A Paradigm Shift in the Trophic Importance of Jellyfish?
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DOCTORAL THESIS a Physio-Ecological Study of Ephyrae
DOCTORAL THESIS A Physio-ecological Study of Ephyrae of the Common Jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), with Special Reference to their Survival Capability under Starvation Zhilu Fu Graduate School of Biosphere Science Hiroshima University September 2014 DOCTORAL THESIS A Physio-ecological Study of Ephyrae of the Common Jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), with Special Reference to their Survival Capability under Starvation Zhilu Fu Department of environmental Dynamics and Management Graduate School of Biosphere Science Hiroshima University September 2014 Abstract The moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. is the most common scyphozoan jellyfish in the coastal waters around the world, and the mass occurrences of this species have been reported from various regions. In recent decades, A. aurita blooms have become increasingly prominent in East Asian seas, causing serious problems to human sectors such as fisheries and coastal power plant operations. Therefore, it is important to identify causes for the enhancement of A. aurita populations to forecast likely outbreaks prior to the season of medusa blooms. In the population dynamics of scyphozoan jellyfish, the following two factors are important to determine the size of adult (medusa) population: (1) the abundance of benthic polyps, which reproduce asexually and undergo seasonal strobilation to release planktonic ephyrae, and (2) the mortality of ephyrae before recruitment to the medusa stage. Although much knowledge has been accumulated about physio-ecology of the polyp stage by previous studies, only few studies have been conducted for the ephyra stage. The success for survival through larval stage is basically affected by two factors, viz. food availability and predation. -
A Survey of the Order Tetraodontiformes on Coral Reef Habitats in Southeast Florida
Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks HCNSO Student Capstones HCNSO Student Work 4-28-2020 A Survey of the Order Tetraodontiformes on Coral Reef Habitats in Southeast Florida Anne C. Sevon Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] This document is a product of extensive research conducted at the Nova Southeastern University . For more information on research and degree programs at the NSU , please click here. Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_stucap Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation Anne C. Sevon. 2020. A Survey of the Order Tetraodontiformes on Coral Reef Habitats in Southeast Florida. Capstone. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, . (350) https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_stucap/350. This Capstone is brought to you by the HCNSO Student Work at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in HCNSO Student Capstones by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Capstone of Anne C. Sevon Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science M.S. Marine Environmental Sciences M.S. Coastal Zone Management Nova Southeastern University Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography April 2020 Approved: Capstone Committee Major Professor: Dr. Kirk Kilfoyle Committee Member: Dr. Bernhard Riegl This capstone is available at NSUWorks: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cnso_stucap/350 HALMOS -
The Teeth and Dentition of the Filefish (Stephanolepis Cirrhifer) Revisited Tomographically
1 J-STAGE Advance Publication: August 12, 2020 Journal of Oral Science Original article The teeth and dentition of the filefish (Stephanolepis cirrhifer) revisited tomographically Hirofumi Kanazawa1,2), Maki Yuguchi1,2,3), Yosuke Yamazaki1,2,3), and Keitaro Isokawa1,2,3) 1) Division of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan 2) Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan 3) Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan (Received October 31, 2019; Accepted November 26, 2019) Abstract: The upper and lower tooth-bearing jaws of the filefish (Stepha- Teeth of Non-Mammalian Vertebrates, Elsevier, 2017). nolepis cirrhifer) were scanned using a micro-CT system in order to With regard to filefish dentition in Japan, an early morphologic and address the existing gaps between the traditional pictures of the morphol- histologic study of Monocanthus cirrhifer and Cantherines modestus ogy and histology. 