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Kite Aerial Photography As a Tool for Remote Sensing 06/28/10 06:49:04 June 2010 Volume 48 Number 3 Article Number 3IAW7
Kite Aerial Photography as a Tool for Remote Sensing 06/28/10 06:49:04 June 2010 Volume 48 Number 3 Article Number 3IAW7 Return to Current Issue Kite Aerial Photography as a Tool for Remote Sensing Jeff Sallee Assistant Professor/Extension Specialist [email protected] Lesley R. Meier 4-H Graduate Assistant [email protected] 4-H Youth Development Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma Abstract: As humans, we perform remote sensing nearly all the time. This is because we acquire most of our information about our surroundings through the senses of sight and hearing. Whether viewed by the unenhanced eye or a military satellite, remote sensing is observing objects from a distance. With our current technology, remote sensing has become a part of daily activities. A relatively inexpensive and practical method to have a firsthand experience with collecting remotely sensed data is kite aerial photography (KAP). KAP can be used as a geospatial tool to teach youth and adults about remote sensing. Introduction Remote sensing, as defined by Nicholas Short (2005), is the use of instruments or sensors to "capture" the spectral and spatial relations of objects and materials observable at a distance. This is how Earth's surface and atmosphere are observed, measured, and interpreted from orbit. In simpler terms, remote sensing refers to the recording, observing, and perceiving (sensing) of objects or events in distant (remote) places. It allows us to have a bird's eye view of places and features on Earth. The earliest forms of remote sensing began with the invention of the camera. -
Kite Aerial Photography
Kite aerial photography A low cost remote sensing tool for ecological research? -Bart Slot- Supervised by: Prof. dr. J.P. Bakker Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Dr. IC. van Duren International Institute for Geo-lnformation Science •TC and Earth Observation I Tableof contents I Table of contents .1 Acknowledgements { 2 Abstract 3 Introduction 4 objective and questions 5 ResearchMain objective 5 Research hypothesis 5 Methods 6 Study area 6 Kite and lines 6 Kite and lines 7 J Camera equipment and remote control unit 8 Camera 8 Camera rig and suspension 8 Remote control 8 Taking the aerial photographs 9 Regulations and legal issues 10 Ground control points 10 Calibration of non-metric digital cameras 11 Erdas Leica photogrammetic suite (8.7) 12 Vegetation survey 12 Image classification 12 Results 13 Camera calibration 13 Ground control points 14 Base map 15 Exterior orientation results 16 Vegetation classification 16 Visual image interpretation! classification 16 Vegetation survey 17 Supervised classification 19 Digital elevation model 23 profiles 25 MiscellaneousHeight 26 Project costs 28 Discussion 29 References 32 Appendix Appendix 1: Air traffic control 34 Appendix 2: Camera Calibration Photomodeler 5 Status Report Tree 35 J Appendix 3: Ground control points 36 Appendix 4: Exterior orientation parameters 37 Appendix 5: Mayonty filter 37 Appendix 6: DEM accuracy report 38 Appendix 7: Modifying digital camera for Near Infrared (NIR) 39 Appendix 8: Spectral response curve 42 I I I I I Acknowledgements This research project couldn't be done without Iris van Duren, Jan Hendriks en I Gerard Reinink. Their support was vital for my project.I would like to thank ITC for providing an inspiring work environment and the opportunity to let me be in that environment.I also would like to thank Ton Klomphaar from state forestry service, who allowed me to do my research in their terrain. -
Computersalectronics AUGUST 1983 Formerly Popular Electronics $1.50
