycoceras orientale was found. Thus, also really occur with Metoicoceras in the available evidence in Hokkaido shows England. that S. kossmati ranges from Middle In the sequence of Colorado studied Cenomanian to Lower Turonian. The by COBBAN and SCOTT (1972) Kanabiceras holotype of S. kossmati came from the puebloense occurs in the Zone of Mammites lower Trichinopoly Group (probably nodosoides, unmistakable Lower Turonian, Lower Turonian) of India. Examples of which is well distinguishable from K. the same species were recorded from septemseriatum of the underlying zone. California (MATSUMOTO, 1959b, p. 106). Thus Kanabiceras passes across the At one of the localities in California (i. e. Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in North CAS. 33719) S. kossmati is associated with America. Weare again anxious to know Kanabiceras septemseriatum and Inoce­ what kinds of Kanabiceras are found in ramus (Mytiloides) d. labiatus (MATSU­ the British sequence. MOTO, 1959c, p. 102). Although the specimen is fragmentary, Allocriocerassp. and Desmoceras (?) sp. an ammonite referable to Eucalycoceras are associated with Kanabiceras septem­ (?) sp. aff. E. collignoni (FABRE) was seriatum and Pseudocalycoceras aff. den­ found in the same nodule as Pseudocaly­ tonense in the Ikushumbets area. The coceras sp. aff. P. dentonrmse at loco Ik former is represented. by incomplete, 1038. This could be reckoned as evidence fragmentary specimens and the latter by favouring the correlation with Upper somewhat deformed specimens. We have Cenomanian, but the identification is not to search for more and better specimens convincing. On the other hand, the oc- for the exact identification. 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 19 The associated Inoceramus resembles References Cited and could be identified with 1. (Mytiloides) labiatus, but a careful work is needed for ARKHA);GUELSKY, A. D. (1916): Mollusques this sort of highly variable bivalve. In du Cretace superieur de Turkestan. this connexion we are again anxious to Mbn. Com. Ceol. Petrograd, N~ S., vol. 152, know what kind of Inoceramus Pictus s. 1. p. i-vi, 1-57, pis. 1-8. occurs in the Zone of Sciponoceras gracile AVNIMELECI-I, M. A. and SIIORESI-I, R. (1965) : of North America. Les cephalopodes cenomaniens des en­ virons de Jerusalem. Bull. Soc. Ceol. A large sized species of Inoceramus France, 7th ser., vol. 4, p. 528-535, pI. 15. which can be comparable with I. pen­ BASSE, Eliane (1940): Les cephalopodes natulus PERGAMENT occur commonly in cretaces des massifs cotiers Syriens. the main part of the siltstone of unit IIc Haut-Commiss. Repub. fran,. Syrie Liban. immediately below the Zone of K. septem­ Service des Travaux Publics [sect. d'Etudes seriatum in the Ikushumbets sequence. Paleont.J, Notes et Memoires, vol. 3, p. In this part of IIc an example of Caly­ 411-472, pis. 1-9. coceras d. naviculare was obtained by COBBA);, W. A. and REESIDE, John B. Jr. OMORI (in IKEGAMI and OMORI, 1957, pI. (1952): Correia tion of the Cretaceous 7, fig. la, b) from his loco Bll, about 73 formations of the Western Interior of the United States. Bull. Ceol. Soc. Amer., m in distance (along a water supply vol. 63, p. 1011-1044, pI. 1. channel) westward from the exposure of -- and SCOTT, G. R. (1972): Stratigraphy the green sandstone at the base of lId. and ammonite fauna of the Graneros This indicates unmistakably Upper Ceno­ Shale and Greenhorn Limestone near manian. In the lower part of unit lId, Pueblo, Colorado. U. S. Ceol. Surv. Prof. which is composed of sandstone and Paper 645, p. 1-108, pis. 1-39. sandy siltstone with some conglomerate, COLLlG;-':O;\i, Maurice (1937): Ammonites ammonites are very few and bivalves cenomaniennes du sud-ouest de Mada­ belonging to Aphrodina, Glycymeris and gascar. Ann. Ceol. Servo Mines, Mada­ trigonians occur at several horizons. gascar, vol. 8, p. 29-72, pis. 1-11. -- (1964): Atlas des Fossiles Caracteristi­ Inoceramus hobetsensis begins to appear ques de Madagascar (Ammonites). vol. in the middle part of lId, which indicates, 11, (Cenomanien), xi+ 152p., pis. 318-375. together with Collignoniceras woolgari, Serv. Geol., Tananarive. Middle Turonian. -- (1966): Les cephalopodes cretaces du To sum up the present circumstances, bassin co tier de Tarfaya. Notes et Mem. it has become possible that the Zone of Servo Ceol. Maroc, vol. 175,148 p., 35 pis. Kanabiceras septemseriatum in the FABRE, S. (1940): Le Cretace superieur de sequence of Hokkaido might be assigned la Basse-Provence occidentale; 1. Ceno­ to the uppermost Cenomanian in terms manien et Turonien. Ann. Fac. Sci. of the international scale, although the Marseille, 2nd ser., vol. 14, 355 p., 10 pis. GROSSOUVRE, Albert DE (1894): Recherches previous assignment of the Lower sur la Craie superieure. II Paleontologie. Turonian could still remain as another Les ammonites de la Craie superieure. alternative. It is emphasized that inter­ Mem. Carte geol. de!. France [1893J, 264 nationally cooperative work is keenly p., 39 pis. required for the final solution of the HANCOCK, ]. M. (1960): Les ammonites du correlation problem. Cenomanien de la Sarthe. 84° .Congres des Soc. savantes, Dijon, 1959, p. 249-252. IKEGAMI, Shigeo and OMORI, Tamotsu (1957) : 20 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Tadashi KAWANO

On the so-called Mikasa Formation in Kyushu Univ., [OJ, Geol., vol. 8, no. 4, the Katsurazawa dam site near the p. 91-171, pIs. 30-45. Ikushumbetsu River, Mikasa, Hokkaido. -- (1959c): Upper Cretaceous ammonites Jour. Hokkaido Cakugei Univ., 2nd ser., of California. Part II. Mem. Fac. Sci., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 70-89, pIs. 1-14. [in Kyushu Univ., [OJ, Geol., Special vol. 1, Japanese]. p. 1-172, pIs. 1-41. JONES, T. S. (1938): Geology of Sierra de·la -- (1965): A monograph of the Colligno­ Pena and paleontology of the Indidura niceratidae from Hokkaido. Part I. Formation, Coahuila, Mexico. Bull. Ceol. Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., [OJ, vol. Soc. Amer., vol. 49, p. 69-150, pIs. 1-13. 16, no. 1, p. 1-80, pIs. 1-18. JUIGNET, Piere, KENNEDY, W. J. and WRIGHT, --, MURA~10TO, Tatsuo and TAKAHASHI, C. W. (1973): La limite Cenomanien­ Takemi (1969): Selected acanthoceratids Turonien dans la regIon du Mans from Hokkaido. Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu (Sarthe): Stratigraphie et paleontologie. Univ., [OJ, Geol., vol. 19, no. 2, p. 251- Ann. Pateont. (Invert.) vol. 59, no. 2, p. 296, pIs. 25-38. 209-242, pIs. 1-3. -- and OBATA, Ikuwo (1963): Amonograph JUKES-BROWNE, A. J. and HILL, W. (1896): of the Baculitidae from Japan. Mem. A delimitation of the Cenomanian. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., [OJ, Geol., vol. Quart. Jour. Ceol. Soc. London, vol. 52, 13, no. 1, p. 1-116, pIs. 1-27. p. 99-177, pI. 5. -- and OKADA, Hakuyu (1973): Saku For­ KENNEDY, W. J. (1971): Cenomanian ammo­ mation of the Yezo geosyncline. Sci. nites from southern England. SPecial Repts. Dept. Ceo!., Kyushu Univ., vol. 11, Papers in Palaeont., no. 8, p. 1-133, pIs. no. 2, p. 275-309 [in Japanese with Engl. 1-64. abstract]. KOSSMAT, Frantz (1895-98): Untersuchungen --, SAITO, Rinji and FUKADA, Atsuo (1957) : tiber die stidindische Kreideforma tion. Some acanthoceratids from Hokkaido. Beitr. Palliont. Ceol. Ost.-Ung., vol. 9 Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., [OJ, vol. (1895), p. 97-203 [1-107], pIs. 15-25 [1- 6, no. 1, p. 1-45, pIs. 1-18. 11J; vol. 11 (1897), p. 1-46 [108-153J, MOREMAN, W. L. (1942): Paleontology of pIs. 1-8 [12-19J, vol. 11 (1898), p.89-152 the Eagle Ford Group of north and [154-217J, pIs. 14-19 [20-25J. central Texas. Jour. Paleont., vol. 16, p. MATSU:VIOTO, Tatsuro (1959a): Zonation of 192-220, pIs. 31-34. the Upper Cretaceous in Japan. Mem. PERVINQUIERE, L. (1907): Etudes de pale­ Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., [OJ, Geol., vol. ontologie tunisienne. 1 Cephalopodes des 9, no. 2, p. 55-93, pIs. 6-11. terrainss econdaires. Carte geol. Tunise, -- (1959b): Upper Cretaceous ammonites 428 p., 27 pIs. of California, Part 1. Mem. Fac. Sci., PORTHAULT, B., THOMEL, G. and VILLOUT-

Explanation of Plate 1

Fig. 1. Pseudocalycoceras sp. aff. P. dentonense (MOREMAN) ...... Page 13 KAWANO Collection, from loc, Ik 1038, uppermost part of Member lIe of the Mikasa Formation, Ikushumbets area. Lateral (a) and ventral (b) views, slightly enlarged (x 1.1) ; diagrammatic costal whorl-section at each 90· (c-e) , xL Fig. 2. Puzosia sp. aff. P. intermedia orientale MATSUMOTO ...... Page 18 KAWANO Collection, from loco Ik 1038, lateral view, xL Fig. 3. Caudryceras sp. aff. C. varagurense (KOSSMAT) ...... Page 18 KAWANO Collection, from loc. Ik 1038, lateral view, xL Photos by H. HIRANO, without whitening. Figs. 1c-e T. M. delin. MATSUMOTO and J{AW ANO .' Pseudocalycoceras Plate 1

l d l e 643. Pseudocalycoceras from Hokkaido 21

REYS, O. DE (1966): Etude biostrati. 1863; 57-106, pis. 32-54, 1864; 107-154, graphique du Cenomanien du bassin pis. 55-80, pI. 66a, 1865; 155-216, pis. 81- superieur de l'Esteron (Alpes.Maritimes). 94, 1866J Le probleme de la limite cenomanien­ TAUBENHAUS, H. (1920): Die Ammoneen der turonien dans Ie sud-est de la France. Kreideformation PaHistinas und Syriens. Bull. Soc. Ceo!. France, 7th ser. vol. 8, Zeitsch. Deutsch. Paliistina-vereins, vol. p. 423-439, pis. 8-11. 43, p. 1-58, 9 pis. REYMENT, R. A. (1955): The Cretaceous THOMEL, Gerard (1969): Refiexions sur les Ammonidea of southern Nigeria and the genres Eucalycoceras et Protacanthoceras southern Cameroons. Bull. Ceol. Surv. (Ammonoidea). ,C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Nigeria, vol. 25, 112 p., 25 pis. vol. 268, p. 649-652. SHARPE, Daniel (1853-57): Description of -- (1972): Les Acanthoceratidae ceno­ the fossil remains of mollusca found in maniens des chaines Subalpines meri­ the Chalk of England. Palaeontogr. Soc., dionales. Mem. Soc. Ceol. France, N. S., 68 p., 27 pis. (1-26, pis. 1-10, 1853; 27- vol. 51, Mem. no. 116, p. 1-204, pis. 1-88. 37, pis. 11-16, 1855; 37-68, pis. 17-27, WRIGHT, C. W. (1956): Notes on the Cretace­ 1857) ous ammonites. III. Utaturiceras gen. SPATH, L. F. (1923): On the ammonite nov. and the Metoicoceratinae. Ann. horizons of the Gault and contiguous Mag. Nat. Hist., 12th ser., vol. 9, p.391- deposits. Summ. Progr. Ceol. Surv. 393. (1922), p. 139-149. - (1957): In MOORE, R. C. [Editor]: -~ (1925): On Upper Albian Ammonoidea Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, from Portuguese East Africa, with an Part L, Mollusca, Cephalopoda, Ammo­ appendix on Upper Cretaceous ammonites noidea, p. L1-L490, Geol. Soc. Amer. & from Maputoland. Ann. Transvaal Univ. Kansas Press. Museum, vol. 11, no. 4, p. 179-200, pis. -- and KENNEDY, W. J. (1973): Paleonto­ 28-37. logie systematique. In JUIGNET, P., -~ (1931): A monograph of the Ammo­ KENNEDY, W. J. and WRIGHT, C. W.: La noidea of the Gault. Part 8. Palaeontogr. limite Cenomanien-Turonien dans la Soc., 1929, London, p. 313-378, pis. 31-36. region du Mans (Sarthe): Stratigraphie STOLlCZKA, Ferdinand (1863-66): Ammo­ et paleontologie. Ann. Pateont. (Invert.), nitidae, with revision of the Nautilidae, vol. 59, no. 2, p. 226-242, pis. 1-3. etc. In BLANFORD, M. F. and STOLICZKA, F., 1861-66. The fossil Cephalopoda of P. S. This work has been done wi thin the the Cretaceous rocks of southern India. framework of the IGCP project entitled Mem. Ceol. Surv. India, Palaeont. Indica, "Mid-Cretaceous Erents". 3rd ser. 216 p., 95 pis. [41-56, pis. 26-31,

Ikushumbets [=Ikushunbetsu] ~ .~ lJlj Mikasa Kami-ichino-sa wa J:-O)fR Shuyubari Kotanbetsu i1 :IT }]IJ Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 97, pp. 22-31, April, 30, 1975