2D tomograms, reconstructed 3D models and virtual (synonyms Stephanolepis cirrhifer and Thamnaconus modestus, respec- dissection were employed to examine and evaluate the in situ geometry of tively) was carried out by Sohiti Isokawa (Isokawa, Zool Mag 64, 194-197, tooth implantation and the mode of tooth attachment both separately and 1955). Phylogenetic interrelationships in the balistoids were examined collectively. No distinct sockets comparable to those in mammals were extensively by Matsuura [4], based on many anatomical characteristics evident, but shallow depressions were observed in the premaxillary and including the tooth-bearing jaws, which were the premaxillary and the the dentary. The opening of the tooth pulp cavity was not simply oriented dentary. -
First Record of a Filefish, Thamnaconus Tessellatus (Monacanthidae: Tetraodontiformes) from Jeju Island, Korea
KOREAN JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY, Vol. 29, No. 4, 277-281, December 2017 Received: October 26, 2017 ISSN: 1225-8598 (Print), 2288-3371 (Online) Revised: December 4, 2017 Accepted: December 5, 2017 First Record of a Filefish,Thamnaconus tessellatus (Monacanthidae: Tetraodontiformes) from Jeju Island, Korea By Jeong-Ho Park, Seo Ha Jang, Do Gyun Kim1, Jae-Mook Jeong2, Sukyung Kang and Jin-Koo Kim3,* Fisheries Resource Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Busan 46083, Republic of Korea 1Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam 53064, Republic of Korea 2Fisheries Resources Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gyeongnam 53064, Republic of Korea 3Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea ABSTRACT A single specimen (273.1 mm in standard length) of the monacanthid Thamnaconus tessellatus was caught by oneboat trawl from western Jeju Island and then collected at Busan Cooperative Fish Market (BCFM) on 30 May 2015. The specimen is characterized by both head and body with many dark brown spots densely, posterior margin of caudal fin no black, first dorsal spine originates the posterior half of eye, and 34~37 dorsal fin rays. This is the first record of T. tessellatus in Korea; we therefore add the species to the Korean fish fauna. According to the Yamada et al. (1995), we propose the Korean name, “Nambyeoljwichi” for this species. Key words: Monacanthidae, Thamnaconus tessellatus, deep-water leatherjacket, new Korean record, Jeju Island INTRODUCTION is characterized by fully erected first dorsalfin spine (not enveloped in a loose, prominent flap of skin), pelvic fin The family Monacanthidae of the order Tetraodonti rudiment moderate and located at posterior end of pelvis, formes is widely distributed throughout the world, with body depth equal to or greater than length of head length, 107 species in 28 genera (Nelson et al., 2016). -
Towards the Acoustic Estimation of Jellyfish Abundance
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 295: 105–111, 2005 Published June 23 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Towards the acoustic estimation of jellyfish abundance Andrew S. Brierley1,*, David C. Boyer2, 6, Bjørn E. Axelsen3, Christopher P. Lynam1, Conrad A. J. Sparks4, Helen J. Boyer2, Mark J. Gibbons5 1Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, UK 2National Marine Information and Research Centre, PO Box 912, Swakopmund, Namibia 3Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway 4Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Technikon, PO Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa 5Zoology Department, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X 17, Bellville 7535, South Africa 6Present address: Fisheries & Environmental Research Support, Orchard Farm, Cockhill, Castle Cary, Somerset BA7 7NY, UK ABSTRACT: Acoustic target strengths (TSs) of the 2 most common large medusae, Chrysaora hysoscella and Aequorea aequorea, in the northern Benguela (off Namibia) have previously been estimated (at 18, 38 and 120 kHz) from acoustic data collected in conjunction with trawl samples, using the ‘comparison method’. These TS values may have been biased because the method took no account of acoustic backscatter from mesozooplankton. Here we report our efforts to improve upon these estimates, and to determine TS additionally at 200 kHz, by conducting additional sampling for mesozooplankton and fish larvae, and accounting for their likely contribution to the total backscatter. Published sound scattering models were used to predict the acoustic backscatter due to the observed numerical densities of mesozooplankton and fish larvae (solving the forward problem). Mean volume backscattering due to jellyfish alone was then inferred by subtracting the model-predicted values from the observed water-column total associated with jellyfish net samples. -