Computersalectronics AUGUST 1983 formerly Popular Electronics $1.50 Printers for Small Computers Radio Shack's New Micro Color Computer Testing the Microbuffer II Printer Interface Compact DiscDigital Audio Systems Also In This Issue: 08 o heT !Latest Flat -Panel Displays 1111 First 4024 1427 Look at Magnavox's CD Record Player www.americanradiohistory.comAmericanRadioHistory.Com You can wait for industry siandards to mandate improved performance. Or you can have it now on Maxell. The Gold Standard. The refinements of The Gold Standard, from clear and accurate. And lubricants reduce fric- oxide particles to lubricant to jacket, are uniquely tion between head and disk for a longer media Maxell. And therefore, so are the benefits. and head life. To house it, we then Our unique, uniform crystals assure dense a constructed a new jacket heat - oxide packing. So you begin with an origi- resistant to 140° F to withstand drive nal signal of extraordinary fidelity. A signal heat without warp or wear. And we safeguard in ways that leave industry created the floppy disk that standards in our wake. leads the industry in error -free performance and durability. An advanced binder bonds oxides to the base material preventing time All industry standards exist to and money- wasting dropouts. assure reliable performance. Calendering then smooths the sur- The Gold Standard expresses face for a read /write signal that stays a higher aim: perfection. mexeII. IT'S WORTH IT Computer Products Division, Maxell Corporation of America, 60 Oxford Drive, Moonachie, N.J. 07074 201 -440 -8020 Circle No. 30 on Free Information Card www.americanradiohistory.comAmericanRadioHistory.Com the KLH Solo Price Slashed List Price $199- Suggested Retail $169 January 1983 Dealer Cost $106 NOW $68 It's been killing us. -
AARG BOOKLET FINAL Red.Pdf
Contents Contents Timetable: Wednesday 24 September 06 Kilberry, Co Meath, Ireland; Community Archaeology Above and Below 20 - Kevin Barton and Justin Kenny Timetable: Thursday 25 September 07 Pick your heritage – archaeological work with public data sets - Martin Fera 21 Law Abiding Citizens? - Susan Curran 08 Automated detection of abandoned livestock enclosures in remotely sensed 22 images of the Silvretta Alps - Karsten Lambers & Igor Zingman Geophysical Survey in the Brú na Bóinne WHS - Conor Brady & Kevin Barton 09 ARCTIS – A MATLAB® toolbox for archaeological imaging 24 South Connemara Aerial Survey - Michael Gibbons 10 spectroscopy - Michael Doneus et al. Exploring the hidden depths of Tara’s hinterland: geophysical and 11 Assessing archive stereo-aerial photographs for reconstructing archaeological 25 landscape investigations in the Meath/north Dublin region - Ger Dowling earthworks - Heather Papworth et al. Big Jobs for Big Data? Issues with the management and maintenance 12 An improved approach to the recognition of standing remains - Aude Crozet, 26 of high-volume research data in Irish archaeology - Mick Corcoran Rachel Opitz & Laure Nuninger Flights of Discovery: and why we need more of them in Ireland! - Gill Barrett 13 NMP data in the EngLaID project - Chris Green 28 Pattern and process: aerial archaeology as new landscape 14 Airborne magnetometer and cultural remains – preliminary results from a test and 29 archaeology? - Dimitrij Mlekuz work in progress - Ole Risbøl & Michael Pregesbauer UAV Photogrammetry – the key to a turn in Icelandic burial 15 A workflow for (semi)-automatic extraction of roads and paths in forested areas 30 archaeology? - Gisli Palsson from Airborne Laser Scan data - Williem Vletter From field-work to.. -
Aargnews ISSN 1756-753X the Newsletter of the Aerial Archaeology Research Group
AARGnews ISSN 1756-753X The newsletter of the Aerial Archaeology Research Group Number 38 March 2009 Contents Editorial 2 In the shadow of crisis: Chairman’s Piece 5 AARG 2009 Siena 9 The role of efficiency in aerial archaeological research of Hungary by Zoltán Czajlik 10 GIS-based analysis of aerial photography, soils and landuse by Johanna Dreßler 18 Recording Landscape and Urban Area Modification: an example from Southern Italy by Pierfrancesco Rescio 25 Small but Perfectly Functional – Quadrocopters and Archaeological Recording by Graeme J Collie, Mike Smith, Ian Black 31 Aerial archaeologists’ meeting at Mainz, Germany by Johanna Dreßler 41 Information for contributors 41 Review article. The influence of aerial photography on the artworks of Kate Whiteford by Sarah Horlock 42 Other books of interest? 46 Juris Urtāns. Augšzemes Ezeri: arheoloğija un folklore [Lakes of Augšzemes: archaeology and folklore] Stefano Campana and Salvatore Piro. Seeing the Unseen. Geophysics and Landscape Archaeology Birger Stichelbaut, Jean Bourgeois, Nicholas Saunders and Piet Chielens (eds). Images of Conflict: Military Aerial Photography and Archaeology Peter Halkon. Archaeology and Environment in a Changing East Yorkshire Landscape: The Foulness Valley c. 800 BC to c. AD 400 Cropmarks 49 AARG: general information, membership, addresses, student bursaries 50 AARGnews 38 (March 2009) Editorial 1 The wheel Several years ago I asked John Hampton, one of the founder members of AARG, why he no longer came to the annual meetings. His reply was that he was fed up with hearing people reinventing the wheel. Yes, there is a certain amount of reinvention, and while this may be necessary to provide each generation, and each country, with its own starting platform, I do sometimes wonder whether sometimes we are going round in circles – or spirals if you want the current theoretical equivalent. -
