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Annual Report / Rapport Annuel / Jahresbericht 1999

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Annual Report / Rapport annuel / Jahresbericht 1999 E U R O P E A N S O U T H E R N O B S E R V A T O R Y COVER PHOTOGRAPH PHOTOGRAPHIE DE COUVERTURE UMSCHLAGFOTO Sunset at Paranal Observatory. Couché de soleil à l’Observatoire de Sonnenuntergang am Observatorium Paranal. Paranal. Annual Report / Rapport annuel / Jahresbericht 1999 presented to the Council by the Director General présenté au Conseil par le Directeur général dem Rat vorgelegt von der Generaldirektorin Dr. Catherine Cesarsky E U R O P E A N S O U T H E R N O B S E R V A T O R Y Organisation Européenne pour des Recherches Astronomiques dans l’Hémisphère Austral Europäische Organisation für astronomische Forschung in der südlichen Hemisphäre Table Table Inhalts- of Contents des matières verzeichnis FOREWORD . 5 PRÉFACE . 5 VORWORT . 5 INTRODUCTION . 9 INTRODUCTION . 9 EINLEITUNG . 9 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS . 13 POINTS CULMINANTS HÖHEPUNKTE Symposia and Workshops . 35 DE RECHERCHES . 13 DER FORSCHUNG . 13 Conférences et colloques . 35 Konferenzen und Workshops . 35 ST–ECF . 37 ST–ECF . 37 ST–ECF . 37 FACILITIES . 39 INSTALLATIONS . 39 EINRICHTUNGEN . 39 VLT . 39 VLT . 39 VLT . 39 VLT Instruments . 42 Instruments VLT . 42 VLT-Instrumente . 42 VLT Interferometer . 48 L’interféromètre VLT . 48 VLT-Interferometer . 43 La Silla Observatory . 51 Observatoire de La Silla . 51 Observatorium La Silla . 51 Paranal Observatory . 56 Observatoire de Paranal . 56 Observatorium Paranal . 56 Office of the VLT Programme Bureau du « VLT Programme Büro des VLT-Programm- Scientist . 60 Scientist » . 60 wissenschaftlers . 60 DATAMANAGEMENT GESTION DE DONNÉES DATENVERWALTUNG AND OPERATIONS . 66 ET OPÉRATIONS . 66 UND BETRIEB . 66 Science Archive Group . 66 Groupe des archives „Science Archive“-Gruppe . 66 The User Support Group (USG) 67 scientifiques . 66 „User Support“-Gruppe (USG) . 67 Data Pipeline Group . 70 Groupe de support aux „Data Pipeline“-Gruppe . 70 Systems Engineering Group utilisateurs (USG) . 67 „System Engineering“-Gruppe (SEG) . 72 Groupe de pipeline . 70 (SEG) . 72 Data Flow Operations . 73 Groupe d’ingénierie système „Data Flow Operations“-Gruppe 73 POSSII Survey . 75 (SEG) . 72 POSSII-Himmels- Opérations du flot de données . 73 durchmusterung . 75 L’étude POSSII . 75 RELATIONS WITH CHILE . 76 RELATIONS AVEC LE CHILI . 76 BEZIEHUNGEN ZU CHILE . 76 PROJECTS AND STUDIES . 78 PROJETS ET ÉTUDES . 78 PROJEKTE UND STUDIEN . 78 The ALMA Project . 78 Le projet ALMA . 78 Das ALMA-Projekt . 78 Future Projects: the OWL Projets futurs: le concept OWL . 82 Zukunftsprojekte: das OWL- Concept . 82 Konzept . 82 OUTREACH ACTIVITIES . 85 ÉDUCATION ET RELATIONS BILDUNG UND PUBLIQUES . 85 ÖFFENTLICHKEITSARBEIT 85 GOVERNING BODIES . 88 CORPS DIRIGEANTS . 88 FÜHRUNGSGREMIEN . 88 Council . 88 Le Conseil . 88 Der Rat . 88 Finance Committee . 90 Le Comité des Finances . 90 Finanzausschuss . 90 Scientific Technical Committee 91 Comité scientifique et technique 91 Wissenschaftlich- Technischer Ausschuss . 91 3 ADMINISTRATION . 94 ADMINISTRATION . 94 VERWALTUNG . 94 Personnel . 94 Personnel . 94 Personal . 94 Finance . 94 Finances . 94 Finanzen . 94 Contracts and Procurement . 96 Contrats et achats . 96 Verträge und Beschaffungen . 96 Administrative Data Processing Traitement des données Administrative Datenverwaltung (ADP) . 99 administratives (ADP) . 99 (ADP) . 99 Appendix I – Summary of Use of Annexe I – Résumé de l’utilisation Anhang I – Zusammenfassung Telescopes by Discipline . 103 des télescopes par discipline . 103 der Teleskopbenutzung nach Appendix II – Publications . 107 Annexe II – Publications . 107 Kategorien . 103 Appendix III – Council and Annexe III – Membres du Conseil Anhang II – Veröffentlichungen 107 Committee Members in 2000 . 128 et des Comités en 2000 . 