644. DISCOVERY OF LATE PERMIAN ARAXOCERAS FROM THE TOYOMA FORMATION IN THE KITAKAMI MASSIF, NORTHEAST JAPAN*

MASAFUMI MURATA

Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai 980

and

YUH BANDO

Department of Geology, Faculty of Education, Kagawa University, Takamatsu 760

~t;J::!1f:l1!!ff*~ J: ~ "lvA~~M Araxoceras 0)3£~: '8~!Jit*atl1);

Introduction and Acknowledgments the Toyoma Formation to the Late Permian age, on the basis of its strati­ The Toyoma Formation, representing graphical position and the geological age the upper part of the Permian System in of the underlying formations, because of the southern part of the Kitakami Massif, the lack of fossils. consists mainly of black slate of about In the present article the writers des­ 1,700 meters in thickness. In spite of cribe a D zhulfian ammonoid, Araxoceras, the stratigraphical and paleontological collected from the Toyama Formation studies by many authors for many yeras, and stress its stratigraphical significance. no fossils useful for dating the formation The writers offer their cordial thanks have been found. HANZAWA and MURATA here to Dr. Kotara HATAI, Professor (1963) and MURATA (1964, 1969) assigned Emeritus of Tohoku University, and to * Received Oct. 30, 1974: read Oct. 3, 1973 Dr. Yoshio ONUKI, Hase Geological Survey at Tokyo. Office, Sendai, for their kind guidance 22 644. Late Permian Araxoceras from Toyoma Formation 23 and advice to this study. The writers part of the Kitakami Massif is almost also express their sincere thanks to Pro­ barren of fossils. However, in the past fessor Keiji NAKAZA w A, Kyoto University, nearly fifty years some fossils were found and to Associate Professor Ken-ichi sporadically from the formation, and were ISHII, Osaka City University, for their listed by MABUTI and NODA (1934), INAI advice and encouragement. The present and TAKAHASHI (1940), SHIIDA (1940), authors are indebted to the member of CHISAKA (1935), ONUKI et al. (1960), UEDA the Permo-Triassic Working Group who (1963) and SATO (1969). Some of the are concentrating on the Lower Hima­ fossils were described by HA YASAKA layan Belt in a comparative study with (1924, 1967), SUGIYAMA (1942), KOBAYASHI the Permian ammonoids from Kashmir of (1945), MURATA (1967, 1969) and NAKA­ India and from Iran. The writers' sincere ZAWA and NEWELL (1968). thanks are extended to Dr. Hushang Recently, the senior writer was suc­ T ARAZ and Mr. Farrock GOLSHAN I of cessful in working out a biostratigraphi­ the Geological Survey of Iran, for their cal subdivision of the Toyoma Formation kind help during the field work in Iran, as follows:* in 1969 and 1972. Kitakamispira hanzawai (MS)-Nucu­ lopsis mabutii (MS) zone, Palaeoneilo ogachiensis-Phestia kon'noi (MS) zone, Stratigraphical Note of the and Euphemitopsis kitakamiensis­ Toyoma Formation at the Astartella toyomensis zone. Ammonoid Locality The lower fossil zone is defined by the stratigraphic range of Euphemitopsis The Toyoma Formation was proposed kitakamiensis MURATA and Astartella by MABUTI (1932, MS) for a thick clay toyomensis NAKAZAWA and NEWELL. slate formation, which is superposed with This zone can be confirmed in almost all conformity upon the Yamazaki Conglo­ of the six areas. It corresponds to the merate, exposed in the vicinity of Kita­ lower of the Toyoma Formation, from zawa, Toyoma-cho, Tome-gun" .. Miyagi the base up to about 500 meters. In the Prefecture. In the Kitakami Massif, the Kitakami Massif, Lepidolina multiseptata Toyoma Formation is developed in six (DEPRAT) and L. lwmaensis KANMERA separate areas, and shows rather uniform range up to just below the Euphemitopsis lithological facies, consisting of thick kitakamiensis-Astartella toyomensis zone black slate intercalated with medium- to as shown in Fig. 3. The middle fossil fine-grained sandstone layers and small zone is defined by the range of Palaeoneilo lenses of pebbly conglomerate in the lower ogachiensis HA YASAKA and Phestia kon'­ part. The Toyoma Formation is covered noi MURATA (MS). It is about 500 to with distinct unconformity by the 600 meters thick uniformly, and is widely Scythian Hiraiso Formation. 'Consequent­ distributed except for the Karakuwa Area. ly, the thickness of the Toyoma For­ This fossil zone corresponds to the middle maton varies in different areas due to part of the Toyoma Formation, however, the pre-Triassic erosion. In the type the upper part of the formation was area, this formation is 750 meters thick, and the maximum thickness attains 1,700 * Details of the biostratigraphical and meters in the Utatsu Area. paleontological studies on the Toyoma For­ The Toyoma Formation in the southern mation' will be treated in the next paper. 24 Masafumi MURATA and Yuji BANDO

I;+!+l Granites

L-M Trias.I;:.::.:l I NAI Group Up. Perm. § TOYOMA Form.

0"", ==,5==~10=====,,1\5 km

Fig. 1. Distribution of the Toyoma Formation in the southern part of the Kitakami Massif. 644. Late Permian Araxoceras from Toyoma Formation 25

~I"··walzakl ~y.~o

C. Q2J ::Ja FUKKOSHI Form. L- C) OSAWA Form. ~ « [EJ z HIRAISO Form . TOYOMA Form. o 2km •ID8B IWAIZAKI Limestone x Locality of Aroxoceros sp. Fig. 2. Geological map of the Toyoma Formation in the Motoyoshi Area. eroded away throughout before the be­ about 900 meters at Hirasio. ginning of the Triassic. The upper From the uppermost part of the Iwai­ fossil zone is only confirmed in the U ta­ zaki Limestone, Lepidolina 11lultiseptata­ tsu Area, where the Toyoma Formation L. kU11laensis fauna was described by attains its maximum thickness. MORIKA w A (1960) and CHOI (1970, 1973). The sea coast of Hiraiso, Motoyoshi­ The fauna of the Euphe11litopsis kita­ cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, ka11liensis- Astartella toyo11lensis zone where the present Araxoceras sp. was could not yet be found from the lower found, is the type locality of the Early part of the Toyoma Formation in the Triassic (Scythian) Hiraiso Formation. Hiraiso Area, except for a trace fossil Here the black slate of the Toyoma For­ of Notaculites toyo11lensis KOBA Y ASH!. mation is covered by the Hiraiso For­ From a horizon 10 to 20 meters below mation with distinct unconformity. The the base of the Lower Triassic Hiraiso Toyoma Formation is exposed sporadi­ Formation at Hiraiso, however, the cally along the sea coast from Hiraiso Toyoma Formation yielded many mol­ to Iwaizaki, Kesennuma City, Miyagi luscan fossils. Bellerophon sp., Leda sp., Prefecture, and rests conformably on the Yoldia sp., Anthraconeilo sp. and Nucu­ Middle Permian Iwaizaki Limestone. lana sp. were listed from this horizon by Although the Toyoma Formation is cut MABUTI and NODA (1934). Recently, the by many faults, its thickness is estimated senior writer distinguished Palaeoneilo 26 Masafumi MURATA and Yuji BANDO

South of KESENNUMA Northeast of TOYOMA IWAIZAKI HIRAI so Coast UTATSU KITAZAWA

z o I­ « IAroxoceros SP. ~ ~g:~~:~~. a:~ I.... o LL

« F ~ o >­ o I- x AS,Ps,B, E.

Slate SOOm ~ I 400 Sandy Slate .~ D !!l 300 ~ Sandstone ":ii 200 D ~ :ii'" ~ <: ! ~ '00 ~ ~" " Conglomerate §" ~ ."::: ~ " '< ~ <:: '" ~ C> ~ limestone "'" " .~ q; '< '"~ ~ i'S :.:::" --F Fault ~" ~ '§ ~ "'" ~ x Fossil Locality ...., -.i '('" ~ ~ a:

Fig. 3. Columnar sections and faunal distributions of the Toyoma Formation in the Toyoma, Motoyoshi and Utatsu areas. ogachiensis HA YASAKA, Nuculopsis ma­ The present specimen of Araxoceras butii MURATA eMS), Paleyoldia? sp., sp. (ct. A. kiangsiense CHAO) was col­ Phestia kon'noi MURATA eMS), Mourlonia lected by the senior writer at 15 meters eM.) toyomensis MURATA and Kitakami­ below the base of the Hiraiso Formation spira hanzawai MURAT A eMS) from the on the Hiraiso coast, along with many same horizon by MABUTI and NODA (1934). specimens of Phestia kon'noi eMS). This molluscan fauna belongs to the Palaeoneilo ogachiensis-Phestia kon'noi On the Araxoceras Fauna eMS) zone of the middle part of the Toyoma Formation. The genus Araxoceras was first es- 644. Late Permian Araxoceras from Toyoma Formation 27

tablished by RUZHENCEV (1959) based ceratidae. The genus Eoaraxoceras may upon the Araxes fauna from the Dzhul­ be ancestral to the Ophiceratidae rather fian of Armenian Dzhulfa. RUZHENCEV than to the Araxoceratidae as already (1959) described some species of Araxo­ pointed out by BANDO (1973), judging from ceras, i. e. A. latissimum RUZHENCEV the characters of septa and whorls. (type species), A. trochoides (ABICH) and The genus Araxoceras may be also A. sp. nov., and subsequently he (1962, ancestral to Otoceras s. str. which is well 1963) described A. latum RUZHENCEV, A. known from the Himalayas (Spiti, Niti varicatum RUZH., A. glenisteri RUZH., A. and Kashmir), Greenland, South China, rotoides RUZH. and A. tectum RUZH. from Siberia. North America and Timor?, but the same Dzhulfian bed. Araxoceras has not been recorded to date Another species, Araxoceras kiangsiense in association with Otoceras s. str. Con­ CHAO, was repoted by CHAO (1965) from cerning the relation between the Dzhul­ the Loping Coal Series of the Wuchiaping fian Araxoceras and the Early Triassic Formation, lower part of the Loping Otoceras various problems have been Series, in Kiangsi. According to CHAO presented by many authors. Recently, (1965), the Araxoceras fauna from the KUMMEL (1972) concluded that Araxoceras Wuchiaping Formation in Kiangsi con­ is belonged to the Otoceratidae, and tains Andersonoceras, Prototoceras, Ara­ BANDO (1971, 1973) commented on the xoceras, Vescotoceras and Pseudogastrio­ evolutional trends and morphological ceras. This Kiangsi fauna is almost changes from Araxoceras to Otoceras. comparable with the Dzhulfian fauna. The Japanese Araxoceras from the In Iran, the Dzhulfian fauna was re­ Toyoma Formation is similar to Araxo­ ported by STEPANOV, GOLSHANI and ceras kiangsiense CHAO in the morpho­ STOCKLIN (1969) and TEICHERT, KUMMEL logical characters, but the material is too and SWEET (1973) from the Permo­ small to be identified with the Chinese Triassic section at Kuh-e-Ali Bashi in species. According to the observation On Iranian Julfa along the Araxes River, the Iranian Aroxoceras, the ontogenetic Northwest Iran, and it was identified variation of shell form is considerably with the fauna repoted by RUZHENCEV prominent in each stage. (1959, 1962, 1963) and RUZHENCEV and SARYCEVA (1965). In the Zagros Range, T ARAZ (1969, 1971) repoted the occurrence Description of Species of the Araxoceras fauna from the Dzhul­ fian bed of the Abadeh section, exposed by Yuji BANDO at Kuh-e-Hambast, near Abadeh. In the western hemisphere, Eoaraxo­ Superfamily Otocerataceae ceras ruzhencevi SPINOSA, FURNISH and HYATT, 1900 GLENISTER was described by SPINOSA. FURNISH and GLENISTER (1970) from the Family Araxoceratidae uppermost Guadalupian (Amarassian) La RUZHENCEV, 1959 Colorada beds of the Valle de Las Delicias in Coahuila, Mexico. They regarded Genus Araxoceras RUZHENCEV, 1959 this species as a representative form of Type Species: Araxoceras latissimum RUZI-IEN­ the phyletic link between the Guadalupian CEV, 1959, p. 58, figs. la, 2a. Paraceltitinae and the Dzhulfian Araxo- 28 Masafumi MURATA and Yuji BANDO

Remarks: The type species illustrated Araxoceras sp. (d. A. kiangsiense CHAO) by RUZHENCEV (1959, p. 59, fig. 1a) has a wide umbilicus with ear-like projected Figs. 4-6 umbilical margin and widely tabulated Compare: venter with sharply edged shoulders. Araxoceras kiangsiense CHAO, 1965, p. 1820, Araxoceras has no keel on the venter, text-fig. 3a, pI. 2, figs. 10, 11. but some species have a median ridge Kiangsiceras rotule CHAO, 1965, p. 1820, text­ on the venter. fig. 3c, pI. 2, figs. 4-6. The genus Araxoceras may be a form intermediate from the groups of Vedio­ Description: - Shell rather involute, ceras, Prototoceras and Avushoceras to whorls depressed, with broadly tabulated the group of Otoceras in the evolutional venter and sharply projected umbilical trend judging from the morphological shoulders. Sides concave and ventral transformations (BANDO, 1973). shoulders sharply edged. Umbilical dia­ Occurrence and geological horizon:­ meter about 1/3 of shell diameter, and Lower Dzhulfian bed at Dzhulfa in umbilical wall steep, funnel-shaped. Armenia and Iran, Loping coal series of Breadth of whorl widest at umbilical the Wuchiaping Formation in Kiangsi, margin. Height of whorl about 1/2 of South China, and middle part of the width, and width of venter about 1/3 of Toyoma Formation, Northeast Japan. width of whorl. No ribs or striations on Late Permian Dzhulfian stage. shell surface. Venter ornamented with a median ridge. Suture unknown.

