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5 Alternative Conifer Species Top Five Alternative Conifer Tree Species in Great Britain ANGOR UNIVERSITY Peters, Timothy; Hardaker, Ashley; Dauksta, Dainis; Newman, Gary; Lellig, Christiane; Healey, John Published: 23/06/2021 PRIFYSGOL BANGOR / B Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Cyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Peters, T., Hardaker, A., Dauksta, D., Newman, G., Lellig, C., & Healey, J. (2021). Top Five Alternative Conifer Tree Species in Great Britain: Main Report and Executive Summary . Welsh Government. https://woodknowledge.wales/wkw-resource/forestry/top-five-alternative-conifer- tree-species-review Hawliau Cyffredinol / General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. 04. Oct. 2021 SOCIAL RESEARCH NUMBER: C160/2020/2021 PUBLICATION DATE: 23rd JUNE 2021 Top Five Alternative Conifer Tree Species in Great Britain Mae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. This document is also available in Welsh. © Crown Copyright Top Five Alternative Conifer Tree Species in Great Britain Peters, T. D.1*, Hardaker, A. R.1*, Dauksta, D.1, Newman, G.1, Lellig, C.1, & Healey, J. R.2 1 Woodknowledge Wales 2 Prifysgol Bangor University * Should be considered joint first authors Full Research Report: Peters, T. D., Hardaker, A. R., Dauksta, D., Newman, G., Lellig, C., & Healey, J. R. (2021). Top Five Alternative Conifer Tree Species in Great Britain. Cardiff: Welsh Government, GSR report number C160/2020/2021 Views expressed in this report are those of the researchers and not necessarily those of the Welsh Government. Please note this a corrected version of the report published on the 23rd June 2021 which now lists the top five ranked species in Table 3.6 in the correct order (Thuja plicata and Sequoiadendron giganteum were in the wrong order in the previous version). For further information please contact: Name: Zoë Williams-Sutton Department: Land, Nature and Forestry Welsh Government Sarn Mynach Llandudno Junction, Conwy LL31 9RZ Tel: 0300 062 2386 Email: [email protected] i Acknowledgements We would like to thank all the stakeholders who gave up their time to participate in the online meeting and follow up survey, the responses of which were key in pulling together the ranking of the top five alternative conifer species in Great Britain. We would also like to express our thanks especially to Chris Jones (Natural Resources Wales), Sarah Green (Forest Research) and Chris Reynolds (Forest Research) for giving up their valuable time to share their expertise and advice on the write up of this research report. Furthermore, we would also like to thank Bill Mason (Forest Research) and Julian Evans who provided information they felt would be valuable in collating evidence in preparation of this review. ii Table of contents Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... ii Table of contents ........................................................................................................ iii List of tables ............................................................................................................... iv List of figures ............................................................................................................... v Glossary ..................................................................................................................... vi 1. Introduction/Background ................................................................................. 1 2. Methodology ................................................................................................. 15 3. Findings ........................................................................................................ 31 4. Discussion .................................................................................................... 55 5. Conclusions .................................................................................................. 66 6. Recommendations ........................................................................................ 68 Reference section ..................................................................................................... 69 Annex A ..................................................................................................................... 99 Annex B ................................................................................................................... 111 Annex C ................................................................................................................... 114 Annex D ................................................................................................................... 118 iii List of tables Table 2.1: Value tree for identifying the relevant criteria for evaluation of the conifer species. ......................................................................................................... 18 Table 2.3: Long list of 56 alternative conifer species. ............................................... 23 Table 2.4: Values and categories for the values-by-criteria matrix, normalisation procedures for single dimension utilities and data sources. ......................... 26 Table 3.1: The pest and pathogen species affecting conifers that are currently prevalent in GB. ............................................................................................ 31 Table 3.2: Pest and pathogen species affecting conifers that are currently absent from GB but prevalent in France or elsewhere in continental Europe. ......... 32 Table 3.3: Value-by-criteria matrix. ........................................................................... 34 Table 3.4: Stakeholder swing weighting and rank order of the evaluation criteria .... 38 Table 3.5: Weighted scores, multi-attribute utilities and overall ranking of the alternative conifer species. ........................................................................... 39 Table 3.6: Top 5 ranked alternative conifer species. ................................................. 42 Table 3.7: Other alternative conifer species with merit. ............................................ 43 Table 3.8: Mean modulus of elasticity (MOE) values of the top five alternative conifer species. ......................................................................................................... 54 Table A1: Susceptibility and resistance of the alternative conifer species to high risk pests and pathogens currently in GB. ........................................................... 99 Table A2: Susceptibility and resistance of the alternative conifer species to lower risk pests and pathogens currently in GB. ......................................................... 102 Table A3: Susceptibility and resistance of the alternative conifer species to high risk pests and pathogens from France or elsewhere in Europe. ....................... 105 Table A4: Susceptibility and resistance of the alternative conifer species to lower risk pests and pathogens from France and elsewhere in Europe. .................... 108 Table B1: Range of end uses for the timber of the alternative conifer species. ...... 111 Table C1: Criteria for evaluating the suitability of alternative conifer tree species for commercial timber production across GB. .................................................. 116 Table C2: Survey questions. ................................................................................... 116 Table D1: Single dimension utility scores for the alternative conifer species. ......... 118 iv List of figures Figure 3.1: Breakdown of survey responses by category of decision maker. ........... 37 v Glossary The following acronyms and keywords are used throughout this report. The definitions below apply unless stated otherwise. Acronym/Key word Definition C12-C35 Timber strength classes CCF Continuous cover forestry CONFOR Confederation of Forest Industries (UK) Ltd Defra Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs ESC Ecological site classification EUFORGEN European Forest Genetic Resources Programme FC Forestry Commission (England and Scotland) FR Forest Research GB Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) Massive wood products includes cross-laminated Massive wood timber, laminated veneer lumber and glulam and are increasingly being used in tall buildings made of wood or in wooden structures with long spans. MCA Multi criteria analysis Met Office Meteorological Office (UK) MOE Modus of elasticity (kN/mm2) NRW Natural Resources Wales RFS Royal Forestry Society ROC Rank order centroid SilviFuture A UK-based network promoting novel forest species SMART Simple multi-attribute rating technique SMARTER Simple multi-attribute rating technique
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