Trawl Fishery of Guyana Aaron Garstin [email protected]
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Gulf and Caribbean Research Volume 29 | Issue 1 2018 Reducing Elasmobranch Bycatch in the Atlantic Seabob (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) Trawl Fishery of Guyana Aaron Garstin [email protected] Hazel A. Oxenford CERMES, University of the West Indies, [email protected] DOI: 10.18785/gcr.2901.04 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Garstin, A. and H. A. Oxenford. 2018. Reducing Elasmobranch Bycatch in the Atlantic Seabob (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) Trawl Fishery of Guyana. Gulf and Caribbean Research 29 (1): GCFI 10-GCFI 20. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol29/iss1/4 This Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute Partnership is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf and Caribbean Research by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VOLUME 25 VOLUME GULF AND CARIBBEAN Volume 25 RESEARCH March 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS GULF AND CARIBBEAN SAND BOTTOM MICROALGAL PRODUCTION AND BENTHIC NUTRIENT FLUXES ON THE NORTHEASTERN GULF OF MEXICO NEARSHORE SHELF RESEARCH Jeffrey G. Allison, M. E. Wagner, M. McAllister, A. K. J. Ren, and R. A. Snyder....................................................................................1—8 WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT SPECIES RICHNESS AND DISTRIBUTION ON THE OUTER—SHELF SOUTH TEXAS BANKS? Harriet L. Nash, Sharon J. Furiness, and John W. Tunnell, Jr. ......................................................................................................... 9—18 Volume 29 ASSESSMENT OF SEAGRASS FLORAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE FROM TWO CARIBBEAN MARINE PROTECTED 2018 AREAS ISSN: 2572-1410 Paul A. X. Bologna and Anthony J. Suleski ............................................................................................................................................. 19—27 SPATIAL AND SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF RED DRUM CAUGHT AND RELEASED IN TAMPA BAY, FLORIDA, AND FAC- TORS ASSOCIATED WITH POST—RELEASE HOOKING MORTALITY Kerry E. Flaherty, Brent L. Winner, Julie L. Vecchio, and Theodore S. Switzer....................................................................................29—41 CHARACTERIZATION OF ICHTHYOPLANKTON IN THE NORTHEASTERN GULF OF MEXICO FROM SEAMAP PLANK- TON SURVEYS, 1982—1999 Joanne Lyczkowski—Shultz, David S. Hanisko, Kenneth J. Sulak, Ma gorzata Konieczna, and Pamela J. Bond ..................................43—98 ł GULF AND CARIBBEAN RE Short Communications DEPURATION OF MACONDA (MC—252) OIL FOUND IN HETEROTROPHIC SCLERACTINIAN CORALS (TUBASTREA COCCINEA AND TUBASTREA MICRANTHUS) ON OFFSHORE OIL/GAS PLATFORMS IN THE GULF Steve R. Kolian, Scott Porter, Paul W. Sammarco, and Edwin W. Cake, Jr........................................................................................99—103 EFFECTS OF CLOSURE OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET ON SALTWATER INTRUSION AND BOTTOM WATER HYPOXIA IN LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN Michael A. Poirrier .............................................................................................................................................................................105—109 DISTRIBUTION AND LENGTH FREQUENCY OF INVASIVE LIONFISH (PTEROIS SP.) IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO OF MEXICO Alexander Q. Fogg, Eric R. Hoffmayer, William B. Driggers III, Matthew D. Campbell, Gilmore J. Pellegrin, and William Stein SEARCH ............................................................................................................................................................................................................111—115 NOTES ON THE BIOLOGY OF INVASIVE LIONFISH (PTEROIS SP.) FROM THE NORTHCENTRAL GULF OF MEXICO William Stein III, Nancy J. Brown—Peterson, James S. Franks, and Martin T. O’Connell ...............................................................117—120 RECORD BODY SIZE FOR THE RED LIONFISH, PTEROIS VOLITANS (SCORPAENIFORMES), IN THE SOUTHERN GULF OF MEXICO Alfonso Aguilar—Perera, Leidy Perera—Chan, and Luis Quijano—Puerto ...........................................................................................121—123 EFFECTS OF BLACK MANGROVE (AVICENNIA GERMINANS) EXPANSION ON SALTMARSH (SPARTINA ALTERNI- FLORA) BENTHIC COMMUNITIES OF THE SOUTH TEXAS COAST Jessica Lunt, Kimberly McGlaun, and Elizabeth M. Robinson..........................................................................................................125—129 TIME—ACTIVITY BUDGETS OF STOPLIGHT PARROTFISH (SCARIDAE: SPARISOMA VIRIDE) IN BELIZE: CLEANING INVITATION AND DIURNAL PATTERNS Wesley A. Dent and Gary R. Gaston .................................................................................................................................................131—135 FIRST RECORD OF A NURSE SHARK, GINGLYMOSTOMA CIRRATUM, WITHIN THE MISSISSIPPI SOUND Jill M. Hendon, Eric R. Hoffmayer, and William B. Driggers III......................................................................................................137—139 REVIEWERS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................141 INSTRUCTION TO AUTHORS ...............................................................................................................................................................142-143 Published by © 2013 The University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Published by Research Laboratory. MARCH 2013 Printed in the United States of America ISSN: 1528—0470 703 East Beach Drive All rights reserved. No part of this publication covered by the Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 copyright hereon may be reproduced or copied in any form or 228.872.4200 • FAX: 228.872.4204 by any means without written permission from the publisher. Ocean Springs, Mississippi www.usm.edu/gcrl Gulf and Caribbean Research Vol 29, GCFI 10-21, 2018 Manuscript received, November 15, 2017; accepted, March 17, 2018 DOI: 10.18785/gcr.2901.04 GULF AND CARIBBEAN FISHERIES INSTITUTE PARTNERSHIP REDUCING ELASMOBRANCH BY—CATCH IN THE ATLANTIC SEABOB (XIPHOPENAEUS KROYERI) TRAWL FISHERY OF GUYANA† Aaron D. Garstin* and Hazel A. Oxenford Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies (CERMES), University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados; *corresponding author, email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The Atlantic seabob (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) trawl fishery is very important to Guyana, with 88 licensed industrial vessels har- vesting about 15,000 mt annually, representing Guyana’s most valuable seafood export. All vessels are already using both teleost by—catch reductionKEY W ORDSdevices: Megalopidae,(BRDs) and turtle Elopiform, excluder leptocephali, devices (TEDs) Gulf ofto Mexico,satisfy international metamorphosis market standards. However, the key stakeholder, the Guyana Association of Private Trawler Owners and Seafood Processors, is now seeking to access sustainable seafood markets through pursu- ing Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification. To this end, this study documents elasmobranch by—catch in the current fishery and exam- ines the effectiveness of a modified TED (with a reduced bar spacing and the addition of a brace bar) in reducing elasmobranch by—catch. From July—August 2014, 131 tows were made, 80 of which represented simultaneous hauls with control and modified TEDs. One shark and 8 ray species were recorded. A statistically significant 40% decline in the elasmobranch catch rate was observed when using modified TEDs compared with control TEDs (mean by—catch rate dropped from 2.3 to 1.4 individuals per twin—trawl/h). Furthermore, modified TEDs signifi- cantly reduced the mean size of rays caught by 6.3%. This also resulted in a virtual elimination of 3 IUCN—designated 'Near Threatened' ray species in the by—catch, although having little effect on the capture of small—sized elasmobranch species, including the 'Critically Endangered' Caribbean Electric Ray (Narcine bancroftii). We conclude that the modified TED was successful in reducing the by—catch of vulnerable elas- mobranch species and should advance progress towards attaining by—catch standards required for MSC certification. KEY WORDS: ray, shark, shrimp trawl fishery, TED, by—catch reduction INTRODUCTION The marine fisheries of Guyana comprise an offshore season (December—February) to 8—10 days when fishing industrial trawl fishery for penaeid shrimps (numbering is poorer. They fish 24 hours a day, generally making 4—6 around 100 vessels), a semi—industrial deep slope fishery for hauls per day of 3—4 hour duration. Almost all of the an- Red Snapper (Lutjanus campechanus, numbering less than nual harvest of around 15,000 mt is exported to the USA 50 vessels) and an inshore artisanal fishery for a variety of and European Union as frozen shell—off tails and is valued shrimp and finfishes (numbering around 1,200 vessels) as at around US$45 million per year, representing Guyana’s described in various national reports (e.g., Shepherd et al. most valuable seafood export (Maison 2016). 1999, FAO 2005, Greer 2005, Richardson 2013, MacDon- The shared shrimp and finfish resources of the Guianas— ald et al. 2015, Maison 2016). One of the most important Brazil shelf have received considerable attention over the species harvested is the Atlantic seabob shrimp (Xipho- last few decades through the efforts of various joint scien- penaeus kroyeri), targeted by both the inshore artisanal