Measurements (in mm.):-

D H W U HID W!H UID 16.6(13.1) 6.0 10.5 6.5(5.2) 0.36 1. 75 0.39

IGPS*, coIl. cat. no. 93346

Remarks :-The material at hand com­ identify the Japanese species with the prises only a single specimen, and half Chinese one, because the specimens from of the whorl is an internal mould. The Japan and China represent younger stage specimen is small and represents a of Araxoceras. younger stage of Araxoceras, but the The ill ustrated specimen of Kiangsiceras preservation of the shell is considerably rotule CHAO (1965, p. 1820, pI. 2, figs. 4- well for study. The specimen at hand 6) from the Loashan Shale of the Loping resembles that of Araxoceras kiangsiense Group in Kiangsi Province of South CHAO which was reported by CHAO (1965) China is similar to the present specimen from th Loping Coal Series of the in the ventral features and whorl shape, Wuchiaping Formation in Kiangsi, South and the present writer thinks that the China, but in detail it is difficult to species Kiangsiceras rotule may be the same as Araxoceras kiangsiense judging * Abbreviation for the Institute of Geology from the photographs by CHAO (1965). and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai, The illustrated suture of Kiangsiceras Japan. rotule by CHAO (1965, text-fig. 3c) is 644. Late Permian Araxoceras !?'om Toyom,a Form,ation 29

4 5 6

Figs. 4- 6. Araxoceras sp. (ct. Araxoce1'as I,iangsiense CH AO) . 4: Lateral v iew, 5: Ventral view, and 6: ' ''f hor! section of t he outer whorl, IGPS, colI. cat. no. 93346, x 2. The specimen illustrated here was collected from t he black shale of the middle part of the Toyoma Formation at Hiraiso, Motoyoshi-cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, southern part of the Kitakami Massif. Early Dzhulfian ? (Late Permian) . ColI. M. MUR ATA, 1972. similar to that of Araxoceras kiangsiense p. 337- 354, pIs. 37-38. except for slight difference of first lateral -- (1971) : On the Otocera tidae, Triassic lobe. Moreover, the form of venter is ammonoids, and its stratig raphical sig­ completely similar to that of Araxoceras nificance. Kagawa Univ., Fac. Educ., M em . Pt. 2 , no. 203, p. l - 11, pIs. 1- 3 ( in 1?ia ngsiense. The present writer considers Japanese with English abstract) . that J(iangsiceras rotule should be identi­ - - (1 973): On the Otocera t idae and Ophi­ fied as A. Iziangsiense judging from their ceratidae. Sci. Rep., Toholcu Univ., 2nd whorl section, ventral feature, ear-like Ser. (Ceol. ), Spec. Vol ., no. 6 (Hatai umbilical margin and suture. Mem. Vol.), p. 337- 351, pIs. 38, 39. The present specimen partly resembles CH AO, K . (1965) : The Permian ammonoid­ that of Araxoceras varicatum RUZHENCEv bearing formations of South China. (RuzHENcEv, 1962, p. 91, pI. 4, fig. 2) in Scienlia Sinica, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 181 3- the form of the venter, but the former 1825, pIs. 1, 2. has more convex and wider venter than CHI SAKA, T. (1953) : On the Permian System the latter. of the south-westrn part of the Kitakami Mountainland (Maiya District) . Siudies Occu1Tence and geological horizon:­ Ceol. Mill . Insl., T okyo Univ. Education, Black slate of the middle part of the no. 2, p. 1- 9 (in Japanese). Toyama Formation at Hiraiso, Motoyoshi­ CH OI , Dong Ryong (1970): On some Permian cho, Motoyoshi-gun, Miyagi Prefecture, fusulinids from Iwaizaki, N. E. Japan. southern part of the Kitakami Massif, Jour. Fac . Sci . Hokkaido Univ., S er. IV, Northeast Japan. Early Dzhulfian? of Ceo l. & Mineral., vol. 14, no. 3, p. 313- the Late Permian. Reg. No. IGPS, colI. 325 , pIs . 5- 8. cat. no. 93346, colI. M. MURATA, 1972. -- (1973) : Perm ian fusulinids from the Setamai- Yahagi District, Southern Kita­ kami Mountains, N. E. Japan. Ibid., vol. References 16, no. 1, p. 1- 132, 12 text-figs., 3 tabs., pIs. 1- 20. BAN DO, Y. (1970): Lower Triassic Ammo­ HANZAWA, S. and M URATA, M. (1963) : The noids from the Kitakami MassiE: Trans. paleontologic and stratigraphic consider­ Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N . 5 ., no. 79 , ations on the Neoschwagerininae and 30 Masafumi MURATA and Yuji BANDO

Verbeekininae, with the descriptions of Permian bivalves of Japan. Mem. Fac. fusulinid Foraminifera from the Kitakami Sci., Kyoto Univ., Ser. B, vol. 35, no. 1, Massif, Japan. Sci. Rep., Tohoku Univ., p. 1-108, pIs. 1-1l. 2nd Ser. (Ceol.) vol. 35, p. 1-31, 10 text­ ONUKI, Y., MURATA, M., BANDO, Y. and figs., 5 tabs., pIs. 1-20. MITo, A. (1960): On the Permian HAY ASAKA, I. (1924): Fossils in the roofing System of the Maiya district in the slate of Ogachi, Provo Rikuzen. japan. Southern Kitakami Massif, Japan. Ceol. jour. Ceol. Ceogr., vol. 3, no. 2, p. 45-53, Soc. japan, jour., vol. 66, no. 792, p. 717- pI. 6. 732 (in Japanese with English abstract). -- (1967): Some Permian fossils from RUZHEI\CEV, V. E. (1959): Classification of Southern Kitakami, VII. Two species of the Superfamily Otocerataceae. Pal. Phmymatifer. Proc. japan Acad., vol. 43, jour., Acad. Sci., U. S. S. R., no. 2, p.56- no. 2, p. 143-147. 57 (in Russian). INAI, Y. and TAKAHASHI, T. (1940): Geology -- (1962): Classification of the Family of the southern end of the Kitakami Araxoceratidae. Ibid., no. 4, p. 88-103 Massif. Cont. Inst. Ceol. Pal., Tohoku (in Russian). Univ., no. 34, p. 1-40 (in Japanese). -- (1963): New data on the Family Ar­ KOBAYASHI, T. (1945): Notaculites toyo­ axoceratidae. Ibid., no. 3, p. 56-64 (in mensis, a new trail found in the Upper Russian). Permian Toyoma Series in Nippon. japan. -- and SARYCHEVA, T. G. (165): Evolution jour. Ceol. Ceogr., vol. 20, p. 13-18, pI. 2. and change of marine organisms at the KUMMEL, B. (1972): The Lower Triassic boundary between the Paleozoic and (Scythian) ammonoid Otoceras. Bull. Mesozoic. Trans. Paleont. Inst. Acad. Mus. Compo Zool., Harvard Univ., vol. Sci., U. S. S. R., no. 119, p. 1-271 (in 143, no. 6, p. 365-393, pIs. 1-12. Russian). MABUTI, S. (1932, MS): Stratigraphy of the SATO, K. (1969): Stratigraphy of the Permian Paleozoic rocks of the Tabashine-yama System in the area of Toyoma Town, Massif, southern part of the Kitakami southern Kitakami Massif, Japan. Ceol. Massif. Tohoku Univ. Inst. Ceol. Pal., Soc. japan, jour., vol. 75, no. 11, p. 555- Craduation Thesis (in Japanese). 570 (in Japanese with English abstract). -- and NODA, M. (1934): On the Paleozoic SHIIDA, I. (1940): On the geology of the rocks in the southern part of the Kita­ vicinity of Kesennuma-cho, Miyagi Pre­ kami Massif. Ceol. Soc. japan, jour., fecture. Cont. Inst. Ceol. Pal., Tohoku vol. 41, no. 489, p. 401-403 (in Japaeese). Univ., no. 33, p. 1-72, pI. 1 (in Japanese). MORIKA\YA, R. (1960): Fusulinids from the SPINOSA, C., FURNISH, W. M. and GLENISTER, Iwaizaki Limestone. Sci. Rep., Saitama B. F. (1970): Araxoceratidae, Upper Univ., Ser. B, vol. 3, p. 273-300, 3 text­ Permian ammonoids from Western Hemi­ figs., 16 tabs., pIs. 46-53. sphere. jour. Paleont., vol. 44, no. 4, p. MURATA, M. (1964): Geological age of the 730-736. Kanokura Formation in the southern STEPANOV, D. L., GOLSHANI, F. and STOCK LIN, part of the Kitakami Massif, Northeast J. (1969): Upper Permian and Permian­ Japan. Saito Ho-on Kai Mus., Res. Bull., Triassic boundary in Norte Iran. Ceol. no. 33, p. 17-29, 1 text-fig., 1 tab. Surv. Iran, Rep., no. 12, p. 1-67, pis. 1-15. -- (1967): Some Permian Conularidae from SUGIY AM A, T. (1942): Studies on the Ja­ the Kitakami Massif, Northeast Japan. panese Conularida. Ceol. Soc. japan, Ibid., no. 36, p. 9-16, 2 text.figs., 1 pI. jour., vol. 49, no. 589, p. 390-399, pI. 15. -- (1969): Molluscan fauna of the Toyoma T ARAZ, H. (1969): Permo-Triassic section Formation (Late Permian). Ibid., no. in Central Iran. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. 38, p. 1-22, pIs. 1-4. Ceo!., Bull., vol. 53, no. 3, p. 688-693. NAKAZAWA, K. and NEWELL, N. D. (1968): - (1971): Uppermost Permian and Permo- 644. Late Permian Araxooeras from Toyoma Formation 31

Triassic transition beds in Central Iran. Ali Bashi, Northwestern Iran. Bull. Ibid., vol. 55, no. 8, p. 1280-1294. Mus. Compo Zool., Harvard Univ., vol. rEICHERT, C., KUMMEL, B. and SWEET, W. 145, no. 8, p. 359-472, pIs. 1-14. (1973): Permian·Triassic strata, Kuh-e-

Hiraiso Kitazawa Iwaizaki Toyoma Karakuwa Utatsu Kiangsi Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 97, pp. 32-47, pI. 2-4, April, 30, 1975

645. ONTOGENIES OF TWO SPECIES OF SILICIFIED TRILOBITES FROM MIDDLE ORDOVICIAN, VIRGINIA *

CHUNG-HUNG HU

Department of Earth Sciences, Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

/~ -:;.=. 71+19='$* Iv F 1:::' ;<.*gjHt{t=~;g 2 :fiO)Mf*¥e1:: RemoPleurides caelatus :to J: V' Isotelus sp. O)Mf*lt. 7»,,::>'( WHlTTINGTON (1959) :to J: V' EVITT (1961) IC J: "? '(8C.t(~nt,:iJ~, tJ:M~1}O)~I1fL~iJ~~ ~n '( ~ ,t,:o ~:1!Ht.l:~c.j~ifll{t~*~¥rU::.liIf1l: L, EVITT Ie J: 7.> Isotelus sp. O)JJi(tmf*lt. R. caelatus r:::', it,: WHITTINGTON tc J: 7.> Tretaspis sagenosus O)JJi(tmf*tJ: I? V'lc R. caphyrides 0)~fJ9f*lt. Isotelus sp. fc-tn.."f n~-t7.>,:,c~flf.Il?iJ'lcLt,:o iiJl ,'t!, ®:

