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Insect Diapause: a Review
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A 7 (2017) 456-475 doi: 10.17265/2161-6256/2017.07.002 D DAVID PUBLISHING Insect Diapause: A Review Harsimran Kaur Gill1, Gaurav Goyal2 and Gurminder Chahil3 1. Department of Entomology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA 2. Technical Agronomist, Monsanto, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA 3. Agriculture Extension Coordinator, Manitoba Agriculture, Swan River, MB R0L 0Z0, Canada Abstract: Diapause is defined as a period of suspended development in insects and other invertebrates during unfavorable environmental conditions. Diapause is commonly confused with term “quiescence” as both are dormant development stages. Here this paper aimed to review the research work done on different aspects of diapause. Attempt was made to explain definitions of diapause, incidence, stages and termination of diapause, genetic control, factors affecting diapauses, including temperature, photoperiod, moisture and food, etc.. Key words: Diapause, quiescence, diapauses theory, stages of diapauses, genetic control, biotic and abiotic factors, insects. 1. Introduction embryonic, larval, pupal or adult stages. For example, silkworm moth (Bombyx mori) overwinters in embryo Diapause is an important adaptation in many insect stage, just before segmentation. The gypsy moth species enabling them to sustain in regions which (Lymantia dispar) enters diapause as a fully formed would otherwise be unfavorable for permanent larva with hatching occurring immediately after habitation, and to maintain high numbers in an diapause ends. Obligate diapause is often universal, environment which might otherwise support only a resulting in strictly univoltine life cycle with every low population [1]. The term “diapause” was applied individual in every generation experiencing diapause, by Wheeler [2] to egg stage of grasshopper, irrespective of any possible environmental variations. -
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THE HERPETOLOGICAL BULLETIN The Herpetological Bulletin is produced quarterly and publishes, in English, a range of articles concerned with herpetology. These include full-length papers, new methodologies, short communications, natural history notes and book reviews. Emphasis is placed on field studies, conservation, veterinary and behavioural aspects. Authors should read and adhere to the British Ecological Society’s Ethical Policy and Guidelines, a full version of which can be found at https://www.thebhs.org/info-advice/134-bhs-ethics-policy or The Herpetological Bulletin (2017), 141: 46- 18. All submissions are liable to assessment by the editorial board for ethical considerations, and publication may be refused on the recommendation of this committee. Contributors may therefore need to justify killing or the use of other animal procedures, if these have been involved in the execution of the work. Likewise, work that has involved the collection of endangered species or disturbance to their habitat(s) will require full justification. Articles reporting the results of experimental research, descriptions of new taxa, or taxonomic revisions should be submitted to The Herpetological Journal (see inside back cover for Editor’s address). Guidelines for Contributing Authors: 1. See the BHS website for a free download of the Bulletin showing Bulletin style. A template is available from the BHS website www.thebhs.org or on request from the Editor. 2. Contributions should be submitted by email to [email protected]. 3. Articles should be arranged in the following general order: Title Name(s) of authors(s) Address(es) of author(s) (please indicate corresponding author) Abstract (required for all full research articles - should not exceed 10% of total word length) Text acknowledgements References Appendices Footnotes should not be included. -
Final Risk Assessments for Diquat Dibromide
Appendix A: Final Risk Assessment For Diquat Bromide The Water Quality Program NOVEMBER 2002 Publication Number 02-10-046 Appendix A: Final Risk Assessment For Diquat Bromide Prepared by: Kathleen Emmett Washington State Department of Ecology The Water Quality Program NOVEMBER 2002 Publication Number 02-10-046 For additional copies of this document contact: Department of Ecology Publications Distribution Center P.O. Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Telephone: (360) 407-7472 The Department of Ecology is an equal opportunity agency and does not discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, disability, age, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, disabled veteran's status, Vietnam Era veteran's status, or sexual orientation. If you have special accommodation needs or require this document in an alternative format, please call the secretary of the Watershed Management Section at 360-407-6404. The TTY number is 711 or 1-800-833-6388 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section: Label Description & History 1 Section 2: Chemical Characteristics 35 Section 3: Environmental Fate 47 Section 4: Environmental Effects 129 Section 5: Human Health Effects 355 Diquat Volume 4, Section 1 LABEL DESCRIPTION & HISTORY 29 PAGES SEIS Risk Assessments of Aquatic Herbicides: Study No. 00713 Diquat - LABEL DESCRIPTION & HISTORY Vol. 4, Sec. 1 – Page 1 SEIS Risk Assessments of Aquatic Herbicides: Study No. 00713 Vol. 4, Sec. 1 – Page 2 Diquat - LABEL DESCRIPTION & HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... -
