Mark A.Smith,Ph.D
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John H. Patterson
JOHN H. PATTERSON HERO OF THE CIVIL AND SPANISH-AMERICAN WARS Josef W. Rokus September 26, 2009 Copyright © 2009 Josef W. Rokus All rights reserved. CONTENTS Acknowledgments 3 Introduction 4 John H. Patterson’s ancestors and early life 5 John H. Patterson’s service in the Civil War prior to the Battle of the Wilderness 6 John H. Patterson at the Battle of the Wilderness and his Medal of Honor 8 John H. Patterson’s service in the Civil War after the Battle of the Wilderness 18 John H. Patterson’s military service and life between the Civil War 19 and the Spanish-American War John H. Patterson in the Spanish-American War and his retirement 31 John H. Patterson’s second marriage and his final years 38 Postscript: Donation of John H. Patterson’s Medal of Honor 44 APPENDICES Appendix No. 1 John H. Patterson’s assignments and promotions 48 Appendix No. 2 50 “History of the 11th U.S. Infantry Regiment” by Capt. J. H. Patterson, U.S. Army, Twentieth Infantry, included in The Army of the United States Appendix No. 3 60 “Children of the Frontier: A Daughter of the Old Army Recalls the Vivid Life Seen by Herself and Other Youngsters at the Western Posts” by Elizabeth Patterson. New York Herald Tribune, December 18, 1932 Appendix No. 4 66 Biographical sketch and obituary for William H. Forbes, father of Mary Elizabeth Forbes, first wife of John H. Patterson Appendix No. 5 67 Captain John H. Patterson at Fort Seward, Dakota Territory NOTES 71 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank the following individuals who were very helpful in assembling this biography of John H. -
The Ohio National Guard Before the Militia Act of 1903
THE OHIO NATIONAL GUARD BEFORE THE MILITIA ACT OF 1903 A thesis submitted To Kent State University in partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By Cyrus Moore August, 2015 © Copyright All rights reserved Except for previously published materials Thesis written by Cyrus Moore B.S., Ohio University, 2011 M.A., Kent State University, 2015 Approved by Kevin J. Adams, Professor, Ph.D., Department of History Master’s Advisor Kenneth J. Bindas, Professor, Ph.D, Chair, Department of History James L Blank, Ph.D., Dean, College of Arts and Sciences Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………1 Chapter I. Republican Roots………………………………………………………19 II. A Vulnerable State……………………………………………………..35 III. Riots and Strikes………………………………………………………..64 IV. From Mobilization to Disillusionment………………………………….97 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….125 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………..136 Introduction The Ohio Militia and National Guard before 1903 The second half of the nineteenth century witnessed a profound change in the militia in the United States. Driven by the rivalry between modern warfare and militia tradition, the role as well as the ideology of the militia institution fitfully progressed beyond its seventeenth century origins. Ohio’s militia, the third largest in the country at the time, strove to modernize while preserving its relevance. Like many states in the early republic, Ohio’s militia started out as a sporadic group of reluctant citizens with little military competency. The War of the Rebellion exposed the serious flaws in the militia system, but also demonstrated why armed citizen-soldiers were necessary to the defense of the state. After the war ended, the militia struggled, but developed into a capable military organization through state-imposed reform. -
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Updated July 29, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32492 American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Summary This report provides U.S. war casualty statistics. It includes data tables containing the number of casualties among American military personnel who served in principal wars and combat operations from 1775 to the present. It also includes data on those wounded in action and information such as race and ethnicity, gender, branch of service, and cause of death. The tables are compiled from various Department of Defense (DOD) sources. Wars covered include the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the Civil War, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam Conflict, and the Persian Gulf War. Military operations covered include the Iranian Hostage Rescue Mission; Lebanon Peacekeeping; Urgent Fury in Grenada; Just Cause in Panama; Desert Shield and Desert Storm; Restore Hope in Somalia; Uphold Democracy in Haiti; Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF); Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF); Operation New Dawn (OND); Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR); and Operation Freedom’s Sentinel (OFS). Starting with the Korean War and the more recent conflicts, this report includes additional detailed information on types of casualties and, when available, demographics. It also cites a number of resources for further information, including sources of historical statistics on active duty military deaths, published lists of military personnel killed in combat actions, data on demographic indicators among U.S. military personnel, related websites, and relevant CRS reports. Congressional Research Service American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................... -