Introduction terial came from the Chambersburg Limestone, Middle Ordovician, at Willow The ontogenetic development of two Groove, 3 miles southwest of Woodstock, species of Middle Ordovician trilobites is Virginia. All of the materials are fine described. They are Remopleurides grained black limestone, containing very caelatus WHITTINGTON and Isotelus sp. abundant trilobite fragments, bryozoans, The first species can be segregated into ostracodes. a few brachiopods, and two groups by minor morphologic dif­ conodonts. The fragments are well silici­ ferences within the same species popu­ fied, and all were etched from the lation. These bimodal traits are seen limestone in the 5"", 10% diluted glacial either in the characters of the cranidium acetic acid as employed by WHITTINGTON or pygidium, or both, and are probably and EVITT (1953). About seventeen represent the secondary sexual features species of trilobites with very well pre­ of the two sexes of the respective served growth sequence are recovered species. The sex of R. caelatus is deter­ from the original acidified residues. mined by its sexual ratio or the number The present report is a small part of of the individual specimens within the these research, and the most undescribed two morphologic groups (Hu, 1968, 1971). materials will subsequently be published The specimens of R. caelalus were in near future. collected by Dr. F. RASETTI, Universita The writer wishes to give his thanks Degli Studi, Roma, from the Edinburg to Dr. K. E. CASTER, University of Cin­ Formation, Middle Ordovician, 1.5 mile cinnati, Ohio, for his supervision and southeast of Strasburg Junction, Virginia, kindly reading over the present manu­ and those of Isotelus sp. are collections script. Thanks are also given to Dr. F. of the Geology Museum, University of RASETTI, Universita Degli Studi, Roma, Cincinnati, Ohio. The Isolelus sp. ma- and the Geology Museum, University of * Received Sept. 30, 1974; read June 14, Cincinnati, for permission to study their 1975. collections. The figured specimens are 32 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 33 all stored in the Geology Museum, Uni­ hypostoma is strongly impressed with versity, Ohio (U. C. G. M.). the concentric wrinkles and a medium­ sized triangular median boss is present; Systematic Paleontology the "male" pygidium possesses a median ridge behind the bilobed terminal portion. Family Remopleurididae The cranidium of the "female" has a narrower glabella, longer anterior gla­ HA WLE & CORDA, 1847 bellar nock or tongue, the posterior Genus Remopleurides PORTLOCK. 1843 librigena is wider and has be bifurcation, the hypostoma is smooth without a Remopleurides caelatus WHITTINGTON median boss, and the pygidium possesses PIs. 2, 3, and text·figs. 1, 2 no median ridge behind the bilobed terminal portion. Remopleurides caelatus WHITTINGTON, 1959, The ontogenetic development of the pI. 4, figs. 1-25, text·fig. 5 only (not fig. present species shows a very complete 4), p. 40l. growth sequence from the early protaspis Asaphidae (lsotelus sp.), EVITT, 1961, pI. 117, to the fully developed adult form. The figs. 1-19, pI. 118, figs. 1-34, 37-39, and early protaspis shows no special exoske­ text-figs. 1-4 only, p. 986-995. letal characteristics dorsally, no median Discussion.- - The characteristics of tubercle or paired anterior glabellar this species conform to WHITTINGTON'S granules; two pairs of short spines are (1959) description represented by material located at both anterior and posterior from the Lower Edingburg Formation, lateral margins. The meraspid skeletons located at 2-4, 6, and 7, Virginia. The are well differentiated into cranidium, specimens are extremely abundant within librigena, hypostoma and pygidium. The the faunal assemblage. Several hundred early immature pygidium possesses five of both immature and mature skeletal axial rings and elongate terminal portion. fragments were acid-etched from a few In the later growth stage the five axial pieces of dark . limestone. Four species rings are possibly developed into five are available under the genus Remo­ thoracic segments and an elongate termi­ pleurides, these are R. caelatus WHI­ nal portion which correlates with a TINGTON, . R.· eximium WHITTINGTON, R. specific thoracic segmental spine of the asperulus WHITTINGTON, and R. caphy­ still later growth stages. The holaspid roides WHITTINGTON; the last two are pygidium is developed laterally behind very rare, and also their growth sequences the median spinous thoracic segment. are incompletely known. In the larger specimens the cephalic The present species can be morpho­ spines of the cranidium to be reduced logically differentiated into two different and the glabella increases in width later­ groups by their minor features. These ally. The fixigena becomes narrow and differences seem best to be attributed to then disappear. The hypostoma increases sexual· dimorphism. In comparing two in length and its marginal spines are cranidia and pygidia of the same size, reduced. the" male" glabella-is greatly expanded The present material suggests that the laterally, the anterior glabella is nicked supposed early protaspides of Isotelussp. or tongue-shaped, the posterior librigena reported by EVITT (1961) possibly belong is narrow and minutely bifurcated, the to the early protaspides of Remopleiit-ides 34 Chung-Hung Hu caelatus WHITTINGTON. The supposed skeleton has three pairs of marginal protaspides of Tretaspis sagenosus WHIT­ spines, belong to Isotelus sp. TINGTON reported by WHITTINGTON The early development of the present (1959) now appear to belong to Isotelus species is compositely similar for the sp. The earliest ontogenetic sequence most part to that attributed by WHIT­ of R. caphyroides and R. caelatus were TINGTON (1959) and EVITT (1961) to unknown to WHITTINGTON, and the Menoparia genalunata Ross (Ross, 1951) meraspides of Isotelus sp. were reported and Isotelus sp. All immature skeletons by EVITT as "missing" in the record are extremely convex, broadly rounded possibly because of incomplete molting and faintly marked with dorsal furrows of the youthful exoskeleton, or due to without any indication of segmentation; differences in referred habitats at dif­ the palpebral lobe is large, with two or ferent stages in the life cycle. The three pairs of spines extending along the present assumption is based on the gradual shield margin. Thus, among these genera, appearance or absence of certain skeletal WHITTINGTON (1959) considered that ornamentation, e. g., the median tuberble Menoparia and Remopleurides represent and paired granules on the glabella, two subfamilies of Remopleuridae, and number of marginal spines, and median EVITT (1961) considered the Asaphidae spinous thoracic segment. These mor­ and Remopleuridae to be the families phologic metamorphoses are traceable whose phylogenies were closely related. uninterruptedly from stage to stage. It is obviously that these interpretations For example, the cranidium possesses an are derived from the different numbers median tubercle and no paired granules of marginal shield spines, e. g., both of on the anterior glabella, the pygidium the early immature skeletons of Menoparia has a large elongate terminal portion and Remopleurides possess three pairs which correlates with the spinous thoracic of marginal spines, whereas Isotelus sp. segment later, and the librigena or possesses two pairs only. In fact, if the librigeno-hypostoma shows a small tuber­ present assignment of the early prot­ cle internally and a depression externally asp ides and mer asp ides of each genus as (EVITT, 1961, pI. 118, figs. 13, 17), and the indicated in the preceding paragraph are early skeleton has two pairs of marginal acceptable, then the skeletal spines, either spines only. These features evidently two or three pairs, may not have very belong to the R. caelatus. On the other much phylogenetic or taxonomic signi­ hand, those larval glabellae which bear ficance, since, within the same genus, a median tubercle and a pair of rather certain species may have two or three minute anterior granules, and in which pairs of marginal spines. For instance, the pygidium possesses no large elongate R. caelatus has two pairs, and R. caphy­ terminal portion, and the early immature roides and R. eximius have three pairs.

Text-fig. 1. A growth sequence of Remopleurides cae latus WHITTINGTON. A, a problem­ atic anaprotaspis, x 24; B, dorsal view of a metaprotaspis, x 24; C-E, G,dorsal and ventral views of a few paraprotaspides, x 24, x 20, x 20; F, an early meraspid cranidium, x 18; H, I, dorsal views of two late meraspid cranidia, x 20; ], a " male" hypostoma, x 20 ; K, a " female" hypostoma, x 20; L, M, ventral and dorsal views of a "male" cranidium, x 8; N, a "female" librigena, x 5; 0, a "male" librigena, x 5; P, a "female" cranidium, x 8. (All drawings were made from photographs.) 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 35

A B c o

H E G F

J K L

N o p 36 Chung-Hung Hu Here, the writer considers that the genera located at the anterior half of the shield. [sotelus, Remopleurides, and Menoparia The protopygidium is possibly developed all possess no rostrum but the paired immediately behind the posterior end of librigena only, and are connected by the facial suture and has four or five median suture. These all belong to the faint segments. The late protopygidium group birostraloid as proposed previously is round and consists of five uniform by the author (1971). annular, a large terminal portion, and five Figured specimens:- pleural bands. The internal surface of "Male" form, Cranidia, U.C.G.M. 40416q, the protopygidium has four pairs of w-z, aI, b', Librigenae, U.C.G.M. 40416z', marginal spines along the narrow pos­ aa, Hypostomara, U. C. G. M. 40416u, v, terior doublure. The present period is Pygidia, U. C. G. M. 40416j'-1', p'. subdivided into the anaprotaspid, meta­ " Female" form, Cranidia, U. C. G. M. protaspid, and paraprotaspid stages by 40416cc-ff, Librigenae, U.C.G.M. 40416y', the presence or absence of the axial lobe, bb, Hypostomara, U. C. G. M. 40416s', t', facial suture, and protopygidium. Pygidia, U. C. G. M. 40416q'. Anaprotaspid stage (PI. 2, fig. 1, and text-fig. lA):-The shield is about 0.7 mm in length (sag.), spherical to oval, some­ Remopleurides caelatus WHITTINGTON, what longer than transverse, convex, ontogeny domed, without any distinct marking on the dorsal surface, except for fine The ontogenetic development of the granules. present species is separated into three Only a single specimen has been re­ divisions: protaspid, meraspid, and covered; the ventral view of the speci­ holaspid periods. The main develop­ men shows a rounded cavity; no librigena mental features of the protaspid period or hypostoma are in place. The shield may be briefly described as follows: margin is incomplete and irregularly Protaspia period:-The shield is spheri­ wedge-shaped, which may be the result cal to subspherical in outline, convex, of breakage. with the axis somewhat longer than Metaprotaspid stage (PI. 2, fig. 2, and wide, and generally shows a medusoid­ text-fig. 18):-The shield is round to form with the large shield above and the sub round in outline, dome-shaped, some­ spiny librigeno-hypostoma hanging below; what longitudinally convex, and about about 0.7-1.4 mm in length (sag.). The 0.7-1.0 mm in length (sag.). Possibly a surface is smmoth or faintly granulated, pair of spines at the anterior lateral with a pair of pits and faint axial margin projects obliquely downward from furrows present on the anterior margin the frontal border; another pair projects of the shield. The ventral aspect of the postero-laterally immediately from behind shield commonly has well-developed of the posterior border. The dorsal librigena and hypostoma fused as a surface of the shield is marked by a pair single structure. The facial suture is of distinct anterior pits. The axial and well developed in the earliest stage, but the pleural lobes are incompletely dif­ is invisible from the dorsal view. The ferentiated. The surface of the shield is palpebral lobe is. well recognized in the covered by faint granules and a longi­ later growth stage, which is indicated tudinal furrow occurs along the median by the course of the facial suture. It is axis. The under view of the specimen 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 37 shows a round hollow with the narrow, and without distinct doublure. The crescentic, evanescent librigena located anterior end of the librigena is sometimes at the right side of the shield margin. flat or slightly depressed externally, and This stage is equivalent to the earliest possibly bears a small tubercle internally protaspis of EVITT (1961). (EVITT, 1961, pI. 118, figs. 10, 13, 17). Paraprotaspid stage (PI. 2, figs. 3-7, 12, The associated late paraprotaspid 13; pI. 3, figs. 1-4, 21, 22; and text-fig. pygidium is not articulated with the IE, G, and 2A, B.):-The shield lengths cranidium. It is convex, round to sub­ vary from 1.0-1.2 mm (sag.) ; subspherical round in outline, about 0.5-0.7 mm in in outline, with the anterior half slightly length (sag.) with well defined axial and broader than the posterior end: convex pleural lobes. The axis is convex, ele­ along the axial lobe, but moderately vated above the pleural lobes, gently flattened at the anterior and strongly tapering at the posterior, and divided convex behind. A pair of elongate into five nearly uniform axial rings and anterior pits is distinctly impressed along an elongate terminal portion. The pleural the incompletely developed axial furrow. lobe is twice as wide as the axis, slopes _ No glabellar furrows or segments are gently to the lateral margin except post­ visible. The facial suture appears behind ero-laterally at the axal region, which is the antero-lateral cephalic spines and in bent down nearly vertically. The ventral front of the mid-length of the shield; it side of the specimen shows four pairs of curves strongly laterally along the tiny spines situated along the posterior rounded palpebral lobe. The posterior pygidial margin. The doublure is widest facial suture rounds downward, under at the posterior, diminished anteriorly, and inward almost to the posterior mid­ and disappears at the anterior lateral line, then makes a short-cut at an acute corners. angle to the free margin. The posterior The present stage is correlated with cephalic margin is not known, but is the latest protaspides of EVITT (1961, p. possibly immediately behind the equatori­ 988), and with the meraspid degree 0 of al line, between the posterior end of the WHITTINGTON (1959, p. 406). facial suture lines. In some early shield M eraspid period: - The cranidium of the protopygidium is indicated by a few pygidium are generally disarticulated. faint segments. Therefore, any association of these parts Librigena and hypostoma are fused into is synthetic. In the present species the a single structure. The librigena is a cranidium is an isolated part, not as­ narrow crescentic band, and its lateral sociated with the librigena and the side has a facial suture extending upward pygidium. It is small and subquadrate along the vertical ocular platform. The in outline, convex, and retains a pair of hypostoma is subcircular in outline, long anterior cephalic spines. It has no convex, and its central body is V -shaped; distinct glabellar furrow. The palpebral its anterior is connected with the librigena, lobes are large and located between the and tapers back to form a sharp pro­ cephalic spines and the narrow posterior jection. The lateral margin is crescentic fixigena. The large specimen lacks the and is projected oblique-laterally into four anterior cephalic spines, but has well pairs of long slender spines. The lateral developed dorsal furrows and sickle­ hypostomal borders are nearly vertical, shaped palpebral lobes. The largest thickened slightly at the free margin, cranidium shows that the fixigena is 38 Chung-Hung Hu reduced by lateral expansion of the panded from the occipital furrow for­ glabella between the eye lobes; it is wardly to the anterior margin and no crescentic, narrow and disappears during glabellar furrow is visible. The anterior the later growth stage. margin arches gently forward; no pre­ The librigeno-hypostoma is differenti­ glabellar field is present. The occipital ated into isolated parts, i. e., librigena ring is moderately convex, bearing a and hypostoma. The librigena is narrow, minute node close to the anterior margin. crescentic, bears a short genal spine. The occipital furrow is narrow and dis­ The hypostoma is elongate, and the four ~inctly impressed with an anterior edge­ pairs of marginal spines and a posterior the glabellar base-which is higher than spine are still retained. the occipital ring. The fixigena is The early meraspid pygidium is tri­ crescentic, faintly delimited by dorsal angular, convex, and consists of three and palpebral furrows, and its greatest pairs of marginal spines and a long width is situated on the mid-line of the median axial one which is curved and glabella (tr.). The posterior fixigena is directed upward at the posterior. The rather narrow (sag.), low, and sharply late meraspid pygidium is quadrate to pointed laterally from the side of the subquadrate in outline, convex and has occipital ring. two to three pairs of short broad pleural The hypostoma is elongate, convex, spines. The broad axial lobe is divided having a wedge-shaped median body. into two rings and a broad semicircular The median body is faintly delimited by terminal portion. The axial ring is with­ lateral furrows and continuously runs out spine. into a median spine directed toward the Although the median spinous thoracic posterior end. The four pairs of lateral segment of the present stage is possibly marginal spines are shorter and stouter correlated with the terminal portion­ than in the early growth stage; they are the sixth axial ring-of the protopygi­ equi-spaced and radiated from the margin. dium, and the latest meraspid pygidium, The pygidium is about 0.5-1.0 mm or true pygidium, which is added to the length, convex, triangular in outline, spinous segment, is newly developed; bearing a long stout upwardly curving this pygidium does not possess an axial median axial spine. The axial lobe is spine, convexity, or an elongate terminal rather broad, divided into 2-3 segments portion. If the present interpretation is by indistinct axial furrows, and convex acceptable, then it is possibly that the above the pleural lobes. Three pairs of present species has five thoracic segments thorn-like pleural spines, in essence ex­ in front of the median axial spine, since tensions of the pleural bands are directed only in the earliest stage its recognizable, postero-laterally. The ventral view of or paraprotaspid pygidium has five axial the specimen shows a narrow curved rings in front of the elongate terminal doublure along the margin with a median portion. posterior notch. The median segmental Early meraspid stage (PI. 2 figs. 8-11; spine is possibly located at the third pI. 3, figs. 5-7; text-figs. IF, and 2C, D):­ axial ring-two complete axial rings and The cranidium is about 1.0-1.4 mm in a half ring-, and behind this spinous length (sag.), trapezoidal in outline, segment it may be assumed that there is moderately convex, and possesses a pair one more rudimentary segment. of cephalic spines. The glabella is ex- The present stage differs from the 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 39 paraprotaspis in having a well defined medium-sized and sharply pointed at the glabella and palpebral lobes; the pygi­ posterior. The doudlure is broad, running dium is without ventral marginal spines, parallel to the lateral border except at and the librigeno-hypostoma is well dif­ its anterior end, near the median suture, ferentiated into isolated parts - the where it is narrow, arched, and marked librigena and the hypostoma. with a small pit underneath and with Late meraspid stage (PI. 2, figs. 14-17; tubercles internally. pI. 3, figs. 7-11, 23-24; text-figs. lH, I, The pygidium is generally hexagonal and 2F.);-The cranidium is about 1-4- in outline, convex, and the axial rings 2.0 mm in length (sag.), and moderately are faintly impressed. The first ring is convex; the glabella has expanded be­ distinctly separated into a half and a tween the pleural lobes so that the main ring by a furrow; the second and fixigena is gradually eliminated, and the third rings may be outlined by shallow dorsal furrow coincides with the palpebral ring furrows; the anterior furrow being furrow. This furrow is broadest at its the deepest, and the following being pro­ mid-point between the palpebral lobes gressively shallower and the rings (tr.), and narrows at both anterior and shorter. The pleural lobes are rather posterior ends. The anterior margin of narrow, bearing three to four pairs of the glabella is broader than the occipital spines which extend backward from the ring (tr.). The occipital ring is lenticular, axial ring. The first pair of spines is convex, well marked by an occipital the longest, its facet angle is thick and furrow, and bears a small node near the shoulder-trap like. In the under view of anterior edge of the occipital ring and the pygidium it has a broad doublure is decorated by a serration of marginal which is under-curled with a posterior spines. No anterior fixigena is observed median notch. except for a pair of narrow ridges con­ The pygidium of the present stage is tinuously running from the anterior presumably developed behind the median palpebral lobe to the anterior lateral spinous segment, since there is no any corners of the glabella. The palpebral more spinous segment is observed. lobe is large and broad, sickle-shaped, Behind this spinous segment three more and encircles the narrow fixigena from thoracic segments and a true pygidium the side of the occipital furrow to the will be added laterally, and the holaspid posterior lateral corners of the glabella. form is achieved. The posterior lateral fixigenae are rather Figured specimens;-Anaprotaspis, narrow, and show only a pair of broad­ U.C.G.M. 40416,(Metaprotaspis, U.C.G.M. based spines extended laterally from the 40416a, Paraprotaspides, U. C. G. M. 40416b­ both sides of the occipital ring. f, k, I, cl , dl , fl, gl, Early meraspides, The librigena (pI. 3, figs. 23, 24) is es­ U.C.G.M. 40416g-j, h, iI, Late meraspides, sentially like that of an adult form, with U. C. G. M. 40416m-p, Y-l/, Protaspid hy· a narrow ocular platform outside of the postoma, U. C. G. M. 40416r-t. very large eye lobes. The rear librigenal border is narrow and strongly divaricated Family Asaphidae BURMEISTER, 1843 at the posterior from the lateral border. Neither lateral nor posterior furrows are Genus Isotelus DEKAY, 1842 recognizable. The genal spine runs con­ tinuously from the lateral border; it is Isotelus sp. 40 Chung-Hung 'Hu

