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An Analysis of the Homeless People in America Reflected in John Grisham’S Novel the Street Lawyer

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An Analysis of the Homeless People in America Reflected in John Grisham’S Novel the Street Lawyer AN ANALYSIS OF THE HOMELESS PEOPLE IN AMERICA REFLECTED IN JOHN GRISHAM’S NOVEL THE STREET LAWYER A THESIS BY NISTI FINDRIANI UTAMI REG. NO. 100705058 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014 Universitas Sumatera Utara AN ANALYSIS OF THE HOMELESS PEOPLE IN AMERICA REFLECTED IN JOHN GRISHAM’S NOVEL THE STREET LAWYER A THESIS BY NISTI FINDRIANI UTAMI REG. NO. 100705058 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014 Universitas Sumatera Utara AN ANALYSIS OF THE HOMELESS PEOPLE IN AMERICA REFLECTED IN JOHN GRISHAM’S NOVEL THE STREET LAWYER A THESIS BY NISTI FINDRIANI UTAMI REG. NO. 100705058 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum NIP. 19570720 198303 2 001 NIP. 19580517 198503 1 003 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014 Universitas Sumatera Utara Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head, Secretary, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 Universitas Sumatera Utara Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on Saturday, July 12, 2014 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001 Board of Examiners Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS ………………………………. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. ………………………………. Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum ………………………………. Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum ………………………………. Universitas Sumatera Utara AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, NISTI FINDRIANI UTAMI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : July, 2014 Universitas Sumatera Utara COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : NISTI FINDRIANI UTAMI TITLE OF THESIS :AN ANALYSIS OF THE HOMELESS PEOPLE IN AMERICA REFLECTED IN JOHN GRISHAM’S NOVEL THE STREET LAWYER QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : July, 2014 Universitas Sumatera Utara ACKNOWLEDGMENT Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah SWT. and shalawat to the great Prophet, Muhammad SAW., who has brought us from the dark ages to the era full of knowledge like today. First of all, I would like to give the gratitude to Allah SWT., God of the universe, for all the mercy and the blessing so I can complete this thesis. Allah always be there to guide me, especially in completing this thesis. I also thankful to Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A., the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies; Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS, the Head of English Department; and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D., the Secretary of English Department. I also would like thank to my Academic Advisor, Dr. Hj. T. Thyrhaya Zein, M.A., and all the lecturer of English Department who have teach me during the years when study in English Department. I would like to give the gratitude and deepest appreciation to Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum., as the supervisor and Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum., as the co- supervisor for all guidance, suggestion, advice, and all the thing given to me in doing this thesis. My special gratitude is given to my beloved parents, H. Usman Effendy, S. E. and Sawalnis, who have given not only financial and spiritual support, but also motivation and all the things that I need so I did not give up and keeps trying to complete this thesis, and also thank you for the patience and advice in educating me. I also given the gratitude to my brothers, Muhammad Merfadhly, Muhammad Ardhika, Muhammad Hidayani Setiawan, Muhammad Nofrian, and my sister Atika Nistiawaty, thanks to all your love, care, and pray given to me. Universitas Sumatera Utara Finally, I would like to thank to Alm. Bang Amran and also Bang Mistam for all the help. I also would like thank you to my friends Fira Mauliani Shanti, Ryani Junisha Ayulin, Julisa Masita, Khairunnisa Nst., and Vita Khairani, thank you for being a friend for me and filled the days while studying in English Department and in daily life, share stories and listen all of my complaints that I given to you. Thank you for the care and motivation given to me so I can complete this thesis. To all my classmates, Mori, Nina, Septi, Mariam, Devi, Wina, Laura, Kania, Krista, Tami, Hetty, Apri, Elsye, Hanny, Yosi, Nurhayati, Rini, Eka, Cindy, Novita, Gunanti, Ninis, Putri, Yudi, Aldi, Fandu, Boy, Denny, Samuel, Petrus, Dicky, Martin, and all my friends in A & B Class in English Department. Thanks for all moments we shared for four years in English Department. You guys are my friends. May Allah SWT. bless us forever. Aamiin… Medan, July 2014 Nisti Findriani Utami Reg. No. 100705058 Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Judul skripsi ini adalah An Analysis of the Homeless People in America Reflected in John Grisham’s novel The Street Lawyer. Novel ini bercerita tentang ketidakadilan dalam sistem hukum, dimana “kaya” dan “miskin” tidak pernah berada pada kedudukan yang sama dan juga realitas kehidupan tunawisma di Amerika khususnya di Washington D.C., dimana masyarakat terbagi menjadi dua golongan, yaitu mereka yang peduli pada nasib tunawisma serta orang miskin dan mereka yang tidak peduli. Skripsi ini menganalisis penyebab seseorang menjadi tunawisma dan akibat sesorang menjadi tunawisma, serta sikap pemerintah dan masyarakat terhadap tunawisma. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu penulis mendeskripsikan, menyelidiki, serta menganalisis data-data yang ada yang dikumpulkan dari buku-buku di perpustakaan dan internet yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori sosiologi sastra dan strukturalisme dinamik. Sosiologi sastra adalah suatu teori yang melihat sebuah karya sastra sebagai hasil interaksi antara penulis dan lingkungannya. Dan strukturalisme dinamik adalah sebuah bentuk sempurna dari teori strukturalisme. Strukturalisme dinamik adalah teori tentang unsur-unsur di dalam karya sastra yang diaplikasikan ke dalam suatu penelitian. Kata Kunci: Tunawisma, sebab dan akibat dari tunawisma Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT The title of this thesis is An Analysis of the Homeless People in America Reflected in John Grisham’s novel The Street Lawyer. This novel tells about injustice in legal system, where the “haves” and “have-nots” are never on an equal footing and also the reality of homeless life in America especially in Washington D.C., where the society is divided into two groups, they are the people who care about the fate of homeless and poor people and the people who do not care. This thesis analyzes about the causes of people become homeless and the effect of people who become homeless, also the attitude of the government and society toward homeless people. The method that used in writing this thesis is a qualitative descriptive method that is the writer describes, explores, and analyzes the data that collected from the books in the library and the internet related to this study. The theory that used is sociology of literature theory and dynamic structuralism. Sociology of literature is a theory that sees a literary work as a result of interaction between the author and their community. And dynamic structuralism is a perfect form of the structuralism theory. Dynamic structuralism is a theory about the elements in literary work which is applied in the research. Key Word: Homeless, cause and effect of homeless Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION…………………………………………… v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION…………………………………………. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT…………………………………………………... vii ABSTRAK………………………………………………………………….. ix ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………... x TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………….. xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study……………………………………………… 1 1.2 Problem of the Study…………………………………………………... 5 1.3 Objective of the Study…………………………………………………. 5 1.4 Scope of the Study…………………………………………………….. 6 1.5 Significance of the Study……………………………………………… 6 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Intrinsic Elements in Prose…………………………………………….. 9 2.1.1Character………………………………………………………………10 2.1.2 Plot……………………………………………………………………..11 2.1.3 Point of View…………………………………………………………..12 2.1.4 Setting………………………………………………………………….13 2.1.5 Style……………………………………………………………………13 2.1.6 Theme………………………………………………………………….14 2.2 Extrinsic Elements……………………………………………………..14 2.2.1
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