Appendix I War of 1812 Chronology
THE WAR OF 1812 MAGAZINE ISSUE 26 December 2016 Appendix I War of 1812 Chronology Compiled by Ralph Eshelman and Donald Hickey Introduction This War of 1812 Chronology includes all the major events related to the conflict beginning with the 1797 Jay Treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation between the United Kingdom and the United States of America and ending with the United States, Weas and Kickapoos signing of a peace treaty at Fort Harrison, Indiana, June 4, 1816. While the chronology includes items such as treaties, embargos and political events, the focus is on military engagements, both land and sea. It is believed this chronology is the most holistic inventory of War of 1812 military engagements ever assembled into a chronological listing. Don Hickey, in his War of 1812 Chronology, comments that chronologies are marred by errors partly because they draw on faulty sources and because secondary and even primary sources are not always dependable.1 For example, opposing commanders might give different dates for a military action, and occasionally the same commander might even present conflicting data. Jerry Roberts in his book on the British raid on Essex, Connecticut, points out that in a copy of Captain Coot’s report in the Admiralty and Secretariat Papers the date given for the raid is off by one day.2 Similarly, during the bombardment of Fort McHenry a British bomb vessel's log entry date is off by one day.3 Hickey points out that reports compiled by officers at sea or in remote parts of the theaters of war seem to be especially prone to ambiguity and error. -
Fort Totten Battery, U
Landmarks Preservation Commission September 24, 1974, Number 5 LP-0826 FORT TOTTEN BATTERY, U. S. Government Reservation, Willets Point, Bayside, Queens. Built 1362-1864; Supervising Engineer: !'Jilliam Petit Trowbridge. Landmark Site: Borough of Queens Tax ~1ap Block 5917, Lot 1, in part, consisting of the land on which the described improvement is situated. On September 25, 1973, the Landmarks Preservation CoMmission held a ,public hearing on the proposed designation as a Landmark of the Fort Toften Battery and the proposed designation of the related Landmark Site (Item No. 8). The hear ing had been duly advertised in accordance with the provisions of law. A representative of the United States Army testified as to the current status of the Battery. There were no speakers in opposition to desienation. DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS The Fort Totten Battery is one of the most impressive and monumental sights in Queens. Its superior stone construction, rarely surpassed in this country, con tains a number of the important innovations used in the Third or Totten System of United States seacoast fortifications that were built between 1817 and 1864. The First System of seacoast fortifications was begun in 1794 when it seemed that the United States might be drawn into the European wars that followed the French Revolution. The Second System, which started in 1807 under the threat of war with Britain and ended with the l'Tar of 1812, is important because it marks the first time that American-born and trained engineers built fortifications on a large scale. Unlike the first two systems which had been built in response to external threats, the Third System of seacoast fortifications was begun in 1817 during a period of peace. -
T's Astonishing Just How Small Fort Sumter, S.C., Is. Five Minutes at A
Some interiors and gun emplacements of the Fort Sumter National Monument, Charleston, S.C., have been restored by the National Park Service to depict their Civil War state, but the overall look of the fort is far different today. t’s astonishing just how small Fort Sumter, S.C., is. ings are gone. Any brickwork not bashed to smithereens things tighter. Dwindling hope of reinforcement or res - pers, and news of it was disseminated worldwide by Five minutes at a saunter will take most who walk when Union forces returned to reclaim the fort in 1865 cue made things even worse. telegraph taps. It was the story of the day almost every it across its breadth, from the entrance gate to the was downed by later upgrades. Anderson’s garrison Gone are the vestiges of how the soldiers endured, day and became the public focal point in a high-stakes far gun line. burned most of the wooden structures as the artillery - but at the fort’s seaward side, Confederate state flags test of wills—national and personal. Great political and A dark gray blockhouse impedes those who stroll men ripped them apart one by one for fuel to survive— now fly atop a ring of flagstaffs around a taller central strategic questions came to be embodied by the struggle there today. It encased the command-and-control the cook shack consumed last in the desperation to flagstaff bearing the U.S. colors. Memorializing the over Sumter. center during World War II. Fort Sumter was an opera - hang on. losses on both sides, its design symbolizes restored alle - Newspapers, magazines and, uniquely, battlefield tional part of the Charleston Harbor defenses from its At the end of Anderson’s occupation of the fort, the giance under one flag. -
LEAVING CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW WHERE IT Is: GOLDSMITH and POSNER's the LIMITS of INTERNATIONAL LAW