A B o

E F G H

J K

Text-fig. 2. A growth sequence of Remopleurides caelatus WHITTINGTON .. A, B, dor~al and ventral views of a protopygidium, x 25; C, D, ventral, lateral; and dorsal views of two early meraspid pygidia, x 20; E, F, dorsal view of two late meraspid pygidia, x 20; G, ventral view of a pygidium,. x 15; H, dorsal view of a pygidium associated with a few of thoracic segments, x 6; L-K, ventral views of threep rotaspides, showing the librigeno-hypostoma. (Arrows indicate the correlated parts of the skeleton; half arrowdndicates thoracic segment, solid arrow indicates the spinous segment, dotted arrow indicated pygidium. L-K, redrawn from EVITT, 1961, with slight modification.) (All drawings were made frqrn photograpps.). 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 41

Pl. 4, figs. 1-33, and text-fig. 3 anterior glabellar granules are reduced

Isotelus Sp., EVITT, 1961, pi. 117, figs. 20-23, only during the late meraspid stage. pi. 118, figs. 35, 36, only (not pi. 117, Furthermore, the present material from figs. 1-19, and 118, figs. 1-34, 37-39), p. the Chambersburg Limestone contains 985-995. very abundant mature and immature Remopleurides, EVITT, 1961, text-figs. 5, 6, p. specimens, whereas the forms from the 785-995. Edinburg Formation are only a few large­ Tretaspis sagenosus WHITTI)lGTON, 1959, pi. sized fragments and no complete grown 26, figs. 1-13 only, p. 55. series can be traced. Remopleurides caelatus WHITTI)lGTON, 1959, Figured specimens :-Cranidia, U .C. G.l\t1. pi. 3, figs. 1-6, text-fig. 4, p. 40l. 40417a, b, Librigenae, U. C. G. M. 40417v. R. caphyroides WHITTINGTON, 1959, pi. 10, w, Hypostomata, U. C. G. M. 40417r-u, figs. 8-13, 15, 16, 18, 20; pi. 11, figs. 1-4, p. 391-412. Pygidia, U. C. G. M. 404l7z, b', c'. R. caphyroides? WHITTI)lGTON, 1959, pI. 11, figs. 9-11, p. 414-420. Isotelus sp., ontogeny

Discussion:-The present species is The ontogenetic development of the represented by more than a hundred present species is represented by four immature and mature specimens. Follow­ growth stages only; metaprotaspid, para­ ing EVITT (1961), they are recognized as protaspid, early meraspid, and late Isotelus sp., without any attempt as meraspid stages. The early protaspid or evaluation of the species. The early anaprotaspid skeleton in unknown. It immature forms were placed in Tretaspis seems that the protaspides may show sagenosus WHITTINGTON and Remopleu­ similar features throughout the protaspid rides caphyroides WHITTINGTON by period, but morphologic changes, such as WHITTINGTON (1959), and in Remopleu­ the cephaliZation, pygidial segmentation rides by EVITT (1961). The material, etc., are possibly progressively differenti­ which I have studied, suggested that the ated underneath the exoskeleton, and in early immature forms associated which this respect are quite unlike the ptycho­ Isotelus sp. by EVITT (1961) may belong pariids : Parabol inoides contractus FREDER­ to Remopleurides caelatus and the mer­ ICKSON, Aphelaspis subditus PALMER, and aspides of Remopleurides caphyroides JVelleraspis lochmanae Hu (Hu, 1969), WHITTINGTON (1959) belong to Isotelus etc. where parts of segments are added sp. The reason for the present assign­ one by one to the cranidium and are ment is based on the unbroken grown distinctly seen on the dorsal surface. sequence; the morphologic development The delay of the exoskeletal segmentation from the early larval stage to the adult between the cephalon and the pygidium form is continuous. For example,. the may indicate that the animal had in­ skeletal spines situated on the cranidial creased the period of pelagic larval life. and pygidial margins are continuously Metaprotaspid stage (PI. 4 figs. 1-3 and present throughout of the meraspid· text-fig. 3A, B.):-The shield is oval, period. The meraspid pygidium do not convex, about 0.6-0.75 mm in length possess an elongate terminal portion as (sag.), . having well defined axial and does Remopleurides. The median pleural lobes. The axial lobe extends glabellar tubercle remains throughout of the full length of the shield, expanding the growth of the animal. The paired slightly forward and marked with a 42 Chung-Hung Hu median tubercle at one-third of the length one anterior lateral, one at the greatest (tr.). The fixigena is well defined by a width, directed outward and backward, dorsal furrow, gently convex, uniformly and a posterior pair situated close and abruptly sloping along the anterior together and backwardly directed. In margin, and about the same width as the the under view of the skeleton there is mid-line of the glabella (tr.). Three pairs a narrow doublure extending around the of slim spines arise from the margin, posterior half of the shield, and reaching

Text-fig. 3. A growth series of Isoteus sp. A, B, dorsal and ventral views of a possible metaprotaspid shield, x 23; C-F, side, frontal, oblique, and dorsal views of a few paraprotas­ pides, x20; G, dorsal view of an early meraspid cranidium, x17; H, dorsal view of a late meraspid cranidium, x 10; I, J, ventral and dorsal views of a protopygidium showing the association of the occipital segment, x 24; K, L, dorsal and ventral views of a protopygidium, x 24; M, a meraspid hypostoma, x 10; N, hypos tom a, x 7; 0, a possible early meraspid pygi­ dium, x 20; P, a librigena, x 5; Q, dorsal view of a pygidium, x 4; R, dorsal view of ~ possible late meraspid pygidium, x 9; S, dorsal view of cranidium, x 5. (Arrows indicate the correlated parts of the animal skeleton; solid arrow indicates median tubercle; dotted one indicates fixigenal spine; half arrow indicates paired glabellar granules.). (AU drawings were made from photographs.)

Explanation of Plate 2

Figs. 1-30. Remopleurides caelatus WHITTI:-.1GTO=-:. 1. A possible anaprotaspid shield, showing no anterior pits, axial differentiation, and and pleural lobes. x 24, U. C. G. M. 40416. 2. A possible metaprotaspid shield, showing the appearence of the anterior pits. x 24, U. C. G. M. 40416a. 3-7, 12, 13. Six paraprotaspid shields, showing the naterior and posterior marginal spines, and the differentiation of the axis and the pleural lobes. 3, x 24, U. C. G. M. 40416b; 4, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416c; 5, x 24, U. C. G. M. 40416d; 6, x 24, U. C. G. M. 40416e; &, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416f; 12, x 18, U. C. G. M. 40416k; 13, x 20, U. C. G. M. 404161. 8, 9, 10, 11. Four early meraspid cranidia, showing the anterior spines and the indis­ tinct axial furrows. 8, x 18, U. C. G. M. 40H6g; 9, x 18, U. C. G. M. 40416h; 10, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416i; 11, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416j. 14, 15. Dorsal views of two late meraspid cranidia, showing the distinct glabellar furrows. 14, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416m; 15, x 18, U. C. G. M. 40416n. 16, 17. Two late meraspid cranidia, showing the lateral furrows. 16, x 16, U. C. G. M. 404160; 17, x20, U.C.G.M. 40416p. 19. A meraspid hypostoma, showing the increasing of the median body and the re­ duction of the marginal spines. 20-22. Three protaspid hypostomata; notice the marginal spines, and the differentiation of the rostrum, and the librigenae. 20, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416r; 21, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416s; 22, x 21, U. C. G. M. 40416t. 23, 24. Two possible male forms of hypostomata; notice the anterior median nodes. 23, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416u; 24, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416v. 18, 25-30. Six well preserved male cranidia. 18, x 14, U. C. G. M. 40416q; 25, x 10, U. C. G. M. 40416w; 26, x 11, U. C. G. M. 40416x; 27, x 7, U. C. G. M. 40416y; 28, x 8, U. C. G. M. 40416z; 29, x 9, U. C. G. M. 40416a'; 30, x 8, U. C. G. M. 40416b'. Hu: Middle O?"do vician trilobites Plate 2 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 43

A B c o

E F G H

L J K il M o N

Q R 5 44 Chung-Hung Hu forward to a point beneath the base of No distinct palpebral furrow or fixigenal the lateral spines. The external surface separation is present. The anterior is covered by very faint granules, and glabella is marked by a pair of minute there is a very faint transverse depressed anterior tubercles and a medium sized line at the posterior one-thirds of the median node. Some small specimens length of the glabella and the fixigenae have a pair of spines directed postero­ (tr.); this suggests a possible segmental laterally from the extreme lateral end of line lying between the cephalon and the the posterior fixigena. pygidial shield. The pygidium is trapezoidal in outline, Paraprotaspid stage (PI. 4, figs. 4-6, 11, convex, with the narrow axial lobe above 16-19 and text-fig. 3C-F, 1-L.) :-The the pleural region. The axial lobe is skeleton is strongly convex, about 0.8-1.2 narrower than the pleural region, divided mm in length (sag.), and in certain small into six uniform axial rings by several specimens the anterior and the posterior indistinct furrows. The pleural region is margins may curve to oppose each other. divided into six pleural bands, which are The cranidium is quadrate to subquad­ of the same width and uniformly curved rate in outline, convex, with well dif­ at the posterior. The ventral side of the ferentiated dorsal furrows, and no glab­ pygidium is decorated by four pairs of ellar furrows. The anterior lateral minute spines along the narrow, rear margin has a pair of long slim cephalic doublure, and a pair of long lateral spines spines extending anterior laterally from is situated at the posterior lateral pygidial the cranidial corners. The palpebral lobe margin. is large, located between the cephalic The present stage differs from the spine and the narrow posterior fixigena. previous in having the pygidium differ-