128 Anhang III – Rats- und Appendix IV – ESO Staff Appendix IV – Personnel de l’ESO Ausschussmitglieder für 2000 . 128 (31.12.1999) . 130 (31.12.1999) . 130 Appendix IV – ESO-Personal (32.12.1999) . 128 4 Foreword Préface Vorwort The year 1999 marked the true begin- L’année 1999 a sonné le vrai début de Das Jahr 1999 stand im Zeichen des ning of the VLT Era, with the official l’ère du VLT, avec la remise officielle wahren Beginns des V LT- Z e i t a l t e r s . handing-over of the first 8.2-m Unit à la communauté astronomique du Das erste der beiden 8,2-m-Teleskope Telescope to the astronomical commu- premier des télescopes de 8,20 m le wurde am 1. April den Astronomen nity on April 1. This was a moment we 1er avril. Ce moment était attendu de ü b e rgeben. Wir alle haben diesem had all eagerly looked forward to, a nous tous avec impatience comme une Augenblick, einem Meilenstein in der milestone in European astronomy. étape marquante de l’astronomie euro- europäischen Astronomie, mit großen péenne. Erwartungen entgegengesehen. The Inauguration of the Paranal Obser- L’inauguration de l’Observatoire de Die Einweihung der Paranal-Stern- vatory took place a few weeks earlier, Paranal eut lieu quelques semaines au- warte fand ein paar Wochen vorher, am on March 5 (when the second telescope paravant, le 5 mars (au moment où le 5. März, statt (zu dem Zeitpunkt, als had “first light”). This was a welcome second télescope avait sa « première das zweite Teleskop “erstes Licht” opportunity for the members of the lumière »). Ce fut une occasion bien- sah). Dies war für die Mitglieder des ESO Council and other Committees to venue pour les membres du Conseil de ESO-Rats und anderer Komitees eine experience with their own body and l’ESO et des autres Comités de prendre willkommene Gelegenheit, an Ort und mind the unusual location of this major contact physiquement et intellectuelle- Stelle die ungewöhnliche Lage dieser new research facility and the enormous ment avec le lieu inhabituel de ce nou- neuen, wichtigen Forschungseinrich- progress that has taken place there dur- veau centre de recherche et de consta- tung und den außerordentlichen Fort- ing the past years. During our visit to ter les énormes progrès qui s’y étaient schritt der vergangenen Jahre mit eige- this high-technology oasis in the stark déroulés au cours des dernières années. nen Augen zu erleben. Unser Besuch desert landscape of northern Chile we Pendant notre visite de cet oasis de dieser Hochtechnologie-Oase in der were again reminded of the true scale haute technologie dans l’austère paysa- kahlen Wüstenlandschaft Nordchiles of the construction of the Very Large ge désertique, la véritable échelle de la führte uns wieder einmal das tatsächli- Telescope at such a remote site – a construction du Very Large Telescope che Ausmaß der mit der Errichtung des magnificent managerial and technical dans un tel site reculé s’imposait à Very Large Telescope an diesem ab- achievement by the ESO staff and their nous – une magnifique réussite d’orga- gelegenen Standort erbrachten Leis- industrial and institutional partners. nisation et de technique du personnel tung vor Augen – eine großartige De- de l’ESO et des partenaires institution- monstration planerischer und techni- nels. scher Errungenschaften der ESO-Be- legschaft und ihrer industriellen und in- stitutionellen Partner. The solemn ceremony on that day was La cérémonie solennelle de ce jour-là Die feierliche Zeremonie an jenem Tag held under the massive structure of the eut lieu sous la structure massive du se- fand unter der massiven Struktur des second Unit Telescope and with the cond télescope, en présence du Prési- zweiten Teleskops im Beisein des Prä- participation of the President of Chile dent du Chili et d’autres personnalités sidenten der Republik Chile und an- and other high officials from Europe d’Europe et du Chili. Les orateurs fu- derer hochrangiger Repräsentanten aus and Chile. The speakers were