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Download Download PLATINUM The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles OPEN ACCESS online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Short Communication Assessment of threat status of the holly fern Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching (Polypodiopsida: Dryopteridaceae) in India using IUCN Regional guidelines C. Bagathsingh & A. Benniamin 26 January 2021 | Vol. 13 | No. 1 | Pages: 17554–17560 DOI: 10.11609/jot.6133.13.1.17554-17560 For Focus, Scope, Aims, Policies, and Guidelines visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0 For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/editorialPolicies#custom-2 For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. The journal, the publisher, the host, and the part- Publisher & Host ners are not responsible for the accuracy of the politcal boundaries shown in the maps by the authors. Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 January 2021 | 13(1): 17554–17560 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.6133.13.1.17554-17560 #6133 | Received 11 May 2020 | Final received 15 January 2021 | Finally accepted 18 January 2021 SHORT COMMUNICATION Assessment of threat status of the holly fern Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching (Polypodiopsida: Dryopteridaceae) in India using IUCN Regional guidelines C. Bagathsingh 1 & A. Benniamin 2 1,2 Fern Tissue Culture Laboratory, Botanical Survey of India, Western Regional Centre, No-7, Koregaon Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411001, India. 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected] Abstract: During the feld survey in central Western Ghats of globally (PPG I, 2016). It has, however, received litle India, an interestng dryopteridoid fern species was collected from conservaton efort than other plant groups and most Nellikathrupodu Range of Billigiri Rangaswamy Temple (BRT) Tiger Reserve of Karnataka. Afer a critcal study of literature, the specimen species of ferns have not yet been evaluated for their was identfed as Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching. In India, conservaton status (IUCN 2017). A huge number of this species is known only from its type locality Nilgiri and Palani hills of Tamil Nadu. The present collecton from the BRT Tiger Reserve ferns and lycophytes have become threatened (Arcand shows its extended distributon and forms the frst report for the & Ranker 2008) and the decline is probably due to state of Karnataka. The present paper deals with the assessment habitat destructon and loss of mature individuals and conservaton status of Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching in India in accordance with IUCN guidelines for the applicaton of Red List (IUCN 2019). In India, about 1,107 species of ferns and Criteria at regional and natonal Levels, 2012, Version 4.0. Detailed lycophytes were reported (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017) of descriptons, photographs, microphotographs are provided for easy which nearly about one-third of total Indian populatons identfcaton of this species. (337 taxa) are considered to be threatened (Fraser- Keywords: Categorizaton, GeoCAT, Nilgiris, threatened pteridophytes, Jenkins 2012). The Western Ghats, one of the global Western Ghats. hotspots of the world, harbors 349 species of ferns and lycophytes (Benniamin & Sundari 2020) among which 38 species are assessed as threatened (Benniamin et The seed-free vascular plants of pteridophytes, al. 2008). The previous assessments, however, could which include ferns (10,578 species) and lycophytes not meet the guidelines of IUCN Red List Categories (1,338 species) are the second most species-rich group and Criteria neither at the regional nor natonal Level of vascular plants composing of ca. 11,916 species (IUCN 2012). Hence, the threatened status of most Editor: V. Irudayaraj, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkotai, India. Date of publicaton: 26 January 2021 (online & print) Citaton: Bagathsingh, C. & A. Benniamin (2021). Assessment of threat status of the holly fern Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching (Polypodiopsida: Dryopteri- daceae) in India using IUCN Regional guidelines. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(1): 17554–17560. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.6133.13.1.17554-17560 Copyright: © Bagathsingh & Benniamin 2021. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India (File No. EMR/2017/0003856). Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Acknowledgements: The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to the Director, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata for his support. We extend our sincere thanks to Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Wildlife Division), Karnataka Forest Department for grantng permission to carry out the research. The frst author is thankful to Mr. V. Thirumurugan and Mr. Muthukrishnan, Wildlife Insttute of India, Dehradun and Mr. Nenjae Gowda, ATREE Community Conservaton Centre, BR Hills for their assistance during feldwork. Special thanks to Mr. Caroline Loup, Curator Université de Montpellier – Herbier (MPU) for sending the isosyntype image. 17554 Assessment of threat status of Cyrtomium micropterum Bagathsingh & Benniamin J TT ferns and lycophyte species in India remains under- and southern Africa, Madagascar, and southern India. In evaluated. The present study is an atempt to assess the India this species is known only from its type locality in threat status of Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching. Nilgiri Hills and from Palani Hills of Tamil Nadu (Figure 1). (Dryopteridaceae) in India, in accordance with the IUCN The present record with previous studies shows that Guidelines for applicaton of Red List Criteria at regional the habitats of this species, somewhat high alttude on and natonal Levels, 2012, Version 4.0. the eastward ofshoots of the Western Ghats like Palni During the feld survey (2017–2020) the frst author Hills, Nilgiri Hills, and BRT Hills are more suitable for this collected an interestng dryopteridoid fern species species when compared to Munnar Hills and Tirunelveli from Nellikathrupodu Range of Billigiri Rangaswamy Hills on the main tract of the Western Ghats. As far as Temple (BRT) Tiger Reserve, Karnataka (11.91180°N the Dryopteridaceae members are concerned, most of & 77.20776°E). Afer making detailed studies on the species are alttude specifc, i.e., 1,300–1,800m. morphological characters along with consultaton Since the alttude of northern Western Ghats is less of relevant literature (Manickam & Irudayaraj 1992, than 1,300 m (Maharashtra, Goa, and Gujarat), it is not 2003; Rajagopal & Bhat 2016; Benniamin & Sundari possible for this species to grow there. This may be due 2020) and herbarium (BSI, RHT, JCB, MPU), this species to the requirement of a highly specifc ecological niche was identfed as Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) for this species, which prefers ever-green or partally- Ching. On perusal of literature surveys and herbarium exposed semi-evergreen forests at high alttudes. It consultaton, it became apparent that this genus has has also been confrmed that no such specifc habitat not been reported in Karnataka. Hence the genus has been observed on the roadsides of Palni Hills, Cyrtomium forms a new additon to the pteridophytc Nilgiris, and Nellikathuru Podu in the BRT Tiger Reserve, fora of Karnataka State, with the single species C. Karnataka. Apart from the alttudinal and physiographic micropterum (Kunze) Ching. The paleotropical species characteristcs mentoned above, other climatc factors, C. micropterum (Kunze) Ching is distributed in eastern in partcular the proporton of maritme and land Figure 1. Distributon of Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching in India. Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 January 2021 | 13(1): 17554–17560 17555 J TT Assessment of threat status of Cyrtomium micropterum Bagathsingh & Benniamin moisture and temperature, also play an important role in Results the distributon of this threatened fern as shown in the Cyrtomium micropterum (Kunze) Ching distributon map (Map 1). In general, all the populatons Icon. Fil. Sin. 3: t. 127. 1935. Image 1. Benniamin are present on the eastern side of the Western Ghats & Sundari, Pteridophytes of Western Ghats-A Pictorial to get more contnental air mass and less maritme guide: 41. f. 113. 2020; Fraser-Jenk. et al., Annot. Checkl. air mass as in Africa (Bostock et al. 1998). From the Indian. Pterid. 2: 215. 2018. Aspidium anomophyllum distributon patern of this species, it is
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