Explanation of Plate 3

Figs. 1-32. Remopleurides caelatus WHITTli\"GTON. 1-4. Four paraprotaspid pygidia. 1, x 25, U. C. G. M. 40416c' ; 2, x 25, U. C. G. M. 40416d' ; 3, 4, x 25, U. C. G. M. 40416f', g'. 5, 6. Oblique and dorsal views of two early meraspid pygidia, showing the median axial spine. 5, x20, U.C.G.M. 40416h'; 6, x20, U.C.G.M. 40416i'. 7-10. Four late meraspid pygidia. 7, x 25, U. C. G. M. 40416j'; 8, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416k' ; 9, specimen missing; 10, x 20, U. C. G. M. 404161'. 11-14. Dorsal and ventral views of four pygidia. 11, specimen missing; 12, x 15, U. C. G. M. 40416m'; 13, x 18, U. C. G. M. 40416n'; 14, x 15, U. C. G. M. 404160'. 15, 16. Dorsal and ventral views of a male and female forms of pygidia; notice the presence (male) and abesence (female) of the posterior median ridge. 15, x 15, U. C. G. M. 40416p'; 16, x 15, U. C. G. M. 40416q'. 17, 18. Dorsal and oblique views of a pygidium, associated with one to four thoracic segments. x 6, U. C. G. M. 40416r'. 19, 20. Two hypostomata, possibly belong to female form, showing no antherior median node. 19, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416s'; 20, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40416t'. 21,22. Two isolated protaspid librigenae. 21, x 16, U. C. G. M. 40416u' ; 22, x 16, U. C. G. M. 40416v'. 23, 24. Two meraspid librigenae. 23, x 12, U. C. G. M. 40416w' ; 24, x20, U. C. G. M. 40416x'. 26, 27. Two male librigenae. 26, x 8, U. C. G. M. 40416z'; 27, x 5, U. C. G. M. 40416aa. 28. A female librigena. x 5, U. C. G. M. 40416bb. 29-32. Oblique, dorsal, and ventral views of four complete cranidia; notice the longer glabellar neck and the smaller ocular lobe compared with that of male form. x 10, x 9, x 8, x 8, U. C. G. M. 40416cc-ff. Hu : Middle Ordovician trilobites Plate 3 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 45 entiated from the cranidium, the facial Late meraspid stage (PI. 4, figs. 12, 13, suture has migrated upward onto the 23, 24, 28 and text-fig. 3R, M, R.) :-The dorsal surface, and the posterior paired cranidium is subquadrate in outline, pygidial spines are more widely separated. longer than wide, moderately convex, Early meraspid stage (PI. 4, figs. 7-27, about 1.3-2.0 mm in length (sag.). The 27, and text-fig. 3G, 0.):-The cranidium glabella is expanded forwardly from the is subspherical in outline, convex, 0.9-1.2 narrow occipital ring (tr.) ; a pair of weU mm in length (sag.). The glabella is defined glabellar furrows exist behind the faintly delimited by dorsal furrows, mid-line of the glabeUa, directed posteri- cylindrical, slightly expanded forwardly orly from the shaUow dorsal furrow to from the occipital ring, and without the occipital furrow. No preglabellar glabellar furrows. The anterior glabella field is present. The anterior border is bears a pair of granules and a median narrow, gently convex, with median point tubercle. The occipital ring is well at the anterior end. The crescentic delimited by a narrow, distinct occipital occipital ring is convex, and weU delimited furrow which is crescentic, strongly by a narrow distinct occipital furrow. curving backward, and having a minute The medium sized palpebral lobe is 10- median node. No preglabellar field or cated behind the mid-length of the glab- anterior border is seen except for a pair ella (tr.); it is gently convex, without a of long, slim cephalic spines extending distinct palpebral furrow. The fixigena antero-Iaterally from the lateral corners is rather narrow, moderately convex, of the anterior cranidium. The fixigena directed upward from the dorsal furrow. curves laterally, crescentic, with a well The narrow posterior fixigene is triangu- delimited free margin, convex, gently lar-transverse, narrower than the occipital sloping downward from the dorsal ring (tr.), and the border furrow is well furrow. The palpebral lobe is rather defined. The surface is covered by faint narrow and faintly separated by the granules; a pair of superciloid granules palpebral furrow. The anterior branch occur along the anterior furrow. A of the facial suture is short and divergent- median tubercle is located near the ly convex, and the posterior one runs occipital furrow, and a pair of minute mostly parallel to the posterior lateral granule seems to be present of the border. anterior glabella near the edge of the The pygidium is moderately convex, frontal furrow. oval-transverse, without any distinct The pygidium is ovate-elongate in out- segmental furrow. The axial lobe tapers line, convex, with the posterior margin at the posterior end, convex, above the notched. The convex axial lobe is rather pleural lobe. The pleural lobe is faintly narrower than the pleural lobe, tapering separated by dorsal furrow, wider than slightly at the posterior end, and marked the axis (tr.), and decorated by three by several axial rings. The pleural lobe pairs of short marginal spines along the is convex above the flat broad marginal posterior margin. The broad margiIIal border!.. and"divlde-d . into four ot five border is convex, shallowly delimited._by~' . pleurill, bands' by'well defined furrows. and inner marginal furrow. The anty;t;ior . " Fig~r.ed specimens: - Metaprotaspides, end of the axis is associated with :an p.C.G.~M. '40~l7,. 40417a, b, Paraprota- incomplete thoracic segment. The skele-. spides, V,C.. C.. M., 40417d, c, i, Early tal surface is faintly granulated. meraspides,. U. C. G. M. 40417e-h, n-q, 46 Chung-Hung Hu

Late meraspides, U.C.G.M. 40417j, k, x, y. trilobites family Asaphidae. Jour. Pal­ eont., vol. 35, no. 5, p. 986-995, pIs. 117- 118, 6 text-figs. References Hu, C. H. (1968): Notes on the ontogeny and sexual dimorphism of Upper Cambrian BEECHER, C. E. (1893): The larval stages of trilobites of the Welleraspis faunule from trilobites. Am. Geol. vol. 16, p. 166-197, Pennsylvania. Jour. Nanyang Univ., vol. pI. 8-10. 2, p. 321-357, pIs. 1-4, 8 text-figs. COOPER, B. N. (1953): Trilobites from the -- (1971): Ontogenies and sexual dimor­ Lower Chamblainian Formation of the phism of Lower Paleozoic Trilobita. Appalachian Valley. Geol. Soc. America, Palaeontographica Americana, vol. VII, Mem. 55, 66 p., pIs. 1-19, 2 text-figs, 1 no. 44, p. 31-135, pIs. 8-26, 58 text-figs. table. Ross, R. J. (1951): Ontogeny of three Garden EVITT, W. R. (1961): Early ontogeny in the Cith (Early Ordovician) trilobites. Jour.

Explanation of Plate 4

Figs. 1-33. Isotetus sp. 1-3. Three metasprotaspid shields, notice the three pairs of marginal spines and the median tubercles. 1, x 23, U. C. G. M. 40417; 2, x 23, U. C. G. M. 40417a; 3, x 23, U. C. G. M. 40417b. 4-6. Side, ventral, and obliquely views of two paraprotaspid shields. 4, 5, x 20, U.C.G.M. 40417d; 6, x20, U.C.G.M. 40417c. 11. Dorsal view of a paraprotaspid shield; notice the paired fixigenal spines. 11, x 20, U. C. G. M. 40417i. 7-10. Four early meraspid cranidia, showing a pair of anterior glabellar nodes and the absence of fixigenal spine. 7, x17, U.C.G.M. 40417e; 8, x20, U.C.G.M. 40417f; 9, x17, U.C.G.M. 40417g; 10, x17, U.C.G.M. 40417h. 12, 13. Dorsal views of two late meraspid cranidia; notice the deepening of the dorsal furrow and the position of the median tubercle. 12, x 10, U. C. G. M. 40417j; 13, x 10, . U. C. G. M. 40417k. 14, 15, 31. Dorsal views of three cranidia. 14, x 10, U. C. G. M. 404171; 15, x 7, U. C. G. M. 40417m; 31, x 5, U. C. G. M. 40417a'. 16, 17. Dorsal and ventral views of two early meraspid pygidia. x 24, U. C. G. M. 404170, n. 18, 19. Dorsal and ventral views of an early meraspid pygidium, showing the occipital segment and a pair of fixigenal spines in place. x 24, U. C. G. M. 40417q, p. 20-23. Dorsal and ventral views of four different sized hypostomata; notice the lateral expanding of the marginal border. 20, x 10, U. C. G. M. 40417r; 21, x 7, U. C. G. M. 40417s; 22, x 9, U. C. G. M. 40417t; 23, x 5, U. C. G. M. 40417u. 24-26. Three different sized librigenae; notice the wideni. g of the ocular platform and the broad doublure. 24, specimen missing; 25, x 5, U. C. G. M. 40417v ; 26, x 5, U. C. G. M. 40417w. 27. An earliest late meraspid pygidium articulating in series with a thoracic segment, and showing three or four pairs of posterior marginal spines. x 20, U. C. G. M. 40417x. 28. Dorsal view of a late meraspid pygidium, showing the deep dorsal furrows, and posterior marginal notch. x 9, U. C. G. M. 40417y. 29, 30, 32, 33. Dorsal and ventral views of four complete pygidia; notice the disap­ pearence of the dorsal furrows and the broad doublures. 29, x 6, U. C. G. M. 40417z; 30,32, x4, U.C.G.M. 40417b'; 33, x6, U.C.G.M. 40417c'. Hu: Middle Ordovician trilobites Plate 4 645. Mid-Ordovician Trilobites 47

Paleont., vol. 25, p. 578-586, pIs. 81-84. (1959) : Silicified Middle Ordovician MOORE, R. et al. ed. (1951): Treatise on trilobites (Remopleuridae, Trinucleidae, Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O,Arthro­ Raplisphuridae). Mus . .comp. Zool., Bull., poda, 541 p., 415 text-figs. Geol. Soc. vol. 121, no. 8, p. 373-496, pIs. 1-36, 8 America & Univ. Kansas. text-figs. WHITTINGTON, H. B. (1956): Silicified Middle - & EVITT, W. R. (1953): Silicified Middle Ordovician trilobites (the Odontopleuri­ Ordovician trilobites. Geol. Soc. America, dae). Mus. Compo Zool., Bull., vol. 114, Mem., 59, 135 p. pIs. 1-33, 27 text-figs., no. 5, p. 159-289, pIs. 1-24, 25 text-figs. 2 tables. 50

OJ 19741j=: 11 r.I t;::rrhtL t::. 1975 . 19761j=:.!t~~J~3~~0)~:l'b ?X0)~~iM3~ 1.- t::. W-n$(fYj\IiI!. ABC II/EO ~rJ3,-yt ~!I!f m. $limm~. *EBIli±. :re1t1ffM. JflJ( m•• 1tifl5~, f.ljJ*.Il.~. 'Hlij~~. t.t*~ft~. J&rJ3'~~. 1ff~?X~. ~ilIP~1!f. jjl)J1tfill:~. J!:;* *0 o 19751j=:1 r.I 24 BO)~~jH~t;:::t:n,'-c. 1975 ·19761j=:~0)~:/ltI'1t.t*~ft~. -m-w~jitl'1~rJ3'-~(~~). i\1fimmil1li (.ffl;W). *EBIli± (f~1!r· *c$J Iii~). :re1t1ffft~ (.ffl;W). JflJ( m (.ffl;W). ttM\~:.Il"'~ (%7.!Jj%). ,}~~~ (rr$). ~ilIP~1!f (f{t;fiJ) • J!:;* * (~m crJc"?t::.o o /R.IJ:~~jit~t;::;j;;\,,-C. 1tO)~J1t~~J1t~i(([j$(~~rr"?tdt;*. 'J'il1Ii~~. ~rJ3'-~O) 2::g crJc"?t::.o ftb -C 19751j=:.!tO)/R.I~J1tI'1. ~:/lt. :re1t1ffft~. J!:;* *. ~rJ3'-~. 'J\il1Ii~~O) 5 ::g1:4b 0 0 o 19751j=:1 r.l24 BO)~~jit~v;::;j;;\"-C?XO)A· ]!~~iJ~~:g&?I?.tLt::. (tAr1itfYj\~. AB ClllEOo 19751j=:.!tJ: IJ O)A~:~U. tfjj~J1t 10::g. tE7I-~jit1::g. ~t 11::g Wr1itfYj\~. AB CIlilOo JJi(EB jI.-. John Davis HILL. #l"~f.lrr. lilEB~iR. t.tEB1ff~. f!§t-tOOr. f!§t-t 1lB. /lUJr.t~~. ~t-t1ff ?X. *!I!f~Jt. ~EBmt.t. $W=¥~~ O)~ IJ O)t::.&?}.f!~flh' (l9731j=: 6 r.I) c t.r. "? -C\, 't::.?X0) 3 ~O){lIiS~lit~ L-t::.o ~J!m3't. ~EB 1!l1!f. ii'[(R. -a. 19751j=:.!tJ: IJ ?XO)~~iJ~%7.!Jj~J1t Ct.r. "? t::. (7 ::g) 0 ;mi1l*i.i. 'HR. m. :M1tJi::fC. 9='t-ttlf=. *~ r~Z. il1Ii*~ijj]. EBf\;;lEZ. 19741j=:.!t9='0)]!~I'1. %7.!IJ~jit1::g. tfjj~J1t6::g. ~Jl}]~J1t1:M:1:4boo ±1tm~. nlHm~~. 1M _il1IiOO. J:f!§fill:M •• lEa ~~~. t:p8~. 9='.;fiMKKo OJ *~%'7.!Jj%~ 19 % c 1.- -C. EBf\;;lEz~O) "Bivalve Faunas of the Cretaceous Himenoura Group in Kyushu" O)I±\Jt&iJt 19751j=: 1 r.I 24 B O)~~jit~1:jJ~~.tLt::.o o 19751j=:.!t J: IJ ?XO)jj IJ v;::~~iJ~{lJ:ff~.tL. ~J!IjO)~~$7tt ~J!:~.tLt::.o tfjj~jit 4. 000 1'9. ~7.!Jj ~ J1t 5. 600 1'9. tE7I-~ ~ U S S 200 o *~~tt f B*il1:.¥JJ~~~1!r . *c$J O)~fiIliiJt No. 97 J: IJ L 600 F9v;::[j$(n~.tLt::.o o 19751j=:.!t~~ttIDfBJt1tI'1. jjl)J$-J1l1;;G0) "Evolution and mode of life of Inoceramus (Spheno­ ceramus) naumanni YOKOYAMA emend .• an Upper Cretaceous bivalve" (~1!r. wc$ No. 92 flJtt) v;::tlt~~.tLt::.o o 19751j=:.!t~f,jlj~Jij}J~I'1. J.ljPEB~-~ (J:$il1:.f\;;~J:E.MO)1iJf~). ;j;; J: l1 *jI.JIIi$=~ (cptrt!t/fipp:! ft!!~O)ijfJ\f*ib¥JJO)il1:.lt~~B':J1iJf~) t;::rlt~ ~.tL t::.o o ~~O)jj IJ. *~ f~1!r . *c$J 100 %~~$~~rrt.r. ? 'J\~ jit~ (t.t*~ft~ . ~ jit:/lt. *EB~.i±. j\lIj ;WpfF1!f. J!:;* **~jit) iJt1eJ:E.L-t::.iJ~. ~O)$~c 1.--C fB*O)il1:.*VJ~/J'.'il:J ~~Jt1:I±\Jli-t"o;: cv;::t.r. "? t::.o

