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Special Branch SPECIAL BRANCH OFFICER 1 Informants are a VITAL part of detective work all over the world. Police must infiltrate the ‘enemy’ criminal or terrorist groups to get ways of knowing what they are about to do. Should police use informants who have been involved in serious crime? That’s the most difficult question, I often swithered about it in private. Knowing for sure that someone, who is giving lifesaving information did what he did in the past, particularly if it was serious crime, I just have grave reservations. How can you balance that? It’s hard, there might be intelligence it happened, but you need evidence, if you do have evidence that he has murdered someone, particularly a policeman or a soldier, if you know he has done that, I don’t think he should be getting money every week as a paid informant. I suppose when ‘The Troubles’ were going on, there was limited intelligence coming in and if your only source had been involved in serious crimes you held him on until you got someone better, so you don’t cut the cord altogether. I might say that, but it runs against the grain. It was a big dilemma. I was in Uniform most of my service, and, it was never a dilemma I had. I told SB, I don’t want to know, I have enough bloody problems of my own without knowing yours, just tell me what I need to know; they had their chain of command to deal with their problems. The danger was the most important thing the police faced. I said to SB, look I don’t want to know all your secrets, I just want to know what I need to know, but if you try to save a tout and one of my officers gets killed because you saved a tout – I will be annoyed! I was trying to save them, protect officers without hindering the job the Branch were doing. I knew they were doing a good job, being quite successful and I was happy with that, and, they were able to give me a few successes which pleased me no end. In all my service I only know of 1 or 2 cases when the intelligence gave us a complete picture - a definitive time, place and details of what was going to happen, the rest of the time the intelligence was a very vague thing. For example, SB would tell you ‘the terrorists have a bomb ready in such and such a place and they are thinking about moving it but we don’t know when’, so all you can do is put in some counter activity, even if you don’t know the time - you try and deter the terrorists for a while until you get the timings. I know informants have to be involved, they have to join the IRA, they have to prove themselves to the IRA, show they are keen to be a terrorist, and, are willing to be involved. So, they have to do something before they become of any use to us, and, the IRA will not trust them either, until they do something. It’s not easy to recruit an informant, I think there are some areas where money is a good talker, but when you get out to the ‘Countryman’, he’s not attracted by what he would call ‘dirty money’, to be an informant. One way, not the only way, was to use Uniform men to help identify potential sources. You would ask a Uniform man, who had his head screwed on, when he was on patrol to note the cars at a certain house, or, do a VCP and see who was in the car with known people, this began to help SB. To recruit a terrorist source you have to have a strong lever on him one way or another, we tested a source to see if he was willing to work with us. SPECIAL BRANCH Page 1 of 96 Handling sources within the rules is OK. I don’t know of any handlers who got into a ‘collusive’ situation. I know some handlers could almost be good friends with some of their informants, that happens that’s getting into danger territory. If it happens you start to wonder if the handler would cover for something his informant has done, or, if the informant is using that friendship, so you do wonder at times, have things reached that stage? There was certainly reluctance, if you were a SB man, or, you had a team of officers around you in the Branch, and, you had a good set of informants producing good material, you were very reluctant to identify an informant as a suspect, knowing they would be arrested by CID and charged, you were reluctant. It was selfishness, but it was pride that he was a good source that made you want to keep him. The big problem was deciding when his criminality out-weighed the value of his intelligence. There are a whole lot of similarities between a SB source and a CID source. If the source is going to be any good to CID, he has to be involved in crime. He has to be pals with the criminals, meet them, maybe play golf with them, and, drink with them; there has to be some liaison like that before the source is any good. It is easier to recruit a criminal as a source, he is in it for the money. Money is more attractive to the criminal than to the terrorist, particularly if he is an out and out Republican reared to revere ‘the boys in The Kesh’ [HMP Maze a high security prison]. Terrorists are the greater threat because they are more likely to kill somebody. Protecting life is the most important thing for the police. Informants face risks, it’s down to the police handler to manage those, and warn the source not to be too talkative, or, if they are paid money not to spend it recklessly so that others start to ask ‘where are you getting all that money from?’ I thought some of the terrorist informants I became familiar with took tremendous risks, risks I wouldn’t take, so they had to have courage. Some informants were making big money, I don’t know the amounts involved, these were people near the top. Police have a duty of care for their informants, if there is a risk he has been compromised, we have a duty of care to get him out, give him a new name and identity, somewhere else to live, if he is willing to go. That duty of care, to protect life, extends to how we use their information, and, if we use it, we have to consider the risks of disclosing the identity of the source. Meeting a source is very risky, you have to meet somewhere quiet where he has a good reason to be, and, when he goes back to his community of associates he has to be on his guard all of the time. The terrorist’s final word on informants is a body in a black bag on a border road. I wasn’t in Special Branch very long; I was reliant on colleagues for advice. I never really got to grips with the job, and, that’s why I left after a year with over 30 years police service. I had great helpers, people who kept me right because I needed to be kept right. In Uniform I had the experience of working in different places dealing with many things, so when something came up I was able to recognise the possibilities for action almost immediately, but not so when I was in the Branch. I didn’t feel content being in such a position and not having a good grip of it, so I decided to leave. The Branch became too incestuous at times, that was a problem. It did change after the unfortunate helicopter crash [1994 RAF Chinook Helicopter carrying a number of SB and MI5 officers crashed on the Mull of Kintyre killing all onboard] it had to change. A number of us were brought in as replacements, I was one of them, and we knew nothing! It opened the door a bit. After I went in I thought one senior officer was going to have a heart attack in a meeting when I said ‘Where are the Standing Orders [instructions] for meeting informants?’ It was a simple thing and I followed it up, I asked, ‘On a Saturday night there is one man on duty?’ he answered ‘Yeah’ and I said ‘what if he gets SPECIAL BRANCH Page 2 of 96 a call from a source who asks for an urgent meeting saying there is something going to happen tonight, what does the handler do?’ The reply was ‘He goes and meets him’. ‘Say he doesn’t turn up and he isn’t here on Monday morning after the weekend and we don’t know where he is, and, his wife is ringing up saying he didn’t come home. Where are you now? He has been kidnapped by the IRA, he is being tortured. Where are you if you don’t have Standing Orders telling people what to do and get back up?’ I asked. They were all the students of a previous Regional Head of Special Branch who never wrote anything down unless it was on a scrap of paper in pencil. It took something to get the Branch opened up a bit.
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