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2-2 – The Roman Empire - Pages 30-35
Essential Question: What problems from both inside and outside caused the Roman Empire to split and the western half to collapse?
Main Idea 1: Many problems threatened the Roman Empire, leading one emperor to divide it in half.
• At its height the ______included all the ______around the Mediterranean Sea. • The empire became too ______to defend or ______efficiently. • Emperor Diocletian ______the empire to make it more ______. • Diocletion was more concerned with strengthening the ______than with personal ______. • He showed this by ______the empire and ______a co-emperor.
Problems in the Empire • Emperors gave up ______out of fear of ______. • They ______the threat as the empire expanded it had become too ______to defend and ______efficiently. • Yet new ______to the empire were appearing. • Many ______were needed in the Roman ______. • Outside ______threats to Rome required a large ______to defend itself. • Because so many people were needed for the ______, there was no one left to ______the land. • ______and high ______threatened Rome’s survival.
Division of the Empire • Emperor Diocletian ______the empire because it was too ______for one person to rule. • Emperor Constantine ______the two halves shortly after he took power. He moved the capital ______, into what is now ______. • The new ______was called Constantinople. Power no longer resided in ______. • The ______of Diocletian and Constatine were ______. • Diocletian ______the empire into two halves and Constantine ______the two halves.
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Main Idea 2: Barbarians invaded Rome in the 300s and 400s.
• Not long after Rome’s capital moved, ______barbarians raided the Roman Empire. • In the late 300s, a new group, called the ______, invaded Europe. They were from Central ______. • Defeated Goths moved into and eventually ______Roman ______. • Additional ______by more invaders made the empire ______.
The Sacking of Rome • The ______pushed a group called the ______into ______because they had nowhere else to go. • The Goths destroyed Rome after Rome quit ______them not to ______. • The Goths ______, or destroyed, Rome in ______. • The Goth’s ______greatly affected the ______of Rome. • The attack made ______realize that Rome could be ______.
The Empire in Chaos • The Goths’ victory encouraged other groups to ______the western half of the ______. • The Vandals invaded ______, crossed into northern ______, and destroyed Roman settlements. • Led by Attila, the Huns raided most of the ______territory in the east, except for ______. Attila avoided ______because he had been told diseases ran wild there. • Roman emperors became ______, and ______leaders took power. They did not protect the ______, however. • A Barbarian ______overthrew the last weak emperor in Rome and named himself king in 476. This event is considered the end of the ______.
Main Idea 3: Many factors contributed to Rome’s fall.
• The ______size of the empire made it ______to govern. • Barbarian invasions ______the empire. • ______, or the decay of people’s values, in ______led to inefficiency in government. ______and ______were used to achieve goals. • ______citizens began to leave Rome, making life more difficult for those who ______. • ______and a weakening economy were factors. • The ______used its power to make and remove emperors.