Cameras and Settings for Aerial Surveys in the Geosciences: Optimizing Image Data
Cameras and settings for aerial surveys in the geosciences: optimizing image data James O’Connor1†, Mike Smith1, Mike R. James2 1 School of Geography and Geology, Kingston University London 2Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University Keywords: UAV, Digital Image, Photography, Remote Sensing Abstract: Aerial image capture has become very common within the geosciences due to the increasing affordability of low payload (<20 kg) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for consumer markets. Their application to surveying has subsequently led to many studies being undertaken using UAV imagery and derived products as primary data sources. However, image quality and the principles of image capture are seldom given rigorous discussion. In this contribution we firstly revisit the underpinning concepts behind image capture, from which the requirements for acquiring sharp, well exposed and suitable image data are derived. Secondly, the platform, camera, lens and imaging settings relevant to image quality planning are discussed, with worked examples to guide users through the process of considering the factors required for capturing high quality imagery for geoscience investigations. Given a target feature size and ground sample distance based on mission objectives, flight height and velocity should be calculated to ensure motion blur is kept to a minimum. We recommend using a camera with as big a sensor as is permissible for the aerial platform being used (to maximise sensor sensitivity), effective focal lengths of 24 – 35 mm (to minimize errors due to lens distortion) and optimising ISO (to ensure shutter speed is fast enough to minimise motion blur). Finally, we give recommendations for the reporting of results by researchers in order to help improve the confidence in, and reusability of, surveys through: providing open access imagery where possible, presenting example images and excerpts, and detailing appropriate metadata to rigorously describe the image capture process. -
15 February 2016 Feature Volume 97, Issue 4
VOL. 97 NO. 4 15 FEB 2016 Earth & Space Science News Can Biofuels Cool Our Climate? Space-Themed Stamps A Volcano’s Hidden Plumbing Author Identifi ers for AGU Journals Still Time to Register Call for Abstracts There is still time to register for the 2016 Ocean Sciences Meeting, 21-26 February. Visit the Ocean Sciences Meeting website for the latest information on speakers and events. osm.agu.org/2016/ Earth & Space Science News Contents 15 FEBRUARY 2016 FEATURE VOLUME 97, ISSUE 4 20 Using Sounds from the Ocean to Measure Winds in the Stratosphere Stratospheric winds deflect acoustic waves from the oceans. With the right data and the math to analyze them, these waves tell us about the weather aloft. NEWS Special Delivery: Post 8 Office to Issue Space- Themed Stamps Letter writers will be able to adorn their envelopes this year with full-disk images of the planets, Pluto, and the full Moon, as well as Star Trek icons. RESEARCH SPOTLIGHT 14 COVER 29 How Biofuels Can Cool Our Climate The Coming Blue Revolution and Strengthen Our Ecosystems Managing water scarcity, one of the most pressing challenges society faces today, Critics of biofuels like ethanol argue that they are an unsustainable will require a novel conceptual framework use of land. But with careful management, next-generation grass- to understand our place in the hydrologic based biofuels can net climate savings and improve their ecosystems. cycle. Earth & Space Science News Eos.org // 1 Contents DEPARTMENTS Editor in Chief Barbara T. Richman: AGU, Washington, D. C., USA; eos_ [email protected] Editors Christina M. -
Applications of Small-Format Aerial Photography in North Dakota James S