Ecological Importance of Auxis Spp. As Prey for Dolphin and Wahoo
Ecological importance of Auxis spp. as prey for Dolphin and Wahoo DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Marine Fisheries SAFMC Dolphin/Wahoo Committee| Steve Poland | 12/3/2018 Overview Background • MAFMC request Pelagic Food Web in the SAB • Auxis spp. Important prey in Dolphin/Wahoo diets • Poland thesis – seasonal and size contribution • Rudershausen – annual contribution Questions? 2 MAFMC Unmanaged Forage Omnibus Amendment “To prohibit the development of new and expansion of existing directed commercial fisheries on unmanaged forage species … until the Council has had an adequate opportunity to assess the scientific information relating to any new or expanded directed fisheries and consider potential impacts to existing fisheries, fishing communities, and the marine ecosystem.” Major Actions • Designate taxa included in the amendment as EC species • Manage chub mackerel under discretionary authority • Require EFPs for new fisheries and require comm vessels to be permitted if landing EC species 3 Request to South Atlantic NMFS disapproved measures • Determined inclusion of Auxis spp as a EC species is inconsistent with NS2 • Did not demonstrate the Auxis spp are important forage for MAFMC managed species MAFMC felt that Auxis still warranted protection within its management region • Sent request to SAFMC to consider management of Auxis under its Dolphin/Wahoo FMP Dolphin/Wahoo management unit extends from FL Keys through NY 4 Prey Groups 1. Sargassum associated prey • Filefish, pufferfish, juvenile jacks, swimming crabs 2. Surface schooling prey • Flying fish 3. Schooling prey not assoc. with surface • Bullet tuna, round herring, jacks, cephalopods 4. Small aggregations of crustaceans • Amphipods, stomatopods, isopods Auxis spp. Two species occur in the Atlantic: • A. -
Bleeker, 1856), from Yoron-Jima Island, Ryukyu Islands (Actinopterygii, Tetraodontiformes, Monacanthidae
Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. A, 39(4), pp. 211–213, November 22, 2013 First Record of the Filefish, Pseudomonacanthus macrurus (Bleeker, 1856), from Yoron-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands (Actinopterygii, Tetraodontiformes, Monacanthidae) Keiichi Matsuura1 and Satoru N. Chiba2 1 Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4–1–1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305–0005 Japan E-mail: [email protected] 2 Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4–1–1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305–0005 Japan E-mail: [email protected] (Received 20 August 2013; accepted 2 October 2013) Abstract A 113-mm SL specimen of a filefish, Pseudomonacanthus macrurus (Bleeker, 1856), was collected with a dip net at a depth of 1 m off the eastern north coast of Yoron-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands. Although juveniles and young specimens were previously recorded from the southern part of Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands, the Yoron-jima specimen represents the first record of an adult of P. macrurus from Japan. Key words : Monacanthidae, Tetraodontiformes, distribution, fauna, Japan. vic fin measured from tip of upper lip to poste- Introduction rior end of encasing scales. The specimen is During a survey of the fish fauna of Yoron- deposited at the Kagoshima University Museum jima Island lying in the southern part of Satsunan (KAUM), and a tissue sample of the specimens Group in the Ryukyu Islands, an adult specimen is deposited at the National Museum of Nature of the filefish, Pseudomonacanthus macrurus and Science (NSMT) under the registration num- (Bleeker, 1856), was collected at a depth of 1m ber of NSMT-DNA-60524. -
Ictalurus Punctatus) Female X Blue Catfish (Ictalurus Furcatus) Male Hybrid Embryos