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Paleont., vol. 25, p. 578-586, pIs. 81-84. (1959) : Silicified Middle Ordovician MOORE, R. et al. ed. (1951): Treatise on trilobites (Remopleuridae, TrinucJeidae, Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O,Arthro­ Raplisphuridae). Mus. Camp. Zool., Bull., poda, 541 p., 415 text-figs. Ceo!. Soc. vol. 121, no. 8, p. 373-496, pIs. 1-36, 8 America & Univ. Kansas. text-figs. WHITTINGTON, H. B. (1956): Silicified Middle -- & EVITT, W. R. (1953): Silicified Middle Ordovician trilobites (the Odontopleuri­ Ordovician trilobites. Ceol. Soc. America, dae). Mus. Camp. Zool., Bull., vol. 114, Mem., 59, 135 p. pIs. 1-33, 27 text-figs., no. 5, p. 159-289, pIs. 1-24, 25 text-figs. 2 tables .. 48

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

13 *il1=.4'kI~~ 1975 if:l'f.$~ . if~lt, 1975 if 1 · ...... j',1ijw~ag . it!2!fw.cJ}5 J1 25 13 (±) . 26 13 (13) K.IEJl: f4~W4'kltB *tB 9='$13 *, J::$~1=.W r¥iQtiilffLEE. {I::E~Jr.g (!to?: 1'ftl it]IHK J::!f~ III) ve:.:f5l' -C I}fj Ill!. ~ .rtf-.:. (~ 7t ...... f€.I33:k.& 1JQ~ 110 ;g) 0 ~~:I1!!l/jX J::$~1=.W r¥iQtiilffLEE.1I::E~Jr.g7t · ...... • 1JQ~:@1:lt lt9~~~lliht¥R~ 7 -1 ~ 'Y I::°Y, /~T11fhJ::$~1=.WO)f;[Y,(1I::E~ Marine plankton and sediments ve:.WJ-t 7.> -/ Jr.~B<.J~lM· ... j',1ij:WO~E • j',1ijW~ag . f€.133:k.& y;f-:/?A:&lf~3@] Planktonic Confer- Biostratigraphical significance of some pro­ ence ¥Ii~ ...... 1§I33;eAA ductoid brachiopods from the Kashiwa­ ~5@]*A r'7::Z-?l"-/y;f-:/?A¥Ii~ ...... daira Formation of the Abukuma ...... Ei/lt.JlEI* Mountains, Japan ...... K. NAKA~IURA and H. KOIZUMI ~ :llt ~ ;~ -lMJft}[[O) r ~iR®i£: r¥iQtiilffLEE.O) l'JTfive:. "':) Ammonitology in Japan-a historical review l'-C ...... ·j',1ij~D~E . f€.133:kf{ · ...... T. MATSUMOTO Eocene Larger Foraminifera collected by dredge haul at the Amami Plateau, ~~ 7llJ ~ ~ northern margin of the Philippine Sea KONDA, 7' P"7 - • T -r v Y:/ -r -%J!utW8G .... a;* '1i...... r. K. MATSUOKA, A. NISHIMURA and T. ONO Permian Bryozoa from Khao Hin Kling, near Phetchabun, North-Central Thai- ~:..- ;P-y'7 L. lil1=.4'kI~ c 7E]t~1![Tlml1&~J land ...... S. SAKAGAMI t!t~A: ;'fi11~:ti11i Giant fusulinid discovered from Iran .... mj!l-.&1I::EliJf~ C7E]t1![lm ...... 1§133;eAA ...... K. ISHil and M. MURATA 7E]t~1![Tlmf;[Y,(~Ve:..J:: 7.>1iZ1&EE.1I::EO)tm~ .... Studies on the genus Triticites from the ...... i\~ ag Madre de Dios Island, in the southern J"IJ~ EE. 0) ~ 0) m~ c *lliiiltf!i!ive:. "':) l ' -C ...... part of Chile ...... T. CHISAKA · .. ·1iUJ133 ~. 1)g~{UlL . 1t*1?fft~ . 1§133~lE J"l~m~tm~ C7E]t1![lm ...... ;'fii/It.J:ti~ @!,(!Jli~,O)J::Jt*lIDO)SEM ve:..J::7.>tm~ .. t/iiI337¥1: lffLEE.O)~t/IJ~ - Elphidiidae O){9U~9=',c.., C L :f$~JIIW7.> Hermanites ve:."':)l'-C ...... ·fol~ilI!f= ...... Ei/lt.JlEI* f;[Y,(1I::E~*4O)mI~c.:cO)r~'{§,~ ...... 13*0) "Balanus amphitrite" group ve:."':)l' · ...... W*:\!!I:=ft~ . j',1ijW~ag . j',1ij:WM~E -C··························.··· .. Wp~L Pamirina ffiI1.O)7t~J::O)&ti:ve:."':)l'-C .. /J EFR~ T / 7° '7 Y cardium) braunsi ve:.",:)l'-C ...... t/iiI337¥1=. ? r Y 1I::E'!l:f~0) If!ff(;EMr~ ...... Some considerations on the phylogeny of 49

taxodontid Bivalvia ...... M. OMORI "-c ...... ·:fl!H;f1J~ ~;g~(;1)* 7.. l- :7 ::1 - :;((;1)5t:ffi ...... Some conifer remains from the Paleogene · ...... iIfl.1'ifUl.Z.. :tE*r:re.~ Noda Group, Iwate Prefecture, Japan .. q--iJ- ::1" . l' :f.q--iJ- ::1"(;1).Itif!l(1=.fi~.!:fjlj:rI3'I*l1* .... T. KIMURA and Y. KANSHA · , ...... rNR~1=.· lIlf,ill; r:r Dictyozamites and some cycadophyte species 1 :f.q--iJ- ::1":li!!ij[IY:J~~ CT$ID ...... ·+iRtl'1=. from the early Lower Cretaceous Oguchi The effect of the shell shape and asym· Formation, Tetori Supergroup, Japan .. metrical ridges of the shell ornamen· ...... T. KIMURA and S. SEKIDO tation on burrowing of bivalves ...... Evolutionary trends of the genus Acer in · ...... A. MATSUKUMA North America ...... Ontogenetic allometry and relative vari· ...... T. TANAI and J. A. WOLFE ation in Scaphites planus YABE, an Upper Scanning electron microscopic studies of Cretaceous ammonite ...... K. TANABE some living and fossil "Quercus" pollen mi1\!:fl!!\'kJv::. giHf:l Lt-: }A;li€¥i;li€flit(;1) =. =$:v::. '"? grains in Japan ...... l' --C ••..•...•...••••••••.•.••••... t~J~,3\?:Jo/l ...... K. MATSUOKA and Y. MAEDA W%W

o 1974 ~ 1l fJ i:::.rrbn t-: 1975 . 1976 ~.!l:iWriiU\JK~O)~*, ?X.0)~t\"iM3~ U: (u"""f~f*Dlil, ABC 1I~) ~r"j-!J3, ~ff m, ~n§m~, ~EB~i±, 7Eif~eB,)!7J( m, ~ifjf!J~, W1*&~IIii\, ,j,~R;~, ~* ••, .~_~, ••?X.~, ~.~~, Bif•• , ~* *. o 1975~1 fJ 24 1300iWilN~fl.:i:::':}o~'-C, 1975 ·1976~~0)fl.::ljH:l:.t~*.eB, ~l%~~i:l:.~r"j-~(fl.:~), ~i1Sm~ (m;1%) , ~EBIlit± (1¥li15 . *c.*J ~~), 7Eif~eB (m;1%) , )!7J( m (fff,1%) , W1*&*1Iii\ (~5JIj.j}), ,j'~R;* (rr*) , ~;fgn~E' (11tEJ) , ~* * (fl.:W c'fP:."?t-:. o Fi1.IJ:iW~~fl.:i:::':}O~'-C, 1tO)~~fl.:~~-¥1&q$(~~rr"?td5*, ,j,~R;*, ~r"j-~O) 2 15 U}!;."?t-: o tlb-C 1975~.!l:O)Fi1.I~~i:l:., fl.::l't, 7Eif~flB, ~* *, ~r,,'-~, 'j,~R;*O) 515-c'~Go o 1975 ~ 1 fJ 24 13 O)iWilN~fl.:i:::':}O~ '-C?X.O) A . }!fl.:~iJ~~6!::,I?n t-: (tJ,"""fli1Zf*Dlil, A B CJI~) 0 1975 ~~ J: I) 0) Afl.:~H, i¥hifl.: ffit 10 15, :tE7i-fl.: ffit 115, ~t 1115 (U """f~~f*m*, A B CJI~). ~EB ~-, John Davis HILL, -W~~rr, liiH8lf~, t~EB~~, i1S1iljJrf, i1Si'1 aB, jli';]iIF.j-~~, ~1itif ?X. , :;k:ffH?X, ~EBmt~. *l%-¥Wt~ O)~ I) O)t-:Ilb}!fl.:f&~' (1973 ~ 6 fJ) CtJ: "? -C~ ,t-:?X.O) 3 t\"O)tI1i15~lii~ Lt-:o ~Ji!.m*, ~EB:!!!!:E', il[iR &. 1975 ~~J: I) ?X.O)~t\"iJ~~5JIjfl.: ffit CtJ: "? t-: (715)0 .!lI.~, 'HJz m, 1iifJ(:fC, ,*,1i*lC, :;k:lf!i1 m·Z, ~*~~, EBf1;;lEZ. 1974 ~~,*,O)}!fl.:i:l:., ~5JIjfl.: ffit 115, -rfJifl.:ffit 615, :=:~fl.: ~ 1 :t±-C-~ G 0 ±ifm~, nlH$Ili~, m fBil1li~, J:i1S.flB, ~ lUt =~ &, ,*,m :;iJ, ,*,*EilbKK. o *fl.:!J'!f5JIj.j}~ 19.j} c L. -C, EBf1;;lEZt\"O) "Bivalve Faunas of the Cretaceous Himenoura Group in Kyushu" 0) t±l!t!itiJ~ 1975 ~ 1 fJ 24 13 O)iWilNffitfl.:-c'*~ ~n ko o 1975 ~.!l:J: I) ?X.O)Ji I) i:::.fl.:!f1(iJ~{W:J:H'~n, fl.:f(IJO)~~ffil-B-{,~~~nt-:. -rfJifl.:~ 4, 000 P3, ~5J1j ~ffit5,600P3, :tE7i-fl.:~US$200 o *~fl.:tt. 113 *il1:4&.J'¥:fl.:¥li15 . *c.*J O)~{j]]jiJ~ No. 97 J: I) 1, 600 P3i:::.q$(llJ ~n ko o 1975 ~.!l:'¥:fl.:tt.~X1ti;t, tIlilffil-gJ(;t\"O) "Evolution and mode of life of Inoceramus (Spheno­ ceramus) naumanni YOKOYAtvIA emend., an Upper Cretaceous bivalve" (¥li15· *,c.* No. 92 t!\lIiX;) i:::.t!t~ ~n t-:o o 1975 ~.!l:'¥:vjq~!@J4:I:l:., ;j9)JEB'-f-t\" (J:ffilil1:f1;;IIfIi,@mO)liJf~), :}o J:LHt~;f,\!JIIw:=t\" (,*,ti'-t!tif/iFiI*J :It!l~0)i!!kf*;1lib4&.JO)il1:r~'¥:B9liJf~) i:::.t!t~ ~ n t-:. o JJ!E¥liO)JiIJ, *fl.: 1$[15' *c.*J 100.j}~ft*~~rrtd,j'~ffit~ (t~*.flB· ~~:l't, ~EBi>i±, il1li ;fg1l~E', ~* *45-~ffit) iJ~~e,@ Lt-:iJ~, -t:O)*~c L. -C II3*O)il1:!f7l.1'¥:'j'5t'.J ~*x-c't±l!t!it-rG c ci:::.tJ: "? t-:o

t}])]ilfl- gJ(;t\", 1973 ~ 12 fJ 20 l3;err 13 *il1:4&.J'¥:fl.:¥li15*c.* 92 .j} 163~184 J{Jl)I.j~X;f,ifBX !Evolution and mode of life of Inoceramus (Sphenoceramus) naumanni YOKOYAMA emend., an Upper Cretaceous bivalveJ *liJf~l:l:., ~twJ![,*,iI!dlffil:}o J: lfi'¥W'~:;to) J:ffil~!lli*-lJ':/ r =- 7:/ tH' L. 7J :/ /{ =- 7 :/ i£=tt& Inocera­ mus (Sphenoceramus) naumanni 0) ~Bl:l~:;lq:::. ") ~'-C, -t: 0) i£:jk . MrL~~1t ~ 1:4&.J~~t,¥:B9i:::'Mtff L., -t:O)M*~1:1i~'¥:B9i:::', iJ,")*~;e1:B9i:::.M:fR~~.7,..tdtw.:B9~ifBX-e~ G. jjIij~O);m~$.J: I) mk~H 38 -lJ':/7'/v (rmiiiJ:tm~12, .;(P:tm~19, I*JVHlJI1!.Jg1Z7-lT:/7'/v) O)i£t±l:tm,¢'(cJITi$.~, -£f~~L., 12501:)J: 0)1lIf*;0) i£:jk~£,f§ c O))t:::. L.t-:,¢,(-c'~ G. Fi1.I,L'P3:jk~t~O).7,..~1f-r G llIf*;iJ~EE{fIJI~t9tJ: -lJ':/ r =-7:/0) population *" 7J ://{=-7 :/~*O)};bM population i:::':}O~'-CI:l:., 7il1:)JiJ~7il1:il1liv:::.)

