DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL,B.S.CITY SESSION 2020-2021 Note: All work to be done in a thin copy.
Subject: SST Class:4
LESSON -2. THE NORTHERN PLAINS
SUB-TOPIC: THE RIVER GANGA BASIN
** CONTENT OF THE ABOVE LESSON
*The Ganga basin lies to the east of the Sutlej basin. Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh , Bihar , Jharkhand and West Bengal lie in this basin.
*The Ganga river is an important river system in India. It is also regarded as a holy river by the Hindus.
*The Ganga river originates from the Gangotri glacier.
*The Yamuna is the main tributary of river Ganga and it originates from a glacier called Yamunotri.
*The Yamuna joins the Ganga at Allahabad. The place where they meet is called Sangam.
*The Ganga enters the plain at Haridwar in Uttrakhand and flows through the states of Uttrakhand , Uttar Pradesh , Bihar and West Bengal.
*Other tributaries like the Ghagra , Gomti , Gandak and the Kosi also originate in the Himalayas and join the Ganga basin.
*Rivers like Chambal , Betwa and Son also join the Ganga from the southern side.
*In West Bengal , the river Ganga is divided into two branches. One of its branches , the Hugli river , flows through the city of Kolkata.
*The other branch of the river Ganga is called Padma , flows through Bangladesh.
*On reaching West Bengal , the Ganga slows down as it is full of sediments and silt. It is so heavy that it starts depositing sediments. These deposits form triangular islands of silt at the mouth of the river. This is known as delta.
*The delta of the Ganga and the Brahmaputra together form the world’s largest delta Sundarban Delta .
*A lot of rainfall and fine silt deposit make the Ganga basin area rich and very fertile. *A number of crops are grown here like rice , wheat , jute and sugarcane. This basin is also called the Food Bowl of India.
*Some important cities in this region are Haridwar , Allahabad , Patna , Varanasi and Kanpur.
** Read the above content carefully and answer the following questions accordingly :
I. Answer the following questions:-
1. Which basin in the northern plains of India is known as Food Bowl Of India? Mention the crops grown here.
2. Name the world’s largest delta .
3. Name the city where the river Ganga and Yamuna meet and what is that meeting point known as?
II. Name them:
1. Any four cities lying in the Ganga basin.
2. The glacier from where the Ganga originates.
III. Fill in the blanks:
1. The ______river is also regarded as the holy river by the Hindus.
2. The ______is the main tributary of the river Ganga.
** Activity based on the above content: Fill in the gap and make the meaningful words:
1. In West Bengal,the river Ganga is divided into two b_ _ n_ _es.
2. A lot of rainfall and fine silt deposit make the Ganga basin area rich and
f_ _t_ _ e.
3. The branch of river Ganga which flows through Kolkata is known as H_ _li.
4. The other branch of river Ganga is called Padma and it flows through
B_ _g l _d_ _ h.
5. On reaching West Bengal,the river Ganga slows down as it is full of silt and
s_ _ _me_ ts.
Subject: ENGLISH Class:4
PUNCTUATION
PUNCTUATION Punctuation is used to create sense, clarity and stress in sentences. You use punctuation marks to structure and organise your writing.
In other words, punctuation helps us to understand when to pause between fully formed ideas when speaking, as well as organize our thoughts in writing.
Punctuation includes commas, semicolons, colons, periods, quotations, and apostrophes. Punctuation helps the reader know where sentences begin or end
Punctuation is important because it makes writing and sentences clear, effective, and understandable. Punctuation helps convey ideas to your reader by guiding them through your language, sentences, and thoughts.
PERIOD OR FULL STOP ( . ) PERIODS ARE A FORM OF PUNCTUATION THAT SIGNALS THE END OF A SENTENCE, OR WHERE A SENTENCE STOPS.
Look at the sentences below:
-John went to the store. He needed to buy soap. -I walked down to my friend’s house. She asked me to come over.
You can see that the periods tell us when a complete sentence, or a complete thought, ends. In this way, we know when a new sentence begins. We have other punctuation marks that end a sentence, but they give us more emotion.
EXCLAMATION MARK (!) AN EXCLAMATION MARK IS A PUNCTUATION MARK THAT BOTH ENDS A SENTENCE AND GIVES US STRONGER EMOTION.
-I love panda bears!
-Look at that mountain!
-I cannot believe that!
See how the exclamation mark both ends the sentence and helps the speaker or writer convey strong emotions, like anger, excitement, or nervousness.
QUESTION MARK (?) QUESTION MARKS INDICATE THE END OF A SENTENCE AND THAT THE SPEAKER IS ASKING A QUESTION.
• Do you like strawberries?
• How are you?
• What is your favourite animal?