Studies for Improvement of Reproductive Biotechnology for Production of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Female X Blue Catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Male Hybrid Embryos by Dayan Anselm Perera A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama December 8, 2012 Keywords: Efficacy, Toxicity, OVA-EAZE, LHRHa, Xenogenics Copyright 2012 by Dayan A. Perera Approved by Rex A. Dunham, Chair, Alumni Professor, Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures Ronald P. Phelps, Associate Professor, Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures Eric J. Peatman, Assistant Professor, Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures Joseph C. Newton Associate professor, College of Veterinary Medicine Abstract Investigative studies were conducted on the relative effectiveness between carp pituitary extract (CPE), luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) injections and LHRHa implants for producing hybrid catfish embryos. Data from the past 15 years, which included, 25 on CPE, 20 on LHRHa injections, and 20 for LHRHa implants, respectively, were evaluated. LHRHa administered as an injection or implant produced more (P<0.001) fry/kg than CPE. Mean fry/kg female body weight (all females) produced was 948 for, CPE 2,483 LHRHa injections and 2,765 for LHRHa. There was not a significant difference in fry/kg between the two LHRHa treatments. The coefficient of variance indicated more consistent results for CPE (CV=37.5), and LHRHa implants (CV= 35.9) than LHRHA injections (CV= 49.9). The second study investigated the effectiveness of OVA-EAZE a Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone analog (LHRHa). This study investigated des-Gly10,[D-Ala6] LHRH Ethyl amide (LHRHa) administered in two doses of 20 µg per kilogram of female channel catfish body weight as a priming dose, followed 12 hours later by a resolving injection of 100 µg per kilogram of body weight, to determine its effectiveness in inducing ovulation in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). -
Intrinsic Vulnerability in the Global Fish Catch
The following appendix accompanies the article Intrinsic vulnerability in the global fish catch William W. L. Cheung1,*, Reg Watson1, Telmo Morato1,2, Tony J. Pitcher1, Daniel Pauly1 1Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, Aquatic Ecosystems Research Laboratory (AERL), 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada 2Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas, Universidade dos Açores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal *Email: [email protected] Marine Ecology Progress Series 333:1–12 (2007) Appendix 1. Intrinsic vulnerability index of fish taxa represented in the global catch, based on the Sea Around Us database (www.seaaroundus.org) Taxonomic Intrinsic level Taxon Common name vulnerability Family Pristidae Sawfishes 88 Squatinidae Angel sharks 80 Anarhichadidae Wolffishes 78 Carcharhinidae Requiem sharks 77 Sphyrnidae Hammerhead, bonnethead, scoophead shark 77 Macrouridae Grenadiers or rattails 75 Rajidae Skates 72 Alepocephalidae Slickheads 71 Lophiidae Goosefishes 70 Torpedinidae Electric rays 68 Belonidae Needlefishes 67 Emmelichthyidae Rovers 66 Nototheniidae Cod icefishes 65 Ophidiidae Cusk-eels 65 Trachichthyidae Slimeheads 64 Channichthyidae Crocodile icefishes 63 Myliobatidae Eagle and manta rays 63 Squalidae Dogfish sharks 62 Congridae Conger and garden eels 60 Serranidae Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets 60 Exocoetidae Flyingfishes 59 Malacanthidae Tilefishes 58 Scorpaenidae Scorpionfishes or rockfishes 58 Polynemidae Threadfins 56 Triakidae Houndsharks 56 Istiophoridae Billfishes 55 Petromyzontidae -
Florida Recreational Saltwater Fishing Regulations
Florida Recreational Issued: July 2020 New regulations are highlighted in red Saltwater Fishing Regulations (please visit: MyFWC.com/Fishing/Saltwater/Recreational Regulations apply to state waters of the Gulf and Atlantic for the most current regulations) All art: © Diane Rome Peebles, except snowy grouper (Duane Raver) Reef Fish Snapper General Snapper Regulations: • Snapper Aggregate Bag Limit - Within state waters ul of the Atlantic and Gulf, Snapper, Cubera u l Snapper, Red u l X Snapper, Vermilion X Snapper, Lane u l all species of snapper are Minimum Size Limits: Minimum Size Limits: Minimum Size Limits: Minimum Size Limits: included in a 10 fish per • Atlantic and Gulf - 12" (see below) • Atlantic - 20" • Atlantic - 12" • Atlantic and Gulf - 8" harvester per day aggregate • Gulf - 16" • Gulf - 10" bag limit in any combination Daily Recreational Bag Limit: Daily Recreational Bag Limit: of snapper species, unless • Atlantic and Gulf - 10 per harvester Season: Daily Recreational Bag Limit: • Atlantic - 10 per harvester stated otherwise. under 30", included within snapper • Atlantic - Open year-round • Atlantic - 5 per harvester not included • Gulf - 100 pounds per harvester, not • Seasons – If no seasonal aggregate bag limit • Gulf - Open June 11–July 25 within snapper aggregate bag limit included within snapper aggregate • May additionally harvest up to 2 over • Gulf - 10 per harvester not included bag limit information is provided, the Daily Recreational Bag Limit: species is open year-round. 30" per harvester or vessel-whichever within snapper aggregate bag limit is less-, and these 2 fish over 30" are • Atlantic and Gulf - 2 per harvester not included within snapper aggregate • Gulf - Zero daily bag and possession limit bag limit for captain and crew on for-hire vessels. -