(Approx) Mixed Micro Shells (22G Bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22G Bag Provides Hours of Fun; Some Interesting Foraminifera Also Included
Special Price £ US$ Family Genus, species Country Quality Size Remarks w/o Photo Date added Category characteristic (€) (approx) (approx) Mixed micro shells (22g bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22g bag provides hours of fun; some interesting Foraminifera also included. 17/06/21 Mixed micro shells Ischnochitonidae Callistochiton pulchrior Panama F+++ 89mm € 1,80 £1,55 $2,10 21/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Chaetopleura lurida Panama F+++ 2022mm € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Hairy girdles, beautifully preserved. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 30mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 27.9mm € 2,80 £2,42 $3,27 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Stenoplax limaciformis Panama F+++ 16mm+ € 6,50 £5,61 $7,60 Uncommon. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Philippines F+++ 25mm+ € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Hairy margins, beautifully preserved. 04/08/17 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Australia F+++ 25mm+ € 2,60 £2,25 $3,04 02/06/18 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 41mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 32mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 44mm+ € 5,00 £4,32 $5,85 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F++ 35mm € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 29mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Caribbean. -
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https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1934.8.13 September 1934 l\[J',M. NA·r. Mus. V1c-r., vrn, lfJ3k ADDITIONS TO THE TERTIARY MOLLUSCA OF VICTORIA. By the Rev. E. H. Chapple. Plate XIX. The type specimens of the tertiary mollusca described below are in the National Museum. With one exception, all were collected by the present author. Class PELECYPODA. Family CRASSATELLITIDAE Dall. Genus SALAPUTIUM Iredale 1924. 5alaputiu,m corioensis, sp. nov. Plate XIX, figs. I. la. Holotype, a right valve from West Beach, Corio Bay, Reg. No. 13685. Description.-Shell subquadrate, somewhat convex at umbo, depressed towards anterior margin ; a faint median ridge extends from umbo to post ventral margin. Umbo sub-central, directed anteriorly; lunule well defined, long, not striate; dorsal margin fairly straight ; anterior margin rounded; posterior obliquely angular; ventral margin strongly arched posteriorly, tapering towards anterior end of shell. Surface ornament consists of con centric ridges, somewhat flattened and reflected, interspaces plain ; no radial ornament. Inner margin of valve bevelled; finely crenulated on inner side of bevelled edge. Dimensions.-Holotype :-Length, 18 mm. ; height, 15 mm. ; depth of valve, 4 mm. Observations.-This fossil resembles 5alaputium communis (Tate) =Crassatella commun£s Tate in shape, but is larger and, unlike 5. cornmunis, it has the inner margin crenulated. It also bears some resemblance to 5. aldingensis (Finlay) =Crassatella corrugata Tate, but the latter has a plain margin and is striate between the corrugations. Localities.-West Beach, Corio Bay (Type). North bank of Mitchell River above bridge 10 miles upstream from Bairnsdale. Geological H orizon.-Barwonian (Oligocene or Miocene). -
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Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1962.25.10 ADDITIONS TO MARINE MOLLUSCA 177 1 May 1962 ADDITIONS TO THE MARINE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA INCLUDING DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW GENUS PILLARGINELLA, SIX NEW SPECIES AND TWO SUBSPECIES. Charles J. Gabriel, Honorary Associate in Gonchology, National Museum of Victoria. Introduction. It has always been my conviction that the spasmodic and haphazard collecting so far undertaken has not exhausted the molluscan species to be found in the deeper waters of South- eastern Australia. Only two large single collections have been made; first by the vessel " Challenger " in 1874 at Station 162 off East Moncoeur Island in 38 fathoms. These collections were described in the " Challenger " reports by Rev. Boog. Watson (Gastropoda) and E. A. Smith (Pelecypoda). In the latter was included a description of a shell Thracia watsoni not since taken in Victoria though dredged by Mr. David Howlett off St. Francis Island, South Australia. In 1910 the F. I. S. " Endeavour " made a number of hauls both north and south of Gabo Island and off Cape Everard. The u results of this collecting can be found in the Endeavour " reports. T. Iredale, 1924, published the results of shore and dredging collections made by Roy Bell. Since this time continued haphazard collecting has been carried out mostly as a hobby by trawler fishermen either for their own interest or on behalf of interested friends. Although some of this material has reached the hands of competent workers, over the years the recording of new species has probably been delayed. -