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8 *i!i~!It~~~~U~O)Jnt~JJ~

PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN, SPECIAL PAPERS, NUMBER 20 '.i::' 19761f.l~n: fIJITL..t.: <, .:cO).!il'{~'.i::'~*V~T. ii~tJ:.!il'{~'.i::';j:Q~"bO)1Jl'i, {X0).l1He1t:b-lt'"( $ 361!'f '.i::'t'FJlJZ l.." T 812 fiiilJi'iJrnJlm:'~~~1!IJ .7L1+I;k~~~$1l!?'it~~~mM, E*l!J!:Ii!IWJ~4l:!ft;'fJJIJ.!J}~~~ft~ (ft~1lf WJ*'&1l~) Ji!;~e$l..,36,VeTC;v'. .. (1) l!J1:.r9.J~~eIMlT ~ ~~3t-c, ~3tO)*JJIJf±\}\lHC.bC;:b l.., H1 G MI~iI!1Z /±l c;:n. ~ i. 36O)~~t~1t~ev'i, .:cO)~1ifi~erc;C'"(J:WCJ: ~ b~1I:iI;~< '"(J:v,. (2) I*J~. 3t.c b~e+~~1lti1iO)7'CJlJZL..t.:.!il'{~ (~t;:I'i7'CJlJZra~ili:v'.!il'{~t) -c, JOnlilUFfi~eft{ijil..,'"(lE~ttJ: JUJi ~ '.i::'$I±!-C ~ ~ ~*fi~~e~ ~ I: c. tJ: ~"'< .!il'{fi\il0)~ l.., ~ $361!t c c b lemf±\ l.., '"(Tc; v'. (ffli1i O)J:l'i;UP¥5( l.., ~T). (3) $36ffl*,a;I'ii3s,J\:."TiI!, {XO).~~aA~cl.." ( ) 1*J00r±~~'tr"?'"(TC;v'. (a) $361lfR~; Ffi~~OO~t;:I'illlmitEFIi' .1[~1It%. (*4l:4l:J:i-C~~ I: c). (b) ~1lf~; iii1lntlHIi§. (~j:f~~MWcT~ I: c). (c) 1i}f~1*J~0)~§' ~ (800-1, 200 *m~, ~3t-CRJ). (d) l*J~tJ: G ~le~3til!+~~1lti1i-C ~ ~ I: c O)~iEaA. (tilk'1lfO)=f-~O)~ l.., -C b J: H. (e) *3tO)Jliri& (lilUJ: ~ J!36Jliri&~ t.:lj:.!il'{~-C~3t3l1 7"25 fJ~O):v}}}1tO):j:.l1:ri& - t;:iil.." ... ~1 tI - iI> ;I:.!J - r*f*iI>~iff.ilicT~ I: c); ~t;:*3t$/N5* (8 ;f-k;Ji.7;.) lem5ET"'~$~iI!~~ c ~v'i, .:c0);j:Q J: .:c0)F"J~ (tfclJiHe:k;f'T ~ ... ~- -e ~ r) ; ilji~· ~O)~k O)ri& c lilUJ: ~ Ffi~Jliri&; ~~~ltio) :&ri&. 00 ~~GO).ft1Zf±\O)J!36O)~~ .:c0)~$& 1Zf±\~. (.:cO)J!36O)&~c~~1!t~~t;:~.:cO)~ l.., ~iff.iit '"(Tc; H. (19761f.~0)3t$1l'i'O)fIJfJWJJlJZ~~ $~jlf1fi'~O)~1tb, .:cO) §' ~J:licO)ffi C '"( iff.ilicl..,'"(TC;H. (g) .:c0)~$:;J§".~ • .!il'{~iI!*7'CJiX:O)~1t~elj:, $36~le;j:Q~t ~i!fJ~*7JLtJ: G ~le5eJlJZ~t~~f] E ~&, flic l..,'"(Tc; v'. (4) $36**W 1975~ 10 f]15 E (i)!jJOn1f~). l*:§lj: 1976~ If] O)~~J:i4l:-C~~i1<:5EO)J:$361lfle@l ~O)~5E-CT. t;:iil..,.:cO)iitr~t;:Ij:~le, $361lfcO)*m$O)3Cffli~, ~~~ilil>G~~·~ I: cil;~~ iI> b l..,tJ, ~ -It N. (5) JOnlilU~5E~3til;%~tJ: ~1t ~e lj:, i1<:5E1~-C ~ ~ iilt 1f. < JOnlilU ~e c ~ iI>iI> ~ ~5E-CT. 3tlW~O)fIJfJWJ JlX:~ (r1iJf~JiX:*fIJfJftflll!lj]~J) ~$~jIf~~O)~1tlev'i, ~4l:iI> G $~ (f7iJ&fU 11 f] $1iJ$ Ie $~** 1;1]) l.." .:c0)l*:§. ~1ifitJ:ci1<:5E1~JOnlilUlec ~ iI>iI> ~ ~T • .:cO)j~1tvj:3t$1!!IcO)~:51neJ: ~, .:cO) :q:.O)f:k (iitrf7iJ-Cl'i 10 f] 20 E) ~-Cle*ntiil!~ll~f±\tJ:lttJ,I-!, flIl!lj]~O)3C11i1!$.tl:c;tJ,~ I: cIUJ:"? '"(v';fT. (6) !f,'fZIJ.!J}O)t)t~m5Evj: c < ~e~ ~ ;f -:!tN. 4l:Jl;tlcffi C, iitrf7iJ~$:;J§" c l.." ~aA O)'#'v'i~~~J:i4l:ler,,%' 1t:b-lt'"(TC;v, • • ftil!iI>iI>~O)-C, *ZIJ~~1tH~~, JJIJlilU lj: {'FJiX:-Itf, *lilU 2511~~:if1lfle~;jSj­ If§£l..,;fT • .:ctJ,J;J.J:lj:P,IIiJ.... (mt:~1lf~elj:j!fU5D cv'?l:cIUJ:~;fT. v'<'?iI>O)~3t~~~'"( 1 ffltleT ~ c ~ t~lj:, i!t~AO)1JiI> Gt~7Fl.., ,"(, f*~J:.O);r;*1f-O)tJ:v' J: ? lel.., '"(Tc; v'. JOnlilUJ:O) t~7F.~iI;WcJ.... -C ~ ~ J: ?, ~mO)tr:tijiljj{lltl· J:.Tle+~ggi3 ~ c "? ,"(, 311 7"-C~1!tl.., '"(rc; v'. 53

CONSTITUTION of the P ALAEONTOLOG ICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN (Jan. 25, 1975)

Article 1. The Society shall be known as the Palaeontological Society of Japan. Article 2. The object of the Society is to promote the study and popularization of palaeon­ tology and related sciences. Article 3. The Society, to execute Article 2, shall undertake the following business: 1. Issue the Society journal and other publications. 2. Hold or sponsor scientific lectures and meetings. 3. Popularize the science by field trips, scientific lectures and other projects. 4. Aid and encourage research work; award outstanding contributions to the Society; carry out the objectives stated in Article 2. Article 4. To attain the object of the Society, the Society may, by decision of the General Meeting, establish within it research committees. Article 5. The Society shall be composed of members who are active or interested in palaeontology or related sciences. Article 6. The members shall be known as Regular Members, Fellows, Patron and Honorary Members. Article 7. Persons desiring membership in the Society are requested to fill out the necessary application forms and receive the approval of the Council. Article 8. Fellows are persons who have held Regular Membership in the Society for more than ten years, have contributed to the science of palaeontology, have been nominated by five Fellows and approved by the Council. Article 9. Patrons are organizations supporting Article 2 and recommended by the Council. Article 10. Honorary Members are persons of distinguished achievement in palaeontology. They shall be recommended by the Council and approved by the General Meeting. Article 11. The members of the Society shall be obliged to pay the annual dues stated in Article 12. Members shall enjoy the privilege of receiving the Society journal and participating in the activities stated under Article 3. Article 12. The rates for annual dues shall be decided by the General Meeting. Rates for annual dues are: Regular Members, Yen 4,000; Fellows, Yen 5,600; and Foreign Members, U. S. $ 20. 00; Patrons are organizations donating more than a share (Yen 10,000) annually; Honorary Members are free from obligations. Article 13. The budget of the Society shall be from membership dues, donations and bestowals. Article 14. The Society, by decision of the Council, may expel from membership persons who have failed to pay the annual dues or those who have disgraced the Society. Article 15. The officers of the Society shall be composed of one President and fifteen Coun­ cillors, among whom several shall be Executive Councillors. The term of office is two years and they may be eligible for re-election without limitation. The President may appoint several persons who shall be Secretaries and Assistant Secretaries. An Executive Council shall be nominated and approved by the Council. Councillors shall be elected from Fellows by vote of returned mail unsigned ballot. Article 16. The President shall be a Fellow nominated and approved by the Council. The President shall represent the Society and supervise the business affairs. The President may appoint a Vice-President when he is unable to perform his duties. 54

Article 17. The Society may have the Honorary President. The Honorary President shall be recommended by the Council and approved by the General Meeting. The Honorary President may participate in the Council. Article 18. The Society shall hold regularly one General Meeting a year. The President shall be Chairman and preside over the administrative affairs. The program for the General Meeting shall be decided by the Council. The President may call a Special Meeting when he deems it necessary. The General Meeting requires the attendance of more than one-tenth of the members. The President shall call a Special Meeting at the written request of more than one-third of the' members. The request shall be granted only if the written statement fully explains the reasons for assembly and items for discussion. Article 19. Members unable to attend the General Meeting may give as attending member a written statement signed by himself trusting the bearer with the decision of business matters. Only one attending member may represent one absentee. Article 20. The decision of the General Meeting shall be by majority vote. When the number of votes is equal, the President shall cast the deciding vote. Article 21. The President and Councillors shall compose the Council. The dicision of the General Meeting concerning administration shall be considered and irriplemented by the Council. Article 22. The Executive Council shall carry out the decisions of the Council. Article 23. An auditor shaH be elected by the Council from FeHows excluding Councillors and Secretaries. The term of office is two years and he may be eligible for re-election. Article 24. The fiscal year of the Society shaH begin on the first of January each year and end on the thirty-first of December of the same year. Article 25. The amendments to the Constitution of the Society shall be decided at the General Meeting and must be approved by more than two-thirds of those members who are in attendance.

Addendum 1) Voting in the Council shaH be by unsigned baHot. lco and KOBAY ASH!: Carboniferous conodonts from ltsukaichi Plate 56 KOIKE and ISHIBASHI : Upper Triassic conodonts from Okinawa-jima Plate 57 1m f* ~ iJfJ fiJI 13 ffi\l:i'iIl$i2dil1~ 13 b <-4 115 @] {7Jj :zo; 'fi =f:. *- ~ 1975 ~ 6 }j 14 El 1975 ~ 4 }j 20 El b 116 @] {7Jj :zo; 4: iR *- ~ 1975 ~ 9 }j 23,24 El 1975 ip 7 }j 20 IJ IJ~ JII 1976 ip ¥fi;~'ip~ T mt 1976 ip 1 }j 30, 31 El 1975 ip 11 }j 20 El ;!l

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Erratum: Plates 56 and 57 in No. 96 should change places with each other, leaving their running titles intact. For amendment, extra prints of the Plates are enclosed.

1 9 7 5 ip 4 JJ 20 El ~ IT ~ S * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 9 7 5 ip 4 JJ 30 El Jt * IR i1!J; ~ 2-4-16 E1*~~$~-l!Y!J.-J*J (:J1re ~ Q g~ * * 84780 1'1j:) III ± ~n '\pI] ~ * * j!ffl ** ,~ IR ~ .:E ~t 2 / 13 1,600PJ ~VIIJ~ilffi,!jHJl*:t;~tt '&\ ill ~ Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan

New Series No. 97 April 30, 1975

CONTENTS

TRANSACTIONS Presidential Address

MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro: Ammonitology in Japan-A Historical Review...... 1 643. MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro and KUWANO, Tadashi: A Find of Pseudocalycocem s from Hokkaido...... 7

644. MURATA, Masayumi and BAN DO, Yuji: Discovery of Late Permian Araxocem s from the Toyoma Formation in the Kitakami Massif, Northeast Japan 22

645. Hu, Chung-Hung: Ontogenies of Two Species of Silicified Trilobites from Middle Ordovician, Virginia...... 32

PROCEEDINGS ...... 48