COMMA (,) COMMAS HELP US BREAK DOWN SENTENCES OR SHOW US WHEN WE NEED TO PAUSE IN A SENTENCE:
They can also combine two complete thoughts or sentences.
Look at how the sentence below uses commas. The commas separate the items in the list so that we may read it easily and understand each item the individual needs at the market.
I went to the market to buy oranges, apples, carrots, and bananas.
Commas can tell us when to naturally pause when reading a sentence or when there needs to be emphasis. For example:
Despite the fact it is raining, I still want to go to the zoo.
QUOTATIONS (“ ”) QUOTATIONS ARE PUNCTUATION MARKS THAT TELL US WHEN SOMEONE IS TALKING.
Quotation marks are put around dialogue, or things that people say. For example: John said, “We saw giraffes at the zoo.”
He said, “I love to play soccer with my friends.”
All end punctuation goes before the closing quotation mark.
For example,
“I love to play soccer with my friends”.
The above sentence is wrong because the period is after the closing quotation mark.
APOSTROPHE (‘) 1. APOSTROPHE IS USED TO INDICATE POSSESSION OF SOMETHING.
Example:
This is Ravi’s house.
2. APOSTROPHE IS USED IN CONTRACTION WHERE LETTERS HAVE BEEN OMITTED.
Example:
Don’t, isn’t
BASIC CAPITALIZATION RULES
TO CAPITALIZE A LETTER MEANS TO MAKE IT AN UPPER-CASE LETTER. CAPITALIZATION IS A VERY IMPORTANT PART OF GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION.
1. The first letter of a sentence always needs to be in capital.
2. The first letter of a proper noun (name of a person, place, days of the week, months of the year, holidays) always needs to be in capital. For example: a. My name is Elena. b. My favourite day is Friday. c. Last year, I went to England for the summer. d. I wonder what I am getting for Christmas this year.
3. The first letter of each word in a title has to be capitalized. For example: My favourite book is Warriors by Erin Hunters 4. The first letter of a quote should be capitalized. He said, " I love ice cream!"
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING APPROPRIATE PUNCTUATION MARKS AND CAPITAL LETTERS WHEREVER NECESSARY.
1. river yamuna flows through agra
2. eiffel tower is the most famous monument in france
3. my brother is a singer
4. where have you been all this while
5. you look hot are you ill
6. come here at once
7. rohan is a smart boy
8. sania couldnt believe her eyes when she saw the bicycle
9. india is the seventh largest country in the world
10. mumbai is the capital of maharashtra
11. my best friend and his family are moving to chennai
12. you dont look happy to see me do you
13. you shouldnt have done this to john
14. there is a large rain forest in south America
Subject: MATHS Class: 4
ROMAN NUMERALS
• There are seven symbols in Roman Numerals. They are I, V, X, L, C, D and M
Hindu Arabic Roman Numerals
1 I
5 V
10 X
50 L
100 C
500 D
1000 M
• In Roman Numeral there is no symbol of zero.
• This system has no place value system.
• If the symbol is repeated , its value is added as many times as it occurs.(Maximum three times of repetition is allowed)
• We can not repeat the symbols V,L and D.
• Only I, X and C can be repeated three times at the most. i.e. III= 1+1+1=3
XX = 10 + 10 =20 ; CCC = 100+100 +100= 300
• When a digit of lower value is written to the right of higher value , the values of all the digits are added. i.e. VI = 5 + 1 = 6 ; XII = 10 + 2 = 12;
LXXX = 50 + 10 +10+10 = 80
• When a digit of lower value is written to the left of higher value , then the value of lower digit is subtracted from the value of the higher digit . i.e. IV = 5 - 1 = 4 ;
IX = 10 -1 = 9 ; XL = 50 – 10 = 40; XC = 100-10 =90
To write a number in Roman Numeral, we may use the method of expanded form. For Example, if we have to write 379 we can write it as 300+70+9.
Now we can look for symbols of 300 as CCC, 70 as LXX and 9 as IX.
Hence, 379 = 300 + 70 + 9 = CCCLXXIX
I) Write the following numbers in Roman Numerals
a) 34
b) 68
c) 47
d) 90
e) 98
f) 123
g) 456
h) 645
i) 649
j) 967
II) Write the following in Hindu Arabic Numerals An example has been shown: XXIX = XX + IX = 20 + 9 = 29 a) XXIX
b) XCIX
c) CLXV
d) LXXXIX
e) CDXLVI
f) CCXXXVIII
g) DCXCVII
h) CCIX
i) CIX
j) XLV III) Solve the following and write in Roman Numerals For example: L ÷ X = 50 ÷ 10 = 5 = V
a) IX+XXXV = ______
b) XXIV + L = ______
c) CX +LXXVI =______
d) D +CIX +IX =______
e) LXXXIX +V + XXXVI + VI = ______