LEAVING CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW WHERE IT Is: GOLDSMITH AND POSNER'S THE LIMITS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW David M. Golove* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 334 II. THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ............................ 336 A. Self-Interested States? ................................ 337 B. The Supposed Weakness of Customary InternationalLaw ..... 343 Im. EMPIRICAL METHODOLOGY: GOLDSMITH AND POSNER' S APPROACH TO HISTORY ....................................347 IV. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE CIVIL WAR ........ 350 V. CONCLUSION ........................................... 377 * The Hiller Family Foundation Professor of Law, New York University School of Law. For helpful comments, the author is indebted to Eyal Benvenisti, John Ferejohn, Thomas Franck, Barry Friedman, Clay Gillette, Dan Hulsebosch, Stephen Holmes, Lewis Kornhauser, Mattias Kumm, Daryl Levinson, Susan Lewis, Rick Pildes, and all of the participants in the symposium. This Essay was presented at a symposium on The Limits of InternationalLaw, University of Georgia Law School, October 28-29, 2005. GA. J. INT'L & COMP. L. [Vol. 34:333 I. INTRODUCrION International legal scholarship has long suffered from too much normative theorizing and too little positive analysis about how the international legal system actually works. This inattention to the empirical and descriptive has alienated international legal scholars from their colleagues in political science departments and lent much of international law scholarship an utopian air. Whatever the historical source of this state of affairs, however, it is rapidly fading. A new generation of scholars, steeped in a variety of social scientific methodologies, has turned its sights on international law and is actively employing positive theories of state behavior to enhance legal analyses. These scholars have also begun to undertake empirical studies in an effort to provide support for their theoretical claims. -
A Geophysical Investigation of the Parade Ground at Fort Jefferson
A GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE PARADE GROUND AT FORT JEFFERSON DRY TORTUGAS NATIONAL PARK, FLORIDA National Park Service Southeast Archeological Center U.S. Department of the Interior Tallahassee, Florida 2008 SOUTHEAST ARCHEOLOGICAL CENTER The Southeast Archeological Center (SEAC) is a support operation of the National Park Service’s Southeast Region. In assisting parks with their cultural resource management needs, SEAC facilitates long-term protection of archeological resources and compiles and utilizes the archeological information obtained from these resources. In addition to annually generating numerous archeological reports, as mandated by federal law and park operations, SEAC is the repository for over six million artifacts that make up the Southeast Region’s research collections and contribute to its cultural database. SEAC is staffed by professional NPS archeologists and regularly employs archeology students from Florida State University and other anthropology programs throughout the Southeast. For more information contact: Southeast Archeology Center 2035 East Paul Dirac Drive Johnson Building, Suite 120 Tallahassee, Florida 32310 Telephone: 850-580-3011 Fax: 850-580-2884 http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/seac.htm A Geophysical Investigation of the Parade Ground at Fort Jefferson Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida SEAC Accession 2099 DRTO Accession 159 by Charles F. Lawson National Park Service / Southeast Archeological Center / Tallahassee, FL / 2007 Management Summary In December of 2006, the Southeast Archeo- historic refuse dumps. In addition, numerous logical Center (SEAC) conducted a ground historic and modern sewage, electrical, and penetrating radar (GPR) survey at Fort Jef- water distribution utilities were identifi ed dur- ferson in Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO). ing the survey. -
Joseph Gilbert Totten
MEMOIE JOSEPH GILBERT TOTTEN. 1788-1864. BY J. G. BARNARD. BEAD AT THE •WASHINGTON SESSION, JAN. 0,1866. BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF JOSEPH GILBERT TOTTEN. ME. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN or THE ACADEMY :— In conformity with a clause of the Constitution of this Academy, and in obedience to your instructions, I am here to render the tribute of a formal biographical notice in commemoration of one who was numbered among our most venerable and most honored associates. If, in the language of one of our body, on a previous and similar occasion, "it is no unreasonable assumption that public benefit and individual incentives may be derived from the history of any man whose scientific services have rendered him worthy of admittance to your number," that assumption must have a peculiar force when it applies to one who has "finished his course," and has filled a life, protracted beyond the usual term, with scientific labors of no ordinary variety and magnitude. It is but little more than two years since we first met for the great and important work of organizing this National Academy, and with us—of our number, if not personally present—were "both the gray-headed and very aged men." But, alas! these, like autumnal leaves, are rapidly falling away, and already the places of a Totten, a Hitchcock, and a Silliman know them no more, save in the records of their lives and deeds, and in the grateful memories of their associates. What a trio of names, glorious in the annals of science, is this! Well may they be ineentives to us, who yet remain to strive that we may worthily replace them, and establish for this Academy a reputation for usefulness and science which their honored bearers have acquired for themselves. -