Jellyfish Aggregations and Leatherback Turtle Foraging Patterns in a Temperate Coastal Environment
Ecology, 87(8), 2006, pp. 1967–1972 Ó 2006 by the the Ecological Society of America JELLYFISH AGGREGATIONS AND LEATHERBACK TURTLE FORAGING PATTERNS IN A TEMPERATE COASTAL ENVIRONMENT 1 2 2 2 1,3 JONATHAN D. R. HOUGHTON, THOMAS K. DOYLE, MARK W. WILSON, JOHN DAVENPORT, AND GRAEME C. HAYS 1Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sustainability, University of Wales Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP United Kingdom 2Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Sciences, University College Cork, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland Abstract. Leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) are obligate predators of gelatinous zooplankton. However, the spatial relationship between predator and prey remains poorly understood beyond sporadic and localized reports. To examine how jellyfish (Phylum Cnidaria: Orders Semaeostomeae and Rhizostomeae) might drive the broad-scale distribution of this wide ranging species, we employed aerial surveys to map jellyfish throughout a temperate coastal shelf area bordering the northeast Atlantic. Previously unknown, consistent aggregations of Rhizostoma octopus extending over tens of square kilometers were identified in distinct coastal ‘‘hotspots’’ during consecutive years (2003–2005). Examination of retro- spective sightings data (.50 yr) suggested that 22.5% of leatherback distribution could be explained by these hotspots, with the inference that these coastal features may be sufficiently consistent in space and time to drive long-term foraging associations. Key words: aerial survey; Dermochelys coriacea; foraging ecology; gelatinous zooplankton; jellyfish; leatherback turtles; planktivore; predator–prey relationship; Rhizostoma octopus. INTRODUCTION remains the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea that Understanding the distribution of species is central to ranges widely throughout temperate waters during R many ecological studies, yet this parameter is sometimes summer and autumn months (e.g., Brongersma 1972). -
And Type the TITLE of YOUR WORK in All Caps
DETERMINATION OF ALUMINUM CONTENT IN FOOD PRODUCTS AND TEXTURE PROFILE OF JELLYFISH PRODUCTS by CHAO XU (Under the Direction of Yao-wen Huang) ABSTRACT This study analyzed texture properties and mineral profiles of jellyfish products, which can provide valuable information for utilizing jellyfish as a potential food resource, as well as developing appropriate strategies to control the product quality. Desalting cured jellyfish in water is a critical step to create jellyfish a desirable texture. Inorganic elements in processed jellyfish were also under investigation. Fresh jellyfish are processed with mixture of salt and alum, and then the cured jellyfish are desalted in water before consumption. Very little is known about the inorganic constituents of jellyfish. In this study desalted jellyfish were examined for 7 elements, including Al, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, and Zn, using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. High amount of aluminum was found in cannonball jellyfish samples. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with spectrophotometric detection using quercetin is developed to determine aluminum content. INDEX WORDS: Jellyfish, Texture, Mineral Profile, Aluminum, HPLC, Instrumental Texture Properties DETERMINATION OF ALUMINUM CONTENT IN FOOD PRODUCTS AND TEXTURE OF JELLYFISH PRODUCTS by CHAO XU B.S., China Agricultural University, China 2010 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE ATHENS, GEORGIA 2013 © 2013 Chao Xu All Rights Reserved DETERMINATION OF ALUMINUM CONTENT IN FOOD PRODUCTS AND TEXTURE OF JELLYFISH PRODUCTS by CHAO XU Major Professor: Yao-wen Huang Committee: William L. Kerr Robert L. Shewfelt Electronic Version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia August 2013 DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this to my parents for their love.