Marine Mollusca of Isotope Stages of the Last 2 Million Years in New Zealand
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232863216 Marine Mollusca of isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 4. Gastropoda (Ptenoglossa, Neogastropoda, Heterobranchia) Article in Journal- Royal Society of New Zealand · March 2011 DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2011.548763 CITATIONS READS 19 690 1 author: Alan Beu GNS Science 167 PUBLICATIONS 3,645 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Integrating fossils and genetics of living molluscs View project Barnacle Limestones of the Southern Hemisphere View project All content following this page was uploaded by Alan Beu on 18 December 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. This article was downloaded by: [Beu, A. G.] On: 16 March 2011 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 935027131] Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37- 41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t918982755 Marine Mollusca of isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 4. Gastropoda (Ptenoglossa, Neogastropoda, Heterobranchia) AG Beua a GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand Online publication date: 16 March 2011 To cite this Article Beu, AG(2011) 'Marine Mollusca of isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 4. Gastropoda (Ptenoglossa, Neogastropoda, Heterobranchia)', Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 41: 1, 1 — 153 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2011.548763 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2011.548763 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. -
GLASSWORMS: a LIVE OR FROZEN TREAT for EVEN the MOST FINICKY FISH Konrad Schmidt
B 31 American Currents Vol. 40, No. 1 GLASSWORMS: A LIVE OR FROZEN TREAT FOR EVEN THE MOST FINICKY FISH Konrad Schmidt My first encounter with Glassworms aka Phantom Midge I was on one attempt to collect these Glassworms using a Larvae (Chaoborous spp.) was in the 1970s working in a trawl. On the old paper graph depth finder just after sunset, tropical fish store (Schmidt 1984). These bizarre one-half- the black bottom turned a gray and appeared to rise. Just inch insects are plankton and completely transparent. Un- before the reaching the surface at what we assumed was the der a microscope, fore and aft air bladders are visible and lower end of the thermocline, the band narrowed and turned serve dual roles: maintaining equilibrium and neutral buoy- black again. We deployed the trawl, but constantly and hap- ancy to suspend larvae throughout the water column. In the hazardly zigzagged up and down through the narrow layer. tail region, there is a structure that looks very much like a Around midnight, we did get “pulled over” by sheriff depu- fin (with rays) and functions as a rudder. The head contains ties with the Washington County Water Patrol. We thought large, conspicuous eyes and massive mouth parts which are we had “some explaining” to do, but all they were interested used to catch and eat their common prey Daphnia. Glass- in was our life jackets. After a few hours of effort we had a worms move erratically through the water by contorting couple of gallons of Glassworms. Most of these were frozen, and flexing their bodies and can for short periods evade fish but I brought some home alive. -
Harvey Solberg Et Al 2016 BMC EB BU Repository
Plasticity in growth of farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: is the increased ANGOR UNIVERSITY growth rate of farmed salmon caused by evolutionary adaptations to the commercial diet? Harvey, Alison; Solberg, M.F.; Troianou, Eva; Carvalho, Gary; Taylor, Martin Ian; Creer, Simon; Dyrhovden, L; Matre, I.H.; Glover, K.A. BMC Evolutionary Biology DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n82sv PRIFYSGOL BANGOR / B Published: 01/12/2016 Peer reviewed version Cyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Harvey, A., Solberg, M. F., Troianou, E., Carvalho, G., Taylor, M. I., Creer, S., Dyrhovden, L., Matre, I. H., & Glover, K. A. (2016). Plasticity in growth of farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: is the increased growth rate of farmed salmon caused by evolutionary adaptations to the commercial diet? BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2016(16), [264]. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n82sv Hawliau Cyffredinol / General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. -
Of Southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 7. Subfamily Crassispirinae, Section 2