Propaganda Use by the Union and Confederacy in Great Britain During the American Civil War, 1861-1862 Annalise Policicchio
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Duquesne University: Digital Commons Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 2012 Propaganda Use by the Union and Confederacy in Great Britain during the American Civil War, 1861-1862 Annalise Policicchio Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Policicchio, A. (2012). Propaganda Use by the Union and Confederacy in Great Britain during the American Civil War, 1861-1862 (Master's thesis, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1053 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PROPAGANDA USE BY THE UNION AND CONFEDERACY IN GREAT BRITAIN DURING THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR, 1861-1862 A Thesis Submitted to the McAnulty College & Graduate School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Degree of Masters of History By Annalise L. Policicchio August 2012 Copyright by Annalise L. Policicchio 2012 PROPAGANDA USE BY THE UNION AND CONFEDERACY IN GREAT BRITAIN DURING THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR, 1861-1862 By Annalise L. Policicchio Approved May 2012 ____________________________ ______________________________ Holly Mayer, Ph.D. Perry Blatz, Ph.D. Associate Professor of History Associate Professor of History Thesis Director Thesis Reader ____________________________ ______________________________ James C. Swindal, Ph.D. Holly Mayer, Ph.D. Dean, McAnulty College & Graduate Chair, Department of History School of Liberal Arts iii ABSTRACT PROPAGANDA USE BY THE UNION AND CONFEDERACY IN GREAT BRITAIN DURING THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR, 1861-1862 By Annalise L. -
Guidelines for Identifying, Evaluating And
NATIONAL REGISTER BULLETIN Technical information on the National Register of Historic Places: survey, evaluation, registration, and preservation of cultural resources U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Cultural Resources GUIDELINES FOR IDENTIFYING, EVALUATING, AND REGISTERING AMERICA'S HISTORIC BATTLEFIELDS The mission of the Depatment of the Interior is to protect and provide access to our Nation's natural and cultural heritage and honor our trust responsibilities to tribes. This material is partially based upon work conducted under a cooperative agreement with the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers and the U.S. Department of the Interior. (Cover Photo). This monument commemorates the memory of the Confederate and Union soldiers who fought at Brices Cross Roads, Lee County, Mississippi, on June 10, 1864. Brices Cross Roads is the site where Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest defeated the larger Union force of Gen. S.D. Sturgis, thereby continuing to threaten the Union lines of communication during Gen. Sherman's Atlanta Campaign. (Photo by National Park Service). NATIONAL REGISTER BULLETIN GUIDELINES FOR IDENTIFYING, EVALUATING, AND REGISTERING AMERICA'S HISTORIC BATTLEFIELDS by Patrick W. Andrus U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register, History and Education 1992; Revised 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ii Preface iii Battlefields on the Landscape 1 A Historical Perspective on Battlefield Preservation 2 Why Battlefields Have Been Preserved 3 The Status -
David Bates Douglass Papers, Chronological
David Bates Douglass Papers William L. Clements Library Chronological Inventory The University of Michigan Finding aid: https://quod.lib.umich.edu/c/clementsead/umich-wcl-M-1390dou?view=text • 1812 March 23. S. H. Cox to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; Newark, [New Jersey]. 4 pages. • 1812 March 23. S. H. Cox to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; Newark, [New Jersey]. 4 pages. • 1813 December 24. Malcom [David Bates Douglass] to Ann E. Ellicott [Ann Eliza Ellicott]; [West Point, New York]. 6 pages. • 1813 December 24. Malcolm [David Bates Douglass] to Ann E. Ellicott [Ann Eliza Ellicott]; West Point, [New York]. 5 pages. • 1813 December 27. Samuel H. Eakin to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; New York, [New York]. 3 pages.* • 1814 January 14. Maria Colden to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; Coldenham, [New York]. 2 pages. • 1814 January 14. Samuel H. Eakin to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; New York, [New York]. 1 page.* • 1814 January 21. Samuel H. Eakin to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; New York, [New York]. 1 page.* • 1814 Januray 24. Samuel H. Eakin to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; New York, [New York]. 2 pages.* • 1814 February 17. Samuel H. Eakin to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; New York, [New York]. 1 page.* • 1814 February 21. E. D. Wood [Eleazer Derby Wood] to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; Albany, [New York]. 3 pages.* • 1814 February 26. Samuel H. Eakin to David B. Douglass [David Bates Douglass]; New York, [New York]. 2 pages.* • 1814 March 8.