Applications of small-format aerial photography in North Dakota James S. Aber Earth Science Department, Emporia State University, Emporia, KS 66801 ([email protected]) Introduction color-visible or color-infrared formats. A variety of camera Modern earth science investigations typically involve a lenses and filters can be applied to achieve special effects. combination of techniques and data types ranging from satellite The camera rigs are operated by radio control from the ground imagery, to ground observations, to subsurface geophysics. to pan (0-360°), tilt (0-90°), and fire the shutter. Single-camera Within this spectrum of observational levels, airphotos are rigs weigh 20 to 40 ounces. commonly used for viewing, mapping, and interpreting natural and cultural resources displayed at the Earth’s surface. For more than half a century, airphotos have been utilized for surveys of various archaeological, biological, and geological resources. For example, airphotos are indispensable aids in the preparation of maps of surficial geology in North Dakota and elsewhere. Conventional aerial photographs normally are acquired from airplanes flying 10,000 to 20,000 feet above the terrain. The photographs are taken with large-format cameras that use film 9 inches (23 cm) wide. Photo scale ranges from 1:10,000 to 1:40,000 and resolution is typically 1-2 meters. Figure 1. Cartoon showing setup for kite aerial photography. The Pictures are taken vertically in overlapping sequence to camera rig is suspended from the kite line and is operated by radio provide complete coverage of large ground areas. The control from the ground. Not to scale. National Aerial Photography Program (NAPP) of the U.S. -
Aperture, Shutter & ISO for Kite Aerial Photography
Aperture, Shutter Speed & ISO for Kite Aerial Photography Copyright Al Edgar Al Edgar Nex 5n, Tv mode, 35mm, f4, 1/1250, ISO 500 February 2014 What You Need for Kite Aerial Photography Set your exposure: • Aperture, Shutter Speed and ISO for the conditions and subject Kite and Reel to lift your camera Camera and control mechanism to aim and compose your shot Kite Aerial Photography • Many similarities to Street Photography: o Pre-visualize the shot you want o Quick reflexes to capture the action when it happens o No time to optimise camera settings – just do it! o Semi automated operation with progressive adjustments pre-set • No time to think! • Many distractions: o Video live feed o People asking questions o Misbehaving kite! • Set and remember! • BUT with… …Thousands of dollars at risk… Copyright Al Edgar Copyright Al Edgar Yours or Mine? Time: Early morning, full sun Camera: NEX 5n (1.5x crop factor) Lens: Minolta 45mm f1.7 Aperture set to f4 Mode: Shutter Priority Shutter: 1/4000th of a second ISO: Automatically adjusts to 100 Choose Your Lens to Suit Your Photography - High quality primes with - Maximum aperture f1.4 to excellent corner resolution f2.8 preferred - Shoot wide, crop savagely - Resistance to flare Copyright Al Edgar Other Important Stuff - Shoot Raw files only - Increase shutter speed by setting – 0.7 EV - Sports mode or continuous frames for action - Candle light mode for dusk - In camera noise reduction – customised to suit ISO Camera Settings • Manual or pre-set focus • TV Mode, Shutter Priority preferred ISO • -
Multispectral Unpiloted Aircraft System
VOLUME 15 • SPRING 2018 ISSN 2373-5783 San Francisco and Los Angeles 2] Figure 1: The 3DR Solo quadcopter with MicaSense RedEdge camera at Knuthson Meadow. Figure 2: Imagery of Knuthson Meadow collected from quadcopter flights and rendered using the Pix4d software suite. Multispectral 2 ....................................................... Director’s Message . Unpiloted Aircraft System 2 .............................. Sonoma> Assessing PES Projects 4 .................................... San Diego> Optimizing Outdoor ultispectral cameras mounted on unpiloted aircraft Campus Wi-Fi Coverage systems (UAS) are playing an increasingly important 6 ........ San Luis Obispo> Detection of Water Stress in Mrole in precision agriculture, and provide great Vineyards Utilizing UAV promise in biogeographical studies and land cover mapping. and Hyperspectral Imagery Use of near-infrared spectral bands and indices such as the 8 Humbolt> Developing a Coastal GIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for capturing ........................... Model of Sri Lanka vegetation health has been used since the 1970s in satellite platforms (e.g. Landsat). In recent years, low-cost UAS platforms 9 ..................................................... San Jose> Virtual Visit: and consumer grade (Canon S95) cameras used for digital Developing a 3D Campus Map surface modeling of gullies (Christian & Davis 2016) has also 11 .........San Marcos> Regeneration of Cypriot Native shown promise for mapping vegetation characteristics when Plants following Agricultural Abandonment modified to capture near infrared (NIR) (Christian 2015). SAVE THE DATE Sensors such as the Parrot Sequoia and MicaSense RedEdge are Please join us at the 2018 ESRI International User Conference in San Diego, California, July 9–13. continued on page 10 Sonoma DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE 2018 Advances in Applied Geospatial Research in the CSU In this issue of the CSU Geospatial Review, CSU scientists demonstrate an array of methods that apply advanced geospatial technologies on our campuses and field sites. -
DVD Players/Recorders and Camcorders
Brick 10005726: Analogue/Digital Converters Definition Includes any products that can be described/observed as a device which converts a standard analogue signal from a cd player, games console or cassette to a digital output, both optical and coaxial. Excludes products such as converter cassettes and swich–boxes. Type of Analogue/Digital Converter (20002648) Attribute Definition Indicates, with reference to the product branding, labelling or packaging, the descriptive term that is used by the product manufacturer to identify the type of analogue and/or digital converter. Attribute Values AUDIO CONVERTER UNCLASSIFIED (30002515) VIDEO CONVERTER (30013420) UNIDENTIFIED (30002518) (30013421) Page 1 of 198 Brick 10001467: Audio Headsets Definition Includes any products that can be described/observed as an audio receiver with small speakers that can be held to each ear by a headband or inserted into the ear, in order for one to listen to audio sounds. Specifically excludes communication headsets, which also contain a microphone for two–way communications. Excludes products such as Microphones, Converter Cassettes and Audio/Visual Cables. Corded/Cordless (20001116) Attribute Definition Indicates, with reference to the product branding, labelling or packaging, the descriptive term that is used by the product manufacturer to identify whether the product is connected to a base unit or power supply by a cord. Attribute Values CORDED (30007714) CORDLESS (30007715) UNIDENTIFIED (30002518) Signal Connection (20002597) Attribute Definition Indicates, -
BBC R&D Annual Review 2006-2007
Preparing the BBC for Creative Futures and Digital Britain. Ensuring it has the technology to remain relevant to licence fee payers and their evolving needs. BBC RESEARCH & INNOVATION ANNUAL REVIEW 1 Contents Foreword 4 NEW SERVICES CORE TECHNOLOGIES High Definition Television 6 Networks for Programme Production 30 Interactive Television for the On-demand World 8 Radio Systems 32 Online, On-demand, and On The Move 10 Video Compression – Dirac and Dirac Pro 34 Freeview Playback 13 Audio Compression 36 CONTENTS Serving our Audiences – User-centred Research 14 Digital Rights Management 37 PRODUCTION WORKING WITH US Production Magic 16 Collaborative Projects 38 D-3 Videotape Preservation System 19 Standards 40 Programme Production 20 BBC Information & Archives 43 Radio Spectrum for Production 23 The Innovation Forum 44 Future Media Innovation 45 DELIVERY Digital TV – Switchover 24 More Information 46 Digital TV – Architectures 26 Index 47 Audience Research 27 Credits and address 48 DAB and Digital Radio Mondiale 28 Kamaelia 29 2 APRIL 2006 – MARCH 2007 BBC RESEARCH & INNOVATION ANNUAL REVIEW 3 Foreword by Huw Williams, Head of Research & Innovation FOREWORD A new name Our achievements We continue to support our colleagues in production, with are about to be shown at the prestigious NAB broadcasters’ This review reflects a year of important I would like to pick out some of our significant achievements innovative solutions to make routine tasks easier and to encourage exhibition and conference in Las Vegas. We are also very close during the past year. creative programming.The Piero sports graphics system won the to trialling the delivery of digital TV and radio channels to 3G changes, with the renaming of our parent award for Innovation in Content Creation at IBC 2006.