Ann. Natal Mus. Vol. 35 Pages 177-228 Pietermaritzburg October, 1994 Turridae [s.!.] (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 7. Subfamily Crassispirinae, section 2. by R. N. Kilburn (Natal Museum, P. Bag 9070, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa) ABSTRACT Genera Anacithara Hedley, 1922, and Antiguraleus Powell, 1942, are transferred from the Mangeliinae to the Crassispirinae. New genus: Striatoguraleus, type species Drillia thetis E. A. Smith, 1904. New species: Anacithara subrissoina, A. angulicostata; Striatoguraleus himaeformis, S. electrinus, S. vellicatus, S. laticulmen; Antiguraleus necostatus, A. sericeus, A. galatea. New synonyms: Anacitharoida Shuto, 1965 = Anacithara Hedley, 1922. Graciliclava mackayensis Shuto, 1983 = Clavus costatus Hedley, 1922. New combinations: Transferred to genus Anacithara: Drillia simplex Turton, 1932, Drillia ione Melvill & Standen, 1896, Pleurotoma (Mangilia) modica E. A. Smith, 1882, Pleurotoma (Mangilia) minutistriata E. A. Smith, 1882, Clathurella lita Melvill & Standen, 1896, Mangilia (Daphnella) dulcinea Melvill & Standen, 1895, Drillia themeropsis Melvill & Standen, 1896, Pleurotoma (Mangelia) levukensis Watson, 1881, Pleurotoma (Mangilia) platycheila E. A. Smith, 1882. Transferred to genus Striatoguraleus: Drillia thetis E. A. Smith, 1904. Transferred to genus Antiguraleus: Drillia morgana Barnard, 1958, Drillia perfiuans Barnard, 1958. Types figured (* = for the first time): Syntypes of Drillia ione Melvill & Standen, 1896, Drillia themeropsis Melvill & Standen, 1896, D. xanthoporphyria Melvill & Standen, 1896. Holotype of Pleurotoma (Mangilia) modica E. A. Smith, 1882*, Pleurotoma (Mangilia) minutistriata E. A. Smith, 1882*, Mangilia (Daphnella) dulcinea Melvill & Standen, 1895, Pleurotoma (Mangelia) levukensis Watson, 1881, Pleurotoma (Mangilia) platycheila E. A. Smith, 1882*, Drillia morgana Barnard, 1958, Drillia perfiuans Barnard, 1958. Lectotypes (here designated) of Drillia thetis E. A. Smith, 1904, Mangilia quema Melvill, 1910, Clathurella lita Melvill & Standen, 1896. -
Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 31
^MEMOIRS of the NATIONAL I MUSEUM of VICTORIA 18 May 1970 %^ Registered at the G.P.O., Me MEMOIRS of the NATIONAL MUSEUM OF VICTORIA MELBOURNE AUSTRALIA No. 31 Director J. McNally Deputy Director and Editor Edmund D. Gill PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES 18 MAY 1970 NATIONAL MUSEUM OF VICTORIA Trustees Sir Robert Blackwood, MCE BEE FIE Aust (Chairman) Henry G. A. Osborne, BAgrSc (Deputy Chairman) James C. F. Wharton, BSc (Treasurer) Professor E. S. Hills, PhD (Lond) Hon DSc (Dunelm) DSc FIC FAA FRS Professor S. Sunderland, CMG MD BS DSc FRACP FRACS FAA The Hon. Sir Alistair Adam, MA LLM Sir Henry Somerset, CBE MSc FRACI MAIMM W. L. Drew, Secretary to Trustees Staff Director: John McNally, ED MSc Deputy Director: Edmund D. Gill, BA BD FGS FRGS Administration: A. G. Parsons (in charge) D. E. Quinn E. J. Peat G. H. Russell Patricia Rogers Nancie Wortley Gwenda Bloom Scientific Staff Geology and Palaeontology: Curator of Fossils: T. A. Darragh, MSc DipEd Curator of Minerals: A. W. Beasley, MSc PhD DIC Assistant Curator of Fossils: K. N. Bell, BSc DipEd Assistant: R. J. Evans Vertebrate Zoology: BSc (Hons) Curator of Vertebrates : Joan M. Dixon, Curator of Birds: A. R. McEvey, BA Assistant: A. J. Coventry Invertebrate Zoology: Curator of Insects: A. Neboiss, MSc FRES Curator of Invertebrates: B. J. Smith, BSc PhD Assistants: Elizabeth M. Matheson Ryllis J. Plant Anthropology: Curator of Anthropology: A. L. West, BA Dip Soc Stud Assistant: J. A. S. Holman Library: Librarian: Joyce M. Shaw, BA Assistant: Margret A. Stam, DipFDP Display and Preparation Staff: G. -
[email protected]
Field Nats News No. 212 Newsletter of the Field Naturalists Club of Victoria Inc. Editors: Joan Broadberry 9846 1218 1 Gardenia Street, Blackburn Vic 3130 Dr Noel Schleiger 9435 8408 Telephone/Fax 9877 9860 Understanding Our Natural World www.fncv.org.au Patron: Governor of Victoria Est. 1880 Reg. No. A0033611X email: [email protected] Office Hours: Monday and Tuesday 9 am-4 pm. September 2011 Can I thank the seven members that From the President turned up to help clear out the hall of all the chairs, tables, equipment and a Due date for the October Welcome to the September edition of the vast number of boxes in late July. I newsletter Monday 5th Sep- Field Nats News. With Spring on the must say that I was a little disap- tember. FNN will go to print doorstep, anyone would think that we had pointed at the number of members on the 13th September with had a sample earlier in August with some who did turn up, given that many, collation on Tuesday 20th very mild days and record-breaking warm many people were emailed regarding starting at 10.30 am. nights. Many SIG’s will be starting to get this. I was even more embarrassed See you there! back into the swing of field trips and the that the number of “ring-ins” almost like after the winter break. That is, all bar outdid the members. A huge thank the Fungi Group outings which have now you to Hali and Rob, along with their gone into recess until next year.