unani- rent unanimes dans leur éloge du tra- Europa und Chile statt. Die Redner mous in their praise of the work done vail accompli et des perspectives d’op- waren sich in ihrem Lob über die ge- and expectations of fantastic research portunités de recherche fantastiques en leistete Arbeit und in der Erwartung opportunities now opening. The live train de s’ouvrir. La démonstration in phantastischer Forschungsmöglichkei- demonstration of astronomical obser- vivo d’observations astronomiques, ac- ten, die sich nun bieten, einig. Si- vations from the VLT Control Room compagnée des explications enthou- cherlich waren an diesem Abend die that evening, accompanied by enthusi- siastes des spécialistes de l’ESO au vi- Live-Beobachtungen vom V LT- K o n- astic explanations by the ESO special- siteur néophyte, fut sans doute un mo- trollraum aus, begleitet von begeister- ists to the lay visitors, was certainly a ment d’exception pour beaucoup d’en- ten Erläuterungen der ESO-Spezia- high point for many of us. tre nous. listen für die Nichtastronomen unter 5 den Besuchern, ein Höhepunkt für uns alle. It is obvious that right from the begin- Il est évident que, dès le début des ob- Ganz offensichtlich hat ANTU (so ning of normal observations, ANTU servations normales, ANTU (ainsi a été wurde das erste V LT- Teleskop be- (as VLT UT1 was named) has worked nommé le VLT-UT1) a fonctionné à la nannt) von Anfang an die Erwartungen to the great satisfaction of the scientif- plus grande satisfaction de la commu- der Astronomen in den ESO-Mitglieds- ic community of ESO’s member coun- nauté scientifique des pays membres ländern voll erfüllt. Die wegen techni- tries. The time lost owing to technical de l’ESO. Le temps perdu du fait de scher Probleme verlorene Zeit ist im problems has been very small com- problèmes techniques a été très faible Hinblick auf die Komplexität des In- pared to what is normal for such a com- en comparaison de ce qu’on pouvait at- strumentes äußerst gering, und zahlrei- plex instrument, and a large number of tendre d’un instrument d’une telle che Beobachtungsprogramme wurden observing programmes were success- complexité, et un grand nombre de pro- erfolgreich durchgeführt.
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    Universite´ de Liege` Faculte´ des Sciences Ejections de matiere` par les astres : des etoiles´ massives aux quasars par Damien HUTSEMEKERS Docteur en Sciences Chercheur Qualifie´ du FNRS Dissertation present´ ee´ en vue de l’obtention du grade d’Agreg´ e´ de l’Enseignement Superieur´ 2003 Illustration de couverture : la n´ebuleuse du Crabe, constitu´ee de gaz ´eject´e`agrande vitesse par l’explosion d’une ´etoile en supernova. Clich´eobtenu avec le VLT et FORS2, ESO, 1999. Table des matieres` Preface´ et remerciements 5 Introduction 7 Articles 21 I Les nebuleuses´ eject´ ees´ par les etoiles´ massives 23 1 HR Carinae : a Luminous Blue Variable surrounded by an arc-shaped nebula 25 2 The nature of the nebula associated with the Luminous Blue Variable star WRA751 37 3 A dusty nebula around the Luminous Blue Variable candidate HD168625 45 4 Evidence for violent ejection of nebulae from massive stars 57 5 Dust in LBV-type nebulae 63 II Quasars de type BAL et microlentilles gravitationnelles 73 6 The use of gravitational microlensing to scan the structureofBALQSOs 75 7 ESO & NOT photometric monitoring of the Cloverleaf quasar 89 8 Selective gravitational microlensing and line profile variations in the BAL quasar H1413+117 99 9 An optical time-delay for the lensed BAL quasar HE2149-2745 113 3 III Quasars de type BAL : polarisation 127 10 A procedure for deriving accurate linear polarimetric measurements 129 11 Optical polarization of 47 quasi-stellar objects : the data 137 12 Polarization properties of a sample of Broad Absorption Line and gravitatio-
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    Csillagászati Évkönyv

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